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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Jews", "paragraph_text": "Y DNA studies tend to imply a small number of founders in an old population whose members parted and followed different migration paths. In most Jewish populations, these male line ancestors appear to have been mainly Middle Eastern. For example, Ashkenazi Jews share more common paternal lineages with other Jewish and Middle Eastern groups than with non-Jewish populations in areas where Jews lived in Eastern Europe, Germany and the French Rhine Valley. This is consistent with Jewish traditions in placing most Jewish paternal origins in the region of the Middle East. Conversely, the maternal lineages of Jewish populations, studied by looking at mitochondrial DNA, are generally more heterogeneous. Scholars such as Harry Ostrer and Raphael Falk believe this indicates that many Jewish males found new mates from European and other communities in the places where they migrated in the diaspora after fleeing ancient Israel. In contrast, Behar has found evidence that about 40% of Ashkenazi Jews originate maternally from just four female founders, who were of Middle Eastern origin. The populations of Sephardi and Mizrahi Jewish communities \"showed no evidence for a narrow founder effect.\" Subsequent studies carried out by Feder et al. confirmed the large portion of non-local maternal origin among Ashkenazi Jews. Reflecting on their findings related to the maternal origin of Ashkenazi Jews, the authors conclude \"Clearly, the differences between Jews and non-Jews are far larger than those observed among the Jewish communities. Hence, differences between the Jewish communities can be overlooked when non-Jews are included in the comparisons.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Where Love Used to Live", "paragraph_text": "\"Where Love Used to Live\" is a single by American country music artist David Houston. Released in September 1968, it was the first single from his album \"Where Love Used to Live/My Woman's Good to Me\". The song peaked at number 2 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles chart. It also reached number 1 on the \"RPM\" Country Tracks chart in Canada.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Orthodox Judaism outreach (disambiguation)", "paragraph_text": "Orthodox Judaism outreach commonly referred to as Kiruv or Keruv, is the movement of Orthodox Judaism that reaches out to non-Orthodox Jews to practice the Mitzvot in the hope that they will live according to Orthodox Jewish law.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Jews", "paragraph_text": "Throughout history, many rulers, empires and nations have oppressed their Jewish populations or sought to eliminate them entirely. Methods employed ranged from expulsion to outright genocide; within nations, often the threat of these extreme methods was sufficient to silence dissent. The history of antisemitism includes the First Crusade which resulted in the massacre of Jews; the Spanish Inquisition (led by Tomás de Torquemada) and the Portuguese Inquisition, with their persecution and autos-da-fé against the New Christians and Marrano Jews; the Bohdan Chmielnicki Cossack massacres in Ukraine; the Pogroms backed by the Russian Tsars; as well as expulsions from Spain, Portugal, England, France, Germany, and other countries in which the Jews had settled. According to a 2008 study published in the American Journal of Human Genetics, 19.8% of the modern Iberian population has Sephardic Jewish ancestry, indicating that the number of conversos may have been much higher than originally thought.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Hanover", "paragraph_text": "In September 1941, through the \"Action Lauterbacher\" plan, a ghettoisation of the remaining Hanoverian Jewish families began. Even before the Wannsee Conference, on 15 December 1941, the first Jews from Hanover were deported to Riga. A total of 2,400 people were deported, and very few survived. During the war seven concentration camps were constructed in Hanover, in which many Jews were confined. Of the approximately 4,800 Jews who had lived in Hannover in 1938, fewer than 100 were still in the city when troops of the United States Army arrived on 10 April 1945 to occupy Hanover at the end of the war.[citation needed] Today, a memorial at the Opera Square is a reminder of the persecution of the Jews in Hanover. After the war a large group of Orthodox Jewish survivors of the nearby Bergen-Belsen concentration camp settled in Hanover.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Mi Corazoncito", "paragraph_text": "\"Mi Corazoncito\" () is Aventura's second single from their second live album \"K.O.B. Live\". The song reached big recognition in many Spanish-speaking countries and reached number two on the \"Billboard\" Hot Latin Tracks chart.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Religion in Syria", "paragraph_text": "In Syria, Jews of both origins, numbering altogether fewer than 3,000 in 1987, are found. After a mass emigration in 1992, today fewer than 200 Jews live in Syria, mostly in the capital. Syrian Jews are Arabic-speaking and barely distinguishable from the Arabs around them. In Syria, as elsewhere, the degree to which Jews submit to the disciplines of their religion varies.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Jews", "paragraph_text": "Rates of interreligious marriage vary widely: In the United States, it is just under 50%, in the United Kingdom, around 53%; in France; around 30%, and in Australia and Mexico, as low as 10%. In the United States, only about a third of children from intermarriages affiliate with Jewish religious practice. The result is that most countries in the Diaspora have steady or slightly declining religiously Jewish populations as Jews continue to assimilate into the countries in which they live.[citation needed]", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "David Rabeeya", "paragraph_text": "David Rabeeya is an Iraqi Jew born in Baghdad, Iraq. He and his family later moved to Israel in about 1951. In about 1970, he moved to the United States. Over the years, Dr. Rabeeya has taught countless students, in all schooling environments-high school, university, and elementary school. He has grown to accept all different cultures and religions over his lifetime, as an Arab Jew. A prolific author, Dr. Rabeeya has written many books on many subjects, but they tend to focus on the Middle East and the relationship between Jews and other groups. He currently works as a teacher for Middle and High School students.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Jews", "paragraph_text": "Israelites enjoyed political independence twice in ancient history, first during the periods of the Biblical judges followed by the United Monarchy.[disputed – discuss] After the fall of the United Monarchy the land was divided into Israel and Judah. The term Jew originated from the Roman \"Judean\" and denoted someone from the southern kingdom of Judah. The shift of ethnonym from \"Israelites\" to \"Jews\" (inhabitant of Judah), although not contained in the Torah, is made explicit in the Book of Esther (4th century BCE), a book in the Ketuvim, the third section of the Jewish Tanakh. In 587 BC Nebuchadnezzar II, King of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, besieged Jerusalem, destroyed the First Temple, and deported the most prominent citizens of Judah. In 586 BC, Judah itself ceased to be an independent kingdom, and its remaining Jews were left stateless. The Babylonian exile ended in 539 BCE when the Achaemenid Empire conquered Babylon and Cyrus the Great allowed the exiled Jews to return to Yehud and rebuild their Temple. The Second Temple was completed in 515 BCE. Yehud province was a peaceful part of the Achaemenid Empire until the fall of the Empire in c. 333 BCE to Alexander the Great