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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Voltron: Legendary Defender", "paragraph_text": "The first season premiered on Netflix on June 10, 2016, and consisted of 13 episodes. The series has a 78 - episode commitment from Netflix. It has been released globally in United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, France, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Scandinavia, Benelux Union, Latin America, Slovenia and Italy. The second season premiered on Netflix on January 20, 2017, and consisted of 13 episodes. The third season premiered on Netflix on August 4, 2017, and consisted of 7 episodes while the fourth season premiered on October 13, 2017, and consisted of 6 episodes. The fifth season premiered on March 2, 2018, and consists of six episodes. The sixth season premiered on June 15, 2018 and consists of seven episodes. A seventh season premiered on August 10, 2018 and consists of thirteen episodes. The series' success has spawned several comics, action figures, and other toys. The eighth and final season will premiere on December 14, 2018, and will consist of of thirteen episodes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Prison Break", "paragraph_text": "In Canada, Prison Break was broadcast on Global one hour before it aired on Fox, except in the Maritimes where it aired two hours before Fox's airing. Prison Break was the only new television series to be positioned in the top twenty television shows of 2005–2006 in Canada, achieving an average of 876,000 viewers in the key demographic of 18–49 and 1.4 million viewers nationally for its first season. Prison Break premiered on Australian television network Seven on February 1, 2006, to an average audience of 1.94 million. The first season attracted an overall average of 1.353 million viewers. After decreasing ratings throughout the second season, Seven decided to fast-track the airing of the third-season episodes. The fifth season revival moved to Network Ten and debuted on May 15, 2017.The first and second seasons premiered in the UK on Five, with the first season being replayed on UKTV Gold before the second season debuted on Five. Prior to the start of the third season, Sky One acquired the rights to broadcast Prison Break, paying £500,000 per episode. The series premiered in France on August 31, 2006, with an average of 5.5 million viewers. The second season premiered on September 13, 2007, to 5.3 million viewers. The first season's broadcast in Hong Kong on TVB Pearl received the largest audience in the country for a foreign drama. The series premiere obtained an average of 260,000 viewers while the first-season finale obtained an average of 470,000 viewers. The second season's premiere received an average of 270,000 viewers.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Saga of a Star World", "paragraph_text": "\"Saga of a Star World\" (or \"Battlestar Galactica\") is the pilot for the American science fiction television series of \"Battlestar Galactica\" which was produced in 1978 by Glen A. Larson. A re-edit of the episode was released theatrically as Battlestar Galactica in Canada, Australia and some countries in Europe and Latin America before the television series aired in the United States, in order to help recoup its high production costs. Later, in May 1979, the feature-film edit was also released in the United States (see below).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Aliados", "paragraph_text": "Aliados is a unit of Argentine television created and produced by Cris Morena aired by the network Telefe in Argentina and by the FOX Network to the rest of Latin America. It's aimed at teen and youth audiences. The premiere, which was planned for June 10, 2013, was delayed to June 26, 2013. This show marks the return of producer Cris Morena to television after two years, when her production company closed at the end the telenovela Casi Ángeles, because of the death of her daughter Romina Yan. The series airs in 18 countries, including Israel and some in Europe. The season 1 is composed of 23 episodes for television and 126 webisodes online which are parts from the television episodes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "History of anime", "paragraph_text": "The 1960s brought anime to television and in America. The first anime film to be broadcast was Three Tales in 1960. The following year saw the premiere of Japan's first animated television series, Instant History, although it did not consist entirely of animation. Osamu Tezuka's Tetsuwan Atom (Astro Boy) is often miscredited as the first anime television series, premiering on January 1, 1963. Astro Boy was highly influential to other anime in the 1960s, and was followed by a large number of anime about robots or space.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Voltron: Legendary Defender", "paragraph_text": "The first season premiered on Netflix on June 10, 2016 and consisted of 13 episodes. The series has a 78 - episode commitment from Netflix. It has been released globally in United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, France, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Scandinavia, Benelux Union and Latin America. The second season premiered on Netflix on January 20, 2017 and consisted of 13 episodes. The third season premiered on Netflix on August 4, 2017 and consisted of 7 episodes while the fourth season premiered on October 13, 2017 and consisted of 6 episodes. The series' success has spawned several comics, action figures and other toys.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Roman (given name)", "paragraph_text": "Roman is a male first name. It has distant origins dating back to the Roman Empire and the Latin language. It comes from the Latin word ``romanus '', which means`` of Rome''. In this initial sense, the title ``Roman ''means`` a citizen of the Roman Empire'', a man of Roman (or Byzantine) culture, Latin or Greek. The name day festival for Roman may take place on different days depending on the country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Winter Is Coming", "paragraph_text": "\"Winter Is Coming\" is the series premiere episode of the HBO medieval fantasy television series \"Game of Thrones\". The first episode of the first season, it was written by the show creators David Benioff and D. B. Weiss, in a faithful adaptation of the first chapters of George R. R. Martin's book \"A Game of Thrones\". The episode was directed by Tim Van Patten, redoing the work done by director Tom McCarthy in an unaired pilot.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "School Spirits", "paragraph_text": "School Spirits is an American paranormal television series which airs on the Syfy channel. The first season premiered on June 20, 2012. The series features alleged paranormal encounters told through reenactments that are based on occurrences at schools and universities in America.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Montevideo", "paragraph_text": "It is classified as a Beta World City, ranking seventh in Latin America and 73rd in the world. Described as a \"vibrant, eclectic place with a rich cultural life\", and \"a thriving tech center and entrepreneurial culture\", Montevideo ranks 8th in Latin America on the 2013 MasterCard Global Destination Cities Index. By 2014, is also regarded as the fifth most gay-friendly major city in the world, first in Latin America. It is the hub of commerce and higher education in Uruguay as well as its chief port. The city is also the financial and cultural hub of a larger metropolitan area, with a population of around 2 million.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Arthur Hanlon", "paragraph_text": "Arthur Hanlon is an American pianist, songwriter and arranger widely regarded as the best-known instrumentalist in the Latin music realm. Born to Irish-American parents, he hails from Detroit, Michigan, but found his calling in Latin music and has received widespread recognition in that realm, becoming the first pianist to reach the \"Billboard\" Latin airplay charts in more than a decade and the first to have a No. 1 on \"Billboard\"s Tropical Airplay chart. Arthur's latest project is \"Viajero,\" a CD and DVD documenting his travels through eight countries—Argentina, Colombia, Brazil, Italy, Portugal, Spain, Mexico and Cuba. In Miami, Arthur recorded an iconic Latin track in each song and his travels were documented by a traveling film crew. \"Viajero\" mini-docs premiered on American Airlines flights and the album \"Viajero,\" the first for Arthur on Sony Music Latin, was released in mid-2016.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Voltron: Legendary Defender", "paragraph_text": "The first season premiered on Netflix on June 10, 2016, and consisted of 13 episodes. The series has a 78 - episode commitment from Netflix. It has been released globally in United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, France, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Scandinavia, Benelux Union and Latin America. The second season premiered on Netflix on January 20, 2017, and consisted of 13 episodes. The third season premiered on Netflix on August 4, 2017, and consisted of 7 episodes while the fourth season premiered on October 13, 2017, and consisted of 6 episodes. The fifth season premiered on March 2, 2018, and consists of six episodes. The sixth season will premiere on June 15, 2018 and will consist of seven episodes. The series' success has spawned several comics, action figures, and other toys.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "The Resident (TV series)", "paragraph_text": "In the United States, new episodes are broadcast by Fox. Internationally, the series is shown on Seven Network in Australia, City (season 1) and CTV (season 2) in Canada, and on Universal TV in the United Kingdom and Ireland. In Latin America, the series is broadcast by Fox's Latin America counterpart. Episodes can be watched next day on the network's website. Hulu currently owns the SVOD rights to the series, and individual episodes, or the season as a whole, are available for purchase on Amazon and iTunes. The first season DVD set was made available for pre-order in June 2018 through Amazon and is set to be released on October 2, 2018.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "The Kids from Room 402", "paragraph_text": "The Kids from Room 402 is a Canadian-American animated series produced by CinéGroupe and Saban Entertainment that premiered in 1999 on the Fox Family Channel in the United States, and on August 29, 2000 on Teletoon in Canada. It consists of 52 half-hour episodes, the last of which aired in 2000, with reruns airing until 2005. The series was also seen in Latin America and Europe on Fox Kids, with the latter region still airing the series after the Fox Kids channels were purchased by Disney and changed their name to Jetix; remaining on their schedule until the Jetix channels were once again rebranded as Disney XD.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Caged (TV series)", "paragraph_text": "Caged is an American reality television series which aired on MTV. It focuses on a group of young up and coming mixed martial arts fighters in small town Minden, Louisiana. The series premiered on January 9, 2012 on MTV and ran for 10 episodes on its first and only season.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "They Met in Argentina", "paragraph_text": "They Met in Argentina is a 1941 American film directed by Leslie Goodwins and Jack Hively for RKO Pictures. Hively had to come in and finish the picture after Goodwins was hospitalized for pneumonia. Maureen O'Hara plays an Argentinian who falls in love with a Texan (James Ellison), who is attempting to buy a racehorse from her father. It was one of a number of Hollywood films from the 1940s produced to reflect America's \"Good Neighbor policy\" towards Latin American countries. \"They Met in Argentina\" was not well received by audiences, critics, or the Argentine government.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Café, con aroma de mujer", "paragraph_text": "Café, con aroma de mujer (\"Coffee, with the scent of a woman\") is a 1994 Colombian telenovela, produced by then programming company RCN TV on state-owned Canal A. It was written and created by Fernando Gaitán. It was broadcast in several countries throughout Latin America, North America and Europe.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Jo (TV series)", "paragraph_text": "\"Jo\" premiered in Italy on Fox Crime on January 17, 2013 where it was a ratings success, garnering twice the number of viewers as \"Borgia\", and has since been broadcast in several other European countries and across Latin America and southern Africa, with its debut in an English speaking country set for May 19 in the United Kingdom and Ireland. Among the partner channels, it premiered in Belgium on La Une on April 18, 2013 and a week later in France on TF1. A second season was initially expected with the first having been a ratings success and Jean Reno having signed for two seasons from the get-go, however it was later announced in early June 2013 that TF1 had cancelled the show.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "America's Got Talent (season 4)", "paragraph_text": "The fourth season of America's Got Talent, an American television reality show talent competition, premiered on the NBC network on June 23, 2009. Country singer Kevin Skinner was named the winner on September 16, 2009. This season is the first season to be broadcast in high definition.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Sueña Conmigo", "paragraph_text": "Sueña Conmigo (in English \"Dream With Me\") is an original telenovela produced by Nickelodeon Latin America, Illusion Studios and Televisa. This is the 5th Latin American production for Nickelodeon. The first announcement was after the last episode of the telenovela of the same channel \"Isa TK+\". In Hispanic America, the sneak preview was on July 20, 2010, the official release was on August 23, 2010.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 159068, "question": "What country did the series premiere?", "answer": "France", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 }, { "id": 55877, "question": "when did #1 first come to latin america", "answer": "16th to 20th centuries", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Coffee", "paragraph_text": "Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, which are the seeds of berries from the Coffea plant. The genus Coffea is native to tropical Africa (specifically having its origin in Ethiopia and Sudan) and Madagascar, the Comoros, Mauritius, and Réunion in the Indian Ocean. The plant was exported from Africa to countries around the world. Coffee plants are now cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the Americas, Southeast Asia, India, and Africa. The two most commonly grown are the highly regarded arabica, and the less sophisticated but stronger and hardier robusta. Once ripe, coffee berries are picked, processed, and dried. Dried coffee seeds (referred to as beans) are roasted to varying degrees, depending on the desired flavor. Roasted beans are ground and brewed with near - boiling water to produce coffee as a beverage.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Cape Jones", "paragraph_text": "Cape Jones () is the cape lying immediately southeast of Mount Lubbock and marking the southern tip of the Daniell Peninsula in Victoria Land, Antarctica. It was discovered in January 1841 by Sir James Clark Ross who named it for Captain William Jones, Royal Navy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Kopi luwak", "paragraph_text": "Although kopi luwak is a form of processing rather than a variety of coffee, it has been called one of the most expensive coffees in the world with retail prices reaching €550 / US $700 per kilogram. The price of farmed (considered low - grade by connoisseurs) kopi luwak in large Indonesian supermarkets is from US $100 per kilogram (five times the price of a high quality local arabica coffee).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Comedians in Cars Getting Coffee", "paragraph_text": "Comedians in Cars Getting Coffee is an American web series talk show directed and hosted by comedian Jerry Seinfeld, distributed for the first nine seasons by digital network Crackle, then moving to Netflix for season ten (2018). The series premiered on July 19, 2012.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Wellington", "paragraph_text": "Wellington / ˈwɛlɪŋtən / (Māori: Te Whanganui - a-Tara) is the capital city and second most populous urban area of New Zealand, with 405,000 residents. It is at the south - western tip of the North Island, between Cook Strait and the Rimutaka Range. Wellington is the major population centre of the southern North Island and is the administrative centre of the Wellington Region, which also includes the Kapiti Coast and Wairarapa. It is the world's windiest city, with an average wind speed of over 26 km / h, and the world's southernmost capital of a sovereign state.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Belousov Point", "paragraph_text": "Belousov Point () is an ice-covered headland forming the southern tip of the Anderson Peninsula, located just north of the terminus of Suvorov Glacier, situated in Victoria Land, Antarctica. The geographical headland was first mapped by the Soviet Antarctic Expedition of 1958 and named for the Soviet polar captain Mikhail P. Belousov, 1904–46. The headland lies on the Pennell Coast, a portion of Antarctica lying between Cape Williams and Cape Adare.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Cape of Good Hope", "paragraph_text": "A common misconception is that the Cape of Good Hope is the southern tip of Africa. This misconception was based on the misbelief that the Cape was the dividing point between the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. Contemporary geographic knowledge instead states the southernmost point of Africa is Cape Agulhas about 150 kilometres (90 mi) to the east - southeast. The currents of the two oceans meet at the point where the warm - water Agulhas current meets the cold water Benguela current and turns back on itself. That oceanic meeting point fluctuates between Cape Agulhas and Cape Point (about 1.2 kilometres (0.75 mi) east of the Cape of Good Hope).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Cape James", "paragraph_text": "Cape James is a cape which forms the southern tip of Smith Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The name appears on a chart based upon the 1828–31 British naval expedition under Captain Henry Foster, and is now well established in international usage.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Metropolis Coffee Company", "paragraph_text": "Metropolis Coffee Company is a coffee roasting company, wholesaler and retailer with locations at 1039 W. Granville Avenue and 3057 N. Rockwell Avenue in Chicago, Illinois. The company supplies coffee to hundreds of cafes and restaurants throughout the US, Canada, and Korea. In 2005, they were named by \"Newcity\" as the best place in Chicago to buy coffee beans and noted for their donation of $2 to Oxfam for Tsunami for each pound of beans purchased. Metropolis is also a back-to-back winner of the Good Food Awards, and winner of Roast Magazine's Roaster of the Year - A national roasting competition.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Café Coffee Day", "paragraph_text": "Coffee Day Global Limited Cafe Coffee Day logo Trading name Café Coffee Day Type Subsidiary of Coffee Day Enterprises Limited Traded as BSE: 539436 NSE: COFFEEDAY (parent company) ISIN INE335K01011 Industry Coffeehouse Founded 1996; 22 years ago (1996) Headquarters Coffee Day Square, Vittal Mallya Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India Number of locations 1,556 (17 October 2015) Area served India, Austria, Czech Republic, Malaysia and Egypt Key people V.G. Siddhartha (Chairman) Products Coffee Tea Pastries cappuccino beverages Smoothies Revenue ₹13.26 billion (US $210 million) (2015) Number of employees 5000 + Parent Coffee Day Enterprises Limited Subsidiaries Café Emporio Coffee Day Fresh 'n Ground Coffee Day Xpress Coffee Day Take Away Coffee Day Exports Coffee Day Perfect Coffee Day Beverages Website www.cafecoffeeday.com", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Xen Coffee", "paragraph_text": "Xen Coffee is an independent siphon coffee bar in Hong Kong. Xen Coffee's first coffee shop was in Quarry Bay. Xen Coffee serves highly selective coffee varieties from Africa, Indonesia, Central and South Americas. Xen Coffee was awarded Best Fair Trade Cafe in Hong Kong for its effort as a pioneer in promoting Fair Trade products like chocolate from Ghana, organic coffee from Ethiopian Yirgacheffe and the rainforest of Guatemala in Hong Kong. \"Time Out\" magazine (Hong Kong edition) has selected Xen Coffee as one of Hong Kong's 20 Best Coffee Spots. Xen Coffee has also been covered in \"My Coffee Guide\" written by Moses Chan, a coffee geek and celebrity in Hong Kong. Helen Chow, the head Siphonist of Xen Coffee was awarded the title of World Siphonist by the Specialty Coffee Association of Japan (SCAJ) to honor her achievement as second runner-up in the World Siphonist Championship (WSC) 2010. The founder of Xen Coffee, Dixon Ip, is the first person in China to obtain certifications from both the Specialty Coffee Association of America (SCAA) and Coffee Quality Institute (CQI) as SCAA Cupping Judge and CQI Licensed Q Grader. Xen Coffee focuses on educating the local community on coffee beyond espresso and promoting the concept of enjoying specialty coffee from single origins.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Eugster/Frismag", "paragraph_text": "Eugster/Frismag AG, headquartered in Amriswil, Switzerland, is an OEM producer of home appliances, especially coffee machines which are sold under many well-known international brand names. Eugster/Frismag manufactures around 20% of all Nestle machines as well as other machines for brands such as Jura, Koenig, Melitta, Moulinex, or Turmix. The annual production totals 5 million coffee machines. Alongside Saeco, Eugster/Frismag is one of the world's largest producers of coffee machines.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Centurion Card", "paragraph_text": "Jerry Seinfeld claimed in a 2018 episode of his web show ``Comedians in Cars Getting Coffee ''(with guest John Mulaney) that American Express began issuing the Black Card after Seinfeld asked the Amex president about it, and that Seinfeld (who was their ad pitchman) was given the first one.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "First Mass in the Philippines", "paragraph_text": "The first Catholic Mass in the Philippines was held on March 31, 1521, Easter Sunday. It was said by Father Pedro de Valderrama along the shores of Limasawa at the tip of Southern Leyte. Limasawa is this popularly known as the birthplace of the Church in the Philippines.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Jabur", "paragraph_text": "Jabur, alternately Jabor (Chinese: 雅姆), is a small town in the southern tip of Terengganu, Malaysia. It is situated in Kemaman constituency, near the Terengganu-Pahang border.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "New Amsterdam", "paragraph_text": "New Amsterdam (Dutch: Nieuw Amsterdam) was a 17th - century Dutch settlement established at the southern tip of Manhattan Island that served as the seat of the colonial government in New Netherland. The factorij became a settlement outside Fort Amsterdam. The fort was situated on the strategic southern tip of the island of Manhattan and was meant to defend the fur trade operations of the Dutch West India Company in the North River (Hudson River). In 1624, it became a provincial extension of the Dutch Republic and was designated as the capital of the province in 1625.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "South Korea", "paragraph_text": "South Korea occupies the southern portion of the Korean Peninsula, which extends some 1,100 km (680 mi) from the Asian mainland. This mountainous peninsula is flanked by the Yellow Sea to the west, and the Sea of Japan to the east. Its southern tip lies on the Korea Strait and the East China Sea.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Amundsen Sea", "paragraph_text": "The Amundsen Sea, an arm of the Southern Ocean off Marie Byrd Land in western Antarctica, lies between Cape Flying Fish (the northwestern tip of Thurston Island) to the east and Cape Dart on Siple Island to the west. Cape Flying Fish marks the boundary between the Amundsen Sea and the Bellingshausen Sea. West of Cape Dart there is no named marginal sea of the Southern Ocean between the Amundsen and Ross Seas. The Norwegian expedition of 1928–1929 under Captain Nils Larsen named the body of water for the Norwegian polar explorer Roald Amundsen while exploring this area in February 1929.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Playa Balandra", "paragraph_text": "Playa Balandra is a beach located on the Baja California Sur peninsula of Mexico in La Paz. It is located on the Eastern side of the peninsula, but faces west, as the southern tip comes up.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Coffee production in India", "paragraph_text": "Coffee production in India is dominated in the hill tracts of South Indian states, with Karnataka accounting for 71%, followed by Kerala with 21% and Tamil Nadu (5% of overall production with 8,200 tonnes). Indian coffee is said to be the finest coffee grown in the shade rather than direct sunlight anywhere in the world. There are about 250,000 coffee growers in the country; 98% of them are small growers. As of 2009, Indian coffee made up just 4.5% of the global production. Almost 80% of Indian coffee is exported; 70% is bound for Germany, Russia, Spain, Belgium, Slovenia, United States, Japan, Greece, Netherlands and France. Italy accounts for 29% of the exports. Most of the export is shipped through the Suez Canal.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 65690, "question": "where does most of the world get its coffee", "answer": "Africa", "paragraph_support_idx": 0 }, { "id": 85374, "question": "what is the name of the southern tip of #1", "answer": "Cape Agulhas", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 } ]

[ "Agulhas" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Portland Lutheran School", "paragraph_text": "Portland Lutheran School is a private Lutheran school in Portland, Oregon, United States. It has been accredited through the Northwest Association of Accredited Schools since 1948. The school permanently closed in 2015", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Strasbourg", "paragraph_text": "This annexation was one of the direct causes of the brief and bloody War of the Reunions whose outcome left the French in possession. The French annexation was recognized by the Treaty of Ryswick (1697). The official policy of religious intolerance which drove most Protestants from France after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685 was not applied in Strasbourg and in Alsace, because both had a special status as a province à l'instar de l'étranger effectif (a kind of foreign province of the king of France). Strasbourg Cathedral, however, was taken from the Lutherans to be returned to the Catholics as the French authorities tried to promote Catholicism wherever they could (some other historic churches remained in Protestant hands). Its language also remained overwhelmingly German: the German Lutheran university persisted until the French Revolution. Famous students included Goethe and Herder.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Smolensky Cemetery", "paragraph_text": "Smolensky Cemetery (Russian: Смоленское кладбище) is the oldest continuously operating cemetery in Saint Petersburg, Russia. It occupies a rectangular parcel in the western part of Vasilievsky Island, on the bank of the small Smolenka River, and is divided into the Orthodox, Lutheran, and Armenian sections.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Protestantism", "paragraph_text": "Today, Lutheranism is one of the largest branches of Protestantism. With approximately 80 million adherents, it constitutes the third most common Protestant confession after historically Pentecostal denominations and Anglicanism. The Lutheran World Federation, the largest global communion of Lutheran churches represents over 72 million people. Additionally, there are also many smaller bodies such as the International Lutheran Council and the Confessional Evangelical Lutheran Conference, as well as independent churches.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Finnish Seamen's Mission", "paragraph_text": "The Finnish Seamen's Mission works in close co-operation with the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland, although it is a separate organisation. Finnish Lutheran clergy are based in the missions.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "German military administration in occupied France during World War II", "paragraph_text": "Military Administration in France Militärverwaltung in Frankreich Occupation de la France par l'Allemagne 1940 -- 1944 Flag Emblem German (pink) and Italian (green) occupation zones of France: the zone occupée, the zone libre, the zone interdite, the Military Administration in Belgium and Northern France, and annexed Alsace - Lorraine. Status Territory under German military administration Capital Paris Military Commander 1940 -- 1942 Otto von Stülpnagel 1942 -- 1944 Carl - Heinrich von Stülpnagel 1944 Karl Kitzinger Historical era World War II Second Compiègne armistice 22 June 1940 Case Anton 11 November 1942 Liberation of Paris 25 August 1944 Preceded by Succeeded by French Third Republic Provisional Government of the French Republic", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Protestantism", "paragraph_text": "Protestantism spread in Europe during the 16th century. Lutheranism spread from Germany into its surrounding areas,[c] Denmark,[d] Norway,[e] Sweden,[f] Finland,[g] Prussia,[h] Latvia,[i], Estonia,[j] and Iceland,[k] as well as other smaller territories. Reformed churches were founded primarily in Germany and its adjacent regions,[l] Hungary,[m] the Netherlands,[n] Scotland,[o] Switzerland,[p] and France[q] by such reformers as John Calvin, Huldrych Zwingli, and John Knox. Arminianism[r] gained supporters in the Netherlands and parts of Germany. In 1534, King Henry VIII put an end to all papal jurisdiction in England[s] after the Pope failed to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon; this opened the door to reformational ideas, notably during the following reign of Edward VI, through Thomas Cranmer, Richard Hooker, Matthew Parker and other theologians. There were also reformational efforts throughout continental Europe known as the Radical Reformation—a response to perceived corruption in both the Roman Catholic Church and the expanding Magisterial Reformation led by Luther and various other reformers—which gave rise to Anabaptist, Moravian, and other Pietistic movements. In later centuries, Protestants developed their own culture, which made major contributions in education, the humanities and sciences, the political and social order, the economy and the arts, and other fields.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Free France", "paragraph_text": "Free France and its Free French Forces (French: France Libre and Forces françaises libres) were the government - in - exile led by Charles de Gaulle during the Second World War and its military forces, that continued to fight against the Axis powers as one of the Allies after the fall of France. Set up in London in June 1940, it organised and supported the Resistance in occupied France.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Mount Calvary United Methodist Church (New York City)", "paragraph_text": "Mount Calvary United Methodist Church is a Methodist church in Harlem Village, Manhattan, New York City at 116 Edgecombe Avenue. The congregation occupies the former Lutheran church building of The Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Atonement, which was established in 1896 and built in 1897 as a mission church of St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church. When Atonement merged with the Lutheran Church of Our Saviour, Atonement's congregation moved into Our Saviour's building at 525 West 179th Street and then 580 West 187th Street.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Burundian franc", "paragraph_text": "The franc became the currency of Burundi in 1916, when Belgium occupied the former German colony and replaced the German East African rupie with the Belgian Congo franc. Burundi used the currency of Belgian Congo until 1960, when the Rwanda and Burundi franc was introduced. Burundi began issuing its own francs in 1964.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Historic Trinity Lutheran Church", "paragraph_text": "The Historic Trinity Lutheran Church is a church located in downtown Detroit, Michigan. It occupies the Trinity Evangelical Lutheran Church complex, located at 1345 Gratiot Avenue. It was designated a Michigan State Historic Site in 1981 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. Its current pastor is Rev. Darryl L. Andrzejewski.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Chapel in the Hills", "paragraph_text": "The Chapel in the Hills was dedicated on July 6, 1969, as the home for the radio ministry of Lutheran Vespers. Lutheran Vespers hosts such as, Richard A. Jensen were broadcast nationwide from this location in the Black Hills. The church is a special ministry of the South Dakota Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Canon law", "paragraph_text": "The Book of Concord is the historic doctrinal statement of the Lutheran Church, consisting of ten credal documents recognized as authoritative in Lutheranism since the 16th century. However, the Book of Concord is a confessional document (stating orthodox belief) rather than a book of ecclesiastical rules or discipline, like canon law. Each Lutheran national church establishes its own system of church order and discipline, though these are referred to as \"canons.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Great power", "paragraph_text": "Of the five original great powers recognised at the Congress of Vienna, only France and the United Kingdom have maintained that status continuously to the present day, although France was defeated in the Franco-Prussian War and occupied during World War II. After the Congress of Vienna, the British Empire emerged as the pre-eminent power, due to its navy and the extent of its territories, which signalled the beginning of the Pax Britannica and of the Great Game between the UK and Russia. The balance of power between the Great Powers became a major influence in European politics, prompting Otto von Bismarck to say \"All politics reduces itself to this formula: try to be one of three, as long as the world is governed by the unstable equilibrium of five great powers.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Samuel Lehtonen", "paragraph_text": "Samuel Lehtonen (3 February 1921, Helsinki – 20 August 2010) was the Lutheran bishop of the Diocese of Helsinki of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland from 1982 to 1991.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Ivan Levaï", "paragraph_text": "Ivan Levaï (born 18 March 1937 in Budapest) is a journalist in France. He has occupied many positions in radio, television and press journalism. For several years he presented the review of the press in the morning news show on France Inter radio. As of 2011 he presents a press review on France Inter on Saturday and Sunday mornings.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Amelungsborn Abbey", "paragraph_text": "Amelungsborn Abbey, also Amelunxborn Abbey (\"Kloster Amelungsborn\") is a Lutheran monastery in Germany. It is located near Negenborn and Stadtoldendorf, in the \"Landkreis\" of Holzminden in the Weserbergland. It was the second oldest Cistercian foundation in Lower Saxony, Germany, after Walkenried Abbey. It survived the Reformation by becoming Lutheran, and with Loccum Abbey, also previously Cistercian, is one of the only two Lutheran monasteries in Germany with an uninterrupted tradition.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Protestantism", "paragraph_text": "Larry Christenson, a Lutheran theologian based in San Pedro, California, did much in the 1960s and 1970s to interpret the charismatic movement for Lutherans. A very large annual conference regarding that matter was held in Minneapolis. Charismatic Lutheran congregations in Minnesota became especially large and influential; especially \"Hosanna!\" in Lakeville, and North Heights in St. Paul. The next generation of Lutheran charismatics cluster around the Alliance of Renewal Churches. There is considerable charismatic activity among young Lutheran leaders in California centered around an annual gathering at Robinwood Church in Huntington Beach. Richard A. Jensen's Touched by the Spirit published in 1974, played a major role of the Lutheran understanding to the charismatic movement.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Alsace", "paragraph_text": "This situation prevailed until 1639, when most of Alsace was conquered by France so as to keep it out of the hands of the Spanish Habsburgs, who wanted a clear road to their valuable and rebellious possessions in the Spanish Netherlands. Beset by enemies and seeking to gain a free hand in Hungary, the Habsburgs sold their Sundgau territory (mostly in Upper Alsace) to France in 1646, which had occupied it, for the sum of 1.2 million Thalers. When hostilities were concluded in 1648 with the Treaty of Westphalia, most of Alsace was recognized as part of France, although some towns remained independent. The treaty stipulations regarding Alsace were complex; although the French king gained sovereignty, existing rights and customs of the inhabitants were largely preserved. France continued to maintain its customs border along the Vosges mountains where it had been, leaving Alsace more economically oriented to neighbouring German-speaking lands. The German language remained in use in local administration, in schools, and at the (Lutheran) University of Strasbourg, which continued to draw students from other German-speaking lands. The 1685 Edict of Fontainebleau, by which the French king ordered the suppression of French Protestantism, was not applied in Alsace. France did endeavour to promote Catholicism; Strasbourg Cathedral, for example, which had been Lutheran from 1524 to 1681, was returned to the Catholic Church. However, compared to the rest of France, Alsace enjoyed a climate of religious tolerance.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Alsace", "paragraph_text": "Most of the Alsatian population is Roman Catholic, but, largely because of the region's German heritage, a significant Protestant community also exists: today, the EPCAAL (a Lutheran church) is France's second largest Protestant church, also forming an administrative union (UEPAL) with the much smaller Calvinist EPRAL. Unlike the rest of France, the Local law in Alsace-Moselle still provides for to the Napoleonic Concordat of 1801 and the organic articles, which provides public subsidies to the Roman Catholic, Lutheran, and Calvinist churches, as well as to Jewish synagogues; religion classes in one of these faiths is compulsory in public schools. This divergence in policy from the French majority is due to the region having been part of Imperial Germany when the 1905 law separating the French church and state was instituted (for a more comprehensive history, see: Alsace-Lorraine). Controversy erupts periodically on the appropriateness of this legal disposition, as well as on the exclusion of other religions from this arrangement.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 37658, "question": "Where did Lutheranism begin?", "answer": "Germany", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 }, { "id": 68056, "question": "when was france occupied by #1 in ww2", "answer": "1940 -- 1944", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Josue Matías", "paragraph_text": "Josue Matías (born January 6, 1993) is a former gridiron football guard who last played for the Ottawa Redblacks. He played college football at Florida State. Upon signing with the Tennessee Titans in 2015, he became the first Dominican-born player in the NFL.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "2008 Tonga Major League", "paragraph_text": "The 2008 season of the Tonga Major League was the 30th season of top flight association football competition in Tonga. Lotohaʻapai United won the championship for the eleventh time, the last championship won in a record streak of 11 titles in the Tonga Major League.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Gerry Organ", "paragraph_text": "Gerry Organ (born December 4, 1944) is a former professional Canadian football placekicker and punter for the Ottawa Rough Riders of the Canadian Football League. He played for 13 seasons for the Rough Riders, playing in three Grey Cup games, winning two championships in 1973 and 1976. Organ played in 176 games in the CFL and is Ottawa's all-time leader in points scored with 1,462. He is the only kicker to have won the CFL's Most Outstanding Canadian Award, which he won in 1973. He played college football with the Guelph Gryphons.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Gerald Nesbitt", "paragraph_text": "Gerald Nesbitt (born June 8, 1932) was a Canadian football player who played for the Ottawa Rough Riders. He won the Grey Cup with them in 1960. He played college football for the University of Arkansas Razorbacks.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Johnny da Silva Araújo", "paragraph_text": "Johnny da Silva Araújo or simply Johnny (born February 19, 1987 in Rio de Janeiro), is a Brazilian footballer, who currently plays for Atlético Monte Azul.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Tedy Bruschi", "paragraph_text": "Tedy Lacap Bruschi (; born June 9, 1973) is a former professional American football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL) for thirteen seasons. He played college football for the University of Arizona, and was a two-time consensus All-American. He was drafted by the New England Patriots in the third round of the 1996 NFL Draft, and played his entire professional career with the Patriots. Bruschi won three Super Bowls and was a two-time All-Pro selection.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Montana", "paragraph_text": "In presidential elections, Montana was long classified as a swing state, though the state has voted for the Republican candidate in all but two elections from 1952 to the present. The state last supported a Democrat for president in 1992, when Bill Clinton won a plurality victory. Overall, since 1889 the state has voted for Democratic governors 60 percent of the time and Democratic presidents 40 percent of the time, with these numbers being 40/60 for Republican candidates. In the 2008 presidential election, Montana was considered a swing state and was ultimately won by Republican John McCain, albeit by a narrow margin of two percent.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Ovie Mughelli", "paragraph_text": "Ovie Phillip Mughelli (born June 10, 1980) is a former American football fullback who last played for the Atlanta Falcons of the National Football League (NFL). After playing college football for Wake Forest University, he was drafted in the fourth round of the 2003 NFL Draft by the Baltimore Ravens.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "John McCambridge", "paragraph_text": "John Raymond McCambridge (born August 30, 1944) was an American and Canadian football player who played for the Ottawa Rough Riders and Detroit Lions. He won the Grey Cup with Ottawa in 1969. He previously played college football at Northwestern University.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Politics of Texas", "paragraph_text": "From 1848 until Richard M. Nixon's victory in 1972, Texas voted for the Democratic candidate for president in every election except 1928, when it did not support Catholic Al Smith. The state had a white majority and Democrats re-established their dominance after the Civil War. In the mid-20th century 1952 and 1956 elections, the state voters joined the landslide for Dwight D. Eisenhower. (Texas did not vote in 1864 and 1868 due to the Civil War and Reconstruction).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Javon Ringer", "paragraph_text": "Javon Eugene Ringer (born February 2, 1987) is an American football running back who last played for the Tennessee Titans of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for Michigan State University, and was drafted in the fifth round of the 2009 NFL draft.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "2018 Rose Bowl", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 Rose Bowl was a college football bowl game between the Oklahoma Sooners and the Georgia Bulldogs, played on January 1, 2018 at the Rose Bowl stadium in Pasadena, California. The 104th Rose Bowl Game was a semifinal for the College Football Playoff (CFP), matching two of the top four teams selected by the system's selection committee. Georgia and Oklahoma competed for a spot at the 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship game, to be played on January 8, 2018 at Mercedes - Benz Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia. The Georgia Bulldogs won the game with a 27 - yard run by Sony Michel, shortly after Lorenzo Carter blocked Oklahoma Sooners' field goal attempt in the second overtime. The game lasted four hours and five minutes. With 26.8 million viewers on ESPN, the game ranked as the fifth most - viewed cable program of all time.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Johnny Manziel", "paragraph_text": "Johnny Manziel Manziel with the Cleveland Browns in 2015 Free agent Position: Quarterback Born: (1992 - 12 - 06) December 6, 1992 (age 25) Tyler, Texas Height: 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m) Weight: 210 lb (95 kg) Career information High school: Kerrville (TX) Tivy College: Texas A&M NFL Draft: 2014 / Round: 1 / Pick: 22 Career history Cleveland Browns (2014 -- 2015) Career highlights and awards Heisman Trophy (2012) Davey O'Brien Award (2012) Manning Award (2012) Associated Press Player of the Year (2012) Sporting News Player of the Year (2012) SEC Offensive Player of the Year (2012) Consensus All - American (2012) 2 × First - team All - SEC (2012, 2013) Career NFL statistics TD -- INT: 7 -- 7 Passing yards: 1,675 Passer rating: 74.4 Rushing yards: 259 Rushing touchdowns: 1 Player stats at NFL.com Player stats at PFR", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Doug Specht", "paragraph_text": "Doug Specht (born February 7, 1942) was a Canadian football player who played for the Ottawa Rough Riders. He won the Grey Cup in 1968 and 1969. Specht was voted Eastern Conference All-Star in 1966. He previously played college football at Brigham Young University on a football scholarship. In 2006, Specht was inducted into the Windsor-Essex County Sports Hall of Fame. He has remained an Ottawa resident since his playing career and is a long time respected Bailiff in the region.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Rich Karlis", "paragraph_text": "Richard John Karlis (born May 23, 1959) is a former American Football placekicker who played nine seasons for the Denver Broncos, Minnesota Vikings, and Detroit Lions in the National Football League from 1982 to 1990. He played college football at the University of Cincinnati and is known as the last of the field goal kickers who kicked barefoot full-time in the NFL.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Johnny Rodgers", "paragraph_text": "Johnny Steven Rodgers (born July 5, 1951) is an American former gridiron football player. He played college football at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln, where he won the Heisman Trophy in 1972. Rodgers played professionally in the Canadian Football League (CFL) with the Montreal Alouettes and in the National Football League (NFL) with the San Diego Chargers. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 2000.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "2002 Rose Bowl", "paragraph_text": "The 2002 Rose Bowl, played on January 3, 2002, was a college football bowl game. It was the 88th Rose Bowl game and was the BCS National Championship Game of the 2001 college football season. The game featured the Miami Hurricanes and the Nebraska Cornhuskers, marking the first time since the 1919 Rose Bowl, and only the third time in the game's history, that neither the Big Ten nor the Pac - 10 Conferences had a representative in this game. The Hurricanes won the game, 37 -- 14, for their fifth national title. Miami quarterback Ken Dorsey and wide receiver Andre Johnson were named the Rose Bowl Players of the Game.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Alvin Walton", "paragraph_text": "Alvin Earl Walton (born March 14, 1964) is a former American football safety in the National Football League (NFL) for the Washington Redskins and the Baltimore Stallions of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He played college football at Mt. San Jacinto College and the University of Kansas. Walton is among a select group who have won both an NFL and CFL championship.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Jarrett Bush", "paragraph_text": "Jarrett Lee Bush (born May 21, 1984) is an American football cornerback who is currently a free agent. He was originally signed by the Carolina Panthers as an undrafted free agent in 2006, but was claimed by the Green Bay Packers as a waiver-wire pickup following the 2006 preseason and has played through the 2014 regular season. With Green Bay, Bush won Super Bowl XLV over the Pittsburgh Steelers. Bush also played for the Calgary Stampeders of the Canadian Football League. He played college football at Utah State and American River College.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Roger Perdrix", "paragraph_text": "Roger Perdrix (born June 17, 1943) was a Canadian football player who played for the Ottawa Rough Riders. He won the Grey Cup in 1968, 1969, and 1973. He previously played college football at the University of Cincinnati.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 92918, "question": "who did johnny manziel play college football for", "answer": "Texas A&M", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 }, { "id": 62145, "question": "when was the last time a democrat won #1", "answer": "1972", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Metro Tacuba", "paragraph_text": "Metro Tacuba is a station of the Mexico City Metro. It is located in the Tacuba district of the Miguel Hidalgo borough, to the west of downtown Mexico City. It lies along Lines 2 and 7.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Apan", "paragraph_text": "Apan is a city and one of the 84 municipalities of Hidalgo, in central-eastern Mexico. The municipality covers an area of 346.9 km².", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Edinburg, Texas", "paragraph_text": "Edinburg ( ) is a city in and the county seat of Hidalgo County, Texas, United States. The population was 74,569 as of the 2010 census, and in 2016 the estimated population was 87,650.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "San Juan, Texas", "paragraph_text": "San Juan is a city in Hidalgo County, Texas, United States. As of the 2010 census the population was 33,856, up from 26,229 in 2000. It is part of the McAllen–Edinburg–Mission and Reynosa–McAllen metropolitan areas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Chihuahua (state)", "paragraph_text": "During the Napoleonic Occupation of Spain, Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, a Catholic priest of progressive ideas, declared Mexican independence in the small town of Dolores, Guanajuato on September 16, 1810 with a proclamation known as the \"Grito de Dolores\". Hidalgo built a large support among intellectuals, liberal priests and many poor people. Hidalgo fought to protect the rights of the poor and indigenous population. He started on a march to the capital, Mexico City, but retreated back north when faced with the elite of the royal forces at the outskirts of the capital. He established a liberal government from Guadalajara, Jalisco but was soon forced to flee north by the royal forces that recaptured the city. Hidalgo attempted to reach the United States and gain American support for Mexican independence. HIdalgo reached Saltillo, Coahuila where he publicly resigned his military post and rejected a pardon offered by Viceroy Francisco Venegas in return for Hidalgo's surrender. A short time later, he and his supporters were captured by royalist Ignacio Elizondo at the Wells of Baján (Norias de Baján) on March 21, 1811 and taken to the city of Chihuahua. Hidalgo forced the Bishop of Valladolid, Manuel Abad y Queipo, to rescind the excommunication order he had circulated against him on September 24, 1810. Later, the Inquisition issued an excommunication edict on October 13, 1810 condemning Miguel Hidalgo as a seditionary, apostate, and heretic.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "La Villa, Texas", "paragraph_text": "La Villa is a city in Hidalgo County, Texas. The population was 1,957 at the 2010 United States Census. It is part of the McAllen–Edinburg–Mission and Reynosa–McAllen metropolitan areas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Mexico City", "paragraph_text": "Up to the 1990s, the Federal District was the most populous federal entity in Mexico, but since then its population has remained stable at around 8.7 million. The growth of the city has extended beyond the limits of the Federal District to 59 municipalities of the state of Mexico and 1 in the state of Hidalgo. With a population of approximately 19.8 million inhabitants (2008), it is one of the most populous conurbations in the world. Nonetheless, the annual rate of growth of the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City is much lower than that of other large urban agglomerations in Mexico, a phenomenon most likely attributable to the environmental policy of decentralization. The net migration rate of the Federal District from 1995 to 2000 was negative.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Chihuahua (state)", "paragraph_text": "Hidalgo is hailed as the Father of the Nation even though it was Agustin de Iturbide and not Hidalgo who achieved Mexican Independence in 1821. Shortly after gaining independence, the day to celebrate it varied between September 16, the day of Hidalgo's Grito, and September 27, the day Iturbide rode into Mexico City to end the war. Later, political movements would favor the more liberal Hidalgo over the conservative Iturbide, so that eventually September 16, 1810 became the officially recognized day of Mexican independence. The reason for this is that Hidalgo is considered to be \"precursor and creator of the rest of the heroes of the (Mexican War of) Independence.\" Hidalgo has become an icon for Mexicans who resist tyranny in the country. Diego Rivera painted Hidalgo's image in half a dozen murals. José Clemente Orozco depicted him with a flaming torch of liberty and considered the painting among his best work. David Alfaro Siqueiros was commissioned by San Nicolas University in Morelia to paint a mural for a celebration commemorating the 200th anniversary of Hidalgo's birth. The town of his parish was renamed Dolores Hidalgo in his honor and the state of Hidalgo was created in 1869. Every year on the night of 15–16 September, the president of Mexico re-enacts the Grito from the balcony of the National Palace. This scene is repeated by the heads of cities and towns all over Mexico. The remains of Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla lie in the column of the Angel of Independence in Mexico City. Next to it is a lamp lit to represent the sacrifice of those who gave their lives for Mexican Independence.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 8, "title": "North America", "paragraph_text": "North America Area 24,709,000 km (9,540,000 sq mi) (3rd) Population 579,024,000 (2016, 4th) Population density 22.9 / km (59.3 / sq mi) GDP (nominal) $21.2 trillion (2016, 2nd) GDP (PPP) $24.4 trillion (2016, 3rd) GDP per capita $41,830 (2016, 1st) Demonym North American Countries 23 sovereign states Dependencies 23 non-sovereign territories Largest cities List of urban areas: New York City Mexico City Los Angeles Chicago Boston Toronto Dallas -- Fort Worth San Francisco Houston Miami Philadelphia", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo", "paragraph_text": "The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (Tratado de Guadalupe Hidalgo in Spanish), officially entitled the Treaty of Peace, Friendship, Limits and Settlement between the United States of America and the Mexican Republic, is the peace treaty signed on February 2, 1848, in the Villa de Guadalupe Hidalgo (now a neighborhood of Mexico City) between the United States and Mexico that ended the Mexican -- American War (1846 -- 48). The treaty came into force on July 4, 1848.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "1941 Colima earthquake", "paragraph_text": "The magnitude of this earthquake was put at M 7.7 or M 7.7. The intensities were X (\"Extreme) in Colima, VIII (\"Severe\") in Manzanillo, and V (\"Moderate\") in Mexico City. Ninety people were reported dead. The cathedral of Colima was destroyed. Many houses and public buildings in Colima, including the Federal Palace (Palacio federal) and the Hidalgo Theater (Teatro Hidalgo), were damaged. Of the 8,000 houses in the city of Colima, 900 or 2000 collapsed, according to different sources.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Palmhurst, Texas", "paragraph_text": "Palmhurst is a city in Hidalgo County, Texas. The population was 2,607 at the 2010 United States Census. It is part of the McAllen–Edinburg–Mission and Reynosa–McAllen metropolitan areas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo", "paragraph_text": "The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (Tratado de Guadalupe Hidalgo in Spanish), officially titled the Treaty of Peace, Friendship, Limits and Settlement between the United States of America and the Mexican Republic, is the peace treaty signed on February 2, 1848, in the Villa de Guadalupe Hidalgo (now a neighborhood of Mexico City) between the United States and Mexico that ended the Mexican -- American War (1846 -- 1848). The treaty came into force on July 4, 1848.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Carlos Orellana", "paragraph_text": "Carlos Orellana (28 December 1900 in Hidalgo – 24 January 1960 in Mexico City) was a Mexican actor, film director and screenwriter.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Granjeno, Texas", "paragraph_text": "Granjeno is a city in Hidalgo County, Texas, United States. The population was 293 at the 2010 census. The city sits on the banks of the Rio Grande, near the border with Mexico. Its name comes from the Granjeno tree (\"Celtis pallida\") or spiny hackberry.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Mexico City", "paragraph_text": "Mexico city primarily rests on what was Lake Texcoco. Seismic activity is frequent here. Lake Texcoco was drained starting from the 17th century. Although none of the lake waters remain, the city rests on the lake bed's heavily saturated clay. This soft base is collapsing due to the over-extraction of groundwater, called groundwater-related subsidence. Since the beginning of the 20th century the city has sunk as much as nine metres (30 feet) in some areas. This sinking is causing problems with runoff and wastewater management, leading to flooding problems, especially during the rainy season. The entire lake bed is now paved over and most of the city's remaining forested areas lie in the southern boroughs of Milpa Alta, Tlalpan and Xochimilco.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Metro Tacubaya", "paragraph_text": "Metro Tacubaya is a station on Lines 1, 7 and 9 of the Mexico City Metro system. It is located in the Miguel Hidalgo borough of Mexico City, west of the city centre.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Mexican Federal Highway 119", "paragraph_text": "Federal Highway 119 (\"Carretera Federal 119\") is a Federal Highway of Mexico. Federal Highway 119 is split into two segments: the first segment travels from Tejocotal, Hidalgo in the north to Apizaco, Tlaxcala in the south. The second segment travels from Tlaxcala City in the north to Puebla City in the south.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Metro Cuitláhuac", "paragraph_text": "Metro Cuitláhuac is a station on the Mexico City Metro. It is located in the Colonia Popotla and Colonia San Álvaro districts in the Miguel Hidalgo borough of Mexico City, to the northwest of the city centre. It lies along Line 2.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Plaza Galerias Pachuca", "paragraph_text": "Plaza Galerias Pachuca is a two-story shopping mall in the city of Pachuca, capital of the state of Hidalgo, Mexico.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 11785, "question": "In which city do Hidalgo's remains lie?", "answer": "Mexico City.", "paragraph_support_idx": 7 }, { "id": 19219, "question": "What is the GDP of #1 ?", "answer": "$390 billion", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Finedon railway station", "paragraph_text": "Finedon railway station was built by the Midland Railway in 1857 on its extension from Leicester to Bedford and Hitchin.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Darmstadt Nord station", "paragraph_text": "The Darmstadt Nord station building was built from 1909 to 1912 as part of the realignment of the railways around Darmstadt to serve the employees of the Merck company. The listed station, was built in a traditional style of architecture typical of the early 20th century, according to the design of the head of planning of the Railway divisions of Mainz (a joint division of the Prussian state railways and the Grand Duchy of Hesse State Railways), Frederick Mettegang. The entrance building is at ground level and is built above the tracks and is connected by stairs to its two platforms. The southern platform canopy is built out of iron in a neoclassical design from the early years of the railway in Darmstadt. It comes from an unknown station and was rebuilt at the new Darmstadt Nord Station.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "British Rail 18100", "paragraph_text": "British Rail 18100 was a prototype main line gas turbine-electric locomotive built for British Railways in 1951 by Metropolitan-Vickers, Manchester. It had, however, been ordered by the Great Western Railway in the 1940s, but construction was delayed due to World War II. It spent its working life on the Western Region of British Railways, operating express passenger services from Paddington station, London.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Railway electrification system", "paragraph_text": "There has, however, been interest among railroad operators in returning to DC use at higher voltages than previously used. At the same voltage, DC often has less loss than AC, and for this reason high-voltage direct current is already used on some bulk power transmission lines. DC avoids the electromagnetic radiation inherent with AC, and on a railway this also reduces interference with signalling and communications and mitigates hypothetical EMF risks. DC also avoids the power factor problems of AC. Of particular interest to railroading is that DC can supply constant power with a single ungrounded wire. Constant power with AC requires three-phase transmission with at least two ungrounded wires. Another important consideration is that mains-frequency 3-phase AC must be carefully planned to avoid unbalanced phase loads. Parts of the system are supplied from different phases on the assumption that the total loads of the 3 phases will even out. At the phase break points between regions supplied from different phases, long insulated supply breaks are required to avoid them being shorted by rolling stock using more than one pantograph at a time. A few railroads have tried 3-phase but its substantial complexity has made single-phase standard practice despite the interruption in power flow that occurs twice every cycle. An experimental 6 kV DC railway was built in the Soviet Union.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Nanjing", "paragraph_text": "In 1937, the Empire of Japan started a full-scale invasion of China after invading Manchuria in 1931, beginning the Second Sino-Japanese War (often considered a theatre of World War II). Their troops occupied Nanjing in December and carried out the systematic and brutal Nanking Massacre (the \"Rape of Nanking\"). Even children, the elderly, and nuns are reported to have suffered at the hands of the Imperial Japanese Army. The total death toll, including estimates made by the International Military Tribunal for the Far East and the Nanjing War Crimes Tribunal, was between 300,000 and 350,000. The city itself was also severely damaged during the massacre. The Nanjing Massacre Memorial Hall was built in 1985 to commemorate this event.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "New Delhi is a major junction in the Indian railway network and is the headquarters of the Northern Railway. The five main railway stations are New Delhi railway station, Old Delhi, Nizamuddin Railway Station, Anand Vihar Railway Terminal and Sarai Rohilla. The Delhi Metro, a mass rapid transit system built and operated by Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC), serves many parts of Delhi and the neighbouring cities Faridabad, Gurgaon, Noida and Ghaziabad. As of August 2011, the metro consists of six operational lines with a total length of 189 km (117 mi) and 146 stations, and several other lines are under construction. It carries millions of passengers every day. In addition to the Delhi Metro, a suburban railway, the Delhi Suburban Railway exists.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Steam engine", "paragraph_text": "The first full-scale working railway steam locomotive was built by Richard Trevithick in the United Kingdom and, on 21 February 1804, the world's first railway journey took place as Trevithick's unnamed steam locomotive hauled a train along the tramway from the Pen-y-darren ironworks, near Merthyr Tydfil to Abercynon in south Wales. The design incorporated a number of important innovations that included using high-pressure steam which reduced the weight of the engine and increased its efficiency. Trevithick visited the Newcastle area later in 1804 and the colliery railways in north-east England became the leading centre for experimentation and development of steam locomotives.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Keadby railway station", "paragraph_text": "The original Keadby railway station was the eastern-most terminus of the South Yorkshire Railway. The railway, which was extended from Thorne and opened in September 1859 was built without an Act of Parliament, as the railway company owned the canal alongside which they built the line.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Modern history", "paragraph_text": "It is possible that around 62 million people died in the war; estimates vary greatly. About 60% of all casualties were civilians, who died as a result of disease, starvation, genocide (in particular, the Holocaust), and aerial bombing. The former Soviet Union and China suffered the most casualties. Estimates place deaths in the Soviet Union at around 23 million, while China suffered about 10 million. No country lost a greater portion of its population than Poland: approximately 5.6 million, or 16%, of its pre-war population of 34.8 million died.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 9, "title": "French Fourth Republic", "paragraph_text": "The French Fourth Republic () was the republican government of France between 1946 and 1958, governed by the fourth republican constitution. It was in many ways a revival of the Third Republic that was in place from 1870 during the Franco-Prussian War to 1940 during World War II, and suffered many of the same problems. France adopted the constitution of the Fourth Republic on 13 October 1946.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Where the Corpses Sink Forever", "paragraph_text": "Where the Corpses Sink Forever is the third studio album by the Dutch symphonic black metal band Carach Angren. It was released on May 18, 2012 via Season of Mist. The concept of this album is not about a Dutch urban legend or ghost stories, like the previous two albums, but it deals with war. The album contains references to World Wars I and II, as well as the Vietnam War. The first track is a tape recording of a soldier who was ordered to shoot seven prisoners of war, and each shot can be heard. The soldier explains the strange and wicked sensations he felt as he shot each of the prisoners; they were grinning happily as he tried to kill them, and it seemed like the shots went through them, but they were actually demons who captured the soldier's soul in a time loop, making him suffer for eternity. Many of the songs in this album describe the deeds of each of the seven fiends; death, war, suffering.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Railway electrification system", "paragraph_text": "In the UK, the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway pioneered overhead electrification of its suburban lines in London, London Bridge to Victoria being opened to traffic on 1 December 1909. Victoria to Crystal Palace via Balham and West Norwood opened in May 1911. Peckham Rye to West Norwood opened in June 1912. Further extensions were not made owing to the First World War. Two lines opened in 1925 under the Southern Railway serving Coulsdon North and Sutton railway station. The lines were electrified at 6.7 kV 25 Hz. It was announced in 1926 that all lines were to be converted to DC third rail and the last overhead electric service ran in September 1929.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "VHF Records", "paragraph_text": "VHF Records is an American record label, known for their extensive work with several major experimental artists. The label is based in the Washington, DC suburb of Fairfax, Va., and it initially focused on indie and experimental bands from that region. The label has since branched out to release innovative and offbeat music from around the world, although Northern Virginia artists are still prominently featured in the catalog.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "The Death of Superman (film)", "paragraph_text": "The Death of Superman is an upcoming animated superhero film produced by Warner Bros. Animation and DC Entertainment. It is based on the DC Comics comic book storyline of the same name. The film, which chronicles the battle between Superman (Jerry O'Connell) and Doomsday, will be the 32nd installment in the DC Universe Animated Original Movies line and the 11th film in the DC Animated Movie Universe. The Death of Superman will be released August 7, 2018. A sequel, Reign of the Supermen, will be released in 2019.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Detroit", "paragraph_text": "Numerous men from Detroit volunteered to fight for the Union during the American Civil War, including the 24th Michigan Infantry Regiment (part of the legendary Iron Brigade), which fought with distinction and suffered 82% casualties at the Battle of Gettysburg in 1863. When the First Volunteer Infantry Regiment arrived to fortify Washington, DC, President Abraham Lincoln is quoted as saying \"Thank God for Michigan!\" George Armstrong Custer led the Michigan Brigade during the Civil War and called them the \"Wolverines\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Salzwedel station", "paragraph_text": "Salzwedel station was built in 1870 during the construction of the Stendal–Uelzen railway (part of the America Line from Berlin to Bremen and Bremerhaven) by the Magdeburg-Halberstadt Railway Company. Railways formerly ran in seven directions from Salzwedel station or Salzwedel Neustadt station (which lay to the immediate east), as the table below shows. A locomotive depot (Bahnbetriebswerk) was built directly next to it in order to service these routes. During the Second World War, the station area was destroyed in an air raid on 22 February 1945, which caused about 300 deaths. Of the seven lines, only the Stendal–Uelzen railway remain. During the division of Germany the line was cut at the border, but continuous operations were restored on 19 December 1999. It has been extensively modernised since reunification and electrified so that it can be used an alternative route for Intercity-Express train from Berlin to Hamburg.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "LMS diesel shunter 7050", "paragraph_text": "LMS diesel shunter 7050 is an experimental 0-4-0 diesel-mechanical shunting locomotive, introduced by the London Midland and Scottish Railway (LMSR) in 1934 and which remained in service with that railway for six years. It was later acquired for military use and is now preserved at the National Railway Museum.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Somerset", "paragraph_text": "Many Somerset soldiers died during the First World War, with the Somerset Light Infantry suffering nearly 5,000 casualties. War memorials were put up in most of the county's towns and villages; only nine, described as the Thankful Villages, had none of their residents killed. During the Second World War the county was a base for troops preparing for the D-Day landings. Some of the hospitals which were built for the casualties of the war remain in use. The Taunton Stop Line was set up to repel a potential German invasion. The remains of its pill boxes can still be seen along the coast, and south through Ilminster and Chard.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Kilburn High Road railway station", "paragraph_text": "Kilburn High Road railway station is a London Overground station on the London Euston to Watford DC Line near the south end of the Kilburn High Road, London NW6 in the London Borough of Camden.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "GER Class 127", "paragraph_text": "The GER Class 127 was a class of a solitary experimental 0-6-0 compound steam locomotive built by the Great Eastern Railway at its Stratford Works in 1888. It was rebuilt as a simple locomotive in 1895, and withdrawn in 1913.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 32290, "question": "Where was an experimental 6kV DC railway built?", "answer": "the Soviet Union", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 }, { "id": 33301, "question": "How many deaths did #1 suffer in the war?", "answer": "23 million", "paragraph_support_idx": 8 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Child labour", "paragraph_text": "In developing countries, with high poverty and poor schooling opportunities, child labour is still prevalent. In 2010, sub-saharan Africa had the highest incidence rates of child labour, with several African nations witnessing over 50 percent of children aged 5–14 working. Worldwide agriculture is the largest employer of child labour. Vast majority of child labour is found in rural settings and informal urban economy; children are predominantly employed by their parents, rather than factories. Poverty and lack of schools are considered as the primary cause of child labour.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Education in Sweden", "paragraph_text": "Education in Sweden is mandatory for all children between age 7 and age 16. The school year in Sweden runs from mid / late August to early / mid June. The Christmas holiday from mid December to early January divides the Swedish school year into two terms. Homeschooling is closely supervised by the government and very limited.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Flooded engine", "paragraph_text": "A flooded engine is an internal combustion engine that has been fed an excessively rich air - fuel mixture that can not be ignited. This is caused by the mixture exceeding the upper explosive limit for the particular fuel. An engine in this condition will not start until the excessively rich mixture has been cleared. It is also possible for an engine to stall from a running state due to this condition.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Child labour", "paragraph_text": "The Victorian era in particular became notorious for the conditions under which children were employed. Children as young as four were employed in production factories and mines working long hours in dangerous, often fatal, working conditions. In coal mines, children would crawl through tunnels too narrow and low for adults. Children also worked as errand boys, crossing sweepers, shoe blacks, or selling matches, flowers and other cheap goods. Some children undertook work as apprentices to respectable trades, such as building or as domestic servants (there were over 120,000 domestic servants in London in the mid-18th century). Working hours were long: builders worked 64 hours a week in summer and 52 in winter, while domestic servants worked 80 hour weeks.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Child labour", "paragraph_text": "Similarly, in 1996, member countries of the European Union, per Directive 94/33/EC, agreed to a number of exceptions for young people in its child labour laws. Under these rules, children of various ages may work in cultural, artistic, sporting or advertising activities if authorised by the competent authority. Children above the age of 13 may perform light work for a limited number of hours per week in other economic activities as defined at the discretion of each country. Additionally, the European law exception allows children aged 14 years or over to work as part of a work/training scheme. The EU Directive clarified that these exceptions do not allow child labour where the children may experience harmful exposure to dangerous substances. Nonetheless, many children under the age of 13 do work, even in the most developed countries of the EU. For instance, a recent study showed over a third of Dutch twelve-year-old kids had a job, the most common being babysitting.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Sparkle Friends", "paragraph_text": "Sparkle Friends is a New Zealand animated series produced by Mukpuddy Animation for New Zealand's long running children's show, \"What Now\". The series stars the \"What Now\" presenters as children and a creature named Gun-gi, who vomits gunge, something that features heavily in \"What Now\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Eritrea", "paragraph_text": "Eritrea has achieved significant improvements in health care and is one of the few countries to be on target to meet its Millennium Development Goal (MDG) targets in health, in particular child health. Life expectancy at birth has increased from 39.1 in 1960 to 59.5 years in 2008, maternal and child mortality rates have dropped dramatically and the health infrastructure has been expanded. Due to Eritrea's relative isolation, information and resources are extremely limited and according to the World Health Organisation (WHO) found in 2008 average life expectancy to be slightly less than 63 years. Immunisation and child nutrition has been tackled by working closely with schools in a multi-sectoral approach; the number of children vaccinated against measles almost doubled in seven years, from 40.7% to 78.5% and the underweight prevalence among children decreased by 12% in 1995–2002 (severe underweight prevalence by 28%). The National Malaria Protection Unit of the Ministry of Health has registered tremendous improvements in reducing malarial mortality by as much as 85% and the number of cases by 92% between 1998 and 2006. The Eritrean government has banned female genital mutilation (FGM), saying the practice was painful and put women at risk of life-threatening health problems.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Child labour", "paragraph_text": "The first legal steps taken to end the occurrence of child labour was enacted more than fifty years ago. In 1966, the nation adopted the UN General Assembly of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. This act legally limited the minimum age for when children could start work at the age of 14. But 23 years later in 1989 the Convention on the Rights of Children was adopted and helped to reduce the exploitation of children and demanded safe working environments. They all worked towards the goal of ending the most problematic forms of child labour.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Modern history", "paragraph_text": "The creation of a modern industrial economy took place. With the creation of a transportation and communication infrastructure, the corporation became the dominant form of business organization and a managerial revolution transformed business operations. In 1890, Congress passed the Sherman Antitrust Act—the source of all American anti-monopoly laws. The law forbade every contract, scheme, deal, or conspiracy to restrain trade, though the phrase \"restraint of trade\" remained subjective. By the beginning of the 20th century, per capita income and industrial production in the United States exceeded that of any other country except Britain. Long hours and hazardous working conditions led many workers to attempt to form labor unions despite strong opposition from industrialists and the courts. But the courts did protect the marketplace, declaring the Standard Oil group to be an \"unreasonable\" monopoly under the Sherman Antitrust Act in 1911. It ordered Standard to break up into 34 independent companies with different boards of directors.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Galați steel works", "paragraph_text": "The Galați steel works (), formally ArcelorMittal Galați and formerly Sidex Galați, is a steel mill in Galaţi, Romania, the country's largest.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Valencia", "paragraph_text": "The third largest city in Spain and the 24th most populous municipality in the European Union, Valencia has a population of 809,267 within its administrative limits on a land area of 134.6 km2 (52 sq mi). The urban area of Valencia extending beyond the administrative city limits has a population of between 1,561,000 and 1,564,145. 1,705,742 or 2,300,000 or 2,516,818 people live in the Valencia metropolitan area. Between 2007 and 2008 there was a 14% increase in the foreign born population with the largest numeric increases by country being from Bolivia, Romania and Italy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "USS Oliver Hazard Perry", "paragraph_text": "USS \"Oliver Hazard Perry\" (FFG-7), lead ship of the of guided-missile frigates, was named for Oliver Hazard Perry, American naval hero, who was victorious at the 1813 Battle of Lake Erie. \"Oliver Hazard Perry\" (FFG-7) was the first ship and, as of 2015, the only ship of that name in the U.S. Navy. \"Oliver Hazard Perry\" was in service from 1977 to 1997 and was scrapped in 2005.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Lead paint", "paragraph_text": "In Canada, regulations were first enacted under the Hazardous Products Act in 1976 that limited lead content of paints and other liquid coatings on furniture, household products, children's products, and exterior and interior surfaces of any building frequented by children to 0.5% by weight. New regulations on surface coating materials, which came into force in 2005, further limit lead to its background level for both interior and exterior paints sold to consumers. Canadian paint manufacturers have been conforming to this background level in their interior and exterior consumer paints since 1991. Nevertheless, a Canadian company, Dominion Colour Corporation, is ``the largest manufacturer of lead - based paint pigments in the world ''and has faced public criticism for obtaining permission from the European Chemicals Agency to continue to export lead chromate paints from its Dutch subsidiary to countries where its uses are not tightly regulated.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Planting Peace", "paragraph_text": "Planting Peace was founded in 2003 by American Aaron Jackson and Haitian John Louis Dieubon. While on a relief trip to Haiti, Jackson saw the poor living conditions of many of the country's children, and decided to open an orphanage for street children in Haiti. In 2004, they opened a home for seven children in Port-au-Prince. As of 2013, Planting Peace is operating four orphanages in Haiti and two in India.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Stevens–Johnson syndrome", "paragraph_text": "SJS is a rare condition, with a reported incidence of around 2.6 to 6.1 cases per million people per year. In the United States, about 300 new diagnoses are made each year. The condition is more common in adults than in children.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Child labour", "paragraph_text": "Home-based manufacturing operations were active year round. Families willingly deployed their children in these income generating home enterprises. In many cases, men worked from home. In France, over 58 percent of garment workers operated out of their homes; in Germany, the number of full-time home operations nearly doubled between 1882 and 1907; and in the United States, millions of families operated out of home seven days a week, year round to produce garments, shoes, artificial flowers, feathers, match boxes, toys, umbrellas and other products. Children aged 5–14 worked alongside the parents. Home-based operations and child labour in Australia, Britain, Austria and other parts of the world was common. Rural areas similarly saw families deploying their children in agriculture. In 1946, Frieda Miller - then Director of United States Department of Labour - told the International Labour Organisation that these home-based operations offered, \"low wages, long hours, child labour, unhealthy and insanitary working conditions.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Child labour", "paragraph_text": "Small-scale artisanal mining of gold is another source of dangerous child labour in poor rural areas in certain parts of the world. This form of mining uses labour-intensive and low-tech methods. It is informal sector of the economy. Human Rights Watch group estimates that about 12 percent of global gold production comes from artisanal mines. In west Africa, in countries such as Mali - the third largest exporter of gold in Africa - between 20,000 and 40,000 children work in artisanal mining. Locally known as orpaillage, children as young as 6 years old work with their families. These children and families suffer chronic exposure to toxic chemicals including mercury, and do hazardous work such as digging shafts and working underground, pulling up, carrying and crushing the ore. The poor work practices harm the long term health of children, as well as release hundreds of tons of mercury every year into local rivers, ground water and lakes. Gold is important to the economy of Mali and Ghana. For Mali, it is the second largest earner of its export revenue. For many poor families with children, it is the primary and sometimes the only source of income.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Child labour", "paragraph_text": "The cocoa industry was accused of profiting from child slavery and trafficking. The European Cocoa Association dismissed these accusations as \"false and excessive\" and the industry said the reports were not representative of all areas. Later the industry acknowledged the working conditions for children were unsatisfactory and children's rights were sometimes violated and acknowledged the claims could not be ignored. In a BBC interview, the ambassador for Ivory Coast to the United Kingdom called these reports of widespread use of slave child labour by 700,000 cocoa farmers as absurd and inaccurate.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "PEN/Faulkner Award for Fiction", "paragraph_text": "The PEN/Faulkner Award for Fiction is awarded annually by the PEN/Faulkner Foundation to the authors of the year's best works of fiction by living American citizens. The winner receives US $15,000 and each of four runners-up receives US $5000. Finalists read from their works at the presentation ceremony in the Great Hall of the Folger Shakespeare Library in Washington, D.C.. The organization claims it to be \"the largest peer-juried award in the country.\" The award was first given in 1981.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Child labour in India", "paragraph_text": "As per the Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986, amended in 2016 (``CLPR Act ''), a`` Child'' is defined as any person below the age of 14 and the CLPR Act prohibits employment of a Child in any employment including as a domestic help. It is a cognizable criminal offence to employ a Child for any work. Children between age of 14 and 18 are defined as ``Adolescent ''and the law allows Adolescent to be employed except in the listed hazardous occupation and processes which include mining, inflammable substance and explosives related work and any other hazardous process as per the Factories Act, 1948. In 2001, an estimated 1% of all child workers, or about 120,000 children in India were in a hazardous job. Notably, the Constitution of India prohibits child labour in hazardous industries (but not in non-hazardous industries) as a Fundamental Right under Article 24. UNICEF estimates that India with its larger population, has the highest number of labourers in the world under 14 years of age, while sub-Saharan African countries have the highest percentage of children who are deployed as child labourers. The International Labour Organisation estimates that agriculture, at 60 percent, is the largest employer of child labour in the world, while the United Nation's Food and Agriculture Organisation estimates 70% of child labour is deployed in agriculture and related activities. Outside of agriculture, child labour is observed in almost all informal sectors of the Indian economy.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 162075, "question": "What country was the largest of these creatures from?", "answer": "Brazil", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 24472, "question": "What year was hazardous working conditions limited to children in #1 ?", "answer": "1998", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Office of Refugee Resettlement", "paragraph_text": "The Office of Refugee Resettlement was officially established with the passage of the Refugee Act of 1980. It was created in ``an attempt to design a coherent and comprehensive refugee admission and resettlement policy ''. The act (a) gave recognition to the Office of the U.S. Coordinator for Refugee Affairs, which was given authority over the development of U.S.`` refugee admission and resettlement policy'', and (b) established the Office of Refugee Resettlement (ORR) within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, which was given the authority to provide grants with nonprofits for resettlement services (including training and healthcare), and reimbursed states for efforts undertaken within the first three years of a refugee's living in the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Greek government-debt crisis", "paragraph_text": "The Greek crisis started in late 2009, triggered by the turmoil of the Great Recession, structural weaknesses in the Greek economy, and revelations that previous data on government debt levels and deficits had been underreported by the Greek government.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Inniscarra Dam", "paragraph_text": "Inniscarra Dam is a buttress dam located on the River Lee in County Cork, Ireland. Construction of the dam started in February 1953. It is owned and operated by the ESB Group. It has a generation capacity of 19 MW.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Ulyanovsk Oblast", "paragraph_text": "Ulyanovsk Oblast (Russian: Улья́новская о́бласть, Ulyanovskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). It is located in the Volga Federal District. Its administrative center is the city of Ulyanovsk. Population: 1,292,799 (2010 Census).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Israel", "paragraph_text": "Some new immigrants arrived as refugees with no possessions and were housed in temporary camps known as ma'abarot; by 1952, over 200,000 immigrants were living in these tent cities. During this period, food, clothes and furniture had to be rationed in what became known as the Austerity Period. The need to solve the crisis led Ben-Gurion to sign a reparations agreement with West Germany that triggered mass protests by Jews angered at the idea that Israel could accept monetary compensation for the Holocaust.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Liberia", "paragraph_text": "The rebels soon split into various factions fighting one another. The Economic Community Monitoring Group under the Economic Community of West African States organized a military task force to intervene in the crisis. From 1989 to 1996 one of Africa's bloodiest civil wars ensued, claiming the lives of more than 200,000 Liberians and displacing a million others into refugee camps in neighboring countries. A peace deal between warring parties was reached in 1995, leading to Taylor's election as president in 1997.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Tanzania", "paragraph_text": "Several commentators have suggested that if the liquidity crisis continues, an extended recession or worse could occur. The continuing development of the crisis has prompted fears of a global economic collapse although there are now many cautiously optimistic forecasters in addition to some prominent sources who remain negative. The financial crisis is likely to yield the biggest banking shakeout since the savings-and-loan meltdown. Investment bank UBS stated on October 6 that 2008 would see a clear global recession, with recovery unlikely for at least two years. Three days later UBS economists announced that the \"beginning of the end\" of the crisis had begun, with the world starting to make the necessary actions to fix the crisis: capital injection by governments; injection made systemically; interest rate cuts to help borrowers. The United Kingdom had started systemic injection, and the world's central banks were now cutting interest rates. UBS emphasized the United States needed to implement systemic injection. UBS further emphasized that this fixes only the financial crisis, but that in economic terms \"the worst is still to come\". UBS quantified their expected recession durations on October 16: the Eurozone's would last two quarters, the United States' would last three quarters, and the United Kingdom's would last four quarters. The economic crisis in Iceland involved all three of the country's major banks. Relative to the size of its economy, Iceland’s banking collapse is the largest suffered by any country in economic history.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Molmys River", "paragraph_text": "Molmys River () is a river in Perm Krai, Russia, a left tributary of the Yazva River. It is long, and the area of its drainage basin is . It starts on the southeastern slope of Mount Vogulsky Kamen, in the middle part of the Kvarkush mountain range. It flows through the southeastern portion of Krasnovishersky District, its mouth located upstream of the settlement Krasnyi Bereg. There are many rapids throughout the river, and the bottom is rocky.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Tolyatti", "paragraph_text": "The construction of the Kuybyshev Dam and Hydroelectric Station on the Volga River in the 1950s created the Kuybyshev Reservoir, which covered the existing location of the city, and it was completely rebuilt on a new site. In 1964, the city was renamed Tolyatti (after Palmiro Togliatti, the longest-serving secretary of the Italian Communist Party).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Viking Truvor", "paragraph_text": "The Viking Truvor () (formerly Sergey Kirov) is a \"Dmitriy Furmanov\"-class (302, BiFa129M) Soviet/Russian river cruise ship, cruising in the Volga – Neva basin. The ship was built by VEB Elbewerften Boizenburg/Roßlau at their shipyard in Boizenburg, East Germany, and entered service in 1987. Her home port is currently Saint Petersburg.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Nizhny Novgorod", "paragraph_text": "The city is an important economic, transportation, scientific, educational and cultural center in Russia and the vast Volga-Vyatka economic region, and is the main center of river tourism in Russia. In the historic part of the city there is a large number of universities, theaters, museums and churches. Nizhny Novgorod is located about 400 km (250 mi) east of Moscow, where the Oka River empties into the Volga. Population: 1,250,619 (2010 Census); 1,311,252 (2002 Census); 1,438,133 (1989 Census).The city was founded in 4 February 1221 by Prince Yuri II of Vladimir. In 1612 Kuzma Minin and Prince Dmitry Pozharsky organized an army for the liberation of Moscow from the Poles. In 1817 Nizhny Novgorod became a great trade center of the Russian Empire. In 1896 at a fair, an All-Russia Exhibition was organized. During the Soviet period, the city turned into an important industrial center. In particular, the Gorky Automobile Plant was constructed in this period. Then the city was given the nickname \"Russian Detroit\". During World War II, Gorky became the biggest provider of military equipment to the Eastern Front. Due to this, the Luftwaffe constantly bombed the city from the air. The majority of the German bombs fell in the area of the Gorky Automobile Plant. Although almost all the production sites of the plant were completely destroyed, the citizens of Gorky reconstructed the factory after 100 days.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Nansen Refugee Award", "paragraph_text": "The UNHCR Nansen Refugee Award is awarded annually by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) to an individual, group, or organization in recognition of outstanding service to the cause of refugees, displaced or stateless people. It was established in 1954.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Dubna River (Volga basin)", "paragraph_text": "Dubna () is a river in Vladimir Oblast and Moscow Oblast in Russia, a right tributary of the Volga. The length of the river is 167 kilometres. The area of its basin is 5,350 km². Its largest tributary is the Sestra River. The town of Dubna is located at the confluence of the Dubna and Volga rivers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Nong Samet Refugee Camp", "paragraph_text": "Nong Samet Refugee Camp (, also known as 007, Rithisen or Rithysen), located in Nong Samet Village, Khok Sung District, Sa Kaeo Province, Thailand, was one of the largest refugee camps on the Thai-Cambodian border and served as a power base for the Khmer People's National Liberation Front (KPNLF) until its destruction by the Vietnamese military in late 1984.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Yaroslavl", "paragraph_text": "Yaroslavl () is a city and the administrative center of Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia, located northeast of Moscow. The historic part of the city, a World Heritage Site, is located at the confluence of the Volga and the Kotorosl Rivers. It is one of the Golden Ring cities, a group of historic cities northeast of Moscow that have played an important role in Russian history. In 2010, the city had a population of 591,486.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Tanzania", "paragraph_text": "Krugman's contention (that the growth of a commercial real estate bubble indicates that U.S. housing policy was not the cause of the crisis) is challenged by additional analysis. After researching the default of commercial loans during the financial crisis, Xudong An and Anthony B. Sanders reported (in December 2010): \"We find limited evidence that substantial deterioration in CMBS [commercial mortgage-backed securities] loan underwriting occurred prior to the crisis.\" Other analysts support the contention that the crisis in commercial real estate and related lending took place after the crisis in residential real estate. Business journalist Kimberly Amadeo reports: \"The first signs of decline in residential real estate occurred in 2006. Three years later, commercial real estate started feeling the effects. Denice A. Gierach, a real estate attorney and CPA, wrote:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Skhodnya River", "paragraph_text": "Skhodnya River (), also known as Sukhodnya, Vkhodnya, Vykhodnya and Vskhodnya is a river in the northwest of Moscow, the second largest tributary (after the Yauza River) of the Moskva River. The length of the Skhodnya is 47 km (5 km in Moscow proper). The area of its basin is 17,2 km² (within the city). The Skhodnya originates near the village of Alabushevo (part of Zelenograd) and flows into the Moskva River near the Tushino Airfield. The Skhodnya River is connected with a derivational canal, which supplies water from the Volga River through the Khimki Reservoir (with the help of the Skhodnenskaya hydroelectric plant) to Moscow for sanitary irrigation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Dubna River (Volga basin)", "paragraph_text": "Dubna (Russian: Дубна) is a river in Vladimir Oblast and Moscow Oblast in Russia, a right tributary of the Volga. The length of the river is 167 kilometres. The area of its basin is 5,350 km². Its largest tributary is the Sestra River. The town of Dubna is located at the confluence of the Dubna and Volga rivers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Juan José Castelli, Chaco", "paragraph_text": "Juan José Castelli (usually abbreviated to Castelli) is a town in the province of Chaco, Argentina. It is located 274 km from the provincial capital Resistencia and has about 27,000 inhabitants as per the . It is the head town of the General Güemes Department. Its population is mainly of Volga German descent.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "1793 Philadelphia yellow fever epidemic", "paragraph_text": "In the spring of 1793, French colonial refugees, some with slaves, arrived from Cap Français, Saint - Domingue. The 2,000 immigrants were fleeing the slave revolution in the north of the island. They crowded the port of Philadelphia, where the first yellow fever epidemic in 30 years began in the city in August. It is likely that the refugees and ships carried the yellow fever virus and mosquitoes. It is transmitted during mosquito bites. The mosquitoes easily breed in small amounts of standing water. The medical community and others in 1793 did not understand the role of mosquitoes in the transmission of yellow fever and other diseases. Physicians and other survivors of the epidemic wrote extensively about it trying to learn from the crisis.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 162184, "question": "In what continent is the Volga River located?", "answer": "Europe", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 90692, "question": "when did the refugee crisis in #1 start", "answer": "2015", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah", "paragraph_text": "The major part of the shooting is done in Mumbai. However, some parts of the show have also been shot in places such as Gujarat, New Delhi, Goa and in foreign locations such as London, Brussels, Paris and Hong Kong.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "New Delhi has a population of 249,998. Hindi and Punjabi are the most widely spoken languages in New Delhi and the lingua franca of the city. English is primarily used as the formal language by business and government institutes. New Delhi has a literacy rate of 89.38% according to 2011 census, which is highest in Delhi.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "With a total area of 42.7 km2 (16.5 sq mi), New Delhi forms a small part of the Delhi metropolitan area. Because the city is located on the Indo-Gangetic Plain, there is little difference in elevation across the city. New Delhi and surrounding areas were once a part of the Aravalli Range; all that is left of those mountains is the Delhi Ridge, which is also called the Lungs of Delhi. While New Delhi lies on the floodplains of the Yamuna River, it is essentially a landlocked city. East of the river is the urban area of Shahdara. New Delhi falls under the seismic zone-IV, making it vulnerable to earthquakes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Delhi Institute of Tool Engineering", "paragraph_text": "Delhi Institute of Tool Engineering (DITE) is a Delhi State Government Engineering college located in the Wazirpur Industrial Area of New Delhi, India.It has a new and specialized programme Mechatronics and Tool Engineering.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Delhi Sultanate", "paragraph_text": "The Delhi Sultanate (Persian: دهلی سلطان, Urdu: دہلی سلطنت ‬) was a Muslim sultanate based mostly in Delhi that stretched over large parts of the Indian subcontinent for 320 years (1206 -- 1526). Five dynasties ruled over the Delhi Sultanate sequentially: the Mamluk dynasty (1206 -- 90), the Khalji dynasty (1290 -- 1320), the Tughlaq dynasty (1320 -- 1414), the Sayyid dynasty (1414 -- 51), and the Lodi dynasty (1451 -- 1526). The sultanate is noted for being one of the few states to repel an attack by the Mongol Empire, and enthroned one of the few female rulers in Islamic history, Razia Sultana, who reigned from 1236 to 1240.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Delhi", "paragraph_text": "The States Reorganisation Act, 1956 and the States Reorganisation Act, 1956 created the Union Territory of Delhi from the its predecessor the Chief Commissioner's Province of Delhi. The Constitution (Sixty - ninth Amendment) Act, 1991 declared the Union Territory of Delhi to be formally known as the National Capital Territory of Delhi. The Act gave Delhi its own legislative assembly along Civil lines, though with limited powers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "New Delhi metro station", "paragraph_text": "New Delhi is a station on the Yellow Line of the Delhi Metro. It is within walking distance from the Indian Railways New Delhi station. It is on the Ajmeri Gate (Platform Number 16) side of the New Delhi Railway Station.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "List of wars involving the United States", "paragraph_text": "War in North - West Pakistan (2004 -- present) Part of the War on Terror Location: Pakistan Airstrike on insurgent forces in Pakistan. United States Tehrik - i - Taliban Pakistan al - Qaeda Lashkar - e-Jhangvi Lashkar - e-Islam Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan East Turkestan Islamic Movement Tehreek - e-Shariat Alleged Supported by: Pakistan Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant Ongoing Drone strikes being conducted by the United States Jundallah, Tehreek - e-Khilafat, and the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan join ISIL", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Töss Monastery", "paragraph_text": "Töss Monastery was a community of Dominican nuns located in the former Swiss city of Töss, now a part of Winterthur. Nothing of the original buildings exists today.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Toni (1935 film)", "paragraph_text": "Toni is a 1935 French drama film directed by Jean Renoir and starring Charles Blavette, Celia Montalván and Édouard Delmont. It is an early example of the casting of non-professional actors and on-location shooting - both of which would influence the Left Bank of the French New Wave movement. Examining the romantic interactions between a group of immigrants (both from abroad and other parts of France) working around a quarry and a farm in Provence, it is also generally considered a major precursor to the Italian neorealist movement. Luchino Visconti, one of the founding members of the later film movement, was assistant director on the film. It was based out of Marcel Pagnol's studios in Marseille and shot entirely on location in the South of France.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "Although colloquially Delhi and New Delhi as names are used interchangeably to refer to the jurisdiction of NCT of Delhi, these are two distinct entities, and the latter is a small part of the former.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Mrinal Sen", "paragraph_text": "After making five more films, he made a film with a shoestring budget provided by the Government of India. This film, Bhuvan Shome (Mr. Shome, 1969), finally launched him as a major filmmaker, both nationally and internationally. Bhuvan Shome also initiated the \"New Cinema\" film movement in India.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 12, "title": "List of districts of Delhi", "paragraph_text": "Sl.No. District Headquarter Sub divisions (Tehsils) New Delhi Connaught Place Chanakyapuri Delhi Cantonment Vasant Vihar North Delhi Narela Model Town Narela Alipur North West Delhi Kanjhawala Rohini Kanjhawala Saraswati Vihar West Delhi Rajouri Garden Patel Nagar Punjabi Bagh Rajouri Garden 5 South West Delhi Dwarka Dwarka Najafgarh Kapashera 6 South Delhi Saket Saket Hauz Khas Mehrauli 7 South East Delhi Defence Colony Defence Colony Kalkaji Sarita Vihar 8 Central Delhi Daryaganj Kotwali Civil Lines Karol Bagh 9 North East Delhi Seelampur Seelampur Yamuna Vihar Karawal Nagar 10 Shahdara Shahdara Shahdara Seemapuri Vivek Vihar 11 East Delhi Preet Vihar Gandhi Nagar Preet Vihar Mayur Vihar", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "51st state", "paragraph_text": "The Philippines has had small grassroots movements for U.S. statehood. Originally part of the platform of the Progressive Party, then known as the Federalista Party, the party dropped it in 1907, which coincided with the name change. As recently as 2004, the concept of the Philippines becoming a U.S. state has been part of a political platform in the Philippines. Supporters of this movement include Filipinos who believe that the quality of life in the Philippines would be higher and that there would be less poverty there if the Philippines were an American state or territory. Supporters also include Filipinos that had fought as members of the United States Armed Forces in various wars during the Commonwealth period.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Bhawan Bahadur Nagar", "paragraph_text": "Bhawan Bahadur Nagar (B. B. Nagar) is a town and a nagar panchayat in Bulandshahr district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India.It is also a part of the National Capital Region of Delhi. This town is near to Hapur District .", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Post-punk", "paragraph_text": "The original post-punk movement ended as the bands associated with the movement turned away from its aesthetics, often in favor of more commercial sounds. Many of these groups would continue recording as part of the new pop movement, with entryism becoming a popular concept. In the United States, driven by MTV and modern rock radio stations, a number of post-punk acts had an influence on or became part of the Second British Invasion of \"New Music\" there. Some shifted to a more commercial new wave sound (such as Gang of Four), while others were fixtures on American college radio and became early examples of alternative rock. Perhaps the most successful band to emerge from post-punk was U2, who combined elements of religious imagery together with political commentary into their often anthemic music.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Delhi, Wisconsin", "paragraph_text": "Delhi, Wisconsin is a ghost town in the town of Rushford, Winnebago County, Wisconsin, United States. It is located on County Highway E between Omro and Eureka at the junction of the Fox River and Waukau Creek. Delhi was also known as La Borde's Landing. 1980 census records identify Delhi as Island Park. Delhi had an established post office between 1850-1893.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Royal Oak Hotel", "paragraph_text": "The Royal Oak Hotel is a pub located in Balmain, a suburb in the inner west region of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The pub has historical links with the union movement and is one of a number of buildings which formed an integral part of the shipbuilding and industrial history of the local area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "New Delhi is governed through a municipal government, known as the New Delhi Municipal Council (NDMC). Other urban areas of the metropolis of Delhi are administered by the Municipal Corporation of Delhi (MCD). However, the entire metropolis of Delhi is commonly known as New Delhi in contrast to Old Delhi.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Gibney Beach", "paragraph_text": "Gibney Beach is a stretch of white sandy beach located on Hawksnest Bay on St John Island in the United States Virgin Islands. There is vibrant wildlife both on the beach and in the bay. The colonial history, the natives, the beatnik and hippie movements, and the locals of the island come together to form the original, bohemian character of the beach.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 160794, "question": "Where did this movement originate?", "answer": "India", "paragraph_support_idx": 11 }, { "id": 11098, "question": "In what part of #1 is Delhi located?", "answer": "the centre of northern India", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[ "India", "IND", "in", "IN" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Schreckhorn", "paragraph_text": "The Schreckhorn (4,078 m) is a mountain in the Bernese Alps. It is the highest peak located entirely in the canton of Berne. The Schreckhorn is the northernmost Alpine four-thousander and the northernmost summit rising above 4,000 metres in Europe.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Bern", "paragraph_text": "The city of Bern or Berne (German: Bern, pronounced [bɛrn] ( listen); French: Berne [bɛʁn]; Italian: Berna [ˈbɛrna]; Romansh: Berna [ˈbɛrnɐ] (help·info); Bernese German: Bärn [b̥æːrn]) is the de facto capital of Switzerland, referred to by the Swiss as their (e.g. in German) Bundesstadt, or \"federal city\".[note 1] With a population of 140,634 (November 2015), Bern is the fifth most populous city in Switzerland. The Bern agglomeration, which includes 36 municipalities, had a population of 406,900 in 2014. The metropolitan area had a population of 660,000 in 2000. Bern is also the capital of the Canton of Bern, the second most populous of Switzerland's cantons.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Klein Lauteraarhorn", "paragraph_text": "The Klein Lauteraarhorn (3,737 m) is a peak of the Bernese Alps, overlooking the Unteraar Glacier in the canton of Bern. It lies south of the Lauteraarhorn, on the range separating the Strahlegg Glacier from the Lauteraar Glacier, both tributaries of the Unteraar Glacier.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Hiendertelltihorn", "paragraph_text": "The Hiendertelltihorn is a mountain of the Bernese Alps, located west of Handegg in the canton of Bern. It lies between the Gauli Glacier and the Grueben Glacier.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Dent de Ruth", "paragraph_text": "The Dent de Ruth is a mountain in the Bernese Alps in Switzerland. The summit is the tripoint between the cantons of Vaud, Berne and Fribourg.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Scheuchzerhorn", "paragraph_text": "The Scheuchzerhorn is a mountain of the Bernese Alps, located west of the Grimsel Pass in the canton of Bern. It lies north-east of the Oberaarhorn, on the range separating the valley of the Unteraar Glacier from the valley of the Oberaar Glacier.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Bern", "paragraph_text": "In 1353 Bern joined the Swiss Confederacy, becoming one of the eight cantons of the formative period of 1353 to 1481. Bern invaded and conquered Aargau in 1415 and Vaud in 1536, as well as other smaller territories; thereby becoming the largest city-state north of the Alps, by the 18th century comprising most of what is today the canton of Bern and the canton of Vaud.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Bäderhorn", "paragraph_text": "The Bäderhorn (2,009 m) is a mountain of the Bernese Alps, located north of the Jaun Pass in the canton of Bern. It lies on the range between the valleys of Jaun and Simmental.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Gärstenhörner", "paragraph_text": "The Gärstenhörner is a mountain in the Urner Alps, located on the border between the Swiss cantons of Bern and Valais. It lies on the range west of the Rhone Glacier, and east of the Grimsel Pass. The Gärstenhörner has three summits: the Mittler Gärstenhorn (3,189 m), the Hinter Gärstenhorn (3,173 m) and the Vorder Gärstenhorn (3,167 m).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Güferhorn", "paragraph_text": "The Güferhorn is a mountain in the Lepontine Alps, located between the valleys of Vals and Hinterrhein in Graubünden. At 3,379 metres above sea level it is the highest summit of the Lepontine Alps lying east of the Rheinwaldhorn. The northern side of the massif is covered by the Güfergletscher, a 2 kilometres long glacier. It lies above 2,600 metres on the east side of a ridge starting at the summit of the Güferhorn and separating the valleys of Länta and Canaltal, both converging at the Zervreilasee, south of Vals.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Mont Bonvin", "paragraph_text": "Mont Bonvin is a mountain of the Bernese Alps, overlooking Crans-Montana in the Swiss canton of Valais. The border with the canton of Bern runs one kilometre north of the summit.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Bächlistock", "paragraph_text": "The Bächlistock is a mountain of the Bernese Alps, overlooking the Unteraar Glacier in the canton of Bern. Its summit has an elevation of 3,247 metres above sea level and is the tripoint between the glacier valleys of Hiendertelltigletscher, Bächligletscher and Unteraar.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Löffelhorn", "paragraph_text": "The Löffelhorn is a mountain of the Bernese Alps, located on the border between the Swiss cantons of Bern and Valais. It is part of the Aargrat, a range east of the Oberaarhorn that separates the valley of the Oberaar Glacier from the valley of Goms.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Gspaltenhorn", "paragraph_text": "The Gspaltenhorn is a mountain of the Bernese Alps, located between the valleys of Kiental and Lauterbrunnen in the canton of Bern. With an elevation of 3,436 metres above sea level, the Gspaltenhorn is the highest summit of the range lying north-east of the Gamchilück pass (2,837 m).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Wachthubel", "paragraph_text": "The Wachthubel (1,415 m) is a mountain of the Emmental Alps, located on the border between the Swiss cantons of Bern and Lucerne. The mountain is located between Schangnau and Marbach.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Birghorn", "paragraph_text": "The Birghorn is a mountain of the Bernese Alps, located on the border between the Swiss cantons of Bern and Valais. It lies on the range connecting the Lötschen Pass from the Tschingelhorn, separating the upper Gasterntal (Bernese Oberland) from the Lötschental (Valais).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Hockenhorn", "paragraph_text": "The Hockenhorn is a mountain of the Bernese Alps, located on the border between the Swiss cantons of Bern and Valais. Its summit is 3,293 metres high and lies between the upper Kandertal and the Lötschental. On its southern (Valais) side lies a glacier named \"Milibachgletscher\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Lauteraar Rothörner", "paragraph_text": "The Lauteraar Rothörner are a multi-summited mountain of the Bernese Alps, overlooking the Unteraar Glacier in the canton of Bern. They lie one kilometre south-east of the Hugihorn, on the range separating the Strahlegg Glacier from the Lauteraar Glacier, both tributaries of the Unteraar Glacier.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Ritzlihorn", "paragraph_text": "The Ritzlihorn (3,282 m) is a mountain of the Bernese Alps, overlooking Handegg in the canton of Bern. It lies on the range east of the Gauli Glacier and north of the Bächlistock.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Ebnefluh", "paragraph_text": "The Ebnefluh (also known as the Äbeni Flue and the Ebenefluh) (3,962 m) is a mountain of the Bernese Alps, located on the border between the Swiss cantons of Bern and Valais. It lies towards the eastern end of the Lauterbrunnen Wall.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 8162, "question": "Where is Bern located?", "answer": "Switzerland", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 }, { "id": 78265, "question": "how much of #1 is covered by the alps", "answer": "65%", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Rajasthan", "paragraph_text": "Rajasthani cooking was influenced by both the war-like lifestyles of its inhabitants and the availability of ingredients in this arid region. Food that could last for several days and could be eaten without heating was preferred. The scarcity of water and fresh green vegetables have all had their effect on the cooking. It is known for its snacks like Bikaneri Bhujia. Other famous dishes include bajre ki roti (millet bread) and lashun ki chutney (hot garlic paste), mawa kachori Mirchi Bada, Pyaaj Kachori and ghevar from Jodhpur, Alwar ka Mawa(Milk Cake), malpauas from Pushkar and rassgollas from Bikaner. Originating from the Marwar region of the state is the concept Marwari Bhojnalaya, or vegetarian restaurants, today found in many parts of India, which offer vegetarian food of the Marwari people. 4 Dal-Bati-Churma is very popular in Rajasthan. The traditional way to serve it is to first coarsely mash the Baati then pour pure Ghee on top of it. It is served with the daal (lentils) and spicy garlic chutney. Also served with Besan (gram flour) ki kadi. It is commonly served at all festivities, including religious occasions, wedding ceremonies, and birthday parties in Rajasthan. \"Dal-Baati-Churma\", is a combination of three different food items — Daal (lentils), Baati and Churma (Sweet). It is a typical Rajasthani dish.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Oil refinery", "paragraph_text": "Many governments worldwide have mandated restrictions on contaminants that refineries release, and most refineries have installed the equipment needed to comply with the requirements of the pertinent environmental protection regulatory agencies. In the United States, there is strong pressure to prevent the development of new refineries, and no major refinery has been built in the country since Marathon's Garyville, Louisiana facility in 1976. However, many existing refineries have been expanded during that time. Environmental restrictions and pressure to prevent construction of new refineries may have also contributed to rising fuel prices in the United States. Additionally, many refineries (more than 100 since the 1980s) have closed due to obsolescence and / or merger activity within the industry itself.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "M&M's", "paragraph_text": "M&M's originated in the United States in 1941, and are now sold in as many as 100 countries. More than 400 million individual M&M's are produced every day in the United States. They are produced in different colors, some of which have changed over the years. The candy - coated chocolate concept was inspired by a method used to allow soldiers to carry chocolate without having it melt. The company's longest - lasting slogan reflects this: ``Melts in your mouth, not in your hand. ''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "List of Olympic medalists in basketball", "paragraph_text": "The United States is by far the most successful country in Olympic basketball, with United States men's teams having won 15 of 18 tournaments in which they participated, including seven consecutive titles from 1936 through 1968. United States women's teams have won 8 titles out of the 10 tournaments in which they competed, including six in a row from 1996 to 2016. Besides the United States, Argentina is the only nation still in existence who has won either the men's or women's tournament. The Soviet Union, Yugoslavia and the Unified Team are the countries no longer in existence who have won the tournament. The United States are the defending champions in both men's and women's tournaments. As of the 2016 Summer Olympics, 90 medals (30 of each color) have been awarded to teams from 20 National Olympic Committees.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Central African Republic", "paragraph_text": "There are many missionary groups operating in the country, including Lutherans, Baptists, Catholics, Grace Brethren, and Jehovah's Witnesses. While these missionaries are predominantly from the United States, France, Italy, and Spain, many are also from Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and other African countries. Large numbers of missionaries left the country when fighting broke out between rebel and government forces in 2002–3, but many of them have now returned to continue their work.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Near East", "paragraph_text": "The United States is the chief remaining nation to assign official responsibilities to a region called the Near East. Within the government the State Department has been most influential in promulgating the Near Eastern regional system. The countries of the former empires of the 19th century have in general abandoned the term and the subdivision in favor of Middle East, North Africa and various forms of Asia. In many cases, such as France, no distinct regional substructures have been employed. Each country has its own French diplomatic apparatus, although regional terms, including Proche-Orient and Moyen-Orient, may be used in a descriptive sense. The most influential agencies in the United States still using Near East as a working concept are as follows.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Ebola virus cases in the United States", "paragraph_text": "In December 2014, Ebola virus cases in the United States occurred due to four laboratory - confirmed cases of Ebola virus disease (commonly known as ``Ebola '') in the United States. Eleven cases have been reported, including these four cases and seven cases medically evacuated from other countries; the first was reported in September 2014. Nine of the people contracted the disease outside the US and traveled into the country, either as regular airline passengers or as medical evacuees; of those nine, two died. Two people have contracted Ebola in the United States. Both were nurses who treated an Ebola patient; both have recovered.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "List of countries by gold production", "paragraph_text": "For many years until 2006, South Africa was the world's dominant gold producer, but recently other countries with large surface area have surpassed South Africa: China, Russia, Canada, the United States, Peru and Australia. Albeit, none of these countries have approached South Africa's peak production which occurred in the 1970s. Note the figures are for primary production. In the US, for example, for the years 2010 - 14, new and old scrap exceeded both primary production and reported domestic consumption.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "IHE Delft Institute for Water Education", "paragraph_text": "Since its inception in 1957, the Institute has provided postgraduate education to numerous professionals (engineers and scientists) almost entirely from developing/transitional countries, from over 190 countries. It has also graduated over 100 PhD candidates and executed numerous research and capacity development projects throughout the world. Many of the alumni have reached senior positions in their home countries upon return and remain key links in the global water network.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Myanmar", "paragraph_text": "Sanctions imposed by the United States and European countries against the former military government, coupled with boycotts and other direct pressure on corporations by supporters of the democracy movement, have resulted in the withdrawal from the country of most US and many European companies. On 13 April 2012 British Prime Minister David Cameron called for the economic sanctions on Myanmar to be suspended in the wake of the pro-democracy party gaining 43 seats out of a possible 45 in the 2012 by-elections with the party leader, Aung San Suu Kyi becoming a member of the Burmese parliament.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Political party", "paragraph_text": "While there is some international commonality in the way political parties are recognized, and in how they operate, there are often many differences, and some are significant. Many political parties have an ideological core, but some do not, and many represent very different ideologies than they did when first founded. In democracies, political parties are elected by the electorate to run a government. Many countries have numerous powerful political parties, such as Germany and India and some nations have one-party systems, such as China. The United States is a two-party system, with its two most powerful parties being the Democratic Party and the Republican Party.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Somalis", "paragraph_text": "Xalwo (halva) is a popular confection eaten during festive occasions, such as Eid celebrations or wedding receptions. It is made from sugar, corn starch, cardamom powder, nutmeg powder and ghee. Peanuts are also sometimes added to enhance texture and flavor. After meals, homes are traditionally perfumed using frankincense (lubaan) or incense (cuunsi), which is prepared inside an incense burner referred to as a dabqaad.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Languages of the United States", "paragraph_text": "Many languages are spoken, or historically have been spoken, in the United States. Today over 500 languages are used by the U.S. population. The most commonly used language is English (specifically, American English), which is the de facto national language of the United States. Since the 1965 Immigration Act, Spanish is the second most common language in the country. The United States does not have an official language, but some state governments recognize specific languages. For instance, the state government of Louisiana offers services and documents in French, as does New Mexico in Spanish. There are many languages indigenous to North America or to U.S. states or holdings in the Pacific region. Hawaiian, although having few native speakers, is an official language along with English of the state of Hawaii. Alaska officializes English and twenty native languages.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts", "paragraph_text": "Since the partition of British India in 1947 and creation of modern states of India and Pakistan, the two South Asian countries have been involved in four wars, including one undeclared war, and many border skirmishes and military stand - offs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Sports in the United States", "paragraph_text": "The most popular team sports in the United States are American football, basketball, baseball / softball, ice hockey, and soccer (association football). All five of these team sports are popular with fans, are widely watched on television, have a fully professional league, are played by millions of Americans, enjoy varsity status at many Division I colleges, and are played in high schools throughout the country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Ghee", "paragraph_text": "Ghee (Sanskrit: Ghṛta), is a class of clarified butter that originated in ancient India. It is commonly used in Middle Eastern cuisine, cuisine of the Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asian cuisine, traditional medicine, and religious rituals.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Videotelephony", "paragraph_text": "VRS services have become well developed nationally in Sweden since 1997 and also in the United States since the first decade of the 2000s. With the exception of Sweden, VRS has been provided in Europe for only a few years since the mid-2000s, and as of 2010 has not been made available in many European Union countries, with most European countries still lacking the legislation or the financing for large-scale VRS services, and to provide the necessary telecommunication equipment to deaf users. Germany and the Nordic countries are among the other leaders in Europe, while the United States is another world leader in the provisioning of VRS services.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "University", "paragraph_text": "Although each institution is organized differently, nearly all universities have a board of trustees; a president, chancellor, or rector; at least one vice president, vice-chancellor, or vice-rector; and deans of various divisions. Universities are generally divided into a number of academic departments, schools or faculties. Public university systems are ruled over by government-run higher education boards. They review financial requests and budget proposals and then allocate funds for each university in the system. They also approve new programs of instruction and cancel or make changes in existing programs. In addition, they plan for the further coordinated growth and development of the various institutions of higher education in the state or country. However, many public universities in the world have a considerable degree of financial, research and pedagogical autonomy. Private universities are privately funded and generally have broader independence from state policies. However, they may have less independence from business corporations depending on the source of their finances.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Tanzania", "paragraph_text": "Some developing countries that had seen strong economic growth saw significant slowdowns. For example, growth forecasts in Cambodia show a fall from more than 10% in 2007 to close to zero in 2009, and Kenya may achieve only 3–4% growth in 2009, down from 7% in 2007. According to the research by the Overseas Development Institute, reductions in growth can be attributed to falls in trade, commodity prices, investment and remittances sent from migrant workers (which reached a record $251 billion in 2007, but have fallen in many countries since). This has stark implications and has led to a dramatic rise in the number of households living below the poverty line, be it 300,000 in Bangladesh or 230,000 in Ghana. Especially states with a fragile political system have to fear that investors from Western states withdraw their money because of the crisis. Bruno Wenn of the German DEG recommends to provide a sound economic policymaking and good governance to attract new investors", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Tornado climatology", "paragraph_text": "The United States averaged 1,274 tornadoes per year in the last decade while Canada reports nearly 100 annually (largely in the southern regions). However, the UK has most tornadoes per area per year, 0.14 per 1000 km2, although these tornadoes are generally weak, and many other European countries have a similar number of tornadoes per area.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 106923, "question": "What is the country Ghee is from?", "answer": "India", "paragraph_support_idx": 15 }, { "id": 159769, "question": "How many states does #1 have?", "answer": "29", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Wolfgang Schäuble", "paragraph_text": "Schäuble was born in Freiburg im Breisgau, as the son of a tax finance advisor. He is the middle brother of three. After completing his Abitur in 1961, Schäuble studied law and economics at the University of Freiburg and the University of Hamburg, which he completed in 1966 and 1970 by passing the First and Second State Examinations respectively, becoming a fully qualified lawyer.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Mexico City", "paragraph_text": "The second largest higher-education institution is the National Polytechnic Institute (IPN), which includes among many other relevant centers the Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), where varied high-level scientific and technological research is done. Other major higher-education institutions in the city include the Metropolitan Autonomous University (UAM), the National School of Anthropology and History (ENAH), the Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México (ITAM), the Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education (3 campuses), the Universidad Panamericana (UP), the Universidad La Salle, the Universidad del Valle de Mexico (UVM), the Universidad Anáhuac, Simon Bolivar University (USB), the Alliant International University, the Universidad Iberoamericana, El Colegio de México (Colmex), Escuela Libre de Derecho and the Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económica, (CIDE). In addition, the prestigious University of California maintains a campus known as \"Casa de California\" in the city. The Universidad Tecnológica de México is also in Mexico City.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Antonio Álvarez Jonte", "paragraph_text": "Antonio Álvarez Jonte (Madrid, 1784 – Pisco, Perú, October 18, 1820) was an Argentine politician. He was born in Madrid in 1784 and moved with parents to Córdoba when young. He studied law at Córdoba University and obtained his doctorate at the Real Universidad de San Felipe in Santiago de Chile. He opened a law practice in Buenos Aires, and lived there at the time of the British invasions. He offered his services as volunteer in the militia but was declined due to poor health.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Edward McCaffery", "paragraph_text": "Edward McCaffery (born c. 1958) is a tax law professor at the University of Southern California Law School and also a visiting professor of Law and Economics at the California Institute of Technology. At USC he is Robert C. Packard Trustee Chair in Law and Professor of Law, Economics and Political Science. He teaches Federal Income Taxation, Property, Intellectual Property, and Tax Law and Policy at USC, Law and Economics and Law and Technology at the California Institute of Technology. He also teaches Corporate Taxation, Federal Income Taxation, Partnership Taxation, Property and a Tax Policy seminar.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Mexico City", "paragraph_text": "The politics pursued by the administrations of heads of government in Mexico City since the second half of the 20th century have usually been more liberal than those of the rest of the country, whether with the support of the federal government—as was the case with the approval of several comprehensive environmental laws in the 1980s—or through laws recently approved by the Legislative Assembly. In April of the same year, the Legislative Assembly expanded provisions on abortions, becoming the first federal entity to expand abortion in Mexico beyond cases of rape and economic reasons, to permit it regardless of the reason should the mother request it before the twelfth week of pregnancy. In December 2009, the Federal District became the first city in Latin America, and one of very few in the world, to legalize same-sex marriage.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 5, "title": "José Antonio Ramos Sucre", "paragraph_text": "José Antonio Ramos Sucre (Cumaná, 9 June 1890 – Geneva, 13 June 1930) was a Venezuelan poet, professor, diplomat and scholar. He was a member of the Sucre family of Venezuela and the great-great-nephew of Antonio José de Sucre. He was educated at the Colegio Nacional, and then at the Universidad Central de Venezuela where he studied Law, Letters and Languages (ancient and modern Greek and Sanskrit).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Abraham Skorka", "paragraph_text": "Abraham Skorka (born July 5, 1950, in Buenos Aires) is an Argentine biophysicist, rabbi and book author. Abraham Skorka is rector of the Seminario Rabínico Latinoamericano in Buenos Aires, the rabbi of the Jewish community Benei Tikva, professor of biblical and rabbinic literature at the Seminario Rabinico Latinoamericano and honorary professor of Hebrew Law at the Universidad del Salvador, Buenos Aires.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Daniel F. Spulber", "paragraph_text": "Daniel F. Spulber (born January 31, 1953) is the Elinor Hobbs Distinguished Professor of International Business and professor of strategy at the Kellogg School of Management (Northwestern University), where he has taught since 1990. Spulber is also professor of law at the Northwestern University School of Law and research director of the Searle Center on Law, Regulation, and Economic Growth. He is the founding editor-in-chief of the \"Journal of Economics & Management Strategy\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Gil Carlos Rodríguez Iglesias", "paragraph_text": "Born in Gijón, Asturias, Gil Carlos Rodríguez Iglesias had a degree at University of Oviedo, (1968) and doctorate in law at Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (1975). In 1982 he was appointed Professor of Public International Law at the University of Extremadura and he held the same Chair at the University of Granada from 1983 to 2003. He spent time as both Judge (1986–2003) and President (1994–2003) of the Court of Justice of the European Communities. In December 2003 he was appointed Professor of Public International Law at Madrid’s Universidad Complutense. He was Jean Monnet Chair of European Community Law, Director of the Department of European Studies at the Instituto Universitario Ortega y Gasset (2004–05), Co-director of the Revista de Derecho Comunitario Europeo and member of the Editorial Boards of various law reviews.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Roman Republic", "paragraph_text": "By 287 BC, the economic condition of the average plebeian had become poor. The problem appears to have centered around widespread indebtedness. The plebeians demanded relief, but the senators refused to address their situation. The result was the final plebeian secession. The plebeians seceded to the Janiculum hill. To end the secession, a dictator was appointed. The dictator passed a law (the Lex Hortensia), which ended the requirement that the patrician senators must agree before any bill could be considered by the Plebeian Council. This was not the first law to require that an act of the Plebeian Council have the full force of law. The Plebeian Council acquired this power during a modification to the original Valerian law in 449 BC. The significance of this law was in the fact that it robbed the patricians of their final weapon over the plebeians. The result was that control over the state fell, not onto the shoulders of voters, but to the new plebeian nobility.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Mohammad Fadel", "paragraph_text": "Mohammad Fadel is an Associate Professor and Toronto Research Chair for the Law and Economics of Islamic Law at the University of Toronto Faculty of Law.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Antônio Carlos Biscaia", "paragraph_text": "Antônio Carlos Silva Biscaia (born June 13, 1942, in Curitiba, Paraná) is former federal prosecutor and currently a politician from Brazil. He is affiliated to the \"Partido dos Trabalhadores\" (PT - Workers Party). He is a Professor of Criminal Procedural Law of the Universidade Cândido Mendes (UCAM).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Fredy Otárola", "paragraph_text": "From 1981 to 1986, Fredy Otárola studied law at the Universidad de San Martín de Porres in Lima. From 1991 to 1993, he was head of the office of public records of Ancash Region. From 1994 to 2006, he has been a lecturer at the \"National University of Ancash\". From 1998 to 2006, he practised as a notary.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "The head of state of Delhi is the Lieutenant Governor of the Union Territory of Delhi, appointed by the President of India on the advice of the Central government and the post is largely ceremonial, as the Chief Minister of the Union Territory of Delhi is the head of government and is vested with most of the executive powers. According to the Indian constitution, if a law passed by Delhi's legislative assembly is repugnant to any law passed by the Parliament of India, then the law enacted by the parliament will prevail over the law enacted by the assembly.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Édgar Eusebio Millán Gómez", "paragraph_text": "Édgar Eusebio Millán Gómez (1967 – 8 May 2008) was a third-ranking member of Mexico's Secretariat of Public Security and acting commissioner of the Federal Preventive Police. Born in Mexico City, he received a law degree from the Universidad del Valle de México. After graduating he started his career in the Mexican Federal Police and received training in several countries.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Pass laws", "paragraph_text": "In South Africa, pass laws were a form of internal passport system designed to segregate the population, manage urbanisation, and allocate migrant labour. Also known as the natives law, pass laws severely limited the movements of not only black African citizens, but other people's as well by requiring them to carry pass books when outside their homelands or designated areas. Before the 1950s, this legislation largely applied to African men, and attempts to apply it to women in the 1910s and 1950s were met with significant protests. Pass laws would be one of the dominant features of the country's apartheid system, until it was effectively ended in 1986.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Marisol Argueta de Barillas", "paragraph_text": "Born on 6 April 1968, and a lawyer by training, Argueta de Barillas graduated from the Academia Británica Cuscatleca, holds a JD from Universidad Dr Jose M. Delgado and a post-graduate degree in diplomacy from the University of Oxford. She also studied at the International Peace Academy, Harvard University and New York University. In addition, she has been an Assistant Professor of Constitutional Law and Political Law at a private university in El Salvador and has written on international affairs and regional integration.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Supreme Court Economic Review", "paragraph_text": "The Supreme Court Economic Review is an academic journal published by the University of Chicago Press. The journal applies economic and legal scholarship to the work of the United States Supreme Court. Articles consider the implicit or explicit economic reasoning employed by the Court to reach its decisions, and explains the economic consequences of the Court's decisions. \"SCER\" is published in conjunction with the Law and Economics Center at the George Mason University School of Law.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Daniel Abugattás", "paragraph_text": "Daniel Abugattás studied law at the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru in Lima. Subsequently, he pursued a master program in economic law at the Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana in Xochimilco, Mexico, from 1980 to 1981. Moreover, in 1982, he took a specialization course in quality management at the Japanese Association for Overseas Technical Scholarship (AOTS) in Osaka. From 1980 to 1994, he worked as a procurator for Fabrica Moderna S.A. in Lima. From 1994 to 2006, he was the general director of Nielsen Peru.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Itapetinga Radio Observatory", "paragraph_text": "The Itapeting Radio Observatory (Portuguese: Rádio Observatório de Itapetinga - ROI) is a radio observatory located in the municipality of Atibaia in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. It is located approximately south of Atibaia and north of São Paulo. ROI was founded in 1970 by Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie (UPM). Control of the facility was passed to the National Institute for Space Research (INPE) in 1982. Today it is managed jointly by INPE, UPM, University do Vale do Paraíba (Univap), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), and Universidade Federal de Itajubá (UNIFEI). In addition to the telescopes, the observatory has living quarters for visiting scientists. ROI is located inside a small radio quiet zone.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 19324, "question": "Where is the Universidad Tecnologica located?", "answer": "Mexico City", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 }, { "id": 19193, "question": "When were the economic laws passed in #1 ?", "answer": "1980s", "paragraph_support_idx": 4 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "José Gregorio Valera", "paragraph_text": "José Gregorio Valera was President of Venezuela from 15 December 1878 to 13 February 1879. José Gregorio Valera was half brother of his predecessor Francisco Linares Alcántara.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Weeks Creek", "paragraph_text": "Weeks Creek is a small creek tributary to La Honda Creek, which in turn is tributary to San Gregorio Creek in western San Mateo County, California. San Gregorio Creek drains to the Pacific Ocean at San Gregorio State Beach. The San Gregorio Creek watershed supports several species listed under the federal and State of California Endangered Species Acts. These species include—coho salmon (endangered), steelhead (threatened), Tidewater Goby, San Francisco Garter Snake, and California Red-legged frog.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "San Gregorio Magno al Celio", "paragraph_text": "San Gregorio Magno al Celio, also known as San Gregorio al Celio or simply San Gregorio, is a church in Rome, Italy, which is part of a monastery of monks of the Camaldolese branch of the Benedictine Order. On March 10, 2012, the 1,000th anniversary of the founding of the Camaldolese in 1012 was celebrated here at a Vespers service attended by Anglican and Catholic prelates and jointly led by Pope Benedict XVI and Rowan Williams, Archbishop of Canterbury.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Eteläsuomalainen osakunta", "paragraph_text": "Eteläsuomalainen osakunta (ESO) is one of the 15 student nations at the University of Helsinki, Finnish-speaking, established in 1905 and it has Uusimaa and Eastern Uusimaa as recruitment regions. Before 1905, Nylands Nation (NN) gathered both Finnish- and Swedish-speaking university students from Southern Finland, but seceded from NN in 1905 to form a similar, but Finnish-speaking nation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Guinea-Bissau", "paragraph_text": "14% of the population speaks the official language Portuguese, the language of government and national communication during centuries of colonial rule. 44% speak Kriol, a Portuguese-based creole language, which is effectively a national language of communication among groups. The remainder speak a variety of native African languages unique to ethnicities.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Aroldis Chapman", "paragraph_text": "Albertín Aroldis Chapman de la Cruz (Spanish: (aˈɾoldis ˈtʃapman); born February 28, 1988) is a Cuban - American professional baseball pitcher for the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (MLB). He previously played in MLB for the Cincinnati Reds and Chicago Cubs and in the Cuban National Series for Holguín. Chapman bats and throws left - handed, and is nicknamed the Cuban Missile or the Cuban Flame Thrower", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Germán Mesa", "paragraph_text": "Germán Mesa Fresneda (born May 12, 1967 in Havana) is a Cuban retired shortstop who played for the Industriales of the Cuban National Series and for the Cuban national baseball team. Mesa was known as \"El Imán\" or \"The Magnet\" for his superior fielding skills. He was also an above average hitter and base runner who led Cuban baseball in hits, triples, and stolen bases during his career. German retired in 2002, and is now a trainer for the national team.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Luis Howell-Rivero", "paragraph_text": "Luis Hugo Howell-Rivero (December 28, 1899, Havana - October 7, 1986, Florida Keys) was a Cuban biologist and anthropologist. In the 1920s and 1930s he identified numerous new species of animals, especially fish, in Cuba and the rest of the Caribbean. One example is \"Squalus cubensis\", the Cuban dogfish. He helped establish institutions for the study of biology and botany throughout Central and South America and later in life became an expert for UNESCO.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Hello Hemingway", "paragraph_text": "Hello Hemingway is a 1990 Cuban drama film directed by Fernando Pérez and starring Laura de la Uz. The plot, set in Havana in 1956, near the end of Fulgencio Batista's dictatorship, follows a young girl whose aspirations to obtain a scholarship in America, against the odds, are paralleled with her reading of Ernest Hemingway's \"The Old Man and the Sea\". The film was selected as the Cuban entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 64th Academy Awards, but was not designated a nominee.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Bay of Pigs Invasion", "paragraph_text": "Bay of Pigs Invasion Part of the Cold War Map showing the location of the Bay of Pigs Date April 17 -- 20, 1961 Location Bay of Pigs, southern coast of Cuba Result Decisive Cuban victory Belligerents Cuba United States Cuban DRF Commanders and leaders Fidel Castro José Ramón Fernández Juan Almeida Bosque Che Guevara Efigenio Ameijeiras John F. Kennedy Allen Dulles Charles Cabell Pepe San Román Erneido Oliva Units involved Cuban Revolutionary Armed Forces Brigade 2506 CIA U.S. Air Force Strength 25,000 Cuban army 200,000 Cuban Militia 9,000 armed police 1,500 ground forces 8 American B - 26 bombers 5 supply ships Casualties and losses Cuban army: 176 killed 500 + wounded Brigade 2506: 118 killed 360 wounded 1,202 captured United States: 4 killed 2 American B - 26 bomber aircraft shot down and 2 supply ships lost Location within North America", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Casa de las Américas", "paragraph_text": "Casa de las Américas is an organization that was founded by the Cuban Government in April 1959, four months after the Cuban Revolution, for the purpose of developing and extending the socio-cultural relations with the countries of Latin America, the Caribbean and the rest of the world. Originally a publishing house and information center, it has developed into the best-known and most prestigious cultural institution in Cuba.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Race (human categorization)", "paragraph_text": "The term \"Hispanic\" as an ethnonym emerged in the 20th century with the rise of migration of laborers from the Spanish-speaking countries of Latin America to the United States. Today, the word \"Latino\" is often used as a synonym for \"Hispanic\". The definitions of both terms are non-race specific, and include people who consider themselves to be of distinct races (Black, White, Amerindian, Asian, and mixed groups). However, there is a common misconception in the US that Hispanic/Latino is a race or sometimes even that national origins such as Mexican, Cuban, Colombian, Salvadoran, etc. are races. In contrast to \"Latino\" or \"Hispanic\", \"Anglo\" refers to non-Hispanic White Americans or non-Hispanic European Americans, most of whom speak the English language but are not necessarily of English descent.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Emotion", "paragraph_text": "Stanley Schachter formulated his theory on the earlier work of a Spanish physician, Gregorio Marañón, who injected patients with epinephrine and subsequently asked them how they felt. Interestingly, Marañón found that most of these patients felt something but in the absence of an actual emotion-evoking stimulus, the patients were unable to interpret their physiological arousal as an experienced emotion. Schachter did agree that physiological reactions played a big role in emotions. He suggested that physiological reactions contributed to emotional experience by facilitating a focused cognitive appraisal of a given physiologically arousing event and that this appraisal was what defined the subjective emotional experience. Emotions were thus a result of two-stage process: general physiological arousal, and experience of emotion. For example, the physiological arousal, heart pounding, in a response to an evoking stimulus, the sight of a bear in the kitchen. The brain then quickly scans the area, to explain the pounding, and notices the bear. Consequently, the brain interprets the pounding heart as being the result of fearing the bear. With his student, Jerome Singer, Schachter demonstrated that subjects can have different emotional reactions despite being placed into the same physiological state with an injection of epinephrine. Subjects were observed to express either anger or amusement depending on whether another person in the situation (a confederate) displayed that emotion. Hence, the combination of the appraisal of the situation (cognitive) and the participants' reception of adrenaline or a placebo together determined the response. This experiment has been criticized in Jesse Prinz's (2004) Gut Reactions.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Johannes Bisse", "paragraph_text": "Johannes Bisse (1935–1984) was a Cuban botanist, born in Germany in 1935 and arrived in Cuba in 1966. He received his doctorate from the Friedrich Schiller University of Jena. He was the founder and first director of the Cuban National Botanic Garden in Havana.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Metropolitanos", "paragraph_text": "The Metropolitanos of Havana was a baseball team in the Cuban National Series. The Metros, also known as the \"Guerreros\" (Warriors), had historically been a poor team, though they were ostensibly the heir to the Habana teams of the pre-revolutionary Cuban League.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Critique of Criminal Reason", "paragraph_text": "Critique of Criminal Reason is an English language crime novel written by Michael Gregorio, the pseudonym of Michael G. Jacob and Daniela De Gregorio, two scholars teaching in Spoleto, central Italy. It is set in Königsberg, during the height of Napoleonic wars, in 1804.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Eriel Sánchez", "paragraph_text": "Eriel Sánchez León (born April 12, 1975) in (Fomento, Sancti Spiritus). Is a Cuban baseball catcher for Sancti Spíritus of the Cuban National Series.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Miami", "paragraph_text": "After Fidel Castro rose to power in Cuba in 1959, many wealthy Cubans sought refuge in Miami, further increasing the population. The city developed businesses and cultural amenities as part of the New South. In the 1980s and 1990s, South Florida weathered social problems related to drug wars, immigration from Haiti and Latin America, and the widespread destruction of Hurricane Andrew. Racial and cultural tensions were sometimes sparked, but the city developed in the latter half of the 20th century as a major international, financial, and cultural center. It is the second-largest U.S. city (after El Paso, Texas) with a Spanish-speaking majority, and the largest city with a Cuban-American plurality.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Spanish language in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Immigration to the United States of Spanish-speaking Cubans began because of Cuba's political instability upon achieving independence. The deposition of Fulgencio Batista's dictatorship and the ascension of Fidel Castro's government in 1959 increased Cuban immigration to the United States, hence there are some one million Cubans in the United States, most settled in southern and central Florida, while other Cubans live in the Northeastern United States; most are fluent in Spanish. In the city of Miami today Spanish is the first language mostly due to Cuban immigration.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Embassy of the United States, Havana", "paragraph_text": "The Embassy of the United States of America in Havana is the United States of America's diplomatic mission in Cuba. On January 3, 1961, US President Dwight D. Eisenhower severed relations following the Cuban Revolution of the 1950s. In 1977, President Jimmy Carter and President Fidel Castro signed an Interests Sections Agreement that permitted each government to operate out of its former embassy in Havana and Washington D.C., which were called Interests Sections; they were prohibited from flying their respective flags. Cuban President Raúl Castro and US President Barack Obama restored full diplomatic connections on July 20, 2015.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 12684, "question": "What was the nationality of Gregorio Marañón?", "answer": "Spanish", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 }, { "id": 32330, "question": "Do Cubans speak #1 in America?", "answer": "most are fluent in Spanish", "paragraph_support_idx": 18 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Oklahoma", "paragraph_text": "Thirty-nine Native American tribal governments are based in Oklahoma, each holding limited powers within designated areas. While Indian reservations typical in most of the United States are not present in Oklahoma, tribal governments hold land granted during the Indian Territory era, but with limited jurisdiction and no control over state governing bodies such as municipalities and counties. Tribal governments are recognized by the United States as quasi-sovereign entities with executive, judicial, and legislative powers over tribal members and functions, but are subject to the authority of the United States Congress to revoke or withhold certain powers. The tribal governments are required to submit a constitution and any subsequent amendments to the United States Congress for approval.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Law of the United States", "paragraph_text": "Federal law originates with the Constitution, which gives Congress the power to enact statutes for certain limited purposes like regulating interstate commerce. The United States Code is the official compilation and codification of the general and permanent federal statutes. Many statutes give executive branch agencies the power to create regulations, which are published in the Federal Register and codified into the Code of Federal Regulations. Regulations generally also carry the force of law under the Chevron doctrine. Many lawsuits turn on the meaning of a federal statute or regulation, and judicial interpretations of such meaning carry legal force under the principle of stare decisis.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Separation of powers", "paragraph_text": "Checks and balances is the principle that each of the Branches has the power to limit or check the other two and this creates a balance between the three separate powers of the state, this principle induces that the ambitions of one branch prevent that one of the other branches become supreme, and thus be eternally confronting each other and in that process leaving the people free from government abuses. Checks and Balances are designed to maintain the system of separation of powers keeping each branch in its place. This is based on the idea that it is not enough to separate the powers and guarantee their independence but to give the various branches the constitutional means to defend their own legitimate powers from the encroachments of the other branches. They guarantee that the powers of the State have the same weight (co-equal), that is, to be balanced, so that they can limit each other, avoiding the abuse of state power. the origin of checks and balances, like separation of powers itself, is specifically credited to Montesquieu in the Enlightenment (in The Spirit of the Laws, 1748), under this influence was implemented in 1787 in the Constitution of the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Article One of the United States Constitution", "paragraph_text": "Although not specifically mentioned in the Constitution, Congress has also long asserted the power to investigate and the power to compel cooperation with an investigation. The Supreme Court has affirmed these powers as an implication of Congress's power to legislate. Since the power to investigate is an aspect of Congress's power to legislate, it is as broad as Congress's powers to legislate. However, it is also limited to inquiries that are ``in aid of the legislative function; ''Congress may not`` expose for the sake of exposure.'' It is uncontroversial that a proper subject of Congress's investigation power is the operations of the federal government, but Congress's ability to compel the submission of documents or testimony from the President or his subordinates is often - discussed and sometimes controversial (see executive privilege), although not often litigated. As a practical matter, the limitation of Congress's ability to investigate only for a proper purpose (``in aid of ''its legislative powers) functions as a limit on Congress's ability to investigate the private affairs of individual citizens; matters that simply demand action by another branch of government, without implicating an issue of public policy necessitating legislation by Congress, must be left to those branches due to the doctrine of separation of powers. The courts are highly deferential to Congress's exercise of its investigation powers, however. Congress has the power to investigate that which it could regulate, and the courts have interpreted Congress's regulatory powers broadly since the Great Depression.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Law of the United States", "paragraph_text": "Congress often enacts statutes that grant broad rulemaking authority to federal agencies. Often, Congress is simply too gridlocked to draft detailed statutes that explain how the agency should react to every possible situation, or Congress believes the agency's technical specialists are best equipped to deal with particular fact situations as they arise. Therefore, federal agencies are authorized to promulgate regulations. Under the principle of Chevron deference, regulations normally carry the force of law as long as they are based on a reasonable interpretation of the relevant statutes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Tenure of Office Act (1867)", "paragraph_text": "The Tenure of Office Act was a United States federal law (in force from 1867 to 1887) that was intended to restrict the power of the President of the United States to remove certain office - holders without the approval of the Senate. The law was enacted on March 3, 1867, over the veto of President Andrew Johnson. It purported to deny the president the power to remove any executive officer who had been appointed by the president with the advice and consent of the Senate, unless the Senate approved the removal during the next full session of Congress. The act was significantly amended on April 5, 1869. Congress repealed the act in its entirety in 1887.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Law of the United States", "paragraph_text": "The law of criminal procedure in the United States consists of a massive overlay of federal constitutional case law interwoven with the federal and state statutes that actually provide the foundation for the creation and operation of law enforcement agencies and prison systems as well as the proceedings in criminal trials. Due to the perennial inability of legislatures in the U.S. to enact statutes that would actually force law enforcement officers to respect the constitutional rights of criminal suspects and convicts, the federal judiciary gradually developed the exclusionary rule as a method to enforce such rights. In turn, the exclusionary rule spawned a family of judge-made remedies for the abuse of law enforcement powers, of which the most famous is the Miranda warning. The writ of habeas corpus is often used by suspects and convicts to challenge their detention, while the Civil Rights Act of 1871 and Bivens actions are used by suspects to recover tort damages for police brutality.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Law of the United States", "paragraph_text": "The actual substance of English law was formally \"received\" into the United States in several ways. First, all U.S. states except Louisiana have enacted \"reception statutes\" which generally state that the common law of England (particularly judge-made law) is the law of the state to the extent that it is not repugnant to domestic law or indigenous conditions. Some reception statutes impose a specific cutoff date for reception, such as the date of a colony's founding, while others are deliberately vague. Thus, contemporary U.S. courts often cite pre-Revolution cases when discussing the evolution of an ancient judge-made common law principle into its modern form, such as the heightened duty of care traditionally imposed upon common carriers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Separation of powers under the United States Constitution", "paragraph_text": "An example of the first view is the regulation of attorneys and judges, and the establishment of rules for the conduct of the courts, by the Congress and in the states the legislatures. Although in practice these matters are delegated to the Supreme Court, the Congress holds these powers and delegates them to the Supreme Court only for convenience in light of the Supreme Court's expertise, but can withdraw that delegation at any time.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Supreme court", "paragraph_text": "While the Philippines is generally considered a civil law nation, its Supreme Court is heavily modelled after the American Supreme Court. This can be attributed to the fact that the Philippines was colonized by both Spain and the United States, and the system of laws of both nations strongly influenced the development of Philippine laws and jurisprudence. Even as the body of Philippine laws remain mostly codified, the Philippine Civil Code expressly recognizes that decisions of the Supreme Court \"form part of the law of the land\", belonging to the same class as statutes. The 1987 Philippine Constitution also explicitly grants to the Supreme Court the power of judicial review over laws and executive actions. The Supreme Court is composed of 1 Chief Justice and 14 Associate Justices. The court sits either en banc or in divisions, depending on the nature of the case to be decided.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Furman v. Georgia", "paragraph_text": "In the following four years, 37 states enacted new death penalty laws aimed at overcoming the court's concerns about arbitrary imposition of the death penalty. Several statutes that mandated bifurcated trials, with separate guilt - innocence and sentencing phases, and imposing standards to guide the discretion of juries and judges in imposing capital sentences, were upheld in a series of Supreme Court decisions in 1976, led by Gregg v. Georgia. Other statutes enacted in response to Furman, such as Louisiana's which mandated imposition of the death penalty upon conviction of a certain crime, were struck down in cases of that same year.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Law of the United States", "paragraph_text": "After the President signs a bill into law (or Congress enacts it over his veto), it is delivered to the Office of the Federal Register (OFR) of the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) where it is assigned a law number, and prepared for publication as a slip law. Public laws, but not private laws, are also given legal statutory citation by the OFR. At the end of each session of Congress, the slip laws are compiled into bound volumes called the United States Statutes at Large, and they are known as session laws. The Statutes at Large present a chronological arrangement of the laws in the exact order that they have been enacted.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Capital punishment in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Four states in the modern era, Nebraska in 2008, New York and Kansas in 2004, and Massachusetts in 1984, had their statutes ruled unconstitutional by state courts. The death rows of New York and Massachusetts were disestablished, and attempts to restore the death penalty were unsuccessful. Kansas successfully appealed State v. Kleypas, the Kansas Supreme Court decision that declared the state's death penalty statute unconstitutional, to the United States Supreme Court. Nebraska's death penalty statute was rendered ineffective on February 8, 2008 when the required method, electrocution, was ruled unconstitutional by the Nebraska Supreme Court. In 2009, Nebraska enacted a bill that changed its method of execution to lethal injection.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Rule of law", "paragraph_text": "All government officers of the United States, including the President, the Justices of the Supreme Court, state judges and legislators, and all members of Congress, pledge first and foremost to uphold the Constitution. These oaths affirm that the rule of law is superior to the rule of any human leader. At the same time, the federal government has considerable discretion: the legislative branch is free to decide what statutes it will write, as long as it stays within its enumerated powers and respects the constitutionally protected rights of individuals. Likewise, the judicial branch has a degree of judicial discretion, and the executive branch also has various discretionary powers including prosecutorial discretion.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Law of the United States", "paragraph_text": "The fifty American states are separate sovereigns, with their own state constitutions, state governments, and state courts. All states have a legislative branch which enacts state statutes, an executive branch that promulgates state regulations pursuant to statutory authorization, and a judicial branch that applies, interprets, and occasionally overturns both state statutes and regulations, as well as local ordinances. They retain plenary power to make laws covering anything not preempted by the federal Constitution, federal statutes, or international treaties ratified by the federal Senate. Normally, state supreme courts are the final interpreters of state constitutions and state law, unless their interpretation itself presents a federal issue, in which case a decision may be appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court by way of a petition for writ of certiorari. State laws have dramatically diverged in the centuries since independence, to the extent that the United States cannot be regarded as one legal system as to the majority of types of law traditionally under state control, but must be regarded as 50 separate systems of tort law, family law, property law, contract law, criminal law, and so on.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Paraguay", "paragraph_text": "Paraguay is a representative democratic republic, with a multi-party system and separation of powers in three branches. Executive power is exercised solely by the President, who is head of state and head of government. Legislative power is vested in the two chambers of the National Congress. The judiciary is vested on tribunals and Courts of Civil Law and a nine-member Supreme Court of Justice, all of them independent of the executive and the legislature.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Independent agencies of the United States government", "paragraph_text": "Established through separate statutes passed by the Congress, each respective statutory grant of authority defines the goals the agency must work towards, as well as what substantive areas, if any, over which it may have the power of rulemaking. These agency rules (or regulations), when in force, have the power of federal law.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Law of the United States", "paragraph_text": "New York, Illinois, and California are the most significant states that have not adopted the FRCP. Furthermore, all three states continue to maintain most of their civil procedure laws in the form of codified statutes enacted by the state legislature, as opposed to court rules promulgated by the state supreme court, on the ground that the latter are undemocratic. But certain key portions of their civil procedure laws have been modified by their legislatures to bring them closer to federal civil procedure.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Law of the United States", "paragraph_text": "Under the doctrine of Erie Railroad Co. v. Tompkins (1938), there is no general federal common law. Although federal courts can create federal common law in the form of case law, such law must be linked one way or another to the interpretation of a particular federal constitutional provision, statute, or regulation (which in turn was enacted as part of the Constitution or after). Federal courts lack the plenary power possessed by state courts to simply make up law, which the latter are able to do in the absence of constitutional or statutory provisions replacing the common law. Only in a few narrow limited areas, like maritime law, has the Constitution expressly authorized the continuation of English common law at the federal level (meaning that in those areas federal courts can continue to make law as they see fit, subject to the limitations of stare decisis).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Separation of powers under the United States Constitution", "paragraph_text": "The power to review the constitutionality of laws may be limited by Congress, which has the power to set the jurisdiction of the courts. The only constitutional limit on Congress' power to set the jurisdiction of the judiciary relates to the Supreme Court; the Supreme Court may exercise only appellate jurisdiction except in cases involving states and cases affecting foreign ambassadors, ministers or consuls.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 20961, "question": "What gives Congress limited power to enact statutes?", "answer": "the Constitution", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 }, { "id": 85304, "question": "which article states the #1 is the supreme law of land", "answer": "Article VI, Clause 2", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "The Butler", "paragraph_text": "Particular criticism has been directed at the film's accuracy in portraying President Ronald Reagan. While Alan Rickman's performance generated positive reviews, the director and screenwriters of the film have been criticized for depicting Reagan as indifferent to civil rights and his reluctance to associate with the White House's black employees during his presidency. According to Michael Reagan, the former president's son, ``The real story of the White House butler does n't imply racism at all. It's simply Hollywood liberals wanting to believe something about my father that was never there. ''Paul Kengor, one of President Reagan's biographers, also attacked the film, saying,`` I've talked to many White House staff, cooks, housekeepers, doctors, and Secret Service over the years. They are universal in their love of Ronald Reagan.'' In regard to the president's initial opposition to sanctions against apartheid in South Africa, Kengor said, ``Ronald Reagan was appalled by apartheid, but also wanted to ensure that if the apartheid regime collapsed in South Africa that it was n't replaced by a Marxist - totalitarian regime allied with Moscow and Cuba that would take the South African people down the same road as Ethiopia, Mozambique, and, yes, Cuba. In the immediate years before Reagan became president, 11 countries from the Third World, from Asia to Africa to Latin America, went Communist. It was devastating. If the film refuses to deal with this issue with the necessary balance, it should n't deal with it at all. ''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Black people", "paragraph_text": "American University economist George Ayittey accused the Arab government of Sudan of practicing acts of racism against black citizens. According to Ayittey, \"In Sudan... the Arabs monopolized power and excluded blacks – Arab apartheid.\" Many African commentators joined Ayittey in accusing Sudan of practising Arab apartheid.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Mamelodi", "paragraph_text": "Mamelodi, part of the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality, is a township set up by the then apartheid government northeast of Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "South African History Project", "paragraph_text": "The South African History Project (2001-2004) was established and initiated by Professor Kader Asmal, former Minister of Education in South Africa. This initiative followed after the publication of the Manifesto on Values, Education and Democracy and the Report of the History and Archaeology Panel in South Africa in 2001.This report was written by leading scholars who advised the then Minister of Education on the strengthening of the teaching of history in South African schools after the end of apartheid. The South African History Project addressed the challenges of revitalising the teaching and learning of history by setting up provincial networks which brought stakeholders in education, heritage, tourism and publishing together for the first time in post-apartheid South Africa.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "John E. Hines", "paragraph_text": "John Elbridge Hines (October 3, 1910 – July 19, 1997) was a bishop in the Episcopal Church in the United States. When he was elected the 22nd Presiding Bishop in 1965, at the age of 54, he was the youngest person to hold that office, which he held until 1974. Desmond Tutu, Archbishop of Cape Town, said Hines' movement to divest church-held assets in that nation played an important role in the demise of apartheid.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "South Africa at the Olympics", "paragraph_text": "After the negotiations to end apartheid in South Africa commenced in 1990, the nation re-joined the Olympic movement. The South African Sports Confederation and Olympic Committee was created in 1991, and South Africa returned to the Games at the 1992 Summer Olympics (and the 1992 Summer Paralympics). South Africa also participated in the Winter Olympic Games in 1960, and since 1994.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Queen (band)", "paragraph_text": "That year, Queen began The Works Tour, the first tour to feature keyboardist Spike Edney as an extra live musician. The tour featured nine sold-out dates in October in Bophuthatswana, South Africa, at the arena in Sun City. Upon returning to England, they were the subject of outrage, having played in South Africa during the height of apartheid and in violation of worldwide divestment efforts and a United Nations cultural boycott. The band responded to the critics by stating that they were playing music for fans in South Africa, and they also stressed that the concerts were played before integrated audiences. Queen donated to a school for the deaf and blind as a philanthropic gesture but were fined by the British Musicians' Union and placed on the United Nations' blacklisted artists.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Black people", "paragraph_text": "Alan Dershowitz described Sudan as an example of a government that \"actually deserve(s)\" the appellation \"apartheid.\" Former Canadian Minister of Justice Irwin Cotler echoed the accusation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Black people", "paragraph_text": "In early 1991, non-Arabs of the Zaghawa tribe of Sudan attested that they were victims of an intensifying Arab apartheid campaign, segregating Arabs and non-Arabs (specifically people of sub-Saharan African descent). Sudanese Arabs, who controlled the government, were widely referred to as practicing apartheid against Sudan's non-Arab citizens. The government was accused of \"deftly manipulat(ing) Arab solidarity\" to carry out policies of apartheid and ethnic cleansing.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "South Africa at the Olympics", "paragraph_text": "After the negotiations to end apartheid in South Africa commenced in 1990, the nation re-joined the Olympic movement. The South African Sports Confederation and Olympic Committee was created in 1991, and South Africa returned to the Games at the 1992 Summer Olympics (and the 1992 Summer Paralympics). South Africa also participated in the Winter Olympic Games in 1960, and since 1994.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Shawn Slovo", "paragraph_text": "Shawn Slovo (born 1950) is a screenwriter, best known for the film \"A World Apart\", based on her childhood in South Africa under apartheid. She is the daughter of South African Communist Party leaders Joe Slovo and Ruth First. She wrote the screenplay for the 2006 film \"Catch a Fire\" (also a historical film about apartheid), and for the 2001 film \"Captain Corelli's Mandolin\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Ivan Toms", "paragraph_text": "Ivan Toms (11 July 1952 – 25 March 2008) was a South African physician, who battled the Apartheid era government as a prominent anti-Apartheid and anti-conscription activist. At the time of his death in 2008, Toms was serving as the Director of Health for the city of Cape Town, South Africa.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "July's People", "paragraph_text": "July's People is a 1981 novel by the South African writer Nadine Gordimer. It is set in a near future version of South Africa where Apartheid is ended through a civil war. Gordimer wrote the book before the end of apartheid as her prediction of how it would end. The book was notably banned in South Africa after its publication, and later under the post-Apartheid government.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Black people", "paragraph_text": "In 2008, the High Court in South Africa ruled that Chinese South Africans who were residents during the apartheid era (and their descendants) are to be reclassified as \"Black people,\" solely for the purposes of accessing affirmative action benefits, because they were also \"disadvantaged\" by racial discrimination. Chinese people who arrived in the country after the end of apartheid do not qualify for such benefits.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Steve Biko Foundation", "paragraph_text": "Established in 1998, The Steve Biko Foundation (SBF) is a community development organisation in South Africa. The organisation is inspired by the late anti-apartheid activist Steve Biko (1946–1977).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Viktor Alksnis", "paragraph_text": "Viktor Alksnis was a strong opponent of the breakup of the Soviet Union and of the independence of the Baltic States. He claims that the Baltic states are apartheid regimes, that the Russian population in these states suffers repression.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Eric Miller (photographer)", "paragraph_text": "Eric Miller (born 1951) is a professional photographer based in South Africa. Miller was born in Cape Town but spent his childhood in Johannesburg. After studying psychology and working in the corporate world for several years, Miller was driven by the injustices of apartheid to use his hobby, photography, to document opposition to apartheid by becoming a full-time photographer.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Cedric Nunn", "paragraph_text": "Cedric Nunn (born 1957) is a South African photographer best known for his photography depicting South Africa before and after the end of apartheid.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "South Africa at the Rugby World Cup", "paragraph_text": "South Africa have played at six of the eight Rugby World Cup tournaments, having been unable to compete in the first two tournaments due to a sports boycott during the apartheid era. Following the end of apartheid, they hosted the 1995 Rugby World Cup and won the tournament, and were champions again at the 2007 tournament in France. With two tournament wins, they are one of the three best performing teams, along with Australia who have also won twice, and New Zealand with three wins, the only team to do better.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Flag of South Africa", "paragraph_text": "The flag of South Africa was adopted on 27 April 1994, at the beginning of South Africa's 1994 general election, to replace the flag that had been used since 1928. The new national flag, designed by the then State Herald of South Africa Frederick Brownell, was chosen to represent the country's new democracy after the end of apartheid.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 20152, "question": "Where did Queen play during the height of Apartheid?", "answer": "South Africa", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 }, { "id": 51677, "question": "apartheid ended in #1 during the presidency of", "answer": "Mandela", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Dirty Dancing", "paragraph_text": "In the summer of 1963, 17 - year - old Frances ``Baby ''Houseman (Jennifer Grey) is vacationing with her affluent family at Kellerman's, a resort in the Catskill Mountains. Baby is the younger of two daughters, and plans to attend Mount Holyoke College to study economics in underdeveloped countries and then enter the Peace Corps. Her father, Jake (Jerry Orbach), is the doctor and friend of Max Kellerman (Jack Weston), the resort proprietor. Baby is befriended by Max's grandson Neil (Lonny Price). Baby develops a crush on the resort's dance instructor, Johnny Castle (Patrick Swayze). Johnny is the leader of the resort's working - class entertainment staff. Baby encounters Johnny's cousin Billy on a walk through the resort grounds, and helps him carry watermelons to the staff quarters. The staff hold secret after - hours parties in their quarters, and Baby is surprised by the`` dirty dancing'' they engage in. Intrigued, Baby receives a brief, impromptu dance lesson from Johnny.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Baby's Gotten Good at Goodbye", "paragraph_text": "\"Baby's Gotten Good at Goodbye\" is a song written by Tony Martin and Troy Martin, and recorded by American country music singer George Strait. It was released in December 1988 as the first single from the album \"Beyond the Blue Neon\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Estonia", "paragraph_text": "In the face of the country being re-occupied by the Red Army, tens of thousands of Estonians (including a majority of the education, culture, science, political and social specialists) chose to either retreat with the Germans or flee to Finland or Sweden where they sought refuge in other western countries, often by refugee ships such as the SS Walnut. On 12 January 1949, the Soviet Council of Ministers issued a decree \"on the expulsion and deportation\" from Baltic states of \"all kulaks and their families, the families of bandits and nationalists\", and others.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "How Long Will My Baby Be Gone", "paragraph_text": "\"How Long Will My Baby Be Gone\" is a 1968 song written and recorded by Buck Owens. \"How Long Will My Baby Be Gone\" was the last of eight number ones on the country chart in a row for Buck Owens. The single spent a single week at number one and a total of thirteen weeks on the country chart. The song is still performed at the Country Bear Jamboree attraction at certain Disney parks.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Guinea-Bissau", "paragraph_text": "Portuguese natives comprise a very small percentage of Guinea-Bissauans. After Guinea-Bissau gained independence, most of the Portuguese nationals left the country. The country has a tiny Chinese population. These include traders and merchants of mixed Portuguese and Chinese ancestry from Macau, a former Asian Portuguese colony.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Muppet Babies (1984 TV series)", "paragraph_text": "Greg Berg -- Baby Fozzie, Baby Scooter, Dr. Julius Strangepork (archive footage, ep. 107) Barbara Billingsley -- Nanny Dave Coulier (1986 -- 1991) -- Baby Animal, Baby Bunsen, Baby Bean Bunny, Baby Janice, Uncle Statler and Waldorf, Camilla (occasionally), Himself (ep. 91) Katie Leigh -- Baby Rowlf, Mrs. Mitchell Howie Mandel (1984 -- 1985) -- Baby Skeeter, Baby Animal, Baby Bunsen Laurie O'Brien -- Baby Piggy Russi Taylor -- Baby Gonzo, Baby Robin, Aunt Fanny, and Camilla (occasionally) Frank Welker -- Baby Kermit, Baby Beaker, Baby Skeeter (1986 -- 1991), Camilla, Irma / Charlie (ep. 12), The Chief Inspector of Scotland Yard (ep. 31), Polly the parrot (ep. 38), Adult Kermit (looped dialogue, ep. 45), Bosko the Snowman (ep. 100)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Stefan Nystrom", "paragraph_text": "Stefan Nystrom was a long-time resident of Australia who was deported to Sweden in 2006. He won a landmark decision at the United Nations in 2011, establishing that non-citizens may also have the right to enter a country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Here Comes My Baby (Dottie West song)", "paragraph_text": "\"Here Comes My Baby\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Dottie West. It was released in June 1964 as the first single and title track from the album \"Here Comes My Baby\". West wrote the song with her then-husband Bill.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Palmer Raids", "paragraph_text": "The Palmer Raids were a series of raids conducted by the United States Department of Justice to capture and arrest suspected radical leftists, especially anarchists, and deport them from the United States. The raids and arrests occurred in November 1919 and January 1920 under the leadership of Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer. Though more than 500 foreign citizens were deported, including a number of prominent leftist leaders, Palmer's efforts were largely frustrated by officials at the U.S. Department of Labor, which had authority for deportations and objected to Palmer's methods.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Islam in India", "paragraph_text": "Country Population Percentage Indonesia 225,000,000 12.65% Pakistan 204,097,000 11.00% India 189,000,000 10.97% Bangladesh 148,607,000 9.18% Egypt 80,024,000 4.94% World 1,619,300,000 100%", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Circumcision", "paragraph_text": "Evidence suggests that circumcision was practiced in the Arabian Peninsula by the 4th millennium BCE, when the Sumerians and the Semites moved into the area that is modern-day Iraq. The earliest historical record of circumcision comes from Egypt, in the form of an image of the circumcision of an adult carved into the tomb of Ankh-Mahor at Saqqara, dating to about 2400–2300 BCE. Circumcision was done by the Egyptians possibly for hygienic reasons, but also was part of their obsession with purity and was associated with spiritual and intellectual development. No well-accepted theory explains the significance of circumcision to the Egyptians, but it appears to have been endowed with great honor and importance as a rite of passage into adulthood, performed in a public ceremony emphasizing the continuation of family generations and fertility. It may have been a mark of distinction for the elite: the Egyptian Book of the Dead describes the sun god Ra as having circumcised himself.Though secular scholars consider the story to be literary and not historical, circumcision features prominently in the Hebrew Bible. The narrative in Genesis chapter 17 describes the circumcision of Abraham and his relatives and slaves. In the same chapter, Abraham's descendants are commanded to circumcise their sons on the eighth day of life as part of a covenant with God.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Covenant (biblical)", "paragraph_text": "The covenant found in Genesis 12 -- 17 is known as the Brit bein HaBetarim, the ``Covenant Between the Parts ''in Hebrew, and is the basis for brit milah (covenant of circumcision) in Judaism. The covenant was for Abraham and his seed, or offspring, both of natural birth and adoption.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "History of circumcision", "paragraph_text": "Infant circumcision was taken up in the United Kingdom, the United States, Australia, New Zealand, and the English - speaking parts of Canada. Although it is difficult to determine historical circumcision rates, one estimate of infant circumcision rates in the United States holds that 30% of newborn American boys were being circumcised in 1900, 55% in 1925, and 72% in 1950.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Back in Baby's Arms", "paragraph_text": "Back in Baby's Arms is the thirteenth studio album by American country artist Connie Smith. The album was released in October 1969 and was produced by Bob Ferguson. It was Smith's third and final album released in 1969.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Benedictus (Song of Zechariah)", "paragraph_text": "The Benedictus (also Song of Zechariah or Canticle of Zachary), given in Gospel of Luke 1: 68 - 79, is one of the three canticles in the opening chapters of this Gospel, the other two being the ``Magnificat ''and the`` Nunc dimittis''. The Benedictus was the song of thanksgiving uttered by Zechariah on the occasion of the circumcision of his son, John the Baptist.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "My Baby Thinks He's a Train", "paragraph_text": "``My Baby Thinks He's a Train ''is a song written by Leroy Preston, and recorded by American country music artist Rosanne Cash. It was released in August 1981 as the second single from the album Seven Year Ache.`` My Baby Thinks He's a Train'' was Rosanne Cash's second number one on the country chart. The single stayed at number one for a single week and spent a total of 11 weeks on the country chart.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Babel (film)", "paragraph_text": "Stranded without food and water, Amelia and the children are forced to spend the night in the desert. Realizing that they will all die if she cannot get help, Amelia leaves the children behind to find someone, ordering them not to move. She eventually finds a US Border Patrol officer. After he places Amelia under arrest, she and the officer travel back to where she had left the children, but they are not there. Amelia is taken back to a Border Patrol station, where she is eventually informed that the children have been found and that Richard, while outraged, has agreed not to press charges. However, she is told she will be deported from the US where she has been working illegally. Her plea that she has been in the US for 16 years and has looked after the children (whom she considers \"her children\") for their entire lives does not secure lenient treatment. Amelia meets her son on the Mexican side of the Tijuana crossing, still in the red dress she wore for the wedding, now torn and dirty from her time in the desert.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Diane Guerrero", "paragraph_text": "Diane Guerrero (born July 21, 1986) is an American actress and author. She is known for her roles as inmate Maritza Ramos on the Netflix series Orange Is the New Black and Lina on Jane the Virgin. Among her other roles was a recurring role on Are We There Yet? Guerrero grew up in Boston and remained there after the rest of her family was deported to Colombia. She is an advocate for immigration reform. Her role on Orange Is the New Black has contributed to three consecutive wins for the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series. Guerrero is the author of In the Country We Love: My Family Divided, a memoir about her parents being detained and deported when she was fourteen.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Greece", "paragraph_text": "Greece has universal health care. In a 2000 World Health Organization report, its health care system ranked 14th in overall performance of 191 countries surveyed. In a 2013 Save the Children report, Greece was ranked the 19th best country (out of 176 countries surveyed) for the state of mothers and newborn babies. In 2010, there were 138 hospitals with 31,000 beds in the country, but on 1 July 2011, the Ministry for Health and Social Solidarity announced its plans to decrease the number to 77 hospitals with 36,035 beds, as a necessary reform to reduce expenses and further enhance healthcare standards.[disputed – discuss] Greece's healthcare expenditures as a percentage of GDP were 9.6% in 2007 according to a 2011 OECD report, just above the OECD average of 9.5%. The country has the largest number of doctors-to-population ratio of any OECD country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Dirty Dancing", "paragraph_text": "In the summer of 1963, 17 - year - old Frances ``Baby ''Houseman is vacationing with her family at Kellerman's, a resort in the Catskill Mountains. Baby, the younger of two daughters, plans to study economics in underdeveloped countries and enter the Peace Corps. Her father, Jake, is the doctor and friend of Max Kellerman, the resort proprietor. Baby develops a crush on the resort's dance instructor, Johnny Castle, and meets his cousin, Billy. The staff holds secret after - hours parties in their quarters, and Baby is surprised by their`` dirty dancing''. Intrigued, Baby receives a brief, impromptu dance lesson from Johnny.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 160744, "question": "From what country will she be deported?", "answer": "US", "paragraph_support_idx": 16 }, { "id": 66342, "question": "what percentage of babies are circumcised in the #1", "answer": "58%", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Voltron: Fleet of Doom", "paragraph_text": "This movie was released later on DVD by the company originally responsible for taking the Japanese source material and bringing it to American audiences, World Events Productions (WEP).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Twister (1996 film)", "paragraph_text": "27 years later in the present day in March 1996, 32 - year - old Jo (Helen Hunt), now a meteorologist, is reunited with her estranged husband, Bill ``The Extreme ''Harding (Bill Paxton), a former weather researcher and storm chaser, who has since become a weather reporter. He has a brand new Dodge Ram pickup truck and is planning to marry sex therapist Melissa Reeves (Jami Gertz). They need Jo's signature on the divorce papers and have tracked her down during an active bout of stormy weather. Jo has built four identical tornado research devices called DOROTHY, based on Bill's designs. The device is designed to release hundreds of sensors into the center of a tornado to study its structure from the inside, with the purpose of creating a more advanced storm warning system. Bill and Melissa join Jo and her team of storm chasers, and the team encounters Dr. Jonas Miller (Cary Elwes), a smug, corporate - funded meteorologist and storm chaser. When Bill discovers that Jonas has created a device based on DOROTHY, called DOT - 3, he vows to help Jo deploy DOROTHY before Miller can claim credit for the idea. The team receives news that an F1 tornado is forming not too far away so they get inside the vehicles.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Climate of South Carolina", "paragraph_text": "South Carolina has a humid subtropical climate, with hot summers and mild winters. On average, between 40 inches (1,000 mm) and 80 inches (2,000 mm) of precipitation falls annually across the state. Tropical cyclones, and afternoon thunderstorms due to hot and humid conditions, contribute to precipitation during the summer and sometimes fall months, while extratropical cyclones contribute to precipitation during the fall, winter, and spring months. Tornadoes happen mostly in the spring with a secondary peak in November. Hail and damaging winds often occur in summertime thunderstorms. Tornadoes are very uncommon in the summer unless a tropical.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Northern Ireland", "paragraph_text": "Northern Ireland was created in 1921, when Ireland was partitioned between Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland by the Government of Ireland Act 1920. Unlike Southern Ireland, which would become the Irish Free State in 1922, the majority of Northern Ireland's population were unionists, who wanted to remain within the United Kingdom. Most of these were the Protestant descendants of colonists from Great Britain. However, a significant minority, mostly Catholics, were nationalists who wanted a united Ireland independent of British rule. Today, the former generally see themselves as British and the latter generally see themselves as Irish, while a distinct Northern Irish or Ulster identity is claimed both by a large minority of Catholics and Protestants and by many of those who are non-aligned.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Tornadoes in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Nebraska is fifth overall for sheer numbers of tornadoes, while Indiana has had 88 violent tornado reports from the 1950 -- 2006 period, more than any state except Oklahoma. Iowa reported 3'900 almost as many as Texas. The deadliest tornado in US history, the Tri-State Tornado, struck Missouri, Illinois, and Indiana in March 1925. St. Louis, Missouri and neighboring East St. Louis, Illinois have been hit more than once by violent tornadoes, the most notorious of which was the St. Louis Tornado of May 1896. The New Richmond Tornado of May 1899 and the Flint, Michigan tornado of June 1953 also rank amongst the deadliest tornadoes in US history. The region was badly hit by the Palm Sunday Tornado Outbreak in April 1965 and by the Super Outbreak of April 1974. According to NCDC figures for the 1950 to 2006 period, Nebraska reported 2,440 tornadoes followed by Iowa (2,185), Illinois (2,086), Missouri (1,922), South Dakota (1,487), Minnesota (1,477), Indiana (1,327), North Dakota (1,216), Wisconsin (1,185), Michigan (981), and Ohio (916).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Michael Curtis (soccer)", "paragraph_text": "Michael Curtis (born in Dallas, Texas) is a retired American soccer defender who played in the World Indoor Soccer League, Major Indoor Soccer League and USISL. He currently coaches with DFW Tornados.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Take Me to Your World", "paragraph_text": "\"Take Me to Your World\" is a 1968 single written by Billy Sherrill and Glenn Sutton and recorded by Tammy Wynette. \"Take Me to Your World\" was Tammy Wynette's second number one on the country charts as a solo artist. The single stayed at number one for a single week and spent a total of fourteen weeks on the country chart.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "José Luis Ballester (sailor)", "paragraph_text": "José Luis Ballester (born 17 August 1968) is a Spanish sailor and Olympic Champion. He competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta and won a gold medal in the Tornado class.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Saint Helena", "paragraph_text": "The Governor's Cup is a yacht race between Cape Town and Saint Helena island, held every two years in December/January; the most recent event was in December 2010. In Jamestown a timed run takes place up Jacob's Ladder every year, with people coming from all over the world to take part.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "JP233", "paragraph_text": "Deployment was rather frightening for the flight crew, since it required the aircraft to fly low, straight and level over an enemy airfield, and when over the runway the pods would dispense their payload. During the Gulf War it was widely reported in the popular press that Tornados were shot down by AAA fire and MANPADS during delivery of the JP233 munition, but in fact none of the losses occurred during the attack phase of a JP233 mission. Only one aircraft was lost carrying the JP233 munition when Tornado \"ZA392\" crashed into the ground approximately after delivering the weapon at low level; enemy fire was not reported and it was believed that this was an incident of controlled flight into terrain.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Farewell Performance", "paragraph_text": "Farewell Performance is a 1963 British crime film directed by Robert Tronson and starring David Kernan, Frederick Jaeger and Delphi Lawrence. It is considered a lost film and is on the BFI National Archive's 75 Most Wanted List of missing films. It features musical interludes from Joe Meek acts like The Tornados and Heinz.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Shon Siemonek", "paragraph_text": "Shon Siemonek is a New Zealand-born ex-rugby union player for the Ballymore Tornadoes in the Australian Rugby Championship, where he played as a loose-head prop. Shon is a current director of Brus Media Pty Ltd a mobile gaming affiliate network and development studio.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Nestor Morales Stadium", "paragraph_text": "Nestor Morales Stadium is a baseball stadium in Humacao, Puerto Rico. The stadium, located at the Osvaldo Gil Bosch sports complex, is also used for soccer by the Grises de Humacao double A baseball team and the Tornados de Humacao who play in the Puerto Rico Soccer League.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "2007 World Sprint Speed Skating Championships", "paragraph_text": "The 2007 World Sprint Speed Skating Championships were held in Vikingskipet, Hamar, on 20–21 January 2007. They were the 36th World Championships, and it was the third time the Championships were held in Hamar. Several of the world's top skaters, including the top two from the 2006 men's and women's standings, did not take part in the competition, while Lee Kang-seok (men), Lee Sang-hwa and Wang Beixing (women), all among the top three in the 500 meter World Cup rankings, did not take part as they are competing in other colliding tournaments.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "2011 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2011 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup was the sixth edition of the FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup, governed by FIFA. Previous editions before 2005 were not governed by FIFA and were held under the title \"Beach Soccer World Championships\". Overall this was the 16th edition of the World Cup since its establishment in 1995. It took place at the Stadio del Mare (Stadium of the Sea), a temporary stadium at the Marina di Ravenna in Ravenna, Italy, the third tournament to take place outside Brazil, which started on September 1 and ended on September 11, 2011. However this was the first tournament to take place under the new two year basis; now the FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup takes place once every two years. The tournament was confirmed in March 2010. Brazil were the defending champions, after winning their fourth FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup title in 2009. The tournament was won by Russia, winning their first title in their first final after beating Brazil.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Tornado Girl", "paragraph_text": "\"Tornado Girl\" is the eighth episode in the third season, the 49th episode overall, of the American dramedy series \"Ugly Betty\", which aired on November 13, 2008. The episode was written by Peter Elkoff and directed by John Terlesky.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "2023 Rugby World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2023 Rugby World Cup, to be hosted by France, is scheduled to be the tenth Rugby World Cup, taking place in the year of the 200th anniversary of the 'invention' of the sport by William Webb Ellis.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Oklahoma", "paragraph_text": "Because of Oklahoma's position between zones of differing prevailing temperature and winds, weather patterns within the state can vary widely over relatively short distances and can change drastically in a short time. As an example, on November 11, 1911, the temperature at Oklahoma City reached 83 °F (28 °C) in the afternoon (the record high for that date), then an Arctic cold front of unprecedented intensity slammed across the state, causing the temperature to crash 66 degrees, down to 17 °F (−8 °C) at midnight (the record low for that date); thus, both the record high and record low for November 11 were set on the same date. This type of phenomenon is also responsible for many of the tornadoes in the area, such as the 1912 Oklahoma tornado outbreak, when a warm front traveled along a stalled cold front, resulting in an average of about one tornado per hour over the course of a day.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "The Return of the Vampire", "paragraph_text": "The Return of the Vampire is a horror film released in 1943 by Columbia Pictures. The film presents an Englishwoman's two encounters with a vampire. The first encounter takes place during World War I, and the second during World War II.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Greensburg (TV series)", "paragraph_text": "Greensburg is an American television series broadcast on the Planet Green television network. The show takes place in Greensburg, Kansas, and is about rebuilding the town in a sustainable way after being hit by the May 2007 EF5 tornado.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 64964, "question": "who has the most tornadoes in the world", "answer": "the UK", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 43937, "question": "when did the #1 take over northern ireland", "answer": "1921", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Mabee Center", "paragraph_text": "Mabee Center is an 11,300-seat multi-purpose arena, located on the campus of Oral Roberts University, in Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA. The building opened in 1972 and was designed by architect Frank Wallace, who designed most of the buildings on the ORU campus. It carries the name of Tulsa oilman John Mabee, whose foundation donated $1 million toward its construction.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Studio 54", "paragraph_text": "Studio 54 is a former nightclub and currently a Broadway theatre, located at 254 West 54th Street, between Eighth Avenue and Broadway in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. The building, originally built as the Gallo Opera House, opened in 1927, after which it changed names several times, eventually becoming CBS radio and television Studio 52.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Scuola Grande di San Giovanni Evangelista", "paragraph_text": "The Scuola Grande di San Giovanni Evangelista is a confraternity building located in the San Polo \"sestiere\" of the Italian city of Venice. Founded in the 13th century by a group of flagellants it was later to become one of the five \"Scuole Grandi\" of Venice. These organisations provided a variety of charitable functions in the city as well as becoming patrons of the arts. The Scuola Grande di San Giovanni Evangelista is notable for housing a relic of the true cross and for the series of paintings it commissioned from a number of famous Venetian artists depicting \"Miracles of the Holy Cross\". No longer in the school, these came into public ownership during the Napoleonic era and are now housed in the Gallerie dell'Accademia. The scuola is open to visitors on a limited number of days, detailed on the official website.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Elizabeth II", "paragraph_text": "With Elizabeth's accession, it seemed probable that the royal house would bear her husband's name, becoming the House of Mountbatten, in line with the custom of a wife taking her husband's surname on marriage. The British Prime Minister, Winston Churchill, and Elizabeth's grandmother, Queen Mary, favoured the retention of the House of Windsor, and so on 9 April 1952 Elizabeth issued a declaration that Windsor would continue to be the name of the royal house. The Duke complained, \"I am the only man in the country not allowed to give his name to his own children.\" In 1960, after the death of Queen Mary in 1953 and the resignation of Churchill in 1955, the surname Mountbatten-Windsor was adopted for Philip and Elizabeth's male-line descendants who do not carry royal titles.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Rhine", "paragraph_text": "The other third of the water flows through the Pannerdens Kanaal and redistributes in the IJssel and Nederrijn. The IJssel branch carries one ninth of the water flow of the Rhine north into the IJsselmeer (a former bay), while the Nederrijn carries approximately two ninths of the flow west along a route parallel to the Waal. However, at Wijk bij Duurstede, the Nederrijn changes its name and becomes the Lek. It flows farther west, to rejoin the Noord River into the Nieuwe Maas and to the North Sea.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Gibson-Todd House", "paragraph_text": "The Gibson-Todd House was the site of the hanging of John Brown, the abolitionist who led a raid on Harpers Ferry, West Virginia before the opening of the American Civil War. The property is located in Charles Town, West Virginia, and includes a large Victorian style house built in 1891.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Kleines Festspielhaus", "paragraph_text": "The House for Mozart (formerly known as Kleines Festspielhaus) is a theatre in Austria. It is one of the venues of the Salzburg Festival in the city of Salzburg. Since 1925, it was the first venue for the festival and carries the name House for Mozart since 2006. Mainly, operas and concerts are staged there.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Danggogae station", "paragraph_text": "Danggogae Station is a station on Line 4 of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway network. It is the northern terminus of Line 4, and is an elevated station. The name of the subway station comes from its local name. Regional names refer to the pass that travelers carried over because of wild animals. When the Jinjeop Line opens in 2021, Line 4 will be extended to Jinjeop Gwangneung Forest Station.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Zwrot", "paragraph_text": "Zwrot (meaning \"The Term or The Phrase\") is the main and largest Polish magazine in the Czech Republic, chief magazine of the Polish minority in Zaolzie. It appears monthly, with a circulation of 1,500 (2012). Published by the PZKO (The Polish Cultural and Educational Union), it is financially supported by the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic. The editorial staff is housed in Czeski Cieszyn (Český Těšín). The current editor-in-chief is Izabela Kraus-Żur.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Atlantic City, New Jersey", "paragraph_text": "One by one, additional large hotels were constructed along the boardwalk, including the Brighton, Chelsea, Shelburne, Ambassador, Ritz Carlton, Mayflower, Madison House, and the Breakers. The Quaker-owned Chalfonte House, opened in 1868, and Haddon House, opened in 1869, flanked North Carolina Avenue at the beach end. Their original wood-frame structures would be enlarged, and even moved closer to the beach, over the years. The modern Chalfonte Hotel, eight stories tall, opened in 1904. The modern Haddon Hall was built in stages and was completed in 1929, at eleven stories. By this time, they were under the same ownership and merged into the Chalfonte-Haddon Hall Hotel, becoming the city's largest hotel with nearly 1,000 rooms. By 1930, the Claridge, the city's last large hotel before the casinos, opened its doors. The 400-room Claridge was built by a partnership that included renowned Philadelphia contractor John McShain. At 24 stories, it would become known as the \"Skyscraper By The Sea.\" The city became known as the \"The World's Playground.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "El Dorado Kitchen", "paragraph_text": "El Dorado Kitchen opened in 2005. It took over the location of the Sonoma location of Piatti. Ryan Fancher left French Laundry to become the founding executive chef at EDK. He also served as owner of EDK alongside Tim Harmon.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Trolleybuses in Quito", "paragraph_text": "The Quito trolleybus system is a bus rapid transit line located in Quito, Ecuador, which opened in 1995 and by 2002 was carrying approximately 220,000 passengers per day. It is managed by an agency of the municipality known as Empresa Metropolitana de Servicios y Administración del Transporte (EMSAT) and is operated by Compañía Trolebús Quito, S.A. The service is named (informally) \"El Trole\", Spanish for \"The Trolley\", meaning trolleybus; this name is shown on signage at stops, and is used in publicity and marketing. Before being a subsystem of a larger bus rapid transit system of Quito known as MetrobusQ, \"El Trole\" was itself a whole system. Its formal name is Corredor Trole or; simply \"Trole\", currently.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Nina Kraus", "paragraph_text": "Nina Kraus is a professor at Northwestern University, investigating the neural encoding of speech and music and its plasticity where she is the Hugh S. Knowles Chair in audiology.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "California Academy of Sciences", "paragraph_text": "The California Academy of Sciences is a natural history museum in San Francisco, California, that is among the largest museums of natural history in the world, housing over 26 million specimens. The Academy began in 1853 as a learned society and still carries out a large amount of original research, with exhibits and education becoming significant endeavors of the museum during the 20th century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "The Poll Diaries", "paragraph_text": "The Poll Diaries () is a 2010 German drama film directed by Chris Kraus. \"The Poll Diaries\" is the most expensive film that has ever been made in Estonia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Garage door opener", "paragraph_text": "The electric overhead garage door opener was invented by C.G. Johnson in 1926 in Hartford City, Indiana. Electric Garage Door openers did not become popular until Era Meter Company of Chicago offered one after World War II where the overhead garage door could be opened via a key pad located on a post at the end of the driveway or a switch inside the garage.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Villa Jeanneret", "paragraph_text": "Villa Jeanneret and Villa La Roche are two houses in Paris, designed by Le Corbusier and Pierre Jeanneret in 1923-1925 and renovated by Charlotte Perriand in 1928. No longer inhabited, they house the Fondation Le Corbusier museum and archives. The houses are located at 8-10 square du Docteur-Blanche, 16th arrondissement, Paris. Villa Jeanneret is not open to the public.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Emlyn Hughes House", "paragraph_text": "Emlyn Hughes House is a landmark four storey office building located on the intersection of Abbey Road and Holker Street in Barrow-in-Furness, England. It is named after local footballer Emlyn Hughes who captained both Liverpool F.C. and the England national team, a statue of Hughes is also located outside of the building. Emlyn Hughes House replaces the Art Deco Ritz Cinema and was designed by Bowker Sadler architects and built by Capita Symonds for Barrow Borough Council. There was much speculation that the development would become a 'white elephant' because a year after completion in 2008 the whole building remained vacant.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "John Harris Bridge", "paragraph_text": "The John Harris Bridge, also known locally as the South Bridge, carries Interstate 83 and the Capital Beltway across the Susquehanna River connecting downtown Harrisburg, Pennsylvania and its western suburbs in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania. The bridge officially opened on January 22, 1960 and was later widened to six lanes. It was named in honor of John Harris, the founder of the city of Harrisburg. Since 1997, the bridge was designated to carry the Capital Beltway which loops the Harrisburg metropolitan area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Michael Kraus (minister)", "paragraph_text": "Michael Kraus (March 26, 1908 – November 16, 2003) was a Canadian entrepreneur and minister in the New Apostolic Church.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 130085, "question": "What is the name of the state where Kraus House is located?", "answer": "Missouri", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 89676, "question": "when did #1 become an open carry state", "answer": "October 11, 2014", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "Although colloquially Delhi and New Delhi as names are used interchangeably to refer to the jurisdiction of NCT of Delhi, these are two distinct entities, and the latter is a small part of the former.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Varnakkazhchakal", "paragraph_text": "Varnakkazchchakal is a 2000 Indian Malayalam film, directed Sundar Das. The film stars Dileep, Poornima Mohan, Suman Ranganath and Jagathy Sreekumar in lead roles. The film had musical score by Mohan Sithara.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Delhi Airport Metro Express", "paragraph_text": "The total length of the line is 22.7 km, of which 15.7 km is underground and 7 km, from Buddha Jayanti Park to Mahipalpur, is elevated. The trains travel at up to 135 km / h, instead of up to 80 km / h as on the rest of the metro. Travel time is 19 minutes from New Delhi to the Airport's terminal 3, T3.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "The Delhi Metro is a rapid transit system serving New Delhi, Delhi, Gurgaon, Faridabad, Noida, and Ghaziabad in the National Capital Region of India. Delhi Metro is the world's 12th largest metro system in terms of length. Delhi Metro was India's first modern public transportation system, which had revolutionised travel by providing a fast, reliable, safe, and comfortable means of transport. The network consists of six lines with a total length of 189.63 kilometres (117.83 miles) with 142 stations, of which 35 are underground, five are at-grade, and the remainder are elevated. All stations have escalators, elevators, and tactile tiles to guide the visually impaired from station entrances to trains. It has a combination of elevated, at-grade, and underground lines, and uses both broad gauge and standard gauge rolling stock. Four types of rolling stock are used: Mitsubishi-ROTEM Broad gauge, Bombardier MOVIA, Mitsubishi-ROTEM Standard gauge, and CAF Beasain Standard gauge.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Rashtrapati Bhavan", "paragraph_text": "Rashtrapati Bhavan Location in New Delhi, Delhi, India Former names Viceroy's House Alternative names Presidential House General information Architectural style Delhi Order Location Rajpath, New Delhi, India Coordinates 28 ° 36 ′ 51.63 ''N 77 ° 11 ′ 59.29'' E  /  28.6143417 ° N 77.1998028 ° E  / 28.6143417; 77.1998028 Current tenants Ram Nath Kovind (President of India) Construction started 1912 Completed 1929; 89 years ago (1929) Technical details Size 130 hectare (321 acre) Floor area 200,000 sq ft (19,000 m) Design and construction Architect Edwin Lutyens", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "New Delhi is a major junction in the Indian railway network and is the headquarters of the Northern Railway. The five main railway stations are New Delhi railway station, Old Delhi, Nizamuddin Railway Station, Anand Vihar Railway Terminal and Sarai Rohilla. The Delhi Metro, a mass rapid transit system built and operated by Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC), serves many parts of Delhi and the neighbouring cities Faridabad, Gurgaon, Noida and Ghaziabad. As of August 2011, the metro consists of six operational lines with a total length of 189 km (117 mi) and 146 stations, and several other lines are under construction. It carries millions of passengers every day. In addition to the Delhi Metro, a suburban railway, the Delhi Suburban Railway exists.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Daylight Robbery (novel)", "paragraph_text": "Daylight Robbery is a thriller novel written by Surender Mohan Pathak, a Hindi writer from Delhi, India.Originally published in 1980 by Shanu Paperbacks, it was translated into English by Sudarshan Purohit and published by Blaft Publications, Chennai, India in 2010.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Delhi Institute of Tool Engineering", "paragraph_text": "Delhi Institute of Tool Engineering (DITE) is a Delhi State Government Engineering college located in the Wazirpur Industrial Area of New Delhi, India.It has a new and specialized programme Mechatronics and Tool Engineering.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Mukti Mohan", "paragraph_text": "Mukti Mohan is a contemporary dancer from India. She participated in Star One's dance reality show \"Zara Nachke Dikha\". She was part of the winning team \"Masakkali Girls\". She also appeared in the comedy show \"Comedy Circus Ka Jadoo\" on Sony TV channel, with Kapil Sharma as her comedy partner, replacing Kavita. Recently she featured in Coke Studio season 4 video of the song \"Teriyaan Tu Jaane\", by Amit Trivedi. She has hosted the second season of Dil Hai Hindustani along with Raghav Juyal.She has also participated in the \"Jhalak Dikhla Jaa\" wild card entry. Mohan has also appeared in the films \"Blood Brothers\", \"Saheb, Biwi Aur Gangster\", \"Hate Story\" and \"Daruvu\". Currently, she is appearing in a YouTube web series \"Inmates\" of the popular YouTube channel TVF. She also appears on \"Nach Baliye 7\". The Indian play back singer Neeti Mohan and dancer Shakti Mohan are her elder sisters.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "All India Institute of Ayurveda, Delhi", "paragraph_text": "The All India Institute of Ayurveda, Delhi (abbreviated AIIA Delhi or AIIAD) is a public Ayurveda medicine & research institution located in New Delhi, India.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "With a total area of 42.7 km2 (16.5 sq mi), New Delhi forms a small part of the Delhi metropolitan area. Because the city is located on the Indo-Gangetic Plain, there is little difference in elevation across the city. New Delhi and surrounding areas were once a part of the Aravalli Range; all that is left of those mountains is the Delhi Ridge, which is also called the Lungs of Delhi. While New Delhi lies on the floodplains of the Yamuna River, it is essentially a landlocked city. East of the river is the urban area of Shahdara. New Delhi falls under the seismic zone-IV, making it vulnerable to earthquakes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah", "paragraph_text": "The major part of the shooting is done in Mumbai. However, some parts of the show have also been shot in places such as Gujarat, New Delhi, Goa and in foreign locations such as London, Brussels, Paris and Hong Kong.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Swades", "paragraph_text": "Mohan Bhargava (Shah Rukh Khan) is an Indian who works as a Project Manager on the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) program at NASA in the United States. He keeps worrying about Kaveri Amma (Kishori Ballal), a nanny at his home in Uttar Pradesh who looked after him during his childhood days. After his parents’ death, Kaveri Amma went to live in an old age home in Delhi and lost contact with Mohan. Mohan wishes to go to India and bring Kaveri Amma back with him to the US. He takes a few weeks off and travels to India. He goes to the old age home but learns that Kaveri Amma no longer lives there and went to a village named Charanpur a few years ago. Mohan then decides to travel to Charanpur, in Uttar Pradesh.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "Connaught Place, one of North India's largest commercial and financial centres, is located in the northern part of New Delhi. Adjoining areas such as Barakhamba Road, ITO are also major commercial centres. Government and quasi government sector was the primary employer in New Delhi. The city's service sector has expanded due in part to the large skilled English-speaking workforce that has attracted many multinational companies. Key service industries include information technology, telecommunications, hotels, banking, media and tourism.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Delhi, Wisconsin", "paragraph_text": "Delhi, Wisconsin is a ghost town in the town of Rushford, Winnebago County, Wisconsin, United States. It is located on County Highway E between Omro and Eureka at the junction of the Fox River and Waukau Creek. Delhi was also known as La Borde's Landing. 1980 census records identify Delhi as Island Park. Delhi had an established post office between 1850-1893.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Holiday Inn New Delhi Mayur Vihar NOIDA", "paragraph_text": "Holiday Inn New Delhi / Mayur Vihar / NOIDA is a hotel in East Delhi, India, near NOIDA. It opened in 2011 alongside its sister property, Crowne Plaza New Delhi / Mayur Vihar / NOIDA. The hotel is part of the InterContinental Hotels Group, an international hotel chain hotel founded in 1946. This property is owned by Eros Resorts & Hotels Limited, a Delhi-based real estate and hospitality group who also own and manage other properties in the area. The management of the hotel is delegated to hoteliers from India and abroad.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Arjun College of Technology", "paragraph_text": "Arjun College of Technology located at Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India, is a private self-financing engineering institute. It was established in 2013 as part of the Arjun Group of Concerns. The college is approved by AICTE, New Delhi and affiliated to the Anna University, Chennai.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "History of Delhi", "paragraph_text": "The Indian capital city of Delhi has a long history, and has been an important political centre of India as the capital of several empires. Much of Delhi's ancient history finds no record and this may be regarded as a lost period of its history. Extensive coverage of Delhi's history begins with the onset of the Delhi Sultanate in the 12th century. Since then, Delhi has been the centre of a succession of mighty empires and powerful kingdoms, making Delhi one of the longest serving Capitals and one of the oldest inhabited cities in the world. It is considered to be a city built, destroyed and rebuilt several times, as outsiders who successfully invaded the Indian Subcontinent would ransack the existing capital city in Delhi, and those who came to conquer and stay would be so impressed by the city's strategic location as to make it their capital and rebuild it in their own way. The core of Delhi's tangible heritage is Hindu, Islamic (spanning over seven centuries of Islamic rule over the city) with expansive British - era architecture in Lutyens' Delhi dating to the British rule in India.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Sarita Vihar", "paragraph_text": "Sarita Vihar District Subdivision Sarita Vihar Location in Delhi, India Coordinates: 28 ° 32 ′ 02 ''N 77 ° 17 ′ 24'' E  /  28.533890 ° N 77.289942 ° E  / 28.533890; 77.289942 Coordinates: 28 ° 32 ′ 02 ''N 77 ° 17 ′ 24'' E  /  28.533890 ° N 77.289942 ° E  / 28.533890; 77.289942 Country India State Delhi District South East Delhi Government Body South Delhi Municipal Corporation Languages Official Hindi, English Time zone IST (UTC + 5: 30) PIN 110076 Nearest city Gurgaon / Faridabad / Noida / Greater Noida Lok Sabha constituency South Delhi Civic agency South Delhi Municipal Corporation", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "Calcutta (now Kolkata) was the capital of India during the British Raj until December 1911. However, Delhi had served as the political and financial centre of several empires of ancient India and the Delhi Sultanate, most notably of the Mughal Empire from 1649 to 1857. During the early 1900s, a proposal was made to the British administration to shift the capital of the British Indian Empire (as it was officially called) from Calcutta to Delhi. Unlike Calcutta, which was located on the eastern coast of India, Delhi was at the centre of northern India and the Government of British India felt that it would be logistically easier to administer India from the latter rather than the former.", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 161859, "question": "Where did Mohan travel?", "answer": "India", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 }, { "id": 11098, "question": "In what part of #1 is Delhi located?", "answer": "the centre of northern India", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 } ]

[ "IND", "IN", "India", "in", "Hindustan" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Continental System", "paragraph_text": "The Continental System or Continental Blockade (known in French as Blocus continental) was the foreign policy of Napoleon I of France in his struggle against Great Britain during the Napoleonic Wars. As a response to the naval blockade of the French coasts enacted by the British government on 16 May 1806, Napoleon issued the Berlin Decree on 21 November 1806, which brought into effect a large - scale embargo against British trade. The embargo was effective intermittently. It ended on 11 April 1814 after Napoleon's first abdication. In terms of economic damage to Great Britain, the blockade was largely ineffective; however, British exportations to the continent saw a loss from 25% to 55% of their total value in between the years 1802 and 1806. As Napoleon realized that extensive trade was going through Spain and Russia, he invaded those two countries. His forces were tied down in Spain -- in which the Spanish War of Independence was occurring simultaneously -- and suffered severely in, and ultimately retreated from, Russia in 1812.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Chester-le-Street", "paragraph_text": "Chester-le-Street () is a town in County Durham, England. Its history goes back to the building of a Roman fort called Concangis. This Roman fort is the \"Chester\" (from the Latin castra) of the town's name; the \"Street\" refers to the paved Roman road that ran north–south through the town, and which is now called Front Street.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "L'Àgora", "paragraph_text": "L'Àgora (, ; , \"The Agora\") is a multifunctional covered space designed by Santiago Calatrava located in the \"Ciutat de les Arts i les Ciències\" (City of Arts and Sciences) complex, Valencia, Spain. The building has a height of 80 m and occupies 5,000 m of elliptic space. Depending on the configuration of the space, a maximum seating capacity for 6,075 people can be reached.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "The Diabolical Dr. Z", "paragraph_text": "\"The Diabolical Dr. Z\" was released in Spain in August 1966 under the title \"Miss Muerte\" with a running time of 86 minutes. The film had 360,990 admissions in Spain and grossed a 2019 equivalent of 30,787.00€ domestically. It was released in France on November 22, 1967 under the title of \"Dans les griffes du maniaque\" () with a running time of 90 minutes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Chester Ellis Wright", "paragraph_text": "Lieutenant Chester Ellis Wright was an American World War I flying ace credited with nine confirmed aerial victories. He was the top scoring ace for his squadron.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Monastery of Sant Joan de les Abadesses", "paragraph_text": "The Monastery of Sant Joan de les Abadesses is a monastery in the comarca of Ripollès, Catalonia, northern Spain. Until the year 945 it was the only female monastery in the area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Our Lady of Victory Church (Manhattan)", "paragraph_text": "The Church of Our Lady of Victory, also known as the War Memorial Church, is a Roman Catholic parish church in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York, located at 60 William Street on the northeast corner of William Street and Pine Street in the Financial District of Manhattan, New York City. It was established in 1944, during World War II, by Francis Cardinal Spellman, Archbishop of New York and Apostolic Vicar for the U.S. Armed Forces from December 11, 1939 to December 2, 1967, at a time when \"victory in the war was in sight but not yet assured.\" A quote from Cardinal Spellman greets worshipers at the front door: \"This Holy Shrine is dedicated to Our Lady of Victory in Thanksgiving for Victory won by our valiant dead, our soldier’s blood, our country’s tears, shed to defend men’s rights and win back men’s hearts to God.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Clifford Chester Sims", "paragraph_text": "Clifford Chester Sims (June 18, 1942 – February 21, 1968) was a United States Army soldier and a recipient of America's highest military decoration—the Medal of Honor—for his actions in the Vietnam War.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Chester Nez", "paragraph_text": "Chester Nez (January 23, 1921 -- June 4, 2014) was an American veteran of World War II. He was the last original Navajo code talker who served in the United States Marine Corps during the war.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Nigeria", "paragraph_text": "According to the International Organization for Migration, Nigeria witnessed a dramatic increase in remittances sent home from overseas Nigerians, going from USD 2.3 billion in 2004 to 17.9 billion in 2007. The United States accounts for the largest portion of official remittances, followed by the United Kingdom, Italy, Canada, Spain and France. On the African continent, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Chad, Libya and South Africa are important source countries of remittance flows to Nigeria, while China is the biggest remittance-sending country in Asia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Trena Cox", "paragraph_text": "Trena Mary Cox (1895–1980) was an English stained glass artist. She was born Emma Trina Cox on 3 March 1895, in the Lower Bebington Urban District (i.e. not Bebbington), on the Wirral Peninsula and grew up around Birkenhead. She trained at the Laird School of Art. In 1924 she moved to Chester and set up her studio in Victoria Road Chester, Cheshire, either adjacent to, or within, the Kaleyard works of Williams, Gamon & Co., with whom she remained associated until the Second World War. In about 1945, Trena Cox moved to 96 Watergate Street, Chester, which remained her home and, at least later, her studio, until she retired in 1972 (at the age of 77) and died, on 11 February 1980 (not in 1977, as frequently quoted). Most of her works are in churches in the old counties of Cheshire and Lancashire. She was a fellow of the British Society of Master Glass Painters. The authors of the \"Buildings of England\" series comment that \"her windows are usually small, her figures modest, often with small-scale detail in the quarries\" (small pieces of square or diamond-shaped glass set diagonally).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Spain during World War I", "paragraph_text": "Spain remained neutral throughout World War I between 28 July 1914 and 11 November 1918, and despite domestic economic difficulties, it was considered ``one of the most important neutral countries in Europe by 1915 ''. Spain had enjoyed neutrality during the political difficulties of pre-war Europe, and continued its neutrality after the war until the Spanish Civil War began in 1936. While there was no direct military involvement in the war, German forces were interned in Spanish Guinea in late 1915.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Chester, Idaho", "paragraph_text": "Chester is an unincorporated community in Fremont County, Idaho, United States. Chester is located on U.S. Route 20 northeast of St. Anthony. Chester has a post office with ZIP code 83421.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "The Great Outdoors (film)", "paragraph_text": "Chicagoan Chester ``Chet ''Ripley, his wife, Connie, and their two sons, Buckley`` Buck'' and Ben, are on vacation at a lake resort in Pechoggin, Wisconsin during the summer. All is going as planned until Connie's sister, Kate, Kate's investment broker husband, Roman Craig, and their twin daughters, Mara and Cara, crash the vacation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Dude, Where's My Car?", "paragraph_text": "Thwarted, the five alien women merge to become a giantess who swallows Tommy alive. The giantess then crawls out of the amusement center and chases Jesse and Chester. The cultists tell them to activate the Photon Accelerator Annihilation Beam on the Transfunctioner. However, the button that activates it is too far in to reach. At the last second, Chester remembers the nature show with the tool - using chimps and uses a straw to push the recessed button, thus destroying the alien (Tommy survives, but Christie breaks up with him in favor of Nelson). The protectors thank Jesse, Chester and the twins for saving the world, and erase their minds concerning the events. The protectors park the duo's car, a Renault Le Car, behind a mail truck for them to find the following morning. Jesse and Chester salvage their relationships with the twins and discover the special treat from the girls turns out to be matching knitted caps and scarves. The protectors leave a gift for their girlfriends (and, for the two men): Breast Enhancement Necklaces. The film ends with Jesse, Chester, and the twins going in Jesse's car out for Chinese food while arguing what the tattoo said on each other's back.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Northern Seven Years' War", "paragraph_text": "1762 brought two new countries into the war. Britain declared war against Spain on 4 January 1762; Spain reacted by issuing their own declaration of war against Britain on 18 January. Portugal followed by joining the war on Britain's side. Spain, aided by the French, launched an invasion of Portugal and succeeded in capturing Almeida. The arrival of British reinforcements stalled a further Spanish advance, and the Battle of Valencia de Alcántara saw British-Portuguese forces overrun a major Spanish supply base. The invaders were stopped on the heights in front of Abrantes (called the pass to Lisbon) where the Anglo-Portuguese were entrenched. Eventually the Anglo-Portuguese army, aided by guerrillas and practicing a scorched earth strategy, chased the greatly reduced Franco-Spanish army back to Spain, recovering almost all the lost towns, among them the Spanish headquarters in Castelo Branco full of wounded and sick that had been left behind.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "La Libre Belgique", "paragraph_text": "La Libre Belgique (; literally \"The Free Belgium\"), currently sold under the name La Libre, is a major daily newspaper in Belgium. Together with \"Le Soir\", it is one of the country's major French language newspapers and is popular in Brussels and Wallonia. \"La Libre\" was founded in 1884 and has historically had a centre-right Christian Democratic political stance. The papers is particularly celebrated for its role as an underground newspaper during World War I and World War II when Belgium was occupied. Since 1999, the newspaper has become increasingly liberal but is still considered more conservative than \"Le Soir\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Le Château Apartments", "paragraph_text": "Le Château Apartments is an apartment building in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is located at 1321 Sherbrooke Street West in the Golden Square Mile neighbourhood of Downtown Montreal.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Paul Freedman", "paragraph_text": "Paul H. Freedman is the Chester D Tripp Professor of History at Yale University. He specializes in medieval social history, the history of Spain, the study of medieval peasantry, and medieval cuisine.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Le Crapouillot", "paragraph_text": "Le Crapouillot was a French magazine started by Jean Galtier-Boissière as a satiric publication in France, during World War I. In the trenches during World War I, the affectionate term for \"le petit crapaud\", \"the little toad\" was used by French soldiers, the \"poilus\", to designate small trench-mortars.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 162308, "question": "which country is Chester -le- street?", "answer": "England", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 }, { "id": 78073, "question": "when did #1 go to war with spain", "answer": "1585 -- 1604", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Columbus Day", "paragraph_text": "Many Italian - Americans observe Columbus Day as a celebration of their heritage, and the first such celebration was held in New York City on October 12, 1866. The day was first enshrined as a legal holiday in the United States through the lobbying of Angelo Noce, a first generation Italian, in Denver. The first statewide holiday was proclaimed by Colorado governor Jesse F. McDonald in 1905, and it was made a statutory holiday in 1907. In April 1934, as a result of lobbying by the Knights of Columbus and New York City Italian leader Generoso Pope, Congress and President Franklin Delano Roosevelt proclaimed October 12 a federal holiday under the name Columbus Day.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Australia Day", "paragraph_text": "The meaning and significance of Australia Day has evolved over time. Unofficially, or historically, the date has also been variously named ``Anniversary Day '',`` Foundation Day'', and ``ANA Day ''. 26 January 1788 marked the proclamation of British sovereignty over the eastern seaboard of Australia (then known as New Holland). Although it was not known as Australia Day until over a century later, records of celebrations on 26 January date back to 1808, with the first official celebration of the formation of New South Wales held in 1818. On New Year's Day 1901, the British colonies of Australia formed a federation, marking the birth of modern Australia. A national day of unity and celebration was looked for. It was not until 1935 that all Australian states and territories adopted use of the term`` Australia Day'' to mark the date, and not until 1994 that the date was consistently marked by a public holiday on that day by all states and territories.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Earth Day", "paragraph_text": "Earth Day is an annual event celebrated on April 22. Worldwide, various events are held to demonstrate support for environmental protection. First celebrated in 1970, Earth Day events in more than 193 countries are now coordinated globally by the Earth Day Network.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Memorial Day", "paragraph_text": "In 1868, copying a southern annual observance, General John A. Logan of the Grand Army of the Republic, an organization of Union veterans founded in Decatur, Illinois, established Decoration Day as a time for the nation to decorate the graves of the Union war dead with flowers. By the 20th century, various Union and Confederate memorial traditions, celebrated on different days, merged, and Memorial Day eventually extended to honor all Americans who died while in the military service.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Father's Day", "paragraph_text": "In the United Kingdom Father's Day is celebrated on the third Sunday of June. The day does not have a long tradition; The English Year (2006) states that it entered British popular culture ``sometime after the Second World War, not without opposition ''.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Chinese New Year", "paragraph_text": "Chinese New Year, also known as the Spring Festival in modern China, is an important Chinese festival celebrated at the turn of the traditional lunisolar Chinese calendar. It is one of several Lunar New Years in Asia. Celebrations traditionally run from the evening preceding the first day, to the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first calendar month. The first day of the New Year falls on the new moon between January 21 and February 20 In 2018, the first day of the Lunar New Year was on Friday, 16 February, initiating the year of the Dog.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "President of Mexico", "paragraph_text": "President of the United Mexican States Seal of the Federal Government of Mexico Mexican Presidential Standard Incumbent Enrique Peña Nieto since December 1, 2012 (2012 - 12 - 01) Executive branch of the Mexican Government Office of the President of Mexico Residence Los Pinos Seat Mexico City Appointer Federal Electoral Tribunal Term length Six years (sexenio) Single term Constituting instrument Constitution of Mexico Inaugural holder Guadalupe Victoria Formation October 10, 1824 Salary MXN $208,570.92 per month, before taxes. Website en.presidencia.gob.mx", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Mandela Day", "paragraph_text": "Nelson Mandela International Day (or Mandela Day) is an annual international day in honour of Nelson Mandela, celebrated each year on 18 July, Mandela's birthday. The day was officially declared by the United Nations in November 2009, with the first UN Mandela Day held on 18 July 2010. However, other groups began celebrating Mandela Day on 18 July 2009.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "First hundred days", "paragraph_text": "The first hundred days of a first - term presidency of a President of the United States are sometimes used to measure the successes and accomplishments of a president during the time that the president's power and influence are at their greatest. The term was coined in a July 24, 1933, radio address by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, although he was referring to the 100 - day session of the 73rd United States Congress between March 9 and June 17, rather than the first 100 days of his administration.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Chinese New Year", "paragraph_text": "Chinese New Year,, usually known as the Spring Festival in modern China, is an important Chinese festival celebrated at the turn of the traditional lunisolar Chinese calendar. It is one of several Lunar New Years in Asia. Celebrations traditionally run from the evening preceding the first day, to the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first calendar month. The first day of the New Year falls on the new moon between January 21 and February 20 In 2018, the first day of the Lunar New Year was on Friday, 16 February, initiating the year of the Dog.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Independence Day (United States)", "paragraph_text": "In 1779, July 4 fell on a Sunday. The holiday was celebrated on Monday, July 5. In 1781, the Massachusetts General Court became the first state legislature to recognize July 4 as a state celebration. In 1783, Moravians in Salem, North Carolina, held a celebration of July 4 with a challenging music program assembled by Johann Friedrich Peter. This work was titled The Psalm of Joy. This is recognized as the first recorded celebration and is still celebrated there today. In 1870, the U.S. Congress made Independence Day an unpaid holiday for federal employees. In 1938, Congress changed Independence Day to a paid federal holiday.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Fiambre", "paragraph_text": "Fiambre started out from the tradition in Guatemala of taking dead family members their favorite dishes to the cemeteries for the Day of the Dead. As all different families brought food to the celebrations, they became mixed, eventually mixing them together to this all-encompassing salad. Ingredients usually include numerous sausages and cold cuts, pickled baby corn and onion, beets, pacaya flower, different cheeses, olives, chicken, and sometimes even brussels sprouts.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Flag Day (United States)", "paragraph_text": "In 1916, President Woodrow Wilson issued a proclamation that officially established June 14 as Flag Day; in August 1946, National Flag Day was established by an Act of Congress. Flag Day is not an official federal holiday. Title 36 of the United States Code, Subtitle I, Part A, CHAPTER 1, § 110 is the official statute on Flag Day; however, it is at the president's discretion to officially proclaim the observance. On June 14, 1937, Pennsylvania became the first U.S. state to celebrate Flag Day as a state holiday, beginning in the town of Rennerdale. New York Statutes designate the second Sunday in June as Flag Day, a state holiday.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Thanksgiving (United States)", "paragraph_text": "Thanksgiving, or Thanksgiving Day, is a public holiday celebrated on the fourth Thursday of November in the United States. It originated as a harvest festival. Thanksgiving has been celebrated nationally on and off since 1789, after Congress requested a proclamation by George Washington. It has been celebrated as a federal holiday every year since 1863, when, during the American Civil War, President Abraham Lincoln proclaimed a national day of ``Thanksgiving and Praise to our beneficent Father who dwelleth in the Heavens, ''to be celebrated on the last Thursday in November. Together with Christmas and the New Year, Thanksgiving is a part of the broader fall / winter holiday season in the U.S.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Enrico Cuccia", "paragraph_text": "Enrico Cuccia (24 November 1907 – 23 June 2000) was an Italian banker, who was the first and long-term president of Mediobanca SpA, the Milan-based investment bank, and a significant figure in the history of capitalism in Italy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Day of the Dead", "paragraph_text": "The Day of the Dead celebrations in Mexico developed from ancient traditions among its pre-Columbian cultures. Rituals celebrating the deaths of ancestors had been observed by these civilizations perhaps for as long as 2,500 -- 3,000 years. The festival that developed into the modern Day of the Dead fell in the ninth month of the Aztec calendar, about the beginning of August, and was celebrated for an entire month. The festivities were dedicated to the goddess known as the ``Lady of the Dead '', corresponding to the modern La Calavera Catrina.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 16, "title": "List of Teachers' Days", "paragraph_text": "The idea of celebrating Teachers' Day took root in many countries during the 19th century; in most cases, they celebrate a local educator or an important milestone in education. This is the primary reason why countries celebrate this day on different dates, unlike many other International Days. For example, Argentina has commemorated Domingo Faustino Sarmiento's death on 11 September) since 1915; while in India Guru Purnima is traditionally observed as a day to venerate teachers, the birthday of the second president Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (5 September) is also celebrated as Teacher's Day since 1962.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Day of the Dead", "paragraph_text": "The Day of the Dead (Spanish: Día de Muertos) is a Mexican holiday celebrated throughout Mexico, in particular the Central and South regions, and by people of Mexican heritage elsewhere. The multi-day holiday focuses on gatherings of family and friends to pray for and remember friends and family members who have died, and help support their spiritual journey. In 2008, the tradition was inscribed in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Day of the Dead", "paragraph_text": "Day of the Dead Día de Muertos altar commemorating a deceased man in Milpa Alta, México DF Observed by Mexico, and regions with large Hispanic populations Type Cultural Syncretic Christian Significance Prayer and remembrance of friends and family members who have died Celebrations Creation of altars to remember the dead, traditional dishes for Day of the Dead Begins October 31 Ends November 2 Date October 31 Next time 31 October 2018 (2018 - 10 - 31) Frequency Annual Related to All Saints' Day", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Friendship Day", "paragraph_text": "Friendship Day celebrations occur on different dates in different countries. The first World Friendship Day was proposed for 30 July in 1958, by the World Friendship Crusade. On 27 April 2011 the General Assembly of the United Nations declared 30 July as official International Friendship Day. However, some countries, including India, celebrate Friendship Day on the first Sunday of August. In Oberlin, Ohio, Friendship Day is celebrated on 8 April each year.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 59766, "question": "where was the day of the dead first celebrated", "answer": "Mexico", "paragraph_support_idx": 15 }, { "id": 47644, "question": "how long is the presidents term in #1", "answer": "Six years", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 } ]

[ "Six Years" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Duane Chase", "paragraph_text": "Duane Dudley Chase (born December 12, 1950) is an American software engineer and former actor best remembered as Kurt von Trapp in \"The Sound of Music\" (1965). He played Danny Matthews in \"The Big Valley\" for one episode.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Tennessee", "paragraph_text": "According to the U.S. Census Bureau, as of 2015, Tennessee had an estimated population of 6,600,299, which is an increase of 50,947, from the prior year and an increase of 254,194, or 4.01%, since the year 2010. This includes a natural increase since the last census of 142,266 people (that is 493,881 births minus 351,615 deaths), and an increase from net migration of 219,551 people into the state. Immigration from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 59,385 people, and migration within the country produced a net increase of 160,166 people. Twenty percent of Tennesseans were born outside the South in 2008, compared to a figure of 13.5% in 1990.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Kym Karath", "paragraph_text": "Anthea Kym ``Kym ''Karath (born August 4, 1958 in Los Angeles, California, U.S.) is an American actress, best known for her role as Gretl, the youngest of the Von Trapp children, in The Sound of Music.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Jai Uttal", "paragraph_text": "Jai Uttal (born June 12, 1951) is an American musician. He is a Grammy-nominated singer and “a pioneer in the world music community with his eclectic East-meets-West sound.” He is a “sacred music composer, recording artist, multi-instrumentalist, and ecstatic vocalist, [who] combines influences from India with American rock and jazz to create a stimulating and exotic multicultural fusion that is truly world spirit music.”", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Wolves (1930 film)", "paragraph_text": "Wolves is a 1930 British crime film directed by Albert de Courville and starring Charles Laughton, Dorothy Gish and Malcolm Keen. The screenplay concerns a woman who is captured by a gang of criminals operating in the Arctic, only for the leader to later help her escape. It was based on a play by Georges Toudouze. It was produced by Herbert Wilcox's British and Dominions Film Corporation, but filmed at the Blattner Studios whilst sound equipment was being installed at Wilcox's nearby Imperial Studios, and the sound was added after filming was completed. It was Gish's first sound film, and was Laughton's second talkie (but his first sound drama), having completed a film of a musical variety performance earlier the same year. Of 57 minutes original duration, it was released in 1936 in a 37-minute version retitled \"Wanted Men\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Appietus", "paragraph_text": "Appiah Dankwah, popularly known as Appietus (born 12 March 1977) is a Ghanaian actor musician, music producer and sound engineer based in Accra, Ghana. The name Appietus gained prominence from his signature \"Appietus in the mix\". It was, however, coined from the phrase \"Appiahs' Tools\". He has been the winner of six music industry awards in the 10-year span from the start of his career. He won the Ghana Music Honours 2015 Best Music Producer and Sound Engineer award, Sun Shine Music Awards 2010 Best Sound Engineer award and the UK Ghana Music Awards, Best Sound Engineer in 2008. His remarkable work has also led him to represent the country in some international programs including WOMEX 2013 in Wales, UK, and Worldtronics in Berlin, Germany, 2012.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Richard Chartier", "paragraph_text": "Richard Chartier (born March 29, 1971 in Arlington, Virginia, USA) is a sound/installation artist and graphic designer. Chartier works in reductionist microsound electronic music, a form of extreme minimalism in which the music is sometimes very quiet, sometimes very sparse, often both.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Peter Traub", "paragraph_text": "Peter Traub (born 1974 in South Africa) is an American composer of electronic and acoustic music and sound installations. His work often focuses on the use of technology to mediate physical and virtual spaces.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Debbie Turner", "paragraph_text": "Debbie Turner (born September 5, 1956) is an American actress and former child star who played the role of Marta von Trapp in the film The Sound of Music.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "The Baudelaire Label", "paragraph_text": "Founded in 2004 by Evan Newman, who had left his post as Head of A&R/Media Relations at V2 Records Canada, The Baudelaire Label was named Best Toronto Record Label in Now Magazine in 2006. In 2007, The Baudelaire Label merged with Outside Music and Newman went to head both the Outside Music Label as well as Outside Music Management which represents Jill Barber, Sunparlour Players, The Hylozoists, and Matthew Barber.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Musikvergnuegen", "paragraph_text": "Musikvergnuegen (mew-zik-verg-new-gan), sometimes abbreviated to \"MusikV\", is a music and sound design production company located in Los Angeles, California. The company name translates into English as \"enjoyment of music\". It was founded by Austrian-born composer Walter Werzowa.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Donald W. Ernst", "paragraph_text": "Donald W. Ernst (born January 25, 1934) is an American film, music and sound editor and film producer. He commonly works in the animation industry.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Billy Hoffman (singer)", "paragraph_text": "Billy Hoffman (born in Arkansas and raised in Poteau, Oklahoma) is an American country music singer. Hoffman was born with a hearing problem and is only three percent away from being deaf. He also learned to play guitar to gain dexterity after being born with underdeveloped hands.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "The Sound of Music (film)", "paragraph_text": "Later that night at the festival, during their final number, the von Trapp family slip away and seek shelter at the nearby abbey, where Mother Abbess hides them in the cemetery crypt. Brownshirts soon arrive and search the abbey, but the family is able to escape using the caretaker's car. When the soldiers attempt to pursue, they discover their cars will not start as two nuns have removed parts of the engines. The next morning, after driving to the Swiss border, the von Trapp family make their way on foot across the frontier into Switzerland to safety and freedom.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Houston", "paragraph_text": "Located in the American South, Houston is a diverse city with a large and growing international community. The metropolitan area is home to an estimated 1.1 million (21.4 percent) residents who were born outside the United States, with nearly two-thirds of the area's foreign-born population from south of the United States–Mexico border. Additionally, more than one in five foreign-born residents are from Asia. The city is home to the nation's third-largest concentration of consular offices, representing 86 countries.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Dirty Wars", "paragraph_text": "\"Dirty Wars\" was nominated for a 2013 Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature. Christopher Barnett (Sound Designer at Skywalker Sound) won the 2014 Golden Reel Award for Best Sound Editing: Sound Effects, Foley, Dialogue, ADR and Music in a Feature Documentary, given by the Motion Picture Sound Editors society. The film was also nominated for Best Documentary Screenplay from the Writers Guild of America.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Marcin Przybyłowicz", "paragraph_text": "Marcin Przybyłowicz (born ) is a Polish composer and sound designer. He is mostly known for his contributions as music director and lead composer for \"\", and as the sound designer for \"The Vanishing of Ethan Carter\". He also composed the score to a Polish historical television drama series \"Korona królów\" produced by Telewizja Polska.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Paris", "paragraph_text": "In 2012 the Paris agglomeration (urban area) counted 28,800 people without a fixed residence, an increase of 84 percent since 2001; it represents 43 percent of the homeless in all of France. Forty-one percent were women, and 29 percent were accompanied by children. Fifty-six percent of the homeless were born outside France, the largest number coming from Africa and Eastern Europe. The city of Paris has sixty homeless shelters, called Centres d'hébergement et de réinsertion sociale or CHRS, which are funded by the city and operated by private charities and associations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Race (human categorization)", "paragraph_text": "This effectively means that populations of organisms must have reached a certain measurable level of difference to be recognised as subspecies. Dean Amadon proposed in 1949 that subspecies would be defined according to the seventy-five percent rule which means that 75% of a population must lie outside 99% of the range of other populations for a given defining morphological character or a set of characters. The seventy-five percent rule still has defenders but other scholars argue that it should be replaced with ninety or ninety-five percent rule.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Bern", "paragraph_text": "As of 2008[update], the population was 47.5% male and 52.5% female. The population was made up of 44,032 Swiss men (35.4% of the population) and 15,092 (12.1%) non-Swiss men. There were 51,531 Swiss women (41.4%) and 13,726 (11.0%) non-Swiss women. Of the population in the municipality, 39,008 or about 30.3% were born in Bern and lived there in 2000. There were 27,573 or 21.4% who were born in the same canton, while 25,818 or 20.1% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 27,812 or 21.6% were born outside of Switzerland.", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 59175, "question": "where did they escape to in the sound of music", "answer": "Switzerland", "paragraph_support_idx": 13 }, { "id": 8206, "question": "What percent were born outside of #1 ?", "answer": "21.6%", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Wilhelm Góra", "paragraph_text": "His career started in Szarlej (Scharley O/S) - a small hamlet located near Bytom -Beuthen O/S. After some years, he moved to Pogon Katowice (which no longer exists) and then changed to Cracovia - one of the best teams of interwar Poland.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "John Lofland (poet)", "paragraph_text": "John Lofland (1798–1849), widely known as the \"Milford Bard\" of Milford, Delaware, was a prolific and widely read writer of prose, verse, and speeches. He grew up and spent much of his life in \"The Towers\" on North West Front Street in Milford. Later in his life he moved to Baltimore, Maryland where he associated with Edgar Allan Poe.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Piazza Duca d'Aosta", "paragraph_text": "The Piazza Duca d'Aosta is a large and busy square in Milan, Italy, where Milan's Central Station, the Pirelli Tower and the city's business district is located. It is well known for containing the architecturally impressive and majestic Milan Central Station, several skyscrapers (including the Pirelli Tower) and exclusive hotels, such as the Excelsior Hotel Gallia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "London", "paragraph_text": "In the dense areas, most of the concentration is via medium- and high-rise buildings. London's skyscrapers such as 30 St Mary Axe, Tower 42, the Broadgate Tower and One Canada Square are mostly in the two financial districts, the City of London and Canary Wharf. High-rise development is restricted at certain sites if it would obstruct protected views of St Paul's Cathedral and other historic buildings. Nevertheless, there are a number of very tall skyscrapers in central London (see Tall buildings in London), including the 95-storey Shard London Bridge, the tallest building in the European Union.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Jules Regnault", "paragraph_text": "During the first years of his life, Jules Regnault lived in the département du Nord (France) where his father worked. When his father died on January 16, 1846, in Paris, his family moved to Brussels, where Odilon, Jules’ brother, became a writer and a student at the Université Libre de Bruxelles in advanced mathematics. Jules’ family was not rich, and consequently, Odilon was except from serving in the military service and from paying his University registration. At the beginning of the 1860s, the two brothers moved to Paris and became brokers. In all probability, when Jules and Odilon arrived in Paris, their financial resources were low because they lived in one (or two) garret room(s), for which no tax had to be paid. However, Jules Regnault became a millionaire.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Metropolitan Life Insurance Company Tower", "paragraph_text": "The Metropolitan Life Insurance Company Tower, colloquially known as the Met Life Tower, is a landmark skyscraper, built in 1909 and located on Madison Avenue near the intersection with East 23rd Street, across from Madison Square Park in Manhattan, New York City. Designed by the architectural firm of Napoleon LeBrun & Sons and Purdy and Henderson, Engineers, built by the Hedden Construction Company, the tower is modeled after the Campanile in Venice, Italy. The hotel located in the clock tower portion of the building has the address 5 Madison Avenue, while the office building covering the rest of the block, occupied primarily by Credit Suisse, is referred to as 1 Madison Avenue.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Porte Kanazawa", "paragraph_text": "The is a skyscraper located in Kanazawa, Isikawa Prefecture, Japan. Construction of the 131-metre, 30-story skyscraper was finished in 1994.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Ufuoma McDermott", "paragraph_text": "Ejenobor was born in Benin City to Nigerian parents who hail from Delta State in Nigeria. She moved a lot - from Benin City to Jos, where she spent the better part of her toddler years, and later to Lagos, where she has lived for the greater part of her life and still resides till date. At the age of seven, her father coined a pet name for her: ISIO (which means \"star\" in Urhobo). She was so named after the star actress of the TELEFEST programme put together by NTA Benin, \"The Pot of Life\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Rover Thomas", "paragraph_text": "Rover Thomas was born near Gunawaggii, at Well 33 on the Canning Stock Route, in the Great Sandy Desert of Western Australia. At the age of 10 Thomas and his family moved to the Kimberley where, as was usual at the time, he began work as a stockman. Later in his life Thomas lived at Turkey Creek where he and his friend Paddy Tjamati broke away from the tradition of producing tribal art on canvas and instead painted landscapes on dismembered tea chests. He then, in the 1970s, created the style of ochre painting on canvas, called East Kimberley School.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Waris Dirie", "paragraph_text": "Dirie along with a few relatives later moved to London, where she resided with and worked for an uncle, who had been appointed Somali ambassador. When his term in office ended, Waris remained in the city and held a job at a local McDonald's. She also began evening classes to learn English.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "John Uzzell", "paragraph_text": "He also played for Torquay United, between 1989 and 1992, before moving into coaching. In later life, he also worked as a postman.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Fuller Building", "paragraph_text": "The Fuller Building is an office skyscraper in Manhattan located at 41 East 57th Street on the corner of Madison Avenue. It was built for the Fuller Construction Company in 1929 after they moved from the Flatiron Building. The building was designed by Walker & Gillette in the Art Deco style, although in a very conservative fashion. The building's exterior features architectural sculpture by Elie Nadelman, and the interior has richly decorated vestibules and lobbies featuring marble walls, bronze detailing, and mosaic floors.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "The Weekenders", "paragraph_text": "The Weekenders is an American animated television series created by Doug Langdale. It centers on the weekend life of four seventh graders: Tino, Lor, Carver, and Tish. The series initially aired on ABC and UPN, but was later moved to Toon Disney.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Dynamic Tower", "paragraph_text": "The Dynamic Tower (also known as Dynamic Architecture Building or the Da Vinci Tower) is a proposed , 80-floor moving skyscraper, designed by architect David Fisher.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Kagoshima Prefectural Government Building", "paragraph_text": "The is a skyscraper located in Kagoshima, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. Construction of the 93-metre, 18-storey skyscraper was finished in 1996.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Memory", "paragraph_text": "Stressful life experiences may be a cause of memory loss as a person ages. Glucocorticoids that are released during stress damage neurons that are located in the hippocampal region of the brain. Therefore, the more stressful situations that someone encounters, the more susceptible they are to memory loss later on. The CA1 neurons found in the hippocampus are destroyed due to glucocorticoids decreasing the release of glucose and the reuptake of glutamate. This high level of extracellular glutamate allow calcium to enter NMDA receptors which in return kills neurons. Stressful life experiences can also cause repression of memories where a person moves an unbearable memory to the unconscious mind. This directly relates to traumatic events in one's past such as kidnappings, being prisoners of war or sexual abuse as a child.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Shibuya Hikarie", "paragraph_text": "The is a Tokyu skyscraper and retail complex completed in 2012 and located in the Shibuya shopping district of Tokyo, Japan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Southern Alleghenies Museum of Art", "paragraph_text": "The Southern Alleghenies Museum of Art (SAMA) is an art museum with four locations in southwestern Pennsylvania in the United States. It is headquartered at Saint Francis University in Loretto, where it was founded in 1976. Other locations were opened later in Hollidaysburg in (1979 which moved to Altoona in 1995), Johnstown (1982), and Ligonier (1997).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Eddie Lund", "paragraph_text": "He grew up in Vancouver, Washington, USA, and later moved to Oregon where he worked as a pianist. He later moved to Tahiti in either 1936 or 1938 where he stayed permanently and published and released many records. He was the leader of a popular band, Eddie Lund and His Tahitians which released records on the ABC-Paramount and Tahiti labels. He picked up the Tahitian language quickly and secured a residence at Quinns night club in Papeete.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "The World Centre", "paragraph_text": "The World Centre is an office skyscraper located in Makati, Philippines. It is owned by Megaworld Corp. It stands at 152.4 metres (500 feet), and is located on the largest central business district of the country.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 160546, "question": "Where did Dirie move later in life?", "answer": "London", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 }, { "id": 26316, "question": "Most of #1 's skyscrapers are located where?", "answer": "in the two financial districts", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Raymond Gram Swing", "paragraph_text": "Raymond Gram Swing (March 25, 1887 – December 22, 1968) was an American print and broadcast journalist. He was one of the most influential news commentators of his era, heard by people worldwide as a leading American voice from Britain during World War II. Known originally as Raymond Swing, he adopted his wife's last name in 1919 and became known as Raymond Gram Swing.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Italy (Everybody Loves Raymond)", "paragraph_text": "\"Italy\" is the two-part season five premiere of the American television sitcom \"Everybody Loves Raymond\". Constituting the 100th and 101st overall episodes of the series, they were written by the creator Philip Rosenthal and directed by Gary Halvorson. In this episode of the show, which revolves around the life of Italian-American \"Newsday\" sportswriter Raymond Barone and his oddball family, his parents, Marie and Frank, announce that they're all going to Italy to visit the former's cousin Colletta, and everyone is excited to go except Raymond. Meanwhile, during the trip, Ray's brother Robert is attracted to a woman named Stefania, and tries to get past her father Signore Fogagnolo to meet her. With part one originally airing on October 2, 2000 and the concluding half on October 9, both on CBS, the episode has earned positive reviews from critics and received a Writers Guild of America Award.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Finding Love in Memories", "paragraph_text": "Searching for You in Loving Memories is Raymond Lam's debut album and was released on 23 November 2007. It contains ten tracks with a bonus DVD track containing two music videos. It is released with three different covers for variation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Raymond Cordy", "paragraph_text": "Raymond Cordy (9 December 1898 – 23 April 1956) was a French film actor, born Raymond Cordiaux. He appeared in over a hundred and thirty films during his career.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Raymond Group", "paragraph_text": "Raymond Group is an Indian branded fabric and fashion retailer, incorporated in 1925. It produces suiting fabric, with a capacity of producing 31 million meters of wool and wool - blended fabrics. Gautam Singhania is the chairman and managing director of the Raymond group.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Battle of Inab", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Inab, also called Battle of Ard al-Hâtim or Fons Muratus, was fought on 29 June 1149, during the Second Crusade. The Zengid army of Atabeg Nur ad-Din Zangi destroyed the combined army of Prince Raymond of Antioch and the Hashshashin of Ali ibn-Wafa. The Principality of Antioch was subsequently pillaged and reduced in size as its eastern border was pushed west.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Día a Día con Raymond y Dagmar", "paragraph_text": "Día a Día con Raymond y Dagmar is a variety program at 2:00 pm on WKAQ-TV Telemundo Puerto Rico with Raymond Arrieta and Dagmar.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "The Mind of Mr. Reeder", "paragraph_text": "The Mind of Mr. Reeder is a 1939 British, black-and-white, crime, mystery, directed by Jack Raymond and starring Will Fyffe as Mr. Reeder, with Kay Walsh, George Curzon, and supporting roles for Chili Bouchier, John Warwick and Ronald Shiner. It was produced by Jack Raymond Productions. Allmovie lists the U.S. film title of The Mysterious Mr. Reeder. Its accompanying Synopsis follows. Also, Ronald Shiner, Will Fyffe and Jack Raymond were all involved in another Mr. Reeder film, The Missing People. The film is based on a novel by Edgar Wallace.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Raymond Emerson", "paragraph_text": "Raymond Emerson was born to Dr. Edward Waldo Emerson and Annie Shepard Keyes on November 28, 1886 in Concord, Massachusetts. He was the youngest of seven children born to the couple, and one of only four that survived to adulthood. Raymond's father, Edward, was the son of Ralph Waldo Emerson and Lidian Jackson Emerson.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Who's Making Love", "paragraph_text": "\"Who's Making Love\" is a song written by Stax Records staffers Homer Banks, Bettye Crutcher, Don Davis and Raymond Jackson and recorded by singer Johnnie Taylor.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Who's Making Love", "paragraph_text": "``Who's Making Love ''is a song written by Stax Records staffers Homer Banks, Bettye Crutcher, Don Davis and Raymond Jackson and recorded by singer Johnnie Taylor.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "A Maori Maid's Love", "paragraph_text": "A Maori Maid's Love (Originally titled The Surveyor's Daughter) is a 1916 Australian silent film directed by Raymond Longford about an interracial romance between a white man and a Māori girl. It is considered a lost film as there are no known copies.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Dangerously They Live", "paragraph_text": "Dangerously They Live is a 1941 American World War II spy film directed by Robert Florey, and starring John Garfield, Nancy Coleman and Raymond Massey. Nazi spies try to pry information out of a British agent.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Monica Horan", "paragraph_text": "Monica Louise Horan (born January 29, 1963) is an American actress best known for her role as Amy MacDougall - Barone on the television sitcom Everybody Loves Raymond.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Poodle Springs", "paragraph_text": "Poodle Springs is the eighth Philip Marlowe novel. It was started in 1958 by Raymond Chandler, who left it unfinished at his death in 1959. The four chapters he had completed, which bore the working title \"The Poodle Springs Story\", were subsequently published in \"Raymond Chandler Speaking\" (1962), a collection of excerpts from letters and unpublished writings. In 1988, on the occasion of the centenary of Chandler's birth, the crime writer Robert B. Parker was asked by the estate of Raymond Chandler to complete the novel.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Raymond Márquez", "paragraph_text": "Raymond Márquez (born 1930), a.k.a. \"Spanish Raymond\" was the \"king\" of the illegal numbers racket in Harlem from the 1950s until his retirement in 2001.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Madylin Sweeten", "paragraph_text": "Madylin Anne Michele Sweeten (born June 27, 1991) is an American actress and comedian, best known for playing the role of Ally Barone on the CBS television sitcom Everybody Loves Raymond from 1996 -- 2005.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Maggie Wheeler", "paragraph_text": "Margaret Emily Wheeler (née Jakobson; born August 7, 1961) is an American actress. She is best known for her role as Janice on the sitcom Friends. She was also a recurring character on Everybody Loves Raymond as Linda and Anita Warrell on the sitcom Ellen.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Everybody Loves Raymond", "paragraph_text": "Everybody Loves Raymond is an American sitcom television series created by Philip Rosenthal that aired on CBS from September 13, 1996 to May 16, 2005, with a total of 210 episodes spanning over nine seasons. It was produced by Where's Lunch and Worldwide Pants, in association with HBO Independent Productions. The cast members are Ray Romano, Patricia Heaton, Brad Garrett, Doris Roberts, Peter Boyle, Madylin Sweeten, and Monica Horan. Most episodes of the nine season series were filmed in front of a live studio audience, with few exceptions.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Katherine Helmond", "paragraph_text": "Katherine Marie Helmond (born July 5, 1929) is an American film, theater and television actress and director. In her five decades of television acting, she is known her starring role as the ditzy matriarch, Jessica Tate, on the ABC prime time soap opera sitcom, Soap (1977 -- 1981) and her co-starring role as feisty mother, Mona Robinson on Who's the Boss? (1984 -- 1992). She also played Doris Sherman on Coach and Lois Whelan on Everybody Loves Raymond. She has also appeared as a guest on several talk and variety shows.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 61181, "question": "where does raymond live in everybody loves raymond", "answer": "Long Island", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 67915, "question": "what was the goal of the battle of #1", "answer": "control of the strategically important city of New York", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Pine Lake State Park", "paragraph_text": "Pine Lake State Park is a state park of Iowa, US. The park comprises encompassing two lakes: Lower Pine Lake and Upper Pine Lake. The park is located near Eldora and Steamboat Rock.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Smoking Hills", "paragraph_text": "The Smoking Hills are located on the east coast of Cape Bathurst in Canada's Northwest Territories, next to the Arctic Ocean and a small group of lakes. The cliffs were named by explorer John Franklin, who was the first European to see them on his 1826 expeditions. They contain strata of hydrocarbons (oil shales), which have been burning continuously for centuries.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Hawksworth Restaurant", "paragraph_text": "Hawksworth Restaurant, located in the Rosewood Hotel Georgia in Vancouver, British Columbia, is a fine-dining restaurant owned by chef David Hawksworth, the youngest chef to be inducted into the B.C. Restaurant Hall of Fame. The restaurant was named, \"Restaurant of the Year\" in 2012 by Macleans.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Smoking in Ireland", "paragraph_text": "Smoking in workplaces in Ireland was banned on 29 March 2004, making Ireland the first country in the world to institute an outright ban on smoking in workplaces. From that date onwards, under the Public Health (Tobacco) Acts, it has been illegal to smoke in all enclosed workplaces. The ban is strictly enforced and includes bars, restaurants, clubs, offices, public buildings, company cars, trucks, taxis and vans. A private residence is considered a workplace when tradespeople, such as plumbers or electricians, are working there. €3,000 is the maximum fine on the spot, while a prison sentence can also be given at a later time for violators. The law exempts dwellings, prisons, nursing homes, psychiatric wards, hotel rooms charitable accommodation and college dorm rooms. Certain buildings such as some hospitals forbid smoking anywhere in the grounds.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Charles Dickens", "paragraph_text": "The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club (Known as ``The Pickwick Papers '') (Monthly serial, April 1836 to November 1837)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Houston's Restaurant", "paragraph_text": "Houston's Restaurant is an upscale American casual dining restaurant chain, owned by Hillstone Restaurant Group, whose main corporate headquarters is in Beverly Hills, California. There are 51 Hillstone locations in 13 states.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Cabo Wabo", "paragraph_text": "Cabo Wabo is a nightclub and restaurant located in Cabo San Lucas, BCS, Mexico. Franchises exist in Harvey's Lake Tahoe in Stateline, Nevada, the Las Vegas Strip, and on Hollywood Boulevard in Hollywood, California. It is also a popular brand of tequila. All were founded by rock musician Sammy Hagar.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Oak Street Beach", "paragraph_text": "Oak Street Beach is located on North Lake Shore Drive in Chicago, Illinois, on the shore of Lake Michigan. One of a series of Chicago beaches, the Chicago Park District defines Oak Street Beach as the area from approximately 1550 North Lake Shore Drive to 500 North Lake Shore Drive, including Ohio Street Beach, the South Ledge, a concrete path running from Ohio Street beach to the Oak Street Curve, Oak Street Beachstro Restaurant, Oak Street Beach proper, the \"North Ledge\", and a concrete path running from Oak Street Beach to North Avenue Beach.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "List of smoking bans in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Statewide smoking ban: Since January 1, 1995, smoking has been banned in all enclosed workplaces in California, including bars and restaurants (bars were excluded until January 1, 1998); these following areas were exempt until June 9, 2016: meeting and banquet rooms except while food or beverage functions are taking place (including set - up, service, and clean - up activities or when the room is being used for exhibit activities), retail or wholesale tobacco shops and private smokers lounges (i.e. cigar bars), truck cabs / tractors if no nonsmoking employees are present, theatrical production sites if smoking is an integral part of the story, medical research or treatment sites if smoking is integral to the research or treatment being conducted, private residences except homes licensed as family day care homes during the hours of operation and in those areas where children are present, and patient smoking areas in long - term health care facilities.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "List of smoking bans in the United States", "paragraph_text": "No statewide smoking ban. Instead, Tennessee's 2007 statewide smoking law, the Non-Smoker Protection Act, prohibits smoking statewide in all public places in Tennessee, except as exempted; (1) any business, including a bar or restaurant, that does not serve persons under 21, (2) designated hotel / motel smoking rooms, (3) tobacco industry - related facilities, (4) outdoor areas and areas with an open garage door, (5) nursing homes, (6) designated smoking areas not accessible to the general public in businesses with three or fewer employees, (7) private clubs, (8) private residences and vehicles unless it is being used for child care, daycare, or public transportation of children, (9) retail tobacco stores, and (10) commercial vehicles occupied solely by the operator. Local governments are preempted from regulating smoking.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Pickwick Dam, Tennessee", "paragraph_text": "Pickwick Dam (also known as Pickwick Village) is an unincorporated community in Hardin County, Tennessee, United States. Pickwick Dam is located on the Tennessee River south of the Pickwick Landing Dam. Pickwick Dam has a post office with ZIP code 38365.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Smoking ban in England", "paragraph_text": "A smoking ban in England, making it illegal to smoke in all enclosed work places in England, came into force on 1 July 2007 as a consequence of the Health Act 2006. Similar bans had already been introduced by the rest of the United Kingdom: in Scotland on 26 March 2006, Wales on 2 April 2007 and Northern Ireland on 30 April 2007.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Garrett Morgan", "paragraph_text": "He was the subject of a newspaper feature in Cleveland Ohio, Ohio, for a heroic rescue in 1916 of workers trapped within a water intake tunnel, beneath Lake Erie. He performed his rescue using a hood fashioned to protect his eyes from smoke and featuring a series of air tubes that hung near the ground to draw clean air beneath the rising smoke. This enabled Morgan to lengthen his ability to endure the inhospitable conditions of a smoke-filled room. Morgan is also credited as the first African American in Cleveland to own an automobile.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Restaurant ML", "paragraph_text": "Restaurant ML is a restaurant located in Haarlem, in the Netherlands. It is a fine dining restaurant that was awarded one Michelin star in the period 2011–present.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Nicotine marketing", "paragraph_text": "After World War II, cigarette companies advertised frequently on television programs. To combat this move by the cigarette companies, the Federal Communications Commission required television stations to air anti-smoking advertisements at no cost to the organizations providing such advertisements. In 1970, Congress took their anti-smoking initiative one step further and passed the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act, banning the advertising of cigarettes on television and radio starting on January 2, 1971. After the television ban, most cigarette advertising took place in magazines, newspapers, and on billboards. However, in 1999 all cigarette billboard advertisements were replaced with anti-smoking messages, with some of these anti-smoking messages playing parodies of cigarette companies advertising figures and slogans. Since 1984, cigarette companies have also been forced to place Surgeon's General warnings on all cigarette packs and advertisements because of the passing of the Federal Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act. Restrictions on cigarette companies became even tighter in 2010 with the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act. The act prohibits tobacco companies from sponsoring sports, music, and other cultural events and also prevents the display of their logos or products on T - shirts, hats, or other apparel. The constitutionality of both this act and the Food and Drug Administration's new graphic cigarette warning labels are being questioned under cigarette companies' first amendment rights.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Pickwick Lake", "paragraph_text": "Pickwick Lake is the reservoir created by Pickwick Landing Dam as part of the Tennessee Valley Authority. The lake stretches from Pickwick Landing Dam to Wilson Dam.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Riverview Lake", "paragraph_text": "Riverview Lake is a lake in Riverview Park at Mesa, Arizona, United States. The lake is located west of Dobson Road and north of 8th Street.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Jinks Island", "paragraph_text": "Jinks Island () is an island lying north of Pickwick Island, in the Pitt Islands of the Biscoe Islands, Antarctica. Shown on an Argentine government chart of 1957, it was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1959 after Mr. Jinks, a character in Charles Dickens' \"The Pickwick Papers\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Squam Lake", "paragraph_text": "Squam Lake is a lake located in the Lakes Region of central New Hampshire, United States, south of the White Mountains, straddling the borders of Grafton, Carroll, and Belknap counties. The largest town center on the lake is Holderness. The lake is located northwest of much larger Lake Winnipesaukee.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "De Bokkepruik", "paragraph_text": "Restaurant De Bokkepruik is a restaurant located in Heemse, Netherlands. It is a fine dining restaurant that was awarded one Michelin star from 1990 to present.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 130914, "question": "What state is Pickwick Lake located?", "answer": "Tennessee", "paragraph_support_idx": 15 }, { "id": 59196, "question": "when was smoking banned in restaurants in #1", "answer": "2007", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "July 2007 Argentine winter storm", "paragraph_text": "The July 2007 Argentine winter storm resulted from the interaction of an area of low pressure systems across central Argentina and the entry of a massive polar cold snap during the 6–8 July 2007; it was the worst winter of Argentina in almost forty years. Severe snowfalls and blizzards affected the country. In Patagonia, several lakes were frozen. The cold snap advanced from the south towards the central zone of the country during Friday, July 6, continuing its displacement towards the north during Saturday, July 7 and Sunday, July 8. On Monday July 9, the simultaneous presence of very cold air, above the average levels of the atmosphere as in the surface, gave place to the occurrence of snowfalls even in localities where snow is very rare. This phenomenon left at least 46 people dead in Argentina, six in Chile, and 3 in Bolivia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Nerve Filter", "paragraph_text": "Nerve Filter is an electronic music act from Seattle, WA (US); its sole member is Tom Shear. Nerve Filter started in 1995, and is considered a side project of Shear's Assemblage 23 although its first label appearance predated A23's.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "New Haven, Connecticut", "paragraph_text": "The city is home to New Haven Promise, a scholarship funded by Yale University for students who meet the requirements. Students must be enrolled in a public high school (charters included) for four years, be a resident of the city during that time, carry a 3.0 cumulative grade-point average, have a 90-percent attendance rate and perform 40 hours of service to the city. The initiative was launched in 2010 and there are currently more than 500 Scholars enrolled in qualifying Connecticut colleges and universities. There are more than 60 cities in the country that have a Promise-type program for their students.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Galicia (Spain)", "paragraph_text": "As an example, Santiago de Compostela, the political capital city, has an average of 129 rainy days and 1,362 millimetres (53.6 in) per year (with just 17 rainy days in the three summer months) and 2,101 sunlight hours per year, with just 6 days with frosts per year. But the colder city of Lugo, to the east, has an average of 1,759 sunlight hours per year, 117 days with precipitations (> 1 mm) totalling 901.54 millimetres (35.5 in), and 40 days with frosts per year. The more mountainous parts of the provinces of Ourense and Lugo receive significant snowfall during the winter months. The sunniest city is Pontevedra with 2,223 sunny hours per year.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Estádio Paulista", "paragraph_text": "Estádio Paulista, usually known as Estádio Paulista, or just Paulista, is a football (soccer) stadium in São Carlos, São Paulo State, Brazil. The stadium has a maximum capacity of 4,000. It was inaugurated in 1921. The stadium is owned by the São Carlos City Hall, and its formal name honors Paulista Esporte Clube. Incorporated in 1951 by São Carlos Clube. São Carlos Clube usually plays their home matches at the stadium, and has a pitch size of 103 x 67 m. \"Paulista\" means \"Paulista\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Climate of Islamabad", "paragraph_text": "The climate of Islamabad has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classifion, with five seasons: Winter (Nov − Feb), Spring (March − April), Summer (May − June), Rainy Monsoon (July − August) and Autumn (September − October). The hottest month is June, where average highs routinely exceed 38 ° C (100.4 ° F). The wettest month is July, with heavy rainfall and evening thunderstorms with the possibility of cloudburst. The coolest month is January, with temperatures variable by location. In Islamabad, temperatures vary from cold to mild, routinely dropping below zero. In the hills there is sparse snowfall. The weather ranges from a minimum of − 3.9 ° C (25.0 ° F) in January to a maximum of 46.1 ° C (115.0 ° F) in June. The average low is 2 ° C (35.6 ° F) in January, while the average high is 38.1 ° C (100.6 ° F) in June. The highest temperature recorded was 46.5 ° C (115.7 ° F) in June, while the lowest temperature was − 4 ° C (24.8 ° F) in January. On 23 July 2001, Islamabad received a record breaking 620 millimetres (24 in) of rain fell in just 10 hours. It was the heaviest rainfall in 24 hours in Islamabad and at any locality in Pakistan during the past 100 years. Following is the weather observed over Islamabad Airport, which is actually located in Rawalpindi.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Assemblage 23", "paragraph_text": "Assemblage 23 is an electronic act from the United States, currently based in Seattle. It was founded in 1988 by Tom Shear who writes the music and lyrics and does the recording himself. Live performances are supported by Paul Seegers on keyboards and Mike Jenney on drums.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Skonto Stadium", "paragraph_text": "Skonto Stadium () is a football stadium in Riga, Latvia. The stadium has 9,500 seats and was built in 2000. It is the biggest football stadium in Latvia, and Is also home to the National Latvian team.Riga FC usually have an average attendance of 500. The stadium design incorporates Skonto Hall.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Nogueirão", "paragraph_text": "Estádio Leonardo Nogueira, usually known as Nogueirão, is a multi-use stadium located in Mossoró, Brazil. It is used mostly for football matches and hosts the home matches of the two most important teams of the city Associação Cultural Esporte Clube Baraúnas and Potiguar de Mossoró. The stadium has a maximum capacity of 25,000 people and was built in 1967.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "London", "paragraph_text": "Summers are generally warm and sometimes hot. London's average July high is 24 °C (75.2 °F). On average London will see 31 days above 25 °C (77.0 °F) each year, and 4.2 days above 30.0 °C (86.0 °F) every year. During the 2003 European heat wave there were 14 consecutive days above 30 °C (86.0 °F) and 2 consecutive days where temperatures reached 38 °C (100.4 °F), leading to hundreds of heat related deaths. Winters are generally cool and damp with little temperature variation. Snowfall does occur from time to time, and can cause travel disruption when this happens. Spring and autumn are mixed seasons and can be pleasant. As a large city, London has a considerable urban heat island effect, making the centre of London at times 5 °C (9 °F) warmer than the suburbs and outskirts. The effect of this can be seen below when comparing London Heathrow, 15 miles west of London, with the London Weather Centre, in the city centre.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Adult contemporary music", "paragraph_text": "Over the years, AC has spawned subgenres including \"hot AC\", \"soft AC\" (also known as \"lite AC\"), \"urban AC\", \"rhythmic AC\", and \"Christian AC\" (a softer type of contemporary Christian music). Some stations play only \"hot AC\", \"soft AC\", or only one of the variety of subgenres. Therefore, it is not usually considered a specific genre of music; it is merely an assemblage of selected tracks from musicians of many different genres.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "At bats per home run", "paragraph_text": "Babe Ruth was the first batter to average fewer than nine at - bats per home run over a season, hitting his 54 home runs of the 1920 season in 457 at - bats; an average of 8.463. Seventy - eight years later, Mark McGwire became the first batter to average fewer than eight AB / HR, hitting his 70 home runs of the 1998 season in 509 at - bats (an average of 7.2714). In 2001, Barry Bonds became the first batter to average fewer than seven AB / HR, setting the Major League record by hitting his 73 home runs of the 2001 season in 476 at - bats for an average of 6.5205.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Words per minute", "paragraph_text": "Brandon Raziano found that one study of average computer users in 1997, the average rate for transcription was 33 words per minute, and 19 words per minute for composition. In the same study, when the group was divided into ``fast '',`` moderate'', and ``slow ''groups, the average speeds were 40 wpm, 35 wpm, and 23 wpm, respectively.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Estadio Roberto Natalio Carminatti", "paragraph_text": "The Estadio Roberto Natalio Carminatti is a multi-use stadium in Bahía Blanca, Argentina. It is currently the biggest stadium of the city, and is used mostly for football matches. It is the home of Olimpo. The stadium has a capacity of 20,000. In the 2016-17 season, Olimpo, Defensa y Justicia and Vélez Sarsfield drew an average home league attendance of 10,000.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "North Carolina", "paragraph_text": "In winter, the Piedmont is colder than the coast, with temperatures usually averaging in the upper 40s–lower 50s °F (8–12 °C) during the day and often dropping below the freezing point at night. The region averages around 3–5 in (8–13 cm) of snowfall annually in the Charlotte area, and slightly more north toward the Virginia border. The Piedmont is especially notorious for sleet and freezing rain. Freezing rain can be heavy enough to snarl traffic and break down trees and power lines. Annual precipitation and humidity are lower in the Piedmont than in the mountains or the coast, but even at its lowest, the average is 40 in (1,020 mm) per year.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Eric Qin", "paragraph_text": "Eric Lee Chin, also known as Eric Qin (1967-1993), was an American composer of experimental music. While studying at the Mannes College of Music in New York City in the early 1990s, Qin founded the Rough Assemblage composers' collective, along with Mark De Gli Antoni and Norman Yamada.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Palermo", "paragraph_text": "Palermo experiences a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification: Csa). Winters are cool and wet, while summers are hot and dry. Temperatures in autumn and spring are usually mild. Palermo is one of the warmest cities in Europe (mainly due to its warm nights), with an average annual air temperature of 18.5 °C (65.3 °F). It receives approximately 2,530 hours of sunshine per year. Snow is usually a rare occurrence, but it does occur occasionally if there is a cold front, as the Apennines are too distant to protect the island from cold winds blowing from the Balkans, and the mountains surrounding the city facilite the formation of snow accumulation in Palermo, especially at night. Between the 1940s and the 2000s there have been eleven times when considerable snowfall has occurred: In 1949, in 1956, when the minimum temperature went down to 0 °C (32 °F) and the city was blanketed by several centimeters of snow. Snow also occurred in 1999, 2009 and 2015. The average annual temperature of the sea is above 19 °C (66 °F); from 14 °C (57 °F) in February to 26 °C (79 °F) in August. In the period from May to November, the average sea temperature exceeds 18 °C (64 °F) and in the period from June to October, the average sea temperature exceeds 21 °C (70 °F).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Willowgrove, Saskatoon", "paragraph_text": "Willowgrove is a primarily residential neighbourhood located in northeast Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. It comprises a mix of mainly single-family detached houses and fewer multiple-unit dwellings. As of 2011, the area is home to 3,973 residents. The neighbourhood is considered a middle to high-income area, with an average family income of $96,002, an average dwelling value of $218,357 and a home ownership rate of 84.8%.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Bucharest", "paragraph_text": "Bucharest has a humid continental climate (Dfa), with warm to hot, humid summers and cold, snowy winters. Owing to its position on the Romanian Plain, the city's winters can get windy, though some of the winds are mitigated due to urbanisation. Winter temperatures often dip below 0 °C (32 °F), sometimes even to −20 °C (−4 °F). In summer, the average temperature is 23 °C (73 °F) (the average for July and August). Temperatures frequently reach 35 to 40 °C (95 to 104 °F) in midsummer in the city centre. Although average precipitation and humidity during summer are low, occasional heavy storms occur. During spring and autumn, daytime temperatures vary between 17 and 22 °C (63 and 72 °F), and precipitation during spring tends to be higher than in summer, with more frequent yet milder periods of rain.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Ed Blake", "paragraph_text": "Edward James Blake (December 23, 1925 – April 15, 2009) was an American right-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball who played four seasons with the Cincinnati Reds and the Kansas City Athletics. In eight career games, Blake pitched 8⅔ innings and had an 8.31 earned run average (ERA).", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 132355, "question": "What is the home city of Assemblage 23?", "answer": "Seattle", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 }, { "id": 16030, "question": "What is the usual average snowfall in #1 ?", "answer": "6.8 inches", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Alcatraz Island", "paragraph_text": "Alcatraz Island (/ ˈælkəˌtræz /) is located in San Francisco Bay, 1.25 miles (2.01 km) offshore from San Francisco, California, United States. The small island was developed with facilities for a lighthouse, a military fortification, a military prison (1868), and a federal prison from 1934 until 1963. Beginning in November 1969, the island was occupied for more than 19 months by a group of Native Americans from San Francisco, who were part of a wave of Native activism across the nation, with public protests through the 1970s. In 1972, Alcatraz became part of a national recreation area and received designation as a National Historic Landmark in 1986.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "National Personnel Records Center fire", "paragraph_text": "The National Personnel Records Center fire of 1973, also referred to as the 1973 National Archives fire, was a fire that occurred at the Military Personnel Records Center (MPRC - part of the National Personnel Records Center) in Overland, Missouri, a suburb of St. Louis, on July 12, 1973, striking a severe blow to the National Archives and Records Administration of the United States. MPRC, the custodian of military service records, lost approximately 16–18 million official military personnel records as a result of the fire.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "428th Field Artillery Brigade", "paragraph_text": "The 428th Field Artillery Brigade is a training unit under the United States Field Artillery School, a formation under TRADOC. The brigade trains all officers and enlisted personnel from the U.S. Army and U.S. Marine Corps as well as allied nation military personnel in field artillery core competencies in order to provide proficient integrators of lethal and non-lethal fires to the operational force.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "History of Cyprus since 1878", "paragraph_text": "Cyprus was part of the British Empire, as a Military occupation from 1914 -- 1925, and a Crown colony from 1925 -- 1960. Cyprus became an independent nation in 1960.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Occupation of Gori", "paragraph_text": "The Occupation of Gori was the military occupation of Gori and its surrounding areas by Russian military forces, which started on 13 August 2008 as part of the Russo-Georgian War, and ended with the withdrawal of Russian units from the city on 22 August 2008.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Greece", "paragraph_text": "Greece has universal compulsory military service for males, while females are exempted from conscription but may otherwise serve in the military. As of 2009[update], mandatory military service is nine months for male citizens between the ages of 19 and 45. Additionally, Greek males between the age of 18 and 60 who live in strategically sensitive areas may be required to serve part-time in the National Guard. However, as the military has sought to become a completely professional force, the government has promised to reduce mandatory military service or abolish it completely.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Saburro Peak", "paragraph_text": "Saburro Peak is a peak in Antarctica to the south of Doll Peak in the south part of Ravens Mountains, Britannia Range. Named after Colonel Richard M.Saburro, Commander, Operation DEEP FREEZE who was assigned to this position from the 109 AG of the New York Air National Guard. Saburro was the first US Air Force Commander of Operation DEEP FREEZE following 45 years of command by the US Navy. The Operation provides military logistics support to the National Science Foundation's US Antarctic Program.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "United States Department of the Air Force", "paragraph_text": "The Department of the Air Force (DAF) is one of the three Military Departments within the Department of Defense of the United States of America. The Department of the Air Force was formed on September 18, 1947, per the National Security Act of 1947 and it includes all elements and units of the United States Air Force (USAF).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Delhi Republic Day parade", "paragraph_text": "The Chief Guest of the function is the President of India who arrives escorted by the Presidential Body Guard (PBG), a cavalry unit. When the President arrives, the PBG commander asks the unit to give the National Salute, which is followed by playing of the Indian National Anthem, Jana Gana Mana, by the Army developed the ceremony of display by the massed bands in which Military Bands, Pipe and Drum Bands, Buglers and Trumpeters from various Army Regiments besides bands from the Navy and Air Force take part which play popular tunes like Abide With Me, Mahatma Gandhi's favourite hymn, and Saare Jahan Se Achcha at the end.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Allied Command Europe Mobile Force", "paragraph_text": "The Allied Command Europe Mobile Force was a small NATO quick reaction force, headquartered at Heidelberg, Germany, active from 1960 to 2002. It formed part of Allied Command Europe (ACE), headquartered at SHAPE at Casteau, Belgium. The land component of the force, consisting of a brigade-sized formation of about 5,000 personnel, was composed of units from 14 NATO states.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Theron S. Copeland", "paragraph_text": "Theron S. Copeland (July 30, 1831 – July 8, 1905) was an American law enforcement officer and police captain with the New York City Police Department. He studied military tactics at a military academy and in the National Guard before joining the police force in 1855. Much of his career was spent as a drillmaster and, during the New York Draft Riots in 1863, he was part of the force under Inspector Daniel C. Carpenter who confronted a mob intending to loot the New York financial district and the United States sub-treasury. Copeland was later named in a general address to the police force for displaying \"\"valor and intelligent service\"\" during the riots.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "United States Department of War", "paragraph_text": "The War Department existed from August 7, 1789 until September 18, 1947, when it split into Department of the Army and Department of the Air Force and joined the Department of the Navy as part of the new joint National Military Establishment (NME), renamed the United States Department of Defense in 1949.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "United States Army", "paragraph_text": "As a uniformed military service, the Army is part of the Department of the Army, which is one of the three military departments of the Department of Defense. The U.S. Army is headed by a civilian senior appointed civil servant, the Secretary of the Army (SECARMY), and by a chief military officer, the Chief of Staff of the Army (CSA) who is also a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. In the fiscal year 2016, the projected end strength for the Regular Army (USA) was 475,000 soldiers; the Army National Guard (ARNG) had 342,000 soldiers, and the United States Army Reserve (USAR) had 198,000 soldiers; the combined-component strength of the U.S. Army was 1,015,000 soldiers. As a branch of the armed forces, the mission of the U.S. Army is \"to fight and win our Nation's wars, by providing prompt, sustained, land dominance, across the full range of military operations and the spectrum of conflict, in support of combatant commanders.\" The service participates in conflicts worldwide and is the major ground-based offensive and defensive force.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "South Korea", "paragraph_text": "The martial art taekwondo originated in Korea. In the 1950s and 1960s, modern rules were standardized, with taekwondo becoming an official Olympic sport in 2000. Other Korean martial arts include Taekkyon, hapkido, Tang Soo Do, Kuk Sool Won, kumdo and subak.Football and baseball have traditionally been regarded as the most popular sports in Korea. Recent polling indicates that a majority, 41% of South Korean sports fans continue to self-identify as football fans, with baseball ranked 2nd at 25% of respondents. However, the polling did not indicate the extent to which respondents follow both sports. The national football team became the first team in the Asian Football Confederation to reach the FIFA World Cup semi-finals in the 2002 FIFA World Cup, jointly hosted by South Korea and Japan. The Korea Republic national team (as it is known) has qualified for every World Cup since Mexico 1986, and has broken out of the group stage twice: first in 2002, and again in 2010, when it was defeated by eventual semi-finalist Uruguay in the Round of 16. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, South Korea won the Bronze Medal for football.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 14, "title": "History of the United States Air Force", "paragraph_text": "The United States Air Force became a separate military service on 18 September 1947 with the implementation of the National Security Act of 1947. The Act created the National Military Establishment, later renamed the United States Department of Defense, which was composed of four of the five branches, the Army, Marine Corps, Navy, and a newly created Air Force. Prior to 1947, the responsibility for military aviation was divided between the Army for land - based operations and the Navy and Marine Corps for sea - based operations from aircraft carrier and amphibious aircraft. The Army created the first antecedent of the Air Force on 1 August 1907, which through a succession of changes of organization, titles, and missions advanced toward eventual separation 40 years later. The predecessor organizations leading up to today's U.S. Air Force are:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "1979 World Taekwondo Championships", "paragraph_text": "The 1979 World Taekwondo Championships are the 4th edition of the World Taekwondo Championships, and were held in Sindelfingen, Stuttgart, West Germany from October 26 to October 28, 1979. A total of 453 athletes and officials from 38 nations took part in the championships.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "United Nations Protection Force", "paragraph_text": "The United Nations Protection Force (French: \"Force de Protection des Nations Unies\"; UNPROFOR, also known by its French acronym FORPRONU), was the first United Nations peacekeeping force in Croatia and in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the Yugoslav Wars. The force was formed in February 1992 and its mandate ended in March 1995, with the peacekeeping mission restructuring into three other forces (the United Nations Preventive Deployment Force (UNPREDEP) in Macedonia, and the United Nations Confidence Restoration Operation in Croatia (UNCRO) in Croatia, with restructured UNPROFOR operations ongoing in Bosnia and Herzegovina until their replacement by NATO and EU missions in December 1995).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Invasion of Kuwait", "paragraph_text": "The Invasion of Kuwait on 2 August 1990 was a two - day operation conducted by Iraq against the neighboring state of Kuwait, which resulted in the seven - month - long Iraqi occupation of the country. This invasion and Iraq's subsequent refusal to withdraw from Kuwait by a deadline mandated by the United Nations led to military intervention by a United Nations - authorized coalition of forces led by the United States. These events came to be known as the first Gulf War and resulted in the expulsion of Iraqi forces from Kuwait and the Iraqis setting 600 Kuwaiti oil wells on fire during their retreat.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "United States Air Force", "paragraph_text": "The United States Air Force (USAF) is the aerial warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the seven American uniformed services. Initially part of the United States Army, the USAF was formed as a separate branch of the military on 18 September 1947 under the National Security Act of 1947. It is the most recent branch of the U.S. military to be formed, and is the largest and one of the world's most technologically advanced air forces. The USAF articulates its core functions as Nuclear Deterrence Operations, Special Operations, Air Superiority, Global Integrated ISR, Space Superiority, Command and Control, Cyberspace Superiority, Personnel Recovery, Global Precision Attack, Building Partnerships, Rapid Global Mobility and Agile Combat Support.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "United States Air Force", "paragraph_text": "Assure/Dissuade/Deter is a mission set derived from the Air Force's readiness to carry out the nuclear strike operations mission as well as from specific actions taken to assure allies as a part of extended deterrence. Dissuading others from acquiring or proliferating WMD, and the means to deliver them, contributes to promoting security and is also an integral part of this mission. Moreover, different deterrence strategies are required to deter various adversaries, whether they are a nation state, or non-state/transnational actor. The Air Force maintains and presents credible deterrent capabilities through successful visible demonstrations and exercises which assure allies, dissuade proliferation, deter potential adversaries from actions that threaten US national security or the populations and deployed military forces of the US, its allies and friends.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 158048, "question": "Where was taekwondo originally from?", "answer": "Korea", "paragraph_support_idx": 13 }, { "id": 46674, "question": "which nation was not part of the united nations allied military force in #1", "answer": "North Korea", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "New York City", "paragraph_text": "In soccer, New York City is represented by New York City FC of Major League Soccer, who play their home games at Yankee Stadium. The New York Red Bulls play their home games at Red Bull Arena in nearby Harrison, New Jersey. Historically, the city is known for the New York Cosmos, the highly successful former professional soccer team which was the American home of Pelé, one of the world's most famous soccer players. A new version of the New York Cosmos was formed in 2010, and began play in the second division North American Soccer League in 2013. The Cosmos play their home games at James M. Shuart Stadium on the campus of Hofstra University, just outside the New York City limits in Hempstead, New York.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "New York State of Mind", "paragraph_text": "``New York State of Mind ''is a song written by Billy Joel which initially appeared on the album Turnstiles in 1976. Although it was never a hit song and was never released as a single, it has become a fan favorite and a song that Joel plays regularly in concert. Joel famously played the song at The Concert for New York City, the October 2001 benefit concert for the New York City Fire and Police Departments and the loved ones of families of first responders lost during the terrorist attack on New York City on 9 / 11. He reprised that theme, playing it during his set at 12 - 12 - 12: The Concert for Sandy Relief at Madison Square Garden in New York City on December 12, 2012, where he changed lyrics to include the likes of`` Breezy Point.''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair", "paragraph_text": "``Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair ''is a parlor song by Stephen Foster (1826 -- 1864). It was published by Firth, Pond & Co. of New York in 1854. Foster wrote the song with his estranged wife Jane McDowell in mind. The lyrics allude to a permanent separation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Jerome Weidman", "paragraph_text": "Jerome Weidman (April 4, 1913, New York City – October 6, 1998, New York City) was an American playwright and novelist. He collaborated with George Abbott on the book for the musical \"Fiorello!\" with music by Jerry Bock, and lyrics by Sheldon Harnick. All received the 1960 Pulitzer Prize for Drama for the work.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Don't Think Twice, It's All Right", "paragraph_text": "``Do n't Think Twice, It's All Right ''Single by Bob Dylan from the album The Freewheelin 'Bob Dylan A-side`` Blowin' in the Wind'' Released August 1963 Length 3: 40 Label Columbia Songwriter (s) Bob Dylan Producer (s) John Hammond The Freewheelin 'Bob Dylan track listing 13 tracks Side one ``Blowin' in the Wind ''`` Girl from the North Country'' ``Masters of War ''`` Down the Highway'' ``Bob Dylan's Blues ''`` A Hard Rain's a-Gonna Fall'' Side two ``Do n't Think Twice, It's All Right ''`` Bob Dylan's Dream'' ``Oxford Town ''`` Talkin 'World War III Blues'' ``Corrina, Corrina ''`` Honey, Just Allow Me One More Chance'' ``I Shall Be Free ''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Sri Lanka Matha", "paragraph_text": "There are differing accounts as to the origin of the Sri Lanka Matha. The most widely held view is that Sri Lankan composer Ananda Samarakoon wrote the music and lyrics to the song inspired / influenced by Bengali poet Rabindranath Tagore. A minority suggest that Tagore wrote the anthem in full. Some have suggested that Tagore wrote the music whilst Samarakoon wrote the lyrics. Samarakoon had been a pupil of Tagore at Visva - Bharati University, Santiniketan. After returning to Ceylon Samarakoon taught music at Mahinda College, Galle. The song, which was then known as Namo Namo Mata, was first sung by students at Mahinda College. After it was sung by the choir from Musaeus College, Colombo at a public event it became hugely popular in Ceylon and was widely played on radio.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Whistle Down the Wind (1996 musical)", "paragraph_text": "Whistle Down the Wind is a musical with music composed by Andrew Lloyd Webber, who also co-wrote its book with Patricia Knop and Gale Edwards, and its lyrics were written by Jim Steinman. It is based on the 1961 film \"Whistle Down the Wind\", whose source novel of the same name was written by Mary Hayley Bell in 1959.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Archer Winsten", "paragraph_text": "Archer Winsten was a leading American film critic from the late 1930s through the early 1980s. He was a graduate of Princeton University and a judge for many years of the International Ski Film Festival when it was held annually in New York City. He wrote for the \"New York Post\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Clyde Fitch", "paragraph_text": "Born in Elmira, New York, and educated at Holderness School and Amherst College (class of 1886), William Clyde Fitch wrote over sixty plays, thirty-six of them original, ranging from social comedies and farces to melodrama and historical dramas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Theme from New York, New York", "paragraph_text": "``Theme from New York, New York ''(or`` New York, New York'') is the theme song from the Martin Scorsese film New York, New York (1977), composed by John Kander, with lyrics by Fred Ebb. It was written for and performed in the film by Liza Minnelli. It remains one of the best - known songs about New York City. In 2004 it finished # 31 on AFI's 100 Years... 100 Songs survey of top tunes in American cinema.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Blowin' in the Wind", "paragraph_text": "``Blowin 'in the Wind ''is a song written by Bob Dylan in 1962 and released as a single and on his album The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan in 1963. Although it has been described as a protest song, it poses a series of rhetorical questions about peace, war, and freedom. The refrain`` The answer, my friend, is blowin 'in the wind'' has been described as ``impenetrably ambiguous: either the answer is so obvious it is right in your face, or the answer is as intangible as the wind ''.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Town and Country Building", "paragraph_text": "The Town and Country Building (also known as the Lyric Theatre (before 1913) and New Lyric Theatre (ca. 1913-ca. 1925) is a historic commercial building located at Liberty in Sullivan County, New York.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Greenwich Village", "paragraph_text": "The Village had a cutting - edge cabaret and music scene. The Village Gate, the Village Vanguard, and The Blue Note (since 1981), regularly hosted some of the biggest names in jazz. Greenwich Village also played a major role in the development of the folk music scene of the 1960s. Music clubs included Gerde's Folk City, The Bitter End, Cafe Au Go Go, Cafe Wha?, The Gaslight Cafe and The Bottom Line. Three of the four members of The Mamas & the Papas met there. Guitarist and folk singer Dave Van Ronk lived there for many years. Village resident and cultural icon Bob Dylan by the mid-60s had become one of the world's foremost popular songwriters, and often developments in Greenwich Village would influence the simultaneously occurring folk rock movement in San Francisco and elsewhere, and vice versa. Dozens of other cultural and popular icons got their start in the Village's nightclub, theater, and coffeehouse scene during the 1950s, 1960s, and early 1970s, including Jimi Hendrix, Barbra Streisand, Peter, Paul, and Mary, Bette Midler, The Lovin 'Spoonful, Simon & Garfunkel, Liza Minnelli, Jackson Browne, James Taylor, Eric Andersen, Joan Baez, The Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, The Velvet Underground, The Kingston Trio, Carly Simon, Richie Havens, Maria Muldaur, Tom Paxton, Janis Ian, Phil Ochs, Joni Mitchell, Laura Nyro, and Nina Simone. The Greenwich Village of the 1950s and 1960s was at the center of Jane Jacobs's book The Death and Life of Great American Cities, which defended it and similar communities, while criticizing common urban renewal policies of the time.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "They All Laughed", "paragraph_text": "The film is set in New York City, largely filmed outdoors on the streets, and tells the story of three private detectives investigating two beautiful women for infidelity. The detectives eventually wind up romantically pursuing the women, who turn the tables on them. \"They All Laughed\" is an updating of the play \"La Ronde\", both in tone and theme. The film is also a candid look at love and sex in New York City in the early 1980s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Alexander Singer", "paragraph_text": "Alexander Singer (born 18 April 1928, in New York City, New York) is an American director. He began his career behind the camera in 1951 as a cinematographer on the short documentary \"Day of the Fight\", directed by his high school friend, Stanley Kubrick. Singer himself turned to directing a decade later with the film, \"A Cold Wind in August\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "William Wallace Sanger", "paragraph_text": "William Wallace Sanger (born in Hartford, Connecticut, 10 August 1819; died in New York City, 8 May 1872) was a New York City physician who wrote a “groundbreaking” study of prostitution.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Scott Gross", "paragraph_text": "Scott Gross is an American musician, guitarist, composer, producer, audio engineer and writer known as a member of the band From Autumn To Ashes and owner and founder of Hit And Run Studios in Long Island, New York. Before From Autumn To Ashes he was in a local band called Who's To Blame with Francis Mark. Gross was one of the songwriters in From Autumn To Ashes and also wrote lyrics for the first two albums along with Perri and Mark.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Eugene Paul Nassar", "paragraph_text": "Eugene Paul Nassar (20 June 1935 - 7 April 2017), was Professor of English Emeritus of Utica College, Utica, New York, the author of several books of literary criticism in the close analysis tradition of his teachers, John Crowe Ransom at Kenyon College, Christopher Ricks at Oxford University, Arthur Mizener of Cornell University, and his critical model and mentor, Cleanth Brooks. He wrote long studies of the figural images in Wallace Stevens, the lyric passages in The Cantos of Ezra Pound, and of Hart Crane’s The Bridge, along with numerous essays in criticism of poems, drama and fiction. He also edited an anthology of the illustrations to Dante’s “Inferno,” various essays in sociological criticism, essays and reviews in many journals, and several books. He held the Rhodes Scholarship and a Fellowship from the National Endowment for the Humanities. Professor Nassar wrote a memoir of growing up in a Lebanese Christian family in the Italian-American neighborhood of East Utica, NY, entitled \"Wind of the Land\". Dr. Nassar was founder and former Director of the Ethnic Heritage Studies Center at Utica College. His Papers, which include many items—such as notices and reviews of his work— are housed in the Archives of Utica College.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Harry Potter and the Cursed Child", "paragraph_text": "The play will open at Broadway on April 22, 2018, at the Lyric Theatre in New York. Its cast will be similar to that of the first year on West - End, with actors including Sam Clemmett, Jamie Parker, Anthony Boyle, Noma Dumezweni and Paul Thornley.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Freak Talks About Sex", "paragraph_text": "Freak Talks About Sex, released for home video as Blowin' Smoke (its working title was \"Syracuse Muse\"), is a 1999 film starring Steve Zahn and Josh Hamilton. The movie was shot in Auburn and Syracuse, New York. It deals with issues such as love, sex, life after college, and living in a medium-sized city, in this case Syracuse.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 61844, "question": "who wrote the lyrics to blowin in the wind", "answer": "Bob Dylan", "paragraph_support_idx": 10 }, { "id": 47264, "question": "where did #1 play in new york", "answer": "Greenwich Village", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 } ]

[ "the Village" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "United States Department of War", "paragraph_text": "The War Department existed from August 7, 1789 until September 18, 1947, when it split into Department of the Army and Department of the Air Force and joined the Department of the Navy as part of the new joint National Military Establishment (NME), renamed the United States Department of Defense in 1949.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "428th Field Artillery Brigade", "paragraph_text": "The 428th Field Artillery Brigade is a training unit under the United States Field Artillery School, a formation under TRADOC. The brigade trains all officers and enlisted personnel from the U.S. Army and U.S. Marine Corps as well as allied nation military personnel in field artillery core competencies in order to provide proficient integrators of lethal and non-lethal fires to the operational force.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Greece", "paragraph_text": "Greece has universal compulsory military service for males, while females are exempted from conscription but may otherwise serve in the military. As of 2009[update], mandatory military service is nine months for male citizens between the ages of 19 and 45. Additionally, Greek males between the age of 18 and 60 who live in strategically sensitive areas may be required to serve part-time in the National Guard. However, as the military has sought to become a completely professional force, the government has promised to reduce mandatory military service or abolish it completely.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Alcatraz Island", "paragraph_text": "Alcatraz Island (/ ˈælkəˌtræz /) is located in San Francisco Bay, 1.25 miles (2.01 km) offshore from San Francisco, California, United States. The small island was developed with facilities for a lighthouse, a military fortification, a military prison (1868), and a federal prison from 1934 until 1963. Beginning in November 1969, the island was occupied for more than 19 months by a group of Native Americans from San Francisco, who were part of a wave of Native activism across the nation, with public protests through the 1970s. In 1972, Alcatraz became part of a national recreation area and received designation as a National Historic Landmark in 1986.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Chadian National Armed Forces", "paragraph_text": "The Chadian National Armed Forces (\"Forces Armées Nationales Tchadiennes\" or FANT) was the army of the central government of Chad from January 1983, when the President Hissène Habré's forces, in first place his personal Armed Forces of the North (FAN), were merged. Consisting of about 10,000 soldiers at that time, it swelled with the assimilation of former Chadian Armed Forces (FAT) and \"codos\" rebels from the south and, in 1986, with the addition of Transitional Government of National Unity (GUNT) soldiers who had turned against their Libyan allies. Freshly outfitted by France and the United States, FANT drove Libyan troops from their bases in northern Chad in a series of victories in 1987, during the Toyota War; but it dissolved defeated by the Patriotic Salvation Movement (MPS) led by Idriss Déby, who conquered the capital N'Djamena on December 2, 1990.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Allied Command Europe Mobile Force", "paragraph_text": "The Allied Command Europe Mobile Force was a small NATO quick reaction force, headquartered at Heidelberg, Germany, active from 1960 to 2002. It formed part of Allied Command Europe (ACE), headquartered at SHAPE at Casteau, Belgium. The land component of the force, consisting of a brigade-sized formation of about 5,000 personnel, was composed of units from 14 NATO states.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "National Personnel Records Center fire", "paragraph_text": "The National Personnel Records Center fire of 1973, also referred to as the 1973 National Archives fire, was a fire that occurred at the Military Personnel Records Center (MPRC - part of the National Personnel Records Center) in Overland, Missouri, a suburb of St. Louis, on July 12, 1973, striking a severe blow to the National Archives and Records Administration of the United States. MPRC, the custodian of military service records, lost approximately 16–18 million official military personnel records as a result of the fire.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Invasion of Kuwait", "paragraph_text": "The Invasion of Kuwait on 2 August 1990 was a two - day operation conducted by Iraq against the neighboring state of Kuwait, which resulted in the seven - month - long Iraqi occupation of the country. This invasion and Iraq's subsequent refusal to withdraw from Kuwait by a deadline mandated by the United Nations led to military intervention by a United Nations - authorized coalition of forces led by the United States. These events came to be known as the first Gulf War and resulted in the expulsion of Iraqi forces from Kuwait and the Iraqis setting 600 Kuwaiti oil wells on fire during their retreat.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Military history of the United States", "paragraph_text": "The Korean War was a conflict between the United States and its United Nations allies and the communist powers under influence of the Soviet Union (also a UN member nation) and the People's Republic of China (which later also gained UN membership). The principal combatants were North and South Korea. Principal allies of South Korea included the United States, Canada, Australia, the United Kingdom, although many other nations sent troops under the aegis of the United Nations. Allies of North Korea included the People's Republic of China, which supplied military forces, and the Soviet Union, which supplied combat advisors and aircraft pilots, as well as arms, for the Chinese and North Korean troops.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "United States Department of the Air Force", "paragraph_text": "The Department of the Air Force (DAF) is one of the three Military Departments within the Department of Defense of the United States of America. The Department of the Air Force was formed on September 18, 1947, per the National Security Act of 1947 and it includes all elements and units of the United States Air Force (USAF).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "South Korea", "paragraph_text": "The martial art taekwondo originated in Korea. In the 1950s and 1960s, modern rules were standardized, with taekwondo becoming an official Olympic sport in 2000. Other Korean martial arts include Taekkyon, hapkido, Tang Soo Do, Kuk Sool Won, kumdo and subak.Football and baseball have traditionally been regarded as the most popular sports in Korea. Recent polling indicates that a majority, 41% of South Korean sports fans continue to self-identify as football fans, with baseball ranked 2nd at 25% of respondents. However, the polling did not indicate the extent to which respondents follow both sports. The national football team became the first team in the Asian Football Confederation to reach the FIFA World Cup semi-finals in the 2002 FIFA World Cup, jointly hosted by South Korea and Japan. The Korea Republic national team (as it is known) has qualified for every World Cup since Mexico 1986, and has broken out of the group stage twice: first in 2002, and again in 2010, when it was defeated by eventual semi-finalist Uruguay in the Round of 16. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, South Korea won the Bronze Medal for football.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Alcatraz Island", "paragraph_text": "Alcatraz Island (/ ˈælkəˌtræz /) is located in San Francisco Bay, 1.25 miles (2.01 km) offshore from San Francisco, California, United States. The small island was developed with facilities for a lighthouse, a military fortification, a military prison (1828), and a federal prison from 1934 until 1963. Beginning in November 1969, the island was occupied for more than 19 months by a group of Native Americans from San Francisco, who were part of a wave of Native activism across the nation, with public protests through the 1970s. In 1972, Alcatraz became part of a national recreation area and received designation as a National Historic Landmark in 1986.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "United States Army", "paragraph_text": "As a uniformed military service, the Army is part of the Department of the Army, which is one of the three military departments of the Department of Defense. The U.S. Army is headed by a civilian senior appointed civil servant, the Secretary of the Army (SECARMY), and by a chief military officer, the Chief of Staff of the Army (CSA) who is also a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. In the fiscal year 2016, the projected end strength for the Regular Army (USA) was 475,000 soldiers; the Army National Guard (ARNG) had 342,000 soldiers, and the United States Army Reserve (USAR) had 198,000 soldiers; the combined-component strength of the U.S. Army was 1,015,000 soldiers. As a branch of the armed forces, the mission of the U.S. Army is \"to fight and win our Nation's wars, by providing prompt, sustained, land dominance, across the full range of military operations and the spectrum of conflict, in support of combatant commanders.\" The service participates in conflicts worldwide and is the major ground-based offensive and defensive force.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Military history of the United States", "paragraph_text": "Fighting on one side was a coalition of forces including the Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam or the \"RVN\"), the United States, supplemented by South Korea, Thailand, Australia, New Zealand, and the Philippines. The allies fought against the North Vietnamese Army (NVA) as well as the National Liberation Front (NLF, also known as Viet communists Viet Cong), or \"VC\", a guerrilla force within South Vietnam. The NVA received substantial military and economic aid from the Soviet Union and China, turning Vietnam into a proxy war.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Division of Korea", "paragraph_text": "With the onset of the Cold War, negotiations between the United States and the Soviet Union failed to lead to an independent, unified Korea. In 1948, UN-supervised elections were held in the US - occupied south only. This led to the establishment of the Republic of Korea in South Korea, which was promptly followed by the establishment of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea in North Korea. The United States supported the South, the Soviet Union supported the North, and each government claimed sovereignty over the whole Korean peninsula.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Delhi Republic Day parade", "paragraph_text": "The Chief Guest of the function is the President of India who arrives escorted by the Presidential Body Guard (PBG), a cavalry unit. When the President arrives, the PBG commander asks the unit to give the National Salute, which is followed by playing of the Indian National Anthem, Jana Gana Mana, by the Army developed the ceremony of display by the massed bands in which Military Bands, Pipe and Drum Bands, Buglers and Trumpeters from various Army Regiments besides bands from the Navy and Air Force take part which play popular tunes like Abide With Me, Mahatma Gandhi's favourite hymn, and Saare Jahan Se Achcha at the end.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "History of Cyprus since 1878", "paragraph_text": "Cyprus was part of the British Empire, as a Military occupation from 1914 -- 1925, and a Crown colony from 1925 -- 1960. Cyprus became an independent nation in 1960.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "History of the United States Air Force", "paragraph_text": "The United States Air Force became a separate military service on 18 September 1947 with the implementation of the National Security Act of 1947. The Act created the National Military Establishment, later renamed the United States Department of Defense, which was composed of four of the five branches, the Army, Marine Corps, Navy, and a newly created Air Force. Prior to 1947, the responsibility for military aviation was divided between the Army for land - based operations and the Navy and Marine Corps for sea - based operations from aircraft carrier and amphibious aircraft. The Army created the first antecedent of the Air Force on 1 August 1907, which through a succession of changes of organization, titles, and missions advanced toward eventual separation 40 years later. The predecessor organizations leading up to today's U.S. Air Force are:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "United States Air Force", "paragraph_text": "Assure/Dissuade/Deter is a mission set derived from the Air Force's readiness to carry out the nuclear strike operations mission as well as from specific actions taken to assure allies as a part of extended deterrence. Dissuading others from acquiring or proliferating WMD, and the means to deliver them, contributes to promoting security and is also an integral part of this mission. Moreover, different deterrence strategies are required to deter various adversaries, whether they are a nation state, or non-state/transnational actor. The Air Force maintains and presents credible deterrent capabilities through successful visible demonstrations and exercises which assure allies, dissuade proliferation, deter potential adversaries from actions that threaten US national security or the populations and deployed military forces of the US, its allies and friends.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "United States Air Force", "paragraph_text": "The United States Air Force (USAF) is the aerial warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the seven American uniformed services. Initially part of the United States Army, the USAF was formed as a separate branch of the military on 18 September 1947 under the National Security Act of 1947. It is the most recent branch of the U.S. military to be formed, and is the largest and one of the world's most technologically advanced air forces. The USAF articulates its core functions as Nuclear Deterrence Operations, Special Operations, Air Superiority, Global Integrated ISR, Space Superiority, Command and Control, Cyberspace Superiority, Personnel Recovery, Global Precision Attack, Building Partnerships, Rapid Global Mobility and Agile Combat Support.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 158048, "question": "Where was taekwondo originally from?", "answer": "Korea", "paragraph_support_idx": 10 }, { "id": 46674, "question": "which nation was not part of the united nations allied military force in #1", "answer": "North Korea", "paragraph_support_idx": 14 } ]

[ "Democratic People's Republic of Korea" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Seattle", "paragraph_text": "Seattle is located between the saltwater Puget Sound (an arm of the Pacific Ocean) to the west and Lake Washington to the east. The city's chief harbor, Elliott Bay, is part of Puget Sound, which makes the city an oceanic port. To the west, beyond Puget Sound, are the Kitsap Peninsula and Olympic Mountains on the Olympic Peninsula; to the east, beyond Lake Washington and the eastside suburbs, are Lake Sammamish and the Cascade Range. Lake Washington's waters flow to Puget Sound through the Lake Washington Ship Canal (consisting of two man-made canals, Lake Union, and the Hiram M. Chittenden Locks at Salmon Bay, ending in Shilshole Bay on Puget Sound).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Black Lake (Michigan)", "paragraph_text": "Black Lake is located in Cheboygan and Presque Isle counties in northern Michigan, United States. With a surface area of , it is the seventh largest inland lake in Michigan. The largest body of water in the Black River watershed, it drains through the Lower Black and Cheboygan rivers into Lake Huron. Black Lake is a summer destination for many families from the suburban Detroit area and from other nearby states as well as residents of the neighboring town of Onaway.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Emerson, Lake & Palmer", "paragraph_text": "Emerson, Lake & Palmer (ELP) were an English progressive rock supergroup formed in London in 1970. The band consisted of keyboardist Keith Emerson, singer, bassist and producer Greg Lake and drummer and percussionist Carl Palmer. With nine RIAA - certified gold record albums in the US, and an estimated 48 million records sold worldwide, they were one of the most popular and commercially successful progressive rock bands in the 1970s, with a musical sound including adaptations of classical music with jazz and symphonic rock elements, dominated by Emerson's flamboyant use of the Hammond organ, Moog synthesizer, and piano (although Lake wrote several acoustic songs for the group).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Oastler Lake Provincial Park", "paragraph_text": "Oastler Lake Provincial Park is a provincial park in the municipality of Seguin, Parry Sound District in Central Ontario, Canada. The nearest town, just to the northwest, is Parry Sound.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Lake Ainslie", "paragraph_text": "Lake Ainslie on Cape Breton Island is the largest natural freshwater lake in Nova Scotia. The Southwest Margaree River starts at the lake and empties into the Gulf of Saint Lawrence. The lake is approximately 20 km long and averages 5 km in width.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Switzerland", "paragraph_text": "Switzerland lies between latitudes 45° and 48° N, and longitudes 5° and 11° E. It contains three basic topographical areas: the Swiss Alps to the south, the Swiss Plateau or Central Plateau, and the Jura mountains on the west. The Alps are a high mountain range running across the central-south of the country, comprising about 60% of the country's total area. The majority of the Swiss population live in the Swiss Plateau. Among the high valleys of the Swiss Alps many glaciers are found, totalling an area of 1,063 square kilometres (410 sq mi). From these originate the headwaters of several major rivers, such as the Rhine, Inn, Ticino and Rhône, which flow in the four cardinal directions into the whole of Europe. The hydrographic network includes several of the largest bodies of freshwater in Central and Western Europe, among which are included Lake Geneva (also called le Lac Léman in French), Lake Constance (known as Bodensee in German) and Lake Maggiore. Switzerland has more than 1500 lakes, and contains 6% of Europe's stock of fresh water. Lakes and glaciers cover about 6% of the national territory. The largest lake is Lake Geneva, in western Switzerland shared with France. The Rhône is both the main source and outflow of Lake Geneva. Lake Constance is the second largest Swiss lake and, like the Lake Geneva, an intermediate step by the Rhine at the border to Austria and Germany. While the Rhône flows into the Mediterranean Sea at the French Camarque region and the Rhine flows into the North Sea at Rotterdam in the Netherlands, about 1000 km apart, both springs are only about 22 km apart from each other in the Swiss Alps.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "The Sound of Music (film)", "paragraph_text": "Later that night at the festival, during their final number, the von Trapp family slip away and seek shelter at the nearby abbey, where Mother Abbess hides them in the cemetery crypt. Brownshirts soon arrive and search the abbey, but the family is able to escape using the caretaker's car. When the soldiers attempt to pursue, they discover their cars will not start as two nuns have removed parts of the engines. The next morning, after driving to the Swiss border, the von Trapp family make their way on foot across the frontier into Switzerland to safety and freedom.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Squam Lake", "paragraph_text": "Squam Lake is a lake located in the Lakes Region of central New Hampshire, United States, south of the White Mountains, straddling the borders of Grafton, Carroll, and Belknap counties. The largest town center on the lake is Holderness. The lake is located northwest of much larger Lake Winnipesaukee.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Great Lakes", "paragraph_text": "The Great Lakes is the largest group of freshwater lakes on Earth by total area, and second largest by total volume containing 21% of the world's surface fresh water by volume. The total surface is 94,250 square miles (244,106 km), and the total volume (measured at the low water datum) is 5,439 cubic miles (22,671 km), a bit less than the volume of Lake Baikal (23,615 km3). Due to their sea - like characteristics (rolling waves, sustained winds, strong currents, great depths, and distant horizons) the five Great Lakes have also long been referred to as inland seas. Lake Superior is the second largest lake in the world by area, and Lake Michigan is the largest lake that is entirely within one country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Wolves (1930 film)", "paragraph_text": "Wolves is a 1930 British crime film directed by Albert de Courville and starring Charles Laughton, Dorothy Gish and Malcolm Keen. The screenplay concerns a woman who is captured by a gang of criminals operating in the Arctic, only for the leader to later help her escape. It was based on a play by Georges Toudouze. It was produced by Herbert Wilcox's British and Dominions Film Corporation, but filmed at the Blattner Studios whilst sound equipment was being installed at Wilcox's nearby Imperial Studios, and the sound was added after filming was completed. It was Gish's first sound film, and was Laughton's second talkie (but his first sound drama), having completed a film of a musical variety performance earlier the same year. Of 57 minutes original duration, it was released in 1936 in a 37-minute version retitled \"Wanted Men\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Great Lakes", "paragraph_text": "The Great Lakes are the largest group of freshwater lakes on Earth by total area, and second largest by total volume, containing 21% of the world's surface fresh water by volume. The total surface is 94,250 square miles (244,106 km), and the total volume (measured at the low water datum) is 5,439 cubic miles (22,671 km), slightly less than the volume of Lake Baikal (23,615 km3, 22 -- 23% of the world's surface fresh water). Due to their sea - like characteristics (rolling waves, sustained winds, strong currents, great depths, and distant horizons) the five Great Lakes have also long been referred to as inland seas. Lake Superior is the second largest lake in the world by area, and the largest freshwater lake by area. Lake Michigan is the largest lake that is entirely within one country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Chitose River", "paragraph_text": "In the Ainu language Chitose was originally called \"shikot\", meaning big depression or hollow, like Lake Shikotsu a caldera lake. To the Japanese, this sounded too much like , so it was changed to \"Chitose\". The name of the river was changed in 1805.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Restoule", "paragraph_text": "Restoule is a community and designated place in geographic Patterson Township in the Centre Unorganized Part of Parry Sound District in Central Ontario, Canada. It is situated on the Restoule River between Commanda Lake, and Restoule Lake and is part of the Almaguin Highlands region.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Nilakka", "paragraph_text": "Nilakka is a rather large lake in Northern Savonia, Finland. With the area of nearly 169 km² it is the 25th largest lake in the country. It's a shallow lake, connected by canals to upper Lake Pielavesi and lower Iisvesi.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Akosombo Dam", "paragraph_text": "The Akosombo Dam, also known as the Volta Dam, is a hydroelectric dam on the Volta River in southeastern Ghana in the Akosombo gorge and part of the Volta River Authority. The construction of the dam flooded part of the Volta River Basin, and led to the subsequent creation of Lake Volta. The flooding that created the Lake Volta reservoir displaced many people and had a significant impact on the local environment. Lake Volta is the largest man-made lake in the world by surface area. It covers , which is 3.6% of Ghana's land area. With a volume of 148 cubic kilometers, Lake Volta is the world's third largest man-made lake by volume, the largest being Lake Kariba which is located between Zimbabwe and Zambia in Southern Africa and contains 185 cubic kilometers of water.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Seattle", "paragraph_text": "King County Metro provides frequent stop bus service within the city and surrounding county, as well as a South Lake Union Streetcar line between the South Lake Union neighborhood and Westlake Center in downtown. Seattle is one of the few cities in North America whose bus fleet includes electric trolleybuses. Sound Transit currently provides an express bus service within the metropolitan area; two Sounder commuter rail lines between the suburbs and downtown; its Central Link light rail line, which opened in 2009, between downtown and Sea-Tac Airport gives the city its first rapid transit line that has intermediate stops within the city limits. Washington State Ferries, which manages the largest network of ferries in the United States and third largest in the world, connects Seattle to Bainbridge and Vashon Islands in Puget Sound and to Bremerton and Southworth on the Kitsap Peninsula.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Lake Chilwa", "paragraph_text": "Lake Chilwa is the second-largest lake in Malawi after Lake Malawi. It is in eastern Zomba District, near the border with Mozambique. Approximately 60 km long and 40 km wide, the lake is surrounded by extensive wetlands. There is a large island in the middle of the lake called Chisi Island.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Bosten Lake", "paragraph_text": "Bosten Lake (, Uyghur: / / \"Baghrash Köli / Baƣrax Kɵli\", Chagatai: \"Bostang\") is a freshwater lake on the northeastern rim of the Tarim Basin, about east of Yanqi and northeast of Korla, Xinjiang, China in the Bayin'gholin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture. Covering an area of about (together with adjacent small lakes), it is the largest lake in Xinjiang and one of the largest inland freshwater lakes in China. Bosten lake receives water inflow from a catchment area of .", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "SS Edmund Fitzgerald", "paragraph_text": "SS Edmund Fitzgerald was an American Great Lakes freighter that sank in a Lake Superior storm on November 10, 1975, with the loss of the entire crew of 29. When launched on June 7, 1958, she was the largest ship on North America's Great Lakes, and she remains the largest to have sunk there.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Parry Sound", "paragraph_text": "Parry Sound is a sound or bay of Georgian Bay on lake Huron, in Ontario, Canada. It is highly irregularly shaped with many deep bays and islands. Killbear Provincial Park is located on the large peninsula that separates the sound from Georgian Bay, while it is bordered on the south side by Parry Island, home of the Wasauksing First Nation. At the head of the sound is the namesake town that is the largest community on the shores of Georgian Bay from Severn Sound to Manitoulin Island.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 77965, "question": "sound of music where did they escape to", "answer": "Switzerland", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 }, { "id": 22347, "question": "What is the largest lake in #1 ?", "answer": "Lake Geneva", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Spain", "paragraph_text": "Spain (Spanish: España [esˈpaɲa] (listen)), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Spanish: Reino de España), is a country mostly located in Europe. Its continental European territory is situated on the Iberian Peninsula. Its territory also includes two archipelagoes: the Canary Islands off the coast of Africa, and the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea. The African enclaves of Ceuta, Melilla, and Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera make Spain the only European country to have a physical border with an African country (Morocco). Several small islands in the Alboran Sea are also part of Spanish territory. The country's mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with Gibraltar; to the north and northeast by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; and to the west and northwest by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Marshall Islands", "paragraph_text": "The German Empire had primarily economic interests in Micronesia. The Japanese interests were in land. Despite the Marshalls' small area and few resources, the absorption of the territory by Japan would to some extent alleviate Japan's problem of an increasing population with a diminishing amount of available land to house it. During its years of colonial rule, Japan moved more than 1,000 Japanese to the Marshall Islands although they never outnumbered the indigenous peoples as they did in the Mariana Islands and Palau.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Raid on Richmond", "paragraph_text": "Prior to the beginning of the raid, Thomas Jefferson, the then - Governor of Virginia, had moved the capital of Virginia from Williamsburg to Richmond, because of its strategically central, defensible location. In the event of an attack, Jefferson moved all of the town's military supplies to a foundry five miles outside of Richmond. Little did Jefferson know how big of an attack would soon follow.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Polideportivo Huerta del Rey", "paragraph_text": "Polideportivo Huerta del Rey is an arena located in Valladolid, Spain. It is primarily used for team handball and is the home arena of BM Atlético Valladolid and BM Aula Cultural. From 1976 to 1985 it was the home of CB Valladolid in basketball, before moving to the Pabellón Polideportivo Pisuerga which is used by the handball team for European matches. The arena holds 3,500 people.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Hyundai Mighty", "paragraph_text": "The Hyundai Mighty (hangul:현대 마이티) is a line of light-duty commercial vehicle by Hyundai Motor Company. The range was primarily available in Korea and some other countries.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Clifford Shull", "paragraph_text": "BULLET::::- Carroll, Cindy. \"Carnegie Mellon University Receives Nobel Laureate Clifford Shull Papers Grant and Additional Gift Will Make the Collection Available to Researchers\", (Mar. 12, 2004): Carnegie Mellon University.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Britney Gallivan", "paragraph_text": "In January 2002, while a junior in high school, Gallivan demonstrated that a single piece of toilet paper 4000 ft (1200 m) in length can be folded in half twelve times. This was contrary to the popular conception that the maximum number of times any piece of paper could be folded in half was seven. She calculated that, instead of folding in half every other direction, the least volume of paper to get 12 folds would be to fold in the same direction, using a very long sheet of paper. A special kind of $85 - per - roll toilet paper in a set of six met her length requirement. Not only did she provide the empirical proof, but she also derived an equation that yielded the width of paper or length of paper necessary to fold a piece of paper of thickness t any n number of times.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering", "paragraph_text": "The Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal established in 1974 and published by the NRC Research Press. It covers environmental, hydrotechnical, structure, and construction engineering, as well as engineering mechanics, engineering materials, and a history of civil engineering. Papers are available on the Internet in advance of print issues and are available in full-text HTML and PDF formats.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Pabellón Ciudad de Algeciras", "paragraph_text": "Pabellón Ciudad de Algeciras is an arena in Algeciras, Spain. It is primarily used for team handball and is the home arena of Algeciras BM. The arena holds 2,300 people.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "El Socialista (newspaper)", "paragraph_text": "El Socialista is a Spanish language socialist newspaper published in Madrid, Spain. The paper is the organ of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Hyundai Chorus", "paragraph_text": "The Hyundai Chorus (hangul:현대 코러스) is a minibus built by Hyundai Motor Company. The range was primarily available as tourist buses.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Hyundai Universe", "paragraph_text": "The Hyundai Universe (hangul:현대 유니버스) is a heavy-duty luxury coach built by Hyundai Motor Company. It is primarily available as luxury hi-classic tourist buses.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Searching for God Knows What", "paragraph_text": "Searching for God Knows What is the third book by Donald Miller, published by Thomas Nelson, Inc., in 2004. This work continues and expands many of the \"Non-Religious Thoughts on Christian Spirituality\" that appeared in his second book, \"Blue Like Jazz\". In \"Searching For God Knows What\", Miller primarily focuses on his view that Christianity should not be approached as a formulaic \"how-to\" guide or moral checklist, but rather as an invitation to enter the only relationship that can provide ultimate fulfillment.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "The Sun (United Kingdom)", "paragraph_text": "Murdoch found he had such a rapport with Larry Lamb over lunch that other potential recruits as editor were not interviewed and Lamb was appointed as the first editor of the new Sun. He was scathing in his opinion of the Mirror, where he had recently been employed as a senior sub-editor, and shared Murdoch's view that a paper's quality was best measured by its sales, and he regarded the Mirror as overstaffed, and primarily aimed at an ageing readership. Lamb hastily recruited a staff of about 125 reporters, who were mostly selected for their availability rather than their ability.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Alexander Graham Bell", "paragraph_text": "A large number of Bell's writings, personal correspondence, notebooks, papers and other documents reside at both the United States Library of Congress Manuscript Division (as the Alexander Graham Bell Family Papers), and at the Alexander Graham Bell Institute, Cape Breton University, Nova Scotia; major portions of which are available for online viewing.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Days into Years", "paragraph_text": "Days Into Years is the third full-length album by Canadian alternative country band Elliott Brood, released September 27, 2011 on Paper Bag Records. The recording is also available on vinyl.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "The Sims Mobile", "paragraph_text": "The game is currently available in Australia, Ireland, Brazil and Spain. The game is supposed to be release worldwide by March 6, 2018", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "The New York Times", "paragraph_text": "The paper is owned by The New York Times Company, which is publicly traded but primarily controlled by the Ochs - Sulzberger family through a dual - class share structure. It has been owned by the family since 1896; A.G. Sulzberger the paper's publisher and, his father, Arthur Ochs Sulzberger Jr. the company's chairman, is the fourth and fifth generation of the family to helm the paper.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Braviken Paper Mill", "paragraph_text": "Braviken Paper Mill (or simply Braviken) is a paper mill located outside Bråviken, Norrköping, in Sweden. It is owned by Holmen Paper, which in turn is a subsidiary of Holmen.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Better Call Saul", "paragraph_text": "In December 2013, Netflix announced that the entire first season would be available for streaming in the U.S. after the airing of the first - season finale, and in Latin America and Europe each episode would be available a few days after the episode airs in the U.S. However, the first season was not released on Netflix in the U.S. until February 1, 2016.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 158735, "question": "Where is Spain primarily located?", "answer": "Europe", "paragraph_support_idx": 0 }, { "id": 70487, "question": "paper as we know it would not have been available in #1 until", "answer": "the 11th century", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Yankee Stadium", "paragraph_text": "Yankee Stadium is a stadium located in the Concourse section of the Bronx, a borough of New York City. It serves as the home ballpark for the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (MLB). The $2.3 billion stadium, built with $1.2 billion in public subsidies, replaced the original Yankee Stadium in 2009. It is located one block north of the original, on the 24 - acre former site of Macombs Dam Park; the 8 - acre site of the original stadium is now a public park called Heritage Field. The stadium incorporates replicas of some design elements from the original Yankee Stadium, and like its predecessor, it has hosted additional events, including college football games, soccer matches, two outdoor NHL games, and concerts. Although Yankee Stadium's construction began in August 2006, the project spanned many years and faced many controversies, including the high public cost and the loss of public parkland. The overall price tag makes the new Yankee Stadium the most expensive stadium ever built. It is also the home park for New York City FC of Major League Soccer (MLS).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Negoesco Stadium", "paragraph_text": "Negoesco Stadium is a 3,000 seat soccer stadium located in San Francisco, on the campus of University of San Francisco. Named for USF Soccer Coach Steve Negoesco. It is the home field for the men's and women's soccer teams. Negoesco is also the primary home field for San Francisco City FC of the Premier Development League. The stadium is also used by USF students and staff for recreational activities.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Rose Bowl (stadium)", "paragraph_text": "One of the most famous stadiums in sporting history, the Rose Bowl is best known as a college football venue, specifically as the host of the annual Rose Bowl Game for which it is named. Since 1982, it has also served as the home stadium of the UCLA Bruins football team. The stadium has also hosted five Super Bowl games, second most of any venue. The Rose Bowl is also a noted soccer venue, having hosted the 1994 FIFA World Cup Final, 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup Final, and the 1984 Olympic Gold Medal Match, as well as numerous CONCACAF and United States Soccer Federation matches.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Victoria Park Stadium", "paragraph_text": "The Victoria Park Stadium is soccer venue located in Brampton, Ontario and is home to Brampton United of the Canadian Soccer League. The stadium is located on 20 Victoria Crescent, Brampton. The stadium is part of the James F. McCurry Victoria Park Arena. The stadium hosted the 2004 CPSL Championship final which featured Vaughan Shooters against Toronto Croatia. On May 27, 2016 a fire erupted at the Victoria Park arena.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Dick's Sporting Goods Park", "paragraph_text": "Dick's Sporting Goods Park, also known as DSG Park, is a soccer-specific stadium located in Commerce City, Colorado that is home to the Colorado Rapids men's professional soccer team. The stadium seats up to 18,061 people for soccer matches, but can accommodate up to 19,734 for special soccer events and 27,000 for concerts. It became the third home venue for the Rapids upon its opening in 2007. Sitting at just over 5,200 feet above sea level, the stadium has the highest elevation of any stadium regularly used by MLS teams.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Orlando City SC", "paragraph_text": "Orlando City Soccer Club is an American professional soccer club based in Orlando, Florida that competes as a member of the Eastern Conference in Major League Soccer (MLS). Orlando City SC began play in 2015 as an expansion team of the league. The team is the first MLS franchise located in the state of Florida since the Miami Fusion and Tampa Bay Mutiny were folded by the league following the 2001 season. The team plays in the privately owned and operated Orlando City Stadium, located in the heart of downtown Orlando.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Mexico City", "paragraph_text": "Association football is the country's most popular and most televised franchised sport. Its important venues in Mexico City include the Azteca Stadium, home to the Mexico national football team and giants América, which can seat 91,653 fans, making it the biggest stadium in Latin America. The Olympic Stadium in Ciudad Universitaria is home to the football club giants Universidad Nacional, with a seating capacity of over 52,000. The Estadio Azul, which seats 33,042 fans, is near the World Trade Center Mexico City in the Nochebuena neighborhood, and is home to the giants Cruz Azul. The three teams are based in Mexico City and play in the First Division; they are also part, with Guadalajara-based giants Club Deportivo Guadalajara, of Mexico's traditional \"Big Four\" (though recent years have tended to erode the teams' leading status at least in standings). The country hosted the FIFA World Cup in 1970 and 1986, and Azteca Stadium is the first stadium in World Cup history to host the final twice.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Unidad Deportiva Acapulco", "paragraph_text": "Unidad Deportiva Acapulco (\"English:Acapulco Sports Complex\") is a sports complex composed of a 13,000-seat soccer and track and field stadium and a baseball stadium which can seat thousands. The soccer/track stadium, which originally seated 8,600, is currently home to the Guerreros Acapulco soccer team of the Mexican Segunda División Profesional, which began play in 2009. The baseball stadium is currently used for amateur and semi-pro baseball, and skateboarding.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Yankee Stadium", "paragraph_text": "Yankee Stadium is a stadium located in the Concourse neighborhood of the Bronx in New York City. It serves as the home ballpark for the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (MLB), and is also the home park for New York City FC of Major League Soccer (MLS). The $2.3 billion stadium, built with $1.2 billion in public subsidies, replaced the original Yankee Stadium in 2009. It is located one block north of the original, on the 24 - acre (9.7 ha) former site of Macombs Dam Park; the 8 - acre (3.2 ha) site of the original stadium is now a public park called Heritage Field.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "MUSC Health Stadium", "paragraph_text": "MUSC Health Stadium is a soccer-specific stadium located in the Daniel Island area of Charleston, South Carolina that serves as the home of the Charleston Battery of the United Soccer League.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "President of Mexico", "paragraph_text": "Not be a secretary of state or under-secretary of state, attorney general, governor of a State, or head of the government of Mexico City, unless \"separated from the post\" (resigned or been granted permanent leave of absence) at least six months prior to the election.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Allianz Field", "paragraph_text": "Allianz Field is a pending soccer - specific stadium for Minnesota United FC of Major League Soccer. On October 23, 2015, team owners announced that Minnesota United would build a stadium on the 35 - acre Saint Paul bus barn site. The proposed stadium will seat approximately 19,400, is to be completed in 2019, and will be privately financed for $150 million.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "UCF Soccer and Track Stadium", "paragraph_text": "The UCF Soccer and Track Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium located on the main campus of the University of Central Florida in Orlando, Florida, United States. The 2,000-seat stadium is home to the UCF Knights track and field, cross country and soccer teams. The Knights compete in the American Athletic Conference (The American).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Philadelphia Union", "paragraph_text": "The Philadelphia Union is an American professional soccer team based in Chester, Pennsylvania. The Union competes in Major League Soccer (MLS) as a member club of the league's Eastern Conference. The club began play in 2010 as an expansion team of the league. The club plays their home matches at Talen Energy Stadium, a soccer-specific stadium located in Chester on the banks of the Delaware River. Jim Curtin is the Union's head coach.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "BBVA Stadium", "paragraph_text": "BBVA Stadium (formerly BBVA Compass Stadium) is an American multi-purpose stadium located in Houston, Texas that is home to the Houston Dynamo, a Major League Soccer club, the Houston Dash of the National Women's Soccer League, and to Texas Southern Tigers football. The stadium is the result of combined commitments of $35.5 million from the city of Houston and $60 million from the Houston Dynamo. Harris County agreed to pay for half of the land in exchange for the ability to jointly own the stadium after its completion date in May 2012. BBVA, Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, is the stadium's sponsor company.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Complejo Municipal", "paragraph_text": "Complejo Municipal San Juan Opico is a sports complex which local soccer team Juventud Independiente use as their home field in the Primera Division de Futbol Professional in El Salvador. The stadium's maximum capacity is estimated at about 5,000.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "New York City", "paragraph_text": "In soccer, New York City is represented by New York City FC of Major League Soccer, who play their home games at Yankee Stadium. The New York Red Bulls play their home games at Red Bull Arena in nearby Harrison, New Jersey. Historically, the city is known for the New York Cosmos, the highly successful former professional soccer team which was the American home of Pelé, one of the world's most famous soccer players. A new version of the New York Cosmos was formed in 2010, and began play in the second division North American Soccer League in 2013. The Cosmos play their home games at James M. Shuart Stadium on the campus of Hofstra University, just outside the New York City limits in Hempstead, New York.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Everton F.C.", "paragraph_text": "There have been indications since 1996 that Everton will move to a new stadium. The original plan was for a new 60,000-seat stadium to be built, but in 2000 a proposal was submitted to build a 55,000 seat stadium as part of the King's Dock regeneration. This was unsuccessful as Everton failed to generate the £30 million needed for a half stake in the stadium project, with the city council rejecting the proposal in 2003. Late in 2004, driven by Liverpool Council and the Northwest Development Corporation, the club entered talks with Liverpool F.C. about sharing a proposed stadium on Stanley Park. Negotiations broke down as Everton failed to raise 50% of the costs. On 11 January 2005, Liverpool announced that ground-sharing was not a possibility, proceeding to plan their own Stanley Park Stadium.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Nestor Morales Stadium", "paragraph_text": "Nestor Morales Stadium is a baseball stadium in Humacao, Puerto Rico. The stadium, located at the Osvaldo Gil Bosch sports complex, is also used for soccer by the Grises de Humacao double A baseball team and the Tornados de Humacao who play in the Puerto Rico Soccer League.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "2015 New York City FC season", "paragraph_text": "The 2015 New York City FC season is the club's first season of existence, their first season in the top tier of American soccer, and their first season in Major League Soccer. New York City FC plays their home games at Yankee Stadium in the New York City borough of The Bronx.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 160922, "question": "What city is talked about?", "answer": "Mexico City", "paragraph_support_idx": 10 }, { "id": 19309, "question": "What famous soccer stadium is in #1 ?", "answer": "Azteca Stadium", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Slavery in international law", "paragraph_text": "The concept has its roots in the 1807 Abolition of Slavery Act of Great Britain. Many academics in the field perceive this as the beginning of the end of the traditional form of slavery: chattel slavery. In the 19th century, Britain controlled the majority of the world through its colonies. Consequently, in passing this law to abolish slavery, the British Parliament abolished slavery in the vast majority of its colonies.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Coral reef", "paragraph_text": "In 1842 in his first monograph, The Structure and Distribution of Coral Reefs, Charles Darwin set out his theory of the formation of atoll reefs, an idea he conceived during the voyage of the Beagle. He theorized uplift and subsidence of the Earth's crust under the oceans formed the atolls. Darwin's theory sets out a sequence of three stages in atoll formation. It starts with a fringing reef forming around an extinct volcanic island as the island and ocean floor subsides. As the subsidence continues, the fringing reef becomes a barrier reef, and ultimately an atoll reef.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Rice Belt", "paragraph_text": "The Rice Belt of the United States includes Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi and Texas, four southern U.S. states that grow a significant portion of the nation's rice crop. The name is in conformity with the Corn Belt of the Midwest, in which much of the nation's corn is grown.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Charleston, South Carolina", "paragraph_text": "Colonial Lowcountry landowners experimented with cash crops ranging from tea to silkworms. African slaves brought knowledge of rice cultivation, which plantation owners cultivated and developed as a successful commodity crop by 1700. With the coerced help of African slaves from the Caribbean, Eliza Lucas, daughter of plantation owner George Lucas, learned how to raise and use indigo in the Lowcountry in 1747. Supported with subsidies from Britain, indigo was a leading export by 1750. Those and naval stores were exported in an extremely profitable shipping industry.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Carnival", "paragraph_text": "Carnival is known as Crop Over and is Barbados's biggest festival. Its early beginnings were on the sugar cane plantations during the colonial period. Crop over began in 1688, and featured singing, dancing and accompaniment by shak-shak, banjo, triangle, fiddle, guitar, bottles filled with water and bones. Other traditions included climbing a greased pole, feasting and drinking competitions. Originally signaling the end of the yearly cane harvest, it evolved into a national festival. In the late 20th century, Crop Over began to closely mirror the Trinidad Carnival. Beginning in June, Crop Over runs until the first Monday in August when it culminates in the finale, The Grand Kadooment.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Agriculture, forestry, and fishing in Japan", "paragraph_text": "Agriculture, farming, and fishing form the primary sector of industry of the Japanese economy together with the Japanese mining industry, but together they account for only 1.3% of gross national product. Only 20% of Japan's land is suitable for cultivation, and the agricultural economy is highly subsidized.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Military history of the United States", "paragraph_text": "Sectional tensions had long existed between the states located north of the Mason–Dixon line and those south of it, primarily centered on the \"peculiar institution\" of slavery and the ability of states to overrule the decisions of the national government. During the 1840s and 1850s, conflicts between the two sides became progressively more violent. After the election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860 (who southerners thought would work to end slavery) states in the South seceded from the United States, beginning with South Carolina in late 1860. On April 12, 1861, forces of the South (known as the Confederate States of America or simply the Confederacy) opened fire on Fort Sumter, whose garrison was loyal to the Union.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Cotton production in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Texas produces more cotton than any other state in the United States. With eight production regions around Texas, and only four geographic regions, it is the state's leading cash crop. Texas produces approximately 25% of the country's cotton crop on more than 6 million acres, the equivalent of over 9,000 square miles (23,000 km) of cotton fields. Texas Cotton Producers includes nine certified cotton grower organizations; it addresses national and statewide cotton grower issues, such as the national farm bill and environmental legislation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Hazelnut", "paragraph_text": "In the United States, Oregon accounted for 99% of the nation's production in 2014, having a crop value of $129 million that is purchased mainly by the snack food industry.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "History of slavery in Florida", "paragraph_text": "Slavery in Florida began under Spanish rule and continued under American and later Confederate rule. It was theoretically abolished by President Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation of January 1, 1863, but this had little effect in Florida. Slavery continued until the end of the Civil War and collapse of the Confederacy in the spring of 1865, followed by the ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment in December 1865. Some of the characteristics of slavery -- inability to leave a disagreeable situation -- continued under sharecropping, convict leasing, vagrancy laws. In the 20th and 21st centuries, conditions approximating slavery are found among marginal immigrant populations, especially migrant farm workers and involuntary sex workers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Kansas Legislature", "paragraph_text": "During Kansas' first elections for a territorial government on March 30, 1855, nearly 5,000 Missouri men, led by United States Senator David Rice Atchison and other prominent pro-slavery Missourians, entered the territory, took over the polling places, and elected pro-slavery candidates. The elections resulted in 13 pro-slavery members of the upper house of the territorial legislature and one free - state member, who resigned. The lower house ended up with 25 pro-slavery members and one free - state member. Free - Staters immediately cried foul, naming the new Kansas Territorial Legislature the Bogus Legislature. After meeting for one week in Pawnee at the direction of Territorial Governor Andrew Reeder, the thirty - eight pro-slavery legislators reconvened at the Shawnee Manual Labor School between July 16 and August 30, 1855, and began crafting over a thousand pages of laws aimed at making Kansas a slave state.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Charleston and Savannah Railway", "paragraph_text": "The Charleston and Savannah Railway was a 19th-century American railroad serving the coastal states of South Carolina and Georgia and running through part of the South Carolina Lowcountry. Its name varied slightly over time.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Confederate States of America", "paragraph_text": "Many southern whites had considered themselves more Southern than American and were prepared to fight for their state and their region to be independent of the larger nation. That regionalism became a Southern nationalism, or the ``Cause ''. For the duration of its existence, the Confederacy underwent trial by war. The`` Southern Cause'' transcended the ideology of states' rights, tariff policy, or internal improvements. This ``Cause ''supported, or descended from, cultural and financial dependence on the South's slavery - based economy. The convergence of race and slavery, politics, and economics raised almost all South - related policy questions to the status of moral questions over way of life, commingling love of things Southern and hatred of things Yankee (the North). Not only did national political parties split, but national churches and interstate families as well divided along sectional lines as the war approached. According to historian John M. Coski,`` The statesmen who led the secession movement were unashamed to explicitly cite the defense of slavery as their prime motive... Acknowledging the centrality of slavery to the Confederacy is essential for understanding the Confederate.''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Modern history", "paragraph_text": "Northern leaders agreed that victory would require more than the end of fighting. Secession and Confederate nationalism had to be totally repudiated and all forms of slavery or quasi-slavery had to be eliminated. Lincoln proved effective in mobilizing support for the war goals, raising large armies and supplying them, avoiding foreign interference, and making the end of slavery a war goal. The Confederacy had a larger area than it could defend, and it failed to keep its ports open and its rivers clear. The North kept up the pressure as the South could barely feed and clothe its soldiers. Its soldiers, especially those in the East under the command of General Robert E. Lee proved highly resourceful until they finally were overwhelmed by Generals Ulysses S. Grant and William T. Sherman in 1864–65, The Reconstruction Era (1863–77) began with the Emancipation proclamation in 1863, and included freedom, full citizenship and the vote for the Southern blacks. It was followed by a reaction that left the blacks in a second class status legally, politically, socially and economically until the 1960s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Vampire Secrets", "paragraph_text": "Vampire Secrets is a 2006 docudrama about the mythology and lifestyle of vampires, produced by Indigo Films for the History Channel, and narrated by Corey Burton.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Haitian Revolution", "paragraph_text": "The Haitian Revolution (French: Révolution haïtienne (ʁevɔlysjɔ̃ ajisjɛ̃n)) was a successful anti-slavery and anti-colonial insurrection by self - liberated slaves against French colonial rule in Saint - Domingue, now the sovereign nation of Haiti. It began on 22 August 1791 at 22: 00, and ended in 1804 with the former colony's independence. It involved blacks, mulattoes, French, Spanish, and British participants -- with the ex-slave Toussaint L'Ouverture emerging as Haiti's most charismatic hero. It was the only slave uprising that led to the founding of a state which was both free from slavery, and ruled by non-whites and former captives. It is now widely seen as a defining moment in the history of racism in the Atlantic World.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Ulrich Bonnell Phillips", "paragraph_text": "Ulrich Bonnell Phillips (November 4, 1877 – January 21, 1934) was an American historian who largely defined the field of the social and economic history of the antebellum American South and slavery. Phillips concentrated on the large plantations that dominated the Southern economy, and he did not investigate the numerous small farmers who held few slaves. He concluded that plantation slavery produced great wealth, but was a dead end, economically, that left the South bypassed by the industrial revolution underway in the North.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Indigo Valley, Victoria", "paragraph_text": "Indigo Valley is a valley and bounded locality in Victoria, Australia stretching approximately between Yackandandah and the Hume Highway near Barnawartha. The Indigo Creek flows through it.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Aborigines' Protection Society", "paragraph_text": "The Society continued until 1909 when it merged with the Anti-Slavery Society to form the Anti-Slavery and Aborigines' Protection Society (now Anti-Slavery International).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Central African Republic", "paragraph_text": "Agriculture is dominated by the cultivation and sale of food crops such as cassava, peanuts, maize, sorghum, millet, sesame, and plantain. The annual real GDP growth rate is just above 3%. The importance of food crops over exported cash crops is indicated by the fact that the total production of cassava, the staple food of most Central Africans, ranges between 200,000 and 300,000 tonnes a year, while the production of cotton, the principal exported cash crop, ranges from 25,000 to 45,000 tonnes a year. Food crops are not exported in large quantities, but still constitute the principal cash crops of the country, because Central Africans derive far more income from the periodic sale of surplus food crops than from exported cash crops such as cotton or coffee.[citation needed] Much of the country is self-sufficient in food crops; however, livestock development is hindered by the presence of the tsetse fly.[citation needed]", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 32375, "question": "Which nation subsidized indigo crops from the Lowcountry?", "answer": "Britain", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 }, { "id": 37774, "question": "When did #1 end slavery?", "answer": "1834", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "National Park Service", "paragraph_text": "National Park Service National Park Service Arrowhead Guidon of the National Park Service Agency overview Formed August 25, 1916; 101 years ago (1916 - 08 - 25) Jurisdiction United States federal government Headquarters 1849 C Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20240 Employees 15,828 permanent, 1,256 term, 2,984 seasonal (2007) Annual budget $2.924 billion (2009) Agency executive Mike Reynolds, Acting Director Parent agency Department of the Interior Website www.NPS.gov", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Secretary of State of Washington", "paragraph_text": "Office of the Secretary of State Agency overview Headquarters Olympia, Washington, United States Annual budget $25,260,000 (2017 - 2019 biennium) Agency executive Kim Wyman, Secretary of State Website sos.wa.gov", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Themroc", "paragraph_text": "Themroc is a 1973 French satirical film by director Claude Faraldo. It was produced by François de Lannurien and Helène Vager and its original music was composed by Harald Maury. Made on a low budget with no intelligible dialog, \"Themroc\" tells the story of a French blue collar worker who rebels against modern society, reverting into an urban caveman. The film's scenes of incest and cannibalism earned it adults-only ratings. It was the first film to be shown in the UK's Channel 4's red triangle series of controversial films in 1986. It has become a cult film.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Federal Bureau of Prisons", "paragraph_text": "Federal Bureau of Prisons Seal of the Federal Bureau of Prisons Flag of the Federal Bureau of Prisons Agency overview Formed 1930; 88 years ago (1930) Headquarters Federal Home Loan Bank Board Building Washington, D.C., U.S. Motto Correctional Excellence. Respect. Integrity. Employees 40,060 Annual budget 7.3 billion USD (FY 2016) Agency executives Vacant, Director Vacant, Deputy Director Parent agency Department of Justice Website www.bop.gov", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Saginaw, Alabama", "paragraph_text": "Saginaw is an unincorporated community 2.5 miles north of Calera in Shelby County, Alabama, United States with zip code 35137. It is part of the Birmingham-Hoover-Cullman Combined Statistical Area. It is located southeast of Alabaster on the east side of Interstate 65 at the intersection of State Route 70 and U.S. Route 31.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Federal Bureau of Investigation", "paragraph_text": "Beginning in the 1940s and continuing into the 1970s, the bureau investigated cases of espionage against the United States and its allies. Eight Nazi agents who had planned sabotage operations against American targets were arrested, and six were executed (Ex parte Quirin) under their sentences. Also during this time, a joint US/UK code-breaking effort (the Venona project)—with which the FBI was heavily involved—broke Soviet diplomatic and intelligence communications codes, allowing the US and British governments to read Soviet communications. This effort confirmed the existence of Americans working in the United States for Soviet intelligence. Hoover was administering this project but failed to notify the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) until 1952. Another notable case is the arrest of Soviet spy Rudolf Abel in 1957. The discovery of Soviet spies operating in the US allowed Hoover to pursue his longstanding obsession with the threat he perceived from the American Left, ranging from Communist Party of the United States of America (CPUSA) union organizers to American liberals.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "National Archives and Records Administration", "paragraph_text": "The first Archivist, R.D.W. Connor, began serving in 1934, when the National Archives was established by Congress. As a result of a first Hoover Commission recommendation, in 1949 the National Archives was placed within the newly formed General Services Administration (GSA). The Archivist served as a subordinate official to the GSA Administrator until the National Archives and Records Administration became an independent agency on April 1, 1985.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "United States budget process", "paragraph_text": "There is no obligation for either or both houses of Congress to pass a budget resolution. There may not be a resolution every year; if none is established, the previous year's resolution remains in force. For example, the Senate has not passed a budget resolution for FY2011, FY2012, or FY2013, and passed the FY2014 budget resolution on March 23, 2013, 23 days before the April 15 deadline set by the No Budget, No Pay Act of 2013. This was the first budget resolution passed by the Senate since a FY2010 budget passed on April 29, 2009. The House and Senate may propose a budget independently of the President's budget. For example, for the 2014 budget process, the House prepared its budget proposal on March 21 and the Senate proposed a budget on March 23, while the President's budget was not submitted until April 10.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Central Intelligence Agency", "paragraph_text": "Details of the overall United States intelligence budget are classified. Under the Central Intelligence Agency Act of 1949, the Director of Central Intelligence is the only federal government employee who can spend \"un-vouchered\" government money. The government has disclosed a total figure for all non-military intelligence spending since 2007; the fiscal 2013 figure is $52.6 billion. According to the 2013 mass surveillance disclosures, the CIA's fiscal 2013 budget is $14.7 billion, 28% of the total and almost 50% more than the budget of the National Security Agency. CIA's HUMINT budget is $2.3 billion, the SIGINT budget is $1.7 billion, and spending for security and logistics of CIA missions is $2.5 billion. \"Covert action programs\", including a variety of activities such as the CIA's drone fleet and anti-Iranian nuclear program activities, accounts for $2.6 billion.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Office of National Drug Control Policy", "paragraph_text": "Office of National Drug Control Policy Agency overview Formed October 27, 1986; 30 years ago (1986 - 10 - 27) Headquarters Washington, D.C., U.S. Annual budget $31.4 billion Agency executive Richard Baum (Acting), Director Parent agency Executive Office of the President Website usa.gov/federal-agencies/office-of-national-drug-control-policy", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Star Trek: Discovery", "paragraph_text": "Star Trek: Discovery Genre Science fiction Adventure Drama Created by Bryan Fuller Alex Kurtzman Based on Star Trek by Gene Roddenberry Starring Sonequa Martin - Green Doug Jones Shazad Latif Anthony Rapp Mary Wiseman Jason Isaacs Composer (s) Jeff Russo Alexander Courage (original theme) Country of origin United States Original language (s) English No. of seasons No. of episodes 9 (list of episodes) Production Executive producer (s) Bryan Fuller David Semel (1x01) Eugene Roddenberry Trevor Roth Akiva Goldsman Heather Kadin Gretchen J. Berg Aaron Harberts Alex Kurtzman Producer (s) Geoffrey Hemwall April Nocifora Aaron Baiers Jill Danton Nicholas Meyer (consulting) Craig Sweeny (consulting) Location (s) Toronto Cinematography Guillermo Navarro Colin Hoult Production company (s) Secret Hideout Roddenberry Entertainment Living Dead Guy Productions CBS Television Studios Distributor CBS Television Distribution Budget US $8 -- 8.5 million per episode Release Original network CBS (1x01) CBS All Access Original release September 24, 2017 (2017 - 09 - 24) -- present (present) Chronology Preceded by Star Trek: Enterprise Related shows Star Trek TV series External links Star Trek: Discovery - CBS.com www.cbs.com/shows/star-trek-discovery/", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "My Ántonia", "paragraph_text": "The novel tells the stories of an orphaned boy from Virginia, Jim Burden, and the elder daughter in a family of Bohemian immigrants, Ántonia Shimerda, who are each brought as children to be pioneers in Nebraska towards the end of the 19th century. Both the pioneers who first break the prairie sod for farming, as well as of the harsh but fertile land itself, feature in this American novel. The first year in the very new place leaves strong impressions in both children, affecting them lifelong.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Heirs to the Dare", "paragraph_text": "Heirs to the Dare is a reality television show which premiered on March 10, 2014 on The Discovery Channel. The show followed three stunt performers in the footsteps of daredevils past, primarily Evel Knievel, to perform dangerous stunts today. The three stunt performers are Henry “The Pitbull” Rife, Bubba Blackwell, and Super Joe Reed. Discovery describes the show as \"Bubba, Henry, and Super Joe soar through the air on bikes and ATVs for the thrill of it. They break bones, but they also break records.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Nike, Inc.", "paragraph_text": "In 1976, the company hired John Brown and Partners, based in Seattle, as its first advertising agency. The following year, the agency created the first ``brand ad ''for Nike, called`` There is no finish line'', in which no Nike product was shown. By 1980, Nike had attained a 50% market share in the U.S. athletic shoe market, and the company went public in December of that year.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Runway Moms", "paragraph_text": "Runway Moms is an American reality television program created for the Discovery Health Channel. It is a documentary style show profiling women that work for Expecting Models, a modeling agency that specializes in pregnant models and actresses.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Central Intelligence Agency", "paragraph_text": "There were numerous previous attempts to obtain general information about the budget. As a result, it was revealed that CIA's annual budget in Fiscal Year 1963 was US $550 million (inflation-adjusted US$ 4.3 billion in 2016), and the overall intelligence budget in FY 1997 was US $26.6 billion (inflation-adjusted US$ 39.2 billion in 2016). There have been accidental disclosures; for instance, Mary Margaret Graham, a former CIA official and deputy director of national intelligence for collection in 2005, said that the annual intelligence budget was $44 billion, and in 1994 Congress accidentally published a budget of $43.4 billion (in 2012 dollars) in 1994 for the non-military National Intelligence Program, including $4.8 billion for the CIA. After the Marshall Plan was approved, appropriating $13.7 billion over five years, 5% of those funds or $685 million were made available to the CIA.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 16, "title": "National Highway Traffic Safety Administration", "paragraph_text": "National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) National Highway Traffic Safety Administration logo Agency overview Formed December 31, 1970; 47 years ago (1970 - 12 - 31) Preceding agency National Highway Safety Bureau Jurisdiction U.S. motor vehicles Headquarters Washington, D.C., U.S. Motto ``People saving people ''Employees 610 (FY 2015 Enacted) Annual budget $908,000,000 (2016 Request) Agency executives Heidi King, Deputy Administrator Jack Danielson, Executive Director Parent department Department of Transportation Website nhtsa.gov", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "United States Food Administration", "paragraph_text": "Under the direction of Herbert Hoover the U.S. Food Administration employed its Grain Corporation, organized under the provisions of the Food Control Act of August 10, 1917, as an agency for the purchase and sale of foodstuff. Having done transactions in the size of $7 billion it was rendered obsolete by the armistice in Europe. President Woodrow Wilson promoted its transition in a new agency for the support of the reconstruction of Europe. It became the American Relief Administration, approved by an Act (Public, No. 274, 65th Congress) on February 25, 1919.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Federal Bureau of Investigation", "paragraph_text": "J. Edgar Hoover served as Director from 1924 to 1972, a combined 48 years with the BOI, DOI, and FBI. He was chiefly responsible for creating the Scientific Crime Detection Laboratory, or the FBI Laboratory, which officially opened in 1932, as part of his work to professionalize investigations by the government. Hoover was substantially involved in most major cases and projects that the FBI handled during his tenure. After Hoover's death, Congress passed legislation that limited the tenure of future FBI Directors to ten years.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Buster Hoover", "paragraph_text": "William James \"Buster\" Hoover (April 12, 1863 – April 16, 1924) was an American outfielder in Major League Baseball. He played for the Philadelphia Keystones, Philadelphia Quakers, Baltimore Orioles, and Cincinnati Reds between 1884 and 1892. Described as a \"long legged heavy hitter\", Hoover was among his league's leaders in several offensive statistics during his 12-year professional baseball career. In 127 career major league games, Hoover had a batting average of .288. He stood and weighed .", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 13651, "question": "What agency did Hoover not tell about the code break and the discoveries gained from it?", "answer": "CIA", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 }, { "id": 33822, "question": "What was the first year the #1 's budget was disclosed?", "answer": "1963", "paragraph_support_idx": 15 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Saint Kitts and Nevis", "paragraph_text": "Saint Kitts and Nevis along with Anguilla, became an associated state with full internal autonomy in 1967. Anguillians rebelled and separated from the others in 1977. St. Kitts and Nevis achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1983. It is also the newest sovereign state in the Americas. In August 1998, a vote in Nevis on a referendum to separate from St. Kitts fell short of the required two-thirds majority. In late-September 1998, Hurricane Georges caused approximately $458,000,000 in damages and property and limited GDP growth for the year and beyond. Georges was the worst hurricane to hit the region during the twentieth century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "List of Texas hurricanes (1980–present)", "paragraph_text": "August 25 -- 28, 2017 -- Hurricane Harvey hit the coast near Rockport as a Category 4 hurricane, producing extreme and unprecedented amounts of rainfall in the Houston Metropolitan area. It is the costliest hurricane worldwide with $198.6 billion in damages.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Fazaldad Wahla", "paragraph_text": "A US-trained orthodontist by profession, he was killed on September 24, 1999 at his home in Angoori, Pakistan while attempting to settle a dispute involving a runaway village girl. A young girl ran away from home and her family, \"shamed\" by this action, attempted to kill the girl. Fazaldad Wahla tried to step in and save her, and was killed by the family.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Hurricane Maria", "paragraph_text": "Hurricane Maria is regarded as being the worst natural disaster on record to affect Dominica and Puerto Rico, and is also the deadliest Atlantic hurricane since Hurricane Jeanne in 2004. The tenth-most intense Atlantic hurricane on record and the most intense tropical cyclone worldwide in 2017, Maria was the thirteenth named storm, eighth consecutive hurricane, fourth major hurricane, second Category 5 hurricane, and the deadliest storm of the hyperactive 2017 Atlantic hurricane season. At its peak, the hurricane caused catastrophic damage and numerous fatalities across the northeastern Caribbean, compounding recovery efforts in the areas of the Leeward Islands already struck by Hurricane Irma. Total losses from the hurricane are estimated at upwards of $91.61 billion (2017 USD), mostly in Puerto Rico, ranking it as the third - costliest tropical cyclone on record.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "List of Florida hurricanes (2000–present)", "paragraph_text": "September 10 -- 11 - Hurricane Irma makes landfall on Cudjoe Key as a Category 4 hurricane with sustained winds of 130 mph (215 km / h), then makes a second landfall on Marco Island with winds of 115 mph (185 km / h). It is the strongest hurricane in terms of windspeed to hit the state since Charley in 2004, and the most intense in terms of pressure since Andrew in 1992. Irma has killed at least 82 people in the state.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Marionetas En La Cuerda – Sandie Shaw Canta En Español", "paragraph_text": "Marionetas en la cuerda – Sandie Shaw canta en Español is a Spanish-language album by the British singer Sandie Shaw. It is a compilation of her recordings in this language, featuring Spanish versions of many of her hits.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Hurricane Irma", "paragraph_text": "Hurricane Irma was an extremely powerful and catastrophic Cape Verde - type hurricane, the strongest observed in the Atlantic in terms of maximum sustained winds since Wilma and the strongest storm on record to exist in the open Atlantic region. It was the first Category 5 hurricane to strike the Leeward Islands on record, followed by Hurricane Maria two weeks later, and is the second - costliest Caribbean hurricane on record, after Maria. The ninth named storm, fourth hurricane, second major hurricane, and first Category 5 hurricane of the 2017 Atlantic hurricane season, Irma caused widespread and catastrophic damage throughout its long lifetime, particularly in parts of the northeastern Caribbean and the Florida Keys. It was also the most intense Atlantic hurricane to strike the continental United States since Katrina in 2005, the first major hurricane to make landfall in Florida since Wilma in the same year and the first category 4 hurricane to landfall in the state since Charley in 2004.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Hurricane Maria", "paragraph_text": "Hurricane Maria was regarded as the worst natural disaster on record in Dominica and Puerto Rico, and caused catastrophic damage and triggered a major humanitarian crisis in the latter. The tenth-most intense Atlantic hurricane on record and the most intense tropical cyclone worldwide thus far in 2017, Maria was the thirteenth named storm, eighth consecutive hurricane, fourth major hurricane, second Category 5 hurricane, and the deadliest storm of the hyperactive 2017 Atlantic hurricane season. At its peak, the hurricane caused catastrophic damage and numerous fatalities across the northeastern Caribbean, compounding recovery efforts in the areas of the Leeward Islands already struck by Hurricane Irma just two weeks prior. Maria was the third consecutive major hurricane to threaten the Leeward Islands in two weeks, after Irma made landfall in several of the islands two weeks prior and Hurricane Jose passed dangerously close, bringing tropical storm force winds to Barbuda.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "List of Florida hurricanes", "paragraph_text": "The List of Florida hurricanes encompasses approximately 500 tropical or subtropical cyclones that affected the state of Florida. More storms hit Florida than any other U.S. state, and since 1851 only eighteen hurricane seasons passed without a known storm impacting the state. Collectively, cyclones that hit the region have resulted in over 10,000 deaths, most of which occurring prior to the start of Hurricane Hunters flights in 1943. Additionally, the cumulative impact from the storms totaled over $141 billion in damage (2017 USD), primarily from Hurricane Andrew and hurricanes in the 2004 and 2005 seasons.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Helen Storrow", "paragraph_text": "Helen Osborne Storrow (September 22, 1864 – November 12, 1944) was a prominent American philanthropist, early Girl Scout leader, and chair of the World Committee of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts (WAGGGS) for eight years. She founded the First National Girl Scout Leaders' Training in Long Pond, Massachusetts; headed the leaders' training camp at Foxlease, UK; and donated the first of the WAGGGS World centres, Our Chalet.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Waiting for a Star to Fall", "paragraph_text": "``Waiting for a Star to Fall ''is a song released by the pop duo Boy Meets Girl in 1988. It was a worldwide hit and became their signature song.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Hurricane Charley", "paragraph_text": "Hurricane Charley was the first of four individual hurricanes to produce winds of at least 75 mph in Florida in a single season -- Frances, Ivan, and Jeanne. It was the third named storm, the second hurricane, and the second major hurricane of the 2004 Atlantic hurricane season. Charley lasted from August 9 to August 15, and at its peak intensity it attained 150 mph (240 km / h) winds, making it a strong Category 4 hurricane on the Saffir - Simpson Hurricane Scale. It made landfall in southwestern Florida at maximum strength, making it the strongest hurricane to hit the United States since Hurricane Andrew struck Florida in 1992.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Effects of Hurricane Sandy in New York", "paragraph_text": "Hurricane Sandy Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS / NWS) Satellite image of Sandy at 4: 15 p.m. EDT on October 29 as it was about to make landfall on the Jersey Shore Formed October 28, 2012 (First rainbands begin to affect New Jersey) Dissipated November 2, 2012 (Dissipated as extratropical cyclone) (Extratropical after October 29) Highest winds 1 - minute sustained: 80 mph (130 km / h) Highest gust Gusts: 100 mph (155 km / h) Lowest pressure 945 mbar (hPa); 27.91 inHg Fatalities 53 total Damage $32 billion (2012 USD) (Estimated damage total) Areas affected New York, especially the New York metropolitan area Part of the 2012 Atlantic hurricane season Part of a series on Hurricane Sandy General Meteorological history Impact Greater Antilles United States Maryland and Washington, D.C. New Jersey New York New England Canada Other wikis Commons: Sandy images Wikinews: Sandy stories", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "1921 Tampa Bay hurricane", "paragraph_text": "The Tampa Bay hurricane of 1921 (also known as the 1921 Tarpon Springs hurricane) is the most recent major hurricane to strike the Tampa Bay Area. The eleventh tropical cyclone, sixth tropical storm, and fifth hurricane of the season, the storm developed from a trough in the southwestern Caribbean Sea on October 20. Initially a tropical storm, the system moved northwestward and intensified into a hurricane on October 22 and a major hurricane by October 23. Later that day, the cyclone peaked as a Category 4 on the modern day Saffir -- Simpson scale with maximum sustained winds of 140 mph (220 km / h). After entering the Gulf of Mexico, the hurricane gradually curved northeastward and weakened to a Category 3 before making landfall near Tarpon Springs, Florida, late on October 25, becoming the first major hurricane to hit the area since a hurricane in 1848. The storm quickly weakened to a Category 1 hurricane while crossing Central Florida, before reaching the Atlantic Ocean early on the following day. Thereafter, system moved east - southeastward and remained fairly steady in intensity before weakening to a tropical storm late on October 29. The storm was then absorbed by a larger extratropical cyclone early the next day, with the remnants of the hurricane soon becoming indistinguishable.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Daytona Beach, Florida", "paragraph_text": "Typically tropical cyclones pass offshore once they reach the northern portion of the Atlantic coast of Florida. As such, the hurricane risk for Daytona Beach is significantly lower than areas of southern Florida like Miami and Key West. The 2004 hurricane season was by far the most active in the Daytona Beach area in the last 50 years. However, since 1950 there has only been one direct hit by a tropical cyclone to the Daytona Beach area, Hurricane Donna in 1960.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Hurricane Wilma", "paragraph_text": "Hurricane Wilma was the most intense tropical cyclone ever recorded in the Atlantic basin, as well as the most intense recorded in the western hemisphere until Hurricane Patricia in 2015. Part of the record - breaking 2005 Atlantic hurricane season, which included three of the top ten most intense Atlantic hurricanes ever (along with # 4 Rita and # 7 Katrina), Wilma was the twenty - second storm, thirteenth hurricane, sixth major hurricane, fourth Category 5 hurricane, and second-most destructive hurricane of the 2005 season. A tropical depression formed in the Caribbean Sea near Jamaica on October 15, headed westward, and two days later intensified into a tropical storm which turned abruptly southward and was named Wilma. Wilma continued to strengthen, and eventually became a hurricane on October 18. Shortly thereafter, explosive intensification occurred, and in only 24 hours, Wilma became a Category 5 hurricane with wind speeds of 185 miles per hour (298 km / h).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "1988 Atlantic hurricane season", "paragraph_text": "Forecasts of hurricane activity are issued before each hurricane season by noted hurricane experts such as Dr. William M. Gray and his associates at Colorado State University. A normal season as defined by NOAA has six to fourteen named storms of which four to eight reach hurricane strength and one to three become major hurricanes. The June 1988 forecast was that eleven storms would form and that seven would reach hurricane status. The forecast did not specify how many hurricanes would reach major hurricane status.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Mexican Train", "paragraph_text": "A double - twelve set of dominoes is marketed as the standard for Mexican Train, and accommodates up to 8 players. Other sets are commonly used as well. The following alternate sets are common, depending on the number of people playing:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Alfie (Burt Bacharach song)", "paragraph_text": "Although Bacharach and David suggested ``Alfie ''be recorded by Dionne Warwick, their most prolific interpreter, Paramount felt the film's setting demanded the song be recorded by a UK singer. Accordingly, Sandie Shaw, who had had a UK # 1 hit with the Bacharach / David composition`` (There's) Always Something There to Remind Me'', was initially invited to record ``Alfie ''. When Shaw declined, the song was offered to Cilla Black, who had also had a UK # 1 with a Bacharach / David number,`` Anyone Who Had a Heart''.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "List of Texas hurricanes (1980–present)", "paragraph_text": "August 25 -- 28, 2017 -- Hurricane Harvey, the first Category 4 hurricane to make landfall in Texas since Hurricane Carla (1961), hit the coast near Rockport. To date, the full extent of the week - long impact is unknown.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 69023, "question": "where is the girl on the train set", "answer": "New York City", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 87032, "question": "when did hurricane sandy hit #1", "answer": "October 28, 2012", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "History of South Africa", "paragraph_text": "Following the defeat of the Boers in the Anglo - Boer or South African War (1899 -- 1902), the Union of South Africa was created as a dominion of the British Empire in terms of the South Africa Act 1909, which amalgamated the four previously separate British colonies: Cape Colony, Natal Colony, Transvaal Colony and Orange River Colony. The country became a self - governing nation state within the British Empire, in 1934 following enactment of the Status of the Union Act. The dominion came to an end on 31 May 1961 as the consequence of a 1960 referendum, which legitimised the country becoming a sovereign state named Republic of South Africa. A republican constitution was adopted.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Name of Canada", "paragraph_text": "European explorer Jacques Cartier transcribed the word as ``Canada ''and was the first to use the word to refer not only to the village of Stadacona but also to the neighbouring region and to the Saint Lawrence River, which he called rivière de Canada during his second voyage in 1535. By the mid 1500s, European books and maps began referring to this region as Canada. Canada became the name of a colony in New France that stretched along the St. Lawrence River. The terms`` Canada'' and ``New France ''were often used interchangeably during the colonial period.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Economy of Malta", "paragraph_text": "During the Napoleonic Wars (1800–1815), Malta's economy prospered and became the focal point of a major trading system. In 1808, two thirds of the cargo consigned from Malta went to Levant and Egypt. Later, one half of the cargo was usually destined for Trieste. Cargo consisted of largely British and colonial-manufactured goods. Malta's economy became prosperous from this trade and many artisans, such as weavers, found new jobs in the port industry.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Independence of New Zealand", "paragraph_text": "The principles behind the independence of New Zealand began before New Zealand even became a British colony in 1840. There had been minor rebellions in Canada, and in order to avoid making the mistakes which had led to the American revolution, Lord Durham was commissioned to make a report on the government of colonies which contained a substantial British population. The principles of self - government within the Empire were laid down in the Durham Report and first put into operation in Nova Scotia in 1848. Canada, New Zealand, and the Australian colonies very soon followed suit. The British Parliament passed the New Zealand Constitution Act 1852 to grant the colony's settlers the right to self - governance, only 12 years (in 1853) after the founding of the colony. New Zealand was therefore to all intents and purposes independent in domestic matters from its earliest days as a British colony.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Nicolas Dorion", "paragraph_text": "Nicolas Dorion (August 6, 1764 – July 7, 1826) was a merchant and political figure in Lower Canada. He represented Devon in the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada from 1796 to 1800.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Red River Rebellion", "paragraph_text": "Red River Resistance Résistance de la rivière Rouge (French) The Métis provisional government Date 1869 -- 1870 Location Red River Colony, Rupert's Land, Canada Result Métis political victory Red River Colony enters Canadian Confederation as the Province of Manitoba Canadian military victory The Wolseley Expedition takes control of Fort Garry Louis Riel flees to the United States Belligerents Métis Provisional Government Canada Canadian Party Commanders and leaders Louis Riel John Bruce Ambroise - Dydime Lépine John A. Macdonald William McDougall John Christian Schultz Garnet Wolseley Casualties and losses None 1 (Thomas Scott)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Nauru", "paragraph_text": "Settled by people from Micronesia and Polynesia c.  1000 BCE, Nauru was annexed and claimed as a colony by the German Empire in the late 19th century. After World War I, Nauru became a League of Nations mandate administered by Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom. During World War II, Nauru was occupied by Japanese troops, who were bypassed by the Allied advance across the Pacific. After the war ended, the country entered into United Nations trusteeship. Nauru gained its independence in 1968, and became a member of the Pacific Community (SPC) in 1969.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "John Marshall", "paragraph_text": "John Marshall (September 24, 1755 -- July 6, 1835) was an American politician. He was the fourth Chief Justice of the United States (1801 -- 1835). His court opinions helped lay the basis for United States constitutional law and many say he made the Supreme Court of the United States a coequal branch of government along with the legislative and executive branches. Previously, Marshall had been a leader of the Federalist Party in Virginia and served in the United States House of Representatives from 1799 to 1800. He was Secretary of State under President John Adams from 1800 to 1801 and, at the age of 45, became the last of the chief justices to be born in Colonial America.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Modern history", "paragraph_text": "The Dutch East India Company (1800) and British East India Company (1858) were dissolved by their respective governments, who took over the direct administration of the colonies. Only Thailand was spared the experience of foreign rule, although, Thailand itself was also greatly affected by the power politics of the Western powers. Colonial rule had a profound effect on Southeast Asia. While the colonial powers profited much from the region's vast resources and large market, colonial rule did develop the region to a varying extent.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Provinces and territories of Canada", "paragraph_text": "The provinces and territories of Canada are the administrative divisions that are responsible for the delivery of sub-national governance within the geographical areas of Canada under the authority of the Canadian Constitution. In the 1867 Canadian Confederation, three provinces of British North America -- New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and the Province of Canada (which, upon Confederation, was divided into Ontario and Quebec) -- were united to form a federated colony, which eventually became a sovereign nation in the next century. Over its history, Canada's international borders have changed several times, and the country has grown from the original four provinces to the current ten provinces and three territories. The ten provinces are Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, and Saskatchewan. Several of the provinces were former British colonies, and Quebec was originally a French colony, while others were added as Canada grew. The three territories are Northwest Territories, Nunavut, and Yukon, which govern the rest of the area of the former British North America. Together, the provinces and territories make up the world's second - largest country by area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Colony of Singapore", "paragraph_text": "The Colony of Singapore was a British Crown colony that existed from 1946 until 1963, when Singapore became part of Malaysia. When the Empire of Japan surrendered to the Allies at the end of World War II, the island was handed back to the British in 1945. In 1946, the Straits Settlements were dissolved and Singapore together with the Cocos - Keeling and Christmas islands became a separate Crown colony. The colony was governed by the British Empire until it gained partial internal self - governance in 1955.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "John Marshall", "paragraph_text": "John Marshall (September 24, 1755 -- July 6, 1835) was an American politician and the fourth Chief Justice of the United States (1801 -- 1835). His court opinions helped lay the basis for United States constitutional law and many say he made the Supreme Court of the United States a coequal branch of government along with the legislative and executive branches. Previously, Marshall had been a leader of the Federalist Party in Virginia and served in the United States House of Representatives from 1799 to 1800. He was Secretary of State under President John Adams from 1800 to 1801 and, at the age of 45, became the last of the chief justices to be born in Colonial America.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Newfoundland and Labrador", "paragraph_text": "A former colony and then dominion of the United Kingdom, Newfoundland gave up its independence in 1933, following significant economic distress caused by the Great Depression and the aftermath of Newfoundland's participation in World War I. It became the tenth province to enter the Canadian Confederation on March 31, 1949, as ``Newfoundland. ''On December 6, 2001, an amendment was made to the Constitution of Canada to change the province's official name to Newfoundland and Labrador.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "British America", "paragraph_text": "British America gained large amounts of new territory following the Treaty of Paris (1763) which ended British involvement in the Seven Years' War. At the start of the American War of Independence in 1775, the British Empire included twenty colonies north and east of New Spain (present - day areas of Mexico and the Western United States). East and West Florida were ceded to Spain in the Treaty of Paris (1783) which ended the American Revolution, and then ceded by Spain to the United States in 1819. The remaining continental colonies of British North America formed the Dominion of Canada by uniting between 1867 and 1873. The Dominion of Newfoundland joined Canada in 1949.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "White House", "paragraph_text": "President John Adams also occupied the Market Street mansion from March 1797 to May 1800. On Saturday, November 1, 1800, he became the first president to occupy the White House. The President's House in Philadelphia became a hotel and was demolished in 1832, while the unused presidential mansion became home to the University of Pennsylvania.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Capital punishment in Canada", "paragraph_text": "Capital punishment in Canada dates back to Canada's earliest history, including its period as a French colony and, after 1763, its time as a British colony. From 1867 to the elimination of the death penalty for murder on July 14, 1976, 1,481 people had been sentenced to death, and 710 had been executed. Of those executed, 697 were men and 13 were women. The only method used in Canada for capital punishment of civilians after the end of the French regime was hanging. The last execution in Canada was the double hanging of Arthur Lucas and Ronald Turpin on December 11, 1962, at Toronto's Don Jail.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Belfast", "paragraph_text": "By the early 1800s the former town was home to a major port. Belfast played a key role in the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century, becoming the biggest linen producer in the world, earning it the nickname ``Linenopolis ''. By the time it was granted city status in 1888, it was a major centre of the Irish linen as well as tobacco - processing, rope - making and shipbuilding industries. Harland and Wolff, which built the RMS Titanic, was the world's biggest and most productive shipyard. It later also sustained a major aerospace and missiles industry. Industrialisation and the inward migration it brought made Belfast Ireland's biggest city at the time. It became the capital of Northern Ireland following the Partition of Ireland in 1922. Its status as a global industrial centre ended in the decades after the Second World War.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "The In-Between World of Vikram Lall", "paragraph_text": "The In-Between World of Vikram Lall is a novel by M. G. Vassanji, published in 2003 by Doubleday Canada. The novel won the Scotiabank Giller Prize that year and narrates a story of Vikram Lall in the colonial and post-colonial Kenya. The title for the novel also inspired the title for Elizabeth Nunez's novel \"Anna In-Between\", published in 2009.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Bermuda", "paragraph_text": "The end of the war, however, was to cause profound change in Bermuda, though some of those changes would take decades to crystallise. Following the war, with the buildup of Naval and military forces in Bermuda, the primary leg of the Bermudian economy became defence infrastructure. Even after tourism began later in the 19th century, Bermuda remained, in the eyes of London, a base more than a colony. The Crown strengthened its political and economic ties to Bermuda, and the colony's independence on the world stage was diminished.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Central African Republic", "paragraph_text": "In September 1940, during the Second World War, pro-Gaullist French officers took control of Ubangi-Shari and General Leclerc established his headquarters for the Free French Forces in Bangui. In 1946 Barthélémy Boganda was elected with 9,000 votes to the French National Assembly, becoming the first representative for CAR in the French government. Boganda maintained a political stance against racism and the colonial regime but gradually became disheartened with the French political system and returned to CAR to establish the Movement for the Social Evolution of Black Africa (MESAN) in 1950.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 76701, "question": "who controlled the world at the end of the 1800s", "answer": "Britain", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 74420, "question": "when did canada became a colony of #1", "answer": "1763", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Newell House Museum", "paragraph_text": "The Newell House Museum, also known as the Robert Newell House, is located in Champoeg, Oregon, United States. Built by Oregon politician Robert Newell in 1852, the house was acquired in 1952 by the Oregon State Society, Daughters of the American Revolution. The house was reconstructed and opened as a museum in 1959.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "The Palazzo", "paragraph_text": "The Tam O'Shanter motel was built and opened in 1959, on 1.5 acres (0.61 ha) of the land. The motel was owned by Bernie Zeldin, and was named after Illinois' Tam O'Shanter Golf Course, where Zeldin frequently played. The motel had 100 rooms, and featured a distinctive neon sign resembling a tam o 'shanter cap. The sign was later donated to the city's Neon Museum. The Spanish Trail Motel went out of business around 1960. In 1962, it reopened as the Imperial 400 Motel.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "List of municipalities in Michigan", "paragraph_text": "Michigan is a state located in the Midwestern United States. According to the 2010 United States Census, Michigan is the 8th most populous state with 7006988412900000000 ♠ 9,884,129 inhabitants but the 22nd largest by land area spanning 56,538.90 square miles (146,435.1 km) of land. Michigan is divided into 83 counties and contains 533 incorporated municipalities consisting of cities and villages. Specifically, Michigan has 276 cities, 257 villages, and 1,240 townships.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Windham Textile and History Museum", "paragraph_text": "The Windham Textile and History Museum is a museum in Willimantic, Connecticut, in the New England region of the United States. It is currently located in Main St.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Gebhart Tavern", "paragraph_text": "Gebhart Tavern, also known as the Daniel Gebhart Tavern Museum, is a small museum located in Miamisburg, Ohio, United States. It is a popular attraction in Miamisburg and is currently being run by the Miamisburg Historical Society.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "National Border Patrol Museum", "paragraph_text": "The National Border Patrol Museum is located at 4315 Woodrow Bean Transmountain Drive, in the county of El Paso, in the U.S. state of Texas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Joe Wheeler State Park", "paragraph_text": "Joe Wheeler State Park is a state-owned, public recreation area with resort features located on Wheeler Lake, an impoundment of the Tennessee River in northwest Alabama. The state park contains of land in three separate parcels and adjoins the Tennessee Valley Authority's Wheeler Dam.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Slide Rock State Park", "paragraph_text": "Slide Rock State Park is a state park of Arizona, USA, taking its name from a natural water slide formed by the slippery bed of Oak Creek. The park is located in Oak Creek Canyon 7 miles (11 km) north of Sedona. Slide Rock State Park is located on Coconino National Forest land and is co-managed by the Arizona State Parks agency and the U.S. Forest Service. Tall red rock formations that are typical of the region also surround the park, which contains a 43 - acre (17 ha) working apple farm.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Tixméhuac Municipality", "paragraph_text": "Tixméhuac Municipality (Yucatec Maya: \"Place of Xmeuac tribe\") is one of the 106 municipalities in the Mexican state of Yucatán containing (251.65 km) of land and is located roughly southeast of the city of Mérida.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Cumberland State Forest (New South Wales)", "paragraph_text": "Cumberland State Forest is a forest in the Australian state of New South Wales. It is located in West Pennant Hills, Sydney. It contains 40 hectares of native forest. The original land was privately owned and was cleared in 1908. In 1938 its management was taken over by the then NSW Forestry Commission, and one third of the land was planted as an arboretum while the rest was allowed to regenerate naturally. What is seen today is more than 50 years of forest growth.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "The Vintage Vehicle Show", "paragraph_text": "Each episode focuses on an automotive museum, a car show, or a private collection somewhere in the United States although most episodes are located in the western United States. The program began on one station in Seattle in 1993 and is currently syndicated throughout the U.S. on 101 stations and in 27 foreign markets. As of 6/26/14 over 450 new episodes have been produced.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Federal lands", "paragraph_text": "The federal government owns about 640 million acres of land in the United States, about 28% of the total land area of 2.27 billion acres. The majority of federal lands (610.1 million acres in 2015) are administered by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), National Park Service (NPS), or U.S. Forest Service (FS). BLM, FWS, and NPS are part of the U.S. Department of the Interior, while the Forest Service is part of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. An additional 11.4 million acres of land (about 2% of all federal land) is owned by the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD). The majority of federal lands are located in Alaska and the Western states.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "List of states and territories of the United States by population", "paragraph_text": "As of April 1, 2010, the date of the 2010 United States Census, the nine most populous U.S. states contain slightly more than half of the total population. The 25 least populous states contain less than one - sixth of the total population. California, the most populous state, contains more people than the 21 least populous states combined.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Heritage Village Museum", "paragraph_text": "Heritage Village Museum is a recreated 1800s community in Southwestern Ohio, in the United States. The village contains 13 historic buildings from around the Cincinnati area; they were moved here to save them from destruction. The village is located within Sharon Woods Park in Sharonville, Ohio.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Neon Museum", "paragraph_text": "The Neon Museum in Las Vegas, Nevada, United States, features signs from old casinos and other businesses displayed outdoors on 2.62 acres. The museum features a restored lobby shell from the defunct La Concha Motel as its visitor center, which officially opened on October 27, 2012.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Saint Helena Island National Scenic Area", "paragraph_text": "Saint Helena Island National Scenic Area is a federally designated National Scenic Area within the Hiawatha National Forest in the US state of Michigan. The scenic area is administered by the U.S. Forest Service. It is contains all of Saint Helena Island, excluding the St. Helena Island Light. The Hiawatha National Forest was extended to encompass the island, which was acquired when existing property owners placed the land for sale.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Idaho Museum of Natural History", "paragraph_text": "The Idaho Museum of Natural History (IMNH) is the official state natural history museum of Idaho, located on the campus of Idaho State University (ISU) in Pocatello. Founded in 1934, it has collections in anthropology, vertebrate paleontology, earth science, and the life sciences. Additionally, it contains an archive of documents and ethnographic photographs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Landes, West Virginia", "paragraph_text": "Landes is an unincorporated community in Grant County, West Virginia, United States. Landes is located on U.S. Route 220 south-southwest of Petersburg.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Neuberger Museum of Art", "paragraph_text": "Neuberger Museum of Art is located in Purchase, New York, United States. It is affiliated with Purchase College, part of the State University of New York system. It is the nation's tenth-largest university museum.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Kostroma region Museum of Nature", "paragraph_text": "The Kostroma region Museum of Nature is a natural history museum located in Kostroma, Russia. The museum was founded in 1958 as a department of the Kostroma State Historical and Architectural Museum.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 129451, "question": "In which state is Neon Museum located?", "answer": "Nevada", "paragraph_support_idx": 14 }, { "id": 61167, "question": "land contained in the current state of #1 was acquired by the u.s. in", "answer": "October 31, 1864", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Grand Jamia Mosque, Lahore", "paragraph_text": "Grand Jamia Mosque Lahore () is a mosque located in Bahria Town, Lahore, Pakistan. With a capacity of 80,000 worshippers, it is the third largest mosque in Pakistan and the fourteenth largest mosque in the world.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Piyale Pasha Mosque", "paragraph_text": "The Piyale Pasha Mosque was designed by Ottoman imperial architect Mimar Sinan for the vizier and grand admiral Piyale Mehmed Pasha. The mosque was built between 1565 and 1573.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Tongxin Great Mosque", "paragraph_text": "The Tongxin Great Mosque () is a mosque in Tongxin County, Wuzhong City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China. The mosque is the oldest and largest mosque in Ningxia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Hassan II Mosque", "paragraph_text": "The Hassan II Mosque (, ) is a mosque in Casablanca, Morocco. It is the largest mosque in Africa, and the 5th largest in the world. Its minaret is the world's second tallest minaret at . Completed in 1993, it was designed by Michel Pinseau and built by Bouygues. The minaret is 60 stories high topped by a laser, the light from which is directed towards Mecca. The mosque stands on a promontory looking out to the Atlantic Ocean; worshippers can pray over the sea but there is no glass floor looking into the sea. The walls are of hand-crafted marble and the roof is retractable. A maximum of 105,000 worshippers can gather together for prayer: 25,000 inside the mosque hall and another 80,000 on the mosque's outside ground.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Rüstem Pasha Mosque", "paragraph_text": "The Rüstem Pasha Islamic cultural center was designed by Ottoman imperial architect Mimar Sinan for the grand vizier Rüstem Pasha (the husband of one of the daughters of Suleiman the Magnificent by Hürrem Sultan (Roxelana), Mihrimah Sultan). Rüstem Pasha died at age 61 in July 1561 and the mosque was built after his death from around 1561 until 1563. The mosque complex now hosts a religious school.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Naissa Mosque", "paragraph_text": "Naissa Mosque is a mosque in Qardaha, along the Syrian coast. It was built in 1989 by architect Abdul Rahman Naassan, and funded by the mother of former president Hafez al-Assad, Naissa Assad—after whom the mosque was named. The state funeral of Hafez al-Assad was observed at the mosque.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Chai Wan Mosque", "paragraph_text": "The Chai Wan Mosque () or Cape Collinson Mosque is a mosque in Chai Wan, Hong Kong, China. It is the fifth mosque built in Hong Kong.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Kizimkazi Mosque", "paragraph_text": "The Kizimkazi Mosque is a mosque situated on the southern tip of the island of Zanzibar in Tanzania and is one of the oldest Islamic buildings on the East African coast. Despite its name, it is located in Dimbani, not Kizimkazi, which is away (this is because the official names of these two joined villages are Kizimkazi Dimbani and Kizimkazi Mtendeni). According to a preserved kufic inscription, it was built in 1107 by settlers from Shiraz. Although the inscription and certain coral-carved decorative elements date from the period of construction, the majority of the present structure was rebuilt in the 18th century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Lal Masjid, Islamabad", "paragraph_text": "The Red Mosque located on Masjid (mosque) Road is one of the oldest mosques within the capital. Before the construction of Faisal Mosque, the largest in the capital as well as the country, it was in the Red Mosque that presidents and other high public dignitaries came to offer ceremonial prayers .Located at a very centralized position, it lies in close proximity to the two busiest commercial centres of the city, Aabparah market in the east and Melody market in the north. It was built in 1965 and is named for its red walls and interiors. According to Capital Development Authority (CDA) records, the Lal Masjid is one of the oldest Mosques in Islamabad. Maulana Muhammad Abdullah was appointed its first imam. Abdullah was critical of all governments except Zia's with whom he was very close. General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq had very close relationship with Maulana Muhammad Abdullah, the former head of the mosque. During the Soviet–Afghan War (1979–1989), the Red Mosque played a major role in recruiting and training mujahideen to fight with Alongside Afghan mujahideen. Throughout its existence, it has enjoyed patronage from influential members of the government, prime ministers, army chiefs, and presidents. Several thousand male and female students live in adjacent seminaries.After Maulana Muhammad Abdullah was assassinated in 1998, his sons Abdul Aziz and Abdul Rashid took over the mosque, Abdul Aziz remains the official khateeb (sermon giver) of the Mosque.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Shah Jahan Mosque, Woking", "paragraph_text": "The Shah Jahan Mosque (also known as Woking Mosque) in Oriental Road, Woking, England, is the first purpose - built mosque in the United Kingdom. Built in 1889, it is located 30 miles (50 km) southwest of London. It is a Grade I listed building.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Sultan Ismail Petra Silver Jubilee Mosque", "paragraph_text": "Chinese Mosque, Rantau Panjang or Sultan Ismail Petra Silver Jubilee Mosque and Beijing Mosque (Malay: Masjid China, Rantau Panjang or Masjid Jubli Perak Sultan Ismail Petra and Masjid Beijing) is a Chinese-style mosque in Rantau Panjang, Kelantan, Malaysia. The mosque resembles the 1,000-year-old Niujie Mosque in Beijing, China.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Üç Şerefeli Mosque", "paragraph_text": "The Üç Şerefeli Mosque was commissioned by Ottoman sultan Murad II (1421–1444,1446– 1451), and built between 1438 and 1447. It is located in the historical center of the city, close to the Selimiye Mosque and Old Mosque. The name refers to unusual minaret with three balconies (Turkish: üç şerefeli).The architect of the mosque is not known. It is built of Burgaz limestone with a main dome that is 24 m in diameter. When first built the dome was the largest in any Ottoman building. The mosque was severely damaged by fire in 1732 and by an earthquake in 1748 but was repaired on the order of Mahmut I.The two blue and turquoise underglaze-painted tile panels in the tympana of the windows were probably produced by the same group of tilemakers who had decorated the Yeşil Mosque (1419–21) in Bursa where the tiles are signed as \"the work of the masters of Tabriz\" (ʿamal-i ustadan-i Tabriz). The running pattern of the Chinese influenced floral border tiles is similar to those in the small Muradiye Mosque in Edirne.In the Şakaiki Numaniye Taş Köprü Zade relates how 'Certain accursed ones of no significance' were burnt to death by Mahmut Paşa who accidentally set fire to his beard in the process.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Mosque of al-Zahir Baybars", "paragraph_text": "The Mosque of al-Zahir Baybars is a mosque built in Cairo, Egypt by the Mamluk Sultan al-Zahir Baybars al-Bunduqdari (r. 1260-1277).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Islamic Cultural Center of New York", "paragraph_text": "The Islamic Cultural Center of New York is a mosque and Islamic cultural center in East Harlem, Manhattan, New York City, United States. It is located at 1711 Third Avenue, between East 96th and 97th Streets. The Islamic Cultural Center was the first mosque built in New York City. The mosque's older dwelling in a townhouse at 1 Riverside Drive, is still in continual prayer use as a satellite location.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "John II Orsini", "paragraph_text": "John II Orsini, also John Komnenos Doukas or Comnenus Ducas (Greek: Ἰωάννης Κομνηνός Δούκας, \"Iōannēs Komnēnos Doukas\", Italian: Giovanni II Orsini), was count palatine of Cephalonia from 1323 to 1324 and Despot of Epirus from 1323 to 1335.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Mosaic", "paragraph_text": "The most important early Islamic mosaic work is the decoration of the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus, then capital of the Arab Caliphate. The mosque was built between 706 and 715. The caliph obtained 200 skilled workers from the Byzantine Emperor to decorate the building. This is evidenced by the partly Byzantine style of the decoration. The mosaics of the inner courtyard depict Paradise with beautiful trees, flowers and small hill towns and villages in the background. The mosaics include no human figures, which makes them different from the otherwise similar contemporary Byzantine works. The biggest continuous section survives under the western arcade of the courtyard, called the \"Barada Panel\" after the river Barada. It is thought that the mosque used to have the largest gold mosaic in the world, at over 4 m2. In 1893 a fire damaged the mosque extensively, and many mosaics were lost, although some have been restored since.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Tengku Tengah Zaharah Mosque", "paragraph_text": "The Tengku Tengah Zaharah Mosque or the Floating Mosque is the first real floating mosque in Malaysia. It is situated in Kuala Ibai Lagoon near the estuary of Kuala Ibai River, 4 km from Kuala Terengganu Town. Construction began in 1993 and finished in 1995. The mosque was officially opened in July 1995 by Almarhum Sultan Mahmud Al-Muktafi Billah Shah, the late Sultan of Terengganu. The mosque combines modern and Moorish architecture; incorporating the use of marble, ceramics, mosaic works and bomanite paving. The white structure of the mosque covers an area of roughly 5 acres and can accommodate up to 2000 attendees at a time.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Jama Masjid, Delhi", "paragraph_text": "Mughal emperor Shah Jahan built the Jama Masjid between 1644 and 1656. It was constructed by more than 5000 workers. It was originally called Masjid - i - Jahan - Numa, meaning 'mosque commanding view of the world'. The construction was done under the supervision of Saadullah Khan, wazir (or prime minister) during Shah Jahan's rule. The cost of the construction at the time was one million Rupees. Shah Jahan also built the Taj Mahal, at Agra and the Red Fort in New Delhi, which stands opposite the Jama Masjid. The Jama Masjid was completed in 1656 AD (1066 AH). The mosque was inaugurated by an Imam Bukhari, a mullah from Bukhara, Uzbekistan, on 23 July 1656, on the invitation from Shah Jahan. About 25,000 people can pray in the courtyard at a time and it is sometimes regarded as India's largest mosque. The mosque is commonly called ``Jama ''which means Friday.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Franciotto Orsini", "paragraph_text": "A member of the Orsini family, Franciotto Orsini was born in Rome in 1473, the son of Orso Orsini di Monteredondo and Costanza Savelli.Biography from the Biographical Dictionary of the Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church He was a nephew of Pope Leo X on his father's side. Orsini was educated in Florence by Lorenzo de' Medici.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Kocatepe Mosque", "paragraph_text": "The Kocatepe Mosque () is the largest mosque in Ankara, the capital of Turkey. It was built between 1967 and 1987 in the Kocatepe quarter in Kızılay, and its size and prominent situation have made it a landmark that can be seen from almost anywhere in central Ankara.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 16759, "question": "Where was Orsini from?", "answer": "Britain", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 74989, "question": "when was the first mosque built in #1", "answer": "1889", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Battle of Rugao", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Rugao (如皋战斗) was a battle fought between the nationalists and communists for the control of town of Rugao in Jiangsu province during the Chinese Civil War in the immediate post-World War II era, and resulted in the communist victory.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "VMF-511", "paragraph_text": "Marine Fighting Squadron 511 (VMF-511) was a fighter squadron of the Marine Corps and Marine Forces Reserve during World War II and the Cold War which flew aircraft types such as the F6F Hellcat, F4U Corsair, and the F-8 Crusader. They were originally activated during World War II and fought during the Battle of Okinawa and the Battle of Balikpapan (1945). They specialized in close air support and during the course of the war were credited with only one plane shot down.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Manila, Open City", "paragraph_text": "Manila, Open City is a 1968 war film about the Battle of Manila in World War II. The film was screened upon the launching of the National Film Archive of the Philippines in December 2011.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Battle of Rugao–Huangqiao", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Rugao-Huangqiao (Ru Huang Zhangdou, 如黄战斗) was a battle fought between the communists and the nationalists during the Chinese Civil War in the post World War II era and resulted in communist victory. The battle was a one seven major battles in Central Jiangsu Campaign.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Battle of Vimy Ridge", "paragraph_text": "Battle of Vimy Ridge Part of the Battle of Arras along the Western Front of the First World War The Battle of Vimy Ridge, a painting by Richard Jack. Canadian War Museum Date 9 -- 12 April 1917 Location Vimy, Pas - de-Calais, France 50 ° 22 ′ 44 ''N 2 ° 46 ′ 26'' E  /  50.379 ° N 2.774 ° E  / 50.379; 2.774 Coordinates: 50 ° 22 ′ 44 ''N 2 ° 46 ′ 26'' E  /  50.379 ° N 2.774 ° E  / 50.379; 2.774 Result Entente victory Belligerents Canada United Kingdom German Empire Commanders and leaders Julian Byng Ludwig von Falkenhausen Karl von Fasbender Georg Karl Wichura Strength 4 Canadian divisions and 1 British division totalling 170,000 men 3 divisions totalling 30,000 -- 45,000 men Casualties and losses 3,598 dead, 7,004 wounded unknown dead or wounded, 4,000 captured", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Battle of Nietjärvi", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Nietjärvi (15–17 July 1944) was part of the Continuation War between Finland and the Soviet Union, which occurred during World War II. The battle ended in a Finnish victory.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Ivan Alexeyevich Polyakov", "paragraph_text": "Ivan Alexeyevich Polyakov (1886-1969) was a Cossack military leader who fought in World War I (on the Russian side), and in World War II (on the German side).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "End of World War II in Europe", "paragraph_text": "The final battles of the European Theatre of World War II as well as the German surrender to the Allies took place in late April and early May 1945.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Jakob Kaiser", "paragraph_text": "Jakob Kaiser (8 February 1888 – 7 May 1961) was a German politician and resistance leader during World War II.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Convoy HX 228", "paragraph_text": "HX 228 was a North Atlantic convoy of the HX series which ran during the Battle of the Atlantic in World War II. It was one of a series of four convoy battles that occurred during the crisis month of March 1943 and is notable for the loss of the Escort Group leader Commander AA \"Harry\" Tait.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Edward Gribben", "paragraph_text": "Edward Gribben was a World War I flying ace credited with five aerial victories. He became a lieutenant-colonel in the Territorial Army between the wars, returning to the RAF in World War II, and rising to the rank of squadron leader.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Battle of Iwo Jima", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Iwo Jima (19 February -- 26 March 1945) was a major battle in which the United States Marine Corps landed on and eventually captured the island of Iwo Jima from the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) during World War II. The American invasion, designated Operation Detachment, had the goal of capturing the entire island, including the three Japanese - controlled airfields (including the South Field and the Central Field), to provide a staging area for attacks on the Japanese main islands. This five - week battle comprised some of the fiercest and bloodiest fighting of the Pacific War of World War II.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Tajemnica Westerplatte", "paragraph_text": "1939 Battle of Westerplatte, originally titled in Poland as Tajemnica Westerplatte (\"The Secret of Westerplatte\"), is a 2013 Polish-Lithuanian war film written and directed by Paweł Chochlew. It portrays the Battle of Westerplatte between the Polish Army and Nazi German forces at the start of World War II in 1939. The film focuses on the conflict between Westerplatte commander Henryk Sucharski (Michał Żebrowski) and his deputy Franciszek Dąbrowski (Robert Żołędziewski).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Battle of Iwo Jima", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Iwo Jima (19 February – 26 March 1945) was a major battle in which the United States Marine Corps and Navy landed on and eventually captured the island of Iwo Jima from the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) during World War II. The American invasion, designated Operation Detachment, had the goal of capturing the entire island, including the three Japanese-controlled airfields (including the South Field and the Central Field), to provide a staging area for attacks on the Japanese main islands. This five-week battle comprised some of the fiercest and bloodiest fighting of the Pacific War of World War II.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Battle of Bukit Timah", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Bukit Timah (10–12 February 1942), was part of the final stage of the Empire of Japan's invasion of Singapore during World War II.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Second Battle of Rivas", "paragraph_text": "The Second Battle of Rivas occurred on 11 April 1856 between Costa Rican militia under General Mora and the Nicaraguan forces of William Walker. The lesser known First Battle of Rivas took place on the 29 June 1855 between Walker's forces and the forces of the Chamorro government of Nicaragua.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "SS Red Oak Victory", "paragraph_text": "SS \"Red Oak Victory\" is a U.S. military Victory ship of the used in the Second World War. She was preserved to serve as a museum ship in Richmond, California, and is part of the Rosie the Riveter/World War II Home Front National Historical Park. She was one of 534 Victories built during World War II, but one of only a few of these ships to be transferred from the Merchant Marine to the United States Navy. She was named after Red Oak, Iowa, which suffered a disproportionate number of casualties in early World War II battles. (Montgomery County ranked third among Iowa counties in World War II casualties per capita). The ship was active during World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Kurt Blome", "paragraph_text": "Kurt Blome (31 January 1894, Bielefeld, Westphalia – 10 October 1969) was a high-ranking Nazi scientist before and during World War II. He was the Deputy Reich Health Leader (Reichsgesundheitsführer) and Plenipotentiary for Cancer Research in the Reich Research Council. In his autobiography \"Arzt im Kampf\" (\"A Physician's Struggle\"), he equated medical and military power in their battle for life and death.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Battle of Iwo Jima", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Iwo Jima (19 February -- 26 March 1945) was a major battle in which the United States Marine Corps landed on and eventually captured the island of Iwo Jima from the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II. The American invasion, designated Operation Detachment, had the goal of capturing the entire island, including the three Japanese - controlled airfields (including the South Field and the Central Field), to provide a staging area for attacks on the Japanese main islands. This five - week battle comprised some of the fiercest and bloodiest fighting of the Pacific War of World War II.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Battle of Vimy Ridge", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Vimy Ridge was part of the Battle of Arras, in the Nord - Pas - de-Calais region of France, during the First World War. The main combatants were the four divisions of the Canadian Corps in the First Army, against three divisions of the German 6th Army. The battle took place from 9 to 12 April 1917 at the beginning of the Battle of Arras, the first attack of the Nivelle Offensive, which was intended to attract German reserves from the French, before their attempt at a decisive offensive on the Aisne and the Chemin des Dames ridge further south.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 9497, "question": "Where was the battle at Riva Ridge?", "answer": "Italy", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 4659, "question": "Who was the leader of #1 when World War II started?", "answer": "Mussolini", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Center, Missouri", "paragraph_text": "Center is a city in Ralls County, Missouri, United States. The population was 508 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Hannibal Micropolitan Statistical Area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Load (album)", "paragraph_text": "\"Load\" debuted and spent four consecutive weeks at number one on the US \"Billboard\" 200 chart. \"Load\" sold 680,000 units in its first week, making it the biggest opening week for Metallica as well as the biggest debut of 1996. It was certified 5× platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for shipping five million copies in the United States. Four singles—\"Until It Sleeps\", \"Hero of the Day\", \"Mama Said\", and \"King Nothing\"—were released as part of the marketing campaign for the album.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Horizon City, Texas", "paragraph_text": "Horizon City is a city in El Paso County, Texas, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the population was 16,735, reflecting an increase of 11,502 from the 5,233 counted in the 2000 Census. As of July 1, 2017, the population estimate for the city from the U.S. Census was 19,562. It is part of the El Paso Metropolitan Statistical Area and is situated to the immediate east of the city of El Paso.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Mounds View, Minnesota", "paragraph_text": "Mounds View is a city in Ramsey County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 12,155 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Twin Cities Metropolitan Area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "New York City", "paragraph_text": "New York City is situated in the Northeastern United States, in southeastern New York State, approximately halfway between Washington, D.C. and Boston. The location at the mouth of the Hudson River, which feeds into a naturally sheltered harbor and then into the Atlantic Ocean, has helped the city grow in significance as a trading port. Most of New York City is built on the three islands of Long Island, Manhattan, and Staten Island.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 5, "title": "List of United States cities by population", "paragraph_text": "New York New York 8,537,673 8,175,133 7000443466791304800 ♠ + 4.43% 301.5 sq mi 780.9 km 28,317 / sq mi 10,933 / km 40 ° 39 ′ 49 ''N 73 ° 56 ′ 19'' W  /  40.6635 ° N 73.9387 ° W  / 40.6635; - 73.9387  (1 New York City)", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Portage, Wisconsin", "paragraph_text": "Portage is a city in and the county seat of Columbia County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 10,662 at the 2010 census making it the largest city in Columbia County. The city is part of the Madison Metropolitan Statistical Area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Plain City, Utah", "paragraph_text": "Plain City is a city in Weber County, Utah, United States. The population was 5,476 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Ogden–Clearfield, Utah Metropolitan Statistical Area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Martindale, Texas", "paragraph_text": "Martindale is a city in Caldwell County, Texas, United States. It is part of the Austin metropolitan area. The population was 1,116 at the 2010 census.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Wolfforth, Texas", "paragraph_text": "Wolfforth ( ) is a city in Lubbock County, Texas, United States. The population was 3,670 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Lubbock Metropolitan Statistical Area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Queen City, Missouri", "paragraph_text": "Queen City is a city in Schuyler County, Missouri, United States. The population was 598 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Kirksville Micropolitan Statistical Area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Smithland, Iowa", "paragraph_text": "Smithland is a city in Woodbury County, Iowa, United States. It is part of the Sioux City, IA–NE–SD Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 224 at the 2010 census.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Kaysville, Utah", "paragraph_text": "Kaysville is a city in Davis County, Utah, United States. It is part of the Ogden–Clearfield, Utah Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 27,300 at the 2010 census, with an estimated population of 29,494 in 2014.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Orange City, Florida", "paragraph_text": "Orange City is a city in Volusia County, Florida, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the city had a population of 10,599. It is a part of the Deltona–Daytona Beach–Ormond Beach metropolitan area, which was home to 590,289 people in 2010.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Woodway, Texas", "paragraph_text": "Woodway is a city in McLennan County, Texas, United States. The population was 8,861 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Waco Metropolitan Statistical Area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Alcester, South Dakota", "paragraph_text": "Alcester is a city in Union County, South Dakota, United States. It is part of the Sioux City, IA–NE–SD Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 807 at the 2010 census.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Mission Woods, Kansas", "paragraph_text": "Mission Woods is a city in Johnson County, Kansas, United States, and part of the Kansas City Metropolitan Area. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 178.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Backus, Minnesota", "paragraph_text": "Backus is a city in Cass County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 250 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Brainerd Micropolitan Statistical Area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Stockton, Iowa", "paragraph_text": "Stockton is a city in Muscatine County, Iowa, United States. The population was 197 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Muscatine Micropolitan Statistical Area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Heyburn, Idaho", "paragraph_text": "Heyburn is a city in Minidoka County, Idaho, United States. The population was 3,089 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Burley micropolitan area.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 61028, "question": "what city has the biggest population in the united states", "answer": "New York", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 }, { "id": 67482, "question": "what part of the us is #1 in", "answer": "Northeastern United States", "paragraph_support_idx": 4 } ]

[ "Northeast", "The Northeast", "The Northeastern United States" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Gibbs Point", "paragraph_text": "Gibbs Point, a rock point on the Antarctic Peninsula, the most northern area of the continent of Antarctica, was named for African American Antarctic explorer, George W. Gibbs, Jr. on September 2, 2009. On that date, the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (U.S. Board on Geographic Names) confirmed the place name in Antarctica for Gibbs as the first black explorer to set foot on the continent. Gibbs Point is a rock point forming the northwest entrance to Gaul Cove, on the northeast of Horseshoe Island, Marguerite Bay, Antarctic Peninsula.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Nguyễn Tiến Minh", "paragraph_text": "Nguyễn Tiến Minh (born February 12, 1983) is a badminton player from Vietnam. His best achievement to date is a bronze medal at the World Championship in 2013.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Vũ Văn Mẫu", "paragraph_text": "Vũ Văn Mẫu (25 July 1914 – 20 August 1998) was the last Prime Minister of South Vietnam and served under President Dương Văn Minh leadership.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Trần Văn Bảy", "paragraph_text": "Trần Văn Bảy was a Private First Class of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam who was awarded the Navy Cross for actions on February 19, 1967 during the Vietnam War. Bảy was one of only two South Vietnamese, and the only South Vietnamese Army member, to receive the Navy Cross during the Vietnam War (the other being Nguyễn Văn Kiệt).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "International Beer Day", "paragraph_text": "International Beer Day (IBD) is a celebration on the first Friday of every August founded in 2007 in Santa Cruz, California by Jesse Avshalomov. Since its inception, International Beer Day has grown from a small localized event in the western United States into a worldwide celebration spanning 207 cities, 80 countries and 6 continents. Specifically, International Beer Day has three declared purposes:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Nguyễn Văn Vy", "paragraph_text": "Nguyễn Văn Vy (16 January 1916 – 1981) was a Vietnamese soldier who rose to the rank of lieutenant general in the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Văn Tiến Dũng", "paragraph_text": "Văn Tiến Dũng (; 2 May 1917 – 17 March 2002), born Co Nhue commune, Từ Liêm District, Hanoi, was a Vietnamese general in the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN), PAVN chief of staff (1954–74); PAVN commander in chief (1974–80); member of the Central Military–Party Committee (CMPC) (1984-1986) and Socialist Republic of Vietnam defense minister (1980–86).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Văn Cao", "paragraph_text": "Văn Cao (born Nguyễn Văn Cao, ; 15 November 1923 – 10 July 1995) was a Vietnamese composer whose works include \"Tiến Quân Ca\", which became the national anthem of Vietnam. He, along with Phạm Duy and Trịnh Công Sơn, is widely considered one of the three most salient figures of modern (non-classical) Vietnamese music. He was also a noted poet and a painter.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Lê Văn Kim", "paragraph_text": "Lieutenant General Lê Văn Kim (1918 – 28 March 1987) is a former general of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam. He was the brother in law of General Trần Văn Đôn and together with General Dương Văn Minh, the trio organised the 1963 South Vietnamese coup which toppled President Ngô Đình Diệm and ended in the assassinations of Diệm and his brother, Ngô Đình Nhu.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Hanoi", "paragraph_text": "Hanoi has experienced a rapid construction boom recently. Skyscrapers, popping up in new urban areas, have dramatically changed the cityscape and have formed a modern skyline outside the old city. In 2015, Hanoi is ranked # 39 by Emporis in the list of world cities with most skyscrapers over 100 m; its two tallest buildings are Hanoi Landmark 72 Tower (336 m, second tallest in Vietnam after Ho Chi Minh City's Landmark 81 and third tallest in south-east Asia after Malaysia's Petronas Twin Towers) and Hanoi Lotte Center (272 m, also, third tallest in Vietnam).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Dương Văn Nhựt", "paragraph_text": "Dương Văn Nhựt (Mỹ Tho, born c.1920) was a in the North Vietnamese army during the Vietnam War. He was also brother of Dương Văn Minh, the last president of South Vietnam.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Nguyễn Văn Kiệt", "paragraph_text": "Nguyễn Văn Kiệt (born March 23, 1945 near Saigon) was a Petty Officer Third Class in the Republic of Vietnam Navy, one of only two South Vietnamese and the only South Vietnamese Navy member, to be awarded the Navy Cross for actions during the Vietnam War. (The other recipient was ARVN PFC Trần Văn Bảy.)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Biblioteca Ayacucho", "paragraph_text": "The Biblioteca Ayacucho (\"Ayacucho Library\") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the \"Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho\". Its name, \"Ayacucho\", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay", "paragraph_text": "Vietnam: The event was held in Ho Chi Minh City on April 29. Some 60 torchbearers carried the torch from the downtown Opera House to the Military Zone 7 Competition Hall stadium near Tan Son Nhat International Airport along an undisclosed route. Vietnam is involved in a territorial dispute with China (and other countries) for sovereignty of the Spratly and Paracel Islands; tensions have risen recently[when?] following reports that the Chinese government had established a county-level city named Sansha in the disputed territories, resulting in anti-Chinese demonstrations in December 2007 in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City. However to sustain its relationship with China the Vietnamese government has actively sought to head off protests during the torch relay, with Prime Minister Nguyễn Tấn Dũng warning government agencies that \"hostile forces\" may try to disrupt the torch relay.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Nguyễn Tiến Trung", "paragraph_text": "Nguyễn Tiến Trung (born 1983 in Hung Ha district, Thai Binh province) is a pro-democracy activist in Vietnam. As the leader of the Assembly of Vietnamese Youth for Democracy Trung has been one of the outspoken political dissidents in Vietnam. He was arrested on July 7, 2009 by the public security of Vietnam as alleged for \"\"plotting to overthrow the government of Vietnam\"\", the accusation was persistently rejected domestically and internationally by some of Vietnam analysts such as Pham Hong Son and Carl Thayer.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Kon Ka Kinh National Park", "paragraph_text": "Kon Ka Kinh National Park () is a national park of Vietnam, established by the decision (167/2002/QĐ-TTg) on November 25, 2002 of the then Prime Minister, Phan Văn Khải.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Trần Văn Minh", "paragraph_text": "Lieutenant General Sylvain Trần Văn Minh (born 19 August 1923, Saigon, French Indochina – died 31 May 2009, Nice, France) was a Vietnamese diplomat and a general of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Northeast (Vietnam)", "paragraph_text": "The northern part junction with Vietnam-China border are the plateau (highland) turns from west to east are: Bắc Hà, Quản Bạ, Đồng Văn. Two first plateau has an average elevation of 1000-1200m. Đồng Văn Plateau is 1600m. River and stream flowing through the plateau created a long and deep canyons. There are also some small plain, which is Thất Khê, Lạng Sơn, Lộc Bình, Cao Bằng.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Việt Yên District", "paragraph_text": "Việt Yên is a rural district of Bắc Giang Province in the Northeast region of Vietnam. Việt Yên borders on the south with Bắc Ninh Province; on the west with Hiệp Hòa District; on the east with Yên Dũng District; and on the north with Tân Yên District and Bắc Giang City.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Phạm Hùng Dũng", "paragraph_text": "Phạm Hùng Dũng (born 28 September 1978 in Đà Nẵng, Vietnam) is a retired Vietnamese football player. He was called up in the national team in 2002 and had participated in the AFC Asian Cup in 2007. He played for SHB Đà Nẵng and The Vissai Ninh Bình.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 144868, "question": "What is the name of the city Văn Tiến Dũng was born in?", "answer": "Hanoi", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 }, { "id": 99691, "question": "What continent is #1 found on?", "answer": "Asia", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Cafunfo", "paragraph_text": "Cafunfo is a village in North-Eastern Angola (Lunda Norte Province) dominated by the informal and formal diamond mining industries. The area has numerous alluvial diamond deposits.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Salmita Mine", "paragraph_text": "The Salmita Mine was a gold producer in the Northwest Territories, Canada during 1983 to 1987. The deposit was first discovered in 1945 and underground exploration was carried out in 1951-1952. It was reactivated for exploration by Giant Yellowknife Mines Limited in 1975 and entered production in 1983. They used the old camp and milling plant of the abandoned Tundra Mine, located a few kilometres to the south. The mine produced 179,906 troy ounces (5596 kg) of gold from the milling of 238,177 tons of ore.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Rice production in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Rice production is important to the economy of the United States. Of the country's row crop farms, rice farms are the most capital - intensive, and have the highest national land rental rate average. In the US, all rice acreage requires irrigation. In 2000 - 09 approximately 3.1 million acres in the US were under rice production, while an increase is expected in the next decade to approximately 3.3 million acres. US Rice represents rice producers in the six largest rice - producing states of Arkansas (The nations's number one rice producer.), California, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Texas.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 3, "title": "George Albu", "paragraph_text": "Sir George Albu, 1st Baronet (26 October 1857 – 27 December 1935) was a mining magnate in the diamond and gold industries of South Africa.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Diamond mining in India", "paragraph_text": "India's unique status as a producer of diamonds continued to fascinate Europeans. Marco Polo traveled along the coast of India in 1292, and recorded tales he heard about diamonds being found in deep mountain valleys made nearly inaccessible by heat, lack of water, and venomous snakes. The French traveler Jean Baptiste Tavernier visited the Krishna River diggings in 1665, and estimated that about 60,000 people were mining diamonds.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Kimberley, Northern Cape", "paragraph_text": "Kimberley is the capital and largest city of the Northern Cape Province of South Africa. It is located approximately 110 km east of the confluence of the Vaal and Orange Rivers. The city has considerable historical significance due to its diamond mining past and the siege during the Second Boer War. British businessmen Cecil Rhodes and Barney Barnato made their fortunes in Kimberley, and the roots of the De Beers company can also be traced to the early days of the mining town.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Turquoise", "paragraph_text": "The Southwest United States is a significant source of turquoise; Arizona, California (San Bernardino, Imperial, Inyo counties), Colorado (Conejos, El Paso, Lake, Saguache counties), New Mexico (Eddy, Grant, Otero, Santa Fe counties) and Nevada (Clark, Elko, Esmeralda County, Eureka, Lander, Mineral County and Nye counties) are (or were) especially rich. The deposits of California and New Mexico were mined by pre-Columbian Native Americans using stone tools, some local and some from as far away as central Mexico. Cerrillos, New Mexico is thought to be the location of the oldest mines; prior to the 1920s, the state was the country's largest producer; it is more or less exhausted today. Only one mine in California, located at Apache Canyon, operates at a commercial capacity today.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Diamondville, California", "paragraph_text": "Diamondville (also, Rich Bar and Goatville) is a former settlement in Butte County, California, United States. It was located west of Paradise. The town was named for James Diamond. In the 1870s, Diamondville was on the stage coach route to Chico, distant; fares averaged 10 cents per mile. Cretaceous fossils were reported to be found from Butte Creek below Diamondville. In an 1884 report published by the United States government on the production of precious metals in the United States, Diamondville was described as \"an old mining town . . . occupied by one or two ranchers and only mined by Chinese.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Campia, Wisconsin", "paragraph_text": "Campia is an unincorporated community in the towns of Rice Lake and Doyle, Barron County, Wisconsin, United States. Campia is located on Wisconsin Highway 48 east-northeast of the city of Rice Lake.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Longfellow Serenade", "paragraph_text": "\"Longfellow Serenade\" is the title of a 1974 song by the American singer-songwriter Neil Diamond. It was written by Diamond, produced by Tom Catalano, and included on Diamond's album \"Serenade\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Rayrock Mine", "paragraph_text": "The Rayrock Mine was a uranium producing venture in the Northwest Territories, Canada. It is located on the south side of Maryleer Lake and the north shore of Fault Lake, 169 kilometers northwest of Yellowknife and 74 kilometres northwest of Rae. Radioactive deposits were originally staked in 1948 and then restaked in 1950. American Yellowknife Mines Limited explored the site with detailed Geiger surveys and extensive trenching in the early 1950s. In 1954 exploration work included over of surface diamond drilling, and the company was reorganized as Rayrock Mines Limited.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "M2 mine", "paragraph_text": "The M2 is a United States bounding anti-personnel mine used during World War II. A number of variants of the mine were produced and although the mine is no longer in US service, it can be found in Cyprus, Iran, Iraq, Korea, Laos, Oman, Rwanda, Tunisia and the Western Sahara. Copies of the mine were produced by Belgium (as the PRB M966), Pakistan (P7), Portugal (M/966) and Taiwan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Prynnsberg Estate", "paragraph_text": "Prynnsberg was a manor built between 1881 and 1884 in Clocolan, Free State, South Africa by Charles Newberry (1841–1922) who immigrated to South Africa in 1864 as a carpenter to join his older brother John, mining in Greytown and eventually gained enough holdings in the Kimberly diamond mining industry to stop actively mining and build his mansion. Charles's daughter was Winifred Brunton.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Crater of Diamonds State Park", "paragraph_text": "Crater of Diamonds State Park is a 911 - acre (369 ha) Arkansas state park in Pike County, Arkansas, in the United States. The park features a 37.5 - acre (15.2 ha) plowed field, the world's only diamond - bearing site accessible to the public. Diamonds have continuously been discovered in the field since 1906, including the Strawn - Wagner Diamond. The site became a state park in 1972 after the Arkansas Department of Parks and Tourism purchased the site from the Arkansas Diamond Company and Ozark Diamond Mines Corporation, who had operated the site as a tourist attraction previously.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Catoca diamond mine", "paragraph_text": "The Catoca diamond mine is the fourth largest diamond mine in the world, and is located in Angola. The mine is owned by a consortium of international mining interests, including Endiama (the state mining company of Angola) (32.8% ownership), Alrosa of Russia (32.8%), Odebrecht of Brazil (16.4%), and the Diamond Finance CY BV Group (16.8%). The mine is located on a kimberlite pipe.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Namibia", "paragraph_text": "Providing 25% of Namibia's revenue, mining is the single most important contributor to the economy. Namibia is the fourth largest exporter of non-fuel minerals in Africa and the world's fourth largest producer of uranium. There has been significant investment in uranium mining and Namibia is set to become the largest exporter of uranium by 2015. Rich alluvial diamond deposits make Namibia a primary source for gem-quality diamonds. While Namibia is known predominantly for its gem diamond and uranium deposits, a number of other minerals are extracted industrially such as lead, tungsten, gold, tin, fluorspar, manganese, marble, copper and zinc. There are offshore gas deposits in the Atlantic Ocean that are planned to be extracted in the future. According to \"The Diamond Investigation\", a book about the global diamond market, from 1978, De Beers, the largest diamond company, bought most of the Namibian diamonds, and would continue to do so, because \"whatever government eventually comes to power they will need this revenue to survive\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Diamond Head Theatre", "paragraph_text": "The Diamond Head Theatre is a cultural institution in the United States. Calling itself the \"Broadway of the Pacific\", it is located on the slopes of Diamond Head in Honolulu, Hawaii. Opened in 1915, it is Hawaii's oldest performing arts center.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Kostolac coal mine", "paragraph_text": "The Kostolac Coal Mine is a coal mine in Serbia. The mine is located in Kostolac in Braničevo District. The mine has coal reserves amounting to 809 million tonnes of lignite, one of the largest lignite reserves in Europe, and it produces 5.7 million tonnes of coal per year.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Kiruna Mine", "paragraph_text": "The Kiruna mine is the largest and most modern underground iron ore mine in the world. The mine is located in Kiruna in Norrbotten County, Lapland, Sweden. The mine which is owned by Luossavaara-Kiirunavaara AB (LKAB), a large Swedish mining company, has an annual production capacity of over 26 million tonnes of iron ore. In 2008 the mine produced 27.5 million tonnes of iron ore. The Kiruna mine has an ore body which is long, to thick and reaching a depth of up to . Since mining began at the site in 1898, the mine has produced over 950 million tonnes of ore.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Blood diamond", "paragraph_text": "From 1989 to 2003, Liberia was engaged in a civil war. In 2000, the UN accused Liberian president Charles G. Taylor of supporting the Revolutionary United Front (RUF) insurgency in neighboring Sierra Leone with weapons and training in exchange for diamonds. In 2001, the United Nations applied sanctions on the Liberian diamond trade. In August 2003, Taylor stepped down as president and, after being exiled to Nigeria, faced trial in The Hague. On July 21, 2006, he pleaded not guilty to crimes against humanity and war crimes, of which he was found guilty in April 2012. On May 30, 2012, he began a 50-year sentence in a high security prison in the United Kingdom.Around the time of the 1998 United States embassy bombings, al-Qaeda allegedly bought gems from Liberia as some of its other financial assets were frozen.Having regained peace, Liberia is attempting to construct a legitimate diamond mining industry. The UN has lifted sanctions and Liberia is now a member of the Kimberley Process.In December 2014 however, Liberian diamonds were reported to be partly produced using child labor according to the U.S. Department of Labor's List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 64618, "question": "what state produces the most rice in the us", "answer": "Arkansas", "paragraph_support_idx": 2 }, { "id": 78183, "question": "where is the diamond mine in #1 located", "answer": "Crater of Diamonds State Park", "paragraph_support_idx": 13 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Vito Corleone", "paragraph_text": "Vito Andolini Corleone is a fictional character in Mario Puzo's novel \"The Godfather\" and in the first two of Francis Ford Coppola's film trilogy. He is portrayed by Marlon Brando in \"The Godfather\" and then, as a young man, by Robert De Niro in \"The Godfather Part II\". He is an orphaned Sicilian immigrant who builds a Mafia empire. Upon his death, Michael, his youngest son, succeeds him as the don of the Corleone crime family.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Mary Corleone", "paragraph_text": "Mary Corleone is a fictional character in The Godfather Part III, portrayed by Sofia Coppola. She is the daughter of Michael Corleone and Kay Adams and sister of Anthony Vito Corleone.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "The Godfather (film series)", "paragraph_text": "The Godfather is an American film series that consists of three crime drama films directed by Francis Ford Coppola inspired by the novel of the same name by Italian American author Mario Puzo. The series follows the trials of the Corleone family, Italian Americans whose patriarch, Vito Corleone, rises to be a major figure in American organized crime. His youngest son, Michael Corleone, becomes his successor. The films were distributed by Paramount Pictures and released in 1972, 1974 and 1990. The series achieved success at the box office, with the films earning over $550 million worldwide. The Godfather, is seen by many as one of the greatest films of all time. The sequel, The Godfather Part II, is viewed by many as the best sequel in cinematic history. The series is heavily awarded, winning 9 out of 29 total Academy Award nominations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "The Godfather Part II", "paragraph_text": "Carmela Corleone dies. At the funeral, Michael appears to forgive Fredo but later orders caporegime Al Neri to assassinate him out on the lake.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "John Cazale", "paragraph_text": "John Holland Cazale (/ kəˈzeɪl /; Italian pronunciation: (kaˈdzaːle); August 12, 1935 -- March 13, 1978) was an American actor. He appeared in five films over a period of six years, all of which were nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture: The Godfather, The Conversation, The Godfather Part II, Dog Day Afternoon, and The Deer Hunter. He appeared in archival footage in The Godfather Part III, also nominated for Best Picture, making him the only actor to have this multi-film distinction. From his start as a theater actor, he became one of Hollywood's premier character actors, starting with his role as the doomed, weak - minded Fredo Corleone opposite longtime friend Al Pacino in Francis Ford Coppola's film The Godfather and its 1974 sequel. Cazale chose to continue acting despite being diagnosed with lung cancer. He died in New York City on March 13, 1978, shortly after completing his role in The Deer Hunter.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Federal lands", "paragraph_text": "The federal government owns about 640 million acres of land in the United States, about 28% of the total land area of 2.27 billion acres. The majority of federal lands (610.1 million acres in 2015) are administered by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), National Park Service (NPS), or U.S. Forest Service (FS). BLM, FWS, and NPS are part of the U.S. Department of the Interior, while the Forest Service is part of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. An additional 11.4 million acres of land (about 2% of all federal land) is owned by the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD). The majority of federal lands are located in Alaska and the Western states.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "The Godfather (film series)", "paragraph_text": "The Godfather was released on March 15, 1972. The feature - length film was directed by Francis Ford Coppola and based upon Mario Puzo's novel of the same name. The plot begins with Don Vito Corleone declining an offer to join in the narcotics business with notorious drug lord Virgil Sollozzo, which leads to an assassination attempt. Meanwhile, Vito's oldest son Sonny takes over the family and Michael strikes back for the assassination attempt by killing Sollozzo and a corrupted police captain, forcing Michael to go to Sicily in hiding. While in Sicily, Michael travels around the country and meets a woman he marries but who is killed in a car bombing. Michael returns to America after the news of his brother Sonny's murder. After returning, Vito turns over the reins of the family to Michael. Michael plans to move the family business to Las Vegas; but before the move, he plots the killing of the heads of the five families on the day of his nephew's baptism. Other subplots include Vito's daughter's abusive marriage, Johnny Fontaine's success in Hollywood and Vito's second son Fredo's role in the family business in Las Vegas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Vincent Corleone", "paragraph_text": "Vincent Santino Corleone (né Mancini) is a fictional character in the 1990 feature film The Godfather Part III, in which he is portrayed by Andy García, who was nominated for an Academy Award for his performance. Vincent is the illegitimate son of Sonny Corleone and his mistress Lucy Mancini. He eventually succeeds his uncle Michael as head of the Corleone family. Retroactive continuity (``retcon '') was employed to create the character's existence for The Godfather Part III, as it is evident from Mario Puzo's original novel that Lucy did not conceive a child with Sonny.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Nevada", "paragraph_text": "State of Nevada Flag Seal Nickname (s): Silver State (official); Sagebrush State; Battle Born State Motto (s): All for Our Country Official language De jure: None De facto: English Demonym Nevadan Capital Carson City Largest city Las Vegas Largest metro Las Vegas -- Paradise, NV MSA (Clark County) Area Ranked 7th Total 110,577 sq mi (286,382 km) Width 322 miles (519 km) Length 492 miles (787 km)% water 0.72 Latitude 35 ° N to 42 ° N Longitude 114 ° 2 ′ W to 120 ° W Population Ranked 34th Total 2,940,058 (2016 est.) Density 26.8 / sq mi (10.3 / km) Ranked 42nd Median household income $52,008 (34th) Elevation Highest point Boundary Peak 13,147 ft (4007.1 m) Mean 5,500 ft (1680 m) Lowest point Colorado River at California border 481 ft (147 m) Before statehood Nevada Territory, Utah Territory, New Mexico Territory Admission to Union October 31, 1864 (36th) Governor Brian Sandoval (R) Lieutenant Governor Mark Hutchison (R) Legislature Nevada Legislature Upper house Senate Lower house Assembly U.S. Senators Dean Heller (R) Catherine Cortez Masto (D) U.S. House delegation 1: Dina Titus (D) 2: Mark Amodei (R) 3: Jacky Rosen (D) 4: Ruben Kihuen (D) (list) Time zones state Pacific: UTC − 8 / − 7 West Wendover Mountain: UTC − 7 / − 6 ISO 3166 US - NV Abbreviations NV, Nev. Website www.nv.gov", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Anthony Corleone", "paragraph_text": "Anthony Vito ``Tony ''Corleone is a fictional character in The Godfather trilogy of films directed by Francis Ford Coppola. He is portrayed by Anthony Gounaris in the first film, James Gounaris in the second, and singer Franc D'Ambrosio in the third. (The character was given the name Anthony because it was thought that the 3 - year - old Gounaris of the first film would respond best if his own name was used.) He is the son of Michael (Al Pacino) and Kay Corleone (Diane Keaton), and the older brother of Mary Corleone (Sofia Coppola). While Anthony was never a major character in the first two films, major events in his life were the backdrop of key parts of the second film, and his relationship with his father is a plot point in the third film. He was not mentioned by name in the novel.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Michael Corleone", "paragraph_text": "The Godfather Part II is set in 1958 and 1959. The Corleone family has relocated to Nevada while Frank Pentangeli runs the family's operations in New York, Clemenza having died a few years before. Although Michael is the most powerful Mafia leader in the nation, he still actively works to remove the Corleone family from crime. His efforts have been largely unsuccessful, however, as his many enemies and growing obsession with revenge keep him tethered to the criminal underworld. Michael plans to finally legitimize the family by negotiating with Hyman Roth, his father's former business partner, over controlling casino operations in Cuba.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Vincent Corleone", "paragraph_text": "Vincent Corleone Andy Garcia portraying Vincent Corleone First appearance The Godfather Part III Portrayed by Andy García Information Nickname (s) Vinnie Aliases Vincenzo Corleone Gender Male Occupation Mobster Title Boss Soldato Family Corleone Relatives Fredo Corleone (paternal uncle, deceased) Michael Corleone (paternal uncle, deceased) Connie Corleone (paternal aunt) Vito Corleone (paternal grandfather, deceased) Carmela Corleone (paternal grandmother, deceased) Father Sonny Corleone Mother Lucy Mancini Half - brothers Frank Corleone Santino Corleone, Jr. Half - sisters Francesca Corleone Kathryn Corleone", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "The Godfather Part II", "paragraph_text": "The Godfather Part II is a 1974 American crime film produced and directed by Francis Ford Coppola from a screenplay co-written with Mario Puzo, starring Al Pacino and Robert De Niro. Partially based on Puzo's 1969 novel The Godfather, the film is both sequel and prequel to The Godfather, presenting parallel dramas: one picks up the 1958 story of Michael Corleone (Pacino), the new Don of the Corleone crime family, protecting the family business in the aftermath of an attempt on his life; the prequel covers the journey of his father, Vito Corleone (De Niro), from his Sicilian childhood to the founding of his family enterprise in New York City.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Carmela Corleone", "paragraph_text": "Carmela Corleone (1897 -- 1959) a fictional character in Mario Puzo's The Godfather, is the wife of Don Vito Corleone. Carmela is portrayed by Italian - American Morgana King in Francis Ford Coppola's film adaptation of the novel, and in The Godfather Part II.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "The Godfather", "paragraph_text": "In 1945, at his daughter Connie's wedding, Vito Corleone hears requests in his role as the Godfather, the Don of a New York crime family. Vito's youngest son, Michael, who was a Marine during World War II, introduces his girlfriend, Kay Adams, to his family at the reception. Johnny Fontane, a famous singer and Vito's godson, seeks Vito's help in securing a movie role; Vito dispatches his consigliere, Tom Hagen, to Los Angeles to persuade studio head Jack Woltz to give Johnny the part. Woltz refuses until he wakes up in bed with the severed head of his prized stallion.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Anthony Corleone", "paragraph_text": "Anthony Vito ``Tony ''Corleone is a fictional character in The Godfather trilogy of films directed by Francis Ford Coppola. He is portrayed by Anthony Gounaris in the first film, James Gounaris in the second, and singer Franc D'Ambrosio in the third. The character was given the name Anthony because it was thought that the three - year - old Gounaris of the first film would respond best if his own name was used. He is the son of Michael (Al Pacino) and Kay Corleone (Diane Keaton), and the older brother of Mary Corleone (Sofia Coppola). While Anthony was never a major character in the first two films, major events in his life were the backdrop of key parts of the second film, and his relationship with his father is a plot point in the third film. He was not mentioned by name in the novel.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Vito Corleone", "paragraph_text": "Vito Andolini Corleone (December 7, 1891 -- July 29, 1955) is a fictional character in Mario Puzo's novel The Godfather and in the first two of Francis Ford Coppola's three Godfather films, in which, in later life, he is portrayed by Marlon Brando in The Godfather and then, as a young man, by Robert De Niro in The Godfather Part II. He is an orphaned Sicilian immigrant who builds an American Mafia empire. Upon his death, Michael, his youngest son, succeeds him as the don of the Corleone crime family.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "The Godfather (novel)", "paragraph_text": "The Godfather is a crime novel written by Italian American author Mario Puzo. Originally published in 1969 by G.P. Putnam's Sons, the novel details the story of a fictional Mafia family based in New York City (and Long Beach, New York), headed by Vito Corleone. The novel covers the years 1945 to 1955, and also provides the back story of Vito Corleone from early childhood to adulthood.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Mary Corleone", "paragraph_text": "Mary Corleone Sofia Coppola portraying Mary Corleone First appearance The Godfather Part II Last appearance The Godfather Part III Created by Mario Puzo Portrayed by Sofia Coppola Information Gender Female Family Corleone family Relatives Michael Corleone (father) Kay Adams - Corleone (mother) Vito Corleone (paternal grandfather; deceased) Anthony Corleone (brother) Sonny Corleone (paternal uncle; deceased) Fredo Corleone (paternal uncle; deceased) Vincent Mancini - Corleone (paternal cousin and lover) Connie Corleone (paternal aunt) Carmela Corleone (paternal grandmother; deceased) Carlo Rizzi (uncle; deceased)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Al Neri", "paragraph_text": "Albert ``Al ''Neri is a fictional character appearing in Mario Puzo's novel The Godfather and Francis Ford Coppola's trilogy of films based on it. In all three motion pictures, he is portrayed by actor Richard Bright. He functions as Michael Corleone's personal enforcer and assassin.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 89464, "question": "where does michael corleone live in godfather 2", "answer": "Nevada", "paragraph_support_idx": 10 }, { "id": 61167, "question": "land contained in the current state of #1 was acquired by the u.s. in", "answer": "October 31, 1864", "paragraph_support_idx": 8 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Skull Island: Reign of Kong", "paragraph_text": "Skull Island: Reign of Kong is a ride at the Islands of Adventure theme park at Universal Orlando in Florida. It began soft openings on June 9, 2016 and officially opened on July 13, 2016.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Wong Shun Leung", "paragraph_text": "Wong Shun Leung (; 8 May 1935 – 28 January 1997) was a Hong Kong martial artist from Hong Kong who studied Wing Chun kung fu under Ip Man (葉問) and was credited with training Bruce Lee. In interviews, Wong claimed to have won at least 60, and perhaps over 100, street fights against martial artists of various styles, though these numbers cannot be independently confirmed. Due to his reputation, his students and admirers referred to him as 'Gong Sau Wong' (講手王 or 'King of Talking Hands'). Wong recorded one instructional film entitled \"Wing Chun: The science of in-fighting\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Steven Spielberg", "paragraph_text": "Drawing from his own experiences in Scouting, Spielberg helped the Boy Scouts of America develop a merit badge in cinematography in order to help promote filmmaking as a marketable skill. The badge was launched at the 1989 National Scout Jamboree, which Spielberg attended, and where he personally counseled many boys in their work on requirements. That same year, 1989, saw the release of Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade. The opening scene shows a teenage Indiana Jones in scout uniform bearing the rank of a Life Scout. Spielberg stated he made Indiana Jones a Boy Scout in honor of his experience in Scouting. For his career accomplishments, service to others, and dedication to a new merit badge Spielberg was awarded the Distinguished Eagle Scout Award.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Aaron Hotchner", "paragraph_text": "Hotch begins the series married to his high school sweetheart Haley (Meredith Monroe). They have a son named Jack (Cade Owens), though they later separated over Hotch's dedication to his job. Meredith Monroe's character Haley was later killed in season five by serial killer George Foyet. Two years after Haley's death, he met triathlon runner Beth Clemmons, and had been in a relationship with her, until season ten when it is revealed he broke things off with her when she was offered a job in Hong Kong.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Por una Cabeza", "paragraph_text": "Por Una Cabeza was featured in a famous tango scene in Martin Brest's Scent of a Woman (1992), in the opening scene of Steve Spielberg's Schindler's List (1993) and in James Cameron's True Lies (1994).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Aimee Chan", "paragraph_text": "Aimee Chan (born 1 April 1981) or Chan Yan-mei (Traditional Chinese: 陳茵媺) is a Canadian born actress based in Hong Kong. She was the winner of Miss Hong Kong 2006 and was offered a TVB contract shortly after.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Technical Education Center Osceola", "paragraph_text": "The Technical Education Center Osceola (TECO) is an institution in unincorporated Osceola County, Florida, United States designed to train individuals for entry-level employment and to improve current job skills for employed students. In August 1999 the \"Professional And Technical High School (PATHS)\" opened on TECO’s Central Florida campus. PATHS allows high school students from all over the Osceola County School District to take advantage of TECO’s technical programs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Kong: The Animated Series", "paragraph_text": "Kong: The Animated Series is an American-Canadian television series for children that follows King Kong, the monster of the 1933 film of the same name. \"Kong\" was created to compete with \"\", and first aired on BKN in 2000. In May 2001, Fox Kids began airing reruns of the first 13 episodes. Then, Jetix began airing reruns on September 9, 2005, in anticipation of the release of Peter Jackson's \"King Kong\". Additionally, two direct-to-DVD movies based on the series were released: \"Kong: King of Atlantis\", where Kong fights to save the mythic island from a vicious snake sorceress, in 2005, and the computer-animated \"Kong: Return to the Jungle\", where hunters capture Kong and other animals from his island for a special zoo, in 2007.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "King's Road (Hong Kong)", "paragraph_text": "King's Road is a major east-west street along the Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong, extending from Tin Hau, where it joins Causeway Road, to Sai Wan Ho, where it joins Shau Kei Wan Road.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Three Rivers Village School", "paragraph_text": "Three Rivers Village School is the first democratic school in Pittsburgh, PA. It operates on the Sudbury school model of democratic education. Three Rivers Village School opened in the Fall of 2013 and accepts students from Kindergarten through twelfth grade. It is a tuition-based private school that offers a sliding scale tuition rate. As of Fall 2014, it enrolls around 25 students.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "The Kings of Hong Kong", "paragraph_text": "The Kings of Hong Kong is the second album by 22-Pistepirkko. It was released in 1987 (see 1987 in music).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "The Home at Hong Kong", "paragraph_text": "The Home at Hong Kong is a 1983 Hong Kong drama film directed by King Hoi Lam and starring Andy Lau.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Edge School", "paragraph_text": "Edge School is a private school located in the Rocky View County, just west of Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Edge School offers training in dance, golf, hockey, soccer, figure skating, basketball, and a flex program for students who would like to pursue a sport other than those currently offered. Edge follows a three-sphere philosophy – academics, athletics and character development of students - which aims to prepare students for either post secondary education or a career in their chosen sport.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "King Kong (2005 film)", "paragraph_text": "King Kong is a 2005 epic monster adventure film co-written, produced, and directed by Peter Jackson. A remake of the 1933 film of the same name, the film stars Naomi Watts, Jack Black, Adrien Brody, and, through motion capture, Andy Serkis as the title character. Set in 1933, King Kong tells the story of an ambitious filmmaker who coerces his cast and hired ship crew to travel to the mysterious Skull Island. There they encounter Kong, a legendary giant gorilla, whom they capture and take to New York City.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "King Kong", "paragraph_text": "King Kong King Kong character King Kong featured in a promotional image from the 1933 film First appearance King Kong (1933) Created by Edgar Wallace Merian C. Cooper Portrayed by Willis O'Brien (1933) (animator) Rick Baker (1976) Peter Elliot (1986) Andy Serkis (2005) Terry Notary (2017) Toby Kebbell (2017) Information Aliases The Eighth Wonder of the World Species Giant Gorilla Family Little Kong (1933) Lady Kong (1986) Baby Kong (1986) Deceased parents (2017)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Baltimore City Community College", "paragraph_text": "Baltimore City Community College (BCCC) is the only community college in the city of Baltimore, Maryland, United States and the only State-sponsored community college in Maryland. It is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education (MSCHE). It was founded in 1947 and has about 5,000 students enrolled in one of its campuses. While BCCC primarily serves the residents and business community of Baltimore, it also offers educational opportunities on all levels to the citizens of Baltimore and the State of Maryland that enables students to obtain good jobs, transfer to four-year colleges, or take short-term training to upgrade their skills or acquire new ones.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Steven Spielberg", "paragraph_text": "In 2011, Spielberg launched Falling Skies, a science fiction television series, on the TNT network. He developed the series with Robert Rodat and is credited as an executive producer. Spielberg is also producing the Fox TV series Terra Nova. Terra Nova begins in the year 2149 when all life on the planet Earth is threatened with extinction resulting in scientists opening a door that allows people to travel back 85 million years to prehistoric times. Spielberg also produced The River, Smash, Under the Dome, Extant and The Whispers, as well as a TV adaptation of Minority Report.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Victor Kan", "paragraph_text": "Victor Kan (簡華捷, Kan Wah Chit; born 1941) is a student of the late Ip Man and began his Wing Chun instruction at the age of 13 years in Hong Kong. He was with Yip Man for 7 years and in that time during which he became known as the 'King of Chi Sao' or 'The Untouchable'. By the late 1950s he assisted Yip Man until he left for Europe in 1961. He teaches in the UK and has been doing so since 1975. He also has branches in Italy, Australia and Hong Kong.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Eniro.se", "paragraph_text": "Eniro.se is a local Swedish search portal offering telephone directory, websearch and maps for Sweden. In addition to this Eniro offers a news aggregator, shopping services, video search, image search and job search. Its biggest competitor is Hitta.se who offer similar services.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Steven Spielberg", "paragraph_text": "Spielberg was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, to an Orthodox Jewish family. His mother, Leah (Adler) Posner (born 1920), was a restaurateur and concert pianist, and his father, Arnold Spielberg (born 1917), was an electrical engineer involved in the development of computers. His paternal grandparents were immigrants from Ukraine who settled in Cincinnati in the first decade of the 1900s. In 1950, his family moved to Haddon Township, New Jersey when his father took a job with RCA. Three years later, the family moved to Phoenix, Arizona.:548 Spielberg attended Hebrew school from 1953 to 1957, in classes taught by Rabbi Albert L. Lewis.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 32014, "question": "What job was SPielberg offered when he was a student?", "answer": "Universal Studios", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 92077, "question": "when did king kong open at #1", "answer": "July 13, 2016", "paragraph_support_idx": 0 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Economy of Greece", "paragraph_text": "Greece is classified as an advanced, high-income economy, and was a founding member of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and of the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC). The country joined what is now the European Union in 1981. In 2001 Greece adopted the euro as its currency, replacing the Greek drachma at an exchange rate of 340.75 drachmae per euro. Greece is a member of the International Monetary Fund and of the World Trade Organization, and ranked 34th on Ernst & Young's Globalization Index 2011.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Estonia", "paragraph_text": "A developed country with an advanced, high-income economy and high living standards, Estonia ranks very high in the Human Development Index, and performs favourably in measurements of economic freedom, civil liberties, education, and press freedom (third in the world in 2012). Estonia has been among the fastest growing economies in the European Union and is a part of the World Trade Organization and the Nordic Investment Bank. Estonia is often described as one of the most internet-focused countries in Europe.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Democratic Republic of the Congo", "paragraph_text": "The Democratic Republic of the Congo is extremely rich in natural resources but has had political instability, a lack of infrastructure, issues with corruption and centuries of both commercial and colonial extraction and exploitation with little holistic development. Besides the capital Kinshasa, the two next largest cities Lubumbashi and Mbuji - Mayi are both mining communities. DR Congo's largest export is raw minerals, with China accepting over 50% of DRC's exports in 2012. In 2016, DR Congo's level of human development was ranked 176th out of 187 countries by the Human Development Index. As of 2018, around 600,000 Congolese have fled to neighbouring countries from conflicts in the centre and east of the DRC. Two million children risk starvation, and the fighting has displaced 4.5 million people.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Berkeley Group Holdings", "paragraph_text": "The Berkeley Group Holdings plc is a British property developer based in Cobham, Surrey. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Race (human categorization)", "paragraph_text": "The population geneticist Sewall Wright developed one way of measuring genetic differences between populations known as the Fixation index, which is often abbreviated to FST. This statistic is often used in taxonomy to compare differences between any two given populations by measuring the genetic differences among and between populations for individual genes, or for many genes simultaneously. It is often stated that the fixation index for humans is about 0.15. This translates to an estimated 85% of the variation measured in the overall human population is found within individuals of the same population, and about 15% of the variation occurs between populations. These estimates imply that any two individuals from different populations are almost as likely to be more similar to each other than either is to a member of their own group. Richard Lewontin, who affirmed these ratios, thus concluded neither \"race\" nor \"subspecies\" were appropriate or useful ways to describe human populations. However, others have noticed that group variation was relatively similar to the variation observed in other mammalian species.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "European Union law", "paragraph_text": "The Social Chapter is a chapter of the 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam covering social policy issues in European Union law. The basis for the Social Chapter was developed in 1989 by the \"social partners\" representatives, namely UNICE, the employers' confederation, the European Trade Union Confederation (ETUC) and CEEP, the European Centre of Public Enterprises. A toned down version was adopted as the Social Charter at the 1989 Strasbourg European Council. The Social Charter declares 30 general principles, including on fair remuneration of employment, health and safety at work, rights of disabled and elderly, the rights of workers, on vocational training and improvements of living conditions. The Social Charter became the basis for European Community legislation on these issues in 40 pieces of legislation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Republic of the Congo", "paragraph_text": "Many Pygmies belong from birth to Bantus in a relationship many refer to as slavery. The Congolese Human Rights Observatory says that the Pygmies are treated as property the same way \"pets\" are. On December 30, 2010, the Congolese parliament adopted a law for the promotion and protection of the rights of indigenous peoples. This law is the first of its kind in Africa, and its adoption is a historic development for indigenous peoples on the continent.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Human Development Index", "paragraph_text": "The origins of the HDI are found in the annual Human Development Reports produced by the Human Development Reports Office of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). These were devised and launched by Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq in 1990, and had the explicit purpose ``to shift the focus of development economics from national income accounting to people - centered policies ''. To produce the Human Development Reports, Mahbub ul Haq formed a group of development economists including Paul Streeten, Frances Stewart, Gustav Ranis, Keith Griffin, Farhan C.M, Sudhir Anand, and Meghnad Desai. Nobel laureate Amartya Sen utilized Haq's work in his own work on human capabilities. Haq believed that a simple composite measure of human development was needed to convince the public, academics, and politicians that they can and should evaluate development not only by economic advances but also improvements in human well - being.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Human Development Index", "paragraph_text": "A new index was released on December 18, 2008. This so-called \"statistical update\" covered the period up to 2006 and was published without an accompanying Human Development Report. The update is relevant due to newly released estimates of purchasing power parities (PPP), implying substantial adjustments for many countries, resulting in changes in HDI values and, in many cases, HDI ranks.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Estonia", "paragraph_text": "Estonia has pursued the development of the e-state and e-government. Internet voting is used in elections in Estonia. The first internet voting took place in the 2005 local elections and the first in a parliamentary election was made available for the 2007 elections, in which 30,275 individuals voted over the internet. Voters have a chance to invalidate their electronic vote in traditional elections, if they wish to. In 2009 in its eighth Worldwide Press Freedom Index, Reporters Without Borders ranked Estonia sixth out of 175 countries. In the first ever State of World Liberty Index report, Estonia was ranked first out of 159 countries.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Canada Employment Insurance Financing Board", "paragraph_text": "The Canada Employment Insurance Financing Board (CEIFB) was a Crown corporation of the Government of Canada, created in 2008, that began its operations in 2010 and was dissolved in 2013. As a parent Crown corporation, under Part X of the Financial Administration Act, CEIFB reported to Parliament through the Minister of Human Resources and Skills Development.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Human Development Index", "paragraph_text": "The 2010 Human Development Report introduced an Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI). While the simple HDI remains useful, it stated that \"the IHDI is the actual level of human development (accounting for inequality),\" and \"the HDI can be viewed as an index of 'potential' human development (or the maximum IHDI that could be achieved if there were no inequality).\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Index Point", "paragraph_text": "Index Point () is a low, ice-covered point that forms the eastern extremity of the Mountaineer Range on the coast of Victoria Land, Antarctica. The feature lies at the terminus of Mariner Glacier, west of Emerging Island. It was so named in 1966 by the New Zealand Antarctic Place-Names Committee because the shape is suggestive of an index finger.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "West Jasper Place, Edmonton (area)", "paragraph_text": "West Jasper Place is a residential area in the west portion of the City of Edmonton in Alberta, Canada. It was established in 1972 through Edmonton City Council's adoption of West Jasper Place Outline Plan, which guides the overall development of the area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Canadian Human Rights Commission", "paragraph_text": "The Canadian Human Rights Commission (CHRC) was established in 1977 by the government of Canada. It is empowered under the \"Canadian Human Rights Act\" to investigate and try to settle complaints of discrimination in employment and in the provision of services within federal jurisdiction. The CHRC is also empowered under the \"Employment Equity Act\" to ensure that federally regulated employers provide equal opportunities for four designated groups: women, Aboriginal people, the disabled and visible minorities. The CHRC helps enforce these human rights and inform the general public and employers of these rights.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Journal of Human Capital", "paragraph_text": "The Journal of Human Capital is a quarterly peer reviewed academic journal published by the University of Chicago Press. It covers theoretical and empirical research on the role of human capital in economics. The editor-in-chief is Isaac Ehrlich (State University of New York at Buffalo). The journal is abstracted and indexed in the Social Sciences Citation Index and Current Contents/Social & Behavioral Sciences.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Elizabeth Mataka", "paragraph_text": "Elizabeth Mataka was the United Nations Special Envoy for HIV/AIDS in Africa, as appointed on May 21, 2007 by UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, replacing Stephen Lewis. She served in this position till 13 July 2012. Mataka is a national of Botswana and a resident of Zambia. She served as the vice-chair of the board of the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Mowgli", "paragraph_text": "Finally, Mowgli stumbles across the village where his adopted human mother (Messua), is now living, which forces him to come to terms with his humanity and decide whether to rejoin his fellow humans in ``The Spring Running ''.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Intellectual property", "paragraph_text": "The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) recognizes that conflicts may exist between the respect for and implementation of current intellectual property systems and other human rights. In 2001 the UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights issued a document called \"Human rights and intellectual property\" that argued that intellectual property tends to be governed by economic goals when it should be viewed primarily as a social product; in order to serve human well-being, intellectual property systems must respect and conform to human rights laws. According to the Committee, when systems fail to do so they risk infringing upon the human right to food and health, and to cultural participation and scientific benefits. In 2004 the General Assembly of WIPO adopted The Geneva Declaration on the Future of the World Intellectual Property Organization which argues that WIPO should \"focus more on the needs of developing countries, and to view IP as one of many tools for development—not as an end in itself\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Wachusett Shirt Company", "paragraph_text": "The Wachusett Shirt Company is an historic industrial complex at 97-106 Water Street in Leominster, Massachusetts, United States. The five-building complex was developed between 1887 and 1910, and was home to one of the city's leading employers until the 1930s. Most of the complex converted into a residential complex known as Riverway Apartments in 1981. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 156539, "question": "What is Elizabeth Mataka's place of employment?", "answer": "United Nations", "paragraph_support_idx": 16 }, { "id": 44615, "question": "when was the human development index adopted by #1", "answer": "1990", "paragraph_support_idx": 7 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Sarir field", "paragraph_text": "The Sarir Field was discovered in southern Cyrenaica during 1961 and is considered to be the largest oil field in Libya, with estimated oil reserves of . Sarir is operated by the Arabian Gulf Oil Company (AGOCO), a subsidiary of the state-owned National Oil Corporation (NOC).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Bonneville International", "paragraph_text": "Bonneville International Corporation is a media and broadcasting company, wholly owned by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) through its for-profit arm, Deseret Management Corporation. It began as a radio and TV network in the Triad Center Broadcast House in Salt Lake City, Utah. Bonneville's name alludes to Benjamin Bonneville and the prehistoric Lake Bonneville that once covered much of modern-day Utah, which was named after him.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Copper", "paragraph_text": "Copper has been in use at least 10,000 years, but more than 95% of all copper ever mined and smelted has been extracted since 1900, and more than half was extracted in only the last 24 years. As with many natural resources, the total amount of copper on Earth is vast (around 1014 tons just in the top kilometer of Earth's crust, or about 5 million years' worth at the current rate of extraction). However, only a tiny fraction of these reserves is economically viable, given present-day prices and technologies. Various estimates of existing copper reserves available for mining vary from 25 years to 60 years, depending on core assumptions such as the growth rate. Recycling is a major source of copper in the modern world. Because of these and other factors, the future of copper production and supply is the subject of much debate, including the concept of peak copper, analogous to peak oil.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "History of India", "paragraph_text": "In 530 BC Cyrus the Great, King of the Persian Achaemenid Empire crossed the Hindu-Kush mountains to seek tribute from the tribes of Kamboja, Gandhara and the trans-India region (modern Afghanistan and Pakistan). By 520 BC, during the reign of Darius I of Persia, much of the northwestern subcontinent (present-day eastern Afghanistan and Pakistan) came under the rule of the Persian Achaemenid Empire, as part of the far easternmost territories. The area remained under Persian control for two centuries. During this time India supplied mercenaries to the Persian army then fighting in Greece.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Ignacy Łukasiewicz", "paragraph_text": "Jan Józef Ignacy Łukasiewicz (Polish pronunciation: [iɡˈnatsɨ wukaˈɕɛvʲitʂ]; 8 March 1822 – 7 January 1882) was a Polish pharmacist, engineer, businessman, inventor, and one of the most prominent philanthropists in the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, crown land of Austria-Hungary. He was a pioneer who in 1856 built the world's first modern oil refinery. His achievements included the discovery of how to distill kerosene from seep oil, the invention of the modern kerosene lamp (1853), the introduction of the first modern street lamp in Europe (1853), and the construction of the world's first modern oil well (1854).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Adolescence", "paragraph_text": "Much research has been conducted on the psychological ramifications of body image on adolescents. Modern day teenagers are exposed to more media on a daily basis than any generation before them. Recent studies have indicated that the average teenager watches roughly 1500 hours of television per year. As such, modern day adolescents are exposed to many representations of ideal, societal beauty. The concept of a person being unhappy with their own image or appearance has been defined as \"body dissatisfaction\". In teenagers, body dissatisfaction is often associated with body mass, low self-esteem, and atypical eating patterns. Scholars continue to debate the effects of media on body dissatisfaction in teens.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Name of Iran", "paragraph_text": "In the Western world, Persia (or one of its cognates) was historically the common name for Iran. On the Nowruz of 1935, Reza Shah Pahlavi asked foreign delegates to use the term Iran, the endonym of the country, in formal correspondence. Since then, in the Western World, the use of the word ``Iran ''has become more common. This also changed the usage of the terms for Iranian nationality, and the common adjective for citizens of Iran changed from`` Persian'' to ``Iranian ''. In 1959, the government of Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi, Reza Shah Pahlavi's son, announced that both`` Persia'' and ``Iran ''could officially be used interchangeably. However the issue is still debated today.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Asphalt", "paragraph_text": "Because of the difficulty of moving crude bitumen through pipelines, non-upgraded bitumen is usually diluted with natural-gas condensate in a form called dilbit or with synthetic crude oil, called synbit. However, to meet international competition, much non-upgraded bitumen is now sold as a blend of multiple grades of bitumen, conventional crude oil, synthetic crude oil, and condensate in a standardized benchmark product such as Western Canadian Select. This sour, heavy crude oil blend is designed to have uniform refining characteristics to compete with internationally marketed heavy oils such as Mexican Mayan or Arabian Dubai Crude.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "History of the taka", "paragraph_text": "The imperial tanka (also called Sultani Tanka) was officially introduced by the monetary reforms of Muhammad bin Tughluq, the emperor of the Delhi Sultanate, in 1329. It was modeled as representative money, a concept pioneered as paper money by the Mongols in China and Persia. The tanka was minted in copper and brass. Its value was exchanged with gold and silver reserves in the imperial treasury. The currency was introduced due to the shortage of metals. Over time, the tanka was minted in silver. However, chaos followed its launch in the 14th century, leading to the collapse of the Tughluq dynasty. The Tughluqs were succeeded by numerous regional states, notably the Bengal Sultanate, the Bahmani Sultanate and the Gujarat Sultanate. These kingdoms continued to mint the new currency in the name of their own rulers. Even much later under the early modern Mughal Empire, regional currencies were still referred to as tanka / tangka / taka.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "History of the oil industry in Saudi Arabia", "paragraph_text": "Saudi Arabian oil was first discovered by the Americans in commercial quantities at Dammam oil well No. 7 in 1938 in what is now modern day Dhahran.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "History of the petroleum industry in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Petroleum became a major industry following the oil discovery at Oil Creek Pennsylvania in 1859. For much of the 19th and 20th centuries, the US was the largest oil producing country in the world. As of October 2015, the US was the world's third - largest producer of crude oil.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Half dollar (United States coin)", "paragraph_text": "Since 2002, half dollars have been minted only for collectors, due to large Federal Reserve and government inventories on hand of pre-2001 pieces; this is mostly due to lack of demand and large quantity returns from casino slot machines that now operate ``coinless ''. Eventually, when the reserve supply runs low, the mint will again fill orders for circulation half dollars. It took about 18 years (1981 -- 1999) for the large inventory stockpile of a similar low - demand circulation coin, the $1 coin, to reach reserve levels low enough to again produce circulation pieces. Modern - date half dollars can be purchased in proof sets, mint sets, rolls, and bags from the U.S. Mint, and existing inventory circulation pieces can be ordered through most U.S. banks. All collector issues since 2001 have had much lower mintages than in previous years. Although intended only for collectors, these post-2001 half dollars sometimes find their way into circulation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Iran", "paragraph_text": "In 1935, Reza Shah requested the international community to refer to the country by its native name, Iran. As the New York Times explained at the time, \"At the suggestion of the Persian Legation in Berlin, the Tehran government, on the Persian New Year, Nowruz, March 21, 1935, substituted Iran for Persia as the official name of the country.\" Opposition to the name change led to the reversal of the decision, and Professor Ehsan Yarshater, editor of Encyclopædia Iranica, propagated a move to use Persia and Iran interchangeably. Today, both Persia and Iran are used in cultural contexts; although, Iran is the name used officially in political contexts.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Subbotinske field", "paragraph_text": "The Subbotinske field is a Ukrainian oil field that was discovered in 2009 and located on the continental shelf of the Black Sea. It will begin production in 2015 and will produce oil and natural gas. The total proven reserves of the Subbotinske field are around , and production will be centered on .", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Bob Kames", "paragraph_text": "Bob Kames (April 21, 1925 – April 9, 2008) was an American musician who specialized in genres such as polka. Kames is credited with developing and popularizing the modern-day version of the song \"Dance Little Bird,\" which is much better known by its more common name, The Chicken Dance. Kames is a member of the Wisconsin Area Music Industry's Hall of Fame.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Oil reserves", "paragraph_text": "Based on data from OPEC at the beginning of 2013 the highest proved oil reserves including non-conventional oil deposits are in Venezuela (20% of global reserves), Saudi Arabia (18% of global reserves), Canada (13% of global reserves), and Iran (9%).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "King's Castle, Wells", "paragraph_text": "King's Castle is an Iron Age enclosed hilltop settlement at the south-western edge of the Mendip Hills near Wells in Somerset, England. Though there are many prehistoric sites in the surrounding area, it remains one of the earliest known settlements in the immediate vicinity of Wells, and may have been a precursor to the present day city. It consists of two or three interlinked sub-enclosures, with what appears to be a field system extending to the east; an unusual layout, the site remains relatively little studied and has not been archaeologically excavated. It is a Scheduled Ancient Monument, and shares its name with the surrounding King's Castle Wood—today a Somerset Wildlife Trust nature reserve—though this name is probably a modern invention.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Barakzai dynasty", "paragraph_text": "The two branches of the Barkazi Dynasty (Translation of Barakzai: sons of Barak) ruled modern day Afghanistan from 1826 to 1973 when the monarchy ended under Musahiban Mohammed Zahir Shah. The Barakzai dynasty was established by Dost Mohammad Khan after the Durrani dynasty of Ahmad Shah Durrani was removed from power. During this era, Afghanistan saw much of its territory lost to the British in the south and east, Persia in the west, and Russia in the north. There were also many conflicts within Afghanistan, including the three major Anglo-Afghan Wars and the 1929 civil war.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "The Derby Day", "paragraph_text": "The Derby Day is a large oil painting showing a panoramic view of The Derby, painted by William Powell Frith over 15 months from 1856 to 1858. It has been described by Christie's as Frith's \"undisputed masterpiece\" and also \"arguably the definitive example of Victorian modern-life genre\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Iran", "paragraph_text": "In 2004, a large share of natural gas reserves in Iran were untapped. The addition of new hydroelectric stations and the streamlining of conventional coal and oil-fired stations increased installed capacity to 33,000 megawatts. Of that amount, about 75% was based on natural gas, 18% on oil, and 7% on hydroelectric power. In 2004, Iran opened its first wind-powered and geothermal plants, and the first solar thermal plant is to come online in 2009. Iran is the third country in the world to have developed GTL technology.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 48210, "question": "what is the name of modern day persia", "answer": "Iran", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 }, { "id": 35301, "question": "How much oil reserves does #1 have?", "answer": "153,600,000,000 barrels", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "United States Secretary of State", "paragraph_text": "Secretary of State of the United States Seal of the Secretary of State Flag of the Secretary of State Incumbent Mike Pompeo since April 26, 2018 Department of State Style Mr. Secretary Member of Cabinet, National Security Council Reports to The President Seat Washington, D.C. Appointer The President with Senate advice and consent Term length Appointed Constituting instrument 22 U.S.C. § 2651 Precursor United States Secretary of Foreign Affairs Formation July 27, 1789; 228 years ago (1789 - 07 - 27) First holder John Jay (acting) Thomas Jefferson Succession Fourth Deputy Deputy Secretary of State Salary $205,700 annually (Executive Schedule I) Website www.state.gov", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Illinois Secretary of State", "paragraph_text": "The Secretary of State of Illinois is one of the six elected executive state offices of the government of Illinois, and one of the 47 secretaries of states in the United States. The Illinois Secretary of State keeps the state records, laws, library, and archives, and is the state's corporation registration, vehicle registration and driver licensing authority. The current Secretary of State is Jesse White, a Democrat who took office in 1999.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Deffenbaugh Site", "paragraph_text": "The Deffenbaugh Site is an archaeological site in southwestern Fayette County, Pennsylvania, United States. Located in Nicholson Township west of the borough of Smithfield, it was once occupied by a village of the Monongahela people.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Pearl, Washington", "paragraph_text": "Pearl is an unincorporated community in Benton County, Washington, United States, located approximately 25 miles southwest of Othello on the Hanford Nuclear Reservation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Shirley, Kings County, California", "paragraph_text": "Shirley (formerly, Harlow) is an unincorporated community in Kings County, California. It is located on the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad north of Hanford, at an elevation of .", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "United States Secretary of State", "paragraph_text": "The Secretary of State is nominated by the President of the United States and, following a confirmation hearing before the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, is confirmed by the United States Senate. The Secretary of State, along with the Secretary of the Treasury, Secretary of Defense, and Attorney General, are generally regarded as the four most important Cabinet members because of the importance in their respective departments. Secretary of State is a Level I position in the Executive Schedule and thus earns the salary prescribed for that level (currently $205,700).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Dravo Gravel Site", "paragraph_text": "The Dravo Gravel Site (33HA377) is an archaeological site located above the Great Miami River in Miami Township, Hamilton County, Ohio, United States. Discovered in the middle of a gravel pit, the site is a leading example of the local manifestation of the Archaic period.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Secretary of State of Washington", "paragraph_text": "Office of the Secretary of State Agency overview Headquarters Olympia, Washington, United States Annual budget $25,260,000 (2017 - 2019 biennium) Agency executive Kim Wyman, Secretary of State Website sos.wa.gov", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Susie, Washington", "paragraph_text": "Susie is an unincorporated community in Benton County, Washington, United States, located approximately 25 miles southwest of Othello on the Hanford Nuclear Reservation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Evy Kirkley Site", "paragraph_text": "Evy Kirkley Site is a historic archaeological site located near McBee, Chesterfield County, South Carolina. The site is a well-preserved, multi-component prehistoric site on the ecologically rich “Fall Line” of the state in the states’ slate belt. The site includes preserved animal bone, shell and macrofossil remains, and distributions of green volcanic slate debitage.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Schicker Mound", "paragraph_text": "Schicker Mound is a Native American archaeological site located near Tallulah, Louisiana, United States. It is located very close to suburban houses.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "United States Secretary of State", "paragraph_text": "Secretary of State of the United States Seal of the Secretary of State Flag of the Secretary of State Incumbent Mike Pompeo since April 26, 2018 Department of State Style Mr. Secretary Member of Cabinet, National Security Council Reports to The President Seat Washington, D.C. Appointer The President with Senate advice and consent Term length Appointed Constituting instrument 22 U.S.C. § 2651 Precursor United States Secretary of Foreign Affairs Formation July 27, 1789; 229 years ago (1789 - 07 - 27) First holder John Jay (acting) Thomas Jefferson Succession Fourth Deputy Deputy Secretary of State Salary $210,700 annually (Executive Schedule I) Website www.state.gov", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Edward R. Hanford", "paragraph_text": "Edward R. Hanford (1845–1890) was a private in the 2nd U.S. Cavalry, Company H, during the American Civil War. Born in Allegany County, New York, in 1845, Hanford captured the battle flag of the 32nd Battalion Virginia Cavalry of the Confederate States of America at the Battle of Tom's Brook, Woodstock, Virginia, on 9 October 1864. The Union charge, led by generals Wesley Merritt and George Armstrong Custer, successfully forced the Confederates to retreat southward of Woodstock. Hanford received the Medal of Honor on 14 October 1864 for capturing the Confederate battle flag during the charge and for demonstrating \"extraordinary heroism\". Hanford died in California in 1890 and was buried in the Mokelumne Hill Protestant Cemetery of Mokelumne Hill, Calaveras County.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Willa, Washington", "paragraph_text": "Willa is an unincorporated community in Benton County, Washington, United States, located approximately 22 miles southwest of Othello on the Hanford Nuclear Reservation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Puʻukoholā Heiau National Historic Site", "paragraph_text": "Puukoholā Heiau National Historic Site is a United States National Historic Site located on the northwestern coast of the island of Hawaii. The site preserves the National Historic Landmark ruins of the last major Ancient Hawaiian temple, and other historic sites.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs", "paragraph_text": "The Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs is the head of the Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs within the United States Department of State. The Assistant Secretary guides operation of the U.S. diplomatic establishment in the countries of the Asia - Pacific region and advises the Secretary of State and the Under Secretary for Political Affairs on matters relating to the area. The last permanent Assistant Secretary was Daniel R. Russel, who left on March 8, 2017. Susan Thornton is now Acting Assistant Secretary.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Avenal, California", "paragraph_text": "Avenal is a city in Kings County, California, United States. Avenal is located southwest of Hanford, at an elevation of . It is part of the Hanford–Corcoran Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA Code 25260), which encompasses all of Kings County. In area, it is the largest city in Kings County. The Zip Code for this community is 93204, and telephone numbers use the sequence (559) 386-XXXX. The population was 15,505 in the 2010 census, which includes inmates at the Avenal State Prison, the first prison actively solicited by a community in the state of California. Many of the remaining residents largely either work at the prison or in the agriculture industry. The prison provides approximately 1,000 jobs to residents. The California Department of Finance estimated that Avenal's population was 13,159 on January 1, 2015. As of that date, Avenal State Prison held 4,165 inmates, which was about 32% of the total population of Avenal. Inmates are counted as city residents by both the United States Census and the California Department of Finance.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Hanford Site", "paragraph_text": "The Hanford Site is a decommissioned nuclear production complex operated by the United States federal government on the Columbia River in Benton County in the U.S. state of Washington. The site has been known by many names, including Hanford Project, Hanford Works, Hanford Engineer Works and Hanford Nuclear Reservation. Established in 1943 as part of the Manhattan Project in Hanford, south-central Washington, the site was home to the B Reactor, the first full-scale plutonium production reactor in the world. Plutonium manufactured at the site was used in the first nuclear bomb, tested at the Trinity site, and in Fat Man, the bomb detonated over Nagasaki, Japan.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Lemoore Station, California", "paragraph_text": "Lemoore Station is a census-designated place (CDP) in Naval Air Station Lemoore, Kings County, California, United States. It is part of the Hanford–Corcoran Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 7,438 as of the 2010 United States Census.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "UCC-1 financing statement", "paragraph_text": "The financing statement is generally filed with the office of the state secretary of state, in the state where the debtor is located - for an individual, the state where the debtor resides, for most kinds of business organizations the state of incorporation or organization. Many states have a state agency that operates under the secretary of state, which is tasked with overseeing business organizations and activities, including receipt of financing statements. However, an exception exists if the collateral is something that is tied to a particular piece of real property, such as timber, mineral rights, or fixtures. In that case, the filing must be made in the county where the property is located, usually in the recording office or county court, because that is where third parties are most likely to search for such record.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 130686, "question": "What state is Hanford Site located?", "answer": "Washington", "paragraph_support_idx": 17 }, { "id": 70941, "question": "who is the secretary of state in #1", "answer": "Kim Wyman", "paragraph_support_idx": 7 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Kenardo Forbes", "paragraph_text": "Kenardo Forbes (born 15 May 1988) is a Jamaican professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for USL Championship club Pittsburgh Riverhounds SC. He is also on the inactive roster for Major Arena Soccer League club Utica City, who he has played for since 2011.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Fish Heads (song)", "paragraph_text": "``Fish Heads ''is a novelty song by comedy rock duo Barnes & Barnes, featured on their 1980 album Voobaha. It has often been played on the Dr. Demento show, and is the most honored song in Demento show history.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Kerr Inlet", "paragraph_text": "Kerr Inlet () is an ice-filled inlet, wide, located at the west side of Cape Kerr in the northern part of Barne Inlet, Antarctica. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names in association with Cape Kerr.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Frank Barnes (politician)", "paragraph_text": "John Francis Barnes also known as Frank Barnes (4 October 1904 – 12 May 1952) was a politician in Queensland, Australia. He was a Member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Minnie Lake Township, Barnes County, North Dakota", "paragraph_text": "Minnie Lake Township is a civil township in Barnes County, North Dakota, USA. As of the 2000 census, its population was 63.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Memory 99", "paragraph_text": "Memory 99 is an outdoor steel sculpture by Lee Kelly, located at the North Park Blocks in downtown Portland, Oregon.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Spring Creek Township, Barnes County, North Dakota", "paragraph_text": "Spring Creek Township is a civil township in Barnes County, North Dakota, USA. As of the 2000 census, its population was 85.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Boulevard Records (U.S.)", "paragraph_text": "Boulevard Records was an American record label. In 1954, it released the hit record \"Runaround\" by The Three Chuckles. It later released novelty records, including several albums by Barnes & Barnes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Sibley Trail Township, Barnes County, North Dakota", "paragraph_text": "Sibley Trail Township is a civil township in Barnes County, North Dakota, USA. As of the 2000 census, its population was 85.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Alonzo Bradley", "paragraph_text": "Alonzo Bradley (born October 16, 1953) is a retired American basketball player. Born in Utica, Mississippi, he played collegiately for Texas Southern University.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Valley Township, Barnes County, North Dakota", "paragraph_text": "Valley Township is a civil township in Barnes County, North Dakota, USA. As of the 2000 census, its population was 565.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "American Idol", "paragraph_text": "The final showdown was between Justin Guarini, one of the early favorites, and Kelly Clarkson. Clarkson was not initially thought of as a contender, but impressed the judges with some good performances in the final rounds, such as her performance of Aretha Franklin's \"Natural Woman\", and Betty Hutton's \"Stuff Like That There\", and eventually won the crown on September 4, 2002.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Svea Township, Barnes County, North Dakota", "paragraph_text": "Svea Township is a civil township in Barnes County, North Dakota, USA. As of the 2000 census, its population was 43.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "The Cohens and the Kellys in Paris", "paragraph_text": "The Cohens and the Kellys in Paris is a 1928 American comedy film directed by William Beaudine. It was the first sequel to \"The Cohens and the Kellys\". The film title is sometimes listed as \"The Cohens and Kellys in Paris\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Raritan Township, Barnes County, North Dakota", "paragraph_text": "Raritan Township is a civil township in Barnes County, North Dakota, USA. As of the 2000 census, its population was 108.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Alta Township, Barnes County, North Dakota", "paragraph_text": "Alta Township is a civil township in Barnes County, North Dakota, USA. As of the 2000 census, its population was 98. The township is named after Alta Ridge, a moraine belt overlooking the Sheyenne River Valley.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Meadow Lake Township, Barnes County, North Dakota", "paragraph_text": "Meadow Lake Township is a civil township in Barnes County, North Dakota, USA. As of the 2000 census, its population was 93. The township is located in Public Land Survey System Township 138N, Range 61W.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Mansfield Township, Barnes County, North Dakota", "paragraph_text": "Mansfield Township is a civil township in Barnes County, North Dakota, USA. As of the 2000 census, its population was 41.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Stone Age in America", "paragraph_text": "Stone Age in America is an 1887 bronze statue by John J. Boyle located in Philadelphia, in Fairmount Park on Kelly Drive near Boathouse Row.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "The Kelly Gang", "paragraph_text": "The Kelly Gang is an Australian feature-length film about the Australian bush ranger, Ned Kelly. The film was released in 1920, and is the second film to be based on the life of Ned Kelly, the first being \"The Story of the Kelly Gang\", released in 1906.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 130750, "question": "What state is Kelly Round Barn located?", "answer": "New York", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 43551, "question": "what is the population of utica #1", "answer": "60,652", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "1970–71 Coupe de France", "paragraph_text": "The Coupe de France's results of the 1970–71 season. Stade Rennais won the final played on 20 June 1971, beating Olympique Lyonnais.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Northern Seven Years' War", "paragraph_text": "In India, the British retained the Northern Circars, but returned all the French trading ports. The treaty, however, required that the fortifications of these settlements be destroyed and never rebuilt, while only minimal garrisons could be maintained there, thus rendering them worthless as military bases. Combined with the loss of France's ally in Bengal and the defection of Hyderabad to the British as a result of the war, this effectively brought French power in India to an end, making way for British hegemony and eventual control of the subcontinent.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Napoleon", "paragraph_text": "The Allies offered peace terms in the Frankfurt proposals in November 1813. Napoleon would remain as Emperor of France, but it would be reduced to its \"natural frontiers.\" That meant that France could retain control of Belgium, Savoy and the Rhineland (the west bank of the Rhine River), while giving up control of all the rest, including all of Spain and the Netherlands, and most of Italy and Germany. Metternich told Napoleon these were the best terms the Allies were likely to offer; after further victories, the terms would be harsher and harsher. Metternich's motivation was to maintain France as a balance against Russian threats, while ending the highly destabilizing series of wars.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Tibet", "paragraph_text": "In 821/822 CE Tibet and China signed a peace treaty. A bilingual account of this treaty, including details of the borders between the two countries, is inscribed on a stone pillar which stands outside the Jokhang temple in Lhasa. Tibet continued as a Central Asian empire until the mid-9th century, when a civil war over succession led to the collapse of imperial Tibet. The period that followed is known traditionally as the Era of Fragmentation, when political control over Tibet became divided between regional warlords and tribes with no dominant centralized authority.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Abdessalam Jalloud", "paragraph_text": "Abdessalam Jalloud () (born 15 December 1944) was Prime Minister of Libya from 16 July 1972 to 2 March 1977, during the government of Muammar Gaddafi. He was also Minister of Finance from 1970 until 1972.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Muammar Gaddafi", "paragraph_text": "Libya's economy witnessed increasing privatization; although rejecting the socialist policies of nationalized industry advocated in The Green Book, government figures asserted that they were forging \"people's socialism\" rather than capitalism. Gaddafi welcomed these reforms, calling for wide-scale privatization in a March 2003 speech. In 2003, the oil industry was largely sold to private corporations, and by 2004, there was $40 billion of direct foreign investment in Libya, a sixfold rise over 2003. Sectors of Libya's population reacted against these reforms with public demonstrations, and in March 2006, revolutionary hard-liners took control of the GPC cabinet; although scaling back the pace of the changes, they did not halt them. In 2010, plans were announced that would have seen half the Libyan economy privatized over the following decade. While there was no accompanying political liberalization, with Gaddafi retaining predominant control, in March 2010, the government devolved further powers to the municipal councils. Rising numbers of reformist technocrats attained positions in the country's governance; best known was Gaddafi's son and heir apparent Saif al-Islam Gaddafi, who was openly critical of Libya's human rights record. He led a group who proposed the drafting of the new constitution, although it was never adopted, and in October 2009 was appointed to head the PSLC. Involved in encouraging tourism, Saif founded several privately run media channels in 2008, but after criticising the government they were nationalised in 2009. In October 2010, Gaddafi apologized to African leaders on behalf of Arab nations for their involvement in the African slave trade.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Muammar Gaddafi", "paragraph_text": "A Misratan militia took Gaddafi prisoner, beating him, causing serious injuries; the events were filmed on a mobile phone. A video appears to picture Gaddafi being poked or stabbed in the rear end \"with some kind of stick or knife\" or possibly a bayonet. Pulled onto the front of a pick-up truck, he fell off as it drove away. His semi-naked, lifeless body was then placed into an ambulance and taken to Misrata; upon arrival, he was found to be dead. Official NTC accounts claimed that Gaddafi was caught in a cross-fire and died from his bullet wounds. Other eye-witness accounts claimed that rebels had fatally shot Gaddafi in the stomach; a rebel identifying himself as Senad el-Sadik el-Ureybi later claimed responsibility. Gaddafi's son Mutassim, who had also been among the convoy, was also captured, and found dead several hours later, most probably from an extrajudicial execution. Around 140 Gaddafi loyalists were rounded up from the convoy; tied up and abused, the corpses of 66 were found at the nearby Mahari Hotel, victims of extrajudicial execution. Libya's chief forensic pathologist, Dr. Othman al-Zintani, carried out the autopsies of Gaddafi, his son and Jabr in the days following their deaths; although the pathologist initially told the press that Gaddafi had died from a gunshot wound to the head, the autopsy report was not made public.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Treaty of Bärwalde", "paragraph_text": "The Treaty of Bärwalde (; ; ) of 23 January 1631 was a treaty concluding an alliance between the Swedish Empire and the Kingdom of France during the Thirty Years' War, shortly after Sweden had invaded Northern Germany then occupied by Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor's forces. The treaty obliged Sweden to maintain an army of 36,000 troops, and France to fund the Swedish army with an annually 400,000 Reichsthalers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Muammar Gaddafi", "paragraph_text": "Gaddafi sought to develop closer links in the Maghreb; in January 1974 Libya and Tunisia announced a political union, the Arab Islamic Republic. Although advocated by Gaddafi and Tunisian President Habib Bourguiba, the move was deeply unpopular in Tunisia and soon abandoned. Retaliating, Gaddafi sponsored anti-government militants in Tunisia into the 1980s. Turning his attention to Algeria, in 1975 Libya signed the Hassi Messaoud defence agreement allegedly to counter \"Moroccan expansionism\", also funding the Polisario Front of Western Sahara in their independence struggle against Morocco. Seeking to diversify Libya's economy, Gaddafi's government began purchasing shares in major European corporations like Fiat as well as buying real estate in Malta and Italy, which would become a valuable source of income during the 1980s oil slump.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Yahya Kanu", "paragraph_text": "Colonel Yahya Kanu (born in Magburaka, Tonkolili District, Sierra Leone, died 29 December 1992) Kanu was a loyalist to president Joseph Saidu Momoh, and his position in the coup is unclear. He was first reported by Reuters to have led the coup, but that same day he went onto the BBC's \"Focus on Africa\" to deny that role, claiming instead that he was attempting to negotiate with the mutineers. He was imprisoned by Valentine Strasser, who eventually took power in the coup. Kanu was later executed by Valentine Strasser, Solomon Musa and Idriss Kamara on a beach near Freetown, after being accused of organizing a counter-coup with All People's Congress supporter Bambay Kamara. The pair were at the time interred in the Pademba Road jail in Freetown.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Egypt", "paragraph_text": "The new government drafted and implemented a constitution in 1923 based on a parliamentary system. Saad Zaghlul was popularly elected as Prime Minister of Egypt in 1924. In 1936, the Anglo-Egyptian Treaty was concluded. Continued instability due to remaining British influence and increasing political involvement by the king led to the dissolution of the parliament in a military coup d'état known as the 1952 Revolution. The Free Officers Movement forced King Farouk to abdicate in support of his son Fuad. British military presence in Egypt lasted until 1954.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Socialist Party of Latvia", "paragraph_text": "The Socialist Party of Latvia (, LSP, ) was formed in 1994, as a successor party to the Communist Party of Latvia, which was banned in 1991. In essence, the party is communist; according to the \"programme of the party\", the LSP was founded as an organization upholding socialist ideas after the 1991 events that the party describes as a 'counter-revolutionary bourgeois-nationalist coup'.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Muammar Gaddafi", "paragraph_text": "The RCC attempted to suppress regional and tribal affiliation, replacing it with a unified pan-Libyan identity. In doing so, they tried discrediting tribal leaders as agents of the old regime, and in August 1971 a Sabha military court tried many of them for counter-revolutionary activity. Long-standing administrative boundaries were re-drawn, crossing tribal boundaries, while pro-revolutionary modernizers replaced traditional leaders, but the communities they served often rejected them. Realizing the failures of the modernizers, Gaddafi created the Arab Socialist Union (ASU), a mass mobilization vanguard party of which he was president. The ASU recognized the RCC as its \"Supreme Leading Authority\", and was designed to further revolutionary enthusiasm throughout the country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Franco-Prussian War", "paragraph_text": "On the French side, planning after the disaster at Wissembourg had become essential. General Le Bœuf, flushed with anger, was intent upon going on the offensive over the Saar and countering their loss. However, planning for the next encounter was more based upon the reality of unfolding events rather than emotion or pride, as Intendant General Wolff told him and his staff that supply beyond the Saar would be impossible. Therefore, the armies of France would take up a defensive position that would protect against every possible attack point, but also left the armies unable to support each other.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Republic of Florence", "paragraph_text": "The republic had a checkered history of coups and counter-coups against various factions. The Medici faction gained governance of the city in 1434, upon Cosimo de 'Medici's counter-coup against the faction that had sent him into exile the previous year. The Medici kept control of Florence until 1494. Giovanni de' Medici (later Pope Leo X) re-conquered the republic in 1512.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Benghazi", "paragraph_text": "Benghazi continues to hold institutions and organizations normally associated with a national capital city, such as the country's parliament, national library, and the headquarters of Libyan Airlines, the national airline, and of the National Oil Corporation. This creates a constant atmosphere of rivalry and sensitivities between Benghazi and Tripoli, and between Cyrenaica and Tripolitania. The population was 670,797 at the 2006 census.On 15 February 2011, an uprising against the government of Muammar Gaddafi occurred in the city. The revolts spread by 17 February to Bayda, Tobruk, Ajdabya, Al Marj in the East and Zintan, Zawiya in the West, calling for the end of the Gaddafi Regime. Benghazi was taken by Gaddafi opponents on 21 February, who founded the National Transitional Council. On 19 March, the city was the site of the turning point of the Libyan Civil War, when the Libyan Army attempted to score a decisive victory against the NTC by attacking Benghazi, but was forced back by local resistance and intervention from the French Air Force authorized by UNSC Resolution 1973 to protect civilians, allowing the rebellion to continue.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Muammar Gaddafi", "paragraph_text": "Gaddafi married his first wife, Fatiha al-Nuri, in 1969. She was the daughter of General Khalid, a senior figure in King Idris' administration, and was from a middle-class background. Although they had one son, Muhammad Gaddafi (b. 1970), their relationship was strained, and they divorced in 1970. Gaddafi's second wife was Safia Farkash, née el-Brasai, a former nurse from Obeidat tribe born in Bayda. They met in 1969, following his ascension to power, when he was hospitalized with appendicitis; he claimed that it was love at first sight. The couple remained married until his death. Together they had seven biological children: Saif al-Islam Gaddafi (b. 1972), Al-Saadi Gaddafi (b. 1973), Mutassim Gaddafi (1974–2011), Hannibal Muammar Gaddafi (b. 1975), Ayesha Gaddafi (b. 1976), Saif al-Arab Gaddafi (1982–2011), and Khamis Gaddafi (1983–2011). He also adopted two children, Hanna Gaddafi and Milad Gaddafi.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Pub", "paragraph_text": "Until the 1970s most of the larger pubs also featured an off-sales counter or attached shop for the sales of beers, wines and spirits for home consumption. In the 1970s the newly built supermarkets and high street chain stores or off-licences undercut the pub prices to such a degree that within ten years all but a handful of pubs had closed their off-sale counters, which had often been referred to colloquially as the jug and bottle.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Napoleon", "paragraph_text": "During the campaign, Bonaparte became increasingly influential in French politics. He founded two newspapers: one for the troops in his army and another for circulation in France. The royalists attacked Bonaparte for looting Italy and warned that he might become a dictator. All told, Napoleon's forces extracted an estimated $45 million in funds from Italy during their campaign there, another $12 million in precious metals and jewels; atop that, his forces confiscated more than three-hundred priceless paintings and sculptures. Bonaparte sent General Pierre Augereau to Paris to lead a coup d'état and purge the royalists on 4 September—Coup of 18 Fructidor. This left Barras and his Republican allies in control again but dependent on Bonaparte, who proceeded to peace negotiations with Austria. These negotiations resulted in the Treaty of Campo Formio, and Bonaparte returned to Paris in December as a hero. He met Talleyrand, France's new Foreign Minister—who later served in the same capacity for Emperor Napoleon—and they began to prepare for an invasion of Britain.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Muammar Gaddafi", "paragraph_text": "Gaddafi was a very private individual, who described himself as a \"simple revolutionary\" and \"pious Muslim\" called upon by Allah to continue Nasser's work. Reporter Mirella Bianco found that his friends considered him particularly loyal and generous, and asserted that he adored children. She was told by Gaddafi's father that even as a child he had been \"always serious, even taciturn\", a trait he also exhibited in adulthood. His father said that he was courageous, intelligent, pious, and family oriented.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 31713, "question": "Who told Gaddafi about a possible counter-coup in 1970?", "answer": "U.S.", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 11738, "question": "How long did the #1 continue to maintain control over the state capital after the treaty?", "answer": "three months", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Hazrat Nizamuddin railway station", "paragraph_text": "Nizamuddin हज़रत निज़ामुद्दीन Rapid transit, Light rail, Commuter rail & Regional rail station Location New Delhi, Delhi India 28 ° 35 ′ 21 ''N 77 ° 15 ′ 15'' E  /  28.58917 ° N 77.25417 ° E  / 28.58917; 77.25417 Elevation 206.7 metres (678 ft) Platforms 7 Construction Structure type Standard (on ground station) Parking Yes Other information Status Functioning Station code NZM Zone (s) Northern Railway zone Division (s) Delhi Electrified Yes Traffic Passengers (Daily) 360,000 + Location Nizamuddin Location within Delhi", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "Although colloquially Delhi and New Delhi as names are used interchangeably to refer to the jurisdiction of NCT of Delhi, these are two distinct entities, and the latter is a small part of the former.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah", "paragraph_text": "The major part of the shooting is done in Mumbai. However, some parts of the show have also been shot in places such as Gujarat, New Delhi, Goa and in foreign locations such as London, Brussels, Paris and Hong Kong.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Delhi", "paragraph_text": "Delhi Union territory and Megacity National Capital Territory of Delhi From top clockwise: Lotus temple, Humayun's Tomb, Connaught Place, Akshardham temple and India Gate Location of Delhi in India Coordinates: 28 ° 36 ′ 36 ''N 77 ° 13 ′ 48'' E  /  28.61000 ° N 77.23000 ° E  / 28.61000; 77.23000 Coordinates: 28 ° 36 ′ 36 ''N 77 ° 13 ′ 48'' E  /  28.61000 ° N 77.23000 ° E  / 28.61000; 77.23000 Country India Settled 6th century B.C. Incorporated 1857 Capital formation 1911 Formation of Union Territory 1956 Formation of NCT 1 February 1992 Capital New Delhi Districts 11 Government Body Government of Delhi Lt. Governor Anil Baijal, IAS Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal (AAP) Deputy Chief Minister Manish Sisodia Chief Secretary Anshu Prakash, IAS Commissioner of Police Amulya Patnaik, IPS Area Union territory 1,484.0 km (573.0 sq mi) Water 18 km (6.9 sq mi) Area rank 31st Elevation 200 -- 250 m (650 -- 820 ft) Population (2011) Union territory 16,787,941 Density 11,312 / km (29,298 / sq mi) Urban 16,349,831 (2nd) Megacity 11,034,555 (2nd) Metro (2016) 26,454,000 (1st) Demonym (s) Delhiite Languages Official Hindi English Additional official Punjabi Urdu GDP Nominal (NCT) ₹6.86 lakh crore (US $100 billion) (2017 - 18) Nominal per capita ₹329,093 (US $4,800) (2017 - 18) Metro GDP / PPP $167 -- 370 billion Time zone IST (UTC + 5.30) Pincode (s) 1100XX Area code (s) + 91 11 ISO 3166 code IN - DL Website delhi.gov.in", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "Delhi Metro is being built and operated by the Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Limited (DMRC), a state-owned company with equal equity participation from Government of India and Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi. However, the organisation is under administrative control of Ministry of Urban Development, Government of India. Besides construction and operation of Delhi metro, DMRC is also involved in the planning and implementation of metro rail, monorail and high-speed rail projects in India and providing consultancy services to other metro projects in the country as well as abroad. The Delhi Metro project was spearheaded by Padma Vibhushan E. Sreedharan, the Managing Director of DMRC and popularly known as the \"Metro Man\" of India. He famously resigned from DMRC, taking moral responsibility for a metro bridge collapse which took five lives. Sreedharan was awarded with the prestigious Legion of Honour by the French Government for his contribution to Delhi Metro.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Daawat-e-Ishq", "paragraph_text": "The film was released on 19 September 2014, to mostly positive reviews. \"The Hindu\" said \"Daawat-e-Ishq\" was a \"potent recipe\", and \"Times of India\" gave it four stars out of five. The film collected at the box office in its first week run.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Rashtrapati Bhavan", "paragraph_text": "Rashtrapati Bhavan Location in New Delhi, Delhi, India Former names Viceroy's House Alternative names Presidential House General information Architectural style Delhi Order Location Rajpath, New Delhi, India Coordinates 28 ° 36 ′ 51.63 ''N 77 ° 11 ′ 59.29'' E  /  28.6143417 ° N 77.1998028 ° E  / 28.6143417; 77.1998028 Current tenants Ram Nath Kovind (President of India) Construction started 1912 Completed 1929; 89 years ago (1929) Technical details Size 130 hectare (321 acre) Floor area 200,000 sq ft (19,000 m) Design and construction Architect Edwin Lutyens", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Delhi, Wisconsin", "paragraph_text": "Delhi, Wisconsin is a ghost town in the town of Rushford, Winnebago County, Wisconsin, United States. It is located on County Highway E between Omro and Eureka at the junction of the Fox River and Waukau Creek. Delhi was also known as La Borde's Landing. 1980 census records identify Delhi as Island Park. Delhi had an established post office between 1850-1893.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Ishq Be Parwah", "paragraph_text": "Ishq Be Parwah is an Urdu movie from Pakistan, directed by Altaf Hussein. It stars Veena Malik, Moammar Rana and Sana, Tariq Shah, Babar Butt Shafqat Cheema, Naghma Begum, Naseem Vicky, Tariq Teddy", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Holiday Inn New Delhi Mayur Vihar NOIDA", "paragraph_text": "Holiday Inn New Delhi / Mayur Vihar / NOIDA is a hotel in East Delhi, India, near NOIDA. It opened in 2011 alongside its sister property, Crowne Plaza New Delhi / Mayur Vihar / NOIDA. The hotel is part of the InterContinental Hotels Group, an international hotel chain hotel founded in 1946. This property is owned by Eros Resorts & Hotels Limited, a Delhi-based real estate and hospitality group who also own and manage other properties in the area. The management of the hotel is delegated to hoteliers from India and abroad.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Supreme Court of India", "paragraph_text": "Supreme Court of India Seal of the Supreme Court Established 1 October 1937 (80 years ago) (1937 - 10 - 01) (Federal Court of India) (former) 26 January 1950 (67 years ago) (1950 - 01 - 26) (present) Country India Location Tilak Marg, New Delhi, India, 110001 Coordinates 28 ° 37 ′ 20 ''N 77 ° 14 ′ 23'' E  /  28.622237 ° N 77.239584 ° E  / 28.622237; 77.239584 Coordinates: 28 ° 37 ′ 20 ''N 77 ° 14 ′ 23'' E  /  28.622237 ° N 77.239584 ° E  / 28.622237; 77.239584 Motto यतो धर्मस्ततो जयः ॥ (Yato dharmas tato jayah) Whence law (dharma), thence victory. (Sanskrit) Composition method Collegium System Authorized by Constitution of India Judge term length 65 years of age No. of positions Sanctioned strength = 31 (30 + 1) Actual present strength = 25 (24 + 1) Website www.sci.gov.in Chief Justice of India Currently Justice Dipak Misra", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Delhi Institute of Tool Engineering", "paragraph_text": "Delhi Institute of Tool Engineering (DITE) is a Delhi State Government Engineering college located in the Wazirpur Industrial Area of New Delhi, India.It has a new and specialized programme Mechatronics and Tool Engineering.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "With a total area of 42.7 km2 (16.5 sq mi), New Delhi forms a small part of the Delhi metropolitan area. Because the city is located on the Indo-Gangetic Plain, there is little difference in elevation across the city. New Delhi and surrounding areas were once a part of the Aravalli Range; all that is left of those mountains is the Delhi Ridge, which is also called the Lungs of Delhi. While New Delhi lies on the floodplains of the Yamuna River, it is essentially a landlocked city. East of the river is the urban area of Shahdara. New Delhi falls under the seismic zone-IV, making it vulnerable to earthquakes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "River Yare", "paragraph_text": "Yare River The river at Thorpe Green, Norwich Country England Region Norfolk Part of River Wensum Source - location west of Shipdham - elevation 79 m (259 ft) - coordinates 52 ° 37 ′ 11 ''N 0 ° 50 ′ 19'' E  /  52.6196 ° N 0.8386 ° E  / 52.6196; 0.8386 Mouth Breydon Water - location Burgh Castle - elevation 0 m (0 ft) - coordinates 52 ° 35 ′ 17 ''N 1 ° 38 ′ 33'' E  /  52.58798 ° N 1.64262 ° E  / 52.58798; 1.64262 Coordinates: 52 ° 35 ′ 17 ''N 1 ° 38 ′ 33'' E  /  52.58798 ° N 1.64262 ° E  / 52.58798; 1.64262 Length 83.5 km (52 mi) Location of the river mouth within Norfolk", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "All India Institute of Ayurveda, Delhi", "paragraph_text": "The All India Institute of Ayurveda, Delhi (abbreviated AIIA Delhi or AIIAD) is a public Ayurveda medicine & research institution located in New Delhi, India.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Arjun College of Technology", "paragraph_text": "Arjun College of Technology located at Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India, is a private self-financing engineering institute. It was established in 2013 as part of the Arjun Group of Concerns. The college is approved by AICTE, New Delhi and affiliated to the Anna University, Chennai.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Ishq Brandy", "paragraph_text": "Ishq Brandy is a Punjabi comedy film directed by Amit Prasher, Starring Roshan Prince, Binnu Dhillon, Shobhita Rana, Alfaaz. Japji Khaira. Movie is produced under banner Future Cine Vision. Film Music is given by Yo Yo Honey Singh and Sachh & Lyrics by Alfaaz. \"Ishq Brandy\" was released on 21 February 2014.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Delhi", "paragraph_text": "During the Indian Rebellion of 1857, Delhi fell to the forces of East India Company after a bloody fight known as the Siege of Delhi. The city came under the direct control of the British Government in 1858. It was made a district province of the Punjab. In 1911, it was announced that the capital of British held territories in India was to be transferred from Calcutta to Delhi. The name ``New Delhi ''was given in 1927, and the new capital was inaugurated on 13 February 1931. New Delhi, also known as Lutyens' Delhi, was officially declared as the capital of the Union of India after the country gained independence on 15 August 1947. During the partition of India, thousands of Hindu and Sikh refugees, mainly from West Punjab fled to Delhi, while many Muslim residents of the city migrated to Pakistan. Migration to Delhi from the rest of India continues (as of 2013), contributing more to the rise of Delhi's population than the birth rate, which is declining.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Sarita Vihar", "paragraph_text": "Sarita Vihar District Subdivision Sarita Vihar Location in Delhi, India Coordinates: 28 ° 32 ′ 02 ''N 77 ° 17 ′ 24'' E  /  28.533890 ° N 77.289942 ° E  / 28.533890; 77.289942 Coordinates: 28 ° 32 ′ 02 ''N 77 ° 17 ′ 24'' E  /  28.533890 ° N 77.289942 ° E  / 28.533890; 77.289942 Country India State Delhi District South East Delhi Government Body South Delhi Municipal Corporation Languages Official Hindi, English Time zone IST (UTC + 5: 30) PIN 110076 Nearest city Gurgaon / Faridabad / Noida / Greater Noida Lok Sabha constituency South Delhi Civic agency South Delhi Municipal Corporation", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "Calcutta (now Kolkata) was the capital of India during the British Raj until December 1911. However, Delhi had served as the political and financial centre of several empires of ancient India and the Delhi Sultanate, most notably of the Mughal Empire from 1649 to 1857. During the early 1900s, a proposal was made to the British administration to shift the capital of the British Indian Empire (as it was officially called) from Calcutta to Delhi. Unlike Calcutta, which was located on the eastern coast of India, Delhi was at the centre of northern India and the Government of British India felt that it would be logistically easier to administer India from the latter rather than the former.", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 106899, "question": "What is the country Daawat-e-Ishq is from?", "answer": "India", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 }, { "id": 11098, "question": "In what part of #1 is Delhi located?", "answer": "the centre of northern India", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 } ]

[ "India", "IND", "in", "IN" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "American Pie (song)", "paragraph_text": "``American Pie ''is a song by American singer and songwriter Don McLean. Recorded and released on the American Pie album in 1971, the single was a number - one US hit for four weeks in 1972 and also topped the charts in Australia, Canada, and New Zealand. In the UK, the single reached No. 2 on its original 1972 release while a reissue in 1991 reached No. 12. The song was listed as the No. 5 song on the RIAA project Songs of the Century. A truncated version of the song was covered by Madonna in 2000 and reached No. 1 in several countries, including the United Kingdom, Canada and Australia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Chip an' Dale", "paragraph_text": "Along with another Disney film, \"Pluto's Blue Note\", \"Chip an' Dale\" was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film in 1948. Both ultimately lost to \"Tweetie Pie\", a film by Warner Bros..", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Game pie", "paragraph_text": "Game pies were consumed by the wealthy in the days of the Roman Empire. Wilhelm Adolf Becker states that the emperor Augustus consumed pies that contained chicken, pheasants, pigeon, and duck.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 3, "title": "American Reunion", "paragraph_text": "American Reunion (also known as American Pie 4: Reunion or American Pie: Reunion in certain countries) is a 2012 American ensemble sex comedy film written and directed by Jon Hurwitz and Hayden Schlossberg. It is the fourth installment in the \"American Pie\" theatrical series.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "005", "paragraph_text": "005 is a 1981 arcade game by Sega. Sega advertised it as the first of their RasterScan Convert-a-Game series, designed so that it could be changed into another game in minutes \"at a substantial savings\". It is one of the first examples of a stealth game. In this \"James Bond-inspired\" game, the player's mission is to take a briefcase of secret documents to a waiting helicopter. The player controls a spy who must avoid the enemies as he makes his way through buildings and warehouses, where he will have to dodge the enemies' flashlights and use boxes as hiding spots.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "England", "paragraph_text": "England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west. The Irish Sea lies northwest of England and the Celtic Sea lies to the southwest. England is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south. The country covers five - eighths of the island of Great Britain (which lies in the North Atlantic) in its centre and south, and includes over 100 smaller named islands such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Tongue River (North Dakota)", "paragraph_text": "The Tongue River is a tributary of the Pembina River in northeastern North Dakota in the United States. It drains an area of the prairie country near the Canada–US border in the extreme northeast corner of the state in the watershed of the Red River.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "American Pie (song)", "paragraph_text": "``American Pie ''is a song by American folk rock singer and songwriter Don McLean. Recorded and released on the American Pie album in 1971, the single was a number - one US hit for four weeks in 1972. In the UK, the single reached No. 2 on its original 1972 release and a reissue in 1991 reached No. 12. The song was listed as the No. 5 song on the RIAA project Songs of the Century. A truncated version of the song was covered by Madonna in 2000 and reached No. 1 in several countries, including the United Kingdom, Canada and Australia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Self-defense (United States)", "paragraph_text": "In the United States, self-defense is an affirmative defense that is used to justify the use of force by one person against another person under specific circumstances.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Madikwe Game Reserve", "paragraph_text": "The Madikwe Game Reserve is a protected area in South Africa, part of the latest park developments in the country. Named after the Madikwe or Marico River, on whose basin it is located, it was opened in 1991 and comprises 750 km² of bushland north of the small town Groot-Marico up to the Botswana border.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Pembina River (Manitoba – North Dakota)", "paragraph_text": "The Pembina River is a tributary of the Red River of the North, approximately long, in southern Manitoba in Canada and northeastern North Dakota in the United States. It drains an area (about 8500 square kilometers) of the prairie country along the Canada–US border, threading the Manitoba-North Dakota border eastward to the Red River. Via the Red River, Lake Winnipeg and the Nelson River, it is part of the watershed of Hudson Bay.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "American Pie (song)", "paragraph_text": "``American Pie ''Picture sleeve for U.S. vinyl single. Artwork is also used as the front cover for the album of the same name and many other international releases of the single. Single by Don McLean from the album American Pie B - side`` Empty Chairs'' (promo) ``American Pie part 2 ''(first release) Released November 1971 (original) November 1991 (re-release) Format Vinyl (original) CD, cassette, vinyl (reissue) Recorded May 26, 1971 Genre Folk rock Length 8: 33 (LP) 4: 11 (single part 1) 4: 31 (single part 2) Label United Artists Songwriter (s) Don McLean Producer (s) Ed Freeman for The Rainbow Collection, Ltd. Don McLean singles chronology`` Castles in the Air'' (1971) ``American Pie ''(1971)`` Vincent'' (1972) ``Castles in the Air ''(1971)`` American Pie'' (1971) ``Vincent ''(1972) Audio sample file help", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Canada in the Cold War", "paragraph_text": "To defend North America against a possible enemy attack, Canada and the United States began to work very closely together in the 1950s. The North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) created a joint air - defense system. In northern Canada, the Distant Early Warning Line (Dew Line) was established to give warning of Soviet bombers heading over the north pole. Great debate broke out while John Diefenbaker was Prime Minister as to whether Canada should accept U.S. nuclear weapons on its territory. Diefenbaker had already agreed to buy the BOMARC missile system from the Americans, which would be not as effective without nuclear warheads, but balked at permitting the weapons into Canada.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "North–South railway (Vietnam)", "paragraph_text": "The North–South railway (, ) is the principal railway line serving the country of Vietnam. It is a single-track metre gauge line connecting the capital Hanoi in the north to Ho Chi Minh City in the south, for a total length of . Trains travelling this line are sometimes referred to as the Reunification Express (referring to the Reunification of Vietnam), although no particular train carries this name officially. The line was established during French colonial rule, and was completed over a period of nearly forty years, from 1899 to 1936. As of 2005, there were 278 stations on the Vietnamese railway network, of which 191 were located along the North–South line.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Lakeland, Baltimore", "paragraph_text": "Lakeland is a neighborhood in south Baltimore, Maryland. Its borders are Annapolis Road on the east, the Baltimore city/county line to the south, a CSX/MARC Railroad line to the west, and the same railroad line to the north.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Scotch pie", "paragraph_text": "A Scotch pie or mutton pie is a small, double-crust meat pie filled with minced mutton or other meat. It may also be known as a shell pie or mince pie (although the latter term is ambiguous) to differentiate it from other varieties of savoury pie, such as the steak pie, steak and kidney pie, steak-and-tattie (potato) pie, and so forth. The Scotch pie is believed to originate in Scotland, but can be found in other parts of the United Kingdom, and is widely sold all over Canada. They are often sold alongside other types of hot food in football grounds, traditionally accompanied by a drink of Bovril, resulting in the occasional reference to football pies.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Transocean Air Lines", "paragraph_text": "Transocean Air Lines was an Oakland, California-based airline that operated from 1946 until 1960. The Transocean name was also used in 1989 by another US-based air carrier, TransOcean Airways, which previously operated as Gulf Air Transport.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Baikal–Amur Mainline", "paragraph_text": "The BAM was again declared complete in 1991. By then, the total cost to build the line was US $14 billion.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Radcliffe Line", "paragraph_text": "The Radcliffe Line was the boundary demarcation line between India and Pakistan published on 17 August 1947 upon the Partition of India. It was named after its architect, Sir Cyril Radcliffe, who, as chairman of the Border Commissions, was charged with equitably dividing 175,000 square miles (450,000 km) of territory with 88 million people. Today its western side still serves as the Indo - Pakistani border and the eastern side serves as the India - Bangladesh border.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Military Demarcation Line", "paragraph_text": "The Military Demarcation Line (MDL), sometimes referred to as the Armistice Line, is the 154 mile - long land border or demarcation line between North Korea and South Korea. On either side of the line is the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ). The MDL and DMZ were established by the Armistice at the end of the Korean War in 1953.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 106197, "question": "Which was the country for Game pie?", "answer": "Roman Empire", "paragraph_support_idx": 2 }, { "id": 22303, "question": "What was the name of the concept used by #1 when building another line of defense at the north border?", "answer": "the linear defence concept", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Marisol Touraine", "paragraph_text": "Marisol Touraine (; born 7 March 1959) is a French politician. She serves as Minister of Social Affairs and Health under Prime Minister Jean-Marc Ayrault, Prime Minister Manuel Valls, and under Prime Minister Bernard Cazeneuve.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Spaced", "paragraph_text": "\"Spaced\" Series 1 and 2 were both released on DVD in the United Kingdom. These were followed by a boxed set which collects the previously released single-series DVDs, adding a bonus disc with a feature-length documentary, \"Skip to the End\", behind the scenes of the show, as well as a music video by Osymyso.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Prime Minister of Iraq", "paragraph_text": "The Prime Minister of Iraq is Iraq's head of government. The Prime Minister was originally an appointed office, subsidiary to the head of state, and the nominal leader of the Iraqi parliament. Under the newly adopted constitution the Prime Minister is to be the country's active executive authority. Nouri al - Maliki (formerly Jawad al - Maliki) was selected to be Prime Minister on 21 April 2006. On 14 August 2014 al - Maliki agreed to step down as prime minister of Iraq to allow Haider al - Abadi to take his place.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Prime Minister of the United Kingdom", "paragraph_text": "Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Royal Arms used by Her Majesty's Government Incumbent Theresa May since 13 July 2016 (2016 - 07 - 13) Government of the United Kingdom Office of the Prime Minister Style Prime Minister (informal) The Right Honourable (within the UK and the Commonwealth) His / Her Excellency (in international correspondence) Member of Cabinet Privy Council European Council British -- Irish Council Reports to Parliament Residence 10 Downing Street Chequers Seat Westminster Appointer Monarch of the United Kingdom Term length At Her Majesty's pleasure Inaugural holder Sir Robert Walpole as First Lord of the Treasury and de facto first Prime Minister. Formation 4 April 1721 Salary £151,451 annual, including £76,011 MP's salary Website Official website", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Prime minister", "paragraph_text": "The Prime Minister's executive office is usually called the Office of the Prime Minister in the case of the Canada and other Commonwealth countries, it is called Cabinet Office in United Kingdom. Some Prime Minister's office do include the role of Cabinet. In other countries, it is called the Prime Minister's Department or the Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet as for Australia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Chris Watson", "paragraph_text": "John Christian Watson (born John Christian Tanck; 9 April 186718 November 1941), commonly known as Chris Watson, was an Australian politician who served as the third Prime Minister of Australia. He was the first Prime Minister from the Australian Labour Party, and led the world's first Labour Party government, indeed the world's first socialist or social democratic government, at a national level. From paternal German and maternal British ancestry, he is the only Australian Prime Minister not born in a Commonwealth country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Estanislau da Silva", "paragraph_text": "After Timor Leste achieved independence in 2002, Da Silva was appointed as the country's first Minister for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. On 10 July 2006, he was sworn in as the First Deputy Prime Minister of Timor Leste. He was sworn in as the acting Prime Minister on 19 May 2007 to replace José Ramos-Horta who had been elected President of the young nation. He left office when Xanana Gusmão was sworn in as Prime Minister on 8 August 2007, following the June 2007 parliamentary election.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Estonia", "paragraph_text": "The Government of Estonia (Estonian: Vabariigi Valitsus) or the executive branch is formed by the Prime Minister of Estonia, nominated by the president and approved by the parliament. The government exercises executive power pursuant to the Constitution of Estonia and the laws of the Republic of Estonia and consists of twelve ministers, including the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister also has the right to appoint other ministers and assign them a subject to deal with. These are ministers without portfolio — they don't have a ministry to control.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Estonia", "paragraph_text": "The Prime Minister has the right to appoint a maximum of three such ministers, as the limit of ministers in one government is fifteen. It is also known as the cabinet. The cabinet carries out the country's domestic and foreign policy, shaped by parliament; it directs and co-ordinates the work of government institutions and bears full responsibility for everything occurring within the authority of executive power. The government, headed by the Prime Minister, thus represents the political leadership of the country and makes decisions in the name of the whole executive power.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "List of prime ministers of Elizabeth II", "paragraph_text": "The Queen has had over 160 individuals serve as her realms' prime ministers throughout her reign, the first new appointment being Dudley Senanayake as Prime Minister of Ceylon and the most recent being Scott Morrison as Prime Minister of Australia. Several of the Queen's prime ministers from various realms have been appointed for life to the Privy Council of the United Kingdom.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Estonia", "paragraph_text": "Estonia is a parliamentary representative democratic republic in which the Prime Minister of Estonia is the head of government and which includes a multi-party system. The political culture is stable in Estonia, where power is held between two and three parties that have been in politics for a long time. This situation is similar to other countries in Northern Europe. The former Prime Minister of Estonia, Andrus Ansip, is also Europe's longest-serving Prime Minister (from 2005 until 2014). The current Estonian Prime Minister is Taavi Rõivas, who is the former Minister of Social Affairs and the head of the Estonian Reform Party.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Solomon Islands", "paragraph_text": "On 13 December 2007, Prime Minister Manasseh Sogavare was toppled by a vote of no confidence in Parliament, following the defection of five ministers to the opposition. It was the first time a prime minister had lost office in this way in Solomon Islands. On 20 December, Parliament elected the opposition's candidate (and former Minister for Education) Derek Sikua as Prime Minister, in a vote of 32 to 15.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Prime minister", "paragraph_text": "In non-Commonwealth countries the prime minister may be entitled to the style of Excellency like a president. In some Commonwealth countries prime ministers and former prime ministers are styled Right Honourable due to their position, for example in the Prime Minister of Canada. In the United Kingdom the prime minister and former prime ministers may appear to also be styled Right Honourable, however this is not due to their position as head of government but as a privilege of being current members of Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Ivars Godmanis", "paragraph_text": "Ivars Godmanis (born 27 November 1951) is a Latvian politician who was Prime Minister of Latvia from 1990 to 1993 and again from 2007 to 2009. He was the first Prime Minister of Latvia after the country restored its independence from the Soviet Union.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Prime minister", "paragraph_text": "In the Russian constitution the prime minister is actually titled Chairman of the government while the Irish prime minister is called the Taoiseach (which is rendered into English as prime minister), and in Israel he is Rosh HaMemshalah meaning \"head of the government\". In many cases, though commonly used, \"prime minister\" is not the official title of the office-holder; the Spanish prime minister is the President of the Government (Presidente del Gobierno).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Eugen Bejinariu", "paragraph_text": "Bejinariu was appointed as interim prime minister at the request of resigning prime minister, Adrian Năstase, and confirmed by the new president Traian Băsescu to hold the office until a new prime minister was named. Bejinariu was the minister of government coordination in Năstase's cabinet, joining the government after a long stint as chairman of Romania's State Protocol Department (RAPPS). He was replaced as prime minister on December 28, 2004 by Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Poland", "paragraph_text": "In 2011, the ruling Civic Platform won parliamentary elections. Poland joined the European Space Agency in 2012, as well as organised the UEFA Euro 2012 (along with Ukraine). In 2013, Poland also became a member of the Development Assistance Committee. In 2014, the Prime Minister of Poland, Donald Tusk, was chosen to be President of the European Council, and resigned as prime minister. The 2015 elections were won by the opposition Law and Justice Party (PiS).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "National Development Council (India)", "paragraph_text": "The National Development Council (NDC) or Rashtriya Vikas Parishad is the apex body for decision creating and deliberations on development matters in India, presided over by the Prime Minister. It was set up on 6 August 1952 to strengthen and mobilize the effort and resources of the nation in support of the Plan, to promote common economic policies in all vital spheres, and to ensure the balanced and rapid development of all parts of the country. The Council comprises the Prime Minister, the Union Cabinet Ministers, Chief Ministers of all States or their substitutes, representatives of the Union Territories and the members of the NITI Aayog.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Prime minister", "paragraph_text": "Other common forms include president of the council of ministers (for example in Italy, Presidente del Consiglio dei Ministri), President of the Executive Council, or Minister-President. In the Scandinavian countries the prime minister is called statsminister in the native languages (i.e. minister of state). In federations, the head of government of subnational entities such as provinces is most commonly known as the premier, chief minister, governor or minister-president.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Prime minister", "paragraph_text": "In the UK, where devolved government is in place, the leaders of the Scottish, Northern Irish and Welsh Governments are styled First Minister. In India, The Prime Minister is referred to as \"Pradhan Mantri\", meaning \"prime minister\". In Pakistan, the prime minister is referred to as \"Wazir-e-Azam\", meaning \"Grand Vizier\".", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 106382, "question": "Which was the country for Spaced?", "answer": "United Kingdom", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 }, { "id": 80004, "question": "in #1 who picks the prime minister", "answer": "Monarch of the United Kingdom", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 } ]

[ "United Kingdom", "UK", "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Kannauj", "paragraph_text": "Kannauj city Nickname (s): Perfume Capital of India; Grasse of the East Kannauj Kannauj Show map of India Show map of Uttar Pradesh Show all Coordinates: 27 ° 04 ′ N 79 ° 55 ′ E  /  27.07 ° N 79.92 ° E  / 27.07; 79.92 Coordinates: 27 ° 04 ′ N 79 ° 55 ′ E  /  27.07 ° N 79.92 ° E  / 27.07; 79.92 Country India State Uttar Pradesh District Kannauj Elevation 139 m (456 ft) Population (2001) Total 1,656,616 Languages Official Hindi / Urdu Time zone IST (UTC + 5: 30) Vehicle registration UP - 74 Website www.kannauj.nic.in", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Canada", "paragraph_text": "Canada (/ ˈkænədə / (listen); French: (kanadɑ)) is a country in the northern part of North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering 9.98 million square kilometres (3.85 million square miles), making it the world's second - largest country by total area and the fourth - largest country by land area. Canada's southern border with the United States is the world's longest bi-national land border. The majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate, but southerly areas are warm in summer. Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its land territory being dominated by forest and tundra and the Rocky Mountains. It is highly urbanized with 82 per cent of the 35.15 million people concentrated in large and medium - sized cities, many near the southern border. Its capital is Ottawa, and its five largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver, Calgary and Ottawa.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Roman Catholic Diocese of Mangalore", "paragraph_text": "Diocese of Mangalore Dioecesis Mangalorensis मंगलौर के सूबा Cathedral of Our Lady of the Rosary Location Country India Territory Karnataka Ecclesiastical province Bangalore Metropolitan Bangalore Statistics Area 5,924 km (2,287 sq mi) Population - Total - Catholics (as of 2012) 2,978,560 267,343 (9%) Parishes 112 Information Denomination Roman Catholic Rite Latin Rite Established 1 September 1886 Cathedral Our Lady of Rosary of Mangalore Patron saint Saint Joseph Current leadership Pope Francis Bishop Aloysius Paul D'Souza Metropolitan Archbishop Bernard Moras Dean Fr. John Baptist Crasta Map Map highlighting districts falling under the Mangalore Diocese Website dioceseofmangalore.org/", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "The Map and the Territory", "paragraph_text": "\"The Map and the Territory\" is Michel Houellebecq's fifth novel. It was published five years after his prior novel, \"The Possibility of an Island\". \"The Map and the Territory\" was among the most eagerly awaited and discussed novels of the 2010 literary season in France. The first printing was for copies, as announced by the publisher. An English translation by Gavin Bowd was published in January 2012.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Mexico City", "paragraph_text": "Due in large part to the persuasion of representative Servando Teresa de Mier, Mexico City was chosen because it was the center of the country's population and history, even though Querétaro was closer to the center geographically. The choice was official on November 18, 1824, and Congress delineated a surface area of two leagues square (8,800 acres) centered on the Zocalo. This area was then separated from the State of Mexico, forcing that state's government to move from the Palace of the Inquisition (now Museum of Mexican Medicine) in the city to Texcoco. This area did not include the population centers of the towns of Coyoacán, Xochimilco, Mexicaltzingo and Tlalpan, all of which remained as part of the State of Mexico.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Indigenous peoples of the Americas", "paragraph_text": "Indigenous peoples of Brazil make up 0.4% of Brazil's population, or about 700,000 people, even though millions of Brazilians have some indigenous ancestry. Indigenous peoples are found in the entire territory of Brazil, although the majority of them live in Indian reservations in the North and Center-Western part of the country. On January 18, 2007, FUNAI reported that it had confirmed the presence of 67 different uncontacted tribes in Brazil, up from 40 in 2005. With this addition Brazil has now overtaken the island of New Guinea as the country having the largest number of uncontacted tribes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Huguenots", "paragraph_text": "The exodus of Huguenots from France created a brain drain, as many Huguenots had occupied important places in society. The kingdom did not fully recover for years. The French crown's refusal to allow non-Catholics to settle in New France may help to explain that colony's slow rate of population growth compared to that of the neighbouring British colonies, which opened settlement to religious dissenters. By the time of the French and Indian War (the North American front of the Seven Years' War), a sizeable population of Huguenot descent lived in the British colonies, and many participated in the British defeat of New France in 1759-60.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Huguenots in South Africa", "paragraph_text": "On 31 December 1687 a group of Huguenots set sail from France as the first of the large scale emigration of Huguenots to the Cape of Good Hope, which took place during 1688 and 1689. In total some 180 Huguenots from France, and 18 Walloons from the present - day Belgium, eventually settled at the Cape of Good Hope. A notable example of this is the emigration of Huguenots from La Motte d'Aigues in Provence, France. After this large scale emigration, individual Huguenot immigrant families arrived at the Cape of Good Hope as late as the first quarter of the 18th century, and the state - subsidised emigration of Huguenots was stopped in 1706.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Rarotonga", "paragraph_text": "Rarotonga NASA satellite image of Rarotonga Rarotonga Rarotonga Rarotonga Show map of Cook Islands Show map of Oceania Show map of Pacific Ocean Show all Geography Location Central - Southern Pacific Ocean Coordinates 21 ° 14 ′ S 159 ° 47 ′ W  /  21.233 ° S 159.783 ° W  / - 21.233; - 159.783 Archipelago Cook Islands Major islands Motutapu Oneroa Koromiri Taakoka Area 67.39 km (26.02 sq mi) Administration Cook Islands Demographics Demonym Rarotongan Population 10,572", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Chad Basin", "paragraph_text": "The Chad Basin is the largest endorheic basin in Africa, centered on Lake Chad. It has no outlet to the sea and contains large areas of desert or semi-arid savanna. The drainage basin is roughly coterminous with the sedimentary basin of the same name, but extends further to the northeast and east. The basin spans eight countries, including most of Chad and a large part of Niger. The region has an ethnically diverse population of about 30 million people as of 2011, growing rapidly.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Huguenots", "paragraph_text": "Some Huguenots fought in the Low Countries alongside the Dutch against Spain during the first years of the Dutch Revolt (1568–1609). The Dutch Republic rapidly became a destination for Huguenot exiles. Early ties were already visible in the \"Apologie\" of William the Silent, condemning the Spanish Inquisition, which was written by his court minister, the Huguenot Pierre L'Oyseleur, lord of Villiers. Louise de Coligny, daughter of the murdered Huguenot leader Gaspard de Coligny, married William the Silent, leader of the Dutch (Calvinist) revolt against Spanish (Catholic) rule. As both spoke French in daily life, their court church in the Prinsenhof in Delft held services in French. The practice has continued to the present day. The Prinsenhof is one of the 14 active Walloon churches of the Dutch Reformed Church. The ties between Huguenots and the Dutch Republic's military and political leadership, the House of Orange-Nassau, which existed since the early days of the Dutch Revolt, helped support the many early settlements of Huguenots in the Dutch Republic's colonies. They settled at the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa and New Netherland in North America.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Modern history", "paragraph_text": "At the time of the Berlin Conference, Africa contained one-fifth of the world’s population living in one-quarter of the world’s land area. However, from Europe's perspective, they were dividing an unknown continent. European countries established a few coastal colonies in Africa by the mid-nineteenth century, which included Cape Colony (Great Britain), Angola (Portugal), and Algeria (France), but until the late nineteenth century Europe largely traded with free African states without feeling the need for territorial possession. Until the 1880s most of Africa remained unchartered, with western maps from the period generally showing blank spaces for the continent’s interior.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Northern Territory", "paragraph_text": "The Northern Territory (abbreviated as NT) is a federal Australian territory in the central and central northern regions of Australia. It shares borders with Western Australia to the west (129th meridian east), South Australia to the south (26th parallel south), and Queensland to the east (138th meridian east). To the north, the territory is bordered by the Timor Sea, the Arafura Sea and the Gulf of Carpentaria. Despite its large area -- over 1,349,129 square kilometres (520,902 sq mi), making it the third largest Australian federal division -- it is sparsely populated. The Northern Territory's population of 244,000 (2016) makes it the least populous of Australia's eight major states and territories, having fewer than half as many people as Tasmania.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Huguenots", "paragraph_text": "Huguenot immigrants did not disperse or settle in different parts of the country, but rather, formed three societies or congregations; one in the city of New York, another 21 miles north of New York in a town which they named New Rochelle, and a third further upstate in New Paltz. The \"Huguenot Street Historic District\" in New Paltz has been designated a National Historic Landmark site and contains the oldest street in the United States of America. A small group of Huguenots also settled on the south shore of Staten Island along the New York Harbor, for which the current neighborhood of Huguenot was named.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Huguenots", "paragraph_text": "Approximately one million Protestants in modern France represent some 2% of its population. Most are concentrated in Alsace in northeast France and the Cévennes mountain region in the south, who still regard themselves as Huguenots to this day.[citation needed] A diaspora of French Australians still considers itself Huguenot, even after centuries of exile. Long integrated into Australian society, it is encouraged by the Huguenot Society of Australia to embrace and conserve its cultural heritage, aided by the Society's genealogical research services.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Egypt", "paragraph_text": "With over 90 million inhabitants, Egypt is the most populous country in North Africa and the Arab World, the third-most populous in Africa (after Nigeria and Ethiopia), and the fifteenth-most populous in the world. The great majority of its people live near the banks of the Nile River, an area of about 40,000 square kilometres (15,000 sq mi), where the only arable land is found. The large regions of the Sahara desert, which constitute most of Egypt's territory, are sparsely inhabited. About half of Egypt's residents live in urban areas, with most spread across the densely populated centres of greater Cairo, Alexandria and other major cities in the Nile Delta.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Greeks", "paragraph_text": "Today, Greeks are the majority ethnic group in the Hellenic Republic, where they constitute 93% of the country's population, and the Republic of Cyprus where they make up 78% of the island's population (excluding Turkish settlers in the occupied part of the country). Greek populations have not traditionally exhibited high rates of growth; nonetheless, the population of Greece has shown regular increase since the country's first census in 1828. A large percentage of the population growth since the state's foundation has resulted from annexation of new territories and the influx of 1.5 million Greek refugees after the 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey. About 80% of the population of Greece is urban, with 28% concentrated in the city of Athens", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Huguenots", "paragraph_text": "Huguenot numbers peaked near an estimated two million by 1562, concentrated mainly in the southern and central parts of France, about one-eighth the number of French Catholics. As Huguenots gained influence and more openly displayed their faith, Catholic hostility grew, in spite of increasingly liberal political concessions and edicts of toleration from the French crown. A series of religious conflicts followed, known as the Wars of Religion, fought intermittently from 1562 to 1598. The wars finally ended with the granting of the Edict of Nantes, which granted the Huguenots substantial religious, political and military autonomy.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Institute of technology", "paragraph_text": "EPN is known for research and education in the applied science, astronomy, atmospheric physics, engineering and physical sciences. The Geophysics Institute monitors over the country`s seismic, tectonic and volcanic activity in the continental territory and in the Galápagos Islands.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "French Canadians", "paragraph_text": "French Canadians (also referred to as Franco - Canadians or Canadiens; French: Canadien (ne) s français (es)) are an ethnic group who trace their ancestry to French colonists who settled in Canada from the 17th century onward. Today, French Canadians constitute the main French - speaking population in Canada, accounting for about 22 per cent of the country's total population. The majority of French Canadians reside in Quebec, where they constitute the majority of the province's population, although French Canadian and francophone minority communities exist in all other Canadian provinces and territories as well.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 106008, "question": "Which was the country for The Map and the Territory?", "answer": "France", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 }, { "id": 40458, "question": "Where was #1 's Huguenot population largely centered?", "answer": "the southern and central parts of France", "paragraph_support_idx": 17 } ]

[ "France", "fr", "FRA", "FR" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Space Race", "paragraph_text": "The United States recovered from the Apollo 1 fire, fixing the fatal flaws in an improved version of the Block II command module. The US proceeded with unpiloted test launches of the Saturn V launch vehicle (Apollo 4 and Apollo 6) and the Lunar Module (Apollo 5) during the latter half of 1967 and early 1968. Apollo 1's mission to check out the Apollo Command/Service Module in Earth orbit was accomplished by Grissom's backup crew commanded by Walter Schirra on Apollo 7, launched on October 11, 1968. The eleven-day mission was a total success, as the spacecraft performed a virtually flawless mission, paving the way for the United States to continue with its lunar mission schedule.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Hibes Montes", "paragraph_text": "Hibes Montes is a mountain range on the planet Mars. The name \"Hibes Montes\"is a classical albedo name. It has a diameter of . This was approved by International Astronomical Union in 1985.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "2015 Monte Carlo Rally", "paragraph_text": "The 2015 Monte Carlo Rally (formally known as the 83ème Rallye Automobile Monte-Carlo) was a motor racing event for rally cars that was held over four days between 22 and 25 January 2015. It marked the eighty-third running of the Monte Carlo Rally, and was the first round of the 2015 World Rally Championship, WRC-2, WRC-3, Junior World Rally Championship and FIA R-GT Cup seasons.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "USA-225", "paragraph_text": "A Minotaur I carrier rocket was used to launch USA-225, flying from Space Launch Complex 8 of the Vandenberg Air Force Base. The launch of was originally scheduled for March 2011; however, it was subsequently moved forwards to 5 February. During the attempt to launch on 5 February 2011, a transmitter malfunctioned, and the launch attempt was scrubbed. Another attempt was scheduled for the next day. At 12:26 on 6 February 2011, the Minotaur lifted off, carrying USA-225 into orbit. The launch was conducted by Orbital Sciences Corporation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Happy Days (TV theme)", "paragraph_text": "``Happy Days ''Single by Pratt & McClain from the album Pratt & McClain Featuring Happy Days Released 1976 Format Vinyl, 7``, Single Recorded 1976 Genre Rock, Stage & Screen Length 2: 40 Label Reprise Records Songwriter (s) Charles Fox, Norman Gimbel Producer (s) Steve Barri, Michael Omartian Pratt & McClain singles chronology ``String Module Error: Match not found'' (1976)`` Happy Days ''(1976) ``Devil with a Blue Dress On'' (1976)`` Whachersign ''(1976) ``Happy Days'' (1976)`` Devil with a Blue Dress On ''(1976)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Camille Blanc", "paragraph_text": "Camille Blanc (1847 in Paris – 1927), was a French municipal leader, with many interests in Monaco. From 1904 to 1925 he was founding mayor of Beausoleil, a town adjacent to Monte Carlo, which had previously formed part of La Turbie and had been known as Monte-Carlo-Supérieur.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "NOAA-4", "paragraph_text": "NOAA-4, also known as ITOS-G was a weather satellite operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). It was part of a series of satellites called ITOS, or improved TIROS. NOAA-4 was launched on a Delta rocket on November 15, 1974. The launch carried two other satellites: AMSAT-OSCAR 7 and Intasat. It remained operational for 1463 days until it was deactivated by NOAA on November 18, 1978.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Voyager 1", "paragraph_text": "Voyager 1 is a space probe launched by NASA on September 5, 1977. Part of the Voyager program to study the outer Solar System, Voyager 1 launched 16 days after its twin, Voyager 2. Having operated for 40 years, 7 months and 4 days as of April 9, 2018, the spacecraft still communicates with the Deep Space Network to receive routine commands and return data. At a distance of 141 AU (2.11 × 10 km), approximately 21 billion kilometers (13 billion miles) from the Sun as of January 2, 2018, it is the farthest spacecraft and man - made object from Earth.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Giulio Salvadori", "paragraph_text": "Giulio Salvadori (Monte San Savino, 14 September 1862 - Rome, 7 October 1928) was an Italian poet, literary critic, and educator.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "AsiaSat 6", "paragraph_text": "AsiaSat 6 / Thaicom 7 is a geostationary communications satellite which is operated by the Asia Satellite Telecommunications Company (AsiaSat) and was launched into orbit on 7 September 2014.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Monte di Tremezzo", "paragraph_text": "Monte di Tremezzo is a mountain of the Lugano Prealps in Lombardy, Italy. It is the highest summit of a ridge just south of Porlezza commune, lying between Lake Lugano and Lake Como. Due to its modest height (by alpine standards) it is a relatively easy mountain to climb, but due to its great prominence it rewards its climbers with stunning views across the lakes, and over to the High Alps - mountains as far away as Finsteraarhorn, Dom and Monte Leone can be seen on a clear day.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "STS-38", "paragraph_text": "STS-38 was a Space Shuttle mission by NASA using the Space Shuttle \"Atlantis\". It was the 37th shuttle mission, and carried a classified payload for the U.S. Department of Defense. It was the 7th flight for \"Atlantis\" and the 7th flight dedicated to the Department of Defense. The mission was a 4-day mission that traveled more than 2 million miles and completed 79 revolutions. \"Atlantis\" landed at Kennedy Space Center's Shuttle Landing Facility's runway 33. The launch was originally scheduled for July 1990, but was rescheduled due to a hydrogen leak found on during the STS-35 countdown. During a rollback to the Orbiter Processing Facility \"Atlantis\" was damaged during a hail storm. The eventual launch date of 15 November 1990 was set due to a payload problem. The launch window was between 18:30 and 22:30 EST. The launch occurred at 18:48 EST.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Mars 7", "paragraph_text": "Mars 7 was launched by a Proton-K carrier rocket with a Blok D upper stage, flying from Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 81/24. The launch occurred at 17:00:17 UTC on 9 August 1973, with the first three stages placing the spacecraft and upper stage into a low Earth parking orbit before the Blok D fired to propel Mars 7 into heliocentric orbit bound for Mars. The spacecraft performed a course correction on 16 August 1973.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Space Race", "paragraph_text": "The United States launched three more Mercury flights after Glenn's: Aurora 7 on May 24, 1962 duplicated Glenn's three orbits; Sigma 7 on October 3, 1962, six orbits; and Faith 7 on May 15, 1963, 22 orbits (32.4 hours), the maximum capability of the spacecraft. NASA at first intended to launch one more mission, extending the spacecraft's endurance to three days, but since this would not beat the Soviet record, it was decided instead to concentrate on developing Project Gemini.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Monte Mario Observatory", "paragraph_text": "The Monte Mario Observatory (Sede di Monte Mario, literally \"Monte Mario Site\") is an astronomical observatory and is part of the Rome Observatory (Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma). It is located atop of Monte Mario in Rome, Italy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Earth Day", "paragraph_text": "In 1969 at a UNESCO Conference in San Francisco, peace activist John McConnell proposed a day to honor the Earth and the concept of peace, to first be celebrated on March 21, 1970, the first day of spring in the northern hemisphere. This day of nature's equipoise was later sanctioned in a proclamation written by McConnell and signed by Secretary General U Thant at the United Nations. A month later a separate Earth Day was founded by United States Senator Gaylord Nelson as an environmental teach - in first held on April 22, 1970. Nelson was later awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom award in recognition of his work. While this April 22 Earth Day was focused on the United States, an organization launched by Denis Hayes, who was the original national coordinator in 1970, took it international in 1990 and organized events in 141 nations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Navstar 7", "paragraph_text": "Navstar 7 was launched at 01:10 UTC on 19 December 1981, atop an Atlas E/F carrier rocket with an SGS-1 upper stage. The Atlas used had the serial number 76E, and was originally built as an Atlas E. The launch took place from Space Launch Complex 3E at Vandenberg Air Force Base.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Mont Brouillard", "paragraph_text": "Mont Brouillard (4,069 m) is a mountain in the Mont Blanc massif in the Val d'Aosta, Italy, being a satellite peak on the south ridge of Mont Blanc.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Bollywood Times", "paragraph_text": "The channel launched on November 28, 2011 on Bell Fibe TV as Bollywood Times exclusively in high definition (HD). The channel launched on Rogers Cable only days later in December 2011 in both HD and standard definition.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Eugénie Smet", "paragraph_text": "Blessed Eugénie Smet A.P. (25 March 1825 in Lille – 7 February 1871), also known as sœur Marie de la Providence, was a French nun who founded the Society of the Helpers of the Holy Souls in 1856. Her feast day is 7 February.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 132261, "question": "Where is Hibes Montes found?", "answer": "Mars", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 }, { "id": 156169, "question": "What day was #1 7 launched?", "answer": "9 August 1973", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Barthélemy Boganda", "paragraph_text": "Barthélemy Boganda (4 April 1910 – 29 March 1959) was the leading nationalist politician of what is now the Central African Republic. Boganda was active prior to his country's independence, during the period when the area, part of French Equatorial Africa, was administered by France under the name of Oubangui-Chari. He served as the first Prime Minister of the Central African Republic autonomous territory.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Kingdom of Butua", "paragraph_text": "The Kingdom of Butua or Butwa (c. 1450 - 1683) was a pre-colonial African state located in what is now southwestern Zimbabwe. Butua was renowned as the source of gold for Arab and Portuguese traders. The region was first mentioned in Portuguese records in 1512.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Louis Germain-Martin", "paragraph_text": "Louis Germain-Martin (7 November 1872, Le Puy-en-Velay, Haute-Loire – 4 October 1948, Paris) was an Independent Radical French politician. He was Minister of Post and Telecommunications in the government of André Tardieu, and later a Budget Minister, before serving three times as Finance minister for much of the first half of the 1930s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "BRICS", "paragraph_text": "In 2010, South Africa began efforts to join the BRIC grouping, and the process for its formal admission began in August of that year. South Africa officially became a member nation on 24 December 2010, after being formally invited by China to join and subsequently accepted by other BRIC countries. The group was renamed BRICS – with the \"S\" standing for South Africa – to reflect the group's expanded membership. In April 2011, the President of South Africa, Jacob Zuma, attended the 2011 BRICS summit in Sanya, China, as a full member.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Norfolk Island", "paragraph_text": "The Assembly consisted of nine seats, with electors casting nine equal votes, of which no more than two could be given to any individual candidate. It is a method of voting called a \"weighted first past the post system\". Four of the members of the Assembly formed the Executive Council, which devised policy and acted as an advisory body to the Administrator. The last Chief Minister of Norfolk Island was Lisle Snell. Other ministers included: Minister for Tourism, Industry and Development; Minister for Finance; Minister for Cultural Heritage and Community Services; and Minister for Environment.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Minister of Finance (India)", "paragraph_text": "The first Finance Minister of independent India was R.K. Shanmukham Chetty, who also presented its first Budget. The incumbent Arun Jaitley, of the Bharatiya Janata Party, has held office since 26 May 2014. As of September 2017, Morarji Desai has presented 10 budgets which is the highest followed by P Chidambaram's 9 and Pranab Mukherjee's 8. Yashwant Sinha, Yashwantrao Chavan and C.D. Deshmukh have presented 7 budgets each while Manmohan Singh and T.T. Krishnamachari have presented 6 budgets. As of February 2018, four Finance Ministers have gone on to become the Prime Minister who are: Morarji Desai, Charan Singh, V.P. Singh and Manmohan Singh.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Leslie Delatour", "paragraph_text": "Leslie Delatour (1950–2001) was a Haitian economist who served as governor of the Bank of Haiti and Haiti's finance minister.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "P. K. Le Roux", "paragraph_text": "Pieter Mattheus Kruger Le Roux, generally known as P. K. Le Roux (11 November 1904 – 23 June 1985) was a South African National Party politician who served as a Cabinet minister between 1958 and 1968, first as Minister of Water Affairs and Agricultural Technical Services and latterly as Minister of the Interior.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Ahmet Uzun", "paragraph_text": "Ahmet Uzun is the Minister of Finance in the Government of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, a non-recognized state. He was appointed to this portfolio in the TRNC Government of Prime Minister Ferdi Sabit Soyer on April 28, 2005.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Prime minister", "paragraph_text": "The United Kingdom's constitution, being uncodified and largely unwritten, makes no mention of a prime minister. Though it had de facto existed for centuries, its first mention in official state documents did not occur until the first decade of the twentieth century. Accordingly, it is often said \"not to exist\", indeed there are several instances of parliament declaring this to be the case. The prime minister sits in the cabinet solely by virtue of occupying another office, either First Lord of the Treasury (office in commission), or more rarely Chancellor of the Exchequer (the last of whom was Balfour in 1905).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana", "paragraph_text": "Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana is a government - backed Life insurance scheme in India. It was originally mentioned in the 2015 Budget speech by Finance Minister Arun Jaitley in February 2015. It was formally launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 9 May in Kolkata. As of May 2015, only 20% of India's population has any kind of insurance, this scheme aims to increase the number.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Minister of Finance (India)", "paragraph_text": "Minister of Finance Emblem of India Incumbent Arun Jaitley since 26 May 2014 Ministry of Finance Style The Honourable Member of Cabinet Cabinet Committee on Security Appointer President on the advice of the Prime Minister Inaugural holder Liaquat Ali Khan Formation 29 October 1946", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Namibia", "paragraph_text": "Compared to neighbouring countries, Namibia has a large degree of media freedom. Over the past years, the country usually ranked in the upper quarter of the Press Freedom Index of Reporters without Borders, reaching position 21 in 2010, being on par with Canada and the best-positioned African country. The African Media Barometer shows similarly positive results.[citation needed] However, as in other countries, there is still mentionable influence of representatives of state and economy on media in Namibia. In 2009, Namibia dropped to position 36 on the Press Freedom Index. In 2013, it was 19th. In 2014 it ranked 22nd", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Bobangui", "paragraph_text": "Bobangui (or Bougangui) is a large M'Baka village in Lobaye, Central African Republic, located at the edge of the equatorial forest some southwest of the capital, Bangui. The first Prime Minister of the Central African Republic, Barthélemy Boganda, the first President of the Central African Republic, David Dacko, and the emperor of the Central African Empire, Jean-Bédel Bokassa, were from Bobanqui.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "François-Xavier Joseph de Casabianca", "paragraph_text": "François-Xavier Joseph de Casabianca (27 June 1796 – 24 May 1881) was a French aristocrat, lawyer and politician who served as Minister of Agriculture and Commerce, Minister of Finance and then", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Minister of Finance (Sri Lanka)", "paragraph_text": "Minister of Finance of Sri Lanka Incumbent Mangala Samaraweera since 22 May 2017 Ministry of Finance and Planning Appointer The President with advice of Prime Minister Inaugural holder Junius Richard Jayewardene Formation 26 September 1947 Website www.treasury.gov.lk", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Love Brewed in the African Pot", "paragraph_text": "Love Brewed in the African Pot is a 1980 Ghanaian film directed by Kwaw Ansah. It was reportedly the first privately financed Ghanaian feature film.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Minister of State Security (South Africa)", "paragraph_text": "The Minister of State Security (formerly the Minister of Intelligence Services) is a Minister of the South African government, who oversees South Africa's civilian intelligence agencies. the Minister of State Security is Ayanda Dlodlo.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Sam Rainsy", "paragraph_text": "Sam Rainsy's father, Sam Sary, had served as a minister in the education, planning and finance portfolios before becoming a Deputy Prime Minister in Sihanouk's government in the 1950s. Sam Rainsy's mother, In Em, was said to be the first Cambodian woman to have completed the Baccalauréat exam. Sam Sary fled the country in 1959 when Sam Rainsy was ten for suspected involvement in the Bangkok Plot, while his mother was thrown into prison. Sam Rainsy's grandfather, Sam Nhean had served as the President of the Royal Council of Cambodia and was a prominent member of the Democratic Party in the 1940s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "António Sebastião Spínola", "paragraph_text": "António Sebastião Spínola (Machico, Porto da Cruz, 13 July 1875 – Machico, Porto da Cruz, 19 March 1956) was an Inspector General of Finances and Chief of Cabinet of the Finance Minister Professor Oliveira Salazar and afterwards of Finance Minister Professor João Pinto da Costa Leite, 4th Conde de Lumbrales, Councilor and Administrator of the \"Fundação da Casa de Bragança\", etc.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 159025, "question": "What African country is mentioned first?", "answer": "South Africa", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 }, { "id": 82551, "question": "whose the minister of finance in #1", "answer": "Nhlanhla Nene", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "List of governors of Puerto Rico", "paragraph_text": "No Portrait Name (Birth -- Death) Took office Left office Party Affiliation within U.S. politics Luis Muñoz Marín (1898 -- 1980) 2 January 1949 2 January 1965 Popular Democratic Party Independent Roberto Sánchez Vilella (1913 -- 1997) 2 January 1965 2 January 1969 Popular Democratic Party Democrat Luis A. Ferré (1904 -- 2003) 2 January 1969 2 January 1973 New Progressive Party Republican Rafael Hernández Colón (1936 --) 2 January 1973 2 January 1977 Popular Democratic Party Democrat 5 Carlos Romero Barceló (1932 --) 2 January 1977 2 January 1985 New Progressive Party Democrat 6 Rafael Hernández Colón (1936 --) 2 January 1985 2 January 1993 Popular Democratic Party Democrat 7 Pedro Rosselló (1944 --) 2 January 1993 2 January 2001 New Progressive Party Democrat 8 Sila María Calderón (1942 --) 2 January 2001 2 January 2005 Popular Democratic Party Democrat 9 Aníbal Acevedo Vilá (1962 --) 2 January 2005 2 January 2009 Popular Democratic Party Democrat 10 Luis Fortuño Burset (1960 --) 2 January 2009 2 January 2013 New Progressive Party Republican 11 Alejandro García Padilla (1971 --) 2 January 2013 2 January 2017 Popular Democratic Party Democrat 12 Dr. Ricardo Rosselló (1979 --) 2 January 2017 present New Progressive Party Democrat", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Luis Daniel Rivera", "paragraph_text": "Luis Daniel Rivera Filomeno is a Puerto Rican politician from the Popular Democratic Party (PPD). Rivera was elected to the Senate of Puerto Rico in 2012.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "José Luis Astiazarán", "paragraph_text": "José Luis Astiazarán Iriondo (born 31 October 1963) is a Spanish lawyer specializing in sport and commercial and civil law, and between 2005 and 2013 president of the Liga de Fútbol Profesional.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Visa requirements for New Zealand citizens", "paragraph_text": "Visa requirements for New Zealand citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of New Zealand. As of 1 January 2017, New Zealand citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 172 countries and territories, ranking the New Zealand passport 5th in terms of travel freedom (tied with Irish and Japanese passports) according to the Henley visa restrictions index.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Germans", "paragraph_text": "Sport forms an integral part of German life, as demonstrated by the fact that 27 million Germans are members of a sports club and an additional twelve million pursue such an activity individually. Football is by far the most popular sport, and the German Football Federation (Deutscher Fußballbund) with more than 6.3 million members is the largest athletic organisation in the country. It also attracts the greatest audience, with hundreds of thousands of spectators attending Bundesliga matches and millions more watching on television.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Soccer in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Soccer in the United States is governed by the United States Soccer Federation. The organization governs most levels of soccer in the country, including the national teams, professional leagues, and the amateur game with the exception of colleges and high schools. As of May 2015, over 24.4 million people play soccer in the United States. In 2017, Gallup reported that soccer was the third-most played team sport in the U.S., behind only basketball and American football. The popularity of the sport in the U.S. has been growing since the 1960s and 1970s, and received a significant boost when the United States hosted the 1994 FIFA World Cup and 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup. It is the fourth most popular sport in the United States behind American football, baseball and basketball, and is the second fastest growing sport in America, surpassed only by lacrosse.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Prince Jacob", "paragraph_text": "Prince Jacob (born 16 July 1960; full name: Miguel Jacob Carmo Luis Fernandes) is a popular Konkani language tiatrist and singer from India. He is \"the most Famous man in Goan Konkani Comedy\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Molinari's", "paragraph_text": "Molinari Delicatessen is a delicatessen in San Francisco, California's North Beach, established in 1896, making it one of the oldest delis in the United States. They make their own brand of salami, as P.G. Molinari and Sons, Inc, which is sold nationwide, and which won a gold medal award in Italy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Luis Mariano", "paragraph_text": "Luis Mariano Eusebio González García (13 August 1914 – 14 July 1970), also known as Luis Mariano, was a popular tenor of Spanish origin who achieved celebrity in 1946 with « La belle de Cadix » (« The Beautiful Lady of Cadix ») an operetta by Francis Lopez. He appeared in the 1954 film \"Adventures of the Barber of Seville\" and \"Le Chanteur de Mexico\" (1957) and became popular in France as well as his native Spain.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Luis Molinari", "paragraph_text": "Luis Molinari (1929 in Guayaquil, Ecuador – 1994 in Quito, Ecuador) (Luis Molinari-Flores) was a member of the VAN Group (Vanguardia Artística Nacional), a collective of informal constructivist artists founded by Enrique Tábara and Aníbal Villacís.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Vatican Cricket Team", "paragraph_text": "The Vatican Cricket Team is an amateur cricket team established by the Vatican to help establish ties between the Catholic Church and countries and regions where the sport is popular including India and the Caribbean and to encourage inter-faith dialogue.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Cuba", "paragraph_text": "Due to historical associations with the United States, many Cubans participate in sports that are popular in North America, rather than sports traditionally played in other Latin American nations. Baseball is the most popular. Other sports and pastimes include football, basketball, volleyball, cricket, and athletics. Cuba is a dominant force in amateur boxing, consistently achieving high medal tallies in major international competitions. Cuban boxers are not permitted to turn professional by their government. However, many boxers defect to the U.S. and other countries. Cuba also provides a national team that competes in the Olympic Games.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Alberto Molinari", "paragraph_text": "Alberto Molinari (born Rome, April 14, 1965) is an Italian actor, producer, and director, mainly of documentary films. He made his debut in the 1988 film \"Un bel dì vedremo\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Sport in Ecuador", "paragraph_text": "Sports in Ecuador influence the culture and its people. Futbol the most popular sport, followed by baseball, volleyball, basketball, and tennis.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Urheilulehti", "paragraph_text": "Urheilulehti is a popular weekly Finnish sports magazine. It is the second oldest sports journal in the World (after Italian \"La Gazzetta dello Sport\").", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Sports in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Sports in the United States are an important part of American culture. Based on revenue, the four major professional sports leagues in the United States are Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Basketball Association (NBA), the National Football League (NFL), and the National Hockey League (NHL). The market for professional sports in the United States is roughly $69 billion, roughly 50% larger than that of all of Europe, the Middle East, and Africa combined. Major League Soccer (MLS) is sometimes included in a ``top five ''of leagues of the country. All four enjoy wide - ranging domestic media coverage and are considered the preeminent leagues in their respective sports in the world, although American football does not have a substantial following in other nations. Three of those leagues have teams that represent Canadian cities, and all four are the most financially lucrative sports leagues of their sport. American football is the most popular sport in the United States followed by basketball, baseball, and soccer. Tennis, golf, wrestling, auto racing, arena football, field lacrosse, box lacrosse and volleyball are also popular sports in the country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Sports in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Sports in the United States are an important part of American culture. Based on revenue, the four major professional sports leagues in the United States are Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Basketball Association (NBA), the National Football League (NFL), and the National Hockey League (NHL). The market for professional sports in the United States is roughly $69 billion, roughly 50% larger than that of all of Europe, the Middle East, and Africa combined. Major League Soccer (MLS) is sometimes included in a ``top five ''of leagues of the country. All four enjoy wide - ranging domestic media coverage and are considered the preeminent leagues in their respective sports in the world, although only basketball, baseball, and ice hockey have substantial followings in other nations. Three of those leagues have teams that represent Canadian cities, and all four are the most financially lucrative sports leagues of their sport. American football is the most popular sport in the United States followed by basketball, baseball, and soccer. Tennis, golf, wrestling, auto racing, arena football, field lacrosse, box lacrosse and volleyball are also popular sports in the country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Sports in Canada", "paragraph_text": "Ice hockey, referred to as simply ``hockey '', is Canada's most prevalent winter sport, its most popular spectator sport, and its most successful sport in international competition. It is Canada's official national winter sport. Lacrosse, a sport with Indigenous origins, is Canada's oldest and official summer sport. Canadian football is Canada's second most popular spectator sport, being the most popular in the prairie provinces. The Canadian Football League's annual championship, the Grey Cup, is one of the country's largest annual sports events. While other sports have a larger spectator base, Association football, known in Canada as soccer in both English and French, has the most registered players of any team sport in Canada. Professional teams exist in many cities in Canada. Statistics Canada reports that the top ten sports that Canadians participate in are golf, ice hockey, swimming, soccer, basketball, baseball, volleyball, skiing (downhill and alpine), cycling and tennis.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Sports in the United States", "paragraph_text": "The most popular team sports in the United States are American football, basketball, baseball / softball, ice hockey, and soccer (association football). All five of these team sports are popular with fans, are widely watched on television, have a fully professional league, are played by millions of Americans, enjoy varsity status at many Division I colleges, and are played in high schools throughout the country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "American football", "paragraph_text": "Europe is a major target for expansion of the game by football organizers. In the United Kingdom in the 1980s, the sport was fairly popular, with the 1986 Super Bowl being watched by over 4 million people (about 1 out of every 14 Britons). The sport's popularity faded over the 1990s, coinciding with the establishment of the Premier League. According to BBC America, there is a ``social stigma ''surrounding American football in the UK, with many Brits feeling the sport has no right to call itself 'football' due to the small emphasis on kicking. Nonetheless, the sport has retained a following in the United Kingdom; the NFL operates a media network in the country, and since 2007 has hosted the NFL International Series in London. Super Bowl viewership has also rebounded, with over 4.4 million Britons watching Super Bowl XLVI.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 102175, "question": "Of which country is Luis Molinari a citizen?", "answer": "Ecuador", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 }, { "id": 73755, "question": "what is the most popular sport in #1", "answer": "Futbol", "paragraph_support_idx": 13 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Cricket World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The World Cup is open to all members of the International Cricket Council (ICC), although the highest - ranking teams receive automatic qualification. The remaining teams are determined via the World Cricket League and the ICC World Cup Qualifier. A total of twenty teams have competed in the eleven editions of the tournament, with fourteen competing in the latest edition in 2015; the next edition in 2019 will have only ten teams. Australia has won the tournament five times, with the West Indies, India (twice each), Pakistan and Sri Lanka (once each) also having won the tournament. The best performance by a non-full - member team came when Kenya made the semi-finals of the 2003 tournament. The tournament is the worlds 4th biggest sporting event behind the FIFA World Cup, Summer Olympics and the Rugby World Cup.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Arsenal F.C.", "paragraph_text": "Arsenal's tally of 13 League Championships is the third highest in English football, after Manchester United (20) and Liverpool (18), and they were the first club to reach 8 League Championships. They hold the highest number of FA Cup trophies, 12. The club is one of only six clubs to have won the FA Cup twice in succession, in 2002 and 2003, and 2014 and 2015. Arsenal have achieved three League and FA Cup \"Doubles\" (in 1971, 1998 and 2002), a feat only previously achieved by Manchester United (in 1994, 1996 and 1999). They were the first side in English football to complete the FA Cup and League Cup double, in 1993. Arsenal were also the first London club to reach the final of the UEFA Champions League, in 2006, losing the final 2–1 to Barcelona.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Laura Aladro", "paragraph_text": "María Laura Aladro (born 17 January 1983) is an Argentine field hockey player. She won the 2010 World Cup with the Argentina national team. Laura also won three Champions Trophy (2009, 2010, 2014), the World League 2014-15 and the Pan American Cup in 2009.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Italy v West Germany (1970 FIFA World Cup)", "paragraph_text": "The semi-final of the 1970 FIFA World Cup between Italy and West Germany is known as the \"Game of the Century\" (Spanish: Partido del Siglo; Italian: Partita del secolo; German: Jahrhundertspiel). It was played on 17 June 1970 at the Estadio Azteca in Mexico City. Italy won 4–3 after five goals were scored in extra time, a record number of scored goals during any 2x15 minute extra time during a FIFA World Cup game. The record is still standing after the 2018 World Cup. Four goals in extra time were scored in the 1982 semifinal between West Germany and France.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Liverpool F.C.", "paragraph_text": "Liverpool's first trophy was the Lancashire League, which it won in the club's first season. In 1901, the club won its first League title, while its first success in the FA Cup was in 1965. In terms of the number of trophies won, Liverpool's most successful decade was the 1980s, when the club won six League titles, two FA Cups, four League Cups, five Charity Shields (one shared) and two European Cups.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Nigeria", "paragraph_text": "Football is largely considered the Nigeria's national sport and the country has its own Premier League of football. Nigeria's national football team, known as the \"Super Eagles\", has made the World Cup on five occasions 1994, 1998, 2002, 2010, and most recently in 2014. In April 1994, the Super Eagles ranked 5th in the FIFA World Rankings, the highest ranking achieved by an African football team. They won the African Cup of Nations in 1980, 1994, and 2013, and have also hosted the U-17 & U-20 World Cup. They won the gold medal for football in the 1996 Summer Olympics (in which they beat Argentina) becoming the first African football team to win gold in Olympic Football.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Japan", "paragraph_text": "Baseball is currently the most popular spectator sport in the country. Japan's top professional league, now known as Nippon Professional Baseball, was established in 1936 and is widely considered to be the highest level of professional baseball in the world outside of the North American Major Leagues. Since the establishment of the Japan Professional Football League in 1992, association football has also gained a wide following. Japan was a venue of the Intercontinental Cup from 1981 to 2004 and co-hosted the 2002 FIFA World Cup with South Korea. Japan has one of the most successful football teams in Asia, winning the Asian Cup four times. Also, Japan recently won the FIFA Women's World Cup in 2011. Golf is also popular in Japan, as are forms of auto racing like the Super GT series and Formula Nippon. The country has produced one NBA player, Yuta Tabuse.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "2008 World Cup (men's golf)", "paragraph_text": "The 2008 Omega Mission Hills World Cup took place from 27 November to 30 November at Mission Hills Golf Club in Shenzhen, China. It was the 54th World Cup. 28 countries competed and each country sent two players. The team purse was $5,000,000 with $1,600,000 going to the winner. The Swedish team of Robert Karlsson and Henrik Stenson won the tournament. This was the second time that Sweden won the World Cup.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "2002 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2002 FIFA World Cup was the 17th staging of the FIFA World Cup which took place from 31 May to 30 June 2002 in South Korea and Japan. This world cup set a number of precedents. It was the first World Cup to be held in Asia. No previous World Cup was held on a continent other than Europe or the Americas. It was also the first World Cup to be jointly hosted by more than one nation. Finally, this was the last event to use the golden goal rule. Brazil won the tournament for a record fifth time, winning the final against Germany 2 -- 0. The victory meant Brazil qualified for the 2005 FIFA Confederations Cup for the fifth time, representing the World. In the third place play - off match against South Korea, Turkey won 3 -- 2 taking third place in only their second ever FIFA World Cup finals. China PR, Ecuador, Senegal and Slovenia made their first appearances at the finals.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "2015 FIFA Women's World Cup Final", "paragraph_text": "The 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup Final was a women's association football match that took place on 5 July 2015 at BC Place, in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, to determine the winner of the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup. It was played between Japan and the United States, in a rematch of the 2011 final. The stakes were high for both sides: if the United States won the match, it would be the only country to have won in three Women's World Cup finals; if Japan had won instead, then it would be the first football team, men's or women's, to win twice under the same coach (Norio Sasaki for Japan) since Vittorio Pozzo led Italy to victory in the 1934 World Cup and the 1938 World Cup. Ultimately, the United States won 5–2, winning its first title in 16 years and becoming the first team to win three Women's World Cup finals.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Craig Watson (triathlete)", "paragraph_text": "Watson competed at the first Olympic triathlon at the 2000 Summer Olympics. He took sixteenth place with a total time of 1:50:01.16. In 2001 he placed 3rd at the World Championships at Edmonton, Canada. He also won the ITU World Cup race in Rennes, France and for a time was ranked number one in the world.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "2013 Africa Cup of Nations", "paragraph_text": "The 2013 Africa Cup of Nations, also known as the Orange Africa Cup of Nations South Africa 2013 for sponsorship reasons, held from 19 January to 10 February 2013, was the 29th Africa Cup of Nations, the football championship of Africa organized by the Confederation of African Football (CAF). Starting from this edition, the tournament was switched to being held in odd-numbered years instead of even-numbered years so that it does not clash with the FIFA World Cup.South Africa hosted the tournament for the second time, after previously hosting the 1996 African Cup of Nations. The 2013 tournament is the highest attended edition of the Africa Cup of Nations under the current, 16-team format. The South African team was eliminated in the quarter-finals by Mali, following a penalty shoot-out. Zambia were the defending champions, but were eliminated in the group stage.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Arsenal F.C.", "paragraph_text": "Arsenal was the first club from the south of England to join The Football League, in 1893. They entered the First Division in 1904, and have since accumulated the second most points. Relegated only once, in 1913, they continue the longest streak in the top division. In the 1930s, Arsenal won five League Championships and two FA Cups, and another FA Cup and two Championships after the war. In 1970–71, they won their first League and FA Cup Double. Between 1988 and 2005, they won five League titles and five FA Cups, including two more Doubles. They completed the 20th century with the highest average league position.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "History of the Argentina national football team", "paragraph_text": "Since its establishment, the Argentina national team has appeared in five FIFA World Cup finals, including the first final in 1930, 1978 (when the team won its first World Cup) beating the Netherlands), the 1986 (winning its second World Cup after defeating West Germany), 1990 and 2014.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "1950 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 1950 FIFA World Cup, held in Brazil from 24 June to 16 July 1950, was the fourth FIFA World Cup. It was the first World Cup since 1938, the planned 1942 and 1946 competitions having been cancelled due to World War II. It was won by Uruguay, who had won the inaugural competition in 1930. They clinched the cup by beating the hosts Brazil 2–1 in the deciding match of the four-team final group. This was the only tournament not decided by a one-match final. It was also the first tournament where the trophy was referred to as the Jules Rimet Cup, to mark the 25th anniversary of Jules Rimet's presidency of FIFA.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Mexico national football team", "paragraph_text": "Mexico has qualified to sixteen World Cups and has qualified consecutively since 1994, making it one of six countries to do so. The Mexico national team, along with Brazil are the only two nations to make it out of the group stage over the last seven World Cups. Along with Germany, Brazil, Italy, Argentina, France, Spain and Uruguay, Mexico is one of eight nations to have won two of the three most important football tournaments (the World Cup, Confederations Cup, and Summer Olympics), having won the 1999 FIFA Confederations Cup and the 2012 Summer Olympics.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Kabaddi in India", "paragraph_text": "India has won all six Kabaddi world cups played till now. Iran is the three times runner - up of world cups. All the world cups were held in India.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 21 World Cup tournaments have been won by eight national teams. Brazil have won five times, and they are the only team to have played in every tournament. The other World Cup winners are Germany and Italy, with four titles each; Argentina, France and inaugural winner Uruguay, with two titles each; and England and Spain with one title each.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Under-19 Cricket World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The ICC Under - 19 Cricket World Cup is an international cricket tournament organised by the International Cricket Council (ICC) contested by national under - 19 teams. First contested in 1988, as the Youth World Cup, it was not staged again until 1998. Since then, the World Cup has been held as a biennial event, organised by the ICC. The first edition of the tournament had only eight participants, but every subsequent edition has included sixteen teams. India, the current champions, has won the World Cup four times which is the highest amongst all teams, while Australia has won thrice, Pakistan twice and England, South Africa, and the West Indies once each. Two other teams -- New Zealand and Sri Lanka -- have made a tournament final without going on to win.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "JS Kabylie", "paragraph_text": "JS Kabylie has won the Algerian Ligue Professionnelle 1 title 14 times and the Algerian Cup 5 times. The club has also won a number of African titles, including the CAF Champions League twice, the African Cup Winners' Cup once and the CAF Cup.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 64129, "question": "who won the most number of world cups", "answer": "Brazil", "paragraph_support_idx": 17 }, { "id": 25092, "question": "What is the highest court in #1 ?", "answer": "Supreme Federal Tribunal (Supremo Tribunal Federal)", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Julian calendar", "paragraph_text": "The Julian calendar, proposed by Julius Caesar in 46 BC (708 AUC), was a reform of the Roman calendar. It took effect on 1 January 45 BC (AUC 709), by edict. It was the predominant calendar in the Roman world, most of Europe, and in European settlements in the Americas and elsewhere, until it was refined and gradually replaced by the Gregorian calendar, promulgated in 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII. The Julian calendar gains against the mean tropical year at the rate of one day in 128 years. For the Gregorian the figure is one day in 3,030 years. The difference in the average length of the year between Julian (365.25 days) and Gregorian (365.2425 days) is 0.002%.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Muslim world", "paragraph_text": "The Solar Hijri calendar, also called the Shamsi Hijri calendar, and abbreviated as SH, is the official calendar of Iran and Afghanistan. It begins on the vernal equinox. Each of the twelve months corresponds with a zodiac sign. The first six months have 31 days, the next five have 30 days, and the last month has 29 days in usual years but 30 days in leap years. The year of Prophet Muhammad's migration to Medina (622 CE) is fixed as the first year of the calendar, and the New Year's Day always falls on the March equinox.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Gregorian calendar", "paragraph_text": "The Gregorian calendar is a solar calendar. A regular Gregorian year consists of 365 days, but as in the Julian calendar, in a leap year, a leap day is added to February. In the Julian calendar a leap year occurs every 4 years, but the Gregorian calendar omits 3 leap days every 400 years. In the Julian calendar, this leap day was inserted by doubling 24 February, and the Gregorian reform did not change the date of the leap day. In the modern period, it has become customary to number the days from the beginning of the month, and February 29th is often considered as the leap day. Some churches, notably the Roman Catholic Church, delay February festivals after the 23rd by one day in leap years.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Most Holy Name of the Blessed Virgin Mary", "paragraph_text": "The Feast of the Most Holy Name of the Blessed Virgin Mary is an optional memorial celebrated in the liturgical calendar of the Catholic Church on 12 September. It has been a universal Roman Rite feast since 1684, when Pope Innocent XI included it in the General Roman Calendar to commemorate the victory at the Battle of Vienna in 1683. It was removed from the Church calendar in the liturgical reform following Vatican II but restored by Pope Saint John Paul II in 2002, along with the Feast of the Holy Name of Jesus.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Gregorian calendar", "paragraph_text": "A month after having decreed the reform, the pope with a brief of 3 April 1582 granted to Antonio Lilio, the brother of Luigi Lilio, the exclusive right to publish the calendar for a period of ten years. The Lunario Novo secondo la nuova riforma printed by Vincenzo Accolti, one of the first calendars printed in Rome after the reform, notes at the bottom that it was signed with papal authorization and by Lilio (Con licentia delli Superiori... et permissu Ant(onii) Lilij). The papal brief was later revoked, on 20 September 1582, because Antonio Lilio proved unable to keep up with the demand for copies.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Middle Ages", "paragraph_text": "During the tumultuous 14th century, disputes within the leadership of the Church led to the Avignon Papacy of 1305–78, also called the \"Babylonian Captivity of the Papacy\" (a reference to the Babylonian captivity of the Jews), and then to the Great Schism, lasting from 1378 to 1418, when there were two and later three rival popes, each supported by several states. Ecclesiastical officials convened at the Council of Constance in 1414, and in the following year the council deposed one of the rival popes, leaving only two claimants. Further depositions followed, and in November 1417 the council elected Martin V (pope 1417–31) as pope.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Gregorian calendar", "paragraph_text": "The Gregorian calendar is internationally the most widely used civil calendar. It is named after Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in October 1582.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Time", "paragraph_text": "Artifacts from the Paleolithic suggest that the moon was used to reckon time as early as 6,000 years ago. Lunar calendars were among the first to appear, either 12 or 13 lunar months (either 354 or 384 days). Without intercalation to add days or months to some years, seasons quickly drift in a calendar based solely on twelve lunar months. Lunisolar calendars have a thirteenth month added to some years to make up for the difference between a full year (now known to be about 365.24 days) and a year of just twelve lunar months. The numbers twelve and thirteen came to feature prominently in many cultures, at least partly due to this relationship of months to years. Other early forms of calendars originated in Mesoamerica, particularly in ancient Mayan civilization. These calendars were religiously and astronomically based, with 18 months in a year and 20 days in a month.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Avignon Papacy", "paragraph_text": "Following the strife between Philip IV of France and Pope Boniface VIII and the death of his successor Benedict XI after eight months in office, a deadlocked conclave elected Clement V, a Frenchman, as Pope in 1305. Clement declined to move to Rome, remaining in France, and in 1309, he moved his court to the papal enclave at Avignon, where it remained for the next 67 years. The absence from Rome is sometimes referred to as the ``Babylonian Captivity of the Papacy ''. A total of seven popes reigned at Avignon; all were French, and they increasingly fell under the influence of the French Crown. On September 13, 1376, Gregory XI abandoned Avignon and moved his court to Rome (arriving on January 17, 1377), ending the Avignon Papacy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Gregorian calendar", "paragraph_text": "The Gregorian reform contained two parts: a reform of the Julian calendar as used prior to Pope Gregory XIII's time and a reform of the lunar cycle used by the Church, with the Julian calendar, to calculate the date of Easter. The reform was a modification of a proposal made by Aloysius Lilius. His proposal included reducing the number of leap years in four centuries from 100 to 97, by making 3 out of 4 centurial years common instead of leap years. Lilius also produced an original and practical scheme for adjusting the epacts of the moon when calculating the annual date of Easter, solving a long-standing obstacle to calendar reform.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Late Middle Ages", "paragraph_text": "The French crown's increasing dominance over the Papacy culminated in the transference of the Holy See to Avignon in 1309. When the Pope returned to Rome in 1377, this led to the election of different popes in Avignon and Rome, resulting in the Papal Schism (1378–1417). The Schism divided Europe along political lines; while France, her ally Scotland and the Spanish kingdoms supported the Avignon Papacy, France's enemy England stood behind the Pope in Rome, together with Portugal, Scandinavia and most of the German princes.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Pope", "paragraph_text": "The pope's official seat or cathedral is the Archbasilica of St. John Lateran, and his official residence is the Apostolic Palace. He also possesses a summer residence at Castel Gandolfo, situated on the site of the ancient city of Alba Longa. Until the time of the Avignon Papacy, the residence of the pope was the Lateran Palace, donated by the Roman emperor Constantine the Great.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Avignon Papacy", "paragraph_text": "The Avignon Papacy was the period from 1309 to 1376 during which seven successive popes resided in Avignon (then in the Kingdom of Arles, part of the Holy Roman Empire, now in France) rather than in Rome. The situation arose from the conflict between the papacy and the French crown, culminating in the death of Pope Boniface VIII after his arrest and maltreatment by Philip IV of France. Following the further death of Pope Benedict XI, Philip forced a deadlocked conclave to elect the French Clement V as pope in 1305. Clement refused to move to Rome, and in 1309 he moved his court to the papal enclave at Avignon, where it remained for the next 67 years. This absence from Rome is sometimes referred to as the \"Babylonian Captivity of the Papacy\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Avignon Papacy", "paragraph_text": "Clement V declined to move to Rome, remaining in France, and in 1309, he moved his court to the papal enclave at Avignon, where it remained for the next 67 years. The absence from Rome is sometimes referred to as the ``Babylonian Captivity of the Papacy ''. A total of seven popes reigned at Avignon; all were French, and they increasingly fell under the influence of the French Crown. On September 13, 1376, Gregory XI abandoned Avignon and moved his court to Rome (arriving on January 17, 1377), ending the Avignon Papacy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Gregorian calendar", "paragraph_text": "The Gregorian calendar is the most widely used civil calendar in the world. It is named after Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in October 1582. The calendar spaces leap years to make the average year 365.2425 days long, approximating the 365.2422 day tropical year that is determined by the Earth's revolution around the Sun. The rule for leap years is as follows:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Chinese New Year", "paragraph_text": "Chinese New Year, also known as the Spring Festival in modern China, is an important Chinese festival celebrated at the turn of the traditional lunisolar Chinese calendar. It is one of several Lunar New Years in Asia. Celebrations traditionally run from the evening preceding the first day, to the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first calendar month. The first day of the New Year falls on the new moon between January 21 and February 20 In 2018, the first day of the Lunar New Year was on Friday, 16 February, initiating the year of the Dog.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Chinese New Year", "paragraph_text": "Chinese New Year,, usually known as the Spring Festival in modern China, is an important Chinese festival celebrated at the turn of the traditional lunisolar Chinese calendar. It is one of several Lunar New Years in Asia. Celebrations traditionally run from the evening preceding the first day, to the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first calendar month. The first day of the New Year falls on the new moon between January 21 and February 20 In 2018, the first day of the Lunar New Year was on Friday, 16 February, initiating the year of the Dog.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Gregorian calendar", "paragraph_text": "The Gregorian calendar is the most widely used civil calendar in the world. It is named after Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in October 1582. The calendar spaces leap years to make the average year 365.2425 days long, approximating the 365.2422 day tropical year that is determined by the Earth's rotation around the Sun. The rule for leap years is as follows:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Julian calendar", "paragraph_text": "The Julian calendar has a regular year of 365 days divided into 12 months, as listed in the table below. A leap day is added to February every four years. The Julian year is, therefore, on average 365.25 days long. It was intended to approximate the tropical (solar) year. Although Greek astronomers had known, at least since Hipparchus, a century before the Julian reform, that the tropical year was slightly shorter than 365.25 days, the calendar did not compensate for this difference. As a result, the calendar year gains about three days every four centuries compared to observed equinox times and the seasons. This discrepancy was corrected by the Gregorian reform of 1582. The Gregorian calendar has the same months and month lengths as the Julian calendar, but, in the Gregorian calendar, years evenly divisible by 100 are not leap years, except that years evenly divisible by 400 remain leap years. Consequently -- since 16 February Julian / 1 March 1900 Gregorian and until 15 February Julian / 28 February 2100 Gregorian -- the Julian calendar is currently 13 days behind the Gregorian calendar.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Julian calendar", "paragraph_text": "The Julian calendar, proposed by Julius Caesar in 708 AUC (46 BC/BCE), was a reform of the Roman calendar. It took effect on 1 January 709 AUC (45 BC/BCE), by edict. It was the predominant calendar in the Roman world, most of Europe, and in European settlements in the Americas and elsewhere, until it was gradually replaced by the Gregorian calendar, promulgated in 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 13058, "question": "Where were the first calendars printed?", "answer": "Rome", "paragraph_support_idx": 4 }, { "id": 21544, "question": "In what year did the Pope return to #1 from Avignon?", "answer": "1377", "paragraph_support_idx": 10 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "History of the Los Angeles Rams", "paragraph_text": "The Los Angeles Rams are a professional American football team that play in the National Football League (NFL). The Rams franchise was founded in 1936 as the Cleveland Rams in the short - lived second American Football League before joining the NFL the next year. In 1946, the franchise moved to Los Angeles. The Rams franchise remained in the metro area until 1994, when they moved to St. Louis, and were known as the St. Louis Rams from 1995 to 2015. The Rams franchise returned to Los Angeles in 2016. This article chronicles the franchise's history during their time in Los Angeles, from playing at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum between 1946 and 1979, to playing at Anaheim Stadium (now known as Angel Stadium of Anaheim) in Anaheim from 1980 to 1994, and its return to Southern California beginning with the 2016 season.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Los Angeles Chargers", "paragraph_text": "The Los Angeles Chargers are a professional American football team based in the Greater Los Angeles Area. The Chargers compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the league's American Football Conference (AFC) West division. The team was founded on August 14, 1959 and began play on September 10, 1960 as a charter member of the American Football League (AFL), and spent its first season in Los Angeles, before moving to San Diego in 1961 to become the San Diego Chargers. The Chargers joined the NFL as result of the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970, and played their home games at SDCCU Stadium. The return of the Chargers to Los Angeles was announced for the 2017 season, just one year after the Rams had moved back to the city from St. Louis. The Chargers will play their home games at the StubHub Center until the opening in 2020 of the Los Angeles Stadium at Hollywood Park, which they will share with the Rams.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Super Bowl XIV", "paragraph_text": "Super Bowl XIV was an American football game between the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Los Angeles Rams and the American Football Conference (AFC) champion Pittsburgh Steelers to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 1979 season. The Steelers defeated the Rams by the score of 31–19, becoming the first team to win four Super Bowls. The game was played on January 20, 1980, at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena, California, and was attended by a Super Bowl record 103,985 spectators. This also became the first Super Bowl where the game was coincidentally played in the home market of one of the participants, as Pasadena is about northeast of Downtown Los Angeles. It was the last time the Rams made the Super Bowl while based in Los Angeles until LIII in 2018.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum", "paragraph_text": "The Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum is an American outdoor sports stadium located in the Exposition Park neighborhood of Los Angeles, California, United States. The stadium serves as the home to the University of Southern California (USC) Trojans football team, and as the temporary home of the Los Angeles Rams of the National Football League (NFL). The Coliseum was home to the Rams from 1946 to 1979, when they moved to Anaheim Stadium in Anaheim, California, and is serving as their home stadium again until the completion of Los Angeles Stadium at Hollywood Park in Inglewood, California. The facility has a permanent seating capacity of 93,607 for USC football and Rams games, making it the largest football stadium in the Pac - 12 Conference and the NFL.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Jeremy Staat", "paragraph_text": "Jeremy Ray Staat (born October 10, 1976) is a former American football defensive end who played for the Pittsburgh Steelers from 1998 and the St. Louis Rams for two games in 2003. He also played for the Los Angeles Avengers arena football team. He is a United States Marine, and has served in Iraq.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Gobonyeone Selefa", "paragraph_text": "Gobonyeone Selefa is a Botswanan footballer who currently plays for Mochudi Centre Chiefs. He has won two caps for the Botswana national football team.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Chief of the Los Angeles Police Department", "paragraph_text": "Chief of the City of Los Angeles Police Department Seal of the LAPD Flag of the Chief of the LAPD Incumbent Charles L. Beck since November 9, 2009 (2009 - 11 - 09) Los Angeles Police Department Style Chief of Police Member of Los Angeles City Council Seat Los Angeles County, California, U.S. Appointer Mayor of Los Angeles Inaugural holder Jacob F. Gerkens Formation December 18, 1876 Salary $307,291 Website (1)", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Bill Goldberg", "paragraph_text": "Goldberg earned a scholarship to play for the University of Georgia Bulldogs football team where he served as a defensive tackle. He was taken by the Los Angeles Rams in the 11th round, with the 302nd overall selection, in the 1990 NFL draft.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum", "paragraph_text": "The Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum is an American outdoor sports stadium located in the Exposition Park neighborhood of Los Angeles, California, United States. The stadium serves as the home to the University of Southern California (USC) Trojans football team of the Pac - 12 Conference. It is also the temporary home of the Los Angeles Rams of the National Football League (NFL). The Coliseum was home to the Rams from 1946 to 1979, when they moved to Anaheim Stadium in Anaheim, and is serving as their home stadium again until the completion of Los Angeles Stadium at Hollywood Park in Inglewood. The facility had a permanent seating capacity of 93,607 for USC football and Rams games, making it the largest football stadium in the Pac - 12 Conference and the NFL. USC, which operates and manages the Coliseum, began a major renovation of the stadium in early 2018. During the renovation project the seating capacity will be 78,467. Once USC completes the renovation in 2019, the seating capacity will be 77,500.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Trent Green", "paragraph_text": "Trent Jason Green (born July 9, 1970) is a former American football quarterback who played in the National Football League (NFL) for fifteen seasons. He played college football for Indiana University. He was drafted by the San Diego Chargers in the eighth round of the 1993 NFL Draft, and also played for the BC Lions, Washington Redskins, St. Louis Rams, Kansas City Chiefs and Miami Dolphins. He earned a Super Bowl ring with the Rams in Super Bowl XXXIV over the Tennessee Titans and was selected to two Pro Bowls with the Chiefs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Super Bowl XXXVI", "paragraph_text": "Super Bowl XXXVI was an American football game between the National Football Conference (NFC) champion St. Louis Rams and the American Football Conference (AFC) champion New England Patriots to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 2001 season. The Patriots defeated the Rams by the score of 20 -- 17. It was New England's first Super Bowl championship, and the franchise's first league championship of any kind, having suffered two previous losses. The game was also notable for snapping the AFC East's long streak of not being able to win a Super Bowl championship, as the division's teams had lost eight Super Bowls in total (prior to the Patriots victory in XXXVI).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "History of the St. Louis Rams", "paragraph_text": "The professional American football franchise now known as the Los Angeles Rams played in St. Louis, Missouri, as the St. Louis Rams from the 1995 through the 2015 seasons. The Rams franchise relocated from Los Angeles to St. Louis in 1995, which had been without a National Football League (NFL) team since the Cardinals moved to Phoenix, Arizona, in 1988. The Rams' first home game in St. Louis was at Busch Memorial Stadium against the New Orleans Saints on September 10, 1995, before the Trans World Dome (later the Edward Jones Dome, and now known as The Dome at America's Center) was completed for their November 12 game against the Carolina Panthers. Their last game played at the Edward Jones Dome in St. Louis was against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers on December 17, 2015, which they won, 31 -- 23. The Rams' last game as a St. Louis - based club was on January 3, 2016, against the San Francisco 49ers at Levi's Stadium, where they lost in overtime 19 -- 16.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 12, "title": "2017 Los Angeles Chargers season", "paragraph_text": "The 2017 Los Angeles Chargers season is the franchise's 48th season in the National Football League (NFL), the 58th overall and the first under head coach Anthony Lynn. It will also be the Chargers' first season in Los Angeles since their inaugural 1960 season, when they were in the AFL, as the team exercised its option to move to the city and join the Los Angeles Rams on January 12, 2017. The 2017 season will be the first of three seasons played at StubHub Center prior to the new stadium being completed.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Rodney McLeod", "paragraph_text": "Rodney McLeod Jr. (born June 23, 1990) is an American football safety for the Philadelphia Eagles of the National Football League (NFL). McLeod played college football for the University of Virginia and signed with the St. Louis Rams (the now Los Angeles Rams) as an undrafted free agent in 2012.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Nick Foles", "paragraph_text": "Nicholas Edward Foles (born January 20, 1989) is an American football quarterback for the Philadelphia Eagles of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Arizona, and was drafted by the Eagles in the third round of the 2012 NFL Draft. He has also played for the St. Louis Rams and Kansas City Chiefs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Oakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas", "paragraph_text": "The Oakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas was a successful effort by the owner of the Oakland Raiders (Mark Davis) to relocate the American football club from its current and longtime home of Oakland, California to Las Vegas, Nevada. The team is scheduled to begin play as the Las Vegas Raiders for the 2020 National Football League (NFL) season (although a move to Las Vegas could happen as soon as 2019 with Sam Boyd Stadium), playing home games at the Las Vegas Stadium. NFL team owners voted 31 -- 1 to approve the move, which was announced at the annual league meetings in Phoenix, Arizona on March 27, 2017. The Raiders became the third NFL franchise to relocate in the 2010s, following the Rams' move from St. Louis, Missouri to Los Angeles, California on January 12, 2016, and the Chargers' move from San Diego, California to Los Angeles on January 12, 2017. The Raiders' move to Las Vegas comes after years of failed efforts to renovate or replace the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum, which has been rated by multiple sources as one of the worst stadiums in the NFL.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Ralph Pampena", "paragraph_text": "Ralph Pampena (1934-December 15, 2012) was a longtime Pittsburgh Police leader, who served as Pittsburgh Police Chief from May 22, 1987 – May 17, 1990. He was a 22-year veteran of the Pittsburgh Police upon taking the oath of Chief. During 1986-1987 he briefly retired from the force serving as Police Chief of Carnegie Mellon University.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Nick Foles", "paragraph_text": "Nicholas Edward Foles (born January 20, 1989) is an American football quarterback for the Philadelphia Eagles of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Arizona and was drafted by the Eagles in the third round of the 2012 NFL Draft. He has also played for the St. Louis Rams and Kansas City Chiefs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Zootopia", "paragraph_text": "Idris Elba as Chief Bogo, an African buffalo who is the police chief of the Zootopia Police Department's 1st Precinct.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Armanizam Dolah", "paragraph_text": "Armanizam Dolah is a Singaporean footballer who played for Woodlands Wellington FC in the S.League. He is the team captain of the Rams. He currently works at Marina Bay Sands.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 78268, "question": "where are the rams football team moving to", "answer": "Los Angeles", "paragraph_support_idx": 11 }, { "id": 60108, "question": "who is the chief of police of #1", "answer": "Charles L. Beck", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Playa Balandra", "paragraph_text": "Playa Balandra is a beach located on the Baja California Sur peninsula of Mexico in La Paz. It is located on the Eastern side of the peninsula, but faces west, as the southern tip comes up.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Coffee production in India", "paragraph_text": "Coffee production in India is dominated in the hill tracts of South Indian states, with Karnataka accounting for 71%, followed by Kerala with 21% and Tamil Nadu (5% of overall production with 8,200 tonnes). Indian coffee is said to be the finest coffee grown in the shade rather than direct sunlight anywhere in the world. There are about 250,000 coffee growers in the country; 98% of them are small growers. As of 2009, Indian coffee made up just 4.5% of the global production. Almost 80% of Indian coffee is exported; 70% is bound for Germany, Russia, Spain, Belgium, Slovenia, United States, Japan, Greece, Netherlands and France. Italy accounts for 29% of the exports. Most of the export is shipped through the Suez Canal.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Wellington", "paragraph_text": "Wellington / ˈwɛlɪŋtən / (Māori: Te Whanganui - a-Tara) is the capital city and second most populous urban area of New Zealand, with 405,000 residents. It is at the south - western tip of the North Island, between Cook Strait and the Rimutaka Range. Wellington is the major population centre of the southern North Island and is the administrative centre of the Wellington Region, which also includes the Kapiti Coast and Wairarapa. It is the world's windiest city, with an average wind speed of over 26 km / h, and the world's southernmost capital of a sovereign state.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Eugster/Frismag", "paragraph_text": "Eugster/Frismag AG, headquartered in Amriswil, Switzerland, is an OEM producer of home appliances, especially coffee machines which are sold under many well-known international brand names. Eugster/Frismag manufactures around 20% of all Nestle machines as well as other machines for brands such as Jura, Koenig, Melitta, Moulinex, or Turmix. The annual production totals 5 million coffee machines. Alongside Saeco, Eugster/Frismag is one of the world's largest producers of coffee machines.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Amundsen Sea", "paragraph_text": "The Amundsen Sea, an arm of the Southern Ocean off Marie Byrd Land in western Antarctica, lies between Cape Flying Fish (the northwestern tip of Thurston Island) to the east and Cape Dart on Siple Island to the west. Cape Flying Fish marks the boundary between the Amundsen Sea and the Bellingshausen Sea. West of Cape Dart there is no named marginal sea of the Southern Ocean between the Amundsen and Ross Seas. The Norwegian expedition of 1928–1929 under Captain Nils Larsen named the body of water for the Norwegian polar explorer Roald Amundsen while exploring this area in February 1929.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Kopi luwak", "paragraph_text": "Kopi luwak (Indonesian pronunciation: (ˈkopi ˈlu. aʔ)), or civet coffee, is coffee that includes part - digested coffee cherries eaten and defecated by the Asian palm civet (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "First Mass in the Philippines", "paragraph_text": "The first Catholic Mass in the Philippines was held on March 31, 1521, Easter Sunday. It was said by Father Pedro de Valderrama along the shores of Limasawa at the tip of Southern Leyte. Limasawa is this popularly known as the birthplace of the Church in the Philippines.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Centurion Card", "paragraph_text": "Jerry Seinfeld claimed in a 2018 episode of his web show ``Comedians in Cars Getting Coffee ''(with guest John Mulaney) that American Express began issuing the Black Card after Seinfeld asked the Amex president about it, and that Seinfeld (who was their ad pitchman) was given the first one.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Café Coffee Day", "paragraph_text": "Coffee Day Global Limited Cafe Coffee Day logo Trading name Café Coffee Day Type Subsidiary of Coffee Day Enterprises Limited Traded as BSE: 539436 NSE: COFFEEDAY (parent company) ISIN INE335K01011 Industry Coffeehouse Founded 1996; 22 years ago (1996) Headquarters Coffee Day Square, Vittal Mallya Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India Number of locations 1,556 (17 October 2015) Area served India, Austria, Czech Republic, Malaysia and Egypt Key people V.G. Siddhartha (Chairman) Products Coffee Tea Pastries cappuccino beverages Smoothies Revenue ₹13.26 billion (US $210 million) (2015) Number of employees 5000 + Parent Coffee Day Enterprises Limited Subsidiaries Café Emporio Coffee Day Fresh 'n Ground Coffee Day Xpress Coffee Day Take Away Coffee Day Exports Coffee Day Perfect Coffee Day Beverages Website www.cafecoffeeday.com", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Cape James", "paragraph_text": "Cape James is a cape which forms the southern tip of Smith Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The name appears on a chart based upon the 1828–31 British naval expedition under Captain Henry Foster, and is now well established in international usage.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "New Amsterdam", "paragraph_text": "New Amsterdam (Dutch: Nieuw Amsterdam) was a 17th - century Dutch settlement established at the southern tip of Manhattan Island that served as the seat of the colonial government in New Netherland. The factorij became a settlement outside Fort Amsterdam. The fort was situated on the strategic southern tip of the island of Manhattan and was meant to defend the fur trade operations of the Dutch West India Company in the North River (Hudson River). In 1624, it became a provincial extension of the Dutch Republic and was designated as the capital of the province in 1625.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Comedians in Cars Getting Coffee", "paragraph_text": "Comedians in Cars Getting Coffee is an American web series talk show directed and hosted by comedian Jerry Seinfeld, distributed for the first nine seasons by digital network Crackle, then moving to Netflix for season ten (2018). The series premiered on July 19, 2012.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Kopi luwak", "paragraph_text": "Although kopi luwak is a form of processing rather than a variety of coffee, it has been called one of the most expensive coffees in the world with retail prices reaching €550 / US $700 per kilogram. The price of farmed (considered low - grade by connoisseurs) kopi luwak in large Indonesian supermarkets is from US $100 per kilogram (five times the price of a high quality local arabica coffee).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "South Korea", "paragraph_text": "South Korea occupies the southern portion of the Korean Peninsula, which extends some 1,100 km (680 mi) from the Asian mainland. This mountainous peninsula is flanked by the Yellow Sea to the west, and the Sea of Japan to the east. Its southern tip lies on the Korea Strait and the East China Sea.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Jabur", "paragraph_text": "Jabur, alternately Jabor (Chinese: 雅姆), is a small town in the southern tip of Terengganu, Malaysia. It is situated in Kemaman constituency, near the Terengganu-Pahang border.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Belousov Point", "paragraph_text": "Belousov Point () is an ice-covered headland forming the southern tip of the Anderson Peninsula, located just north of the terminus of Suvorov Glacier, situated in Victoria Land, Antarctica. The geographical headland was first mapped by the Soviet Antarctic Expedition of 1958 and named for the Soviet polar captain Mikhail P. Belousov, 1904–46. The headland lies on the Pennell Coast, a portion of Antarctica lying between Cape Williams and Cape Adare.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Metropolis Coffee Company", "paragraph_text": "Metropolis Coffee Company is a coffee roasting company, wholesaler and retailer with locations at 1039 W. Granville Avenue and 3057 N. Rockwell Avenue in Chicago, Illinois. The company supplies coffee to hundreds of cafes and restaurants throughout the US, Canada, and Korea. In 2005, they were named by \"Newcity\" as the best place in Chicago to buy coffee beans and noted for their donation of $2 to Oxfam for Tsunami for each pound of beans purchased. Metropolis is also a back-to-back winner of the Good Food Awards, and winner of Roast Magazine's Roaster of the Year - A national roasting competition.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Cape Jones", "paragraph_text": "Cape Jones () is the cape lying immediately southeast of Mount Lubbock and marking the southern tip of the Daniell Peninsula in Victoria Land, Antarctica. It was discovered in January 1841 by Sir James Clark Ross who named it for Captain William Jones, Royal Navy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Strecker's chorus frog", "paragraph_text": "Strecker's chorus frog (\"Pseudacris strecker\") is a species of nocturnal tree frog native to the south central United States, from southern Kansas, through Oklahoma and east to Arkansas, the northwestern tip of Louisiana and south throughouth much of Texas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Diane Coffee", "paragraph_text": "Diane Coffee is the stage name of musician and actor Shaun Fleming from Agoura Hills, California, United States. Diane Coffee released his debut LP \"My Friend Fish\" on October 29, 2013, via record label Western Vinyl.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 65690, "question": "where does most of the world get its coffee", "answer": "Africa", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 85374, "question": "what is the name of the southern tip of #1", "answer": "Cape Agulhas", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Gerry Organ", "paragraph_text": "Gerry Organ (born December 4, 1944) is a former professional Canadian football placekicker and punter for the Ottawa Rough Riders of the Canadian Football League. He played for 13 seasons for the Rough Riders, playing in three Grey Cup games, winning two championships in 1973 and 1976. Organ played in 176 games in the CFL and is Ottawa's all-time leader in points scored with 1,462. He is the only kicker to have won the CFL's Most Outstanding Canadian Award, which he won in 1973. He played college football with the Guelph Gryphons.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Josue Matías", "paragraph_text": "Josue Matías (born January 6, 1993) is a former gridiron football guard who last played for the Ottawa Redblacks. He played college football at Florida State. Upon signing with the Tennessee Titans in 2015, he became the first Dominican-born player in the NFL.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Roger Perdrix", "paragraph_text": "Roger Perdrix (born June 17, 1943) was a Canadian football player who played for the Ottawa Rough Riders. He won the Grey Cup in 1968, 1969, and 1973. He previously played college football at the University of Cincinnati.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Johnny da Silva Araújo", "paragraph_text": "Johnny da Silva Araújo or simply Johnny (born February 19, 1987 in Rio de Janeiro), is a Brazilian footballer, who currently plays for Atlético Monte Azul.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Leonard Weaver", "paragraph_text": "Leonard Toney Weaver III (born September 23, 1982) is a former American football fullback who last played for the Philadelphia Eagles of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for Carson-Newman College. He was signed by the Seattle Seahawks as an undrafted free agent in 2005, and has also played for the Philadelphia Eagles. He retired from the NFL in 2013.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "2018 Rose Bowl", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 Rose Bowl was a college football bowl game between the Oklahoma Sooners and the Georgia Bulldogs, played on January 1, 2018 at the Rose Bowl stadium in Pasadena, California. The 104th Rose Bowl Game was a semifinal for the College Football Playoff (CFP), matching two of the top four teams selected by the system's selection committee. Georgia and Oklahoma competed for a spot at the 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship game, to be played on January 8, 2018 at Mercedes - Benz Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia. The Georgia Bulldogs won the game with a 27 - yard run by Sony Michel, shortly after Lorenzo Carter blocked Oklahoma Sooners' field goal attempt in the second overtime. The game lasted four hours and five minutes. With 26.8 million viewers on ESPN, the game ranked as the fifth most - viewed cable program of all time.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Tedy Bruschi", "paragraph_text": "Tedy Lacap Bruschi (; born June 9, 1973) is a former professional American football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL) for thirteen seasons. He played college football for the University of Arizona, and was a two-time consensus All-American. He was drafted by the New England Patriots in the third round of the 1996 NFL Draft, and played his entire professional career with the Patriots. Bruschi won three Super Bowls and was a two-time All-Pro selection.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Johnny Rodgers", "paragraph_text": "Johnny Steven Rodgers (born July 5, 1951) is an American former gridiron football player. He played college football at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln, where he won the Heisman Trophy in 1972. Rodgers played professionally in the Canadian Football League (CFL) with the Montreal Alouettes and in the National Football League (NFL) with the San Diego Chargers. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 2000.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Ovie Mughelli", "paragraph_text": "Ovie Phillip Mughelli (born June 10, 1980) is a former American football fullback who last played for the Atlanta Falcons of the National Football League (NFL). After playing college football for Wake Forest University, he was drafted in the fourth round of the 2003 NFL Draft by the Baltimore Ravens.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "2008 Tonga Major League", "paragraph_text": "The 2008 season of the Tonga Major League was the 30th season of top flight association football competition in Tonga. Lotohaʻapai United won the championship for the eleventh time, the last championship won in a record streak of 11 titles in the Tonga Major League.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "2002 Rose Bowl", "paragraph_text": "The 2002 Rose Bowl, played on January 3, 2002, was a college football bowl game. It was the 88th Rose Bowl game and was the BCS National Championship Game of the 2001 college football season. The game featured the Miami Hurricanes and the Nebraska Cornhuskers, marking the first time since the 1919 Rose Bowl, and only the third time in the game's history, that neither the Big Ten nor the Pac - 10 Conferences had a representative in this game. The Hurricanes won the game, 37 -- 14, for their fifth national title. Miami quarterback Ken Dorsey and wide receiver Andre Johnson were named the Rose Bowl Players of the Game.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Alvin Walton", "paragraph_text": "Alvin Earl Walton (born March 14, 1964) is a former American football safety in the National Football League (NFL) for the Washington Redskins and the Baltimore Stallions of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He played college football at Mt. San Jacinto College and the University of Kansas. Walton is among a select group who have won both an NFL and CFL championship.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Rich Karlis", "paragraph_text": "Richard John Karlis (born May 23, 1959) is a former American Football placekicker who played nine seasons for the Denver Broncos, Minnesota Vikings, and Detroit Lions in the National Football League from 1982 to 1990. He played college football at the University of Cincinnati and is known as the last of the field goal kickers who kicked barefoot full-time in the NFL.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Gerald Nesbitt", "paragraph_text": "Gerald Nesbitt (born June 8, 1932) was a Canadian football player who played for the Ottawa Rough Riders. He won the Grey Cup with them in 1960. He played college football for the University of Arkansas Razorbacks.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Montana", "paragraph_text": "In presidential elections, Montana was long classified as a swing state, though the state has voted for the Republican candidate in all but two elections from 1952 to the present. The state last supported a Democrat for president in 1992, when Bill Clinton won a plurality victory. Overall, since 1889 the state has voted for Democratic governors 60 percent of the time and Democratic presidents 40 percent of the time, with these numbers being 40/60 for Republican candidates. In the 2008 presidential election, Montana was considered a swing state and was ultimately won by Republican John McCain, albeit by a narrow margin of two percent.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Politics of Texas", "paragraph_text": "From 1848 until Richard M. Nixon's victory in 1972, Texas voted for the Democratic candidate for president in every election except 1928, when it did not support Catholic Al Smith. The state had a white majority and Democrats re-established their dominance after the Civil War. In the mid-20th century 1952 and 1956 elections, the state voters joined the landslide for Dwight D. Eisenhower. (Texas did not vote in 1864 and 1868 due to the Civil War and Reconstruction).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Doug Specht", "paragraph_text": "Doug Specht (born February 7, 1942) was a Canadian football player who played for the Ottawa Rough Riders. He won the Grey Cup in 1968 and 1969. Specht was voted Eastern Conference All-Star in 1966. He previously played college football at Brigham Young University on a football scholarship. In 2006, Specht was inducted into the Windsor-Essex County Sports Hall of Fame. He has remained an Ottawa resident since his playing career and is a long time respected Bailiff in the region.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Jarrett Bush", "paragraph_text": "Jarrett Lee Bush (born May 21, 1984) is an American football cornerback who is currently a free agent. He was originally signed by the Carolina Panthers as an undrafted free agent in 2006, but was claimed by the Green Bay Packers as a waiver-wire pickup following the 2006 preseason and has played through the 2014 regular season. With Green Bay, Bush won Super Bowl XLV over the Pittsburgh Steelers. Bush also played for the Calgary Stampeders of the Canadian Football League. He played college football at Utah State and American River College.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "John McCambridge", "paragraph_text": "John Raymond McCambridge (born August 30, 1944) was an American and Canadian football player who played for the Ottawa Rough Riders and Detroit Lions. He won the Grey Cup with Ottawa in 1969. He previously played college football at Northwestern University.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Javon Ringer", "paragraph_text": "Javon Eugene Ringer (born February 2, 1987) is an American football running back who last played for the Tennessee Titans of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for Michigan State University, and was drafted in the fifth round of the 2009 NFL draft.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 92918, "question": "who did johnny manziel play college football for", "answer": "Texas A&M", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 62145, "question": "when was the last time a democrat won #1", "answer": "1972", "paragraph_support_idx": 15 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Human Rights Act 1998", "paragraph_text": "The Human Rights Act 1998 (c42) is an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom which received Royal Assent on 9 November 1998, and mostly came into force on 2 October 2000. Its aim was to incorporate into UK law the rights contained in the European Convention on Human Rights. The Act makes a remedy for breach of a Convention right available in UK courts, without the need to go to the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) in Strasbourg.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "International human rights law", "paragraph_text": "In 2006, the United Nations Commission on Human Rights was replaced with the United Nations Human Rights Council for the enforcement of international human rights law.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen", "paragraph_text": "The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen Painting of the Declaration, painted by Jean - Jacques - François Le Barbier Author General Lafayette, (sometimes with Thomas Jefferson) and Honoré Mirabeau. Country Kingdom of France Language French Genre Human rights, declaration and document. Publisher National Constituent Assembly Publication date 27 August 1789", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Truth serum", "paragraph_text": "the European Court of Human Rights arguing that use of a truth serum could be considered a violation of a human right to be free from degrading treatment, or could be considered a form of torture. It has been noted to be a violation of the Inter-American Convention to Prevent and Punish Torture.\"Truth serum\" was abused against psychotic patients as part of old, discredited practices of psychiatry and is no longer used. In a therapeutic context, the controlled administration of intravenous hypnotic medications is called \"narcosynthesis\" or \"narcoanalysis\". Such application was first documented by Dr. William Bleckwenn. Reliability and suggestibility of patients are concerns, and the practice of chemically inducing an involuntary mental state is now widely considered to be a form of torture.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Convention on the Rights of the Child", "paragraph_text": "Convention on the Rights of the Child Parties to the convention Only signed, but not ratified Non-signatory Signed 20 November 1989 Location New York City Effective 2 September 1990 Condition 20 ratifications Signatories 140 Parties 196 (all eligible states except the United States) Depositary UN Secretary - General Languages Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, Spanish UN Convention on the Rights of the Child at Wikisource", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Human Rights Act 1998", "paragraph_text": "The Human Rights Act places a duty on all courts and tribunals in the United Kingdom to interpret legislation so far as possible in a way compatible with the rights laid down in the European Convention on Human Rights (section 3 (1)). Where this is not possible, the court may issue a ``declaration of incompatibility ''. The declaration does not invalidate the legislation, but permits the amendment of the legislation by a special fast - track procedure under section 10 of the Act. As of August 2006, 20 declarations had been made, of which six were overturned on appeal.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Human rights in the Philippines", "paragraph_text": "The Philippines is a signatory to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) drafted by the United Nations (UN) in the 1948. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted, alongside the Genocide Convention and the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, by the United Nations in response to the tragic and horrendous violations of human rights during the Second World War. The United Nations Charter, a treaty, was created in order to define what roles, powers, and duties the United Nations is allowed to practice in dealing with international relations. Article I of the UN Charter states that the UN aims:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "European Convention on Human Rights", "paragraph_text": "The European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) (formally the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms) is an international treaty to protect human rights and fundamental freedoms in Europe. Drafted in 1950 by the then newly formed Council of Europe, the convention entered into force on 3 September 1953. All Council of Europe member states are party to the Convention and new members are expected to ratify the convention at the earliest opportunity.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Inter-American Court of Human Rights", "paragraph_text": "The Organization of American States established the Court in 1979 to enforce and interpret the provisions of the American Convention on Human Rights. Its two main functions are thus adjudicatory and advisory. Under the former, it hears and rules on the specific cases of human rights violations referred to it. Under the latter, it issues opinions on matters of legal interpretation brought to its attention by other OAS bodies or member states.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Right to family life", "paragraph_text": "The right to family life is the right of all individuals to have their established family life respected, and to have and maintain family relationships. This right is recognised in a variety of international human rights instruments, including Article 16 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 23 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "European Union law", "paragraph_text": "None of the original treaties establishing the European Union mention protection for fundamental rights. It was not envisaged for European Union measures, that is legislative and administrative actions by European Union institutions, to be subject to human rights. At the time the only concern was that member states should be prevented from violating human rights, hence the establishment of the European Convention on Human Rights in 1950 and the establishment of the European Court of Human Rights. The European Court of Justice recognised fundamental rights as general principle of European Union law as the need to ensure that European Union measures are compatible with the human rights enshrined in member states' constitution became ever more apparent. In 1999 the European Council set up a body tasked with drafting a European Charter of Human Rights, which could form the constitutional basis for the European Union and as such tailored specifically to apply to the European Union and its institutions. The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union draws a list of fundamental rights from the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, the Declaration on Fundamental Rights produced by the European Parliament in 1989 and European Union Treaties.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness", "paragraph_text": "``Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness ''is a well - known phrase in the United States Declaration of Independence. The phrase gives three examples of the`` unalienable rights'' which the Declaration says have been given to all human beings by their creator, and which governments are created to protect.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Caryl M. Stern", "paragraph_text": "Caryl M. Stern (born October 30, 1957) is an American author, child advocate, civil and human rights activist, and non-profit executive.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Universal Declaration of Human Rights", "paragraph_text": "The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly at its 3rd session on 10 December 1948 as Resolution 217 at the Palais de Chaillot in Paris, France. Of the then 58 members of the United Nations, 48 voted in favor, none against, eight abstained, and two did n't vote.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities", "paragraph_text": "The Convention follows the civil law tradition, with a preamble, in which the principle that ``all human rights are universal, indivisible, interdependent and interrelated ''of Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action is cited, followed by 50 articles. Unlike many UN covenants and conventions, it is not formally divided into parts.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Human Rights Day", "paragraph_text": "The date was chosen to honour the United Nations General Assembly's adoption and proclamation, on 10 December 1948, of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), the first global enunciation of human rights and one of the first major achievements of the new United Nations. The formal establishment of Human Rights Day occurred at the 317th Plenary Meeting of the General Assembly on 4 December 1950, when the General Assembly declared resolution 423(V), inviting all member states and any other interested organizations to celebrate the day as they saw fit.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "History of human rights", "paragraph_text": "While belief in the sanctity of human life has ancient precedents in many religions of the world, the idea of modern human rights began during the era of renaissance humanism in the early modern period. The European wars of religion and the civil wars of seventeenth - century England gave rise to the philosophy of liberalism and belief in human rights became a central concern of European intellectual culture during the eighteenth - century Age of Enlightenment. These ideas of human rights lay at the core of the American and French Revolutions which occurred toward the end of that century. Democratic evolution through the nineteenth century paved the way for the advent of universal suffrage in the twentieth century. Two world wars led to the creation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "David Cingranelli", "paragraph_text": "David Cingranelli is a professor of Political Science at Binghamton University. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Pennsylvania in 1977. He conducts global, comparative, econometric research examining the causes and consequences of variation in government respect for various human rights. His 2007 book with Rodwan Abouharb, \"Human Rights and Structural Adjustment,\" demonstrated the negative human rights impacts of World Bank and IMF program lending in developing countries. His current research examines how constitutional design and other factors can provide incentives to politicians to enact policies protecting human rights including labor rights. He is a former president of the Human Rights Section of the American Political Science Association. Until 2013, he served as the co-director of the Cingranelli and Richards (CIRI) Human Rights Data Project.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Universal Declaration of Human Rights", "paragraph_text": "The Declaration consists of thirty articles affirming an individual's rights which, although not legally binding in themselves, have been elaborated in subsequent international treaties, economic transfers, regional human rights instruments, national constitutions, and other laws. The Declaration was the first step in the process of formulating the International Bill of Human Rights, which was completed in 1966, and came into force in 1976, after a sufficient number of countries had ratified them.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Seneca Falls Convention", "paragraph_text": "The Seneca Falls Convention was the first women's rights convention. It advertised itself as ``a convention to discuss the social, civil, and religious condition and rights of woman ''. Held in Seneca Falls, New York, it spanned two days over July 19 -- 20, 1848. Attracting widespread attention, it was soon followed by other women's rights conventions, including the Rochester Women's Rights Convention in Rochester, New York, two weeks later. In 1850 the first in a series of annual National Women's Rights Conventions met in Worcester, Massachusetts.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 77985, "question": "who uses the universal declaration of human rights", "answer": "the United Nations", "paragraph_support_idx": 13 }, { "id": 92922, "question": "when was #1 convention on the rights of the child created", "answer": "20 November 1989", "paragraph_support_idx": 4 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Day of the Dead", "paragraph_text": "The Day of the Dead (Spanish: Día de Muertos) is a Mexican holiday celebrated throughout Mexico, in particular the Central and South regions, and by people of Mexican ancestry living in other places, especially the United States. It is acknowledged internationally in many other cultures. The multi-day holiday focuses on gatherings of family and friends to pray for and remember friends and family members who have died, and help support their spiritual journey. In 2008, the tradition was inscribed in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Music of New York City", "paragraph_text": "Beginning in the 1940s, New York City was the center for a roots revival of American folk music. Many New Yorkers, especially young people, became interested in blues, Appalachian folk music, and other roots styles. In Greenwich Village, many of these people gathered; the area became a hotbed of American folk music as well as leftist political activism.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Çekerek", "paragraph_text": "Çekerek is a town and district of Yozgat Province in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey. It is located in northeast of Yozgat province and it is 90 km (56 miles) far from there. According to 2013 census, population of the district is 23,699 of which 10,736 live in the town of Çekerek and remaining 12,963 people live in rural areas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Amahlathi Local Municipality", "paragraph_text": "Amahlathi Local Municipality is an administrative area in the Amatole District of the Eastern Cape in South Africa. Amahlati is an isiXhosa name that means \"a place where many trees are grouped together, a forest\". Forests are a key feature of the area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Hietasaari, Oulu", "paragraph_text": "Hietasaari is a neighbourhood in the Tuira area in the city of Oulu, Finland. The neighbourhood consists of Mustasaari and Hietasaari islands, separated by the Mustasalmi strait, together with some smaller islands. Hietasaari is zoned as recreation area with only few people living in the neighbourhood permanently.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Pathum Thani Province", "paragraph_text": "The province is north of Bangkok and is part of the Bangkok metropolitan area. In many places the boundary between the two provinces is not noticeable as both sides of the boundary are equally urbanized. Pathum Thani town is the administrative seat, but Ban Rangsit, seat of Thanyaburi District, is the largest populated place in the province.Pathum Thani is an old province, heavily populated by the Mon people, dotted with 186 temples and parks. The Dream World amusement park is here.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Day of the Dead", "paragraph_text": "Day of the Dead (Spanish: Día de Muertos) is a Mexican holiday celebrated throughout Mexico, in particular the Central and South regions, and by people of Mexican ancestry living in other places, especially the United States. It is acknowledged internationally in many other cultures. The multi-day holiday focuses on gatherings of family and friends to pray for and remember friends and family members who have died, and help support their spiritual journey. In 2008, the tradition was inscribed in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Crimean People's Republic", "paragraph_text": "The Crimean People's Republic () () existed from December 1917 to January 1918 in the Crimean Peninsula, a territory currently disputed between the Russian Federation and Ukraine. Crimean People’s Republic was the first Turkic and Muslim democratic republic in the world. In its founding, the Crimean People's Republic was one of many short-lived attempts to create new states after the Russian Revolution of 1917 had caused the Russian Empire to collapse.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "East Asia", "paragraph_text": "The East Asian people comprise around 1.6 billion people. About 38% of the population of Asia and 22%, or over one fifth, of all the people in the world live in East Asia. Although the coastal and riparian areas of the region form one of the world's most populated places, the population in Mongolia and Western China, both landlocked areas, is very sparsely distributed, with Mongolia having the lowest population density of a sovereign state. The overall population density of the region is 133 inhabitants per square kilometre (340 / sq mi), about three times the world average of 45 / km (120 / sq mi).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "There But For The", "paragraph_text": "There But For The is a 2011 novel by Scottish author Ali Smith, first published in the UK by Hamish Hamilton and in the US by Pantheon, and set in 2009 and 2010 in Greenwich, London. It was cited by both \"The Guardian\" book review and the \"Publishers Weekly\" as one of the best books of the year. and was also longlisted for the 2012 Orange Prize for Fiction.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Manchester Arena bombing", "paragraph_text": "On 22 May 2017 at 22: 31 BST (UTC + 01: 00), a suicide bomber detonated an improvised explosive device, packed with nuts and bolts to act as shrapnel, in the foyer area of the Manchester Arena. The attack took place after an Ariana Grande concert that was part of her 2017 Dangerous Woman Tour. 14,200 people attended the concert. Many exiting concert - goers and waiting parents were in the foyer at the time of the explosion. According to evidence presented at the coroner's inquest, the detonation of the bomb killed people who were up to 20 metres away.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Sarajevo", "paragraph_text": "The last official Yugoslav census took place 1991 and recorded 527,049 people living in the city of Sarajevo (ten municipalities). In the settlement of Sarajevo proper, there were 416,497 inhabitants. The war displaced hundreds of thousands of people, a large majority of whom have not returned.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Imperialism", "paragraph_text": "The concept environmental determinism served as a moral justification for domination of certain territories and peoples. It was believed that a certain person's behaviours were determined by the environment in which they lived and thus validated their domination. For example, people living in tropical environments were seen as \"less civilized\" therefore justifying colonial control as a civilizing mission. Across the three waves of European colonialism (first in the Americas, second in Asia and lastly in Africa), environmental determinism was used to categorically place indigenous people in a racial hierarchy. This takes two forms, orientalism and tropicality.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Houston", "paragraph_text": "The Theater District is a 17-block area in the center of downtown Houston that is home to the Bayou Place entertainment complex, restaurants, movies, plazas, and parks. Bayou Place is a large multilevel building containing full-service restaurants, bars, live music, billiards, and Sundance Cinema. The Bayou Music Center stages live concerts, stage plays, and stand-up comedy. Space Center Houston is the official visitors' center of NASA's Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center. The Space Center has many interactive exhibits including moon rocks, a shuttle simulator, and presentations about the history of NASA's manned space flight program. Other tourist attractions include the Galleria (Texas's largest shopping mall, located in the Uptown District), Old Market Square, the Downtown Aquarium, and Sam Houston Race Park.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Cane Ridge, Kentucky", "paragraph_text": "Cane Ridge, Kentucky, United States was the site, in 1801, of a large camp meeting that drew thousands of people and had a lasting influence as one of the landmark events of the Second Great Awakening, which took place largely in frontier areas of the United States. The event was led by eighteen Presbyterian ministers, but numerous Methodist and Baptist preachers also spoke and assisted. Many of the \"spiritual exercises\", such as glossolalia and ecstatic attendees, were exhibited that in the 20th century became more associated with the Pentecostal movement.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Indigenous peoples of the Americas", "paragraph_text": "According to the prevailing theories of the settlement of the Americas, migrations of humans from Asia (in particular North Asia) to the Americas took place via Beringia, a land bridge which connected the two continents across what is now the Bering Strait. The majority of experts agree that the earliest pre-modern human migration via Beringia took place at least 13,500 years ago, with disputed evidence that people had migrated into the Americas much earlier, up to 40,000 years ago. These early Paleo-Indians spread throughout the Americas, diversifying into many hundreds of culturally distinct nations and tribes. According to the oral histories of many of the indigenous peoples of the Americas, they have been living there since their genesis, described by a wide range of creation myths.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Baljev Dol", "paragraph_text": "Baljev Dol is a village in the municipality of Dimitrovgrad, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 8 people. The village was larger until the unrest in the area following the dissolution of Yugoslavia forced many relations of big-serving tennis ace Ivo Karlović to flee the area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Madison Township, Jackson County, Ohio", "paragraph_text": "Madison Township is one of the twelve townships of Jackson County, Ohio, United States. As of the 2010 census, 2,188 people lived in the township, including 1,549 in its unincorporated areas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Xingu peoples", "paragraph_text": "Xingu peoples are indigenous peoples of Brazil living near the Xingu River. They have many cultural similarities despite their different ethnologies. Xingu people represent fifteen tribes and all four of Brazil's indigenous language groups, but they share similar belief systems, rituals and ceremonies.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Caprivi Game Park", "paragraph_text": "Caprivi Game Park is a protected area in north eastern Namibia that is now called Bwabwata National Park. It was proclaimed as the Caprivi Game Reserve in 1966 and upgraded to the Caprivi Game Park in 1968. It was never managed as a game park as the area was a restricted security zone during Namibia’s liberation struggle. The South African Police and later the South African Defence Force occupied the area until the implementation of U.N. Resolution 435 in April 1989. The then Department of Nature Conservation appointed the first nature conservation officer and other staff and started work in the area. Many of the area's original Khwe San inhabitants, were conscripted into the army and lived in military bases such as Omega. At independence approximately 5000 people were living in the Caprivi Game Park. Caprivi Game Park, Mahango Game Reserve and an area known as the Kwando Triangle were incorporated into the Bwabwata National Park, which was proclaimed in 2007.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 136955, "question": "Which place is There But For The in?", "answer": "London", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 }, { "id": 35370, "question": "How many people live in the area of #1 ?", "answer": "9 million", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Hannah Maria Libby Smith House", "paragraph_text": "The Hannah Maria Libby Smith House, also known as the Arnel Milner Home, is a historic house located in Provo, Utah, United States. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "John Smith House (Kingston, New York)", "paragraph_text": "The John Smith House is located on Albany Avenue (NY 32) in Kingston, New York, United States. It is a wood frame house in the Italianate architectural style built in the mid-19th century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Elven C. Smith House", "paragraph_text": "Elven C. Smith House is a historic home located at Williamson, Mingo County, West Virginia. It was built in 1938, in a Neo-Classical Revival / Georgian Revival style. It is a red brick building with a hipped roof and features a two-story, flat roofed portico supported by fluted columns. Also on the property is a stone retaining wall and monumental stairway in the landscaped gardens.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 3, "title": "One Ring", "paragraph_text": "The One Ring was forged by the Dark Lord Sauron during the Second Age to gain dominion over the free peoples of Middle - earth. In disguise as Annatar, or ``Lord of Gifts '', he aided the Elven smiths of Eregion and their leader Celebrimbor in the making of the Rings of Power. He then forged the One Ring himself in the fires of Mount Doom.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Admission to the Union", "paragraph_text": "The Admission to the Union Clause of the United States Constitution, oftentimes called the New States Clause, and found at Article IV, Section 3, Clause 1, authorizes the Congress to admit new states into the United States beyond the thirteen already in existence at the time the Constitution went into effect.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "James Peyton Smith", "paragraph_text": "James Peyton Smith, known as James P. Smith (September 6, 1925 – August 14, 2006), was a Democratic member of the Louisiana House of Representatives from Union and Morehouse parishes in North Louisiana, a position which he held from 1964 to 1972 during the administration of Governor John McKeithen. In the first term he represented only Union Parish. Thereafter from 1972 to 1992, he was the sergeant-at-arms of the Louisiana State Senate.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "John C. Sharp House", "paragraph_text": "The John C. Sharp House, located off Utah 36 in Vernon, Utah, is an Italianate house that was built in 1888.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "U. J. Cleveland House", "paragraph_text": "The U. J. Cleveland House (also known as the Thomas Smith House) is a historic house located at 551 Charles Street in Mobile, Alabama. It is locally significant as an intact Gulf Coast Cottage with an unusual interior plan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Dakota Territory", "paragraph_text": "The Territory of Dakota was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from March 2, 1861, until November 2, 1889, when the final extent of the reduced territory was split and admitted to the Union as the states of North and South Dakota.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Union Hill, Morris County, New Jersey", "paragraph_text": "Union Hill is an unincorporated community located within Denville Township in Morris County, New Jersey, United States. The Union Hill section comprises the southernmost part of Denville and is mostly south of Route 10. Although one of the oldest settled parts of Denville, it is characterized by having the most recent housing development in the town. Union Hill is the home of the Denville Township School District Board of Education, housed in Denville's first school, a small one-room structure.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Alabama Territory", "paragraph_text": "The Territory of Alabama (sometimes Alabama Territory) was an organized incorporated territory of the United States. The Alabama Territory was carved from the Mississippi Territory on August 15, 1817 and lasted until December 14, 1819, when it was admitted to the Union as the twenty-second state.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Ackerman-Smith House", "paragraph_text": "The Ackerman-Smith House is a historic house located in Saddle River, Bergen County, New Jersey, United States, built in 1760. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 29, 1986.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Meng House", "paragraph_text": "Meng House, also known as The Hill House and Clough-Wallace House, is a historic home located at Union in Union County, South Carolina, United States. It was built about 1832, and is a two-story, Greek Revival style frame dwelling. It features two two-story Doric order porticos supported by four stucco-over-brick columns. It has a two-story wing that houses the kitchen with bathrooms above.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "C. K. Schoonmaker Stone House", "paragraph_text": "The C. K. Schoonmaker Stone House is located on Queens Highway near the hamlet of Kerhonkson, New York, United States, in the Ulster County town of Rochester. It is a stone bank house erected in the early 19th century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "John Blair Smith Todd", "paragraph_text": "John Blair Smith Todd (April 4, 1814 – January 5, 1872) was a Delegate from Dakota Territory to the United States House of Representatives and a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Other C. Wamsley House", "paragraph_text": "The Other C. Wamsley House built in 1909 is an historic octagon house located at 200 North 5th Street in Hamilton, Montana, United States. On August 26, 1988, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Texas annexation", "paragraph_text": "The Texas annexation was the 1845 incorporation of the Republic of Texas into the United States of America, which was admitted to the Union as the 28th state on December 29, 1845.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "C. Burton Hotel", "paragraph_text": "The C. Burton Hotel, also known as the Sycamore House, is located on NY 55 a mile west of Grahamsville, New York, United States. It is a wooden Greek Revival structure dating to 1851.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Equestrian of Simón Bolívar", "paragraph_text": "Equestrian of Simón Bolívar is a public artwork by American artist Felix de Weldon. The monument is located at Virginia Avenue NW, 18th Street NW, and C Street NW near the United States Department of Interior and the Pan American Union building of the Organization of American States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Utah Territory", "paragraph_text": "The Territory of Utah was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from September 9, 1850, until January 4, 1896, when the final extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Utah, the 45th state.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 131336, "question": "Which state is Elven C. Smith House located?", "answer": "West Virginia", "paragraph_support_idx": 2 }, { "id": 48271, "question": "when was #1 admitted to the union", "answer": "June 20, 1863", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "First-wave feminism", "paragraph_text": "First - wave feminism was a period of feminist activity and thought, that occurred within the time period of the 19th and early 20th century throughout the world. It focused on legal issues, primarily on gaining women's suffrage (the right to vote).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Thoughts on the Education of Daughters", "paragraph_text": "Although much of Thoughts is devoted to platitudes and advice common to all conduct books for women, a few passages anticipate Wollstonecraft's feminist arguments in A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792), such as her poignant description of the suffering single woman. However, several critics suggested that such passages only seem to have radical undertones in light of Wollstonecraft's later works.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Allen, County Kildare", "paragraph_text": "Allen () is a village in County Kildare in Ireland located on regional road R415 between Kilmeage and Milltown. The village is overlooked by Hill of Allen, which in recent times has been scarred by quarrying. This hill, visible over much of Kildare and the surrounding counties, is regarded as the ancient seat of Fionn mac Cumhaill.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Kindergarten", "paragraph_text": "Some nurseries are attached to state infant or primary schools, but many are provided by the private sector. The Scottish government provides funding so that all children from the age of three until they start compulsory school can attend five sessions per week of two and a half hours each, either in state-run or private nurseries. Working parents can also receive from their employers childcare worth £55 per week free of income tax, which is typically enough to pay for one or two days per week.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Wizard of the Vibes", "paragraph_text": "Wizard of the Vibes is a Blue Note Records compilation of performances by jazz vibraphonist Milt Jackson. The sessions were the work of The Thelonious Monk Quintet (the July 2, 1948 and July 23, 1951 sessions) and The Modern Jazz Quartet plus Lou Donaldson (a 1952 session). The album has been recompiled and expanded three additional times, with various tracks from these sessions added and deleted.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "SCUM Manifesto", "paragraph_text": "SCUM Manifesto is a radical feminist manifesto by Valerie Solanas, published in 1967. It argues that men have ruined the world, and that it is up to women to fix it. To achieve this goal, it suggests the formation of SCUM, an organization dedicated to overthrowing society and eliminating the male sex. The \"Manifesto\" is widely regarded as satirical, but based on legitimate philosophical and social concerns. It has been reprinted at least 10 times in English, translated into 13 languages, and excerpted several times.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Labogon National High School", "paragraph_text": "Labogon National High school is an academic institution under the public school system of the Republic of the Philippines. The school started its operation in 1999 with one freshmen and one sophomore section. The enrollment rate grows to as much as 5% per year. As of 2012, the school serves more than a thousand students with the aid of its 28 full-time faculty members.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "The Dinner Party", "paragraph_text": "The Dinner Party is an installation artwork by feminist artist Judy Chicago. Widely regarded as the first epic feminist artwork, it functions as a symbolic history of women in Western civilization. There are 39 elaborate place settings arranged along a triangular table for 39 mythical and historical famous women. Sacajawea, Sojourner Truth, Eleanor of Aquitaine, Empress Theodora of Byzantium, Virginia Woolf, Susan B. Anthony, and Georgia O'Keeffe are among the guests.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Heresy", "paragraph_text": "Ottoman Sultan Selim the Grim, regarded the Shia Qizilbash as heretics, reportedly proclaimed that \"the killing of one Shiite had as much otherworldly reward as killing 70 Christians.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Wok racing", "paragraph_text": "Wok racing has been developed by the German TV host and entertainer Stefan Raab: Modified woks are used to make timed runs down an Olympic bobsleigh track. There are competitions for one-person-woksleds and four-person-woksleds, the latter using four woks per sled.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Academic term", "paragraph_text": "A quarter system divides the academic year into four terms, one per season, with attendance required in three quarters per year to total 32 to 36 weeks of instruction. A semester system divides the academic year into two terms of equal length, with attendance required in both semesters to total 32 to 36 weeks of instruction. There is often an optional summer session half as long as a full semester. A trimester system divides the academic year into three terms of 14 to 16 weeks each, with attendance required in two trimesters per year, to total 28 to 32 weeks of instruction. The trimester evolved from the semester system in the 1960s and, thus, is compatible with it (i.e. it is simply a semester shortened from 16 -- 18 weeks to 14 -- 16 weeks). The spring - summer trimester may be a full trimester or may be divided into distinct spring and summer half - trimester or shorter sessions, in which classes meet double - time (or greater) to provide the same instruction that would be received in a full trimester.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Government of Florida", "paragraph_text": "The Governor of Florida is the chief executive of the government of Florida and the chief administrative officer of the state responsible for the planning and budgeting for the state, and serves as chair when the Governor and the Florida Cabinet sit as a decision - making body in various constitutional roles. The Governor has the power to execute Florida's laws and to call out the state militia to preserve the public peace, being Commander - in - Chief of the state's military forces that are not in active service of the United States. At least once every legislative session, the Governor is required to deliver the ``State of the State Address ''to the Florida Legislature regarding the condition and operation of the state government and to suggest new legislation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Metre per second squared", "paragraph_text": "As acceleration, the unit is interpreted physically as change in velocity or speed per time interval, i.e. metre per second per second and is treated as a vector quantity.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "We Farm", "paragraph_text": "We Farm is a simulation video game developed by Zynga Dallas and published by ngmoco for the iOS platform. It is available for download on the iPhone, iPod touch and the iPad on the App Store or iTunes. Within weeks of release, \"We Farm\" was estimated to have been downloaded millions of times, with approximately two million user sessions per day. Its gameplay is in part inspired by the Zynga game \"FarmVille\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Hermila Galindo", "paragraph_text": "Hermila Galindo Acosta (also known as \"Hermila Galindo de Topete\") (1886–1954) was a Mexican feminist and a writer. She was an early supporter of many radical feminist issues, primarily sex education in schools, women's suffrage, and divorce. She was one of the first feminists to state that Catholicism in Mexico was thwarting feminist efforts, and was the first woman to run for elected office in Mexico.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Phonograph record", "paragraph_text": "Terms such as \"long-play\" (LP) and \"extended-play\" (EP) describe multi-track records that play much longer than the single-item-per-side records, which typically do not go much past four minutes per side. An LP can play for up to 30 minutes per side, though most played for about 22 minutes per side, bringing the total playing time of a typical LP recording to about forty-five minutes. Many pre-1952 LPs, however, played for about 15 minutes per side. The 7-inch 45 rpm format normally contains one item per side but a 7-inch EP could achieve recording times of 10 to 15 minutes at the expense of attenuating and compressing the sound to reduce the width required by the groove. EP discs were generally used to make available tracks not on singles including tracks on LPs albums in a smaller, less expensive format for those who had only 45 rpm players. The large center hole on 7-inch 45 rpm records allows for easier handling by jukebox mechanisms. The term \"album\", originally used to mean a \"book\" with liner notes, holding several 78 rpm records each in its own \"page\" or sleeve, no longer has any relation to the physical format: a single LP record, or nowadays more typically a compact disc.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Woman on the Edge of Time", "paragraph_text": "Woman on the Edge of Time (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1976) is a novel by Marge Piercy. It is considered a classic of utopian \"speculative\" science fiction as well as a feminist classic.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "LaserDisc", "paragraph_text": "LaserDiscs were initially cheaper than videocassettes to manufacture, because they lacked the moving parts and plastic outer shell that are necessary for VHS tapes to work, and the duplication process was much simpler. A VHS cassette has at least 14 parts including the actual tape while LaserDisc has one part with five or six layers. A disc can be stamped out in a matter of seconds whereas duplicating videotape required a complex bulk tape duplication mechanism and was a time-consuming process. However, by the end of the 1980s, average disc-pressing prices were over $5.00 per two-sided disc, due to the large amount of plastic material and the costly glass-mastering process needed to make the metal stamper mechanisms. Due to the larger volume of demand, videocassettes quickly became much cheaper to duplicate, costing as little as $1.00 by the beginning of the 1990s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "6-18-67", "paragraph_text": "6-18-67 is a short quasi-documentary film by George Lucas regarding the making of the 1969 Columbia film \"Mackenna's Gold\". This non-story non-character visual tone poem is made up of nature imagery, time-lapse photography, and the subtle sounds of the Arizona desert. Shooting was completed on June 18, 1967.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Feminist Majority Foundation", "paragraph_text": "The Feminist Majority Foundation (FMF) is a non-profit organization headquartered in Arlington County, Virginia, whose stated mission is to advance non-violence and women's power, equality, and economic development. The name Feminist Majority comes from a 1986 Newsweek/Gallup public opinion poll in which 56 percent of American women self-identified as feminists. President and one of the founders, Eleanor Smeal, chose the name to reflect the results of the poll, implying that the majority of women are feminists.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 20910, "question": "Who is regarded as a feminist during her time?", "answer": "Madonna", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 159445, "question": "How much did #1 make per session?", "answer": "$25", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Space Race", "paragraph_text": "The United States recovered from the Apollo 1 fire, fixing the fatal flaws in an improved version of the Block II command module. The US proceeded with unpiloted test launches of the Saturn V launch vehicle (Apollo 4 and Apollo 6) and the Lunar Module (Apollo 5) during the latter half of 1967 and early 1968. Apollo 1's mission to check out the Apollo Command/Service Module in Earth orbit was accomplished by Grissom's backup crew commanded by Walter Schirra on Apollo 7, launched on October 11, 1968. The eleven-day mission was a total success, as the spacecraft performed a virtually flawless mission, paving the way for the United States to continue with its lunar mission schedule.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Monte Mario Observatory", "paragraph_text": "The Monte Mario Observatory (Sede di Monte Mario, literally \"Monte Mario Site\") is an astronomical observatory and is part of the Rome Observatory (Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma). It is located atop of Monte Mario in Rome, Italy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Monte di Tremezzo", "paragraph_text": "Monte di Tremezzo is a mountain of the Lugano Prealps in Lombardy, Italy. It is the highest summit of a ridge just south of Porlezza commune, lying between Lake Lugano and Lake Como. Due to its modest height (by alpine standards) it is a relatively easy mountain to climb, but due to its great prominence it rewards its climbers with stunning views across the lakes, and over to the High Alps - mountains as far away as Finsteraarhorn, Dom and Monte Leone can be seen on a clear day.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Giulio Salvadori", "paragraph_text": "Giulio Salvadori (Monte San Savino, 14 September 1862 - Rome, 7 October 1928) was an Italian poet, literary critic, and educator.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Bollywood Times", "paragraph_text": "The channel launched on November 28, 2011 on Bell Fibe TV as Bollywood Times exclusively in high definition (HD). The channel launched on Rogers Cable only days later in December 2011 in both HD and standard definition.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Alps", "paragraph_text": "In modern languages the term alp, alm, albe or alpe refers to a grazing pastures in the alpine regions below the glaciers, not the peaks. An alp refers to a high mountain pasture where cows are taken to be grazed during the summer months and where hay barns can be found, and the term \"the Alps\", referring to the mountains, is a misnomer. The term for the mountain peaks varies by nation and language: words such as horn, kogel, gipfel, spitz, and berg are used in German speaking regions: mont, pic, dent and aiguille in French speaking regions; and monte, picco or cima in Italian speaking regions.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "AsiaSat 6", "paragraph_text": "AsiaSat 6 / Thaicom 7 is a geostationary communications satellite which is operated by the Asia Satellite Telecommunications Company (AsiaSat) and was launched into orbit on 7 September 2014.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Happy Days (TV theme)", "paragraph_text": "``Happy Days ''Single by Pratt & McClain from the album Pratt & McClain Featuring Happy Days Released 1976 Format Vinyl, 7``, Single Recorded 1976 Genre Rock, Stage & Screen Length 2: 40 Label Reprise Records Songwriter (s) Charles Fox, Norman Gimbel Producer (s) Steve Barri, Michael Omartian Pratt & McClain singles chronology ``String Module Error: Match not found'' (1976)`` Happy Days ''(1976) ``Devil with a Blue Dress On'' (1976)`` Whachersign ''(1976) ``Happy Days'' (1976)`` Devil with a Blue Dress On ''(1976)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "NTV Spor", "paragraph_text": "Launched in March 2008, NTV Spor is a dedicated TV channel producing sports-related programming 24 hours a day. Using NTV's expertise in news and sports broadcasting NTV Spor is regarded as a sports platform where fans can catch up on everything related to sports 24/7.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "USA-225", "paragraph_text": "A Minotaur I carrier rocket was used to launch USA-225, flying from Space Launch Complex 8 of the Vandenberg Air Force Base. The launch of was originally scheduled for March 2011; however, it was subsequently moved forwards to 5 February. During the attempt to launch on 5 February 2011, a transmitter malfunctioned, and the launch attempt was scrubbed. Another attempt was scheduled for the next day. At 12:26 on 6 February 2011, the Minotaur lifted off, carrying USA-225 into orbit. The launch was conducted by Orbital Sciences Corporation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Camille Blanc", "paragraph_text": "Camille Blanc (1847 in Paris – 1927), was a French municipal leader, with many interests in Monaco. From 1904 to 1925 he was founding mayor of Beausoleil, a town adjacent to Monte Carlo, which had previously formed part of La Turbie and had been known as Monte-Carlo-Supérieur.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "STS-38", "paragraph_text": "STS-38 was a Space Shuttle mission by NASA using the Space Shuttle \"Atlantis\". It was the 37th shuttle mission, and carried a classified payload for the U.S. Department of Defense. It was the 7th flight for \"Atlantis\" and the 7th flight dedicated to the Department of Defense. The mission was a 4-day mission that traveled more than 2 million miles and completed 79 revolutions. \"Atlantis\" landed at Kennedy Space Center's Shuttle Landing Facility's runway 33. The launch was originally scheduled for July 1990, but was rescheduled due to a hydrogen leak found on during the STS-35 countdown. During a rollback to the Orbiter Processing Facility \"Atlantis\" was damaged during a hail storm. The eventual launch date of 15 November 1990 was set due to a payload problem. The launch window was between 18:30 and 22:30 EST. The launch occurred at 18:48 EST.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Eugénie Smet", "paragraph_text": "Blessed Eugénie Smet A.P. (25 March 1825 in Lille – 7 February 1871), also known as sœur Marie de la Providence, was a French nun who founded the Society of the Helpers of the Holy Souls in 1856. Her feast day is 7 February.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Earth Day", "paragraph_text": "In 1969 at a UNESCO Conference in San Francisco, peace activist John McConnell proposed a day to honor the Earth and the concept of peace, to first be celebrated on March 21, 1970, the first day of spring in the northern hemisphere. This day of nature's equipoise was later sanctioned in a proclamation written by McConnell and signed by Secretary General U Thant at the United Nations. A month later a separate Earth Day was founded by United States Senator Gaylord Nelson as an environmental teach - in first held on April 22, 1970. Nelson was later awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom award in recognition of his work. While this April 22 Earth Day was focused on the United States, an organization launched by Denis Hayes, who was the original national coordinator in 1970, took it international in 1990 and organized events in 141 nations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Mont Brouillard", "paragraph_text": "Mont Brouillard (4,069 m) is a mountain in the Mont Blanc massif in the Val d'Aosta, Italy, being a satellite peak on the south ridge of Mont Blanc.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "San Antone Ambush", "paragraph_text": "San Antone Ambush is a 1949 American Western film directed by Philip Ford and written by Norman S. Hall. The film stars Monte Hale, Bette Daniels, Paul Hurst, Roy Barcroft, James Cardwell, and Trevor Bardette. The film was released on October 7, 1949, by Republic Pictures.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "2015 Monte Carlo Rally", "paragraph_text": "The 2015 Monte Carlo Rally (formally known as the 83ème Rallye Automobile Monte-Carlo) was a motor racing event for rally cars that was held over four days between 22 and 25 January 2015. It marked the eighty-third running of the Monte Carlo Rally, and was the first round of the 2015 World Rally Championship, WRC-2, WRC-3, Junior World Rally Championship and FIA R-GT Cup seasons.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Space Race", "paragraph_text": "The United States launched three more Mercury flights after Glenn's: Aurora 7 on May 24, 1962 duplicated Glenn's three orbits; Sigma 7 on October 3, 1962, six orbits; and Faith 7 on May 15, 1963, 22 orbits (32.4 hours), the maximum capability of the spacecraft. NASA at first intended to launch one more mission, extending the spacecraft's endurance to three days, but since this would not beat the Soviet record, it was decided instead to concentrate on developing Project Gemini.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Voyager 1", "paragraph_text": "Voyager 1 is a space probe launched by NASA on September 5, 1977. Part of the Voyager program to study the outer Solar System, Voyager 1 launched 16 days after its twin, Voyager 2. Having operated for 40 years, 7 months and 4 days as of April 9, 2018, the spacecraft still communicates with the Deep Space Network to receive routine commands and return data. At a distance of 141 AU (2.11 × 10 km), approximately 21 billion kilometers (13 billion miles) from the Sun as of January 2, 2018, it is the farthest spacecraft and man - made object from Earth.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "NOAA-4", "paragraph_text": "NOAA-4, also known as ITOS-G was a weather satellite operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). It was part of a series of satellites called ITOS, or improved TIROS. NOAA-4 was launched on a Delta rocket on November 15, 1974. The launch carried two other satellites: AMSAT-OSCAR 7 and Intasat. It remained operational for 1463 days until it was deactivated by NOAA on November 18, 1978.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 132261, "question": "Where is Hibes Montes found?", "answer": "Mars", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 156169, "question": "What day was #1 7 launched?", "answer": "9 August 1973", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Cattle of Helios", "paragraph_text": "Tiresias and Circe both warn Odysseus to shun the isle of Helios. When Eurylochus begs to be allowed to land to prepare supper, Odysseus grudgingly agrees on condition that the crew swear that if they come upon a herd of cattle or a great flock of sheep, no one will kill any of them. They are held on the isle for a month by an unfavorable storm sent by Poseidon.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "British Isles", "paragraph_text": "At the end of the last ice age, what are now the British Isles were joined to the European mainland as a mass of land extending north west from the modern-day northern coastline of France, Belgium and the Netherlands. Ice covered almost all of what is now Scotland, most of Ireland and Wales, and the hills of northern England. From 14,000 to 10,000 years ago, as the ice melted, sea levels rose separating Ireland from Great Britain and also creating the Isle of Man. About two to four millennia later, Great Britain became separated from the mainland. Britain probably became repopulated with people before the ice age ended and certainly before it became separated from the mainland. It is likely that Ireland became settled by sea after it had already become an island.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Light brown apple moth", "paragraph_text": "The light brown apple moth is a native insect of Australia. It has been introduced and now also lives in New Caledonia, the British Isles, Hawaii (since 1896), and New Zealand. In March 2007 the moth was positively identified in California by DNA samples across hundreds of miles, from Los Angeles to Napa, north of San Francisco.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "British Catholic History", "paragraph_text": "British Catholic History is a biannual peer-reviewed academic journal published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Catholic Record Society. The journal covers the study of Catholic history in the British Isles. The editor-in-chief is Katy Gibbons (University of Portsmouth).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Kanye West", "paragraph_text": "Myers spoke next and continued to read the script. Once it was West's turn to speak again, he said, \"George Bush doesn't care about black people.\" At this point, telethon producer Rick Kaplan cut off the microphone and then cut away to Chris Tucker, who was unaware of the cut for a few seconds. Still, West's comment reached much of the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Edwardian era", "paragraph_text": "The Edwardian era or Edwardian period of British history covers the brief reign of King Edward VII, 1901 to 1910, and is sometimes extended in both directions to capture long - term trends from the 1890s to the First World War. The death of Queen Victoria in January 1901 marked the end of the Victorian era. The new king Edward VII was already the leader of a fashionable elite that set a style influenced by the art and fashions of continental Europe. Samuel Hynes described the Edwardian era as a ``leisurely time when women wore picture hats and did not vote, when the rich were not ashamed to live conspicuously, and the sun really never set on the British flag '''. The Liberals returned to power in 1906 and made significant reforms. Below the upper class, the era was marked by significant shifts in politics among sections of society that were largely excluded from wielding power in the past, such as common labourers. Women became increasingly politicised.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Edwardian era", "paragraph_text": "The Edwardian era or Edwardian period of British history covers the brief reign of King Edward VII, 1901 to 1910, and is sometimes extended to the start of the First World War. The death of Queen Victoria in January 1901 marked the end of the Victorian era. Her son and successor, Edward VII, was already the leader of a fashionable elite that set a style influenced by the art and fashions of continental Europe. Samuel Hynes described the Edwardian era as a \"leisurely time when women wore picture hats and did not vote, when the rich were not ashamed to live conspicuously, and the sun really never set on the British flag.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "East Cowes", "paragraph_text": "East Cowes is a town and civil parish to the north of the Isle of Wight, on the east bank of the River Medina next to its neighbour on the west bank, Cowes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "White Lake Provincial Park", "paragraph_text": "White Lake Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada and is located 10 kilometres northeast of Balmoral, British Columbia. Established in 1965, the park is just west of Cedar Creek Camp, a park owned by the not-for-profit organisation of People In Motion. The lake is popular with anglers fishing for rainbow trout; in terms of angler days, it is one of the top three fishing lakes in the province.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Western world", "paragraph_text": "The geopolitical divisions in Europe that created a concept of East and West originated in the Roman Empire. The Eastern Mediterranean was home to the highly urbanized cultures that had Greek as their common language (owing to the older empire of Alexander the Great and of the Hellenistic successors), whereas the West was much more rural in its character and more readily adopted Latin as its common language. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, Western and Central Europe were substantially cut off from the East where Byzantine Greek culture and Eastern Christianity became founding influences in the Arab / Muslim world and among the Eastern and Southern Slavic peoples. Roman Catholic Western and Central Europe, as such, maintained a distinct identity particularly as it began to redevelop during the Renaissance. Even following the Protestant Reformation, Protestant Europe continued to see itself as more tied to Roman Catholic Europe than other parts of the perceived civilized world.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "British Trust for Ornithology", "paragraph_text": "The British Trust for Ornithology (BTO) is an organisation founded in 1932 for the study of birds in the British Isles.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "British America", "paragraph_text": "English America (later British America) refers to the English territories in North America (including Bermuda), Central America, the Caribbean, and Guyana from 1607 to 1783. Formally, the British colonies in North America were known as British America and the British West Indies until 1776, when the Thirteen Colonies located along the Atlantic seaboard declared their independence and formed the United States of America. After that, the term British North America was used to describe the remainder of Britain's continental North American possessions. That term was first used informally in 1783, but it was uncommon before the Report on the Affairs of British North America (1839), called the Durham Report.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Modern history", "paragraph_text": "The Age of Enlightenment is a time in Western philosophy and cultural life centered upon the 18th century in which reason was advocated as the primary source and legitimacy for authority. Enlightenment gained momentum more or less simultaneously in many parts of Europe and America. Developing during the Enlightenment era, Renaissance humanism as an intellectual movement spread across Europe. The basic training of the humanist was to speak well and write (typically, in the form of a letter). The term umanista comes from the latter part of the 15th century. The people were associated with the studia humanitatis, a novel curriculum that was competing with the quadrivium and scholastic logic.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "British Empire", "paragraph_text": "Political boundaries drawn by the British did not always reflect homogeneous ethnicities or religions, contributing to conflicts in formerly colonised areas. The British Empire was also responsible for large migrations of peoples. Millions left the British Isles, with the founding settler populations of the United States, Canada, Australia and New Zealand coming mainly from Britain and Ireland. Tensions remain between the white settler populations of these countries and their indigenous minorities, and between white settler minorities and indigenous majorities in South Africa and Zimbabwe. Settlers in Ireland from Great Britain have left their mark in the form of divided nationalist and unionist communities in Northern Ireland. Millions of people moved to and from British colonies, with large numbers of Indians emigrating to other parts of the empire, such as Malaysia and Fiji, and Chinese people to Malaysia, Singapore and the Caribbean. The demographics of Britain itself was changed after the Second World War owing to immigration to Britain from its former colonies.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Gillian Baverstock", "paragraph_text": "Gillian Mary Baverstock (née Pollock; 15 July 1931 in Bourne End, Buckinghamshire, England – 24 June 2007 in Ilkley, West Yorkshire, England) was a British author and elder daughter of English novelist Enid Blyton and her first husband, Hugh Pollock. She wrote and spoke to audiences and the media extensively about her mother as well as her own childhood and life.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Carnival", "paragraph_text": "In the year 743 the synod in Leptines (Leptines is located near Binche in Belgium) spoke out furiously against the excesses in the month of February. Also from the same period dates the phrase: \"Whoever in February by a variety of less honorable acts tries to drive out winter is not a Christian, but a pagan.\" Confession books from around 800 contain more information about how people would dress as an animal or old woman during the festivities in January and February, even though this was a sin with no small penance. Also in Spain, San Isidoro de Sevilla is written complaint in the seventh century that people coming out into the streets disguised in many cases the opposite gender.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Mowgli", "paragraph_text": "Finally, Mowgli stumbles across the village where his adopted human mother (Messua), is now living, which forces him to come to terms with his humanity and decide whether to rejoin his fellow humans in ``The Spring Running ''.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "British Isles", "paragraph_text": "The term British Isles is controversial in Ireland, where there are objections to its usage due to the association of the word British with Ireland. The Government of Ireland does not recognise or use the term and its embassy in London discourages its use. As a result, Britain and Ireland is used as an alternative description, and Atlantic Archipelago has had limited use among a minority in academia, although British Isles is still commonly employed. Within them, they are also sometimes referred to as these islands.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Esmond Martelli", "paragraph_text": "Arthur Esmonde Martelli (16 June 1878 – 1926) was an Irish international rugby union fullback back who played club rugby for Dublin University. Martelli played international rugby for the British Isles team on its 1899 tour of Australia. He was described by British Isles tour manager, Matthew Mullineux, as having 'an excellent drop, punt and place kick'.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Modern history", "paragraph_text": "The Victorian era of the United Kingdom was the period of Queen Victoria's reign from June 1837 to January 1901. This was a long period of prosperity for the British people, as profits gained from the overseas British Empire, as well as from industrial improvements at home, allowed a large, educated middle class to develop. Some scholars would extend the beginning of the period—as defined by a variety of sensibilities and political games that have come to be associated with the Victorians—back five years to the passage of the Reform Act 1832.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 92903, "question": "where does the term the west come from", "answer": "the Roman Empire", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 }, { "id": 35376, "question": "The people that lived in the British Isles during the #1 era spoke which language?", "answer": "Celtic dialects of the Insular Celtic group", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Mexico City", "paragraph_text": "Mexico City is one of the most important economic hubs in Latin America. The city proper (Federal District) produces 15.8% of the country's gross domestic product. According to a study conducted by PwC, Mexico City had a GDP of $390 billion, ranking it as the eighth richest city in the world after the greater metropolitan areas of Tokyo, New York City, Los Angeles, Chicago, Paris, London and Osaka/Kobe (and the richest in the whole of Latin America). Excluding the rest of the Mexican economy, Mexico City alone would rank as the 30th largest economy in the world. Mexico City is the greatest contributor to the country's industrial GDP (15.8%) and also the greatest contributor to the country's GDP in the service sector (25.3%). Due to the limited non-urbanized space at the south—most of which is protected through environmental laws—the contribution of the Federal District in agriculture is the smallest of all federal entities in the country. Mexico City has one of the world's fastest-growing economies and its GDP is set to double by 2020.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Debt-to-GDP ratio", "paragraph_text": "In 2016, United States public debt - to - GDP ratio was at 104.8%. The level of public debt in Japan 2013 was 243.2% of GDP, in China 22.4% and in India 66.7%, according to the IMF, while the public debt - to - GDP ratio at the end of the 2nd quarter of 2016 was at 70.1% of GDP in Germany, 89.1% in the United Kingdom, 98.2% in France and 135.5% in Italy, according to Eurostat.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Chihuahua (state)", "paragraph_text": "The state has the 12th-largest state economy in Mexico, accounting for 2.7% of the country’s GDP. Chihuahua has the fifth highest manufacturing GDP in Mexico and ranks second for the most factories funded by foreign investment in the country. As of 2011[update], the state had an estimated 396 billion pesos (31.1 billion dollars) of annual GDP. According to official federal statistical studies, the service sector accounted for the largest portion of the state economy at 59.28%; the manufacturing and industrial sector is estimated to account for 34.36% of the state's GDP, with the agricultural sector accounting for 6.36% of the state's GDP. Manufacturing sector was the principal foreign investment in the state followed by the mining sector. In 2011, the state received approximately 884 million dollars in remittances from the United States, which was 4.5% of all remittances from the United States to Mexico.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Gross domestic product", "paragraph_text": "William Petty came up with a basic concept of GDP to defend landlords against unfair taxation during warfare between the Dutch and the English between 1652 and 1674. Charles Davenant developed the method further in 1695. The modern concept of GDP was first developed by Simon Kuznets for a US Congress report in 1934. In this report, Kuznets warned against its use as a measure of welfare (see below under limitations and criticisms). After the Bretton Woods conference in 1944, GDP became the main tool for measuring a country's economy. At that time gross national product (GNP) was the preferred estimate, which differed from GDP in that it measured production by a country's citizens at home and abroad rather than its' resident institutional units' (see OECD definition above). The switch from ``GNP ''to`` GDP'' in the US was in 1991, trailing behind most other nations. Crucial to the development of GDP was its role in the wartime effort. A crucial role was played here by the US Department of Commerce under Milton Gilbert where ideas from Kuznets were embedded into governmental institutions.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Gross national income", "paragraph_text": "When a country's capital or labour resources are employed outside its borders, or when a foreign firm is operating in its territory, GDP and GNP can produce different measures of total output. In 2009 for instance, the United States estimated its GDP at $14.119 trillion, and its GNP at $14.265 trillion.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "List of Oceanian countries by GDP (nominal)", "paragraph_text": "Country Nominal GDP (2014 CIA estimate in millions USD) GDP per capita (2014 CIA estimate in USD) GDP (PPP) (IMF estimate in millions USD) GDP (PPP) per capita (IMF estimate in USD) Australia 1,444,000 46,400 1,188,764 47,644.363 Federated States of Micronesia 3,000 314 3,032.615 Fiji 4,212 8,200 8,374 9,353.390 Kiribati 1,700 211 1,820.750 Marshall Islands 3,300 180 3,239.708 Nauru 5,000 (2005 est.) - New Zealand 198,100 35,200 174,845 37,108.005 Palau 16,300 276 15,260.417 Papua New Guinea 16,060 2,400 28,022 3,542.097 Samoa 826 5,200 1,046 5,368.510 Solomon Islands 1,155 1,900 1,198 1,995.697 Tonga 454 4,900 557 5,332.190 Tuvalu 3,300 39 3,566.816 Vanuatu 812 3,300 723 2,631.360", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Financial position of the United States", "paragraph_text": "The financial position of the United States includes assets of at least $269.6 trillion (1576% of GDP) and debts of $145.8 trillion (852% of GDP) to produce a net worth of at least $123.8 trillion (723% of GDP) as of Q1 2014.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "History of San Antonio", "paragraph_text": "The ``Villa de Bejar ''was founded by Spanish explorers on May 5th, 1718, by then Governor Martin Alarcon, at the headwaters of the San Pedro Creek. The mission San Antonio de Valero was established on the east bank of the creek and a presidio was 3 / 4 of a league downstream. Development of the Spanish colonial city followed. A trading post was also established near the presidio and the town developed as the capital of Tejas, a province of colonial Spain. It was the northernmost settlement associated with the Hispanic culture of the Valley of Mexico.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Paris", "paragraph_text": "Paris (French pronunciation: ​ (paʁi) (listen)) is the capital and most populous city in France, with an administrative - limits area of 105 square kilometres (41 square miles) and an official population of 2,206,488 (2015). The city is a commune and department, and the heart of the 12,012 - square - kilometre (4,638 - square - mile) Île - de-France region (colloquially known as the 'Paris Region'), whose 2016 population of 12,142,802 represented roughly 18 percent of the population of France. Since the 17th century, Paris has been one of Europe's major centres of finance, commerce, fashion, science, and the arts. The Paris Region had a GDP of €649.6 billion (US $763.4 billion) in 2014, accounting for 30.4 percent of the GDP of France. According to official estimates, in 2013 - 14 the Paris Region had the third - highest GDP in the world and the largest regional GDP in the EU.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Economy of Greece", "paragraph_text": "Between 1832 and 2002 the currency of Greece was the drachma. After signing the Maastricht Treaty, Greece applied to join the eurozone. The two main convergence criteria were a maximum budget deficit of 3% of GDP and a declining public debt if it stood above 60% of GDP. Greece met the criteria as shown in its 1999 annual public account. On 1 January 2001, Greece joined the eurozone, with the adoption of the euro at the fixed exchange rate ₯340.75 to €1. However, in 2001 the euro only existed electronically, so the physical exchange from drachma to euro only took place on 1 January 2002. This was followed by a ten-year period for eligible exchange of drachma to euro, which ended on 1 March 2012.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Economy of Greece", "paragraph_text": "After fourteen consecutive years of economic growth, Greece went into recession in 2008. By the end of 2009, the Greek economy faced the highest budget deficit and government debt-to-GDP ratios in the EU. After several upward revisions, the 2009 budget deficit is now estimated at 15.7% of GDP. This, combined with rapidly rising debt levels (127.9% of GDP in 2009) led to a precipitous increase in borrowing costs, effectively shutting Greece out of the global financial markets and resulting in a severe economic crisis.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Economy of India", "paragraph_text": "India ranks second worldwide in farm output. Agriculture and allied sectors like forestry, logging and fishing accounted for 17% of the GDP. The sector employed 49% of its total workforce in 2014. Agriculture accounted for 23% of GDP, and employed 59% of the country's total workforce in 2016. As the Indian economy has diversified and grown, agriculture's contribution to GDP has steadily declined from 1951 to 2011, yet it is still the country's largest employment source and a significant piece of its overall socio - economic development. Crop - yield - per - unit - area of all crops has grown since 1950, due to the special emphasis placed on agriculture in the five - year plans and steady improvements in irrigation, technology, application of modern agricultural practices and provision of agricultural credit and subsidies since the Green Revolution in India. However, international comparisons reveal the average yield in India is generally 30% to 50% of the highest average yield in the world. The states of Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Bihar, West Bengal, Gujarat and Maharashtra are key contributors to Indian agriculture.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Paraguay", "paragraph_text": "Average life expectancy in Paraguay is rather high given its poverty: as of 2006, it was 75 years, equivalent to far wealthier Argentina, and the 8th highest in the Americas according to World Health Organization. Public expenditure on health is 2.6% of GDP, while private health expenditure is 5.1%. Infant mortality was 20 per 1,000 births in 2005. Maternal mortality was 150 per 100,000 live births in 2000.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Liberia", "paragraph_text": "The Central Bank of Liberia is responsible for printing and maintaining the Liberian dollar, which is the primary form of currency in Liberia. Liberia is one of the world's poorest countries, with a formal employment rate of 15%. GDP per capita peaked in 1980 at US$496, when it was comparable to Egypt's (at the time). In 2011, the country's nominal GDP was US$1.154 billion, while nominal GDP per capita stood at US$297, the third-lowest in the world. Historically, the Liberian economy has depended heavily on foreign aid, foreign direct investment and exports of natural resources such as iron ore, rubber and timber.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Economy of India", "paragraph_text": "The economy of India is the sixth - largest in the world measured by nominal GDP and the third - largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). The country ranks 141st in per capita GDP (nominal) with $1723 and 123rd in per capita GDP (PPP) with $6,616 as of 2016. After 1991 economic liberalisation, India achieved 6 - 7% average GDP growth annually. In FY 2015 and 2017 India's economy became the world's fastest growing major economy surpassing China.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Ximena Valero", "paragraph_text": "Ximena Valero was born Jimena del Carmen Valero Jarillo in Mexico City, Distrito Federal, Mexico to Carmen Jarillo-Yañez, a school teacher and housewife, and José L. Valero, M.D. a plastic surgeon. Ximena's parents moved to Tijuana, Mexico in 1982. She started studying fashion during summer breaks at the age of 8. It was with her mother's influence that she began to study fashion and couture lessons. At which point, fashion design grew to be her passion, eventually leading her to become a student of fashion design at Fashion Institute of Design and Merchandising, in neighboring San Diego, at the age of 17.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Military budget of the United States", "paragraph_text": "For FY 2010, Department of Defense spending amounts to 4.7% of GDP. Because the U.S. GDP has risen over time, the military budget can rise in absolute terms while shrinking as a percentage of the GDP. For example, the Department of Defense budget is slated to be $664 billion in 2010 (including the cost of operations in Iraq and Afghanistan previously funded through supplementary budget legislation), higher than at any other point in American history, but still 1.1 -- 1.4% lower as a percentage of GDP than the amount spent on military during the peak of Cold - War military spending in the late 1980s. Admiral Mike Mullen, former Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, has called four percent an ``absolute floor ''. This calculation does not take into account some other military - related non-DOD spending, such as Veterans Affairs, Homeland Security, and interest paid on debt incurred in past wars, which has increased even as a percentage of the national GDP.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Athanasius of Alexandria", "paragraph_text": "However Cornelius Clifford places his birth no earlier than 296 and no later than 298, based on the fact that Athanasius indicates no first hand recollection of the Maximian persecution of 303, which he suggests Athanasius would have remembered if he had been ten years old at the time. Secondly, the Festal Epistles state that the Arians had accused Athanasius, among other charges, of not having yet attained the canonical age (30) and thus could not have been properly ordained as Patriarch of Alexandria in 328. The accusation must have seemed plausible. The Orthodox Church places his year of birth around 297.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Economy of India", "paragraph_text": "The economy of India is a developing mixed economy. It is the world's sixth - largest economy by nominal GDP and the third - largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). The country ranks 141st in per capita GDP (nominal) with $1723 and 123rd in per capita GDP (PPP) with $6,616 as of 2016. After 1991 economic liberalisation, India achieved 6 - 7% average GDP growth annually. In FY 2015 and 2017 India's economy became the world's fastest growing major economy surpassing China.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Paris", "paragraph_text": "The Paris Region is France's leading region for economic activity, with a 2012 GDP of €624 billion (US$687 billion). In 2011, its GDP ranked second among the regions of Europe and its per-capita GDP was the 4th highest in Europe. While the Paris region's population accounted for 18.8 percent of metropolitan France in 2011, the Paris region's GDP accounted for 30 percent of metropolitan France's GDP. In 2015 it hosts the world headquarters of 29 of the 31 Fortune Global 500 companies located in France.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 144969, "question": "What is the place of birth of Ximena Valero?", "answer": "Mexico City", "paragraph_support_idx": 15 }, { "id": 19219, "question": "What is the GDP of #1 ?", "answer": "$390 billion", "paragraph_support_idx": 0 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Stevens T. Mason", "paragraph_text": "Stevens Thomson Mason (October 27, 1811January 4, 1843) was an American politician who served as the first Governor of Michigan from 1835 to 1840. Coming to political prominence at an early age, Mason was appointed his territory's acting Territorial Secretary by Andrew Jackson at 19, becoming the acting territorial governor soon thereafter in 1834 at 22. As territorial governor, Mason was instrumental in guiding Michigan to statehood, which was secured in 1837. A member of the Democratic Party, he was elected as Michigan's first state governor in 1835, where he served until 1840. Elected at 23 and taking office at 24, Mason was and remains the youngest state governor in American history.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "2018 Alaska gubernatorial election", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 Alaska gubernatorial election will take place on November 6, 2018, to elect the Governor and Lieutenant Governor of Alaska. Incumbent Governor Bill Walker is running for re-election to a second term again as an Independent candidate. In the primaries for recognized political parties, candidates for Governor and Lieutenant Governor run separately. The winners of each respective primary for Governor and Lieutenant Governor then become a joint ticket in the general election for their political party.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Mykhailo Hrechyna", "paragraph_text": "Mykhailo Hrechyna was born in the village of Budyshche, Kiev Governorate (Russian Empire), today it's the village of Cherkasy Raion around the city of Cherkasy. In 1930 he graduated from the architect department of the Kiev Art Institute (today, National Academy of visual arts and architecture).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Amy Nicoletto", "paragraph_text": "Amy Nicoletto (born in southern New Jersey) is an American tattoo artist and television personality most known for her appearances as a tattoo artist on the TLC reality television show \"LA Ink\". Her name is sometimes misspelled as Nicoletti or Nicoletta.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Gone Girl (novel)", "paragraph_text": "When Nick and Amy both lose their jobs in New York, they relocate to Nick's hometown in Missouri to help take care of Nick's sick mother. This causes their marriage to take a turn -- Amy loved their life in New York and hates living in the midwest, and she soon begins to resent Nick for making her move to his hometown.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Minnesota State Capitol", "paragraph_text": "The Minnesota State Capitol is the seat of government for the U.S. state of Minnesota, in its capital city of Saint Paul. It houses the Minnesota Senate, Minnesota House of Representatives, the office of the Attorney General and the office of the Governor. The building also includes a chamber for the Minnesota Supreme Court, although court activities usually take place in the neighboring Minnesota Judicial Center.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Ratu Atut Chosiyah", "paragraph_text": "Ratu Atut Chosiyah (born Ciomas, Serang, Banten, 16 May 1962) is a former governor of the province of Banten, Indonesia. She was suspended from office in 2014 because of a corruption case. She held office for several terms. Before her election as governor in 2006, she was the deputy governor under Djoko Munandar starting from January 11, 2002. Djoko was involved in a corruption case and was suspended from office in October 2005. President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono appointed Ratu Atut as the acting governor to take over Djoko's administrative duties and she later became governor. She thus became the first female governor in Indonesia. In May 2014, she was formally charged by the Indonesian Corruption Eradication Commission for alleged corruption. In early September 2014, she was sentenced to a four-year term of imprisonment on the charges brought by the Commission against her.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Amy Spindler", "paragraph_text": "Amy M. Spindler (1963, Michigan City, Indiana – 27 February 2004, New York City) was an American journalist who had been style editor of \"The New York Times Magazine\". She died of a brain tumor in 2004 at the age of 40 in Manhattan, New York.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Cherepovets Governorate", "paragraph_text": "Cherepovets Governorate (, \"Cherepovetskaya guberniya\") was a governorate (\"guberniya\") of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1918 to 1927. Its seat was in the city of Cherepovets. The governorate was located in the North of European Russia, and its territory is currently divided between Vologda, Novgorod, and Leningrad Oblasts.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Zarqa Governorate", "paragraph_text": "Zarqa Governorate (Arabic \"محافظة الزرقاء\" \"Muħāfazat az-Zarqāʔ\", local dialects \"ez-Zergā\" or \"ez-Zer'a\") is the third largest governorate in Jordan by population. The capital of Zarqa governorate is Zarqa City, which is the largest city in the governorate. It is located east of the Jordanian capital Amman. The second largest city in the governorate is Russeifa.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Chief minister (India)", "paragraph_text": "a citizen of India. should be a member of the state legislature. If a person is elected chief minister who is not a member of the legislature, then he / she must take sign from governor. of 25 years of age or more", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Francisco Cajigal de la Vega", "paragraph_text": "He was governor of Cuba in 1760 at the time of the death of the previous viceroy, Agustín de Ahumada. The Audiencia possessed sealed orders to be opened on the death of Ahumada, and these named Cajigal to fill the position on an interim basis. He sailed from Havana for Veracruz on March 28, 1760. He remained in Veracruz a few days awaiting the arrival of the vehicle intended to take him to Mexico City. He made his solemn entry into Mexico City on April 28, 1760 and took up the government.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Kazan Governorate", "paragraph_text": "The Kazan Governorate (; ; , \"Husan kĕperniĕ\"), or the Government of Kazan, was a governorate (a \"guberniya\") of the Tsardom of Russia, the Russian Empire, and the Russian SFSR from 1708–1920, with its seat in the city of Kazan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Kiran Bedi", "paragraph_text": "Kiran Bedi (born 9 June 1949) is a retired Indian Police Service officer, social activist, former tennis player and politician who is the current Lieutenant Governor of Puducherry. She is the first woman to join the Indian Police Service (IPS). She remained in service for 35 years before taking voluntary retirement in 2007 as Director General, Bureau of Police Research and Development.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Quneitra Governorate", "paragraph_text": "Quneitra Governorate ( / ALA-LC: \"Muḥāfaẓat Al-Qunayṭrah\") is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria. It is situated in southern Syria, notable for the location of the Golan Heights. The governorate borders the countries of Lebanon, Jordan and Israel, and the Syrian governorates of Daraa and Rif Dimashq. Its area varies, according to different sources, from 685 km² to 1,861 km². The governorate had a population of 87,000 at the 2010 estimate. The nominal capital is the now abandoned city of Quneitra, destroyed by Israel before their withdrawal in June 1974 in the aftermath of the Yom Kippur War; since 1986, the \"de facto\" capital is Ba'ath City.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "6th of October Governorate", "paragraph_text": "The 6th of October Governorate was split from the Giza Governorate on 17 April 2008. It was created through a presidential decree in order to ease the burden placed on Giza, one of Egypt's most densely populated governorates. The 6th of October City became the capital of the 6th of October Governorate, which was mostly made up of recently established planned communities such as the Sheikh Zayed City. On 14 April 2011, prime minister Essam Sharaf dissolved the 6th of October Governorate and reincorporated its territory into the Giza Governorate.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Governor of New Jersey", "paragraph_text": "The first Governor of New Jersey was William Livingston, who served from August 31, 1776, to July 25, 1790. The current governor is Phil Murphy, who assumed office on January 16, 2018. His term ends in January 2022.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Cincinnati", "paragraph_text": "The present Mayor of Cincinnati is John Cranley. The nine-member city council is composed of Vice Mayor Christopher Smitherman and Councilmembers Tamaya Dennard (President Pro-Tem), David Mann, Amy Murray, Chris Seelbach, P.G. Sittenfeld, Greg Landsman, Jeff Pastor, and Wendell Young. The city manager is Harry Black, and the manager maintains two assistant city managers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "António de Albuquerque Coelho", "paragraph_text": "António de Albuquerque Coelho was the Governor of Macau from 1718-1719 and Colonial Governor of Portuguese Timor appointed in 1722. He almost did not make it to Macau as the captain of the ship that was to take him to Macau left him in Goa instead. Later, in East Timor, he was besieged by Topasses during his three years of services there.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Monica Horan", "paragraph_text": "Monica Louise Horan (born January 29, 1963) is an American actress best known for her role as Amy MacDougall - Barone on the television sitcom Everybody Loves Raymond.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 144059, "question": "In what city was Amy Nicoletto born?", "answer": "New Jersey", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 }, { "id": 67119, "question": "when does the #1 governor take over", "answer": "January 16, 2018", "paragraph_support_idx": 16 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Cyprus", "paragraph_text": "However, the division of power as foreseen by the constitution soon resulted in legal impasses and discontent on both sides, and nationalist militants started training again, with the military support of Greece and Turkey respectively. The Greek Cypriot leadership believed that the rights given to Turkish Cypriots under the 1960 constitution were too extensive and designed the Akritas plan, which was aimed at reforming the constitution in favour of Greek Cypriots, persuading the international community about the correctness of the changes and violently subjugating Turkish Cypriots in a few days should they not accept the plan. Tensions were heightened when Cypriot President Archbishop Makarios III called for constitutional changes, which were rejected by Turkey and opposed by Turkish Cypriots.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Constitution of Texas", "paragraph_text": "Article 15 describes the process of impeachment and lists grounds on which to impeach judges. The House of Representatives is granted the power of impeachment.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Greece", "paragraph_text": "According to the Constitution, executive power is exercised by the President of the Republic and the Government. From the Constitutional amendment of 1986 the President's duties were curtailed to a significant extent, and they are now largely ceremonial; most political power thus lies in the hands of the Prime Minister. The position of Prime Minister, Greece's head of government, belongs to the current leader of the political party that can obtain a vote of confidence by the Parliament. The President of the Republic formally appoints the Prime Minister and, on his recommendation, appoints and dismisses the other members of the Cabinet.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "1957 Swiss referendums", "paragraph_text": "Four referendums were held in Switzerland during 1957. The first two were held on 3 March on a federal resolutions on introducing two new articles to the federal constitution; 22bis concerning civil protection and 36bis on radio and television. Both were rejected. The third and fourth were held on 24 November on introducing another article to the constitution (24 quinquies concerning nuclear power and protection from radiation) and a federal resolution on prolonging the federal breadstuffs law. Both were approved.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "2014 Egyptian constitutional referendum", "paragraph_text": "Mohammad Morsi was removed from power during the 30 June Revolution. The timetable established by interim president Adly Mansour envisioned a rapid transition, which initially entailed amending the suspended 2012 constitution.The process of amending the 2012 constitution began with a committee of 10 legal experts. The draft amendments by the committee of 10 made many notable changes to the text of the 2012 constitution. The committee of 10 completed their work on 20 August 2013.The second phase of the process included amendments by a committee of 50; those 50 people were announced on 1 September 2013. Amr Moussa was chosen as the chairman of the committee of 50 on 8 September 2013. The draft constitution was given to President Mansour on 3 December 2013.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Egypt", "paragraph_text": "On 18 January 2014, the interim government successfully institutionalised a more secular constitution. The president is elected to a four-year term and may serve 2 terms. The parliament may impeach the president. Under the constitution, there is a guarantee of gender equality and absolute freedom of thought. The military retains the ability to appoint the national Minister of Defence for the next 8 years. Under the constitution, political parties may not be based on \"religion, race, gender or geography\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Somalis", "paragraph_text": "Alongside Barre, the Supreme Revolutionary Council (SRC) that assumed power after President Sharmarke's assassination was led by Lieutenant Colonel Salaad Gabeyre Kediye and Chief of Police Jama Korshel. The SRC subsequently renamed the country the Somali Democratic Republic, dissolved the parliament and the Supreme Court, and suspended the constitution.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Impeachment of Bill Clinton", "paragraph_text": "Leading to the impeachment, Independent Counsel Ken Starr turned over documentation to the House Judiciary Committee. Chief Prosecutor David Schippers and his team reviewed the material and determined there was sufficient evidence to impeach the president. As a result, four charges were considered by the full House of Representatives; two passed, making Clinton the second president to be impeached, after Andrew Johnson in 1868, and only the third against whom articles of impeachment had been brought before the full House for consideration (Richard Nixon resigned from the presidency in 1974, while an impeachment process against him was underway).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Maximiliano Hernández Martínez", "paragraph_text": "Maximiliano Hernández Martínez (October 20, 1882 – May 15, 1966) was the Acting President of El Salvador from 1931 to 1934 and the 30th President of El Salvador from 1935 to 1944. He was the leader of El Salvador during World War II. While he served as President Arturo Araujo's vice-president and defense minister, a directorate seized power during a palace coup and afterwards named General Hernández Martínez president of El Salvador.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "President of Mexico", "paragraph_text": "Currently, the office of the President is considered to be revolutionary, in that the powers of office are derived from the Revolutionary Constitution of 1917. Another legacy of the Revolution is its ban on re-election. Mexican presidents are limited to a single six - year term, called a sexenio. No one who has held the post, even on a caretaker basis, is allowed to run or serve again. The constitution and the office of the President closely follow the presidential system of government.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Let's Impeach the President", "paragraph_text": "\"Let's Impeach the President\" is a protest song written, produced and recorded by Neil Young. It is the seventh track on his 2006 studio album \"Living with War\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Prime Minister of India", "paragraph_text": "The Constitution envisions a scheme of affairs in which the President of India is the head of the executive in terms of Article 53 with office of the prime minister as chief of Council of Ministers to assist and advise the president in the discharge of his / her constitutional functions. To quote, Article 53, 74 and 75 provide as under;", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Government of India", "paragraph_text": "The executive power is vested mainly in the President of India, as per Article 53 (1) of the constitution. The president has all constitutional powers and exercises them directly or through officers subordinate to him as per the aforesaid Article 53 (1). The president is to act in accordance with aid and advice tendered by the prime minister, who leads the council of ministers as described in Article 74 of the Constitution of India.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Vice President of Venezuela", "paragraph_text": "The Vice President of Venezuela (), officially known as the Executive Vice President of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (), is the second highest political position in the government of Venezuela. The Vice President is the direct collaborator of the Venezuelan President according to the Constitution. The office of Vice President appeared in the Constitution of 1830 until the Constitution of 1858, and once again in the Constitution of 1999. However, in its current (1999) incarnation, the office is more akin to a Prime Minister in systems as those of France and South Korea.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Carlos Manuel Piedra", "paragraph_text": "Carlos Modesto Piedra y Piedra (1895–1988) held the presidency of Cuba for a single day (January 1, 1959) during the transition of power between Fulgencio Batista and revolutionary leader Fidel Castro in the Cuban Revolution. Piedra was appointed provisional President by a junta led by Eulogio Cantillo in accordance with the 1940 Cuban constitution. Piedra had previously been the eldest judge of the Supreme Court. Piedra's appointment was met with opposition from Castro who believed that Manuel Urrutia should be appointed.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "White House Chief of Staff", "paragraph_text": "The duties of the White House chief of staff vary greatly from one administration to another and, in fact, there is no legal requirement that the president even fill the position. However, since at least 1979, all presidents have found the need for a chief of staff, who typically oversees the actions of the White House staff, manages the president's schedule, and decides who is allowed to meet with the president. Because of these duties, the chief of staff has at various times been labeled ``The Gatekeeper '', or`` the power behind the throne''.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Atomic Energy Regulatory Board", "paragraph_text": "The Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB) was constituted on 15 November 1983 by the President of India by exercising the powers conferred by Section 27 of the Atomic Energy Act, 1962 (33 of 1962) to carry out certain regulatory and safety functions under the Act. The regulatory authority of AERB is derived from the rules and notifications promulgated under the Atomic Energy Act, 1962 and the Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986. The headquarters is in Mumbai.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution", "paragraph_text": "On July 21, 2007, President Bush again invoked Section 3 in response to having to undergo a colonoscopy, temporarily transferring his powers to Vice President Cheney. President Bush invoked Section 3 at 7: 16 a.m. EDT. He reclaimed his powers at 9: 21 a.m. EDT. As happened in 2002, Bush specifically cited Section 3 when he transferred the Presidential powers to the Vice President and when he reclaimed those powers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Term limits in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Office Term limits President Limited to being elected to a total of 2 four - year terms. A President by succession who completes more than two years of a former President's unfinished term may be elected in his or her own right only once, and 2 more four - year terms are permitted if they complete two years or less. Becoming a President by succession may happen to someone an unlimited number of times, for example, if he or she is Vice President and the President dies, resigns or is removed from office via impeachment conviction. Vice President Unlimited four - year terms House of Representatives Unlimited two - year terms Senate Unlimited six - year terms Supreme Court No term limits, appointed to serve ``during good behavior ''(but can be impeached and removed from office for`` high Crimes and Misdemeanors''); in practice a Justice serves until death or stepping down (by retirement or resignation)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Impeachment in the United States", "paragraph_text": "At the federal level, Article Two of the United States Constitution states in Section 4 that ``The President, Vice President, and all civil Officers of the United States shall be removed from Office on Impeachment for, and conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other High Crimes and Misdemeanors. ''The House of Representatives has the sole power of impeaching, while the United States Senate has the sole power to try all impeachments. The removal of impeached officials is automatic upon conviction in the Senate. In Nixon v. United States (1993), the Supreme Court determined that the federal judiciary can not review such proceedings.", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 83144, "question": "who has the power to impeach the president constitution", "answer": "House of Representatives", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 }, { "id": 52251, "question": "what is another name for #1", "answer": "the lower chamber of the United States Congress", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Hemostasis", "paragraph_text": "Hemostasis occurs when blood is present outside of the body or blood vessels. It is the instinctive response for the body to stop bleeding and loss of blood. During hemostasis three steps occur in a rapid sequence. Vascular spasm is the first response as the blood vessels constrict to allow less blood to be lost. In the second step, platelet plug formation, platelets stick together to form a temporary seal to cover the break in the vessel wall. The third and last step is called coagulation or blood clotting. Coagulation reinforces the platelet plug with fibrin threads that act as a ``molecular glue ''. Platelets are a large factor in the hemostatic process. They allow for the creation of the`` platelet plug'' that forms almost directly after a blood vessel has been ruptured. Within seconds of a blood vessel's epithelial wall being disrupted platelets begin to adhere to the sub-endothelium surface. It takes approximately sixty seconds until the first fibrin strands begin to intersperse among the wound. After several minutes the platelet plug is completely formed by fibrin. Hemostasis is maintained in the body via three mechanisms:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Chordae tendineae", "paragraph_text": "When the ventricles of the heart contract in ventricular systole, the increased blood pressures in both chambers push the AV valves to close simultaneously, preventing backflow of blood into the atria. Since the blood pressure in atria is much lower than that in the ventricles, the flaps attempt to evert to the low pressure regions. The chordae tendineae prevent the eversion, prolapse, by becoming tense thus pulling the flaps, holding them in closed position.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Annelid", "paragraph_text": "Earthworms are Oligochaetes that support terrestrial food chains both as prey and in some regions are important in aeration and enriching of soil. The burrowing of marine polychaetes, which may constitute up to a third of all species in near-shore environments, encourages the development of ecosystems by enabling water and oxygen to penetrate the sea floor. In addition to improving soil fertility, annelids serve humans as food and as bait. Scientists observe annelids to monitor the quality of marine and fresh water. Although blood-letting is no longer in favor with doctors, some leech species are regarded as endangered species because they have been over-harvested for this purpose in the last few centuries. Ragworms' jaws are now being studied by engineers as they offer an exceptional combination of lightness and strength.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Finances of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints", "paragraph_text": "By the time Lorenzo Snow became church president in 1898, the church was $2.3 million in debt. Snow reemphasized the payment of tithing (giving 10% of one's income to the church) and by 1907 the church was completely out of debt and since then has not used debt to fund its operations, even for capital projects. An early pioneer venture of the LDS Church was ZCMI which lasted from 1868 to divesting ZCMI Center Mall in 2007.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Let It Be", "paragraph_text": "``Let It Be ''is a song by the English rock band the Beatles, released in March 1970 as a single, and (in an alternate mix) as the title track of their album Let It Be. At the time, it had the highest debut on the Billboard Hot 100, beginning its chart run at number 6. It was written and sung by Paul McCartney. It was their final single before McCartney announced his departure from the band. Both the Let It Be album and the US single`` The Long and Winding Road'' were released after McCartney's announced departure from and the subsequent break - up of the group.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Debtor-in-possession financing", "paragraph_text": "Debtor-in-possession financing or DIP financing is a special form of financing provided for companies in financial distress, typically during restructuring under corporate bankruptcy law (such as Chapter 11 bankruptcy in the US or CCAA in Canada). Usually, this debt is considered senior to all other debt, equity, and any other securities issued by a company — violating any \"absolute priority rule\" by placing the new financing ahead of a company's existing debts for payment.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Cardiac cycle", "paragraph_text": "The cardiac cycle is the performance of the human heart from the beginning of one heartbeat to the beginning of the next. It consists of two periods: one during which the heart muscle relaxes and refills with blood, called diastole (die - ASS - toe - lee), followed by a period of robust contraction and pumping of blood, dubbed systole (SIS - toe - lee). After emptying, the heart immediately relaxes and expands to receive another influx of blood returning from the lungs and other systems of the body -- before again contracting to pump blood to the lungs and those systems. A normally performing heart must be fully expanded before it can efficiently pump again. Assuming a healthy heart and a typical rate of 70 to 75 beats per minute, each cardiac cycle, or heartbeat, takes about 0.8 second to complete the cycle.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Debt: The First 5000 Years", "paragraph_text": "Debt: The First 5,000 Years is a book by anthropologist David Graeber published in 2011. It explores the historical relationship of debt with social institutions such as barter, marriage, friendship, slavery, law, religion, war and government; in short, much of the fabric of human life in society. It draws on the history and anthropology of a number of civilizations, large and small, from the first known records of debt from Sumer in 3500 BC until the present.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "There Is Power in a Union", "paragraph_text": "``There Is Power in a Union ''is a song written by Joe Hill in 1913. The Industrial Workers of the World (commonly known as the Wobblies) concentrated much of its labor trying to organize migrant workers in lumber and construction camps. They sometimes had competition for the attention of the workers from religious organizations. The song uses the tune of Lewis E. Jones' 1899 hymn`` There Is Power in the Blood (Of the Lamb)''.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "National debt of the United States", "paragraph_text": "As of July 31, 2018, debt held by the public was $15.6 trillion and intragovernmental holdings were $5.7 trillion, for a total or ``National Debt ''of $21.4 trillion. Debt held by the public was approximately 77% of GDP in 2017, ranked 43rd highest out of 207 countries. The Congressional Budget Office forecast in April 2018 that the ratio will rise to nearly 100% by 2028, perhaps higher if current policies are extended beyond their scheduled expiration date. As of December 2017, $6.3 trillion or approximately 45% of the debt held by the public was owned by foreign investors, the largest being China (about $1.18 trillion) then Japan (about $1.06 trillion).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Palm Island, Queensland", "paragraph_text": "Palm Island is often termed a classic \"tropical paradise\" given its natural endowments, but it has had a troubled history since the European settlement of Australia. For much of the twentieth century it was used by the Queensland Government as a settlement for Aboriginals considered guilty of such infractions as being \"disruptive\", being pregnant to a white man or being born with mixed blood.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "European Central Bank", "paragraph_text": "There is also a widespread view[vague][who?] that giving much more financial support to continuously cover the debt crisis or allow even higher budget deficits or debt levels would discourage the crisis states to implement necessary reforms to regain their competitiveness.[citation needed] There has also been a reluctance[citation needed] of financially stable eurozone states like Germany[citation needed] to further circumvent the no-bailout clause in the EU contracts and to generally take on the burden of financing or guaranteeing the debts of financially unstable or defaulting eurozone countries.[citation needed]", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Leach Railroad Station, Kentucky", "paragraph_text": "Leach Railroad Station, is an unincorporated community located 3 miles south of Catlettsburg in Boyd County, Kentucky. It was first established in approximately 1882 as a freight and passenger loading facility for the Chatteroi railroad (later Chesapeake and Ohio Railway). The former community of Leech Station is now mostly owned by Marathon Oil, which operates one of its seven oil refineries there. Marathon bought the large refinery at Leech Station from Ashland, Inc. in 1999. In 2000, Marathon took over ownership of old U.S. 23 and then purchased the remaining residential property located at Leech Station.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Annelid", "paragraph_text": "However, leeches and their closest relatives have a body structure that is very uniform within the group but significantly different from that of other annelids, including other members of the Clitellata. In leeches there are no septa, the connective tissue layer of the body wall is so thick that it occupies much of the body, and the two coelomata are widely separated and run the length of the body. They function as the main blood vessels, although they are side-by-side rather than upper and lower. However, they are lined with mesothelium, like the coelomata and unlike the blood vessels of other annelids. Leeches generally use suckers at their front and rear ends to move like inchworms. The anus is on the upper surface of the pygidium.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Christ Cathedral (Garden Grove, California)", "paragraph_text": "Beginning in 2010, creditors of Crystal Cathedral Ministries filed lawsuits to collect money due to them for providing goods, services and broadcasting The Hour of Power weekly TV show. A board member said that the total debt was $55 million.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Reye syndrome", "paragraph_text": "The cause of Reye syndrome is unknown. It usually begins shortly after recovery from a viral infection, such as influenza or chickenpox. About 90% of cases are associated with aspirin (salicylate) use in children. Inborn errors of metabolism are also a risk factor. Changes on blood tests may include a high blood ammonia level, low blood sugar level, and prolonged prothrombin time. Often the liver is enlarged.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Annelid", "paragraph_text": "Accounts of the use of leeches for the medically dubious practise of blood-letting have come from China around 30 AD, India around 200 AD, ancient Rome around 50 AD and later throughout Europe. In the 19th century medical demand for leeches was so high that some areas' stocks were exhausted and other regions imposed restrictions or bans on exports, and Hirudo medicinalis is treated as an endangered species by both IUCN and CITES. More recently leeches have been used to assist in microsurgery, and their saliva has provided anti-inflammatory compounds and several important anticoagulants, one of which also prevents tumors from spreading.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Red blood cell", "paragraph_text": "Adult humans have roughly 20 -- 30 trillion red blood cells at any given time, constituting approximately 70% of all cells by number. Women have about 4 -- 5 million red blood cells per microliter (cubic millimeter) of blood and men about 5 -- 6 million; people living at high altitudes with low oxygen tension will have more. Red blood cells are thus much more common than the other blood particles: there are about 4,000 -- 11,000 white blood cells and about 150,000 -- 400,000 platelets per microliter.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Sumer", "paragraph_text": "Periodically \"clean slate\" decrees were signed by rulers which cancelled all the rural (but not commercial) debt and allowed bondservants to return to their homes. Customarily rulers did it at the beginning of the first full year of their reign, but they could also be proclaimed at times of military conflict or crop failure. The first known ones were made by Enmetena and Urukagina of Lagash in 2400-2350 BC. According to Hudson, the purpose of these decrees was to prevent debts mounting to a degree that they threatened fighting force which could happen if peasants lost the subsistence land or became bondservants due to the inability to repay the debt.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Motobdella montezuma", "paragraph_text": "Motobdella montezuma is a species of leech which is only found in Montezuma Well, central Arizona, United States. It is a nocturnal pelagic predator that feeds almost exclusively on the endemic amphipod \"Hyalella montezuma\", which it detects using passive sonar and swallows whole.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 28295, "question": "Where did leeches begin being used for blood-letting?", "answer": "China", "paragraph_support_idx": 16 }, { "id": 75372, "question": "how much debt do we have with #1", "answer": "about $1.18 trillion", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "The Fat Duck", "paragraph_text": "On 31 March 2014, Heston Blumenthal announced he would be closing the restaurant for renovations for 6 months and temporarily relocating it with its entire team to Crown Towers, Melbourne, Australia. The restaurant will be called The Fat Duck for 6 months before being renamed Dinner by Heston Blumenthal. This will be the second restaurant with that name and will be Blumenthal's first restaurant outside of Britain, and his sixth in total. This temporary closure of the Bray location caused the restaurant to become ineligible for assessment for the 2016 Michelin Guide, thus losing its 3 - starred status which it regained the following year.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Nicotine marketing", "paragraph_text": "After World War II, cigarette companies advertised frequently on television programs. To combat this move by the cigarette companies, the Federal Communications Commission required television stations to air anti-smoking advertisements at no cost to the organizations providing such advertisements. In 1970, Congress took their anti-smoking initiative one step further and passed the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act, banning the advertising of cigarettes on television and radio starting on January 2, 1971. After the television ban, most cigarette advertising took place in magazines, newspapers, and on billboards. However, in 1999 all cigarette billboard advertisements were replaced with anti-smoking messages, with some of these anti-smoking messages playing parodies of cigarette companies advertising figures and slogans. Since 1984, cigarette companies have also been forced to place Surgeon's General warnings on all cigarette packs and advertisements because of the passing of the Federal Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act. Restrictions on cigarette companies became even tighter in 2010 with the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act. The act prohibits tobacco companies from sponsoring sports, music, and other cultural events and also prevents the display of their logos or products on T - shirts, hats, or other apparel. The constitutionality of both this act and the Food and Drug Administration's new graphic cigarette warning labels are being questioned under cigarette companies' first amendment rights.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Smoking ban in England", "paragraph_text": "A smoking ban in England, making it illegal to smoke in all enclosed work places in England, came into force on 1 July 2007 as a consequence of the Health Act 2006. Similar bans had already been introduced by the rest of the United Kingdom: in Scotland on 26 March 2006, Wales on 2 April 2007 and Northern Ireland on 30 April 2007.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Burger Chef", "paragraph_text": "In 1982, the General Foods Corporation, owners of the Burger Chef trademark and name, divested itself of the restaurant chain, gradually selling to the owners of Hardee's. The final restaurant to carry the Burger Chef name closed in 1996.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Houston's Restaurant", "paragraph_text": "Houston's Restaurant is an upscale American casual dining restaurant chain, owned by Hillstone Restaurant Group, whose main corporate headquarters is in Beverly Hills, California. There are 51 Hillstone locations in 13 states.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Smoking in Ireland", "paragraph_text": "Smoking in workplaces in Ireland was banned on 29 March 2004, making Ireland the first country in the world to institute an outright ban on smoking in workplaces. From that date onwards, under the Public Health (Tobacco) Acts, it has been illegal to smoke in all enclosed workplaces. The ban is strictly enforced and includes bars, restaurants, clubs, offices, public buildings, company cars, trucks, taxis and vans. A private residence is considered a workplace when tradespeople, such as plumbers or electricians, are working there. €3,000 is the maximum fine on the spot, while a prison sentence can also be given at a later time for violators. The law exempts dwellings, prisons, nursing homes, psychiatric wards, hotel rooms charitable accommodation and college dorm rooms. Certain buildings such as some hospitals forbid smoking anywhere in the grounds.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "List of smoking bans in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Statewide smoking ban: Since January 1, 1995, smoking has been banned in all enclosed workplaces in California, including bars and restaurants (bars were excluded until January 1, 1998); these following areas were exempt until June 9, 2016: meeting and banquet rooms except while food or beverage functions are taking place (including set - up, service, and clean - up activities or when the room is being used for exhibit activities), retail or wholesale tobacco shops and private smokers lounges (i.e. cigar bars), truck cabs / tractors if no nonsmoking employees are present, theatrical production sites if smoking is an integral part of the story, medical research or treatment sites if smoking is integral to the research or treatment being conducted, private residences except homes licensed as family day care homes during the hours of operation and in those areas where children are present, and patient smoking areas in long - term health care facilities.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Ban Pha Tang", "paragraph_text": "Ban Pha Tang or Ban Phatang is a small town in Vientiane Province, Laos. It is located north along Route 13 from Vang Vieng, north of Ban Pakpo, on the bank of the Nam Song River. From Ban Pha Tang, the road climbs steeply to Ban Phahom, Ban Thieng and Muang Kasi. Lonely Planet describes it as a \"pretty riverside village named after Pha Tang, a towering limestone cliff. The town's bridge offers a very photogenic view of its namesake.\" Phatang Resort lies to the south of the settlement.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "El Pollo Loco", "paragraph_text": "El Pollo Loco, Inc. is a restaurant chain based in the United States, specializing in Mexican - style grilled chicken. Restaurant service consists of: dine - in, take - out, with some locations offering drive through options. The company is headquartered in Costa Mesa, California and operates over 400 (as of March 2014) company - owned and franchised restaurants in the Southwestern United States. ``El Pollo Loco ''is Spanish for`` The Crazy Chicken''.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "The Keg", "paragraph_text": "The Keg is a Canadian - owned chain of steakhouse restaurants and bars located in Canada and the United States. The original ``The Keg and Cleaver ''restaurant was founded by George Tidball, in 1971, at a location in North Vancouver, British Columbia. By February 2018, The Keg had expanded to 160 locations in Canada and the United States, when Canadian food industry giant Cara Operations (now known as Recipe Unlimited) purchased the chain for $200 million, from then owners David Aisenstat (49%) and Fairfax Financial (51%). Aisenstat had been the sole owner from 1997 until 2014.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Rosenbad", "paragraph_text": "Rosenbad is located on \"Strömgatan\" on the north side of the river Norrström. It was designed by Art Nouveau architect Ferdinand Boberg, and completed in 1902. It originally housed a variety of functions, including a restaurant (until 1956) of the same name.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Harry's Bar (Venice)", "paragraph_text": "Harry's Bar is, despite its name, mainly a restaurant located at Calle Vallaresso 1323, Venice, Italy, owned by Cipriani S.A..", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "De Bokkepruik", "paragraph_text": "Restaurant De Bokkepruik is a restaurant located in Heemse, Netherlands. It is a fine dining restaurant that was awarded one Michelin star from 1990 to present.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "List of smoking bans in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Statewide smoking ban: On May 1, 2010, after being signed into law by Governor Jennifer Granholm on December 18, 2009, the Dr. Ron Davis Law took effect, banning smoking statewide in all enclosed, indoor workplaces in Michigan, as well as the outdoor patios of bars and restaurants. The law exempts only cigar bars, retail tobacco stores, private home offices, company vehicles including commercial trucks, and Detroit's three casinos' gambling floors. The law is silent as to whether local governments may regulate smoking more strictly than the state, though it prohibits state or local health departments from enacting any smoking rules different than the law. In December 2011, a judge dismissed fines against a Warren, Michigan bar owner who had claimed that his bar's Keno machines classified his establishment as a casino exempt from the ban.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Bubba Gump Shrimp Company", "paragraph_text": "The Bubba Gump Shrimp Company Restaurant and Market is an American seafood restaurant chain inspired by the 1994 film Forrest Gump. As of July 2015, forty Bubba Gump Shrimp Co. restaurants operate worldwide. Twenty - nine of these locations are in the United States, four are in Mexico, three are in Japan, Malaysia and in Colombia and one each in London, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Canada, the Marianas and the Philippines. Two of the Malaysian branches closed in March 2018. The company is based in Houston, Texas, and has been a division of Landry's Restaurants since 2010.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Pub", "paragraph_text": "The number of pubs in the UK has declined year on year, at least since 1982. Various reasons are put forward for this, such as the failure of some establishments to keep up with customer requirements. Others claim the smoking ban of 2007, intense competition from gastro-pubs, the availability of cheap alcohol in supermarkets or the general economic climate are either to blame, or are factors in the decline. Changes in demographics may be an additional factor.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Smoking ban in England", "paragraph_text": "On 16 November 2004 a Public Health white paper proposed a smoking ban in almost all public places in England and Wales. Smoking restrictions would be phased in, with a ban on smoking in NHS and government buildings by 2006, in enclosed public places by 2007, and pubs, bars and restaurants (except pubs not serving food) by the end of 2008.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Comprehensive Smoking Education Act", "paragraph_text": "The Comprehensive Smoking Education Act of 1984 (also known as the Rotational Warning Act) is an act of the Congress of the United States. A national program established in order to improve the availability of information on health risks related to smoking, to amend the Federal Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act so that cigarette warning labels would be different, and for other reasons, the Comprehensive Smoking Education Act was enacted with a purpose to, as stated in Section 1 of the Act, \"provide a new strategy for making Americans more aware of any adverse health effects of smoking, to assure the timely and widespread dissemination of research findings and to enable individuals to make informed decisions about smoking\". Adopted by Congress in 1984 and effective October 12, 1984, the Comprehensive Smoking Education Act created a rotational warning system that required all cigarette packages and advertisements to rotate the following four warnings every three months:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Sidetrack Bar & Grill", "paragraph_text": "Sidetrack Bar and Grill is a restaurant on the east end of Depot Town in Ypsilanti, Michigan, at 56 East Cross Street. It is just down the road from Eastern Michigan University and is a popular hangout for students and faculty. Linda French, who has owned the restaurant since 1980, named it after “its unique location alongside the main railroad line from Detroit to Chicago.” The location has served as a restaurant, under different names, as far back as 1850. It has a large beer selection as well as liquor and wine and has won awards for its food.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "WDBC", "paragraph_text": "WDBC (680 AM, \"The Information Authority\") is a radio station licensed to Escanaba, Michigan broadcasting a full-service format featuring news, talk and adult standards music.", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 130402, "question": "What is the name of the state where WDBC is located?", "answer": "Michigan", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 }, { "id": 63191, "question": "when was smoking banned in restaurants in #1", "answer": "May 1, 2010", "paragraph_support_idx": 13 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Song of Solomon (novel)", "paragraph_text": "Song of Solomon is a 1977 novel by American author Toni Morrison. It follows the life of Macon ``Milkman ''Dead III, an African - American man living in Michigan, from birth to adulthood.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 1, "title": "The Amorous Milkman", "paragraph_text": "The Amorous Milkman is a 1975 British comedy film directed by Derren Nesbitt and starring Julie Ege, Diana Dors and Brendan Price. The plot follows a young milkman who enjoys a number of adventures with bored women on his round. One version of the poster showed a self-satisfied cat licking its lips above the tagline, \"If your pussy could only talk.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Dogpatch USA", "paragraph_text": "Dogpatch USA was a theme park located in northwest Arkansas along State Highway 7 between the cities of Harrison and Jasper, an area known today as Marble Falls. It was opened in 1968, and was based on the comic strip \"Li'l Abner\", created by cartoonist Al Capp and set in a fictional village called Dogpatch. The property that comprised Dogpatch USA was leased in late 2017 to Heritage USA, Inc. and is being renovated to become the site of production and broadcast studios, and an RV park, hotel, theater and theme park. The new park is named Heritage USA Ozarks Resort at Historic Dogpatch, and is currently open while undergoing renovations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Shlock Rock", "paragraph_text": "Shlock Rock is an American-Israeli Jewish rock band, put together in December 1985, and officially founded in 1986, and led by, singer Lenny Solomon, which parodies popular secular songs, substituting new, religious-themed lyrics for the music. To date they have released 36 albums. Shlock Rock continues to record albums and perform live as of 2015, and to date has sold more than 200,000 CD’s, tapes and DVDs in the contemporary Jewish rock arena. Their music is a mix of pop-rock song parodies and original rock songs in English and Hebrew. The purpose of the band is to spread Jewish pride, identity and awareness throughout the Jewish community, for Jewish continuity. Solomon and Shlock Rock tour around the world, playing at concerts, schools, and Jewish events. They are the only Jewish Music band to play a concert in all 50 States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Metro Schechter Academy", "paragraph_text": "Metropolitan Schechter High School was a Conservative Jewish coeducational college preparatory school in Teaneck, New Jersey, USA, that was the result of the combination of the Solomon Schechter High School of New York in Manhattan and the Schechter Regional High School in Teaneck. It started in fall 2006, had its first graduating class in the spring 2007, and never re-opened after summer 2007.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Patuxent High School", "paragraph_text": "Patuxent High School (pronounced- Pa-tucks-ent) is a comprehensive, four-year public high school in Lusby, Calvert County, Maryland, USA. The school draws from the communities of Cove Point, the Chesapeake Ranch Estates, Drum Point and Solomons.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Everybody Needs Somebody to Love", "paragraph_text": "\"Everybody Needs Somebody to Love\" is a song written by Bert Berns, Solomon Burke and Jerry Wexler, and originally recorded by Solomon Burke under the production of Bert Berns at Atlantic Records in 1964. Burke's version charted in 1964, but missed the US top 40, peaking at number 58.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Miss USA 1968", "paragraph_text": "Miss USA 1968, the 17th Miss USA pageant, was televised live by CBS from Miami Beach, Florida on May 18, 1968 hosted by Bob Barker.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Jerry Bryant (songwriter)", "paragraph_text": "Jerry Bryant is an American professional folk music performer specializing in maritime music. In addition to performing traditional songs, he also has written songs in a traditional style. Of his original songs, \"The Ballad of Harbo and Samuelsen\" is among his best known and has been recorded by several other performers including William Pint and Felicia Dale, Forebitter, and Rick Lee (of Solomon's Seal).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Gordon Darcy Lilo", "paragraph_text": "Gordon Darcy Lilo (born 28 August 1965) is a Solomon Islander politician who served as Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands from 16 November 2011 to 9 December 2014. He was a member of the National Parliament of the Solomon Islands, representing the Gizo/Kolombangara constituency spanning Gizo and the island of Kolombangara in Western Province. Lilo previously served as the Solomon Islands Minister of Finance and Treasury.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Just Another Story", "paragraph_text": "Just Another Story is a song by British funk/acid jazz band Jamiroquai. It is the opening track to the second Jamiroquai album \"The Return of the Space Cowboy\", in all countries other than the U.S., where the song switches place with \"Space Cowboy\" to become the eleventh track. \"Just Another Story\" is the second longest album track by Jamiroquai next to \"Revolution 1993\" (however remixes and live performances of various other songs do exist).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "The Happiest Girl in the Whole U.S.A. (song)", "paragraph_text": "``The Happiest Girl in the Whole USA ''is a country and pop music song written, composed, and recorded by Donna Fargo. It is written in the voice of a newlywed girl, sung to her new husband. It has since become her signature song.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "När vi gräver guld i USA", "paragraph_text": "När vi gräver guld i USA also known with its English language title \"When We Dig for Gold in the USA\" was a song which was used as fight song for the Swedish national team during the 1994 FIFA World Cup in the United States, where Sweden ended up third. During the Grammis Awards for 1994, it won the category \"Song of the year 1994\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "The Lively Ones", "paragraph_text": "The Lively Ones were an instrumental surf rock band from USA, active in Southern California in the 1960s. They played live mostly in California and Arizona. They recorded for Del-Fi records with production from Bob Keane. They recorded mostly cover songs, but there were a few originals.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "On Days Like These", "paragraph_text": "\"On Days Like These\" is a song originally recorded by English singer Matt Monro, with music by Quincy Jones and lyrics by Don Black. It was written in 1969 for the British caper film \"The Italian Job\", where it is played prominently in the opening credits, uninterrupted by background soundscape. The recording was produced by George Martin. Despite never charting either in the USA or the UK, the ballad went on to become one of his most famous songs. It was later recorded by Alexander Armstrong on his album \"A Year of Songs\" in 2015.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Songs and Rituals in Real Time", "paragraph_text": "Songs and Rituals in Real Time is a double LP album by Tim Berne released by Empire Productions (USA) in 1982 and re-released on CD as a part of \"The Empire Box\" on Screwgun Records (USA) in 1998. The album was Recorded live at Inroads, New York City on July 1, 1981. It features the quartet of Mack Goldsbury, Ed Schuller, Paul Motian and Tim Berne.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Space Captain", "paragraph_text": "Space Captain – Joe Cocker Live in Concert is a live compilation album from Joe Cocker released in 1976 in several European countries by Cube Records. The album features a selection of songs recorded during Cocker's concerts in USA with Mad Dogs and Englishmen in 1970 and with The Chris Stainton Band in 1972. All the songs had been previously released on the \"Mad Dogs & Englishmen\" and \"Live in L.A.\" albums.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Solomon R. Guggenheim", "paragraph_text": "Solomon Robert Guggenheim (February 2, 1861 – November 3, 1949) was an American businessman and art collector. He is best known for establishing the Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation and the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York City.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "The Living Room Tour", "paragraph_text": "The Living Room Tour is a live album by Carole King released in 2005. It consists of live recordings of most of the songs from \"Tapestry\". Her daughters Louise and Sherry and background singer and guitarist Gary Burr joined her on several songs. This album debuted at #17 in the US, becoming King's highest-charting album since 1977. This was largely due to television advertisements and being available in Starbucks retailers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "American Zombie", "paragraph_text": "American Zombie is a 2007 American mockumentary horror film directed by Grace Lee, written by Rebecca Sonnenshine and Lee, and starring Lee and John Solomon as documentary filmmakers who investigate a fictional subculture of real-life zombies living in Los Angeles.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 54284, "question": "where does milkman live in song of solomon", "answer": "Michigan", "paragraph_support_idx": 0 }, { "id": 46224, "question": "when did #1 become a state in the usa", "answer": "January 26, 1837", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Wickfield Round Barn", "paragraph_text": "The Wickfield Round Barn is a historic building located near Cantril in rural Van Buren County, Iowa, United States. Originally called Silvers Sale Pavilion, it was built in 1919 by Alva Hunt for $20,000. The true round barn measures in diameter. Frank Silvers, a successful hog breeder and businessman, operated the largest Hampshire hog farm in the world. The first floor had seating for 700 people. Silvers' business offices were also located on the first floor. The structure is constructed of clay tile and features an aerator. The two-pitch roof features eight dormers on the lower part and four dormers on the upper part of the roof. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1986. There are no round barns in Iowa used as sale barns any longer, and this one is used for storage.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Meadow Lake Township, Barnes County, North Dakota", "paragraph_text": "Meadow Lake Township is a civil township in Barnes County, North Dakota, USA. As of the 2000 census, its population was 93. The township is located in Public Land Survey System Township 138N, Range 61W.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Chicken riggies", "paragraph_text": "Chicken riggies or Utica riggies is an Italian-American pasta dish native to the Utica-Rome area of New York State. It is a pasta-based dish usually consisting of chicken, rigatoni (hence the name) and hot or sweet peppers in a spicy cream and tomato sauce, although many variations exist. Many of the chefs from the Utica area seem to have a claim to the dish, yet there seems to be no clear idea who was the originator.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Utica, New York", "paragraph_text": "Utica, New York City Clockwise from top: Panorama of downtown from I - 790, Looking south on Utica's Genesee Street, Utica Tower and harbor lock, Union Station, Adirondack Bank Center, Liberty Bell Corner, Stanley Theater Flag Seal City logo Nickname (s): The Handshake City, Sin City, The City that God Forgot, Elm Tree City Location in Oneida County and New York Coordinates: 43 ° 05 ′ 41 ''N 75 ° 16 ′ 33'' W  /  43.09472 ° N 75.27583 ° W  / 43.09472; - 75.27583 Coordinates: 43 ° 05 ′ 41 ''N 75 ° 16 ′ 33'' W  /  43.09472 ° N 75.27583 ° W  / 43.09472; - 75.27583 Country United States State New York Metro Utica -- Rome County Oneida Land grant (village) January 2, 1734 Incorporated (village) April 3, 1798 Incorporated (city) February 13, 1832 Government Type Mayor - council Mayor Robert M. Palmieri (D) Area City 17.02 sq mi (44.07 km) Land 16.76 sq mi (43.40 km) Water 0.26 sq mi (0.66 km) Elevation 456 ft (139 m) Population (2010) City 62,235 Estimate (2016) 60,652 Density 3,619.07 / sq mi (1,397.36 / km) Urban 117,328 (U.S.: 268th) Metro 297,592 (U.S.: 163rd) Demonym (s) Utican Time zone Eastern (EST) (UTC - 5) Summer (DST) EDT (UTC - 4) ZIP codes 13501 - 13505, 13599 Area code (s) 315 FIPS code 36 - 76540 GNIS feature ID 0968324 Website cityofutica.com", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "James Bruce Round Barn", "paragraph_text": "The James Bruce Round Barn is a round barn located near the Stephenson County, Illinois city of Freeport, United States. The barn was constructed in 1914 by the team of Jeremiah Shaffer and the Haas Brothers, who were responsible for at least a dozen round barns in the area. The barn features a single hip roof design which was probably influenced by the Agricultural Experiment Stations at the University of Illinois and the University of Wisconsin–Madison. The Bruce Round Barn was the last known round barn designed by the Shaffer–Haas team. The building was listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places as part of a multiple property submission in 1984.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Kelly Round Barn", "paragraph_text": "Kelly Round Barn is a historic round barn located near Halcottsville in Delaware County, New York, United States. It was built in 1899 and is a two-story structure with a low conical roof, approximately 90 feet in diameter. It features a central silo.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Round Valley, California", "paragraph_text": "Round Valley is a census-designated place (CDP) in Inyo County, California, United States. Round Valley is located northeast of Mount Tom, at an elevation of 4692 feet (1430 m). The population was 435 at the 2010 census, up from 278 at the 2000 census.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Sparre Barn", "paragraph_text": "The Sparre Barn is a round barn in the city of Nowthen, Minnesota, United States. The barn is located on the west shore of Bass Lake. The basement is constructed of red tile, and the upper level of the barn is sheathed with shiplap siding. The interior space contains a circle of stanchions for feeding cattle, while the upper level has storage for feed and equipment.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Kelly Brook, Wisconsin", "paragraph_text": "Kelly Brook is an unincorporated community located in the town of Spruce, Oconto County, Wisconsin, United States. Kelly Brook is located at the junction of County Highways A and K northwest of Oconto Falls.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Bass Lake, Sawyer County, Wisconsin", "paragraph_text": "Bass Lake is a town in Sawyer County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 2,244 at the 2000 census. The census-designated place of Little Round Lake is located in the town. The unincorporated community of Northwoods Beach is also located in the town.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Robert Abell Round Barn", "paragraph_text": "The Robert Abell Round Barn, in Logan County near Burnstad, North Dakota, United States, was built in 1942 by Robert Abell. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Kelly, Virginia", "paragraph_text": "Kelly is an unincorporated community in Campbell County, Virginia, United States. Kelly is located along U.S. Route 460 east-southeast of downtown Lynchburg.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Ojo Caliente Hot Springs Round Barn", "paragraph_text": "The Ojo Caliente Hot Springs Round Barn is in Ojo Caliente, New Mexico and was built in 1924. It is the only adobe round barn in the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Ohio, New York", "paragraph_text": "Ohio is a town in Herkimer County, New York, United States. The population was 1,002 at the 2010 census. The town is named after the state of Ohio. The town is in the northern part of the county and northeast of Utica. Part of Ohio is within the Adirondack Park.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Uxbridge Township, Barnes County, North Dakota", "paragraph_text": "Uxbridge Township is a civil township in Barnes County, North Dakota, United States. As of the 2000 census, its population was 111.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Andrew B. VanHuys Round Barn", "paragraph_text": "The Andrew B. VanHuys Round Barn is a round barn near Lebanon, Indiana, United States. Built in 1912, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Robert Weber Round Barn", "paragraph_text": "The Robert Weber Round Barn is a round barn located east of Durand, Illinois, United States along Illinois Route 75 in Harrison Township. The Weber barn was constructed in 1917 and features a roof designed and built by the Haas Brothers, who worked on other area round barns. The barn is in diameter and features a diameter central silo. The design of the Weber Round Barn stands out from other area round barns in its vitrified tile walls, a development used in later period American round barns. The Robert Weber Round Barn was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 1984.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Matt Barnes", "paragraph_text": "Matt Kelly Barnes (born March 9, 1980) is an American retired professional basketball player who played 14 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA). Barnes was drafted in the second round of the 2002 NBA draft by the Memphis Grizzlies. He won an NBA championship with the Golden State Warriors in his last season with the league in 2017.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Utica, Montana", "paragraph_text": "Utica is a small unincorporated community in west-central Judith Basin County, Montana, United States, approximately 40 miles from Lewistown at the intersections of Pig Eye Road, Montana Route 239 (the \"Utica highway\"), and Montana Route 541. Yogo sapphires were found near Utica in the mid-1890s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Utica, Kansas", "paragraph_text": "Utica is a city in Ness County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 158.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 130750, "question": "What state is Kelly Round Barn located?", "answer": "New York", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 }, { "id": 43551, "question": "what is the population of utica #1", "answer": "60,652", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Grant Park, Atlanta", "paragraph_text": "Grant Park was established in 1883 when Lemuel P. Grant, a successful engineer and businessman, gave the city of Atlanta 100 acres (40 ha) in the newly developed ``suburb ''where he lived. In 1890, the city acquired another 44 acres (18 ha) for the park and appointed its first park commissioner, Sidney Root. In 1903, the Olmsted Brothers (sons of Frederick Law Olmsted) were hired to create a plan for the park. The original park included a lake, named Lake Abana, to handle storm - water runoff.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Separation of church and state in the United States", "paragraph_text": "The centrality of the \"separation\" concept to the Religion Clauses of the Constitution was made explicit in Everson v. Board of Education, 330 U.S. 1 (1947), a case dealing with a New Jersey law that allowed government funds to pay for transportation of students to both public and Catholic schools. This was the first case in which the court applied the Establishment Clause to the laws of a state, having interpreted the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment as applying the Bill of Rights to the states as well as the federal legislature. Citing Jefferson, the court concluded that \"The First Amendment has erected a wall between church and state. That wall must be kept high and impregnable. We could not approve the slightest breach.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Royal assent", "paragraph_text": "If the Governor General of Canada is unable to give assent, it can be done by either the Deputy of the Governor General of Canada—the Chief Justice of Canada—or another justice of the Supreme Court of Canada. It is not actually necessary for the governor general to sign a bill passed by a legislature, the signature being merely an attestation. In each case, the parliament must be apprised of the granting of assent before the bill is considered to have become law. Two methods are available: the sovereign's representatives may grant assent in the presence of both houses of parliament; alternatively, each house may be notified separately, usually by the speaker of that house. However, though both houses must be notified on the same day, notice to the House of Commons while it is not in session may be given by way of publishing a special issue of the Journals of the House of Commons, whereas the Senate must be sitting and the governor general's letter read aloud by the speaker.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "United States House of Representatives", "paragraph_text": "The United States House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the United States Congress, the Senate being the upper chamber. Together they compose the legislature of the United States.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "European Union law", "paragraph_text": "The concept of legal certainty is recognised one of the general principles of European Union law by the European Court of Justice since the 1960s. It is an important general principle of international law and public law, which predates European Union law. As a general principle in European Union law it means that the law must be certain, in that it is clear and precise, and its legal implications foreseeable, specially when applied to financial obligations. The adoption of laws which will have legal effect in the European Union must have a proper legal basis. Legislation in member states which implements European Union law must be worded so that it is clearly understandable by those who are subject to the law. In European Union law the general principle of legal certainty prohibits Ex post facto laws, i.e. laws should not take effect before they are published. The doctrine of legitimate expectation, which has its roots in the principles of legal certainty and good faith, is also a central element of the general principle of legal certainty in European Union law. The legitimate expectation doctrine holds that and that \"those who act in good faith on the basis of law as it is or seems to be should not be frustrated in their expectations\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Economic and Financial Crimes Commission", "paragraph_text": "The Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) is a Nigerian law enforcement agency that investigates financial crimes such as advance fee fraud (419 fraud) and money laundering. The EFCC was established in 2003, partially in response to pressure from the Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering (FATF), which named Nigeria as one of 23 countries non-cooperative in the international community's efforts to fight money laundering. The agency has its head office in Abuja.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Copyright infringement", "paragraph_text": "Another example is the practice of compulsory licensing, which is where the law forbids copyright owners from denying a license for certain uses of certain kinds of works, such as compilations and live performances of music. Compulsory licensing laws generally say that for certain uses of certain works, no infringement occurs as long as a royalty, at a rate determined by law rather than private negotiation, is paid to the copyright owner or representative copyright collective. Some fair dealing laws, such as Canada's, include similar royalty requirements.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Law of the United States", "paragraph_text": "Under the doctrine of Erie Railroad Co. v. Tompkins (1938), there is no general federal common law. Although federal courts can create federal common law in the form of case law, such law must be linked one way or another to the interpretation of a particular federal constitutional provision, statute, or regulation (which in turn was enacted as part of the Constitution or after). Federal courts lack the plenary power possessed by state courts to simply make up law, which the latter are able to do in the absence of constitutional or statutory provisions replacing the common law. Only in a few narrow limited areas, like maritime law, has the Constitution expressly authorized the continuation of English common law at the federal level (meaning that in those areas federal courts can continue to make law as they see fit, subject to the limitations of stare decisis).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Beale Street Mama", "paragraph_text": "Beale Street Mama is a 1946 race film directed by and starring Spencer Williams and distributed by Sack Amusement Enterprises, named after the famous song. The film is set in Memphis, Tennessee and focuses on a street sweeper who comes upon a large parcel of money. He uses the newly acquired wealth to go on a spending spree, with the hope of getting back at an old girlfriend who dumped him for another man. However, complications arise when it is discovered the money is counterfeit.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Disneyland Monorail System", "paragraph_text": "The Disneyland Monorail has two stations: one in Tomorrowland, and another in the Downtown Disney district. The original Monorail was a round trip ride with no stops. In 1961, the track was expanded to connect to a station at the Disneyland Hotel, making it an actual transportation system. The original Hotel station was torn down in 1999 and a new station, now called the Downtown Disney Station, was built in the same place. All riders must disembark at Tomorrowland Station, and during peak traffic periods, the monorail offers only one - way trips where all passengers must also disembark at the Downtown Disney Station and re-board for the return trip to Tomorrowland. Admission to Disneyland Park must be purchased to ride the monorail.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Money bill", "paragraph_text": "While the United States of America is not a parliamentary democracy, the Origination Clause of the U.S. Constitution requires that all bills raising revenue originate in the House of Representatives, consistent with British constitutional practice; by convention, appropriation bills (bills that spend money) also originate in the House. Unlike in most Westminster systems, there are no limits on the Senate's ability to amend revenue bills or any requirement for the Senate to approve such bills within a certain timeframe. Both appropriations and revenue bills are often referred to as money bills to contrast them with authorization bills. The U.S. Supreme Court in United States v. Munoz - Flores (1990) held that: ``A law passed in violation of the Origination Clause would thus be no more immune from judicial scrutiny because it was passed by both Houses and signed by the President than would be a law passed in violation of the First Amendment ''.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Gold medal", "paragraph_text": "Olympic Gold medals are required to be made from at least 92.5% silver, and must contain a minimum of 6 grams of gold. All Olympic medals must be at least 60mm in diameter and 3mm thick. Minting the medals is the responsibility of the Olympic host. From 1928 through 1968 the design was always the same: the obverse showed a generic design by Florentine artist Giuseppe Cassioli of Greek goddess Nike with Rome's Colloseum in the background and text naming the host city; the reverse showed another generic design of Nike saluting an Olympic champion.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Disturbed (film)", "paragraph_text": "Disturbed is a 1990 American horror film directed by Charles Winkler starring Malcolm McDowell as a psychiatrist who rapes a young woman in his care, then must deal with her vengeance-seeking daughter 10 years later.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Madrasa", "paragraph_text": "Al-Azhar University, founded in Cairo, Egypt in 975 by the Ismaʻīlī Shīʻī Fatimid dynasty as a jāmiʻah, had individual faculties for a theological seminary, Islamic law and jurisprudence, Arabic grammar, Islamic astronomy, early Islamic philosophy and logic in Islamic philosophy. The postgraduate doctorate in law was only obtained after \"an oral examination to determine the originality of the candidate's theses\", and to test the student's \"ability to defend them against all objections, in disputations set up for the purpose.\" ‘Abd al-Laṭīf al-Baghdādī also delivered lectures on Islamic medicine at al-Azhar, while Maimonides delivered lectures on medicine and astronomy there during the time of Saladin. Another early jāmiʻah was the Niẓāmīyah of Baghdād (founded 1091), which has been called the \"largest university of the Medieval world.\" Mustansiriya University, established by the ʻAbbāsid caliph al-Mustanṣir in 1233, in addition to teaching the religious subjects, offered courses dealing with philosophy, mathematics and the natural sciences.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Reshumot", "paragraph_text": "Reshumot (Hebrew: \"רשומות\") is the gazette of record for the State of Israel, in which official records and laws are published. Originally called \"Iton Rishmi\" (Official Gazette in Hebrew), its name was changed in the 1949 Transition Law to the current name - \"Reshumot\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Rules of chess", "paragraph_text": "When castling, the king must be the first piece touched. If the player touches the rook at the same time as touching the king, the player must castle with that rook if it is legal to do so. If the player completes a two-square king move without touching a rook, the player must move the correct rook accordingly if castling in that direction is legal. If a player starts to castle illegally, another legal king move must be made if possible, including castling with the other rook (Schiller 2003:20).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Architecture", "paragraph_text": "Since the 1980s, as the complexity of buildings began to increase (in terms of structural systems, services, energy and technologies), the field of architecture became multi-disciplinary with specializations for each project type, technological expertise or project delivery methods. In addition, there has been an increased separation of the 'design' architect [Notes 1] from the 'project' architect who ensures that the project meets the required standards and deals with matters of liability.[Notes 2] The preparatory processes for the design of any large building have become increasingly complicated, and require preliminary studies of such matters as durability, sustainability, quality, money, and compliance with local laws. A large structure can no longer be the design of one person but must be the work of many. Modernism and Postmodernism have been criticised by some members of the architectural profession who feel that successful architecture is not a personal, philosophical, or aesthetic pursuit by individualists; rather it has to consider everyday needs of people and use technology to create liveable environments, with the design process being informed by studies of behavioral, environmental, and social sciences.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Philosophy of space and time", "paragraph_text": "Coordinative definition has two major features. The first has to do with coordinating units of length with certain physical objects. This is motivated by the fact that we can never directly apprehend length. Instead we must choose some physical object, say the Standard Metre at the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (International Bureau of Weights and Measures), or the wavelength of cadmium to stand in as our unit of length. The second feature deals with separated objects. Although we can, presumably, directly test the equality of length of two measuring rods when they are next to one another, we can not find out as much for two rods distant from one another. Even supposing that two rods, whenever brought near to one another are seen to be equal in length, we are not justified in stating that they are always equal in length. This impossibility undermines our ability to decide the equality of length of two distant objects. Sameness of length, to the contrary, must be set by definition.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Your Money or Your Wife", "paragraph_text": "Your Money or Your Wife is a 1960 British comedy film directed by Anthony Simmons and starring Donald Sinden, Peggy Cummins, and Richard Wattis. In this farce, a couple must divorce in order to inherit a fortune.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Origination Clause", "paragraph_text": "The Origination Clause, sometimes called the Revenue Clause, is part of Article I of the United States Constitution. This clause says that all bills for raising revenue must start in the House of Representatives, but the Senate may propose or concur with amendments as in the case of other bills.", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 58922, "question": "where must all laws dealing with money originate why", "answer": "House of Representatives", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 }, { "id": 52251, "question": "what is another name for #1", "answer": "the lower chamber of the United States Congress", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 } ]

[ "Legislature of the United States", "Congress", "United States Congress" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "List of hospitals in Romania", "paragraph_text": "The list below is a database that contains hospitals in Romania. All public hospitals receive funding from the Ministry of Health. Romania has a universal healthcare system, hence all public hospitals are charge-free and available to each citizen of the European Union. There are 425 operational hospitals across the country. At the moment, there are 6.2 hospital beds available per 1000 citizens.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Davies Commission", "paragraph_text": "The Queensland Public Hospitals Commission of Inquiry, often referred to as the Davies Commission, was an inquiry into public hospitals in Queensland, Australia. The inquiry was headed by The Honourable Geoffrey Davies AO QC, a former Supreme Court judge of appeal.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Ruth A. Parmelee", "paragraph_text": "Ruth Azneve Parmelee (3 April 1885 – 15 December 1973) was a Christian missionary and a witness to the Armenian Genocide. She served as a nurse of the American Women's Hospitals Service to a local hospital in Kharpert. She was also instrumental in the founding in 1922 of the hospital of the American Women's Hospitals Service in Salonika, Greece.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Tung Wah Hospital", "paragraph_text": "Tung Wah Hospital () is a hospital in Hong Kong under the Tung Wah Group of Hospitals. Located above Possession Point, at 12 Po Yan Street in Sheung Wan, it is the first hospital established in Colonial Hong Kong for the general public in the 1870s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Advocate Sherman Hospital", "paragraph_text": "Advocate Sherman Hospital is a hospital in Elgin, Illinois. It was founded in 1888, and moved to a new campus in 2009. Until 2004, it was the only local hospital to perform heart surgery.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Peter LaMotte", "paragraph_text": "Peter LaMotte (1929–2007) was a physician. LaMotte served as the first team physician of the New York Mets baseball team from their founding until 1974. He also founded Hilton Head Hospital on Hilton Head Island, South Carolina.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Age of Sail Heritage Centre", "paragraph_text": "In 1994, the Age of Sail Heritage Centre Museum was opened to the public. After its first year the centre won a provincial architecture award for innovative design. An expansion is underway for 2011 to provide public events, research and conservation space.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Hospital Argerich", "paragraph_text": "Hospital Argerich is a metropolitan public hospital in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The hospital is located in the La Boca neighborhood.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Sultan Abdul Halim Hospital", "paragraph_text": "Sultan Abdul Halim Hospital (SAHH), formerly known as Hospital Sungai Petani, is a government-funded public hospital situated in Sungai Petani, Kedah, Malaysia. It is a 498-bed hospital which provides secondary and tertiary specialist services.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Westmont Hospitality Group", "paragraph_text": "Westmont Hospitality Group is a company nominally based in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada which owns and manages hotels. It was founded by the Mangalji family. It is one of the biggest hospitality management companies. It currently is managed by Majid Mangalji. The total revenue for this company is $700 million.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Saad Specialist Hospital", "paragraph_text": "Saad Specialist Hospital, often abbreviated as SSH, is a private hospital in Khobar, Saudi Arabia. It is owned and operated by the Saad Group, founded in 2001 by a businessman called Maan Abdul Wahed Al-Sanea. SSH is a (JCI) accredited hospital. JCI refer to Joint Commission International Accreditation for Hospital.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Children's rights movement", "paragraph_text": "The Foundling Hospital in London was founded in 1741 as a children's home for the ``education and maintenance of exposed and deserted young children ''. Thomas Spence, an English political radical wrote the first modern defence of the natural rights of children in The Rights of Infants, published in 1796.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Prince of Wales Hospital (Sydney)", "paragraph_text": "The Prince of Wales Hospital is a 440 bed major public teaching hospital located in Sydney's eastern suburb of Randwick, providing a full range of hospital services to the people of New South Wales, Australia. The hospital has strong ties to the University of New South Wales.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Deák Party", "paragraph_text": "The Deák Party was founded in 1865 as the successor to the Address Party. It won the 1865 elections in Hungary, and also won a large majority in the 1869 elections following the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867. It won another majority in the 1872 elections, but Déak retired from public life in 1873, setting the party into decline.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "District of Columbia General Hospital", "paragraph_text": "The District of Columbia General Hospital was a hospital located in Washington, D.C. It was operational from 1806 to its controversial closing by mayor Anthony A. Williams in 2001, as the city was trying to cut costs while recovering from bankruptcy. At the time of its closure, it was the only public hospital located within the District.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Paris", "paragraph_text": "Health care and emergency medical service in the city of Paris and its suburbs are provided by the Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), a public hospital system that employs more than 90,000 people (including practitioners, support personnel, and administrators) in 44 hospitals. It is the largest hospital system in Europe. It provides health care, teaching, research, prevention, education and emergency medical service in 52 branches of medicine. The hospitals receive more than 5.8 million annual patient visits.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Kaplan Medical Center", "paragraph_text": "In 2001, the hospital had 625 beds and in May 2007 was the tenth largest hospital in Israel. It serves the entire northern Shephelah region, between Rehovot and Ashdod (including Gedera and Yavne) and serves Ashdod along with Barzilai Hospital in Ashkelon. It was founded in 1953 and was named after Eliezer Kaplan, a well-known Zionist and the first Finance Minister of Israel.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "New York City", "paragraph_text": "The most well-known hospital in the HHC system is Bellevue Hospital, the oldest public hospital in the United States. Bellevue is the designated hospital for treatment of the President of the United States and other world leaders if they become sick or injured while in New York City. The president of HHC is Ramanathan Raju, MD, a surgeon and former CEO of the Cook County health system in Illinois.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Centro Ameghino", "paragraph_text": "Centro Ameghino is a hospital in Buenos Aires, Argentina. It was founded in 1948 by the Ministry of Health, and was initially designated as the \"Institute of Applied Psychopathology\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Mexico City", "paragraph_text": "Mexico City is home to some of the best private hospitals in the country; Hospital Ángeles, Hospital ABC and Médica Sur to name a few. The national public healthcare institution for private-sector employees, IMSS, has its largest facilities in Mexico City—including the National Medical Center and the La Raza Medical Center—and has an annual budget of over 6 billion pesos. The IMSS and other public health institutions, including the ISSSTE (Public Sector Employees' Social Security Institute) and the National Health Ministry (SSA) maintain large specialty facilities in the city. These include the National Institutes of Cardiology, Nutrition, Psychiatry, Oncology, Pediatrics, Rehabilitation, among others.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 11799, "question": "Who won the battle?", "answer": "The United States", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 2083, "question": "What was the first public hospital founded in #1 ?", "answer": "Bellevue Hospital", "paragraph_support_idx": 17 } ]

[ "Bellevue" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Islam by country", "paragraph_text": "The country with the single largest population of Muslims is Indonesia in Southeast Asia, which on its own hosts 13% of the world's Muslims. Together, the Muslims in the countries of the Malay Archipelago (which includes Brunei, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines and East Timor) constitute the world's second or third largest population of Muslims. Here Muslims are majorities in each country other than Singapore, the Philippines, and East Timor.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Paris", "paragraph_text": "Paris (French pronunciation: ​ (paʁi) (listen)) is the capital and most populous city in France, with an administrative - limits area of 105 square kilometres (41 square miles) and an official population of 2,206,488 (2015). The city is a commune and department, and the heart of the 12,012 - square - kilometre (4,638 - square - mile) Île - de-France region (colloquially known as the 'Paris Region'), whose 2016 population of 12,142,802 represented roughly 18 percent of the population of France. Since the 17th century, Paris has been one of Europe's major centres of finance, commerce, fashion, science, and the arts. The Paris Region had a GDP of €649.6 billion (US $763.4 billion) in 2014, accounting for 30.4 percent of the GDP of France. According to official estimates, in 2013 - 14 the Paris Region had the third - highest GDP in the world and the largest regional GDP in the EU.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Maurya Empire", "paragraph_text": "The Maurya Empire was a geographically extensive Iron Age historical power founded by Chandragupta Maurya which dominated ancient India between 322 BCE and 187 BCE. Extending into the kingdom of Magadha in the Indo - Gangetic Plain in the eastern side of the Indian subcontinent, the empire had its capital city at Pataliputra (modern Patna). The empire was the largest to have ever existed in the Indian subcontinent, spanning over 5 million square kilometres (1.9 million square miles) at its zenith under Ashoka.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Charles Square", "paragraph_text": "Charles Square () is a city square in the New Town of Prague, Czech Republic. At roughly 80,550 m² it is one of the largest squares in the world and was the largest town square of the medieval Europe. Founded in 1348 as the main square of the New Town by Charles IV, it was known as \"Dobytčí trh\" (Cattle Market) from the 15th century and finally named after its founder in 1848. The central portion of the square was turned into a park in the 1860s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Egypt", "paragraph_text": "With over 90 million inhabitants, Egypt is the most populous country in North Africa and the Arab World, the third-most populous in Africa (after Nigeria and Ethiopia), and the fifteenth-most populous in the world. The great majority of its people live near the banks of the Nile River, an area of about 40,000 square kilometres (15,000 sq mi), where the only arable land is found. The large regions of the Sahara desert, which constitute most of Egypt's territory, are sparsely inhabited. About half of Egypt's residents live in urban areas, with most spread across the densely populated centres of greater Cairo, Alexandria and other major cities in the Nile Delta.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "List of counties in Georgia", "paragraph_text": "Counties of Georgia Location State of Georgia Number 159 Populations Greatest: 1,010,562 (Fulton) Least: 1,680 (Taliaferro) Average: 64,845 (2016) Areas Largest: 903 square miles (2,340 km) (Ware) Smallest: 121 square miles (310 km) (Clarke) Average: 374 square miles (970 km) Government County government Subdivisions Cities, towns, unincorporated communities, census designated place", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "European Plain", "paragraph_text": "The European Plain or Great European Plain is a plain in Europe and is a major feature of one of four major topographical units of Europe - the Central and Interior Lowlands. It is the largest mountain - free landform in Europe, although a number of highlands are identified within it.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Great Lakes", "paragraph_text": "The Great Lakes are the largest group of freshwater lakes on Earth by total area, and second largest by total volume, containing 21% of the world's surface fresh water by volume. The total surface is 94,250 square miles (244,106 km), and the total volume (measured at the low water datum) is 5,439 cubic miles (22,671 km), slightly less than the volume of Lake Baikal (23,615 km3, 22 -- 23% of the world's surface fresh water). Due to their sea - like characteristics (rolling waves, sustained winds, strong currents, great depths, and distant horizons) the five Great Lakes have also long been referred to as inland seas. Lake Superior is the second largest lake in the world by area, and the largest freshwater lake by area. Lake Michigan is the largest lake that is entirely within one country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Africa", "paragraph_text": "Africa is the world's second largest and second most - populous continent (behind Asia in both categories). At about 30.3 million km (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20% of its land area. With 1.2 billion people as of 2016, it accounts for about 16% of the world's human population. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Isthmus of Suez and the Red Sea to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos. It contains 54 fully recognised sovereign states (countries), nine territories and two de facto independent states with limited or no recognition. The majority of the continent and its countries are in the Northern Hemisphere, with a substantial portion and number of countries in the Southern Hemisphere.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Geography of Sweden", "paragraph_text": "Sweden is a country in Northern Europe on the Scandinavian Peninsula. It borders Norway to the west; Finland to the northeast; and the Baltic Sea and Gulf of Bothnia to the south and east. At , Sweden is the 55th largest country in the world. It is the fifth largest in Europe and the largest in Northern Europe.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Detroit", "paragraph_text": "Detroit is the center of a three-county urban area (population 3,734,090, area of 1,337 square miles (3,460 km2), a 2010 United States Census) six-county metropolitan statistical area (2010 Census population of 4,296,250, area of 3,913 square miles [10,130 km2]), and a nine-county Combined Statistical Area (2010 Census population of 5,218,852, area of 5,814 square miles [15,060 km2]). The Detroit–Windsor area, a commercial link straddling the Canada–U.S. border, has a total population of about 5,700,000. The Detroit metropolitan region holds roughly one-half of Michigan's population.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Greater Houston", "paragraph_text": "Houston -- The Woodlands -- Sugar Land is the fifth most populous metropolitan statistical area (MSA) in the United States, encompassing nine counties along the Gulf Coast of the state of Texas. Colloquially referred to as Greater Houston, the 10,000 - square - mile (26,000 km) region is centered around Harris County, the third-most populous county in the nation, which contains the city of Houston -- the largest economic and cultural center of the South -- with a population of 2.3 million.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Costa Rica", "paragraph_text": "Costa Rica (/ ˌkɒstə ˈriːkə / (listen); Spanish: (ˈkosta ˈrika); ``Rich Coast ''), officially the Republic of Costa Rica (Spanish: República de Costa Rica), is a country in Central America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, Panama to the southeast, the Pacific Ocean to the west, the Caribbean Sea to the east, and Ecuador to the south of Cocos Island. It has a population of around 4.9 million, in a land area of 51,060 square kilometers (19,714 square miles); over 300,000 live in the capital and largest city, San José, which had a population of an estimated 333,980 in 2015.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Philadelphia", "paragraph_text": "Throughout the 19th century, Philadelphia had a variety of industries and businesses, the largest being textiles. Major corporations in the 19th and early 20th centuries included the Baldwin Locomotive Works, William Cramp and Sons Ship and Engine Building Company, and the Pennsylvania Railroad. Industry, along with the U.S. Centennial, was celebrated in 1876 with the Centennial Exposition, the first official World's Fair in the United States. Immigrants, mostly Irish and German, settled in Philadelphia and the surrounding districts. The rise in population of the surrounding districts helped lead to the Act of Consolidation of 1854, which extended the city limits of Philadelphia from the 2 square miles of present-day Center City to the roughly 130 square miles of Philadelphia County.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Liechtenstein", "paragraph_text": "Liechtenstein is bordered by Switzerland to the west and south and Austria to the east and north. It is Europe's fourth-smallest country, with an area of just over 160 square kilometres (62 square miles) and a population of 37,877. Divided into 11 municipalities, its capital is Vaduz, and its largest municipality is Schaan. It is also the smallest country to border two countries.Economically, Liechtenstein has one of the highest gross domestic products per person in the world when adjusted for purchasing power parity. It was once known as a billionaire tax haven, but is no longer on any blacklists of uncooperative tax haven countries (see taxation section).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "List of European countries by area", "paragraph_text": "Rank Country Area (km2) Notes Russia * 3,972,400 17,098,242 including North Asia Ukraine 603,628 This includes Crimea France * 551,394 643,801 when the overseas departments are included Spain * 498,468 505,992 when the Canary Islands, Ceuta and Melilla are included Sweden 449,964 6 Norway 385,178 This includes Svalbard and Jan Mayen 7 Germany 357,168 8 Finland 338,145 9 Poland 312,685 10 Italy 301,338 11 United Kingdom 248,532 1,976,102 when the British Overseas Territories are included. 12 Romania 238,392 13 Belarus 207,600 14 Kazakhstan * 180,000 (est.) 2,724,902 including Asian part 15 Greece 131,940 16 Bulgaria 110,994 17 Iceland 102,775 18 Hungary 93,030 19 Portugal 91,568 20 Austria 83,858 21 Czech Republic 78,866 22 Serbia 77,453 This excludes Kosovo 23 Ireland 70,273 24 Lithuania 65,300 25 Latvia 64,589 26 Croatia 56,594 27 Bosnia and Herzegovina 51,129 28 Slovakia 49,036 29 Estonia 45,339 30 Denmark 44,493 This includes Faroe Islands; 2,210,579 including Greenland 31 Switzerland 41,290 32 Netherlands 41,198 Excluding Caribbean Netherlands, Aruba, Curacao and Sint Maarten. 33 Moldova 33,846 34 Belgium 30,510 35 Albania 28,748 36 Macedonia (Former Yugoslavian Republic) 25,713 37 Turkey * 23,507 783,562 including Asian part 38 Slovenia 20,273 39 Montenegro 13,812 40 Kosovo 10,908 Partially recognized state 41 Cyprus 9,251 42 Azerbaijan * 6,960 86,600 including Asian part 43 Luxembourg 2,586 44 Georgia * 2,428 69,700 including Asian part 45 Andorra 468 46 Malta 316 47 Liechtenstein 160 48 San Marino 61 49 Monaco 1.95 50 Vatican City 0.44 Total 10,141,183 ± 5,000", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Punjab, Pakistan", "paragraph_text": "Punjab (Urdu, Punjabi: پنجاب, panj-āb, \"five waters\": listen (help·info)), also spelled Panjab, is the most populous of the four provinces of Pakistan. It has an area of 205,344 square kilometres (79,284 square miles) and a population of 91.379.615 in 2011, approximately 56% of the country's total population. Its provincial capital and largest city is Lahore. Punjab is bordered by the Indian states of Jammu and Kashmir to the northeast and Punjab and Rajasthan to the east. In Pakistan it is bordered by Sindh to the south, Balochistān and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to the west, and Islamabad and Azad Kashmir to the north.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Oklahoma", "paragraph_text": "Oklahoma is the 20th largest state in the United States, covering an area of 69,898 square miles (181,035 km2), with 68,667 square miles (177847 km2) of land and 1,281 square miles (3,188 km2) of water. It is one of six states on the Frontier Strip and lies partly in the Great Plains near the geographical center of the 48 contiguous states. It is bounded on the east by Arkansas and Missouri, on the north by Kansas, on the northwest by Colorado, on the far west by New Mexico, and on the south and near-west by Texas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Great Lakes", "paragraph_text": "The Great Lakes is the largest group of freshwater lakes on Earth by total area, and second largest by total volume containing 21% of the world's surface fresh water by volume. The total surface is 94,250 square miles (244,106 km), and the total volume (measured at the low water datum) is 5,439 cubic miles (22,671 km), a bit less than the volume of Lake Baikal (23,615 km3). Due to their sea - like characteristics (rolling waves, sustained winds, strong currents, great depths, and distant horizons) the five Great Lakes have also long been referred to as inland seas. Lake Superior is the second largest lake in the world by area, and Lake Michigan is the largest lake that is entirely within one country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Warsaw", "paragraph_text": "The University of Warsaw was established in 1816, when the partitions of Poland separated Warsaw from the oldest and most influential Polish academic center, in Kraków. Warsaw University of Technology is the second academic school of technology in the country, and one of the largest in East-Central Europe, employing 2,000 professors. Other institutions for higher education include the Medical University of Warsaw, the largest medical school in Poland and one of the most prestigious, the National Defence University, highest military academic institution in Poland, the Fryderyk Chopin University of Music the oldest and largest music school in Poland, and one of the largest in Europe, the Warsaw School of Economics, the oldest and most renowned economic university in the country, and the Warsaw University of Life Sciences the largest agricultural university founded in 1818.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 53235, "question": "what is the largest country in europe by square miles", "answer": "Russia *", "paragraph_support_idx": 15 }, { "id": 63133, "question": "where is the majority of #1 ’s population found", "answer": "the western part of Russia", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[ "Rus", "ru", "RUS", "Russia", "RU" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Banquo", "paragraph_text": "Lord Banquo / ˈbæŋkwoʊ /, the Thane of Lochaber, is a character in William Shakespeare's 1606 play Macbeth. In the play, he is at first an ally to Macbeth (both are generals in the King's army) and they meet the Three Witches together. After prophesying that Macbeth will become king, the witches tell Banquo that he will not be king himself, but that his descendants will be. Later, Macbeth in his lust for power sees Banquo as a threat and has him murdered; Banquo's son, Fleance, escapes. Banquo's ghost returns in a later scene, causing Macbeth to react with alarm during a public feast.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Banquo", "paragraph_text": "Lord Banquo , the Thane of Lochaber, is a character in William Shakespeare's 1606 play \"Macbeth\". In the play, he is at first an ally to Macbeth (both are generals in the King's army) and they meet the Three Witches together. After prophesying that Macbeth will become king, the witches tell Banquo that he will not be king himself, but that his descendants will be. Later, Macbeth in his lust for power sees Banquo as a threat and has him murdered by two hired assassins; Banquo's son, Fleance, escapes. Banquo's ghost returns in a later scene, causing Macbeth to react with alarm during a public feast.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Umayyad Caliphate", "paragraph_text": "Geographically, the empire was divided into several provinces, the borders of which changed numerous times during the Umayyad reign. Each province had a governor appointed by the khalifah. The governor was in charge of the religious officials, army leaders, police, and civil administrators in his province. Local expenses were paid for by taxes coming from that province, with the remainder each year being sent to the central government in Damascus. As the central power of the Umayyad rulers waned in the later years of the dynasty, some governors neglected to send the extra tax revenue to Damascus and created great personal fortunes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Mahindra Axe", "paragraph_text": "Mahindra Axe is a Light Military Utility Tactical Vehicle designed by Mahindra & Mahindra. Prototypes of the vehicle were customized to meet Indian Army specifications, but after evaluating the vehicles the Indian Army decided not to place an order.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "1st United States Congress", "paragraph_text": "The First United States Congress, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives, met from March 4, 1789, to March 4, 1791, during the first two years of George Washington's presidency, first at Federal Hall in New York City and later at Congress Hall in Philadelphia. With the initial meeting of the First Congress, the United States federal government officially began operations under the new (and current) frame of government established by the 1787 Constitution. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the provisions of Article I, Section 2, Clause 3 of the Constitution. Both chambers had a Pro-Administration majority. Twelve articles of amendment to the Constitution were passed by this Congress and sent to the states for ratification; the ten ratified as additions to the Constitution on December 15, 1791, are collectively known as the Bill of Rights.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Powers of the United States Congress", "paragraph_text": "The Constitution also gives Congress an important role in national defense, including the exclusive power to declare war, to raise and maintain the armed forces, and to make rules for the military. Some critics charge that the executive branch has usurped Congress's Constitutionally - defined task of declaring war. While historically presidents initiated the process for going to war, they asked for and received formal war declarations from Congress for the War of 1812, the Mexican -- American War, the Spanish -- American War, World War I, and World War II, although President Theodore Roosevelt's military move into Panama in 1903 did not get Congressional assent. Presidents have initiated war without Congressional war declarations; Truman called the Korean War a ``police action ''and the Vietnam War lasted over a decade without a declaration of war. In 1970, Time magazine noted:`` All told, it has been calculated, U.S. presidents have ordered troops into position or action without a formal congressional declaration a total of 149 times'' before 1970. In 1993, one writer noted ``Congress's war power has become the most flagrantly disregarded provision in the Constitution, ''and that the`` real erosion (of Congressional authority to declare war) began after World War II.'' President George H.W. Bush claimed he could begin Operation Desert Storm and launch a ``deliberate, unhurried, post -- Cold War decision to start a war ''without Congressional approval. Critics charge that President George W. Bush largely initiated the Iraq War with little debate in Congress or consultation with Congress, despite a Congressional vote on military force authorization. Disagreement about the extent of congressional versus presidential power regarding war has been present periodically throughout the nation's history.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Army Navy Match", "paragraph_text": "The Army Navy Match Part of the Inter-Services Competition Twickenham Stadium ARU RNRU Locale London Teams ARU RNRU First meeting 13 February 1878 (Annually since 6 March 1909) Latest meeting 5 May 2018 Army 22 - 14 Stadiums Twickenham Stadium Trophy The Babcock Trophy Statistics All - time series Army 62, Navy 35, Draws 4 (1939, 1969 1980 and 2016) Largest victory Army, 50 -- 7 (2009) Smallest victory Navy 11 -- 10 (1921), Navy 9 -- 8 (1948), Navy 17 -- 16 (1978), Army 10 -- 9 (1983) The above statistics do not include the matches before the first official match in 1907. 1907 was the first official Army Navy match played after the formation of the Army RUgby Union in 1906. The Royal Navy Rugby Union did not form until the 1907 / 08 season. Other information Current sponsor Babcock International", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Banquo", "paragraph_text": "Lord Banquo / ˈbæŋkwoʊ /, the Thane of Lochaber, is a character in William Shakespeare's 1606 play Macbeth. In the play, he is at first an ally to Macbeth (both are generals in the King's army) and they meet the Three Witches together. After prophesying that Macbeth will become king, the witches tell Banquo that he will not be king himself, but that his descendants will be. Later, Macbeth in his lust for power sees Banquo as a threat and has him murdered by two hired assassins; Banquo's son, Fleance, escapes. Banquo's ghost returns in a later scene (Banquet Scene), causing Macbeth to react with alarm during a public feast.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Original jurisdiction", "paragraph_text": "The original jurisdiction of a court is the power to hear a case for the first time, as opposed to appellate jurisdiction, when a higher court has the power to review a lower court's decision.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Modern history", "paragraph_text": "In 1912, the Republic of China was established and Sun Yat-sen was inaugurated in Nanjing as the first Provisional President. But power in Beijing already had passed to Yuan Shikai, who had effective control of the Beiyang Army, the most powerful military force in China at the time. To prevent civil war and possible foreign intervention from undermining the infant republic, leaders agreed to Army's demand that China be united under a Beijing government. On March 10, in Beijing, Shikai was sworn in as the second Provisional President of the Republic of China.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Azerbaijan People's Government", "paragraph_text": "The Firqah-i Dimukrat, or Azerbaijani Democratic Party (ADP), publicly announced its formation in Tabriz on September 3, 1945 by a group of veteran communists headed by Ja'far Pishevari. After the announcement, the communist, Soviet-supported Tudeh party dissolved its Azerbaijan chapter and ordered its members to join ADP. ADP expanded throughout Iranian Azerbaijan, and initiated a local coup d'état with help from Soviet army, who prevented the Iranian army from intervening. During the first week of September 1945, the Azerbaijani Democratic Party, led by Ja'far Pishevari, a long-time leader of the revolutionary movement in Gilan, declared itself to be in control of Iranian Azerbaijan, promised liberal democratic reforms, and disbanded the local branch of Tudeh. Later in September 1945, at its first congress, the Azerbaijani Democratic Party authorized the formation of a peasant's militia. This militia started a bloodless coup on November 18, 1945 and by November 21, 1945 they had captured all remaining government posts in the province, and Iranian Azerbaijan \"became an autonomous republic under the direction of a 39-member national executive committee\". The reality of the power seems to have been exercised by Mohammed Biriya, the Minister of Propaganda and head of the local secret police.At the same time, the US was steadily increasing its military assistance to the Iranian government. Under pressure by the Western powers, the Soviet Union revoked its support of the newly created state and the Iranian military succeeded in re-establishing Iranian rule in November 1946. According to Tadeusz Swietochowski:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "United States Congress", "paragraph_text": "Article I of the Constitution creates and sets forth the structure and most of the powers of Congress. Sections One through Six describe how Congress is elected and gives each House the power to create its own structure. Section Seven lays out the process for creating laws, and Section Eight enumerates numerous powers. Section Nine is a list of powers Congress does not have, and Section Ten enumerates powers of the state, some of which may only be granted by Congress. Constitutional amendments have granted Congress additional powers. Congress also has implied powers derived from the Constitution's Necessary and Proper Clause.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Army–Navy Game", "paragraph_text": "Army -- Navy Game Army Black Knights Navy Midshipmen Sport College football First meeting November 29, 1890 Latest meeting December 9, 2017 Next meeting December 8, 2018 Statistics Meetings total 118 All - time record Navy leads 60 -- 51 -- 7 Longest win streak Navy, 14 (2002 -- 2015) Current win streak Army, 2 (2016 -- present)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Cowboys–Eagles rivalry", "paragraph_text": "Dallas Cowboys -- Philadelphia Eagles Dallas Cowboys Philadelphia Eagles First meeting September 25, 1960 Philadelphia Eagles 27, Dallas Cowboys 25 Latest meeting November 19, 2017 Dallas Cowboys 9, Philadelphia Eagles 37 Next meeting December 31, 2017 Statistics Meetings total 117 meetings (including playoffs) All - time series Cowboys lead 65 -- 52 Most recent November 19, 2017 Dallas Cowboys 9, Philadelphia Eagles 37 Largest victory October 9, 1966 Dallas Cowboys 56, Philadelphia Eagles 7", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Army–Navy Game", "paragraph_text": "Army -- Navy Game Army Black Knights Navy Midshipmen Sport Football First meeting November 29, 1890 Navy 24, Army 0 Latest meeting December 9, 2017 Army 14, Navy 13 Next meeting December 8, 2018 Stadiums Lincoln Financial Field (2017 -- 2020, 2022) MetLife Stadium (2021) Trophy Third leg of triangular series for Commander - in - Chief's Trophy Statistics Meetings total 118 All - time series Navy leads, 60 -- 51 -- 7 Largest victory Navy, 51 -- 0 (1973) Longest win streak Navy, 14 (2002 -- 2015) Current win streak Army, 2 (2016 -- present)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Great power", "paragraph_text": "Over time, the relative power of these five nations fluctuated, which by the dawn of the 20th century had served to create an entirely different balance of power. Some, such as the United Kingdom and Prussia (as the founder of the newly formed German state), experienced continued economic growth and political power. Others, such as Russia and Austria-Hungary, stagnated. At the same time, other states were emerging and expanding in power, largely through the process of industrialization. These countries seeking to attain great power status were: Italy after the Risorgimento, Japan after the Meiji Restoration, and the United States after its civil war. By the dawn of the 20th century, the balance of world power had changed substantially since the Congress of Vienna. The Eight-Nation Alliance was a belligerent alliance of eight nations against the Boxer Rebellion in China. It formed in 1900 and consisted of the five Congress powers plus Italy, Japan, and the United States, representing the great powers at the beginning of 20th century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "The Salvation Army in Australia", "paragraph_text": "The first Salvation Army meeting in Australia was held in 1880. Edward Saunders and John Gore led the meeting from the back of a greengrocer's cart in Adelaide Botanic Park with an offer of food for those who had not eaten. In 1883, Major James Barker led the way to establish the first Salvation Army social institution anywhere in the world on a permanent basis, known as the ``Prison Gate ''program. Barker saw that prisoners being released from the Melbourne Gaol had nowhere to go and no work, so they inevitably re-offended and returned to gaol. Barker leased a small house in Lygon Street, Carlton, to provide accommodation for prisoners discharged from Melbourne's gaols. This led to the formation of the Prison-Gate Brigade, the members of which met discharged prisoners upon their release and offered them a home and the prospect of a job. The Salvos also involved themselves in finding work for the unemployed and in re-uniting families. In Melbourne from 1897 to 1910, The Army's Limelight Department was established as Australia's first film production company.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Franco-Prussian War", "paragraph_text": "The creation of a unified German Empire ended the balance of power that had been created with the Congress of Vienna after the end of the Napoleonic Wars. Germany had established itself as the main power in continental Europe with the most powerful and professional army in the world.[citation needed] Although Great Britain remained the dominant world power, British involvement in European affairs during the late 19th century was very limited, allowing Germany to exercise great influence over the European mainland.[citation needed] Besides, the Crown Prince's marriage with the daughter of Queen Victoria was only the most prominent of several German–British relationships.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "United States Air Force", "paragraph_text": "The act created the National Military Establishment (renamed Department of Defense in 1949), which was composed of three subordinate Military Departments, namely the Department of the Army, the Department of the Navy, and the newly created Department of the Air Force. Prior to 1947, the responsibility for military aviation was shared between the Army (for land-based operations), the Navy (for sea-based operations from aircraft carriers and amphibious aircraft), and the Marine Corps (for close air support of infantry operations). The 1940s proved to be important in other ways as well. In 1947, Captain Chuck Yeager broke the sound barrier in his X-1 rocket-powered aircraft, beginning a new era of aeronautics in America.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "History of the British Army", "paragraph_text": "At his restoration Charles II sought to create a small standing army made up of some former Royalist and New Model Army regiments. On 26 January 1661, Charles II issued the Royal Warrant that created the first regiments of what would become the British Army, although Scotland and England maintained separate military establishments until the Acts of Union 1707.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 74192, "question": "who has the power to create an army", "answer": "Congress", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 }, { "id": 76130, "question": "when did #1 meet for the first time", "answer": "March 4, 1789", "paragraph_support_idx": 4 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Tai Chi Hero", "paragraph_text": "Tai Chi Hero (太極２ 英雄崛起) is a 2012 Hong Kong-Chinese 3D martial arts film directed by Stephen Fung, written and produced by Chen Kuo-fu. It is the sequel to Fung's 2012 film \"Tai Chi Zero\". It was released in Hong Kong on 25 October 2012. It is to be followed by a third undeveloped movie named \"Tai Chi Summit\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Tai Chi 0", "paragraph_text": "Tai Chi 0 or Tai Chi Zero (太極之零開始) or (太極：從零開始) is a 2012 Chinese 3D martial arts film directed by Stephen Fung. It is a fictitious retelling of how the Chen style of the martial art t'ai chi ch'uan, that for generations was kept within the Chen family of \"Chenjiagou\", was taught to the first outsider, Yang Luchan, by Chen Changxing. This is the first film to be produced by Stephen Fung's and Daniel Wu's new production company, Diversion Pictures and also marks the acting debut of Jayden Yuan, who plays the lead role. This film was shot back-to-back with its sequel, \"Tai Chi Hero.\" They are to be followed by a third as-of-yet undeveloped movie named \"Tai Chi Summit\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "E. Irving Couse", "paragraph_text": "Eanger Irving Couse (September 3, 1866 – April 26, 1936) was an American artist and a founding member and first president of the Taos Society of Artists. Born and reared in Saginaw, Michigan, he went to New York City and Paris to study art. While spending summers in Taos, he began to make the paintings of Native Americans, New Mexico, and the American Southwest for which he is best known. He later settled full time in Taos.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Taos Society of Artists", "paragraph_text": "The Taos Society of Artists was an organization of visual arts founded in Taos, New Mexico in 1915; it disbanded in 1927. The Society was essentially a commercial cooperative, as opposed to a stylistic collective, and its foundation contributed to the development of the tiny Taos art colony into an international art center.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Birth of the Dragon", "paragraph_text": "Philip Ng as Bruce Lee, founder of Jeet Kune Do. Xia Yu as Wong Jack Man, the Tai chi and Northern Shaolin Master who Bruce Lee fights. Jin Xing as Auntie Blossom, a gangster. Billy Magnussen as Steve McKee, Bruce Lee's student. Jingjing Qu as Xiulan, McKee's love interest. Simon Yin as Vinnie Wei Ron Yuan as Tony Yu", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Tai Po Kau Nature Reserve", "paragraph_text": "The Tai Po Kau Nature Reserve (), also called Tai Po Kau Special Area, is a nature reserve in the Tai Po area of the New Territories in northern Hong Kong. The area comprises a dense, hilly woodland with countless species of trees and numerous streams and rivers. It is noted by the Hong Kong Bird Watching Society and others as one of the best locations for seeing forest birds in Hong Kong.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Chinatown Kid", "paragraph_text": "Chinatown Kid () is a 1977 Shaw Brothers kung fu film directed by Chang Cheh, with action choreography by Robert Tai Chi Hsien and Lee Ka Ting, and starring Alexander Fu Sheng and the Venom Mob.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Vàm Cỏ", "paragraph_text": "The Vàm Cỏ River (sông Vàm Cỏ) is a river in Vietnam, south of Ho Chi Minh City. It joins the Soài Rạp in the Cần Giờ Mangrove Forest and is fed by two shallow tributaries, the Vàm Cỏ Tay (west) and Vàm Cỏ Dong (east) forming a V.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Chamisal, New Mexico", "paragraph_text": "Chamisal is a census-designated place (CDP) in Taos County, New Mexico, United States. It is on the scenic High Road to Taos. The population was 301 at the 2000 census.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Tai Tham (Unicode block)", "paragraph_text": "Tai Tham is a Unicode block containing characters of the Lanna script used for writing the Northern Thai (Kam Mu'ang), Tai Lü, and Khün languages.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Judson Crews", "paragraph_text": "Crews was born and raised in Waco, Texas. He first opened his Motive Bookshop and issued his first Motive Press publications in Waco. In 1947 he moved both concerns to Taos, New Mexico and married Taos photographer Mildred Tolbert. In addition to writing poetry, his activities in Taos over several decades included editing the poetry magazines \"Suck-egg Mule, The Deer and Dachshund, The Flying Fish, Motive, Vers Libre, Poetry Taos\" and \"The Naked Ear\" (which published poetry by Robert Creeley, Charles Bukowski, Kenneth L. Beaudoin, Stuart Z. Perkoff, Vincent Ferrini, Larry Eigner, LeRoi Jones (Amiri Baraka), Jack Anderson and Diane Di Prima, among others); and issuing chapbooks of his own poetry and poetry by his friends Wendell Anderson and Carol Bergé. Crews was a frequent contributor to \"Poetry Magazine,\" among many other literary journals. Besides operating his bookshop and press, he worked in newspaper production, as a teacher (including as a lecturer at the University of Zambia, 1974–1978), and as a social worker and counselor, until his retirement. He died on May 17, 2010 in Taos, NM and is buried in Tres Orejas, NM.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Sigma Chi", "paragraph_text": "Harry St. John Dixon, a brother from the Psi Chapter at the University of Virginia who fought for the Confederacy, kept a record of all Sigma Chis within his vicinity on the flyleaf of his diary during the American Civil War. He began planning a Confederate Army chapter of Sigma Chi with this information. On September 17, 1864 Dixon founded the Constantine Chapter of Sigma Chi during the Atlanta campaign with Harry Yerger, a brother from Mississippi who was in Dixon's division. Dixon stated the reasons for which the war - time chapter was created saying,", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Cheng Tin Hung", "paragraph_text": "Though closely associated with the Wu school of taijiquan, he founded a separate organisation called the Hong Kong Tai Chi Association (香港太極總會) which is now run by his wife Chan Lai Ping(陳麗平).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Shanghai 13", "paragraph_text": "Shanghai 13, also known as The Shanghai Thirteen, is a 1984 Hong Kong-Taiwanese martial arts film written and directed by Chang Cheh and starring an ensemble cast of notable film stars such as Andy Lau, Jimmy Wang Yu, Ti Lung, Chen Kuan-tai, Danny Lee, Bryan Leung, David Chiang, Chiang Sheng, Chi Kuan-chun, Chan Sing, Lu Feng and more.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Vadito, New Mexico", "paragraph_text": "Vadito is a census-designated place (CDP) in Taos County, New Mexico, United States. It is on the scenic High Road to Taos. The population was 270 at the 2010 census.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Kate Mann", "paragraph_text": "Kate Mann is an American musician currently based in Taos, New Mexico. She is originally from the Sandia Mountains in New Mexico but moved west as a young adult to pursue a career in music, then moved back in 2011.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Dai Jitao", "paragraph_text": "Dai Jitao or Tai Chi-t'ao (; January 6, 1891 – February 21, 1949) was a Chinese journalist, an early Kuomintang member, and the first head of the Examination Yuan of the Republic of China. He is often referred to as Dai Chuanxian () or by his other courtesy name, Dai Xuantang ().", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Tai Wai station", "paragraph_text": "Tai Wai () is an interchange station on the East Rail Line and the Ma On Shan Line of the Mass Transit Railway (MTR) system in Hong Kong. The station is located in Tai Wai, Sha Tin District.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Fix (film)", "paragraph_text": "Fix is a 2008 feature film directed by Tao Ruspoli starring Shawn Andrews, Olivia Wilde, Megalyn Echikunwoke, Tao Ruspoli, Dedee Pfeiffer and Andrew Fiscella.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Kung Fu Tai Chi", "paragraph_text": "Kung Fu Tai Chi (also commonly known as Kung Fu Magazine) is a United States magazine covering martial arts and combat sports (mainly Chinese Martial Arts). \"Kung Fu Tai Chi\" magazine began publication 1992 and is owned by TC Media, Inc. The magazine was started as a quarterly. In 1996 its frequency was switched to bimonthly and in 2000 to monthly. In 2001 it again became a bimonthly magazine. The headquarters is in Fremont, California. In 2009 Kung Fu Magazine started a YouTube account and posts videos on covering the full spectrum of Chinese martial arts and demonstrations.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 102789, "question": "What country is Tai Chi-tao from?", "answer": "China", "paragraph_support_idx": 16 }, { "id": 75372, "question": "how much debt do we have with #1", "answer": "about $1.18 trillion", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Oklahoma", "paragraph_text": "Norman plays host to the Norman Music Festival, a festival that highlights native Oklahoma bands and musicians. Norman is also host to the Medieval Fair of Norman, which has been held annually since 1976 and was Oklahoma's first medieval fair. The Fair was held first on the south oval of the University of Oklahoma campus and in the third year moved to the Duck Pond in Norman until the Fair became too big and moved to Reaves Park in 2003. The Medieval Fair of Norman is Oklahoma's \"largest weekend event and the third largest event in Oklahoma, and was selected by Events Media Network as one of the top 100 events in the nation\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Earth Day", "paragraph_text": "Earth Day is an annual event celebrated on April 22. Worldwide, various events are held to demonstrate support for environmental protection. First celebrated in 1970, Earth Day events in more than 193 countries are now coordinated globally by the Earth Day Network.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Beaver Dam Raceway", "paragraph_text": "Beaver Dam Raceway is a one-third mile banked clay oval track located in Beaver Dam, Wisconsin, U.S.A.. The track holds weekly races over the Northern American summer months. It hosts an annual World of Outlaws sprint car races. The 2013 U.S. Dirt Legends Nationals event was held at the track.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Florida Azalea Festival", "paragraph_text": "The Florida Azalea Festival is a two-day event held annually in Palatka, Florida, USA, on the first weekend of March. The festival celebrates the seasonal arrival of the azalea blossom to the northeast Florida region.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "25 Days of Christmas", "paragraph_text": "25 Days of Christmas is an annual season of Christmas programming broadcast during the month of December by the U.S. cable network Freeform. The event was first held in 1996, and has been annual fixture of the channel through its various incarnations, including The Family Channel, Fox Family, ABC Family, and Freeform.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "The Proms", "paragraph_text": "The Proms, more formally known as the BBC Proms or Henry Wood Promenade Concerts presented by the BBC, is an eight - week summer season of daily orchestral classical music concerts and other events held annually, predominantly in the Royal Albert Hall in central London, England, UK. Founded in 1895, seasons now consist of concerts in Albert Hall, chamber music concerts at Cadogan Hall, additional Proms in the Park events across the UK on the Last Night of the Proms, and associated educational and children's events. The season is a significant event in British culture. In classical music, Jiří Bělohlávek described the Proms as ``the world's largest and most democratic musical festival ''.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Canadian Marathon Championships", "paragraph_text": "The Canadian Marathon Championships is the annual national championships for the marathon in Canada. The event is currently part of the Ottawa Race Weekend. It includes both running and wheelchair divisions. The event has been held in Ottawa since its inception in 2000.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Turner Classic Movies", "paragraph_text": "In 2008, TCM won a Peabody Award for excellence in broadcasting. In April 2010, Turner Classic Movies held the first TCM Classic Film Festival, an event – now held annually – at the Grauman's Chinese Theater and the Grauman's Egyptian Theater in Hollywood. Hosted by Robert Osborne, the four-day long annual festival celebrates Hollywood and its movies, and features celebrity appearances, special events, and screenings of around 50 classic movies including several newly restored by the Film Foundation, an organization devoted to preserving Hollywood's classic film legacy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Widowmaker hill climb", "paragraph_text": "The Widowmaker hill climb is an outdoor motorcycle sport event held annually and sometimes semi-annually in Croydon, Utah, United States. It consists of two major professional competitions, the first being the motorcycle hill climb, which is held usually in the month of June of each year. The second competition is the snowmobile hill climb, which is usually held in the month of January. However, there are many more types of sub-competitions held, including competitions for amateur motorcyclist, ATV, and snowmobile riders.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Tour Alsace", "paragraph_text": "The Tour Alsace (or Tour d'Alsace) is a 6-day road bicycle race held annually in Alsace, France. It was first held in 2004 and it is a 2.2 rated event on the UCI Europe Tour.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Celebrate the Season Parade", "paragraph_text": "The Celebrate the Season Parade is one of the traditional parades held each year in Downtown Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It is held on the Saturday after Thanksgiving Day; that is, the last Saturday in November. It is one of the first events that rings in the holiday season and airs annually on WPXI, the local NBC-affiliated television station in Pittsburgh.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Virginia", "paragraph_text": "On the Eastern Shore island of Chincoteague the annual Pony Swim & Auction of feral Chincoteague ponies at the end of July is a unique local tradition expanded into a week-long carnival. The Shenandoah Apple Blossom Festival is a six-day festival held annually in Winchester that includes parades and bluegrass concerts. The Old Time Fiddlers' Convention in Galax, begun in 1935, is one of the oldest and largest such events worldwide. Two important film festivals, the Virginia Film Festival and the VCU French Film Festival, are held annually in Charlottesville and Richmond, respectively.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Nanjing", "paragraph_text": "Instead, Nanjing, as a popular tourist destination, hosts a series of government-organised events throughout the year. The annual International Plum Blossom Festival held in Plum Blossom Hill, the largest plum collection in China, attracts thousands of tourists both domestically and internationally. Other events include Nanjing Baima Peach Blossom and Kite Festival, Jiangxin Zhou Fruit Festival and Linggu Temple Sweet Osmanthus Festival.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Exhibition game", "paragraph_text": "Various auto racing organizations hold exhibition events; these events usually award no championship points to participants, but they do offer prize money to participants. The NASCAR Sprint Cup Series holds two exhibition events annually - the Sprint Unlimited, held at Daytona International Speedway at the start of the season, and the NASCAR Sprint All-Star Race, held at Charlotte Motor Speedway midway through the season. Both events carry a hefty purse of over USD $1,000,000. NASCAR has also held exhibition races at Suzuka Circuit and Twin Ring Motegi in Japan and Calder Park Thunderdome in Australia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Rwanda Film Festival", "paragraph_text": "The Rwanda Film Festival is a film festival held annually in July in Kigali, Rwanda. The Rwanda Film Festival gained worldwide recognition over the past years and has become one of Africa's major film events.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "AFL Grand Final", "paragraph_text": "The AFL Grand Final is an annual Australian rules football match, traditionally held on the final Saturday in September at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne, Australia, to determine the Australian Football League (AFL) premiers for that year. The game has become significant to Australian culture, spawning a number of traditions and surrounding activities which have grown in popularity since the interstate expansion of the Victorian Football League in the 1980s and the subsequent creation of the national AFL competition in the 1990s. The 2006 Sweeney Sports Report concluded that the AFL Grand Final has become Australia's most important sporting event, with the largest attendance, metropolitan television audience and overall interest of any annual Australian sporting event.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Dad Vail Regatta", "paragraph_text": "The Dad Vail Regatta is the largest regular intercollegiate rowing event in the United States, drawing over a hundred colleges and universities from North America. The regatta has been held annually on the Schuylkill River in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, since 1953.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan", "paragraph_text": "Several annual events—many of them centered on performing and visual arts—draw visitors to Ann Arbor. One such event is the Ann Arbor Art Fairs, a set of four concurrent juried fairs held on downtown streets. Scheduled on Wednesday through Saturday of the third week of July, the fairs draw upward of half a million visitors. Another is the Ann Arbor Film Festival, held during the third week of March, which receives more than 2,500 submissions annually from more than 40 countries and serves as one of a handful of Academy Award–qualifying festivals in the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Kila Raipur Sports Festival", "paragraph_text": "Kila Raipur Sports Festival, popularly known as the Rural Olympics, is held annually in Kila Raipur (near Ludhiana), in Punjab, India. Competitions are held for major Punjabi rural sports, include cart-race, athletic events and rope pulling.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Libre Software Meeting", "paragraph_text": "The Libre Software Meeting (LSM) is an annual free software event originally held in France. The French name of this event is Rencontres mondiales du logiciel libre (RMLL).", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 128389, "question": "What city is KKHH located?", "answer": "Houston", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 11974, "question": "What is the largest annual event held in #1 ?", "answer": "Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Admission to the Union", "paragraph_text": "The Admission to the Union Clause of the United States Constitution, oftentimes called the New States Clause, and found at Article IV, Section 3, Clause 1, authorizes the Congress to admit new states into the United States beyond the thirteen already in existence at the time the Constitution went into effect.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Elven C. Smith House", "paragraph_text": "Elven C. Smith House is a historic home located at Williamson, Mingo County, West Virginia. It was built in 1938, in a Neo-Classical Revival / Georgian Revival style. It is a red brick building with a hipped roof and features a two-story, flat roofed portico supported by fluted columns. Also on the property is a stone retaining wall and monumental stairway in the landscaped gardens.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Hannah Maria Libby Smith House", "paragraph_text": "The Hannah Maria Libby Smith House, also known as the Arnel Milner Home, is a historic house located in Provo, Utah, United States. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Meng House", "paragraph_text": "Meng House, also known as The Hill House and Clough-Wallace House, is a historic home located at Union in Union County, South Carolina, United States. It was built about 1832, and is a two-story, Greek Revival style frame dwelling. It features two two-story Doric order porticos supported by four stucco-over-brick columns. It has a two-story wing that houses the kitchen with bathrooms above.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "U. J. Cleveland House", "paragraph_text": "The U. J. Cleveland House (also known as the Thomas Smith House) is a historic house located at 551 Charles Street in Mobile, Alabama. It is locally significant as an intact Gulf Coast Cottage with an unusual interior plan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Alabama Territory", "paragraph_text": "The Territory of Alabama (sometimes Alabama Territory) was an organized incorporated territory of the United States. The Alabama Territory was carved from the Mississippi Territory on August 15, 1817 and lasted until December 14, 1819, when it was admitted to the Union as the twenty-second state.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Utah Territory", "paragraph_text": "The Territory of Utah was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from September 9, 1850, until January 4, 1896, when the final extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Utah, the 45th state.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Slave states and free states", "paragraph_text": "West Virginia became the 35th state on June 20, 1863, and the last slave state admitted to the Union. Eighteen months later, the West Virginia legislature completely abolished slavery, and also ratified the 13th Amendment on February 3, 1865.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "C. K. Schoonmaker Stone House", "paragraph_text": "The C. K. Schoonmaker Stone House is located on Queens Highway near the hamlet of Kerhonkson, New York, United States, in the Ulster County town of Rochester. It is a stone bank house erected in the early 19th century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Texas annexation", "paragraph_text": "The Texas annexation was the 1845 incorporation of the Republic of Texas into the United States of America, which was admitted to the Union as the 28th state on December 29, 1845.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Equestrian of Simón Bolívar", "paragraph_text": "Equestrian of Simón Bolívar is a public artwork by American artist Felix de Weldon. The monument is located at Virginia Avenue NW, 18th Street NW, and C Street NW near the United States Department of Interior and the Pan American Union building of the Organization of American States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "C. Burton Hotel", "paragraph_text": "The C. Burton Hotel, also known as the Sycamore House, is located on NY 55 a mile west of Grahamsville, New York, United States. It is a wooden Greek Revival structure dating to 1851.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "John Smith House (Kingston, New York)", "paragraph_text": "The John Smith House is located on Albany Avenue (NY 32) in Kingston, New York, United States. It is a wood frame house in the Italianate architectural style built in the mid-19th century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "James Peyton Smith", "paragraph_text": "James Peyton Smith, known as James P. Smith (September 6, 1925 – August 14, 2006), was a Democratic member of the Louisiana House of Representatives from Union and Morehouse parishes in North Louisiana, a position which he held from 1964 to 1972 during the administration of Governor John McKeithen. In the first term he represented only Union Parish. Thereafter from 1972 to 1992, he was the sergeant-at-arms of the Louisiana State Senate.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "John C. Sharp House", "paragraph_text": "The John C. Sharp House, located off Utah 36 in Vernon, Utah, is an Italianate house that was built in 1888.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "West Virginia", "paragraph_text": "West Virginia became a state following the Wheeling Conventions of 1861, after the American Civil War had begun. Delegates from some Unionist counties of northwestern Virginia decided to break away from Virginia, although they included many secessionist counties in the new state. West Virginia was admitted to the Union on June 20, 1863, and was a key border state during the war. West Virginia was the only state to form by separating from a Confederate state, the first to separate from any state since Maine separated from Massachusetts, and was one of two states admitted to the Union during the American Civil War (the other being Nevada). While a portion of its residents held slaves, most of the residents were yeomen farmers, and the delegates provided for gradual abolition of slavery in the new state constitution.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Other C. Wamsley House", "paragraph_text": "The Other C. Wamsley House built in 1909 is an historic octagon house located at 200 North 5th Street in Hamilton, Montana, United States. On August 26, 1988, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "51st state", "paragraph_text": "On May 15, 2013, Resident Commissioner Pierluisi introduced H.R. 2000 to Congress to \"set forth the process for Puerto Rico to be admitted as a state of the Union,\" asking for Congress to vote on ratifying Puerto Rico as the 51st state. On February 12, 2014, Senator Martin Heinrich introduced a bill in the US Senate. The bill would require a binding referendum to be held in Puerto Rico asking whether the territory wants to be admitted as a state. In the event of a yes vote, the president would be asked to submit legislation to Congress to admit Puerto Rico as a state.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Dakota Territory", "paragraph_text": "The Territory of Dakota was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from March 2, 1861, until November 2, 1889, when the final extent of the reduced territory was split and admitted to the Union as the states of North and South Dakota.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "John Blair Smith Todd", "paragraph_text": "John Blair Smith Todd (April 4, 1814 – January 5, 1872) was a Delegate from Dakota Territory to the United States House of Representatives and a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 131336, "question": "Which state is Elven C. Smith House located?", "answer": "West Virginia", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 }, { "id": 48271, "question": "when was #1 admitted to the union", "answer": "June 20, 1863", "paragraph_support_idx": 15 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Matherville, Mississippi", "paragraph_text": "Matherville is an unincorporated community located in Wayne County, Mississippi, United States. Matherville is located in the northwest corner of Wayne County, just to the west of the state of Alabama. The elevation of Matherville is 289 feet.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Detroit", "paragraph_text": "Oakland County in Metro Detroit, once rated amongst the wealthiest US counties per household, is no longer shown in the top 25 listing of Forbes magazine. But internal county statistical methods – based on measuring per capita income for counties with more than one million residents – show that Oakland is still within the top 12, slipping from the 4th-most affluent such county in the U.S. in 2004 to 11th-most affluent in 2009. Detroit dominates Wayne County, which has an average household income of about $38,000, compared to Oakland County's $62,000.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "8 Mile (film)", "paragraph_text": "The film, set in 1995 and based heavily on Eminem's real life upbringing, is an account of a young, aspiring white rapper named Jimmy ``B - Rabbit ''Smith Jr. (Eminem), who lives in a trailer park in Warren, Michigan, and his attempt to launch a career in hip - hop, a genre dominated by African - Americans. The film's title is derived from 8 Mile Road, the highway that runs along the border between predominantly black city of Detroit and Wayne County, and its predominantly white Oakland County and Macomb County suburbs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Fairfield, Illinois", "paragraph_text": "Fairfield is a city in and the county seat of Wayne County, Illinois, United States, and the location of Frontier Community College. The population was 5,421 at the 2000 census.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "8 Mile (film)", "paragraph_text": "The film is based loosely on Eminem's actual upbringing, and follows white rapper B - Rabbit (Eminem) and his attempt to launch a career in a genre dominated by African - Americans. The title is derived from 8 Mile Road, the highway between the predominantly black city of Detroit and Wayne County and the predominantly White Oakland County and Macomb County suburbs. It was filmed mostly on location.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Berry Township, Wayne County, Illinois", "paragraph_text": "Berry Township is located in Wayne County, Illinois. As of the 2010 census, its population was 351 and it contained 153 housing units.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Monticello, Kentucky", "paragraph_text": "Monticello is a home rule-class city in Wayne County, Kentucky, in the United States. It is the seat of its county. The population was 6,188 at the time of the 2010 U.S. census.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Zif Township, Wayne County, Illinois", "paragraph_text": "Zif Township is located in Wayne County, Illinois. As of the 2010 census, its population was 99 and it contained 51 housing units.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Corydon, Iowa", "paragraph_text": "Corydon is a city in Wayne County, Iowa, United States. The population was 1,585 in the 2010 census, a decline from 1,591 in the 2000 census. It is the county seat of Wayne County.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Grover Township, Wayne County, Illinois", "paragraph_text": "Grover Township is located in Wayne County, Illinois. As of the 2010 census, its population was 3,757 and it contained 1,941 housing units.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "8 Mile (film)", "paragraph_text": "8 Mile is a 2002 American musical drama film written by Scott Silver, directed by Curtis Hanson, and starring Eminem, Mekhi Phifer, Brittany Murphy, Michael Shannon, and Kim Basinger. The film is based loosely on Eminem's actual upbringing, and follows white rapper B - Rabbit (Eminem) and his attempt to launch a career in a genre dominated by African - Americans. The title is derived from 8 Mile Road, the highway between the predominantly black city of Detroit and Wayne County and the predominantly White Oakland County and Macomb County suburbs. It was filmed mostly on location.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Dunham, Quebec", "paragraph_text": "Dunham is a city in the Canadian province of Quebec, located in Brome-Missisquoi Regional County Municipality. The population as of the Canada 2011 Census was 3,471.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Zenith, Illinois", "paragraph_text": "Zenith is an unincorporated community in Orchard Township, Wayne County, Illinois, United States. Zenith is located on County Route 18 northwest of Fairfield.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Detroit", "paragraph_text": "Detroit (/dᵻˈtrɔɪt/) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Michigan, the fourth-largest city in the Midwest and the largest city on the United States–Canada border. It is the seat of Wayne County, the most populous county in the state. Detroit's metropolitan area, known as Metro Detroit, is home to 5.3 million people, making it the fourteenth-most populous metropolitan area in the United States and the second-largest in the Midwestern United States (behind Chicago). It is a major port on the Detroit River, a strait that connects the Great Lakes system to the Saint Lawrence Seaway. The City of Detroit anchors the second-largest economic region in the Midwest, behind Chicago, and the thirteenth-largest in the United States.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Waynesboro, Mississippi", "paragraph_text": "Waynesboro is a city in Wayne County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 5,043 at the 2000 census. It is the county seat of Wayne County.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Centerville, Wayne County, West Virginia", "paragraph_text": "Centerville is an unincorporated community in Wayne County, West Virginia, United States. Centerville is located on County Route 19 and Whites Creek west-northwest of Wayne.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "New York City", "paragraph_text": "Approximately 37% of the city's population is foreign born. In New York, no single country or region of origin dominates. The ten largest sources of foreign-born individuals in the city as of 2011 were the Dominican Republic, China, Mexico, Guyana, Jamaica, Ecuador, Haiti, India, Russia, and Trinidad and Tobago, while the Bangladeshi immigrant population has since become one of the fastest growing in the city, counting over 74,000 by 2013.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Sunset Ridge Country Club", "paragraph_text": "Sunset Ridge Country Club is a private country club located in Cook County, just outside the city limits of Northfield, Illinois, a suburb of Chicago.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Sainte-Brigitte-de-Laval", "paragraph_text": "Sainte-Brigitte-de-Laval is a city in La Jacques-Cartier Regional County Municipality in the Capitale-Nationale region of Quebec, Canada, located along the Montmorency River.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "North East Side (Denver)", "paragraph_text": "The North East Side (Denver), is a region/area located in both Denver County and Adams County. The neighborhoods located within Denver's north east side are Elyria-Swansea, Commerce City, and Derby. As of the 2007 Denver Piton Foundation and the United States Census Bureau, the region/area had a total population of 53,541 people.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 26104, "question": "What city dominates Wayne County?", "answer": "Detroit", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 }, { "id": 26005, "question": "In what region of the country is #1 located?", "answer": "Midwest", "paragraph_support_idx": 13 } ]

[ "Midwestern United States" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Freemasonry", "paragraph_text": "In addition, most Grand Lodges require the candidate to declare a belief in a Supreme Being. In a few cases, the candidate may be required to be of a specific religion. The form of Freemasonry most common in Scandinavia (known as the Swedish Rite), for example, accepts only Christians. At the other end of the spectrum, \"Liberal\" or Continental Freemasonry, exemplified by the Grand Orient de France, does not require a declaration of belief in any deity, and accepts atheists (a cause of discord with the rest of Freemasonry).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Economy of Oceania", "paragraph_text": "On a total scale the region has approximately 34,700,201 inhabitants who are spread among 30,000 islands in the South Pacific bordered between Asia and the Americas. This region has a diverse mix of economies from the highly developed and globally competitive financial market of Australia to the much less developed economies that belong to many of its island neighbours. New Zealand is the only other developed country in the region, although the economy of Australia is by far the largest and most dominant economy in the region and one of the largest in the world.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Age of Enlightenment", "paragraph_text": "The major opponent of Freemasonry was the Roman Catholic Church, so that in countries with a large Catholic element, such as France, Italy, Spain, and Mexico, much of the ferocity of the political battles involve the confrontation between what Davies calls the reactionary Church and enlightened Freemasonry. Even in France, Masons did not act as a group. American historians, while noting that Benjamin Franklin and George Washington were indeed active Masons, have downplayed the importance of Freemasonry in causing the American Revolution because the Masonic order was non-political and included both Patriots and their enemy the Loyalists.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "List of islands of the Philippines", "paragraph_text": "This is a list of islands of the Philippines. The Philippine archipelago comprises about 7,641 islands, of which only about 2,000 are inhabited. They are clustered into the three major island groups of Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "A Illa de Arousa", "paragraph_text": "A Illa de Arousa is the only island municipality in Galicia, Spain in the province of Pontevedra. It is located in the heart of the Ria de Arousa. According to 2011 INE the island's population was 5,020 inhabitants. The population is divided into several neighborhoods, and places of interest are the lighthouse's environment, the island of Areoso (close to the Illa de Arousa) and Carreirón Natural Park, which is listed as a special protection zone for heron birds populations among other birds that inhabit the island. The Holy viewpoint is the highest point on the island.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Freemasonry", "paragraph_text": "In 1933, the Orthodox Church of Greece officially declared that being a Freemason constitutes an act of apostasy and thus, until he repents, the person involved with Freemasonry cannot partake of the Eucharist. This has been generally affirmed throughout the whole Eastern Orthodox Church. The Orthodox critique of Freemasonry agrees with both the Roman Catholic and Protestant versions: \"Freemasonry cannot be at all compatible with Christianity as far as it is a secret organisation, acting and teaching in mystery and secret and deifying rationalism.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Nassau, Bahamas", "paragraph_text": "Nassau's modern growth began in the late eighteenth century, with the influx of thousands of American Loyalists and their slaves to the Bahamas following the American War of Independence. Many of them settled in Nassau (then and still the commerce capital of the Bahamas) and eventually came to outnumber the original inhabitants.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Canary Islands", "paragraph_text": "When the Europeans began to explore the islands in the late Middle Ages, they encountered several indigenous peoples living at a Neolithic level of technology. Although the prehistory of the settlement of the Canary Islands is still unclear, linguistic and genetic analyses seem to indicate that at least some of these inhabitants shared a common origin with the Berbers on the nearby North African coast. The precolonial inhabitants came to be known collectively as the Guanches, although \"Guanches\" had been the name for only the indigenous inhabitants of Tenerife. From the 14th century onward, numerous visits were made by sailors from Majorca, Portugal and Genoa. Lancelotto Malocello settled on Lanzarote in 1312. The Majorcans established a mission with a bishop in the islands that lasted from 1350 to 1400.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Cyprus", "paragraph_text": "In 1570, a full-scale Ottoman assault with 60,000 troops brought the island under Ottoman control, despite stiff resistance by the inhabitants of Nicosia and Famagusta. Ottoman forces capturing Cyprus massacred many Greek and Armenian Christian inhabitants. The previous Latin elite were destroyed and the first significant demographic change since antiquity took place with the formation of a Muslim community. Soldiers who fought in the conquest settled on the island and Turkish peasants and craftsmen were brought to the island from Anatolia. This new community also included banished Anatolian tribes, \"undesirable\" persons and members of various \"troublesome\" Muslim sects, as well as a number of new converts on the island.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Freemasonry", "paragraph_text": "Freemasonry consists of fraternal organisations that trace their origins to the local fraternities of stonemasons, which from the end of the fourteenth century regulated the qualifications of stonemasons and their interaction with authorities and clients. The degrees of freemasonry retain the three grades of medieval craft guilds, those of Apprentice, Journeyman or fellow (now called Fellowcraft), and Master Mason. These are the degrees offered by Craft (or Blue Lodge) Freemasonry. Members of these organisations are known as Freemasons or Masons. There are additional degrees, which vary with locality and jurisdiction, and are usually administered by different bodies than the craft degrees.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Ethnic groups in the Philippines", "paragraph_text": "The Philippines are inhabited by more than 175 ethnolinguistic nations, the majority of whose languages are Austronesian in origin. Many of these nations converted to Christianity, particularly the lowland - coastal nations, and adopted many foreign elements of culture. Ethnolinguistic nations include the Ivatan, Pangasinan, Kapampangan, Tagalog, Bicolano, Visayans (Masbateño, Hiligaynon, Cebuano, Waray, Butuanon, Romblomanon, Kamayo, Cuyonon, and Surigaonon), Zamboangueño, Subanon, and more.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Evans Island", "paragraph_text": "Evans Island is an island in the Prince William Sound of southern Alaska. It lies just east of Bainbridge Island across the Prince of Wales Passage. Elrington Island lies to its south, Latouche Island to its southeast, and Knight Island to its northeast. Although Evans Island had been inhabited up to the time of the Russian exploration of Alaska, the island had no modern-day inhabitants until 1984, when a group of residents and former residents of the original Alutiq village of Chenega, on Chenega Island, decided to build the village of Chenega Bay on Crab Bay on Evans Island. Old Chenega had been destroyed and one-third of its residents had been killed by the tsunami from the 1964 Alaska earthquake. The new community of Chenega is coextensive with Evans Island, which has a land area of 74.605 km² (28.805 sq mi) and a population of 86 persons as of the 2000 census.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Mokil Atoll", "paragraph_text": "Mwoakilloa (or Mokil previously named \"Wellington Island\" or \"Duperrey Island\", after Louis Isidore Duperrey) is an inhabited atoll in the central Pacific Ocean. Geographically, it belongs to the Caroline Islands and is a district of the outlying islands of Pohnpei of the Federated States of Micronesia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Freemasonry", "paragraph_text": "The denomination with the longest history of objection to Freemasonry is the Roman Catholic Church. The objections raised by the Roman Catholic Church are based on the allegation that Masonry teaches a naturalistic deistic religion which is in conflict with Church doctrine. A number of Papal pronouncements have been issued against Freemasonry. The first was Pope Clement XII's In eminenti apostolatus, 28 April 1738; the most recent was Pope Leo XIII's Ab apostolici, 15 October 1890. The 1917 Code of Canon Law explicitly declared that joining Freemasonry entailed automatic excommunication, and banned books favouring Freemasonry.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Freemasonry", "paragraph_text": "Many Islamic anti-Masonic arguments are closely tied to both antisemitism and Anti-Zionism, though other criticisms are made such as linking Freemasonry to al-Masih ad-Dajjal (the false Messiah). Some Muslim anti-Masons argue that Freemasonry promotes the interests of the Jews around the world and that one of its aims is to destroy the Al-Aqsa Mosque in order to rebuild the Temple of Solomon in Jerusalem. In article 28 of its Covenant, Hamas states that Freemasonry, Rotary, and other similar groups \"work in the interest of Zionism and according to its instructions ...\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "French Revolution", "paragraph_text": "Freemasonry played an important role in the revolution. Originally largely apolitical, Freemasonry was radicalised in the late 18th century through the introduction of higher grades, which emphasised themes of liberty, equality, and fraternity. Virtually every major player in the Revolution was a Freemason and these themes became the widely recognised slogan of the revolution.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Freemasonry", "paragraph_text": "Since the founding of Freemasonry, many Bishops of the Church of England have been Freemasons, such as Archbishop Geoffrey Fisher. In the past, few members of the Church of England would have seen any incongruity in concurrently adhering to Anglican Christianity and practicing Freemasonry. In recent decades, however, reservations about Freemasonry have increased within Anglicanism, perhaps due to the increasing prominence of the evangelical wing of the church. The former Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr Rowan Williams, appeared to harbour some reservations about Masonic ritual, whilst being anxious to avoid causing offence to Freemasons inside and outside the Church of England. In 2003 he felt it necessary to apologise to British Freemasons after he said that their beliefs were incompatible with Christianity and that he had barred the appointment of Freemasons to senior posts in his diocese when he was Bishop of Monmouth.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Skorpa, Sogn og Fjordane", "paragraph_text": "Skorpa is an island in the municipality in Flora in Sogn og Fjordane county, Norway. The island lies about west of the town of Florø in a large group of inhabited islands. Skorpa lies about north of the islands of Reksta and Kinn and about south of the island of Fanøya.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Possession Island (Queensland)", "paragraph_text": "Possession Island is a small island in the Torres Strait Islands group off the coast of far northern Queensland, Australia. It is known as Bedanug or Bedhan Lag by the one of the indigenous Australian inhabitants, the Kaurareg though the Ankamuti were also indigenous to the island.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Faik Pasha", "paragraph_text": "Faik Pasha (1876 – 30 August 1916), also known as Ahmed Faik or Sulejmani Faik from his Albanian origin (nicknamed \"Çolak\" Faik), was a general of the Ottoman Army, and the grandmaster of Freemasonry in the Ottoman Empire.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 15732, "question": "Where did Freemasonry originate?", "answer": "Scotland", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 84004, "question": "how many inhabited islands are there in #1", "answer": "Some 94", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Bryan Baptiste", "paragraph_text": "Bryan J. Baptiste (October 15, 1955 – June 22, 2008) was an American politician and member of the Republican Party. He served as mayor of the County of Kauai in Hawaii from 2002 until his death.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Corbin Van Arsdale", "paragraph_text": "Corbin Van Arsdale (born December 17, 1969), is an attorney in Austin, Texas, who is a Republican former member of the Texas House of Representatives. From 2003 to 2008, he represented District 130 outside Houston in northwestern Harris County. He resigned a few weeks before the expiration of his last term in office. In 2014, he was elected a non-partisan position to the city council of Cedar Park in the Austin area. In 2018, after serving two terms on the council, he was elected as mayor, winning with 70% of the vote.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Raeanne Presley", "paragraph_text": "Raeanne Presley is an American politician of the Republican Party, having served four terms as Mayor of Branson, Missouri. Presley had previously served as an alderman in Branson, and had lost an election for mayor to Lou Schaeffer in the mid-1990s. She was defeated for re-election in 2015 by the current mayor, Karen Best.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Ralph W. Ellis", "paragraph_text": "Ralph Waterbury Ellis (November 25, 1856-September 28, 1945) was an American lawyer, banker and politician who served in the Massachusetts House of Representatives, as a member of the Springfield, Massachusetts Board of Aldermen and Common Council, and as the Mayor of Springfield in 1902.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Jean-Paul Fournier", "paragraph_text": "Jean-Paul Fournier (born 16 October 1945 in Génolhac) is a French politician and a member of the Senate of France and mayor of Nîmes. He represents the Gard department and is a member of The Republicans Party.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "San Diego", "paragraph_text": "The members of the city council are each elected from single member districts within the city. The mayor and city attorney are elected directly by the voters of the entire city. The mayor, city attorney, and council members are elected to four-year terms, with a two-term limit. Elections are held on a non-partisan basis per California state law; nevertheless, most officeholders do identify themselves as either Democrats or Republicans. In 2007, registered Democrats outnumbered Republicans by about 7 to 6 in the city, and Democrats currently (as of 2015[update]) hold a 5-4 majority in the city council. The current mayor, Kevin Faulconer, is a Republican.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Spicy City", "paragraph_text": "Spicy City is an animated television series which was created by Ralph Bakshi for HBO. The series lasted for one season in 1997, which consisted of six episodes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Corsica, Pennsylvania", "paragraph_text": "Corsica is a borough in Jefferson County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 357 at the 2010 census. It was named for the island of Corsica, birthplace of Napoleon Bonaparte. The mayor of the borough is Dave Leadbetter.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Dorilus Morrison", "paragraph_text": "Dorilus Morrison (December 27, 1814 – June 26, 1897) was a banker, businessman, and Republican politician who lived in the US state of Minnesota. He was the first and third mayor of Minneapolis.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "John Shostak", "paragraph_text": "John Shostak (d. January 27, 1971) was a Republican member of the Connecticut House of Representatives from Norwalk, Connecticut for four terms, and the mayor of Norwalk from 1959 to 1961.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Macit Özcan", "paragraph_text": "Macit Özcan, (born 1954 in Karataş, Adana Province, Turkey) is a Turkish politician of the Republican People's Party (CHP) and the former mayor of Mersin.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Prescott Metcalf", "paragraph_text": "Prescott Metcalf (January 25, 1813 – October 14, 1891) was a prominent businessman and the 8th mayor of Erie, Pennsylvania. He was one of the first Republican mayors of Erie, Pennsylvania, a post he held from 1862 to 1864.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Ralph Helfer", "paragraph_text": "Ralph Helfer (born April 9, 1931 in Chicago, Illinois) is a notable American animal behaviorist, creator of Marine World/Africa USA, and writer of books about animals.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Bob Irvin", "paragraph_text": "Bob Irvin was an early leader of the modern Republican Party in Georgia in the United States. He served in the Georgia House of Representatives in the 1970s and again in the 1990s. He was the House Republican Leader. He ran unsuccessfully for the United States Senate in 2002, losing to Saxby Chambliss. He attracted attention in early 2005 by publicly calling for Ralph Reed to withdraw from the race for Lieutenant Governor of Georgia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "William Hale Thompson", "paragraph_text": "William Hale Thompson (May 14, 1869 -- March 19, 1944) was an American politician, mayor of Chicago for three terms, from 1915 to 1923 and again from 1927 to 1931. Known as ``Big Bill ''Thompson, he is the last Republican to have served as mayor of Chicago to date. Historians rank Thompson among the most unethical mayors in American history, mainly for his open alliance with Al Capone. However, others recognize the effectiveness of his political methods and publicity - oriented campaigning, acknowledging him as a`` Political Chameleon'' and an effective political machine. TIME magazine said in 1931, ``chief credit for creating 20th Century Politics Chicago Style ''should go to William Thompson.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Woodloch, Texas", "paragraph_text": "Woodloch is a town in Montgomery County, Texas, United States. The population was 207 at the 2010 census. As of March 2018, the current mayor is Ralph Leino, Jr.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Johnny Berthelot", "paragraph_text": "John Alan Berthelot, known as Johnny Berthelot (born November 1951), is a Republican member of the Louisiana House of Representatives from District 88, based in his hometown of Gonzales in eastern Ascension Parish near Baton Rouge, Louisiana. He was the mayor of Gonzales from 1984 until 2008 and great-nephew of first mayor of the city, \"Tee Joe\" Gonzales.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "J. Bracken Lee", "paragraph_text": "Joseph Bracken Lee (January 7, 1899 – October 20, 1996) was an American political figure in the state of Utah. A Republican, he served two terms as the 9th Governor of Utah (1949–57), six 2-year terms as mayor of Price, Utah (1935–47), and three terms as the 27th mayor of Salt Lake City (1960–71).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Antoine Rufenacht", "paragraph_text": "Antoine Rufenacht (born 11 May 1939 in Le Havre) is a French right-wing (The Republicans) politician and former mayor of Le Havre.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Connie McCready", "paragraph_text": "Constance \"Connie\" McCready (born Constance Averill, August 20, 1921 – December 22, 2000), was a journalist and politician from Portland, Oregon, in the United States. She held several elected offices in Oregon during her career, including the Oregon House of Representatives, the Portland City Council, and culminating with a partial term as Portland's mayor. To date, McCready remains the last Republican to serve as mayor of the city.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 144445, "question": "What is Ralph Helfer's birthplace?", "answer": "Chicago", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 }, { "id": 72045, "question": "who was the last republican mayor in #1", "answer": "William Hale Thompson", "paragraph_support_idx": 14 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Rick Roberson", "paragraph_text": "Rick Roberson (born July 7, 1947) is a retired professional basketball player who played in the NBA for the Los Angeles Lakers (1969–71), Cleveland Cavaliers (1971–73), Portland Trail Blazers (1973–74), New Orleans Jazz (1974–75) and Kansas City Kings (1975–76).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "King George III Museum", "paragraph_text": "The King George III Museum was a museum within King's College London, England between 1843 and 1927 which held the collections of scientific instruments of George III as well as eminent nineteenth-century scientists including Sir Charles Wheatstone and Charles Babbage. The collection of scientific and mathematical instruments assembled by George III, after whom the museum is named, was donated to the university by Queen Victoria in 1841, and the museum was opened by Albert, Prince Consort on 1 July 1843. The museum was located within the King's Building designed by Sir Robert Smirke. It counted among its collections the unfinished prototype of the Difference Engine No. 1, designed by Charles Babbage, who is considered a \"father of the computer\". The museum closed in 1926, and much of its collections were transferred on loan to the Science Museum, London.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Cleveland Cavaliers", "paragraph_text": "Cleveland Cavaliers 2018 -- 19 Cleveland Cavaliers season Conference Eastern Division Central Founded 1970 History Cleveland Cavaliers 1970 -- present Arena Quicken Loans Arena Location Cleveland, Ohio Team colors Wine, gold, navy blue, black Main sponsor Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company General manager Koby Altman Head coach Tyronn Lue Ownership Dan Gilbert (majority) Gordon Gund, Usher Raymond (minority) Affiliation (s) Canton Charge Championships 1 (2016) Conference titles 5 (2007, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018) Division titles 7 (1976, 2009, 2010, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018) Retired numbers 8 (7, 11, 22, 25, 34, 42, 43, Microphone) Website www.nba.com/cavaliers Uniforms Home Away", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Charles R. Weatherhogg", "paragraph_text": "Charles R. Weatherhogg (1872 - 1937) was an American architect from Fort Wayne, Indiana. He was born in Donington, England and attended the Art Institute of Lincoln in Lincolnshire. He worked for an architect in Lincolnshire before coming to the United States to see the 1893 World's Fair, lived in Chicago for a year, and settled in Fort Wayne in 1892.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Cleveland Cavaliers", "paragraph_text": "Cleveland Cavaliers 2018 -- 19 Cleveland Cavaliers season Conference Eastern Division Central Founded 1970 History Cleveland Cavaliers 1970 -- present Arena Quicken Loans Arena Location Cleveland, Ohio Team colors Wine, gold, navy blue, black Main sponsor Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company General manager Koby Altman Head coach Tyronn Lue Ownership Dan Gilbert (majority) Gordon Gund, Usher Raymond (minority) Affiliation (s) Canton Charge Championships 1 (2016) Conference titles 5 (2007, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018) Division titles 7 (1976, 2009, 2010, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018) Retired numbers 8 (7, 11, 22, 25, 34, 42, 43, MIC) Website www.nba.com/cavaliers Uniforms Home Away", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Cleveland Cavaliers", "paragraph_text": "In 2014, James returned to the Cavaliers after four seasons in Miami. While the Heat had a 224 -- 88 record during James' four - year tenure and won NBA titles in 2012 and 2013, the Cavaliers went 97 -- 215 and missed the playoffs each season. The Cavaliers made several moves to build a championship - contender around James, most notably acquiring power forward Kevin Love from the Minnesota Timberwolves, which created what many fans and media referred to a ``Big Three ''with James, Love, and Irving. The Lebron - led Cavaliers made four consecutive finals appearances in from 2015 to 2018, all against the Golden State Warriors, winning in 2016. The 2016 NBA Championship marked the Cavaliers' first title in franchise history, as they became the first team to come back from a 3 -- 1 deficit to win the Finals. It was also Cleveland's first championship in major professional sports since the 1964 Browns, signaling the end of the so - called Cleveland sports curse.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Anthony Jackson (soldier)", "paragraph_text": "Sir Anthony Jackson (1599–1666) was an English lawyer, soldier, and knight in the seventeenth century. A cavalier during the English Civil War, he was knighted by Charles II, participated in the Battle of Worcester, and was imprisoned in the Tower of London for over a decade.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "American Cocker Spaniel", "paragraph_text": "American Cocker Spaniels in UK and USA / Canada surveys had a median lifespan of about 10 to 11 years, which is on the low end of the typical range for purebred dogs, and one to two years less than other breeds of their size. The larger English Cocker Spaniel typically lives about a year longer than the American Cocker Spaniel. In a 2004 UK Kennel Club survey, the most common causes of death were cancer (23%), old age (20%), cardiac (8%), and immune - mediated (8%). In a 2003 USA / Canada Health Survey with a smaller sample size, the leading causes of death were cancer, hepatic disease, and immune - mediated.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Gerald R. Ford Birthsite and Gardens", "paragraph_text": "The Gerald R. Ford Birthsite and Gardens in Omaha, Nebraska marks the location of the house at 3202 Woolworth Avenue where U.S. President Gerald R. Ford lived for a couple of weeks after his birth in July 1913. It was the home of his paternal grandparents, Charles Henry and Martha King.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Infante Antonio Pascual of Spain", "paragraph_text": "Infante Antonio Pascual Francisco Javier Juan Nepomuceno Aniello Raimundo Silvestre of Spain (31 December 1755 – 20 April 1817) was a son of King Charles III of Spain and younger brother of King Charles IV of Spain and King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Lethent, California", "paragraph_text": "Lethent is a former settlement in Kings County, California. It was located on the Southern Pacific Railroad west of Lemoore, at an elevation of 217 feet (66 m). Lethent still appeared on maps as of 1926.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Tabula Rogeriana", "paragraph_text": "The Nuzhat al-mushtāq fi'khtirāq al-āfāq (, lit. \"the book of pleasant journeys into faraway lands\"), most often known as the Tabula Rogeriana (lit. \"The Book of Roger\" in Latin), is a description of the world and world map created by the Arab geographer Muhammad al-Idrisi in 1154. Al-Idrisi worked on the commentaries and illustrations of the map for fifteen years at the court of the Norman King Roger II of Sicily, who commissioned the work around 1138.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "English Springer Spaniel", "paragraph_text": "The English Springer Spaniel is a breed of gun dog in the Spaniel family traditionally used for flushing and retrieving game. It is an affectionate, excitable breed with a typical lifespan of twelve to fourteen years. They are very similar to the Welsh Springer Spaniel and are descended from the Norfolk or Shropshire Spaniels of the mid-19th century; the breed has diverged into separate show and working lines. The breed suffers from average health complaints. The show - bred version of the breed has been linked to ``rage syndrome '', although the disorder is very rare. It is closely related to the Welsh Springer Spaniel and very closely to the English Cocker Spaniel; less than a century ago, springers and cockers would come from the same litter. The smaller`` cockers'' hunted woodcock while the larger littermates were used to flush, or ``spring '', game. In 1902, The Kennel Club recognized the English Springer Spaniel as a distinct breed. They are used as sniffer dogs on a widespread basis. The term Springer comes from the historic hunting role, where the dog would flush (spring) birds into the air.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Queen Victoria", "paragraph_text": "Victoria later described her childhood as \"rather melancholy\". Her mother was extremely protective, and Victoria was raised largely isolated from other children under the so-called \"Kensington System\", an elaborate set of rules and protocols devised by the Duchess and her ambitious and domineering comptroller, Sir John Conroy, who was rumoured to be the Duchess's lover. The system prevented the princess from meeting people whom her mother and Conroy deemed undesirable (including most of her father's family), and was designed to render her weak and dependent upon them. The Duchess avoided the court because she was scandalised by the presence of King William's bastard children, and perhaps prompted the emergence of Victorian morality by insisting that her daughter avoid any appearance of sexual impropriety. Victoria shared a bedroom with her mother every night, studied with private tutors to a regular timetable, and spent her play-hours with her dolls and her King Charles spaniel, Dash. Her lessons included French, German, Italian, and Latin, but she spoke only English at home.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "National Register of Historic Places listings in King County, Washington", "paragraph_text": "This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in King County, Washington, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in an online map.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Cavaliers–Warriors rivalry", "paragraph_text": "Cavaliers -- Warriors rivalry Cleveland Cavaliers Golden State Warriors First meeting October 17, 1970 Warriors 128, Cavaliers 108 Latest meeting June 8, 2018 Warriors 108, Cavaliers 85 Next meeting N / A Statistics Meetings total 131 meetings All - time series Warriors, 73 -- 59 Regular season series Warriors, 59 -- 52 Postseason results Warriors, 15 -- 7 Longest win streak Cavaliers, 10 (1992 -- 96) Warriors, 7 (2015 -- 16; 2017 -- 18) Current win streak Warriors, 7 Post-season history 2015 NBA Finals: Warriors won, 4 -- 2 2016 NBA Finals: Cavaliers won, 4 -- 3 2017 NBA Finals: Warriors won, 4 -- 1 2018 NBA Finals: Warriors won, 4 -- 0", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Cavalier King Charles Spaniel", "paragraph_text": "The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is a small spaniel classed as a toy dog by The Kennel Club and the American Kennel Club. It originated in the United Kingdom and is one of the more popular breeds in many countries. Since 2000, it has grown in popularity in the United States and ranks as the 18th most popular pure - breed in the United States (2013 Registration Statistics). It has a silky, smooth coat and commonly a smooth undocked tail. The breed standard recognizes four colours: Blenheim (chestnut and white), Tricolor (black / white / tan), Black and Tan, and Ruby. The breed is generally friendly, affectionate and good with both children and other animals; however, they require a lot of human interaction. Since they are a family dog, it is recommended to not leave them alone for long periods at a time. The expected average lifespan of a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is under ten years.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Equestrian Portrait of Charles I", "paragraph_text": "The Equestrian Portrait of Charles I (also known as Charles I on Horseback) is an oil painting on canvas by Anthony van Dyck, showing Charles I on horseback. Charles I had become King of England, Scotland and Ireland in 1625 on the death of his father James I, and Van Dyck became Charles's Principal Painter in Ordinary in 1632.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Jantar Mantar, Jaipur", "paragraph_text": "The Jantar Mantar monument in Jaipur, Rajasthan is a collection of nineteen architectural astronomical instruments built by the Rajput king Sawai Jai Singh II, and completed in 1734. It features the world's largest stone sundial, and is a UNESCO World Heritage site. It is located near City Palace and Hawa Mahal. The instruments allow the observation of astronomical positions with the naked eye. The monument expresses architectural innovations, as well as the coming together of ideas from different religious and social beliefs in 18th - century India. The observatory is an example of the Ptolemaic positional astronomy which was shared by many civilizations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Edward Proger", "paragraph_text": "Edward Proger (16 June 1621 or 1618 – 31 December 1713) was a Member of Parliament for Brecknockshire/Breconshire, Page of Honour to King Charles I, Groom of the Bedchamber for King Charles II and Lord of the Manor of West Stow. He was Keeper of the Middle Park and Harewarren for 48 years.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 51110, "question": "where did the cavalier king charles spaniel come from", "answer": "the United Kingdom", "paragraph_support_idx": 16 }, { "id": 52808, "question": "where is #1 located on the world map", "answer": "off the north - western coast of the European mainland", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "North Carolina", "paragraph_text": "Located in Jacksonville, Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, combined with nearby bases Marine Corps Air Station (MCAS) Cherry Point, MCAS New River, Camp Geiger, Camp Johnson, Stone Bay and Courthouse Bay, makes up the largest concentration of Marines and sailors in the world. MCAS Cherry Point is home of the 2nd Marine Aircraft Wing. Located in Goldsboro, Seymour Johnson Air Force Base is home of the 4th Fighter Wing and 916th Air Refueling Wing. One of the busiest air stations in the United States Coast Guard is located at the Coast Guard Air Station in Elizabeth City. Also stationed in North Carolina is the Military Ocean Terminal Sunny Point in Southport.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Time in the Falkland Islands", "paragraph_text": "The Falkland Islands has officially used Falkland Islands Standard Time (UTC−3) all year round since 5 September 2010. However, many residents of Camp use UTC−4, known on the Falklands as \"Camp Time\" (as opposed to \"Stanley time\" or \"Government clocks\").", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Malacañang sa Sugbo", "paragraph_text": "Malacañang sa Sugbo (, ) is the official residence of the President of the Philippines in the Visayas. It is located in Cebu City near the Port Area and Fort San Pedro, and within walking distance from the Basilica Minore del Santo Niño, Magellan's Cross, and City Hall. It is named after the Malacañang Palace, the official residence of the President in the capital city of Manila.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Yapraklı, Fatsa", "paragraph_text": "Yapraklı is a village in the town of Fatsa, Turkey. It is located near downtown Fatsa and becoming an attraction for many city residents. Near the sea, there are many apartment complexes that are being built. The purpose of these complexes is for people to get away from the city environment to a quiet and green environment.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Avoca Island", "paragraph_text": "Avoca Island is an island located off the Intracoastal Waterway in the Morgan City Bayous near Morgan City, Louisiana, United States. It is home to many wildlife species. Part of the island is industrialized following the slow expansion of the city. Over 400 head of cattle reside on the island and Jim Bowie once herded cattle here in the nineteenth century. The island is also home to the Avoca Duck Club, founded in 1937.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Jesus Camp", "paragraph_text": "\"Jesus Camp\" is about the Kids on Fire School of Ministry, a charismatic Christian summer camp located just outside Devils Lake, North Dakota and run by Becky Fischer and her ministry, \"Kids in Ministry International.\" The film focuses on three children who attended the camp in the summer of 2005—Levi, Rachael, and Tory (Victoria). The film cuts between footage of the camp and a children's prayer conference held just before the camp at Christ Triumphant Church, a large charismatic church in Lee's Summit, Missouri, a suburb of Kansas City.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Camp Williams", "paragraph_text": "Camp W. G. Williams, commonly known as Camp Williams, also known as Army Garrison Camp Williams, is a National Guard training site operated by the Utah National Guard. It is located south of Bluffdale, west of Lehi, and north of Saratoga Springs and Cedar Fort, approximately south of Salt Lake City, straddling the border between Salt Lake County and Utah County in the western portion of the Traverse Mountains. Camp Williams is also home to the Non-Commissioned Officer's Basic Leader Course, which is taught to Active, National Guard, and Reserve components.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Michel Lejeune (politician)", "paragraph_text": "Michel Lejeune (born August 21, 1946) is a French politician, a member of the National Assembly. He represents the Seine-Maritime department, and is a member of the Union for a Popular Movement", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Webster State Park", "paragraph_text": "Webster State Park is a state park of Kansas, United States. It is located west of the city of Stockton in Rooks County. The park offers camping as well as boating on Webster Reservoir.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Belgrade, Maine", "paragraph_text": "Belgrade is a town in Kennebec County, Maine, United States. The population was 3,189 at the 2010 census. Belgrade's population, however, approximately doubles during the summer months as part-year residents return to seasonal camps located on the shores of Great Pond, Long Pond and Messalonskee Lake. Belgrade includes the villages of North Belgrade, Belgrade Depot and Belgrade Lakes (or The Village). Belgrade is included in the Augusta, Maine micropolitan New England City and Town Area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki", "paragraph_text": "In contrast to Hiroshima, almost all of the buildings were of old-fashioned Japanese construction, consisting of timber or timber-framed buildings with timber walls (with or without plaster) and tile roofs. Many of the smaller industries and business establishments were also situated in buildings of timber or other materials not designed to withstand explosions. Nagasaki had been permitted to grow for many years without conforming to any definite city zoning plan; residences were erected adjacent to factory buildings and to each other almost as closely as possible throughout the entire industrial valley. On the day of the bombing, an estimated 263,000 people were in Nagasaki, including 240,000 Japanese residents, 10,000 Korean residents, 2,500 conscripted Korean workers, 9,000 Japanese soldiers, 600 conscripted Chinese workers, and 400 Allied prisoners of war in a camp to the north of Nagasaki.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Reedley, California", "paragraph_text": "Reedley is a city in Fresno County, California, United States. Reedley is located in the San Joaquin Valley, east-southeast of Fresno, at an elevation of . The population at the 2010 census was . Its chief economic source is agriculture, particularly fruit and vegetable cultivation. The city dubs itself \"The World's Fruit Basket\". Reedley holds many festivals year round. The city of Reedley hosts the annual Reedley Fiesta in October, the Reedley Electrical Christmas Parade in December, the Reedley Street Faire in May, the Reedley Certified Farmers Market (Wednesday evening, in the summer), the Reedley Taste of the Town in September, and many other festivities to keep the residents and visitors busy and entertained. Reedley is situated along the Kings River and in the summer, many local residents and visitors drive to Cricket Hollow Park and Reedley Beach.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Rhyndarra", "paragraph_text": "Rhyndarra is a heritage-listed residence located at 23 Riverview Place, Yeronga, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. The architect was Andrea Stombuco. It was built from 1888 to 1938. It is also known as No. 2 Women's Hospital, Australian Military Forces 1st Military Hospital, National Service Training Hospital, No. 1 Camp Hospital, and Yeronga Girls' Industrial School. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 7 February 2005.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Wes Watkins Reservoir", "paragraph_text": "Wes Watkins Reservoir is a reservoir located in central Oklahoma, United States, between Oklahoma City and Shawnee (in the center of McLoud). Its primary use is recreation, especially camping and fishing.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Tulelake Municipal Airport", "paragraph_text": "The airport is unique in that it is located on the site of the Tule Lake War Relocation Center, a concentration camp used during the Japanese American internment. Tule Lake housed some 29,000 men, women and children between 1942 and 1945, and the foundations or supports of many camp buildings are visible from the air by pilots in the landing pattern.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Winhill/Losehill", "paragraph_text": "Winhill/Losehill is a Swedish six-member musical band from Umeå, Sweden led by vocalist Jonas Svennem Lundberg. The band's name is taken from two mountains located in the English village of Hope, Derbyshire, namely Win Hill and Lose Hill. It is a tribute to the location where Jonas Svennem Lundberg took part in a folk music camp at a younger age.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Kathleen L. Martin", "paragraph_text": "Kathleen L. Martin was commissioned an Ensign in May 1973 after graduating from Boston University. Following Officer Indoctrination School in Newport, R.I., she served at Naval Hospital, Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, as a staff nurse and later as a charge nurse in pediatrics. In 1976, she reported to Navy Recruiting District, Philadelphia, as the Medical Programs Officer.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "André Lejeune", "paragraph_text": "André Lejeune (4 July 1935 – 9 September 2009) was a French politician and a member of both the National Assembly and then Senate of France.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Guinea-Bissau", "paragraph_text": "Malaria kills more residents; 9% of the population have reported infection, It causes three times as many deaths as AIDS. In 2008, fewer than half of children younger than five slept under antimalaria nets or had access to antimalarial drugs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Philadelphia", "paragraph_text": "In 1940, non-Hispanic whites constituted 86.8% of the city's population. The population peaked at more than two million residents in 1950, then began to decline with the restructuring of industry, which led to the loss of many middle-class union jobs. In addition, suburbanization had been drawing off many of the wealthier residents to outlying railroad commuting towns and newer housing. Revitalization and gentrification of neighborhoods began in the late 1970s and continues into the 21st century, with much of the development in the Center City and University City areas of the city. After many of the old manufacturers and businesses left Philadelphia or shut down, the city started attracting service businesses and began to more aggressively market itself as a tourist destination. Glass-and-granite skyscrapers were built in Center City. Historic areas such as Independence National Historical Park located in Old City and Society Hill were renovated during the reformist mayoral era of the 1950s through the 1980s. They are now among the most desirable living areas of Center City. This has slowed the city's 40-year population decline after it lost nearly one-quarter of its population.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 24685, "question": "Where is Camp Lejeune located?", "answer": "Jacksonville", "paragraph_support_idx": 0 }, { "id": 41437, "question": "How many of #1 's city residents are younger than 18?", "answer": "23.9%", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Federal Prison Camp, Nellis", "paragraph_text": "Nellis Prison Camp was a United States federal minimum-security prison, also known as a Federal Prison Camp (FPC), located on Nellis Air Force Base in the state of Nevada. The camp was operational between 1989 and 2006. Notable former inmates include Peter Bacanovic who was convicted along with Martha Stewart of various crimes in the ImClone scandal, and Larry Jay Levine founder of Wall Street Prison Consultants.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Guantanamo Bay detention camp", "paragraph_text": "The Guantanamo Bay detention camp is a United States military prison located within Guantanamo Bay Naval Base, also referred to as Guantánamo or GTMO (/ ˈɡɪtmoʊ /), which is on the coast of Guantánamo Bay in Cuba. Since the inmates have been detained indefinitely without trial and several detainees have alleged torture, the operations of this camp are considered to be a major breach of human rights by Amnesty International.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Douglas M. Stone", "paragraph_text": "Douglas M. Stone is a Major General, United States Marine Forces Reserve, Retired. He relinquished in 2008 the position of Deputy Commanding General, Detainee Operations, Multi-National Force-Iraq and Commander, Task Force 134, commanding all detention operations at Camp Cropper, Camp Bucca and Camp Ashraf. He was nominated for Lieutenant General and was to be head of Marine Forces Reserve and Marine Forces North.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Gohar Ayub Khan", "paragraph_text": "Gohar Ayub Khan hails from the village of Rehana, located in the Haripur District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province and belongs to the Tareen tribe of ethnic Hazarawal Pashtuns, He is fluent in Hindko and Pashto. He is the son of former President Field Marshal Ayub Khan and played an influential role in sustaining his father's presidential rule after the 1965 presidential election. Educated at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, after graduation Gohar Ayub Khan was given a commission in Pakistan Army in 1959. During his military service he served as his father's aide-de-camp, travelling with him on several foreign trips. Upon his resignation in 1962 with the rank of Captain, he established a business conglomerate and entered in politics in 1974.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "André Lejeune", "paragraph_text": "André Lejeune (4 July 1935 – 9 September 2009) was a French politician and a member of both the National Assembly and then Senate of France.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "North Carolina", "paragraph_text": "Located in Jacksonville, Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, combined with nearby bases Marine Corps Air Station (MCAS) Cherry Point, MCAS New River, Camp Geiger, Camp Johnson, Stone Bay and Courthouse Bay, makes up the largest concentration of Marines and sailors in the world. MCAS Cherry Point is home of the 2nd Marine Aircraft Wing. Located in Goldsboro, Seymour Johnson Air Force Base is home of the 4th Fighter Wing and 916th Air Refueling Wing. One of the busiest air stations in the United States Coast Guard is located at the Coast Guard Air Station in Elizabeth City. Also stationed in North Carolina is the Military Ocean Terminal Sunny Point in Southport.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "United States Air Force Basic Military Training", "paragraph_text": "United States Air Force Basic Military Training (also known as BMT or boot camp) is an eight - week program of physical and mental training required in order for an individual to become an enlisted Airman in the United States Air Force. It is located at Lackland Air Force Base in San Antonio, Texas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Enoch Barton Garey", "paragraph_text": "Enoch Barton Garey (August 7, 1883 – September 24, 1957) was a Maryland native who served as a major in World War I and as a commander in the Maryland State Police force. Garey was also a military expert and author of the book \"The Plattsburg Manual: A Handbook for Federal Training Camps\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "United States Air Force Basic Military Training", "paragraph_text": "United States Air Force Basic Military Training (also known as BMT or boot camp) is an eight - and - a-half - week program of physical and mental training required in order for an individual to become an enlisted Airman in the United States Air Force. It is carried out at Lackland Air Force Base in San Antonio, Texas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Myanmar", "paragraph_text": "Myanmar's armed forces are known as the Tatmadaw, which numbers 488,000. The Tatmadaw comprises the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force. The country ranked twelfth in the world for its number of active troops in service. The military is very influential in Myanmar, with all top cabinet and ministry posts usually held by military officials. Official figures for military spending are not available. Estimates vary widely because of uncertain exchange rates, but Myanmar's military forces' expenses are high. Myanmar imports most of its weapons from Russia, Ukraine, China and India.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Korean People's Army", "paragraph_text": "Korean People's Army 조선인민군 Flag of the Korean People's Army Ground Force is used to represent the entire Korean People's Army. Founded April 25, 1932 Current form February 8, 1948 Service branches Korean People's Army Ground Force Korean People's Army Air Force Korean People's Army Naval Force Strategic Force Special Operation Force Headquarters Pyongyang, North Korea Leadership Supreme Commander Marshal Kim Jong - un Minister of the Armed Forces General No Kwang - chol Chief of the General Staff Vice Marshal Ri Yong - gil Manpower Military age 17 Conscription 18 Available for military service 12,933,972, age 15 - 29 Fit for military service 4,836,567 males, age 15 - 29, 5,230,137 females, age 15 - 29 Reaching military age annually 207,737 males, 204,553 females Active personnel 945,000 (2018) Reserve personnel 5,500,000 (2018) Expenditures Budget $10 Billion (2018) Percent of GDP 25% Related articles Ranks Comparative military ranks of Korea", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Soviet Armed Forces", "paragraph_text": "Armed Forces of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Вооружённые Силы Союза Советских Социалистических Республик Vooruzhonnyye Sily Soyuza Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik Founded 15 January 1918 Current form 23 February 1946 Disbanded 25 December 1991 Service branches Soviet Army Soviet Air Forces Soviet Navy Soviet Air Defence Forces Strategic Missile Troops Headquarters Moscow, Russian SFSR Leadership Supreme Commander Joseph Stalin (1941 -- 1953) Mikhail Gorbachev (1990 -- 1991) Minister of Defence Joseph Stalin (1946 -- 1947) Yevgeny Shaposhnikov (1991) Chief of the General Staff Aleksandr Vasilevsky (1946 -- 1948) Vladimir Lobov (1991) Manpower Military age 18 -- 27 Conscription 18 Available for military service 92,345,764 (1991), age 18 -- 27 Active personnel 4,230,920 (1991) Expenditures Budget $300 billion (1990) Percent of GDP 15 - 17% (1989) Related articles History Military history of the Soviet Union Ranks Military ranks of the Soviet Union", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "National Defence University of Malaysia", "paragraph_text": "The National Defence University of Malaysia (UPNM; ) is a military university located in Sungai Besi Camp, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The university is Malaysia's first catering to the needs and development of the Malaysian Armed Forces. There are around 2,700 undergraduate students, with over 890 of them Officer Cadets that undergo four to five years of training.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Kevin P. Chilton", "paragraph_text": "Kevin Patrick \"Chilli\" Chilton (born November 3, 1954) is an American mechanical engineer, and former United States Air Force four-star General and test pilot. His last assignment was as Commander, U.S. Strategic Command from October 3, 2007 to January 28, 2011. Prior to his appointment to general officer ranks, Chilton spent 11 years of his military career as a NASA astronaut. He retired from the Air Force on February 1, 2011, after having achieved the highest rank of any military astronaut. On January 30, 2012, General Chilton was named to the board of directors of Orbital Sciences Corporation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Kathleen L. Martin", "paragraph_text": "Kathleen L. Martin was commissioned an Ensign in May 1973 after graduating from Boston University. Following Officer Indoctrination School in Newport, R.I., she served at Naval Hospital, Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, as a staff nurse and later as a charge nurse in pediatrics. In 1976, she reported to Navy Recruiting District, Philadelphia, as the Medical Programs Officer.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Majura Training Area", "paragraph_text": "The Majura Training Area (MTA) is a facility belonging to the Australian Department of Defence located to the east of Mount Majura in the Majura district in the Australian Capital Territory, Australia. The MTA is used primarily by the Australian Army for the conduct of field exercises and weapon qualification shoots. The MTA is located near to the Royal Military College, Duntroon and the Australian Defence Force Academy and is frequently used by these training establishments. Accommodation and support on the range is through 'Camp Blake', which consists of headquarters buildings, Q-Store, Mess, Staff accommodation and amenities and trainee accommodation and amenities.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Fort Harrison State Park", "paragraph_text": "Fort Harrison, sometimes called Fort Ben, is an Indiana state park located in Lawrence, Indiana, United States, and occupies part of the former site of Fort Benjamin Harrison. The park features a former Citizen's Military Training Camp, Civilian Conservation Corps camp, and World War II prisoner of war camp. There are also picnicking and walking/jogging trails.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Crazy Horse", "paragraph_text": "In September 1877, four months after surrendering to U.S. troops under General George Crook, Crazy Horse was fatally wounded by a bayonet-wielding military guard while allegedly resisting imprisonment at Camp Robinson in present-day Nebraska. He ranks among the most notable and iconic of Native American warriors and was honored by the U.S. Postal Service in 1982 with a 13¢ Great Americans series postage stamp.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Battle of Karameh", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Karameh () was a 15-hour military engagement between the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and combined forces of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and the Jordanian Armed Forces (JAF) in the Jordanian town of Karameh on 21 March 1968, during the War of Attrition. It was planned by Israel as one of two concurrent raids on PLO camps, one in Karameh and one in the distant village of Safi—codenamed Operation Inferno () and Operation Asuta (מבצע אסותא), respectively—but the former turned into a full-scale battle.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Rhyndarra", "paragraph_text": "Rhyndarra is a heritage-listed residence located at 23 Riverview Place, Yeronga, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. The architect was Andrea Stombuco. It was built from 1888 to 1938. It is also known as No. 2 Women's Hospital, Australian Military Forces 1st Military Hospital, National Service Training Hospital, No. 1 Camp Hospital, and Yeronga Girls' Industrial School. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 7 February 2005.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 24685, "question": "Where is Camp Lejeune located?", "answer": "Jacksonville", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 }, { "id": 41391, "question": "What is the ranking of the military forces in #1 ?", "answer": "third largest", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Hole cam", "paragraph_text": "The hole cam became popular in 1999 when the \"Late Night Poker\" program first began using it in televised tournaments shown on British Channel 4. Cameras were also used in the \"Poker Million\" prior to gaining further popularity after the ESPN broadcasts of the \"2002 World Series of Poker\" and the \"World Poker Tour\" began airing on the Travel Channel in 2003.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Brent Carter", "paragraph_text": "Brent R. Carter (born September 28, 1948) is an American professional poker player from Oak Park, Illinois who has won two World Series of Poker bracelets. He lives in Oak Park, IL.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "South Point Hotel, Casino & Spa", "paragraph_text": "South Point Casino, Hotel and Spa Location Enterprise, Nevada 89183 Address 9777 Las Vegas Boulevard Opening date December 22, 2005; 12 years ago (December 22, 2005) Theme Southern California No. of rooms 2,163 Total gaming space 80,000 sq ft (7,400 m) Signature attractions South Point Equestrian Center Showroom Spa and Salon 16 - screen Movie Theater Complex 64 - lane Bowling Center The Tournament Bowling Plaza Convention Center Race book Sports book Poker Room Notable restaurants Michael's Gourmet Room Silverado Steakhouse Don Vito's Italian Restaurant Primarily Prime Rib Baja Miguel's Mexican Restaurant Big Sur Oaster Bar Zenshin Asian Restaurant Coronado Cafe Garden Buffet Steak 'n Shake Del Mar Deli kate's Korner Smoothies and Ice - cream Seattle's Best Coffee Casino type Land - Based Owner Michael Gaughan Architect Leo A Daly / Klai Juba / Sink Combs Dethlefs Previous names South Coast Renovated in 2008 (new tower) Website South Point Hotel and Casino", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Paul Wasicka", "paragraph_text": "Paul J. Wasicka (born February 17, 1981 in Dallas, Texas) is a professional poker player, based in Denver, Colorado who was the runner-up at the 2006 World Series of Poker Main Event and the winner of the 2007 NBC National Heads-Up Poker Championship.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Greg Merson", "paragraph_text": "Gregory \"Greg\" Merson (born December 8, 1987) is an American professional poker player. Merson is best known as the winner of the Main Event at the 2012 World Series of Poker (WSOP). During the same year, he also won a WSOP bracelet in the $10,000 Six Handed No-Limit Hold'em World Championship. Largely as a result of these two championships, he was the 2012 WSOP Player of the Year. He is an online shorthanded cash game poker professional.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "WinStar World Casino", "paragraph_text": "WinStar World Casino and Resort is a hotel and casino located near the Oklahoma -- Texas state line, 1 mile (1.6 km) north of the Red River, at Exit 1 and Exit 3 off Interstate 35 in Thackerville, Oklahoma. The casino opened as the WinStar Casinos in 2004, and was expanded (with a 395 - room hotel tower) and renamed WinStar World Casino in 2009, with its 600,000 square feet (56,000 m) of casino floor making it the world's largest casino. In August 2013, WinStar Resorts completed a major expansion project, which added a new 1000 - room second hotel tower that was divided into two phases; this also added a new casino that is attached to the tower. As a result of the completion of this expansion, the casino overtook Foxwoods Resort Casino to become the largest casino in the United States and the second largest in the world based on gaming floor space. WinStar has over 7,400 electronic games, 55 table poker rooms, 99 total table games, Racer's off - track betting, High Limit Room, keno, and bingo.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "National Heads-Up Poker Championship", "paragraph_text": "The National Heads-Up Poker Championship was an annual poker tournament held in the United States and produced by the NBC television network. It is a $25,000 \"buy-in\" invitation-only tournament organized as a series of one-on-one games of no limit Texas hold 'em matches. The participants include many of the world's most successful poker players, as well as celebrities.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "High Stakes Gambling", "paragraph_text": "High Stakes Gambling is a Game Boy casino video game that takes place during the Great Depression in the 1930s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "2018 World Series of Poker", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 World Series of Poker (WSOP) will take place from May 30 - July 17 at the Rio All Suite Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada. There will be a record 78 bracelet events. The $10,000 No Limit Hold'em Main Event will begin on July 2 and conclude on July 14. Unlike previous years the Main Event will not be the final event to conclude, with 13 tournaments scheduled after it. The $1,000,000 Big One for One Drop will also be held at the WSOP for the first time since 2014.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "World Series of Poker", "paragraph_text": "In 2004, Harrah's Entertainment (now Caesars Entertainment) purchased Binion's Horseshoe, retained the rights to the Horseshoe and World Series of Poker brands, sold the hotel and casino to MTR Gaming Group, and announced that the 2005 Series events would be held at the Harrah's - owned Rio Hotel and Casino, located just off the Las Vegas Strip. The final two days of the main event in 2005 were held downtown at what is now the MTR - operated ``Binion's ''in celebration of the centennial of the founding of Las Vegas. The WSOP also added a made - for - television $2 million`` freeroll'' invitational Tournament of Champions (TOC) event first won by Annie Duke as a ``winner - take - all ''event.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "World Series of Poker", "paragraph_text": "The World Series of Poker (WSOP) is a series of poker tournaments held annually in Las Vegas and, since 2005, sponsored by Caesars Entertainment Corporation (known as Harrah's Entertainment until 2010). It dates its origins to 1970, when Benny Binion invited seven of the best - known poker players to the Horseshoe Casino for a single tournament, with a set start and stop time, and a winner determined by a secret ballot of the seven players.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 11, "title": "World Championship Poker", "paragraph_text": "World Championship Poker is a series of poker video games first developed by Coresoft and released in 2005 by Crave Entertainment. The series capitalizes on the recent popularity of poker due to the successful World Series of Poker.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "World Series of Poker", "paragraph_text": "The idea of a World Series of Poker began in 1969 with an event called the Texas Gambling Reunion. It was an invitational event sponsored by Tom Moore of San Antonio, Texas, and held at the Holiday Hotel and Casino in Reno. This inaugural event was won by Crandell Addington. The set of tournaments that the World Series of Poker (WSOP) would evolve into was the brainchild of Las Vegas casino owner and poker player Benny Binion. In 1970, the first WSOP at Binion's Horseshoe took place as a series of cash games that included five - card stud, deuce to seven low - ball draw, razz, seven - card stud, and Texas hold 'em. The format for the Main Event as a freeze - out Texas hold' em game came the next year. The winner in 1970, Johnny Moss, was elected by his peers as the first ``World Champion of Poker ''and received a silver cup as a prize.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Black Hawk, Colorado", "paragraph_text": "Ameristar Casino Resort Spa Black Hawk, owned by Ameristar Casinos Black Hawk Station Bull Durham Saloon & Casino Canyon Casino Saratoga Casino Black Hawk, owned by Saratoga Harness Racing Gilpin Hotel Casino, owned by Jacobs Entertainment Golden Gates Casino, owned by Affinity Gaming Golden Gulch Casino, owned by Affinity Gaming Golden Mardi Gras Casino, owned by Affinity Gaming Isle of Capri Black Hawk, owned by Isle of Capri Casinos Lady Luck Casino, owned by Isle of Capri Casinos The Lodge Casino, owned by Jacobs Entertainment Monarch Casino, owned by Monarch Casino & Resort, Inc. Red Dolly Casino Sasquatch Casino Wild Card Casino Z Casino", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Rio All-Suite Hotel and Casino", "paragraph_text": "Rio Las Vegas is a hotel and casino near the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada, United States. It is owned and operated by Caesars Entertainment Corporation. The Rio was the first all suite resort in the Las Vegas area. It was named after the city of Rio de Janeiro and is influenced by Brazilian culture. It is the host casino for the World Series of Poker.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "The Poker Star", "paragraph_text": "The Poker Star is an Australian reality game show broadcast on One from 26 September 2009. It is created and hosted by former World Series of Poker Champion Joe Hachem, who will also act as judge and mentor to the contestants. New Zealand poker champion Lee Nelson will also appear as a judge. The series is sponsored by PokerStars.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Park MGM", "paragraph_text": "The Monte Carlo Resort and Casino is a megaresort hotel and casino on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada, United States. The hotel, with a height of 360 ft (110 m), has 32 floors, featuring a 102,000 - square - foot (9,500 m) casino floor with 1,400 slot machines, 60 table games, and 15 poker tables. It is owned and operated by MGM Resorts International. The hotel offers 2,992 guest rooms, including 259 luxury suites. It is being converted from late 2016 to 2018 into the Park MGM, with the upper floors converted into a boutique hotel, NoMad Las Vegas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Vitaly Lunkin", "paragraph_text": "Vitaly Lunkin (born 7 May 1971) is a Russian professional poker player from Moscow, Russia who has won two World Series of Poker bracelets.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "The Biggest Game in Town", "paragraph_text": "In 1983, Al Alvarez published, The Biggest Game in Town, a book detailing the 1981 World Series of Poker event. The first book of its kind, it described the world of professional poker players and the World Series of Poker. It is credited with beginning the genre of poker literature and with bringing Texas Hold'em (and poker generally), for the first time, to a wider audience.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "World Series of Poker: Pro Challenge", "paragraph_text": "World Series of Poker: Pro Challenge is a poker game (texas hold 'em) by Glu Mobile for mobile phones and the N-Gage 2.0 platform.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 50578, "question": "where does the world series of poker take place", "answer": "Las Vegas", "paragraph_support_idx": 10 }, { "id": 66442, "question": "who owns the south point casino #1", "answer": "Michael Gaughan", "paragraph_support_idx": 2 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Haiti", "paragraph_text": "The island was named La Española and claimed by Spain, which ruled until the early 17th century. Competing claims and settlements by the French led to the western portion of the island being ceded to France, which named it Saint-Domingue. Sugarcane plantations, worked by slaves brought from Africa, were established by colonists.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Battle of Cap-Français", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Cap-Français was a naval engagement during the Seven Years' War fought between French and British forces outside the harbour of Cap-Français, Saint-Domingue (present-day Cap-Haïtien, Haiti) on 21 October 1757.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Strasbourg", "paragraph_text": "The Bibliothèque nationale et universitaire (BNU) is, with its collection of more than 3,000,000 titles, the second largest library in France after the Bibliothèque nationale de France. It was founded by the German administration after the complete destruction of the previous municipal library in 1871 and holds the unique status of being simultaneously a students' and a national library. The Strasbourg municipal library had been marked erroneously as \"City Hall\" in a French commercial map, which had been captured and used by the German artillery to lay their guns. A librarian from Munich later pointed out \"...that the destruction of the precious collection was not the fault of a German artillery officer, who used the French map, but of the slovenly and inaccurate scholarship of a Frenchman.\"", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 3, "title": "WFPL", "paragraph_text": "WFPL is a 24-hour listener-supported, noncommercial radio station in Louisville, Kentucky, broadcasting at 89.3 MHz and focusing on news. The station is the flagship National Public Radio station for the Louisville market. WFPL is now owned by Louisville Public Media and was originally owned by the Louisville Free Public Library. When the station came on the air in 1950, it was the first library-owned radio station in the country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Yale University", "paragraph_text": "Yale is organized into fourteen constituent schools: the original undergraduate college, the Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, and twelve professional schools. While the university is governed by the Yale Corporation, each school's faculty oversees its curriculum and degree programs. In addition to a central campus in downtown New Haven, the University owns athletic facilities in western New Haven, including the Yale Bowl, a campus in West Haven, Connecticut, and forest and nature preserves throughout New England. The university's assets include an endowment valued at $25.6 billion as of September 2015, the second largest of any educational institution.The Yale University Library, serving all constituent schools, holds more than 15 million volumes and is the third-largest academic library in the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "University of Notre Dame", "paragraph_text": "The library system also includes branch libraries for Architecture, Chemistry & Physics, Engineering, Law, and Mathematics as well as information centers in the Mendoza College of Business, the Kellogg Institute for International Studies, the Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, and a slide library in O'Shaughnessy Hall. A theology library was also opened in fall of 2015. Located on the first floor of Stanford Hall, it is the first branch of the library system to be housed in a dorm room. The library system holds over three million volumes, was the single largest university library in the world upon its completion, and remains one of the 100 largest libraries in the country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Vancouver Community Library", "paragraph_text": "The Vancouver Community Library is a library in Vancouver, Washington, in the United States. Part of the Fort Vancouver Regional Library District, the 83,000-square-foot library is the second largest in the Portland metropolitan area, second to the Central Library in Portland, Oregon. The library's grand opening was held on July 17, 2011. It is a LEED Gold Certified building.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "François Capois", "paragraph_text": "He was born in Port-de-Paix, Saint-Domingue on the island of Hispaniola, on the plantation of Laveaux/Lapointe. His name was a transformation of the name \"cappouet\", owner of the plantation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Nanjing", "paragraph_text": "Nanjing Library, founded in 1907, houses more than 10 million volumes of printed materials and is the third largest library in China, after the National Library in Beijing and Shanghai Library. Other libraries, such as city-owned Jinling Library and various district libraries, also provide considerable amount of information to citizens. Nanjing University Library is the second largest university libraries in China after Peking University Library, and the fifth largest nationwide, especially in the number of precious collections.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Nicolas-Joseph Thiéry de Menonville", "paragraph_text": "Nicolas-Joseph Thiéry de Menonville (Saint-Mihiel, France, 18 June 1739 – Port-au-Prince, Saint-Domingue, 1780), \"avocat\" at the \"Parlement of Paris\", was a French botanist who volunteered to be sent to Mexico in 1776 to steal the cochineal insect valued for its scarlet dye. In his clandestine bioprospecting piracy, he worked without official papers and would have been ruthlessly treated had he been caught. He succeeded in naturalizing the insect and the prickly pear (\"Opuntia\") \"nopal\" cactus on which it depended in the French colony of Saint-Domingue.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Islam by country", "paragraph_text": "The country with the single largest population of Muslims is Indonesia in Southeast Asia, which on its own hosts 13% of the world's Muslims. Together, the Muslims in the countries of the Malay Archipelago (which includes Brunei, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines and East Timor) constitute the world's second or third largest population of Muslims. Here Muslims are majorities in each country other than Singapore, the Philippines, and East Timor.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "René-Eustache, marquis d'Osmond", "paragraph_text": "René-Eustache, marquis d'Osmond (17 December 1751, Saint-Domingue – 22 February 1838, Paris) was a nobleman who served in the French Army and as a diplomat during the Bourbon Restoration.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Hungry Jack's", "paragraph_text": "Hungry Jack's Pty Ltd is the exclusive Australian master fast food franchise of Burger King Corporation. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Competitive Foods Australia, a privately held company owned by Jack Cowin. Hungry Jack's owns and operates or sub-licences all of the Burger King / Hungry Jack's restaurants in Australia. As the master franchise for the country, the company is responsible for licensing new operators, opening its own stores and performing standards oversight of franchised locations in that country. With over 390 locations across Australia, Hungry Jack's is the second largest franchise of Burger King in the world (second to Carrols Corporation).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Shanghai Library", "paragraph_text": "The Shanghai Library (), which also houses the Shanghai Institute of Scientific and Technological Information (), is the municipal library of Shanghai, China. It is the second largest library in China after the National Library in Beijing. At 24 stories and 348 feet (106 m) tall, it is the second tallest library in the world, as well as one of the largest. The building has a tower that looks like a giant lighthouse.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Harvard University", "paragraph_text": "The Harvard University Library System is centered in Widener Library in Harvard Yard and comprises nearly 80 individual libraries holding over 18 million volumes. According to the American Library Association, this makes it the largest academic library in the United States, and one of the largest in the world. Cabot Science Library, Lamont Library, and Widener Library are three of the most popular libraries for undergraduates to use, with easy access and central locations. There are rare books, manuscripts and other special collections throughout Harvard's libraries; Houghton Library, the Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America, and the Harvard University Archives consist principally of rare and unique materials. America's oldest collection of maps, gazetteers, and atlases both old and new is stored in Pusey Library and open to the public. The largest collection of East-Asian language material outside of East Asia is held in the Harvard-Yenching Library.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "CHSJ-FM", "paragraph_text": "CHSJ-FM is a Canadian radio station broadcasting at 94.1 FM in Saint John, New Brunswick. The station plays a country music format under the \"Country 94\" branding. CHSJ-FM is owned by Acadia Broadcasting, which also owns sister station CHWV-FM.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Jeanne-Marie Marsan", "paragraph_text": "Jeanne-Marie Marsan, born Chapiseau (1746 – 25 February 1807), was a French dramatic actress and an opera singer, active in France and Germany in Europe, in the French West Indies and Louisiana. She was the leading actress and opera singer in Saint-Domingue (pre-revolutionary Haiti), and later in the first theatre in New Orleans in Louisiana.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court", "paragraph_text": "The Headquarters of the ECSC is in Castries, Saint Lucia, where it is located on the second floor of the Heraldine Rock Building, Block B, on the Waterfront. The building houses the Justices of Appeal's chambers, the Court of Appeal Registry, the Judicial Education Institute, Library, and the Administrative Services.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Samuel de Missy", "paragraph_text": "Samuel de Missy (Samuel, Pierre, Joseph, David, de Missy or Demissy, 30 October 1755 – 20 October 1820) was a French trader and businessman, from the city of La Rochelle, where he was born. He enriched himself by selling clothes to slaving expeditions setting off for islands such as Saint-Domingue, where La Rochelle \"armateurs\" owned plantations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Sainte-Anne-de-Sorel", "paragraph_text": "Sainte-Anne-de-Sorel is a municipality in the Pierre-De Saurel Regional County Municipality, in the Montérégie region of Quebec. The community consists of a mainland section along with several islands extending into Lac Saint-Pierre. The population as of the Canada 2011 Census was 2,742, which makes it the largest municipality and the second largest urban division of the RCM.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 160535, "question": "Which country owns Saint-Domingue?", "answer": "France", "paragraph_support_idx": 0 }, { "id": 26878, "question": "What is the second largest library in #1 ?", "answer": "Bibliothèque nationale et universitaire", "paragraph_support_idx": 2 } ]

[ "libraries", "Library", "library" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Baby Don't Go – Sonny & Cher and Friends", "paragraph_text": "The title track \"Baby Don't Go\" was first released in 1964 and was a minor regional hit. Then following the duo's big success with \"I Got You Babe\" in the summer of 1965, \"Baby Don't Go\" was re-released by Reprise later that year and became another huge hit for Sonny & Cher, reaching the top ten in the U.S. and doing well in the UK and elsewhere, going as far as reaching number one in Canada.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Bring 'Em Back Alive (film)", "paragraph_text": "Bring 'Em Back Alive is a 1932 American Pre-Code jungle adventure documentary filmed in Malaya starring Frank Buck. The film was promoted with an NBC radio series of the same title.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "2008 Sichuan earthquake", "paragraph_text": "News reports indicate that the poorer, rural villages were hardest hit. Swaminathan Krishnan, assistant professor of civil engineering and geophysics at the California Institute of Technology said: \"the earthquake occurred in the rural part of China. Presumably, many of the buildings were just built; they were not designed, so to speak.\" Swaminathan Krishnan further added: \"There are very strong building codes in China, which take care of earthquake issues and seismic design issues. But many of these buildings presumably were quite old and probably were not built with any regulations overseeing them.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Six of a Kind", "paragraph_text": "Six of a Kind is an American 1934 Pre-Code comedy film directed by Leo McCarey. It is a whimsical and often absurd road movie about two couples who decide to share their expenses on a trip to Hollywood. It includes the famous pool playing scene in which Fields explains how he got the name “Honest John.”", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Spectre (2015 film)", "paragraph_text": "On 13 March 2015, several members of the cast and crew, including Craig, Whishaw, Wilson and Mendes, as well as previous James Bond actor, Sir Roger Moore, appeared in a sketch written by David Walliams and the Dawson Brothers for Comic Relief's Red Nose Day on BBC One. In the sketch, they film a behind-the-scenes mockumentary on the filming of Spectre. The first teaser trailer for Spectre was released worldwide in March 2015, followed by the theatrical trailer in July and the final trailer in October.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "She's All I Got", "paragraph_text": "``She's All I Got ''is a song written by Gary U.S. Bonds and Jerry Williams, Jr. in which the male narrator pleads to someone else not to take away his lover. It has been recorded by several artists. The first version, released in 1971 by Freddie North, was a Top 40 U.S. pop hit, and a version by Johnny Paycheck was a number 2 U.S. country hit that same year. A second country music version was released on Conway Twitty's 1972 Decca LP I Ca n't See Me Without You. There was also a version titled`` He's All I Got'' that was on Tanya Tucker's 1972 album Delta Dawn. Yet another cover titled ``Do n't Take Her She's All I've Got ''was released by Tracy Byrd, whose version reached number 4 on the U.S. and Canadian country singles charts.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Drug Scenes", "paragraph_text": "Drug Scenes (original French title Scénarios sur la drogue, also titled Drugs!) is an omnibus film (2000) of 24 French short films depicting drug abuse. Varying in length from three to seven minutes, they showed in movie theaters before feature films.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Threat Level Midnight", "paragraph_text": "Due to the nature of Michael's film, Novak realized that scenes would have to be filmed as if they had been shot years prior to the episode. In order to successfully pull this off, editor David Rogers and script supervisor Veda Semame were tasked with ``mapping out ''every scene to make sure the continuity of the series was preserved. Novak later elaborated on the continuity during an interview with The Office fansite OfficeTally. The scene featuring`` The Scarn'' would have been filmed after the corporate merger that occurred during the third season; this would explain Karen's willingness to deliver her lines, as she would be ``eager to fit in ''. Stanley's voiceover was recorded`` on a lunch break'' sometime after the fourth season episode ``Local Ad ''because he had`` got a big kick out of seeing himself'' in Michael's commercial. Helene's scenes were filmed sometime when Michael was dating her during the early part of the sixth season.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Spectre (2015 film)", "paragraph_text": "Prior to its UK release, Spectre mostly received positive reviews. Mark Kermode, writing in The Guardian, gave the film four out of five stars, observing that the film did not live up to the standard set by Skyfall, but was able to tap into audience expectations. Writing in the same publication, Peter Bradshaw gave the film a full five stars, calling it \"inventive, intelligent and complex\", and singling out Craig's performance as the film's highlight. In another five star review, The Daily Telegraph's Robbie Collin described Spectre as \"a swaggering show of confidence'\", lauding it as \"a feat of pure cinematic necromancy.\" In an otherwise positive, but overall less enthusiastic review, IGN's Chris Tilly considered Spectre \"solid if unspectacular\", and gave the film a 7.2 score (out of a possible 10), saying that \"the film falls frustratingly short of greatness.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Spectre (2015 film)", "paragraph_text": "In November 2013 MGM and the McClory estate formally settled the issue with Danjaq, LLC—sister company of Eon Productions—with MGM acquiring the full copyright film rights to the concept of Spectre and all of the characters associated with it. With the acquisition of the film rights and the organisation's re-introduction to the series' continuity, the SPECTRE acronym was discarded and the organisation reimagined as \"Spectre\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "SPECTRE", "paragraph_text": "SPECTRE (SPecial Executive for Counterintelligence, Terrorism, Revenge and Extortion) is a fictional organisation featured in the James Bond novels by Ian Fleming, the films based on those novels, and James Bond video games. Led by evil genius and supervillain Ernst Stavro Blofeld, the international organization first formally appeared in the novel \"Thunderball\" (1961) and in the film \"Dr. No\" (1962). SPECTRE is not aligned to any nation or political ideology, enabling the later Bond books and Bond films to be regarded as somewhat apolitical, though the presence of former Gestapo members in the organisation are a clear sign of Fleming's warning of the Nazi fascists surviving after the Second World War first detailed in the novel \"Moonraker\" (1954). SPECTRE began in the novels as a small group of criminals but became a vast international organisation with its own SPECTRE Island training base in the films, to replace the Soviet SMERSH.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "The Doorway to Hell", "paragraph_text": "The Doorway to Hell is a 1930 American pre-Code crime film directed by Archie Mayo and starring Lew Ayres and James Cagney, in his second film role. The film was based on the story \"A Handful of Clouds\", written by Rowland Brown. The film's title was typical of the sensationalistic titles of many Pre-Code films. It was marketed with the tagline, \"The picture Gangland defied Hollywood to make!\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "2008 Sichuan earthquake", "paragraph_text": "(The Ms 6.1 earthquake on August 30, 2008 in southern Sichuan was not part of this series because it was caused by a different fault. See 2008 Panzhihua earthquake for details.)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "2003 Boumerdès earthquake", "paragraph_text": "The 2003 Boumerdès earthquake occurred on May 21 at in northern Algeria. The shock had a moment magnitude of 6.8 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (\"Extreme\"). The epicentre of the earthquake was located near the town of Thénia in Boumerdès Province, approximately 60 km east of the capital Algiers. The quake was the strongest to hit Algeria in more than twenty years – since 1980, when a magnitude 7.1 earthquake resulted in at least 2,633 deaths.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "The Beast of Borneo", "paragraph_text": "The Beast of Borneo is a 1934 American Pre-Code film directed by Harry Garson. The film is made up mostly of leftover footage from Universal Studios's \"East of Borneo\", made in 1931. A couple of added dialogue scenes were spliced into what was essentially a travelogue and a series of close-ups of an enraged orangutan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Strasbourg European Fantastic Film Festival", "paragraph_text": "The Strasbourg European Fantastic Film Festival (SEFFF) (French: Festival Européen du Film Fantastique de Strasbourg (FEFFS)), is an annual film festival held in Strasbourg, France, that focus on fantasy, science fiction and horror films. The festival takes place annually in September since 2008, it derives from the Spectre Film Festival that was created in 2005 by the organization \"Les Films du Spectre\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Star Wars: From the Adventures of Luke Skywalker", "paragraph_text": "The book was written by Foster and based upon Lucas's original screenplay for the first Star Wars film. On how he got the job, Foster said, ``My agent got a call from Lucas's lawyer of the time, Tom Pollock (now one of the most powerful men in Hollywood). Someone had read a book of mine, Icerigger, knew that I had already done novelizations, and thought I might be the writer to do the novelization of Lucas' new film. I already knew his work through THX 1138 and American Graffiti. I accepted the offer to meet with George, and did so at Industrial Light and Magic, then in a small warehouse in Van Nuys, California (part of greater Los Angeles, and conveniently near my family home). We hit it off well, I got the assignment (for two books), and that's how it happened. ''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Laughter in Hell", "paragraph_text": "Laughter in Hell is a 1933 American Pre-Code drama film directed by Edward L. Cahn and starring Pat O'Brien. The film's title was typical of the sensationalistic titles of many Pre-Code films. The film was inspired in part by \"I Am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang\" and was part of a series of films depicting men in chain gangs following the success of that film. O'Brien plays a railroad engineer who kills his wife and her lover in a jealous rage and is sent to prison. The movie received a mixed review in \"The New York Times\" upon its release. Although long considered lost, the film was recently preserved and was screened at the American Cinematheque in Hollywood, CA in October 2012.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Chhoti Si Baat", "paragraph_text": "Chhoti Si Baat is a 1976 Hindi romantic comedy film directed by Basu Chatterjee. The film's title means \"A Small Matter\" in Hindi. Considered one of the best Hindi comedy films of the 1970s, it is a nostalgic favourite for its quirky take on pre-hypercongestion Bombay. The film became a box office hit and also earned Filmfare nominations and a Filmfare Award for Best Screenplay for Basu Chatterjee. The movie is loosely based on the 1960 British movie \"School for Scoundrels\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Big Fish", "paragraph_text": "Burton planned to start filming in October 2002, but principal photography in Alabama did not begin until January 13, 2003. Apart from filming in Paris for one week in May, \"Big Fish\" was entirely shot in Alabama, mostly in Wetumpka and Montgomery (such as the Cloverdale neighborhood). Brief filming also took place in Tallassee and on the campus of Huntingdon College. Scenes for the town of Spectre were filmed on a custom set located on an island in Lake Jackson between Montgomery and Millbrook, Alabama, adjacent to the Alabama River. Principal photography for \"Big Fish\" in Alabama continued until the first week of April. and is estimated to have generated as much as $25 million for the local economy.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 1265, "question": "Where was the pre-title scene in Spectre filmed?", "answer": "Mexico", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 70787, "question": "what part of #1 got the earthquake hit", "answer": "Central Mexico", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Pneumonia", "paragraph_text": "The global economic cost of community-acquired pneumonia has been estimated at $17 billion annually. Other estimates are considerably higher. In 2012 the estimated aggregate costs of treating pneumonia in the United States were $20 billion; the median cost of a single pneumonia-related hospitalization is over $15,000. According to data released by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, average 2012 hospital charges for inpatient treatment of uncomplicated pneumonia in the U.S. were $24,549 and ranged as high as $124,000. The average cost of an emergency room consult for pneumonia was $943 and the average cost for medication was $66. Aggregate annual costs of treating pneumonia in Europe have been estimated at €10 billion.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Oregon State Hospital Historic District", "paragraph_text": "The Oregon State Hospital Historic District is a National Historic District in Salem, Oregon, United States. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on February 28, 2008, and encompasses many of the buildings of the present-day Oregon State Hospital. The district is roughly bounded by D Street, Park Avenue, 24th Street and Bates Drive and includes the main hospital building as well as the headquarters of the Oregon Department of Corrections, known as the Dome Building, across the street.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Bryan Health", "paragraph_text": "Bryan Health (formerly BryanLGH Health System) is a not-for-profit healthcare organization located in Lincoln, Nebraska, United States. The system operates an acute-care hospital, several outpatient clinics and a College of Health Sciences, as well as a physician network and a heart institute.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Southern California", "paragraph_text": "Many faults are able to produce a magnitude 6.7+ earthquake, such as the San Andreas Fault, which can produce a magnitude 8.0 event. Other faults include the San Jacinto Fault, the Puente Hills Fault, and the Elsinore Fault Zone. The USGS has released a California Earthquake forecast which models Earthquake occurrence in California.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "NCH Healthcare System", "paragraph_text": "The NCH Healthcare System is a not-for-profit, multi-facility healthcare system located in Naples, Florida, United States. The anchor of the system is the two hospitals (referred to as the NCH Healthcare System – Downtown Naples Hospital Campus, and the NCH Healthcare System – North Naples Hospital Campus) with a total of 681 beds. The system operates walk-in centers and outpatient rehabilitation facilities in Naples, North Naples, Marco Island, and Bonita Springs. Naples Diagnostic Imaging Center is an affiliate of the system. The system had 32,746 admissions, 89,189 Emergency department visits, 4,291 births, 477 open heart surgeries, 9,493 wellness members, 566 community physicians, and 3,200 employee colleagues.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Anna Hume", "paragraph_text": "Hume was the daughter of Jacobean poet and historian David Hume of Godscroft. She superintended the posthumous publication of her father's \"History of the House and Race of Douglas and Angus\", published \"The Triumphs of Love, Chastitie, Death: translated out of Petrarch by Mrs. Anna Hume\", and is also said to have translated many of her father's Latin poems.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Imperial College London", "paragraph_text": "Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust was formed on 1 October 2007 by the merger of Hammersmith Hospitals NHS Trust (Charing Cross Hospital, Hammersmith Hospital and Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital) and St Mary's NHS Trust (St. Mary's Hospital and Western Eye Hospital) with Imperial College London Faculty of Medicine. It is an academic health science centre and manages five hospitals: Charing Cross Hospital, Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital, Hammersmith Hospital, St Mary's Hospital, and Western Eye Hospital. The Trust is currently the largest in the UK and has an annual turnover of £800 million, treating more than a million patients a year.[citation needed]", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Rima Ariadaeus", "paragraph_text": "Some scientists think that the linear rilles might have formed after large impact events, while others believe that the rilles were formed as a surface manifestation of deep-seated dike systems when the Moon was still volcanically active. Rima Ariadaeus is thought to have been formed when a section of the Moon's crust sank down between two parallel fault lines (making it a graben or fault trough). Rima Ariadaeus shows no trace of associated volcanism and is thus considered to be an end member of the sequence where only pure faulting is involved i.e. a linear rille.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "The Orthopedic Specialty Hospital", "paragraph_text": "The Orthopedic Specialty Hospital (TOSH) was founded in 1991 and is a facility located in Murray, Utah, United States, at the former Intermountain Healthcare Cottonwood Hospital location. It includes 36 clinical patient rooms, ten surgery suites, a human performance research laboratory, a 25-meter lap pool, a full weight and exercise room, and a rehabilitation center.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "2008 Sichuan earthquake", "paragraph_text": "An article in Science suggested that the construction and filling of the Zipingpu Dam may have triggered the earthquake. The chief engineer of the Sichuan Geology and Mineral Bureau said that the sudden shift of a huge quantity of water into the region could have relaxed the tension between the two sides of the fault, allowing them to move apart, and could have increased the direct pressure on it, causing a violent rupture. The effect was \"25 times more\" than a year's worth of natural stress from tectonic movement. The government had disregarded warnings about so many large-scale dam projects in a seismically active area. Researchers have been denied access to seismological and geological data to examine the cause of the quake further.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Washington University in St. Louis", "paragraph_text": "The Washington University School of Medicine, founded in 1891, is highly regarded as one of the world's leading centers for medical research and training. The School ranks first in the nation in student selectivity. Among its many recent initiatives, The Genome Center at Washington University (directed by Richard K. Wilson) played a leading role in the Human Genome Project, having contributed 25% of the finished sequence. The School pioneered bedside teaching and led in the transformation of empirical knowledge into scientific medicine. The medical school partners with St. Louis Children's Hospital and Barnes-Jewish Hospital (part of BJC HealthCare), where all physicians are members of the school's faculty.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Edinburgh", "paragraph_text": "The Royal Hospital for Sick Children is a hospital in Edinburgh, Scotland, specialising in paediatric healthcare. Locally, it is commonly referred to simply as the \"Sick Kids\". The hospital provides care for children from birth to around 13 years of age, including a specialist Accident and Emergency facility. The hospital is located on Sciennes Road in the Sciennes area of Edinburgh's South Side. It is managed by NHS Lothian.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "OSF Saint Francis Medical Center", "paragraph_text": "OSF Saint Francis Medical Center, located in Peoria, Illinois, United States, is a teaching hospital for the University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria and part of the OSF Healthcare System. The Center, which is the largest hospital in the Peoria metropolitan area and in central Illinois, is designated by the state of Illinois as the Level I adult and pediatric regional trauma center for a 26-county region in mid-Illinois. OSF Saint Francis owns the Children's Hospital of Illinois (though the Hospital has its own President), the OSF Saint Francis Heart Hospital, the Illinois Neurological Institute, and the OSF Saint Francis Medical Center College of Nursing, which are all located either in or near the Medical Center. The hospital is a clinical training hospital for many medical students, interns, residents, and fellows of the Peoria campus of the University of Illinois College of Medicine.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Manipal Hospitals Klang", "paragraph_text": "Manipal Hospitals Klang (MHK) is a modern private medical facility located in Bandar Bukit Tinggi, Klang, Selangor, Malaysia. Manipal Hospitals Klang (MHK) is part of the Manipal Education and Medical Group (MEMG), a leading healthcare provider with over 2,000 doctors and 15 hospitals globally with 4,900 beds, serving over 2 million patients worldwide with a workforce of 16,500 people. Manipal Hospitals Klang (MHK) provides primary and selected tertiary care services and is associated with over 30 insurance companies in Malaysia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Dunbar Hospital", "paragraph_text": "The Dunbar Hospital was the first hospital for the black community in Detroit, Michigan. It is located at 580 Frederick Street, and is currently the administrative headquarters of the Detroit Medical Society. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "List of hospitals in Romania", "paragraph_text": "The list below is a database that contains hospitals in Romania. All public hospitals receive funding from the Ministry of Health. Romania has a universal healthcare system, hence all public hospitals are charge-free and available to each citizen of the European Union. There are 425 operational hospitals across the country. At the moment, there are 6.2 hospital beds available per 1000 citizens.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Bird", "paragraph_text": "Though human activities have allowed the expansion of a few species, such as the barn swallow and European starling, they have caused population decreases or extinction in many other species. Over a hundred bird species have gone extinct in historical times, although the most dramatic human-caused avian extinctions, eradicating an estimated 750–1800 species, occurred during the human colonisation of Melanesian, Polynesian, and Micronesian islands. Many bird populations are declining worldwide, with 1,227 species listed as threatened by BirdLife International and the IUCN in 2009.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Greece", "paragraph_text": "Greek citizens who are Roman Catholic are estimated to be at around 50,000 with the Roman Catholic immigrant community in the country approximately 200,000. Old Calendarists account for 500,000 followers. Protestants, including Greek Evangelical Church and Free Evangelical Churches, stand at about 30,000. Assemblies of God, International Church of the Foursquare Gospel and other Pentecostal churches of the Greek Synod of Apostolic Church have 12,000 members. Independent Free Apostolic Church of Pentecost is the biggest Protestant denomination in Greece with 120 churches. There are not official statistics about Free Apostolic Church of Pentecost, but the Orthodox Church estimates the followers as 20,000. The Jehovah's Witnesses report having 28,874 active members. In recent years there has been a small-scale revival of the ancient Greek religion, with estimates of 2,000 people active practitioners, and 100,000 \"sympathisers\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Pyramid Lake Fault Zone", "paragraph_text": "The Pyramid Lake Fault Zone is an active right lateral-moving (dextral) geologic fault located in western Nevada. It is considered an integral part of the Walker Lane.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Mersey Community Hospital", "paragraph_text": "The Mersey Hospital, at Latrobe near Devonport in Tasmania is a campus of the North West Regional Hospital, the main healthcare facility for the North Western region of Tasmania, Australia.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 12069, "question": "Where is the Triumph Healthcare hospital headquartered?", "answer": "Houston", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 12086, "question": "How many estimated active faults does #1 have?", "answer": "300", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "10th BRICS summit", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 BRICS summit is the tenth annual BRICS summit, an international relations conference attended by the heads of state or heads of government of the five member states Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. The summit was held in Johannesburg, South Africa, the second time the South Africa has hosted the summit after the 2013 summit. This years theme 'BRICS in Africa'.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "BRICS", "paragraph_text": "BRICS is the acronym for an association of five major emerging national economies: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. Originally the first four were grouped as ``BRIC ''(or`` the BRICs''), before the induction of South Africa in 2010. The BRICS members are all leading developing or newly industrialized countries, but they are distinguished by their large, sometimes fast - growing economies and significant influence on regional affairs; all five are G - 20 members. Since 2009, the BRICS nations have met annually at formal summits. China hosted the 9th BRICS summit in Xiamen on September 3rd, 4th and 5th, 2017. The term does not include countries such as South Korea, Mexico and Turkey for which other acronyms and group associations were later created.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Matee Ajavon", "paragraph_text": "Matee Ajavon (born May 7, 1986) is a Liberian American basketball player for the Atlanta Dream of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). A 5'8\" guard, Ajavon was chosen by the Houston Comets as the fifth overall draft pick in the 2008 WNBA Draft.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "United States declaration of war on Japan", "paragraph_text": "On December 8, 1941, the United States Congress declared war (Public Law 77 - 328, 55 STAT 795) on the Empire of Japan in response to that country's surprise attack on Pearl Harbor the prior day. It was formulated an hour after the Infamy Speech of US President Franklin D. Roosevelt. Japan had sent a message to the United States to its embassy in Washington earlier, but because of problems at the embassy in decoding the very long message -- the high - security level assigned to the declaration meant that only personnel with very high clearances could decode it, which slowed down the process -- it was not delivered to the U.S. Secretary of State until after the Pearl Harbor attack. Following the U.S. declaration, Japan's allies, Germany and Italy, declared war on the United States, bringing the United States fully into World War II.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Pacific War", "paragraph_text": "Before the attack on Pearl Harbor, the 800,000-member America First Committee vehemently opposed any American intervention in the European conflict, even as America sold military aid to Britain and the Soviet Union through the Lend-Lease program. Opposition to war in the U.S. vanished after the attack. On 8 December, the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and the Netherlands declared war on Japan, followed by China and Australia the next day. Four days after Pearl Harbor, Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy declared war on the United States, drawing the country into a two-theater war. This is widely agreed to be a grand strategic blunder, as it abrogated the benefit Germany gained by Japan's distraction of the U.S. (predicted months before in a memo by Commander Arthur McCollum)[nb 12] and the reduction in aid to Britain, which both Congress and Hitler had managed to avoid during over a year of mutual provocation, which would otherwise have resulted.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Powers of the United States Congress", "paragraph_text": "The Constitution also gives Congress an important role in national defense, including the exclusive power to declare war, to raise and maintain the armed forces, and to make rules for the military. Some critics charge that the executive branch has usurped Congress's Constitutionally - defined task of declaring war. While historically presidents initiated the process for going to war, they asked for and received formal war declarations from Congress for the War of 1812, the Mexican -- American War, the Spanish -- American War, World War I, and World War II, although President Theodore Roosevelt's military move into Panama in 1903 did not get Congressional assent. Presidents have initiated war without Congressional war declarations; Truman called the Korean War a ``police action ''and the Vietnam War lasted over a decade without a declaration of war. In 1970, Time magazine noted:`` All told, it has been calculated, U.S. presidents have ordered troops into position or action without a formal congressional declaration a total of 149 times'' before 1970. In 1993, one writer noted ``Congress's war power has become the most flagrantly disregarded provision in the Constitution, ''and that the`` real erosion (of Congressional authority to declare war) began after World War II.'' President George H.W. Bush claimed he could begin Operation Desert Storm and launch a ``deliberate, unhurried, post -- Cold War decision to start a war ''without Congressional approval. Critics charge that President George W. Bush largely initiated the Iraq War with little debate in Congress or consultation with Congress, despite a Congressional vote on military force authorization. Disagreement about the extent of congressional versus presidential power regarding war has been present periodically throughout the nation's history.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Military history of the United States during World War II", "paragraph_text": "On 11 December 1941, Adolf Hitler and Nazi Germany declared war against the United States, the same day that the United States declared war on Germany and Italy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "British Empire", "paragraph_text": "The British declaration of war on Germany and its allies also committed the colonies and Dominions, which provided invaluable military, financial and material support. Over 2.5 million men served in the armies of the Dominions, as well as many thousands of volunteers from the Crown colonies. The contributions of Australian and New Zealand troops during the 1915 Gallipoli Campaign against the Ottoman Empire had a great impact on the national consciousness at home, and marked a watershed in the transition of Australia and New Zealand from colonies to nations in their own right. The countries continue to commemorate this occasion on Anzac Day. Canadians viewed the Battle of Vimy Ridge in a similar light. The important contribution of the Dominions to the war effort was recognised in 1917 by the British Prime Minister David Lloyd George when he invited each of the Dominion Prime Ministers to join an Imperial War Cabinet to co-ordinate imperial policy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "BRICS", "paragraph_text": "In 2010, South Africa began efforts to join the BRIC grouping, and the process for its formal admission began in August of that year. South Africa officially became a member nation on 24 December 2010, after being formally invited by China to join and subsequently accepted by other BRIC countries. The group was renamed BRICS – with the \"S\" standing for South Africa – to reflect the group's expanded membership. In April 2011, the President of South Africa, Jacob Zuma, attended the 2011 BRICS summit in Sanya, China, as a full member.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "American entry into World War I", "paragraph_text": "In 1917, with Russia experiencing political upheaval following widespread disillusionment there over the war, and with Britain and France low on credit, Germany appeared to have the upper hand in Europe, while Germany's ally, the Ottoman Empire, clung stubbornly to its possessions in the Middle East. In the same year, Germany decided to resume unrestricted submarine warfare against any vessel approaching British waters; this attempt to starve Britain into surrender was balanced against the knowledge that it would almost certainly bring the United States into the war. Germany also made a secret offer to help Mexico regain territories lost in the Mexican -- American War in an encoded telegram known as the Zimmermann Telegram, which was intercepted by British Intelligence. Publication of that communique outraged Americans just as German U-boats started sinking American merchant ships in the North Atlantic. Wilson then asked Congress for ``a war to end all wars ''that would`` make the world safe for democracy'', and Congress voted to declare war on Germany on April 6, 1917.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Max Weinhold", "paragraph_text": "Max Weinhold (born April 30, 1982 in Munich) is a field hockey player from Germany who plays in goal. He was a member of the Men's National Team that won the gold medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics. He was also chosen to represent his country in the London 2012 Summer Olympic Games where Germany again won gold.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Panna National Park", "paragraph_text": "It has an area of 542.67 km2 (209.53 sq mi). It was declared in 1994 as the twenty second Tiger reserve of India and the fifth in Madhya Pradesh,", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "7th BRICS summit", "paragraph_text": "7th BRICS Summit VII саммит БРИКС Host country Russia Date 8 -- 9 July 2015 Cities Ufa, Bashkortostan Participants BRICS Follows 6th BRICS summit Precedes 8th BRICS summit Website en.brics2015.ru", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "United States declaration of war on Japan", "paragraph_text": "On December 8, 1941, the United States Congress declared war (Public Law 77 - 328, 55 STAT 795) on the Empire of Japan in response to that country's surprise attack on Pearl Harbor the prior day. It was formulated an hour after the Infamy Speech of US President Franklin D. Roosevelt. Japan had sent a message for the United States to its embassy in Washington earlier, but because of problems at the embassy in decoding the very long message -- the high security level assigned to the declaration meant that only personnel with very high clearances could decode it, which slowed down the process -- it was not delivered to the U.S. Secretary of State until after the Pearl Harbor attack. Following the U.S. declaration, Japan's allies, Germany and Italy, declared war on the United States, bringing the United States fully into World War II.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "East Prussia", "paragraph_text": "The Kingdom of Prussia became the leading state of the German Empire after its creation in 1871. However, the Treaty of Versailles following World War I granted West Prussia to Poland and made East Prussia an exclave of Weimar Germany (the new Polish Corridor separating East Prussia from the rest of Germany), while the Memel Territory was detached and was annexed by Lithuania in 1923. Following Nazi Germany's defeat in World War II in 1945, war-torn East Prussia was divided at Joseph Stalin's insistence between the Soviet Union (the Kaliningrad Oblast in the Russian SFSR and the constituent counties of the Klaipėda Region in the Lithuanian SSR) and the People's Republic of Poland (the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship). The capital city Königsberg was renamed Kaliningrad in 1946. The German population of the province was largely evacuated during the war or expelled shortly thereafter in the expulsion of Germans after World War II. An estimated 300,000 (around one fifth of the population) died either in war time bombings raids or in the battles to defend the province.[citation needed]", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "United States declaration of war upon Germany (1941)", "paragraph_text": "December 11, 1941, the United States Congress declared war upon Germany (Pub. L. 77 -- 331, Sess. 1, ch. 564, 55 Stat. 796), hours after Germany declared war on the United States after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. The vote was 88 -- 0 in the Senate and 393 -- 0 in the House.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Declaration of war by the United States", "paragraph_text": "For the United States, Article One, Section Eight of the Constitution says ``Congress shall have power to... declare War. ''However, that passage provides no specific format for what form legislation must have in order to be considered a`` declaration of war'' nor does the Constitution itself use this term. In the courts, the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, in Doe v. Bush, said: ``(T) he text of the October Resolution itself spells out justifications for a war and frames itself as an 'authorization' of such a war. ''in effect saying an authorization suffices for declaration and what some may view as a formal Congressional`` Declaration of War'' was not required by the Constitution.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "German declaration of war against the United States", "paragraph_text": "On 11 December 1941, four days after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and the United States declaration of war against the Japanese Empire, Nazi Germany declared war against the United States, in response to what was claimed to be a series of provocations by the United States government when the US was still officially neutral during World War II. The decision to declare war was made by Adolf Hitler, apparently offhand, almost without consultation. Later that day, the United States declared war on Germany.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "9th BRICS summit", "paragraph_text": "The 2017 BRICS summit was the ninth annual BRICS summit, an international relations conference attended by the heads of state or heads of government of the five member states Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. The summit was held in Xiamen, China, the second time the China has hosted the summit after the 2011 summit.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Sultan bin Saif II", "paragraph_text": "Sultan bin Saif II was the fifth of the Yaruba dynasty of Imams of Oman, a member of the Ibadi sect. He ruled from 1711 to 1718. After his death, leaving a young son as his successor, the country degenerated into civil war.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 58747, "question": "who has been chosen as the fifth country of brics", "answer": "South Africa", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 }, { "id": 69095, "question": "when did #1 declare war on germany", "answer": "September 1939", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Battle of the Atlantic", "paragraph_text": "As an island nation, the United Kingdom was highly dependent on imported goods. Britain required more than a million tons of imported material per week in order to be able to survive and fight. In essence, the Battle of the Atlantic was a tonnage war: the Allied struggle to supply Britain and the Axis attempt to stem the flow of merchant shipping that enabled Britain to keep fighting. From 1942 onwards, the Axis also sought to prevent the build - up of Allied supplies and equipment in the British Isles in preparation for the invasion of occupied Europe. The defeat of the U-boat threat was a pre-requisite for pushing back the Axis. The outcome of the battle was a strategic victory for the Allies -- the German blockade failed -- but at great cost: 3,500 merchant ships and 175 warships were sunk in the Atlantic for the loss of 783 U-boats (the majority being Type VII submarines) and 47 German surface warships, including 4 battleships (Scharnhorst, Bismarck, Gneisenau, and Tirpitz), 9 cruisers, 7 raiders, and 27 destroyers. Of the U-boats, 519 were sunk by British, Canadian, or other allied forces, while 175 were destroyed by American forces; 15 were destroyed by Soviets and 73 were scuttled by their crews before the end of the war for various causes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Portugal–Spain relations", "paragraph_text": "Portugal -- Spain relations describes relations between the governments of the Portuguese Republic and the Kingdom of Spain. The two states make up the vast majority of the Iberian Peninsula and as such, the relationship between the two is sometimes known as Iberian relations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Southern Europe", "paragraph_text": "Some definitions of southern Europe, also known as Mediterranean Europe, include the countries of the Iberian peninsula (Spain and Portugal), the Italian peninsula, southern France and Greece. Other definitions sometimes include the Balkan countries of southeast Europe, which are geographically in the southern part of Europe, but which have different historical, political, economic, and cultural backgrounds.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Portugal", "paragraph_text": "The Portuguese language is derived from the Latin spoken by the romanized Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula around 2000 years ago—particularly the Celts, Tartessians, Lusitanians and Iberians. In the 15th and 16th centuries, the language spread worldwide as Portugal established a colonial and commercial empire between 1415 and 1999. Portuguese is now spoken as a native language in five different continents, with Brazil accounting for the largest number of native Portuguese speakers of any country (200 million speakers in 2012).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "History of India", "paragraph_text": "There were several other kingdoms which ruled over parts of India in the later medieval period prior to the British occupation. However, most of them were bound to pay regular tribute to the Marathas. The rule of Wodeyar dynasty which established the Kingdom of Mysore in southern India in around 1400 CE by was interrupted by Hyder Ali and his son Tipu Sultan in the later half of the 18th century. Under their rule, Mysore fought a series of wars sometimes against the combined forces of the British and Marathas, but mostly against the British, with Mysore receiving some aid or promise of aid from the French.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Battle of Bataan", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Bataan (7 January -- 9 April 1942) represented the most intense phase of Imperial Japan's invasion of the Philippines during World War II. In January 1942, forces of the Imperial Japanese Army and Navy invaded Luzon along with several islands in the Philippine Archipelago after the bombing of the American naval base at Pearl Harbor. The commander - in - chief of all Filipino and American forces in the islands, General Douglas MacArthur, consolidated all of his Luzon - based units on the Bataan Peninsula to fight against the Japanese invaders. By this time, the Japanese controlled nearly all of Southeast Asia. The Bataan peninsula and the island of Corregidor were the only remaining Allied strongholds in the region. Despite a lack of supplies, Filipino and American forces managed to fight the Japanese for three months, engaging them initially in a fighting retreat southward. As the combined Filipino and American forces made a last stand, the delay cost the Japanese valuable time and prevented immediate victory across the Pacific. The surrender at Bataan, with 76,000 soldiers surrendering in the Philippines altogether, was the largest in American and Filipino military histories, and was the largest United States surrender since the American Civil War's Battle of Harper's Ferry. Soon afterwards, Filipino and American prisoners of war were forced into the Bataan Death March.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Korea under Japanese rule", "paragraph_text": "Following the dropping of atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and the impending overrun of the Korean peninsula by Russian forces, Japan surrendered to the Allied forces on 15 August 1945, ending 35 years of Japanese occupation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Battle of Seminara", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Seminara, part of the First Italian War, was fought in Calabria on 28 June 1495 between a French garrison in recently conquered Southern Italy and the allied forces of Spain and Naples which were attempting to reconquer these territories. Against the redoubtable combination of gendarmes and Swiss mercenary pikemen in the French force, the allies had only Neapolitan troops of indifferent quality and a small corps of lightly-armed Spanish soldiers, accustomed to fighting the Moors of Spain. The result was a rout, and much of the fighting centered on delaying actions to permit the fleeing allied force to escape. However, although the battle was a decisive French victory from a tactical perspective, it did not prevent the allies from driving the French from southern Italy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Military history of the United States", "paragraph_text": "Fighting on one side was a coalition of forces including the Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam or the \"RVN\"), the United States, supplemented by South Korea, Thailand, Australia, New Zealand, and the Philippines. The allies fought against the North Vietnamese Army (NVA) as well as the National Liberation Front (NLF, also known as Viet communists Viet Cong), or \"VC\", a guerrilla force within South Vietnam. The NVA received substantial military and economic aid from the Soviet Union and China, turning Vietnam into a proxy war.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Surrender of Japan", "paragraph_text": "The surrender of Imperial Japan was announced on August 15 and formally signed on September 2, 1945, bringing the hostilities of World War II to a close. By the end of July 1945, the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) was incapable of conducting major operations and an Allied invasion of Japan was imminent. Together with the British Empire and China, the United States called for the unconditional surrender of the Japanese armed forces in the Potsdam Declaration on July 26, 1945 -- the alternative being ``prompt and utter destruction ''. While publicly stating their intent to fight on to the bitter end, Japan's leaders (the Supreme Council for the Direction of the War, also known as the`` Big Six'') were privately making entreaties to the still - neutral Soviet Union to mediate peace on terms more favorable to the Japanese. Meanwhile, the Soviets were preparing to attack Japanese forces in Manchuria and Korea (in addition to South Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands) in fulfillment of promises they had secretly made to the United States and the United Kingdom at the Tehran and Yalta Conferences.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Napoleon", "paragraph_text": "Napoleon would end up leaving Iberia in order to deal with the Austrians in Central Europe, but the Peninsular War continued on long after his absence. He never returned to Spain after the 1808 campaign. Several months after Corunna, the British sent another army to the peninsula under the future Duke of Wellington. The war then settled into a complex and asymmetric strategic deadlock where all sides struggled to gain the upper hand. The highlight of the conflict became the brutal guerrilla warfare that engulfed much of the Spanish countryside. Both sides committed the worst atrocities of the Napoleonic Wars during this phase of the conflict. The vicious guerrilla fighting in Spain, largely absent from the French campaigns in Central Europe, severely disrupted the French lines of supply and communication. Although France maintained roughly 300,000 troops in Iberia during the Peninsular War, the vast majority were tied down to garrison duty and to intelligence operations. The French were never able to concentrate all of their forces effectively, prolonging the war until events elsewhere in Europe finally turned the tide in favor of the Allies. After the invasion of Russia in 1812, the number of French troops in Spain vastly declined as Napoleon needed reinforcements to conserve his strategic position in Europe. By 1814, after scores of battles and sieges throughout Iberia, the Allies had managed to push the French out of the peninsula.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Crimean War", "paragraph_text": "Frustrated by the wasted effort, and with demands for action from their citizens, the allied force decided to attack the center of Russian strength in the Black Sea at Sevastopol on the Crimean peninsula. After extended preparations, the forces landed on the peninsula in September 1854 and fought their way to a point south of Sevastopol after a series of successful battles. The Russians counterattacked on 25 October in what became the Battle of Balaclava and were repulsed, but at the cost of seriously depleting the British Army forces. A second counterattack, ordered personally by Nicholas, was defeated by Omar Pasha. The front settled into a siege and led to horrible conditions for troops on both sides. Smaller actions were carried out in the Baltic, the Caucasus, the White Sea and in the North Pacific.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Dwight D. Eisenhower", "paragraph_text": "After the capitulation of Axis forces in North Africa, Eisenhower oversaw the highly successful invasion of Sicily. Once Mussolini, the Italian leader, had fallen in Italy, the Allies switched their attention to the mainland with Operation Avalanche. But while Eisenhower argued with President Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Churchill, who both insisted on unconditional terms of surrender in exchange for helping the Italians, the Germans pursued an aggressive buildup of forces in the country – making the job more difficult, by adding 19 divisions and initially outnumbering the Allied forces 2 to 1; nevertheless, the invasion of Italy was highly successful.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Galicia (Spain)", "paragraph_text": "In the early 5th century, the deep crisis suffered by the Roman Empire allowed different tribes of Central Europe (Suebi, Vandals and Alani) to cross the Rhine and penetrate into the rule on 31 December 406. Its progress towards the Iberian Peninsula forced the Roman authorities to establish a treaty (foedus) by which the Suebi would settle peacefully and govern Galicia as imperial allies. So, from 409 Galicia was taken by the Suebi, forming the first medieval kingdom to be created in Europe, in 411, even before the fall of the Roman Empire, being also the first Germanic kingdom to mint coinage in Roman lands. During this period a Briton colony and bishopric (see Mailoc) was established in Northern Galicia (Britonia), probably as foederati and allies of the Suebi. In 585, the Visigothic King Leovigild invaded the Suebic kingdom of Galicia and defeated it, bringing it under Visigoth control.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "American Revolutionary War", "paragraph_text": "Burgoyne's defeat had drastic consequences; France formally allied with the Americans and entered the war in 1778, and Spain joined the war the following year as an ally of France but not as an ally of the United States. In 1780, the Kingdom of Mysore attacked the British in India, and tensions between Great Britain and the Netherlands erupted into open war. In North America, the British mounted a ``Southern strategy ''led by Charles Cornwallis which hinged upon a Loyalist uprising, but too few came forward. Cornwallis suffered reversals at King's Mountain and Cowpens. He retreated to Yorktown, Virginia, intending an evacuation, but a decisive French naval victory deprived him of an escape. A Franco - American army led by the Comte de Rochambeau and Washington then besieged Cornwallis' army and, with no sign of relief, he surrendered in October 1781.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Battle of Wilhelmsthal", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Wilhelmsthal (sometimes written as the Battle of Wilhelmstadt) was fought on 24 June 1762 during the Seven Years' War between on one side the allied forces of British, Prussian, Hanover, Brunswick and Hessian troops under the command of the Duke of Brunswick against the French. Once again, the French threatened Hanover, so the Allies manoeuvered around the French, surrounded the invasion force, and forced them to retreat. It was the last major action fought by Brunswick's force before the Peace of Paris brought an end to the war.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Battle of Villers-Bocage", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Villers-Bocage took place during the Second World War on 13 June 1944, one week after the Normandy Landings by the Western Allies that began the conquest of German-occupied France. The battle was the result of a British attempt to improve their position by exploiting a gap in the German defences west of the city of Caen. After one day of fighting in and around the small town of Villers-Bocage and a second day defending a position outside the town, the British force retired.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Josip Broz Tito", "paragraph_text": "After the Partisans managed to endure and avoid these intense Axis attacks between January and June 1943, and the extent of Chetnik collaboration became evident, Allied leaders switched their support from Draža Mihailović to Tito. King Peter II, American President Franklin Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill joined Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin in officially recognising Tito and the Partisans at the Tehran Conference. This resulted in Allied aid being parachuted behind Axis lines to assist the Partisans. On 17 June 1944 on the Dalmatian island of Vis, the Treaty of Vis (Viški sporazum) was signed in an attempt to merge Tito's government (the AVNOJ) with the government in exile of King Peter II. The Balkan Air Force was formed in June 1944 to control operations that were mainly aimed at aiding his forces.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Fourth Anglo-Mysore War", "paragraph_text": "This was the final conflict of the four Anglo -- Mysore Wars. The British captured the capital of Mysore. The ruler Tipu Sultan was killed in the battle. Britain took indirect control of Mysore, restoring the Wodeyar Dynasty to the Mysore throne (with a British commissioner to advise him on all issues). Tipu Sultan's young heir, Fateh Ali, was sent into exile. The Kingdom of Mysore became a princely state in a subsidiary alliance with British India and ceded Coimbatore, Dakshina Kannada and Uttara Kannada to the British.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Northern Seven Years' War", "paragraph_text": "Britain had been surprised by the sudden Prussian offensive but now began shipping supplies and ₤670,000 (equivalent to ₤89.9 million in 2015) to its new ally. A combined force of allied German states was organised by the British to protect Hanover from French invasion, under the command of the Duke of Cumberland. The British attempted to persuade the Dutch Republic to join the alliance, but the request was rejected, as the Dutch wished to remain fully neutral. Despite the huge disparity in numbers, the year had been successful for the Prussian-led forces on the continent, in contrast to disappointing British campaigns in North America.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 27237, "question": "What country promised aid to Mysore to fight the British?", "answer": "the French", "paragraph_support_idx": 4 }, { "id": 19483, "question": "By what year did the Allies force the #1 out of the Iberian peninsula?", "answer": "1814", "paragraph_support_idx": 10 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Dissolution of the Soviet Union", "paragraph_text": "On October 25–28, 1990, Rukh held its second congress and declared that its principal goal was the \"renewal of independent statehood for Ukraine\". On October 28 UAOC faithful, supported by Ukrainian Catholics, demonstrated near St. Sophia’s Cathedral as newly elected Russian Orthodox Church Patriarch Aleksei and Metropolitan Filaret celebrated liturgy at the shrine. On November 1, the leaders of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church and of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church, respectively, Metropolitan Volodymyr Sterniuk and Patriarch Mstyslav, met in Lviv during anniversary commemorations of the 1918 proclamation of the Western Ukrainian National Republic.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Religion in Israel", "paragraph_text": "Religion in Israel is a central feature of the country and plays a major role in shaping Israeli culture and lifestyle. Religion has played a central role in Israel's history. Israel is also the only country in the world where a majority of citizens are Jewish. According to the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics, the population in 2011 was 75.4% Jewish, 20.6% Arab, and 4.1% minority groups. The religious affiliation of the Israeli population as of 2019 was 74.2% Jewish, 17.8% Muslim, 2.0% Christian, and 1.6% Druze, with the remaining 4.4% including faiths such as Samaritanism and Baha'iism, and irreligious people with no faith.Israel does not have a constitution. While the Basic Laws of Israel that serve in place of a constitution define the country as a \"Jewish state\", these Basic Laws, coupled with Knesset statutes, decisions of the Supreme Court of Israel, and various elements of the common law current in Israel, offer some protection for free practice of religion in the country. Pew Research Center has identified Israel as one of the countries that places \"high\" restrictions on religion, and there have been limits placed on non-Orthodox streams of Judaism. Legal accommodation of the non-Jewish communities follows the pattern and practice of the Ottoman and British administrations, with some important modifications. Israeli law officially recognizes five religions, all belonging to the Abrahamic family of religions: Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Druzeism, and the Bahá'í Faith. Furthermore, the law formally recognizes ten separate sects of Christianity: the Roman, Armenian, Maronite, Greek, Syriac, and Chaldean Catholic Churches; the Eastern Orthodox Greek Orthodox Church; the Oriental Orthodox Syriac Orthodox Church; the Armenian Apostolic Church; and Anglicanism.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Greeks", "paragraph_text": "During and after the Greek War of Independence, Greeks of the diaspora were important in establishing the fledgling state, raising funds and awareness abroad. Greek merchant families already had contacts in other countries and during the disturbances many set up home around the Mediterranean (notably Marseilles in France, Livorno in Italy, Alexandria in Egypt), Russia (Odessa and Saint Petersburg), and Britain (London and Liverpool) from where they traded, typically in textiles and grain. Businesses frequently comprised the extended family, and with them they brought schools teaching Greek and the Greek Orthodox Church.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Canon law", "paragraph_text": "The Greek-speaking Orthodox have collected canons and commentaries upon them in a work known as the Pēdálion (Greek: Πηδάλιον, \"Rudder\"), so named because it is meant to \"steer\" the Church. The Orthodox Christian tradition in general treats its canons more as guidelines than as laws, the bishops adjusting them to cultural and other local circumstances. Some Orthodox canon scholars point out that, had the Ecumenical Councils (which deliberated in Greek) meant for the canons to be used as laws, they would have called them nómoi/νόμοι (laws) rather than kanónes/κανόνες (rules), but almost all Orthodox conform to them. The dogmatic decisions of the Councils, though, are to be obeyed rather than to be treated as guidelines, since they are essential for the Church's unity.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Daniel (Nushiro)", "paragraph_text": "Metropolitan is a Japanese clergyman and monk of the Japanese Orthodox Church. He has been the primate of the Japanese Orthodox Church since 2000, by virtue of the office of the Archbishop of Tokyo. He is thus the spiritual leader of almost 30,000 Japanese Orthodox Christians.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Book of Enoch", "paragraph_text": "By the 4th century, the Book of Enoch was mostly excluded from Christian canons, and it is now regarded as scripture by only the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church and the Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Dissolution of the Soviet Union", "paragraph_text": "On April 6, 1990, the Lviv City Council voted to return St. George Cathedral to the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church. The Russian Orthodox Church refused to yield. On April 29–30, 1990, the Ukrainian Helsinki Union disbanded to form the Ukrainian Republican Party. On May 15 the new parliament convened. The bloc of conservative communists held 239 seats; the Democratic Bloc, which had evolved into the National Council, had 125 deputies. On June 4, 1990, two candidates remained in the protracted race for parliament chair. The leader of the Communist Party of Ukraine (CPU), Volodymyr Ivashko, was elected with 60 percent of the vote as more than 100 opposition deputies boycotted the election. On June 5–6, 1990, Metropolitan Mstyslav of the U.S.-based Ukrainian Orthodox Church was elected patriarch of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church (UAOC) during that Church's first synod. The UAOC declared its full independence from the Moscow Patriarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church, which in March had granted autonomy to the Ukrainian Orthodox church headed by Metropolitan Filaret.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Church of Greece", "paragraph_text": "The Church of Greece (, \"Ekklisía tis Elládos\" ), part of the wider Greek Orthodox Church, is one of the autocephalous churches which make up the communion of Orthodox Christianity. Its canonical territory is confined to the borders of Greece prior to the Balkan Wars of 1912–1913 (\"Old Greece\"), with the rest of Greece (the \"New Lands\", Crete, and the Dodecanese) being subject to the jurisdiction of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople. However, most of the dioceses of the Metropolises of the New Lands are \"de facto\" administered as part of the Church of Greece for practical reasons, under an agreement between the churches of Athens and Constantinople. The primate of the Church of Greece is the Archbishop of Athens and All Greece.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "East–West Schism", "paragraph_text": "In 476, when the last emperor of the western part of the Roman Empire was deposed and the western imperial insignia were sent to Constantinople, there was once again a single Roman Emperor. However, he had little power in the West, which was ruled almost entirely by various Germanic tribes. In the opinion of Randall R. Cloud, the permanent separation of the Greek East from the Latin West was ``the fundamental reason for the estrangement that soon followed between the Greek and the Latin Christians ''.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Medieval literature", "paragraph_text": "Since Latin was the language of the Roman Catholic Church, which dominated Western and Central Europe, and since the Church was virtually the only source of education, Latin was a common language for medieval writings, even in some parts of Europe that were never Romanized. However, in Eastern Europe, the influence of the Eastern Roman Empire and the Eastern Orthodox Church made Greek and Old Church Slavonic the dominant written languages.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Egypt", "paragraph_text": "Of the Christian minority in Egypt over 90% belong to the native Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria, an Oriental Orthodox Christian Church. Other native Egyptian Christians are adherents of the Coptic Catholic Church, the Evangelical Church of Egypt and various other Protestant denominations. Non-native Christian communities are largely found in the urban regions of Cairo and Alexandria, such as the Syro-Lebanese, who belong to Greek Catholic, Greek Orthodox, and Maronite Catholic denominations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Estonia", "paragraph_text": "Another major group, inhabitants who follow Eastern Orthodox Christianity, practised chiefly by the Russian minority, and the Russian Orthodox Church is the second largest denomination with 150,000 members. The Estonian Apostolic Orthodox Church, under the Greek-Orthodox Ecumenical Patriarchate, claims another 20,000 members. Thus, the number of adherents of Lutheranism and Orthodoxy, without regard to citizenship or ethnicity, is roughly equal. Refer to the Table below. The Catholics have their Latin Apostolic Administration of Estonia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Holy Transfiguration Church, Gjirokastër", "paragraph_text": "Holy Transfiguration Church () is an orthodox church in Gjirokastër, Albania. The church was built in 1784. It is a Cultural Monument of Albania since 1963.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Mosaic", "paragraph_text": "In Rome, Nero and his architects used mosaics to cover some surfaces of walls and ceilings in the Domus Aurea, built 64 AD, and wall mosaics are also found at Pompeii and neighbouring sites. However it seems that it was not until the Christian era that figural wall mosaics became a major form of artistic expression. The Roman church of Santa Costanza, which served as a mausoleum for one or more of the Imperial family, has both religious mosaic and decorative secular ceiling mosaics on a round vault, which probably represent the style of contemporary palace decoration.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Saint Joseph", "paragraph_text": "Joseph (Hebrew: יוֹסֵף ‎, translit. Yosef; Greek: Ἰωσήφ, translit. Ioséph) is a figure in the Gospels who was married to Mary, Jesus' mother, and, in the Christian tradition, was Jesus's legal father. Joseph is venerated as Saint Joseph in the Catholic Church, Orthodox Church, Oriental Orthodox Church, Anglican Communion, Lutheranism, and Methodism. Some differing views are due to theological interpretations versus historical views.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "St. Nicholas Orthodox Church and Rectory", "paragraph_text": "St. Nicholas Orthodox Church and Rectory is a historic church at 64-66 Forrester Street in Salem, Massachusetts. Parish now is under Diocese of New England of the Orthodox Church in America.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Athanasius of Alexandria", "paragraph_text": "Nonetheless, within a few years of his death, Gregory of Nazianzus called him the \"Pillar of the Church\". His writings were well regarded by all Church fathers who followed, in both the West and the East, who noted their rich devotion to the Word-become-man, great pastoral concern, and profound interest in monasticism. Athanasius is counted as one of the four great Eastern Doctors of the Church in the Roman Catholic Church. In the Eastern Orthodox Church, he is labeled the \"Father of Orthodoxy\". Some Protestants label him \"Father of the Canon\". Athanasius is venerated as a Christian saint, whose feast day is 2 May in Western Christianity, 15 May in the Coptic Orthodox Church, and 18 January in the other Eastern Orthodox Churches. He is venerated by the Oriental and Eastern Orthodox Churches, the Roman Catholic Church, the Lutherans, and the Anglican Communion.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Religion in Lebanon", "paragraph_text": "Lebanon has several different main religions. The country has the most religiously diverse society of all states within the Middle East, comprising 18 recognized religious sects. The main two religions are Islam (Shia and Sunni) with 54% of followers and Christianity (the Maronite Church, the Greek Orthodox Church, the Melkite Greek Catholic Church, the Protestant Church, the Armenian Apostolic Church) with 40.4% of followers. There is also the Druze minority religion, which under the Lebanese political division (Parliament of Lebanon Seat Allocation) the Druze community is designated as one of the five Lebanese Muslim communities (Sunni, Shia, Druze, Alawi, and Ismaili).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Orthodox Church of the Holy Spirit, Vilnius", "paragraph_text": "The Orthodox Church of the Holy Spirit is a Russian Orthodox church in Vilnius, capital of Lithuania, rebuilt 1749–1753 in the Vilnian Baroque style. It should not be confused with the Roman Catholic Church of the Holy Spirit in Vilnius.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Mitre", "paragraph_text": "The mitre (British English) (/ ˈmaɪtər /; Greek: μίτρα, ``headband ''or`` turban'') or miter (American English; see spelling differences), is a type of headgear now known as the traditional, ceremonial head - dress of bishops and certain abbots in traditional Christianity. Mitres are worn in the Orthodox Church, Roman Catholic Church, as well as in the Anglican Communion, some Lutheran churches, and also bishops and certain other clergy in the Eastern Catholic Churches and the Oriental Orthodox Churches. The Metropolitan of the Malankara Mar Thoma Syrian Church also wears a mitre during important ceremonies such as the Episcopal Consecration.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 37232, "question": "The church of Santa Costanza is in what country?", "answer": "Rome", "paragraph_support_idx": 13 }, { "id": 67134, "question": "when did the greek orthodox church split from #1", "answer": "476", "paragraph_support_idx": 8 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Nguyễn Văn Kiệt", "paragraph_text": "Nguyễn Văn Kiệt (born March 23, 1945 near Saigon) was a Petty Officer Third Class in the Republic of Vietnam Navy, one of only two South Vietnamese and the only South Vietnamese Navy member, to be awarded the Navy Cross for actions during the Vietnam War. (The other recipient was ARVN PFC Trần Văn Bảy.)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Iridomyrmex anceps", "paragraph_text": "Iridomyrmex anceps is an ant species of the genus \"Iridomyrmex\". It has a very large distribution in multiple continents, but it is mainly distributed in northern Australia. Some specimens were found in multiple islands, and some were even found and collected in the United Arab Emirates.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Lê Văn Kim", "paragraph_text": "Lieutenant General Lê Văn Kim (1918 – 28 March 1987) is a former general of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam. He was the brother in law of General Trần Văn Đôn and together with General Dương Văn Minh, the trio organised the 1963 South Vietnamese coup which toppled President Ngô Đình Diệm and ended in the assassinations of Diệm and his brother, Ngô Đình Nhu.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Trần Văn Bảy", "paragraph_text": "Trần Văn Bảy was a Private First Class of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam who was awarded the Navy Cross for actions on February 19, 1967 during the Vietnam War. Bảy was one of only two South Vietnamese, and the only South Vietnamese Army member, to receive the Navy Cross during the Vietnam War (the other being Nguyễn Văn Kiệt).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Đăng Văn Quang", "paragraph_text": "Lieutenant General Đăng Văn Quang (June 21, 1929 – July 15, 2011) was an officer of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam who served as a Minister of Defense under President Nguyễn Văn Thiệu of South Vietnam.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Nguyễn Văn Vy", "paragraph_text": "Nguyễn Văn Vy (16 January 1916 – 1981) was a Vietnamese soldier who rose to the rank of lieutenant general in the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Nguyễn Tiến Trung", "paragraph_text": "Nguyễn Tiến Trung (born 1983 in Hung Ha district, Thai Binh province) is a pro-democracy activist in Vietnam. As the leader of the Assembly of Vietnamese Youth for Democracy Trung has been one of the outspoken political dissidents in Vietnam. He was arrested on July 7, 2009 by the public security of Vietnam as alleged for \"\"plotting to overthrow the government of Vietnam\"\", the accusation was persistently rejected domestically and internationally by some of Vietnam analysts such as Pham Hong Son and Carl Thayer.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Vũ Văn Mẫu", "paragraph_text": "Vũ Văn Mẫu (25 July 1914 – 20 August 1998) was the last Prime Minister of South Vietnam and served under President Dương Văn Minh leadership.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Nguyễn Tiến Minh", "paragraph_text": "Nguyễn Tiến Minh (born February 12, 1983) is a badminton player from Vietnam. His best achievement to date is a bronze medal at the World Championship in 2013.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "International Beer Day", "paragraph_text": "International Beer Day (IBD) is a celebration on the first Friday of every August founded in 2007 in Santa Cruz, California by Jesse Avshalomov. Since its inception, International Beer Day has grown from a small localized event in the western United States into a worldwide celebration spanning 207 cities, 80 countries and 6 continents. Specifically, International Beer Day has three declared purposes:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Northeast (Vietnam)", "paragraph_text": "The northern part junction with Vietnam-China border are the plateau (highland) turns from west to east are: Bắc Hà, Quản Bạ, Đồng Văn. Two first plateau has an average elevation of 1000-1200m. Đồng Văn Plateau is 1600m. River and stream flowing through the plateau created a long and deep canyons. There are also some small plain, which is Thất Khê, Lạng Sơn, Lộc Bình, Cao Bằng.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Kon Ka Kinh National Park", "paragraph_text": "Kon Ka Kinh National Park () is a national park of Vietnam, established by the decision (167/2002/QĐ-TTg) on November 25, 2002 of the then Prime Minister, Phan Văn Khải.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Coral Springs, Florida", "paragraph_text": "The city, officially chartered on July 10, 1963, was master - planned and primarily developed by Coral Ridge Properties, which was acquired by Westinghouse in 1966. The city's name is derived from the company's name, and was selected after several earlier proposals had been considered and rejected. Despite the name, there are no springs in the city; Florida's springs are found in the central and northern portions of the state.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Trần Văn Minh", "paragraph_text": "Lieutenant General Sylvain Trần Văn Minh (born 19 August 1923, Saigon, French Indochina – died 31 May 2009, Nice, France) was a Vietnamese diplomat and a general of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Dương Văn Nhựt", "paragraph_text": "Dương Văn Nhựt (Mỹ Tho, born c.1920) was a in the North Vietnamese army during the Vietnam War. He was also brother of Dương Văn Minh, the last president of South Vietnam.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Việt Yên District", "paragraph_text": "Việt Yên is a rural district of Bắc Giang Province in the Northeast region of Vietnam. Việt Yên borders on the south with Bắc Ninh Province; on the west with Hiệp Hòa District; on the east with Yên Dũng District; and on the north with Tân Yên District and Bắc Giang City.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Biblioteca Ayacucho", "paragraph_text": "The Biblioteca Ayacucho (\"Ayacucho Library\") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the \"Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho\". Its name, \"Ayacucho\", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay", "paragraph_text": "Vietnam: The event was held in Ho Chi Minh City on April 29. Some 60 torchbearers carried the torch from the downtown Opera House to the Military Zone 7 Competition Hall stadium near Tan Son Nhat International Airport along an undisclosed route. Vietnam is involved in a territorial dispute with China (and other countries) for sovereignty of the Spratly and Paracel Islands; tensions have risen recently[when?] following reports that the Chinese government had established a county-level city named Sansha in the disputed territories, resulting in anti-Chinese demonstrations in December 2007 in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City. However to sustain its relationship with China the Vietnamese government has actively sought to head off protests during the torch relay, with Prime Minister Nguyễn Tấn Dũng warning government agencies that \"hostile forces\" may try to disrupt the torch relay.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Văn Tiến Dũng", "paragraph_text": "Văn Tiến Dũng (; 2 May 1917 – 17 March 2002), born Co Nhue commune, Từ Liêm District, Hanoi, was a Vietnamese general in the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN), PAVN chief of staff (1954–74); PAVN commander in chief (1974–80); member of the Central Military–Party Committee (CMPC) (1984-1986) and Socialist Republic of Vietnam defense minister (1980–86).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Gibbs Point", "paragraph_text": "Gibbs Point, a rock point on the Antarctic Peninsula, the most northern area of the continent of Antarctica, was named for African American Antarctic explorer, George W. Gibbs, Jr. on September 2, 2009. On that date, the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (U.S. Board on Geographic Names) confirmed the place name in Antarctica for Gibbs as the first black explorer to set foot on the continent. Gibbs Point is a rock point forming the northwest entrance to Gaul Cove, on the northeast of Horseshoe Island, Marguerite Bay, Antarctic Peninsula.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 144868, "question": "What is the name of the city Văn Tiến Dũng was born in?", "answer": "Hanoi", "paragraph_support_idx": 18 }, { "id": 99691, "question": "What continent is #1 found on?", "answer": "Asia", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Anton Rupert", "paragraph_text": "After dropping out of medical school due to a lack of funds, Rupert earned a chemistry degree at the University of Pretoria, where he also lectured for a short while. Subsequently, he started a dry-cleaning business.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Bryan Lee O'Malley", "paragraph_text": "Bryan Lee O'Malley attended St. Thomas Aquinas Catholic Secondary School in London, Ontario, Canada. He went on to start in Film Studies at the University of Western Ontario, but dropped out before completing.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror", "paragraph_text": "On the last word of Serling's narration, the elevator starts its drop sequence. Rather than a simple gravity - powered drop, however, the elevator is pulled downwards, causing most riders to rise off their seats, held down by a seat belt. At least once during the drop sequence, wide elevator doors in front of the riders open to reveal a view of the park from a height of 157 ft (48 m), however the drop is only 130 ft (40 m), the height of a 13 - story building. The elevator drops at a top speed of 39 miles per hour (63 km / h). In the Hollywood Studios version, the back of the ``Hollywood Tower Hotel ''sign partially obstructs the view (the on - ride camera is located here, recording the ride for video or a photograph to be purchased later).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Dragon Ball Super", "paragraph_text": "Bandai has announced that a line of Dragon Ball Super toys will be available in the United States in summer 2017. Bandai has also announced the updated Dragon Ball Super Card Game that starts with one starter deck, one special pack containing 4 booster packs and a promotional Vegeta card and a booster box with 24 packs. It will be released on July 28, 2017. A line of six Dragon Ball Super Happy Meal toys were made available at Japanese McDonald's restaurants in May 2017.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Big Brother 20 (American season)", "paragraph_text": "Head of Household (``Land a Job ''): When the competition starts HouseGuests must step up to the launch pad and launch their ball into the new town of`` San Brosé'' The building the ball lands on has a corresponding salary. The HouseGuest with the highest salary after everyone has launched their balls became the new HoH. Kaitlyn was the winner and became the second HoH of the season.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "LaVar Ball", "paragraph_text": "Ball first began playing college basketball at West Los Angeles College in the low - tier Western State Conference despite having little experience at the prep level. In the season opener in 1986, he recorded 33 points and 18 rebounds against Porterville College. Ball then transferred to NCAA Division I side Washington State and became a starting forward. In 36 games for the Cougars, however; he averaged only 2.2 points, 2.3 rebounds, and 1.0 assists per game. After one season, Ball transferred again to Cal State Los Angeles, which competed in the NCAA Division II, playing alongside three of his four brothers. After his college basketball career had ended, he continued to play American football at Long Beach City College for one season.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Canadian football", "paragraph_text": "Penalties never result in a score for the offence. For example, a point-of-foul infraction committed by the defence in their end zone is not ruled a touchdown, but instead advances the ball to the one-yard line with an automatic first down. For a distance penalty, if the yardage is greater than half the distance to the goal line, then the ball is advanced half the distance to the goal line, though only up to the one-yard line (unlike American football, in Canadian football no scrimmage may start inside either one-yard line). If the original penalty yardage would have resulted in a first down or moving the ball past the goal line, a first down is awarded.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Metrication in the United Kingdom", "paragraph_text": "Another example was the Met Office who, in 1962, started publishing temperatures in both Celsius and Fahrenheit, dropping the use of Fahrenheit from their official reports in 1970.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Fred Meyer Jewelers", "paragraph_text": "Fred Meyer Jewelers started in 1973 as a catalog showroom concept by Fred G. Meyer. As the catalog showroom fad started to die down, Fred Meyer was experiencing excellent sales growth in the fine jewelry category. To capitalize on this sales growth, Fred Meyer placed fine jewelry stores in their large multi-department stores and eventually shopping malls throughout the Western United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Times Square Ball", "paragraph_text": "The event was first organized by Adolph Ochs, owner of The New York Times newspaper, as a successor to a series of New Year's Eve fireworks displays he held at the building to promote its status as the new headquarters of the Times, while the ball itself was designed by Artkraft Strauss. First held on December 31, 1907, to welcome 1908, the ball drop has been held annually since, except in 1942 and 1943 in observance of wartime blackouts.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "List of Dragon Ball Super episodes", "paragraph_text": "Dragon Ball Super received an English - language dub that premiered on the Toonami channel in Southeast Asia and India in January 2017. The series has been aired in Israel on Nickelodeon and in Portugal on SIC. Toei Animation Europe announced that Dragon Ball Super would be broadcast in France, Italy, Spain, and English - speaking Africa in Fall 2016. An official English sub of the series would be simulcasted legally on Crunchyroll, Daisuki.net, and Anime Lab beginning October 22, 2016. Funimation announced the company acquired the rights to the series and will be producing an English dub. As well as officially announcing the dub, it was also announced they will be simulcasting the series on their streaming platform, FunimationNow. Funimation's English dub of Dragon Ball Super started airing on Adult Swim's Toonami block starting January 7, 2017.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Die Like a Dog", "paragraph_text": "\"Die Like a Dog\" is a Nero Wolfe mystery novella written by American writer Rex Stout, first published as \"The Body in the Hall\" in the December 1954 issue of \"The American Magazine\". It first appeared in book form in the short-story collection \"Three Witnesses\", published by the Viking Press in 1956.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Base Ball Bear", "paragraph_text": "Base Ball Bear is a Japanese rock band from Tokyo that made its major debut in 2006 with EMI Music Japan. Although assembled in autumn 2001, the band formally began in 2002, and started off with self-produced releases.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "United States housing bubble", "paragraph_text": "The United States housing bubble was a real estate bubble affecting over half of the U.S. states. Housing prices peaked in early 2006, started to decline in 2006 and 2007, and reached new lows in 2012. On December 30, 2008, the Case - Shiller home price index reported its largest price drop in its history. The credit crisis resulting from the bursting of the housing bubble is -- according to general consensus -- an important cause of the 2007 -- 2009 recession in the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Wood", "paragraph_text": "During the development of a tree, the lower limbs often die, but may remain attached for a time, sometimes years. Subsequent layers of growth of the attaching stem are no longer intimately joined with the dead limb, but are grown around it. Hence, dead branches produce knots which are not attached, and likely to drop out after the tree has been sawn into boards.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Dumb Ways to Die", "paragraph_text": "Dumb Ways to Die is an Australian public service announcement campaign made by Metro Trains in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia to promote railway safety. The campaign video went viral through sharing and social media starting in November 2012.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "New Year's Eve", "paragraph_text": "The most prominent celebration in the country is the ``ball drop ''held in New York City's Times Square. Inspired by the time balls that were formerly used as a time signal, at 11: 59 p.m. ET, an 11,875 - pound (5,386 kg), 12 - foot - diameter (3.7 m) ball covered in panels made of Waterford crystal, is lowered down a 70 feet (21 m) high pole on the roof of One Times Square, reaching the roof of the building 60 seconds later at midnight. The event has been held since 1907, and has seen an average attendance of 1,000,000 yearly. The popularity of the spectacle has inspired similar events outside of New York City, where objects that represent a region's culture, geography, or history are raised or lowered in a similar fashion -- such as Atlanta's Peach Drop, representing Georgia's identity as the`` Peach State'', and Brasstown, North Carolina's lowering of a live opossum in a glass enclosure (an event which has historically attracted criticism from animal rights groups).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Amalie Schoppe", "paragraph_text": "Her friends included Rosa Maria Assing, Justinus Kerner and Adelbert von Chamisso, along with the young poet Friedrich Hebbel, whom she introduced to patrons and allowed to use her study. From 1827 to 1846 she edited the Pariser Modeblätter as well writing literary articles for it. She also wrote for several other magazines and from 1831 to 1839 edited the young peoples' magazine Iduna. From 1842 to 1845 she lived in Jena, before moving back to Hamburg and finally in 1851 to the United States of America with her son, where she died aged 66 in Schenectady, New York", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Times Square Ball", "paragraph_text": "The Times Square Ball is a time ball located in New York City's Times Square. Located on the roof of One Times Square, the ball is a prominent part of a New Year's Eve celebration in Times Square commonly referred to as the ball drop, where the ball descends 141 feet (43 m) in 60 seconds down a specially designed flagpole, beginning at 11: 59: 00 p.m. ET, and resting at midnight to signal the start of the new year. In recent years, the festivities have been preceded by live entertainment, including performances by musicians.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Drop goal", "paragraph_text": "A drop goal, field goal, dropped goal, or pot is a method of scoring points in rugby union and rugby league and also, rarely, in American football and Canadian football. A drop goal is scored by drop kicking the ball over the crossbar and between the goalposts. After the kick, the ball must not touch the ground before it goes over and through, although it may touch the crossbar. If the drop goal attempt is successful, play stops and the non-scoring team (the scoring team in rugby union sevens) restarts play with a kick from halfway. If the kick is unsuccessful, the offside rules for a kick apply and play continues until a normal stoppage occurs. Because of the scoring attempt this is usually from the kicked ball going dead or into touch. Defenders may tackle the kicker while he is in possession of the ball, or attempt to charge down or block the kick.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 157791, "question": "In what state did the writer die?", "answer": "New York", "paragraph_support_idx": 17 }, { "id": 90774, "question": "when did the ball drop in #1 start", "answer": "December 31, 1907", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Two-Lane Blacktop", "paragraph_text": "\"Two-Lane Blacktop\" was unavailable on video for years because Universal Studios only released a few films from their catalog each year and it was not a priority. In 1994, Seattle's Scarecrow Video invited Hellman to show the film at their store. They proceeded to collect 2,000 signatures, including Werner Herzog's, for a petition to get the film released on video. Both \"People\" magazine and \"Film Comment\" ran articles about the store's effort and the film.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Battle of Lundy's Lane", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Lundy's Lane (also known as the Battle of Niagara Falls) was a battle of the Anglo - American War of 1812, which took place on 25 July 1814, in present - day Niagara Falls, Ontario. It was one of the bloodiest battles of the war, and one of the deadliest battles ever fought in Canada.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Riva, Maryland", "paragraph_text": "Riva is a census-designated place (CDP) in Anne Arundel County, Maryland, United States. The population was 4,076 at the 2010 census. The area is scenic, especially where the two-lane Riva Road crosses the South River on a bridge. The area is growing with large new homes as the suburbs of Annapolis grow outward.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Battle of Two Sisters", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Two Sisters was an engagement of the Falklands War during the British advance towards the capital, Port Stanley; it took place from 11 to 12 June 1982.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Battle of Lundy's Lane", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Lundy's Lane (also known as the Battle of Niagara Falls) was a battle of the Anglo-American War of 1812, which took place on 25 July 1814, in present-day Niagara Falls, Ontario. It was one of the bloodiest battles of the war, and one of the deadliest battles ever fought in Canada.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Sony Music", "paragraph_text": "In 1964, CBS established its own UK distribution with the acquisition of Oriole Records. EMI continued to distribute Epic and Okeh label material on the Columbia label in the UK until the distribution deal with EMI expired in 1968 when CBS took over distribution.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "1909 World Figure Skating Championships", "paragraph_text": "The 1909 men competitions took place on February 7–8 in Stockholm, Sweden. The 1909 ladies competitions took place on January 23–24 in Budapest, Austria-Hungary. Lily Kronberger was the only competitor. The 1909 pairs competition took place on February 8 in Stockholm, Sweden.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "U.S. Route 29 in Virginia", "paragraph_text": "For most of its route through Virginia, US 29 has been constructed to be at least four lanes along its route, with the two short exceptions being where the highway passes through Manassas National Battlefield Park, where it is two lanes wide for approximately three miles, and through Fairfax and Arlington counties, where it is sometimes wider.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "The Adventures of Lano and Woodley", "paragraph_text": "The Adventures of Lano and Woodley is an Australian comedy television show starring the comedic duo of Lano and Woodley (Colin Lane and Frank Woodley), consisting of two series which aired on ABC TV from 1997 to 1999. The first series was distributed on VHS and in 2004 \"The Complete Adventures of Lano and Woodley\" was released as a 2-disc DVD rather than each series being released separately.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Rachel Carson Bridge", "paragraph_text": "Rachel Carson Bridge, also known as the Ninth Street Bridge, spans the Allegheny River in Downtown Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in the United States. The total length is including the main span and two side spans, or including the approaches. The total width of the deck is , including the roadway plus two sidewalks outside the compressive plate girder. Whereas the roadway formerly carried two vehicle lanes and two streetcar tracks, it now carries four wide vehicle lanes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Kho kho", "paragraph_text": "A Kho kho playing field is rectangular. It is 36 by 18 metres (118 ft × 59 ft) in length and width. There are two rectangles at the end. The dimensions of each rectangle is 16 m × 2.75 m (52.5 ft × 9.0 ft). In the middle of these two rectangles, there are two wooden poles. The central lane's dimensions are 2,350 cm × 30 cm (925 in × 12 in). There are eight cross lanes which lie across the central lane, whose dimensions are 1,600 cm × 30 cm (630 in × 12 in). It makes the small rectangles and each of them are 16 m × 2.3 m (52.5 ft × 7.5 ft) (the two rectangles of near by the wooden poles are 2.5 m (8 ft 2 in) wide), at right angles to the central lane and divided equally into two parts of 7.85 m (25.8 ft) each by the central lane. At the end of the central lane, the free zone tangent to the post-line, two smooth wooden posts are fixed, 120 cm (47 in) high from the ground, and their circumference is no less than 30 cm (12 in) and no more than 40 cm (16 in). The equipment used in Kho kho are poles / post, strings, metallic measuring tape, lime powder, wire nails, two watches, types of rings having inner circumference of 30 cm (12 in) and 40 cm (16 in), score shots (like a whistle, for instance), and equipment to record the results.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Evolution of mammals", "paragraph_text": "One such feature available for paleontology, shared by all living mammals (including monotremes), but not present in any of the early Triassic therapsids, is shown in Figure 1 (on the right), namely: mammals use two bones for hearing that all other amniotes use for eating. The earliest amniotes had a jaw joint composed of the articular (a small bone at the back of the lower jaw) and the quadrate (a small bone at the back of the upper jaw). All non-mammalian tetrapods use this system including amphibians, turtles, lizards, snakes, crocodilians, dinosaurs (including the birds), ichthyosaurs, pterosaurs and therapsids. But mammals have a different jaw joint, composed only of the dentary (the lower jaw bone, which carries the teeth) and the squamosal (another small skull bone). In the Jurassic, their quadrate and articular bones evolved into the incus and malleus bones in the middle ear. Mammals also have a double occipital condyle; they have two knobs at the base of the skull that fit into the topmost neck vertebra, while other tetrapods have a single occipital condyle.In a 1981 article, Kenneth A. Kermack and his co-authors argued for drawing the line between mammals and earlier synapsids at the point where the mammalian pattern of molar occlusion was being acquired and the dentary-squamosal joint had appeared. The criterion chosen, they noted, is merely a matter of convenience; their choice was based on the fact that \"the lower jaw is the most likely skeletal element of a Mesozoic mammal to be preserved.\" Today, most paleontologists consider that animals are mammals if they satisfy this criterion.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "La morte risale a ieri sera", "paragraph_text": "\"La morte risale a ieri sera\" was released in Italy on September 5, 1970. The film has also been distributed internationally under the titles \"Death Occurred Last Night\", \"Death Took Place Last Night\" and \"Horror Came out of the Fog\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "The Devil Horse", "paragraph_text": "The Devil Horse is a 1932 American Pre-Code movie serial starring Harry Carey, Frankie Darro and Noah Beery, Sr. that was distributed by Mascot Pictures. This is regarded as the best of the three serials Harry Carey made in the early 1930's, the other two being \"Last of the Mohicans\" and \"The Vanishing Legion\". Frankie Darro had co-starred with Carey previously in \"The Vanishing Legion\". Lane Chandler played the murdered ranger Elliott Norton, uncredited.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "2019 AFC Asian Cup Group D", "paragraph_text": "Group D of the 2019 AFC Asian Cup took place from 7 to 16 January 2019. The group consisted of Iran, Iraq, Vietnam, and Yemen. The top two teams, Iran and Iraq, along with the third-placed team, Vietnam (as one of the four best third-placed teams), advanced to the round of 16.The group contained two former champions, Iran (3 titles) and Iraq (1 title). Yemen made its debut in the tournament.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Nordic combined at the 2002 Winter Olympics", "paragraph_text": "Nordic combined at the 2002 Winter Olympics, consisted of three events held over ten days, from 9 February to 22 February. The ski jumping part took place in Park City, while the cross-country part took place in Soldier Hollow. This was the first Winter Olympics to have two individual Nordic Combined events: the 10 km individual normal hill (sprint) and the 10 km individual large hill (individual).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Brightman Street Bridge", "paragraph_text": "The Brightman Street Bridge is a long, four-lane wide drawbridge spanning the Taunton River between the town of Somerset and the city of Fall River, Massachusetts. It was authorized in 1903 by the state legislature, and building took place between 1906 and 1908, when it opened full-time on October 10, 1908. It was closed to vehicular traffic on October 11, 2011.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Two-Lane Blacktop", "paragraph_text": "Two-Lane Blacktop is a 1971 road movie directed by Monte Hellman and starring songwriter James Taylor, the Beach Boys drummer Dennis Wilson, Warren Oates, and Laurie Bird. \"Blacktop\" means an asphalt road.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "The Wizarding World of Harry Potter (Universal Orlando Resort)", "paragraph_text": "The Wizarding World of Harry Potter Hogwarts Castle, which houses Harry Potter and the Forbidden Journey Universal's Islands of Adventure Status Operating Cost GBP £134 million USD $200 million Soft opening date May 28, 2010 Opening date June 18, 2010 (2010 - 06 - 18) Replaced Merlinwood (The Lost Continent) Universal Studios Florida Status Operating Cost USD $256 million Soft opening date July 3, 2014 Opening date July 8, 2014 Replaced Jaws General statistics Attraction type Themed zone Designer Universal Creative Theme Harry Potter Size Phase 1: 20 acres (8.1 ha)", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 19, "title": "First Battle of Polotsk", "paragraph_text": "In the First Battle of Polotsk, which took place on 17–18 August 1812, Russian troops under the command of Peter Wittgenstein fought French and Bavarian troops led by Nicolas Oudinot near the city of Polotsk, halting Oudinot's advance toward Saint Petersburg. The First Battle of Polotsk should be distinguished from the Second Battle of Polotsk which took place during the same campaign two months later.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 120823, "question": "Who distributed Two-Lane Blacktop?", "answer": "Universal Studios", "paragraph_support_idx": 0 }, { "id": 58416, "question": "what took the place of jaws at #1", "answer": "The Wizarding World of Harry Potter", "paragraph_support_idx": 18 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Middle Ages", "paragraph_text": "Jews also spread across Europe during the period. Communities were established in Germany and England in the 11th and 12th centuries, but Spanish Jews, long settled in Spain under the Muslims, came under Christian rule and increasing pressure to convert to Christianity. Most Jews were confined to the cities, as they were not allowed to own land or be peasants.[U] Besides the Jews, there were other non-Christians on the edges of Europe—pagan Slavs in Eastern Europe and Muslims in Southern Europe.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Translation", "paragraph_text": "After World War I, when Britain and France divided up the Middle East's countries, apart from Turkey, between them, pursuant to the Sykes-Picot agreement—in violation of solemn wartime promises of postwar Arab autonomy—there came an immediate reaction: the Muslim Brotherhood emerged in Egypt, the House of Saud took over the Hijaz, and regimes led by army officers came to power in Iran and Turkey. \"[B]oth illiberal currents of the modern Middle East,\" writes de Bellaigne, \"Islamism and militarism, received a major impetus from Western empire-builders.\" As often happens in countries undergoing social crisis, the aspirations of the Muslim world's translators and modernizers, such as Muhammad Abduh, largely had to yield to retrograde currents.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Daylight saving time", "paragraph_text": "In some Muslim countries DST is temporarily abandoned during Ramadan (the month when no food should be eaten between sunrise and sunset), since the DST would delay the evening dinner. Ramadan took place in July and August in 2012. This concerns at least Morocco and Palestine, although Iran keeps DST during Ramadan. Most Muslim countries do not use DST, partially for this reason.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Middle Ages", "paragraph_text": "The crusades were intended to seize Jerusalem from Muslim control. The First Crusade was proclaimed by Pope Urban II (pope 1088–99) at the Council of Clermont in 1095 in response to a request from the Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Komnenos (r. 1081–1118) for aid against further Muslim advances. Urban promised indulgence to anyone who took part. Tens of thousands of people from all levels of society mobilised across Europe and captured Jerusalem in 1099. One feature of the crusades was the pogroms against local Jews that often took place as the crusaders left their countries for the East. These were especially brutal during the First Crusade, when the Jewish communities in Cologne, Mainz, and Worms were destroyed, and other communities in cities between the rivers Seine and Rhine suffered destruction. Another outgrowth of the crusades was the foundation of a new type of monastic order, the military orders of the Templars and Hospitallers, which fused monastic life with military service.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "April 2015 Nepal earthquake", "paragraph_text": "Thousands of houses were destroyed across many districts of the country, with entire villages flattened, especially those near the epicenter.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy", "paragraph_text": "The \"Jyllands-Posten\" Muhammad cartoons controversy (or Muhammad cartoons crisis) (Danish: \"Muhammedkrisen\") began after the Danish newspaper \"Jyllands-Posten\" published 12 editorial cartoons on 30 September 2005, most of which depicted Muhammad, a principal figure of the religion of Islam. The newspaper announced that this was an attempt to contribute to the debate about criticism of Islam and self-censorship. Muslim groups in Denmark complained, and the issue eventually led to protests around the world, including violent demonstrations and riots in some Muslim countries.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Islamic calendar", "paragraph_text": "The Islamic, Muslim, or Hijri calendar (Arabic: التقويم الهجري ‎ at - taqwīm al - hijrī) is a lunar calendar consisting of 12 months in a year of 354 or 355 days. It is used (often alongside the Gregorian calendar) to date events in many Muslim countries. It is also used by Muslims to determine the proper days of Islamic holidays and rituals, such as the annual period of fasting and the proper time for the pilgrimage to Mecca.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Carol Woods", "paragraph_text": "Carol Woods (born November 13, 1943) is an American actress and singer. She is best known for her roles in Across the Universe (2007), Sweet and Lowdown (1999) and The Honeymooners (2005). In February 2008 she received a standing ovation during the 50th Grammy Awards broadcast singing ``Let It Be ''from the soundtrack of the film Across the Universe, with Timothy Mitchum.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Aahat", "paragraph_text": "Aahat (English: \"An approaching sound\") is an Indian thriller/horror television anthology series created by B. P. Singh for Sony Entertainment Television. The series premiered on 12 October 1995. The episodes of first, second and fifth seasons were half-hourly, while episodes of third, fourth and sixth seasons were one-hourly. Om Puri, Mandira Bedi, Tom Alter, Ashutosh Rana, Shivaji Satham, Virendra Saxena have starred in the show. Canadian actor, Remi Kaler also worked in the series in 1999 and 2000. The sixth season premiered on Wednesday, 18 February 2015, starring Shakti Anand and ended on 4 August 2015.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Greece", "paragraph_text": "The Muslim minority in Thrace, which amounts to approximately 0.95% of the total population, consists of speakers of Turkish, Bulgarian (Pomaks) and Romani. Romani is also spoken by Christian Roma in other parts of the country. Further minority languages have traditionally been spoken by regional population groups in various parts of the country. Their use has decreased radically in the course of the 20th century through assimilation with the Greek-speaking majority. Today they are only maintained by the older generations and are on the verge of extinction. This goes for the Arvanites, an Albanian-speaking group mostly located in the rural areas around the capital Athens, and for the Aromanians and Moglenites, also known as Vlachs, whose language is closely related to Romanian and who used to live scattered across several areas of mountainous central Greece. Members of these groups ethnically identify as Greeks and are today all at least bilingual in Greek.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Sahara", "paragraph_text": "The Byzantine Empire ruled the northern shores of the Sahara from the 5th to the 7th centuries. After the Muslim conquest of Arabia (Arabian peninsula) the Muslim conquest of North Africa began in the mid-7th to early 8th centuries, Islamic influence expanded rapidly on the Sahara. By the end of 641 all of Egypt was in Muslim hands. The trade across the desert intensified. A significant slave trade crossed the desert. It has been estimated that from the 10th to 19th centuries some 6,000 to 7,000 slaves were transported north each year.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Yuan dynasty", "paragraph_text": "Despite the high position given to Muslims, some policies of the Yuan Emperors severely discriminated against them, restricting Halal slaughter and other Islamic practices like circumcision, as well as Kosher butchering for Jews, forcing them to eat food the Mongol way. Toward the end, corruption and the persecution became so severe that Muslim generals joined Han Chinese in rebelling against the Mongols. The Ming founder Zhu Yuanzhang had Muslim generals like Lan Yu who rebelled against the Mongols and defeated them in combat. Some Muslim communities had a Chinese surname which meant \"barracks\" and could also mean \"thanks\". Many Hui Muslims claim this is because that they played an important role in overthrowing the Mongols and it was given in thanks by the Han Chinese for assisting them. During the war fighting the Mongols, among the Ming Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang's armies was the Hui Muslim Feng Sheng. The Muslims in the semu class also revolted against the Yuan dynasty in the Ispah Rebellion but the rebellion was crushed and the Muslims were massacred by the Yuan loyalist commander Chen Youding.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Tibet", "paragraph_text": "Muslims have been living in Tibet since as early as the 8th or 9th century. In Tibetan cities, there are small communities of Muslims, known as Kachee (Kache), who trace their origin to immigrants from three main regions: Kashmir (Kachee Yul in ancient Tibetan), Ladakh and the Central Asian Turkic countries. Islamic influence in Tibet also came from Persia. After 1959 a group of Tibetan Muslims made a case for Indian nationality based on their historic roots to Kashmir and the Indian government declared all Tibetan Muslims Indian citizens later on that year. Other Muslim ethnic groups who have long inhabited Tibet include Hui, Salar, Dongxiang and Bonan. There is also a well established Chinese Muslim community (gya kachee), which traces its ancestry back to the Hui ethnic group of China.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Steven Kull", "paragraph_text": "Kull began intensive study of public opinion in the Muslim world in 2006, conducting focus groups in six majority-Muslim nations and polls in eleven countries, of which the result is \"Feeling Betrayed\", his book on Muslim attitudes toward the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Plymouth", "paragraph_text": "The University of St Mark & St John (known as \"Marjon\" or \"Marjons\") specialises in teacher training, and offers training across the country and abroad.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Umayyad Caliphate", "paragraph_text": "The rivalries between the Arab tribes had caused unrest in the provinces outside Syria, most notably in the Second Muslim Civil War of 680–692 CE and the Berber Revolt of 740–743 CE. During the Second Civil War, leadership of the Umayyad clan shifted from the Sufyanid branch of the family to the Marwanid branch. As the constant campaigning exhausted the resources and manpower of the state, the Umayyads, weakened by the Third Muslim Civil War of 744–747 CE, were finally toppled by the Abbasid Revolution in 750 CE/132 AH. A branch of the family fled across North Africa to Al-Andalus, where they established the Caliphate of Córdoba, which lasted until 1031 before falling due to the Fitna of al-Ándalus.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Islam by country", "paragraph_text": "The country with the single largest population of Muslims is Indonesia in Southeast Asia, which on its own hosts 13% of the world's Muslims. Together, the Muslims in the countries of the Malay Archipelago (which includes Brunei, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines and East Timor) constitute the world's second or third largest population of Muslims. Here Muslims are majorities in each country other than Singapore, the Philippines, and East Timor.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Islam in Guam", "paragraph_text": "The presence of Islam in Guam is quite small, centered on the island's only mosque, the Masjid Al-Noor in Mangilao. Muslims in Guam are from a wide variety of backgrounds, both originating in traditionally Muslim countries, as well as Chamorro converts and mainland Americans.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Palermo", "paragraph_text": "The Muslims took control of the Island in 904, after decades of fierce fighting, and the Emirate of Sicily was established. Muslim rule on the island lasted for about 120 years and was marked by cruelty and brutality against the native population, which was reduced into near slavery[clarification needed] and Christian churches across the island were all completely destroyed.[page needed] Palermo (Balarm during Arab rule) displaced Syracuse as the capital city of Sicily. It was said to have then begun to compete with Córdoba and Cairo in terms of importance and splendor. For more than one hundred years Palermo was the capital of a flourishing emirate. The Arabs also introduced many agricultural crops which remain a mainstay of Sicilian cuisine.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Religion in Saudi Arabia", "paragraph_text": "The official form of Islam is Sunni of the Hanbali school, in its Salafi version. According to official statistics, 75–85% of Saudi Arabian citizens are Sunni Muslims, 10–15% are Shia. (More than 30% of the population is made up of foreign workers who are predominantly but not entirely Muslim.) It is unknown how many Ahmadis there are in the country. The two holiest cities of Islam, Mecca and Medina, are in Saudi Arabia. For many reasons, non-Muslims are not permitted to enter the holy cities although some Western non-Muslims have been able to enter, disguised as Muslims.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 107152, "question": "Which was the country for Aahat?", "answer": "India", "paragraph_support_idx": 8 }, { "id": 158615, "question": "What are the roles of Muslims across #1 ?", "answer": "economics, politics, and culture of India", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[ "India", "IND", "in", "IN" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Standing Rules of the United States Senate", "paragraph_text": "The Standing Rules of the Senate are the parliamentary procedures adopted by the United States Senate that govern its procedure. The Senate's power to establish rules derives from Article One, Section 5 of the United States Constitution: ``Each House may determine the rules of its proceedings... ''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Heap Island", "paragraph_text": "Heap Island () is an island off the southeast coast of Renaud Island in the Biscoe Islands of the Graham Coast of Antarctica, between Jurva Point and Bates Island. In association with the names of sea-ice specialists grouped in this area, it was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) in 1985 after John A. Heap, a sea-ice specialist with the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS), 1955–62, who worked in the Antarctic with FIDS, 1955–56, with the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition, 1956–57, and with the United States Antarctic Research Program, 1962–63. He was later head of the Polar Regions Section at the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, and a member of the UK-APC from 1976.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Constitution of Missouri", "paragraph_text": "The first constitution was written in 1820 in only 38 days. The Missouri Constitutional Convention (1861 - 63) was elected to decide on secession, and made no changes to the constitution.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Separation of church and state in the United States", "paragraph_text": "^Note 5: The North Carolina Constitution of 1776 disestablished the Anglican church, but until 1835 the NC Constitution allowed only Protestants to hold public office. From 1835-1876 it allowed only Christians (including Catholics) to hold public office. Article VI, Section 8 of the current NC Constitution forbids only atheists from holding public office. Such clauses were held by the United States Supreme Court to be unenforceable in the 1961 case of Torcaso v. Watkins, when the court ruled unanimously that such clauses constituted a religious test incompatible with First and Fourteenth Amendment protections.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Cyprus", "paragraph_text": "The ratio of Muslims to Christians fluctuated throughout the period of Ottoman domination. In 1777–78, 47,000 Muslims constituted a majority over the island's 37,000 Christians. By 1872, the population of the island had risen to 144,000, comprising 44,000 Muslims and 100,000 Christians. The Muslim population included numerous crypto-Christians, including the Linobambaki, a crypto-Catholic community that arose due to religious persecution of the Catholic community by the Ottoman authorities; this community would assimilate into the Turkish Cypriot community during British rule.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Horvath Island", "paragraph_text": "Horvath Island is a small island close north of Watkins Island, in the Biscoe Islands of Antarctica. It was mapped from air photos taken by the Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition (1956–57), and was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Stephen M. Horvath, an American physiologist who has specialized in the peripheral circulation of man in climatic extremes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Parliament of Northern Ireland", "paragraph_text": "The Parliament of Northern Ireland was the Home Rule legislature of Northern Ireland, created under the Government of Ireland Act 1920, which sat from 7 June 1921 to 30 March 1972, when it was suspended with the introduction of Direct Rule. It was abolished under the Northern Ireland Constitution Act 1973.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Tristan da Cunha", "paragraph_text": "In 1816, the United Kingdom annexed the islands, ruling them from the Cape Colony in South Africa. This is reported to have primarily been a measure to ensure that the French would be unable to use the islands as a base for a rescue operation to free Napoleon Bonaparte from his prison on Saint Helena. The occupation also prevented the United States from using Tristan da Cunha as a cruiser base, as it had during the War of 1812.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 8, "title": "British Isles", "paragraph_text": "There are two sovereign states in the isles: Ireland and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Ireland, sometimes called the Republic of Ireland, governs five sixths of the island of Ireland, with the remainder of the island forming Northern Ireland. Northern Ireland is a part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, usually shortened to simply the United Kingdom, which governs the remainder of the archipelago with the exception of the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands. The Isle of Man and the two states of the Channel Islands, Jersey and Guernsey, are known as the Crown Dependencies. They exercise constitutional rights of self-government and judicial independence; responsibility for international representation rests largely upon the UK (in consultation with the respective governments); and responsibility for defence is reserved by the UK. The United Kingdom is made up of four constituent parts: England, Scotland and Wales, forming Great Britain, and Northern Ireland in the north-east of the island of Ireland. Of these, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland have \"devolved\" governments meaning that they have their own parliaments/assemblies and are self-governing with respect to certain areas set down by law. For judicial purposes, Scotland, Northern Ireland and England and Wales (the latter being one entity) form separate legal jurisdiction, with there being no single law for the UK as a whole.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Constitutional Convention (United States)", "paragraph_text": "In September 1786, at the Annapolis Convention, delegates from five states called for a Constitutional Convention in order to discuss possible improvements to the Articles of Confederation. The Constitutional Convention took place in Philadelphia on May 14, 1787. Rhode Island, fearing that the Convention would work to its disadvantage, boycotted the Convention and, when the Constitution was put to the states, initially refused to ratify it.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "History of the United States Constitution", "paragraph_text": "The United States Constitution was written in 1787 during the Philadelphia Convention. The old Congress set the rules the new government followed in terms of writing and ratifying the new constitution. After ratification in eleven states, in 1789 its elected officers of government assembled in New York City, replacing the Articles of Confederation government. The original Constitution has been amended twenty - seven times. The meaning of the Constitution is interpreted and extended by judicial review in the federal courts. The original parchment copies are on display at the National Archives Building.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Breaker Island", "paragraph_text": "Breaker Island is a small rocky island lying in Arthur Harbour close south-west of Norsel Point, off the south-west coast of Anvers Island in the Palmer Archipelago of Antarctica. It was surveyed by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) in 1955 and named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) because the island causes breakers when the sea is rough.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "2014 Man Booker Prize", "paragraph_text": "The 2014 Man Booker Prize for fiction was awarded at a ceremony on 14 October 2014. Until 2014, only novels written in English and from authors in the Commonwealth, including the UK, the Republic of Ireland and Zimbabwe were eligible for consideration; however from 2014 rules were changed to extend eligibility to any novel written in English. It is therefore the first time in the award's history that authors from the United States of America have been included.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Constitution of Liberia", "paragraph_text": "Additionally, Liberia was governed by two constitutions during the rule by the American Colonization Society under the Commonwealth of Liberia:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "United States Virgin Islands", "paragraph_text": "Previously the Danish West Indies of the Kingdom of Denmark -- Norway, they were sold to the United States by Denmark in the Treaty of the Danish West Indies of 1916. They are classified by the U.N. as a Non-Self - Governing Territory, and are currently an organized, unincorporated United States territory. The U.S. Virgin Islands are organized under the 1954 Revised Organic Act of the Virgin Islands and have since held five constitutional conventions. The last and only proposed Constitution, adopted by the Fifth Constitutional Convention of the U.S. Virgin Islands in 2009, was rejected by the U.S. Congress in 2010, which urged the convention to reconvene to address the concerns Congress and the Obama Administration had with the proposed document. The Fifth Constitutional Convention of the U.S. Virgin Islands met in October 2012 to address these concerns, but was not able to produce a revised Constitution before its October 31 deadline.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Lacuna Island", "paragraph_text": "Lacuna Island () is a small island lying east of Tula Point, the northern end of Renaud Island, in the Biscoe Islands, Antarctica. It was mapped from air photos obtained by Hunting Aerosurveys Ltd, 1956–57, and was so named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee because the island lies in a lacuna (a gap) in the vertical air photos.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Geelan Ice Piedmont", "paragraph_text": "Geelan Ice Piedmont () is an ice piedmont forming the northern end of Rothschild Island, off the coast of Antarctica. Following survey by the British Antarctic Survey, 1975–77, it was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) for Patrick John Michael Geelan, who was Secretary of the Permanent Committee on Geographical Names, 1955–79, a member of the UK-APC from 1955, and Chairman of the UK-APC from 1992.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Locator Island", "paragraph_text": "Locator Island () is the highest of the Roca Islands, lying north of the largest island in the group, in the Wilhelm Archipelago, Antarctica. It was mapped by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey from photos taken by Hunting Aerosurveys Ltd in 1956–57 and from the helicopter of HMS \"Protector\" in March 1958. The island was so named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee because this distinctive island provides a useful mark for locating one's position when navigating French Passage.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Rule of law", "paragraph_text": "In India, the longest constitutional text in the history of the world has governed that country since 1950. Although the Constitution of India may have been intended to provide details that would limit the opportunity for judicial discretion, the more text there is in a constitution the greater opportunity the judiciary may have to exercise judicial review. According to Indian journalist Harish Khare, \"The rule of law or rather the Constitution [is] in danger of being supplanted by the rule of judges.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Constitution of South Africa", "paragraph_text": "The Constitution of South Africa is the supreme law of the country of South Africa. It provides the legal foundation for the existence of the republic, sets out the rights and duties of its citizens, and defines the structure of the government. The current constitution, the country's fifth, was drawn up by the Parliament elected in 1994 in the first non-racial elections. It was promulgated by President Nelson Mandela on 18th December 1996 and came into effect on 4 February 1997, replacing the Interim Constitution of 1993.", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 7572, "question": "where did the UK rule the islands from?", "answer": "South Africa", "paragraph_support_idx": 7 }, { "id": 44573, "question": "when was the constitution of #1 written", "answer": "1994", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Flumendosa", "paragraph_text": "The Flumendosa is a river of southern Sardinia, Italy. With a length of , it is the second longest river of the island behind the Tirso.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Rule of law", "paragraph_text": "In India, the longest constitutional text in the history of the world has governed that country since 1950. Although the Constitution of India may have been intended to provide details that would limit the opportunity for judicial discretion, the more text there is in a constitution the greater opportunity the judiciary may have to exercise judicial review. According to Indian journalist Harish Khare, \"The rule of law or rather the Constitution [is] in danger of being supplanted by the rule of judges.\"", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Sartorius muscle", "paragraph_text": "The sartorius muscle (/ sɑːrˈtɔːri. əs /) is the longest muscle in the human body. It is a long, thin, superficial muscle that runs down the length of the thigh in the anterior compartment.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Togo", "paragraph_text": "The highest mountain of the country is the Mont Agou at 986 m above sea level. The longest river is the Mono River with a length of 400 km. It runs from north to south.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "List of U.S. states and territories by coastline", "paragraph_text": "This is a list of U.S. states ranked by their coastline length. Thirty states have a coastline: twenty - three with a coastline on the Arctic, Atlantic, and / or Pacific Ocean, and eight with a Great Lakes coastline; New York has coasts on both. States with no coastline are not included.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Bananal Island", "paragraph_text": "Bananal Island (, ) is a large river island formed from the bisection of the Araguaia River, in southwestern Tocantins, Brazil. The island is formed by a fork in a very flat section of the Araguaia River. Bananal Island is the second largest fluvial island in the world and the largest without an ocean coastline, at long and wide. Its total area is . The rivers within the island flow parallel to the Araguaia, and the Jaburu do Bananal is the longest river within a river.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "State constitution (United States)", "paragraph_text": "Usually, they are much longer than the United States Constitution, which only contains 4,543 words. State constitutions are usually longer than 8,500 - words because they are more detailed regarding the day - to - day relationships between government and the people. The shortest is the Constitution of Vermont, adopted in 1793 and currently 8,295 words long. The longest is Alabama's sixth and current constitution, ratified in 1901, about 345,000 words long. Both the federal and state constitutions are organic texts: they are the fundamental blueprints for the legal and political organizations of the United States and the states, respectively.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Constitution of India", "paragraph_text": "The Constitution of India (IAST: Bhāratīya Saṃvidhāna) is the supreme law of India. The document lays down the framework demarcating fundamental political code, structure, procedures, powers, and duties of government institutions and sets out fundamental rights, directive principles, and the duties of citizens. It is the longest written constitution of any country on earth. B.R. Ambedkar, chairman of the drafting committee, is widely considered to be its chief architect.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Coastline of the United Kingdom", "paragraph_text": "The mapping authority for the United Kingdom, the Ordnance Survey, records the coastline of the main island, Great Britain, as 11,072.76 miles rounding to 11,073 miles (17,820 km). The British Cartographic Society points out that ``The true answer is: it depends! ''. If the larger islands are added, the coastline as measured by the standard method at Mean High Water Mark rises to about 19,491 miles (31,368 km). According to the CIA Factbook, the length of the UK coastline is around 12,429 km or 7,723 miles, although no details are provided about how this figure was calculated. On the basis of EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive boundaries, the UK coastline can be divided into the eastern, Greater North Sea section, which using 1km2 box counts and including islands is 4,994 km, and a western Celtic Seas coastline, which using the same measurement approach and including Northern Ireland is 14,201 km.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Punjab and Haryana High Court", "paragraph_text": "Punjab and Haryana High Court High Court building Established 1919, relocated in 1947 Country India Location Sector 1, Chandigarh Authorized by Constitution of India Decisions are appealed to Supreme Court of India Judge term length mandatory retirement by age of 62 No. of positions 85 (64 permanent, 21 additional) Website http://www.highcourtchd.gov.in/ Chief Justice Currently Shiavax Jal Vazifdar", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Rove Tunnel", "paragraph_text": "The Rove Tunnel is a canal tunnel in France that connected Marseille to the Rhône river. It was opened in 1927 and closed in 1963. With a length of it was a major work of civil engineering and one of the longest such tunnels.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Three Countries Bridge", "paragraph_text": "The Three Countries Bridge (German: Dreiländerbrücke, French: La passerelle des Trois Pays) is an arch bridge which crosses the Rhine between the commune of Huningue (France) and Weil am Rhein (Germany), within the Basel (Switzerland) metropolitan area. It is the world's longest single-span bridge dedicated exclusively to carrying pedestrians and cyclists. Its overall length is and its main span is .", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Soup or Sonic", "paragraph_text": "\"Soup or Sonic\" was directed by Chuck Jones and Phil Monroe. The title is an oronym, a play on the terms \"supersonic\" and 'soup or salad', as one might be offered by a waiter in a restaurant. In comparison to other episodes, this is the longest episode with a length of 9 minutes and 11 seconds.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Constitution of India", "paragraph_text": "The Constitution of India is the supreme law of India. It lays down the framework defining fundamental political principles, establishes the structure, procedures, powers and duties of government institutions and sets out fundamental rights, directive principles and the duties of citizens. It is the longest written constitution of any sovereign country in the world. B.R. Ambedkar, the chairman of the Drafting Committee, is widely considered to be its chief architect.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Geography of Canada", "paragraph_text": "Canada covers 9,984,670 km (3,855,100 sq mi) 9,984,670 km (3,855,103 sq. miles) and a panoply of various geoclimatic regions. There are 8 main regions. Canada also encompasses vast maritime terrain, with the world's longest coastline of 243,042 kilometres (151,019 mi). The physical geography of Canada is widely varied. Boreal forests prevail throughout the country, ice is prominent in northerly Arctic regions and through the Rocky Mountains, and the relatively flat Canadian Prairies in the southwest facilitate productive agriculture. The Great Lakes feed the St. Lawrence River (in the southeast) where lowlands host much of Canada's population.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Heiyantuduwa Raja (elephant)", "paragraph_text": "Heiyantuduwa Raja (Sinhala:හෙයියන්තුඩුවේ රාජා) was a Sri Lankan elephant, which carried the Relic of the tooth of the Buddha casket in the Dalada Perahera for 11 years after the demise of Maligawa Raja. Heiyantuduwa Raja's tusks were each in length when he was living and it was considered as one of the longest-tusked elephants in the country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Coastline of Australia", "paragraph_text": "Coastline length of Australia State / territory Mainland coastline length Island length Total coastline length km mi km mi km mi Australia 35,877 22,293 23,859 14,825 59,736 37,118 Australian Capital Territory - - - - - - Jervis Bay Territory 54 34 1.9 57 35 New South Wales 2,007 1,247 130 81 2,137 1,328 Northern Territory 5,437 3,378 5,516 3,427 10,953 6,806 Queensland 6,973 4,333 6,374 3,961 13,347 8,293 South Australia 3,816 2,371 1,251 777 5,067 3,148 Tasmania 2,833 1,760 2,049 1,273 4,882 3,034 Victoria 1,868 1,161 644 400 2,512 1,561 Western Australia 12,889 8,009 7,892 4,904 20,781 12,913", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Geography of India", "paragraph_text": "India lies on the Indian Plate, the northern portion of the Indo - Australian Plate, whose continental crust forms the Indian subcontinent. The country is situated north of the equator between 8 ° 4 'to 37 ° 6' north latitude and 68 ° 7 'to 97 ° 25' east longitude. It is the seventh - largest country in the world, with a total area of 3,287,469 square kilometres (1,269,299 sq mi). India measures 3,214 km (1,997 mi) from north to south and 2,933 km (1,822 mi) from east to west. It has a land frontier of 15,106.7 km (9,387 mi) and a coastline of 7,516.6 km (4,671 mi).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Indus River", "paragraph_text": "The Indus River (locally called Sindhū) is one of the longest rivers in Asia. Originating in the Tibetan Plateau in the vicinity of Lake Manasarovar, the river runs a course through the Ladakh region of Jammu and Kashmir, towards Gilgit - Baltistan and the Hindukush ranges, and then flows in a southerly direction along the entire length of Pakistan to merge into the Arabian Sea near the port city of Karachi in Sindh. It is the longest river and national river of Pakistan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Greece", "paragraph_text": "Located in Southern Europe, Greece consists of a mountainous, peninsular mainland jutting out into the sea at the southern end of the Balkans, ending at the Peloponnese peninsula (separated from the mainland by the canal of the Isthmus of Corinth) and strategically located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Due to its highly indented coastline and numerous islands, Greece has the 11th longest coastline in the world with 13,676 km (8,498 mi); its land boundary is 1,160 km (721 mi). The country lies approximately between latitudes 34° and 42° N, and longitudes 19° and 30° E, with the extreme points being:", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 26529, "question": "What country has the longest Constitution?", "answer": "India", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 }, { "id": 42793, "question": "what is the length of the coastline of #1", "answer": "7,516.6 km (4,671 mi)", "paragraph_support_idx": 17 } ]

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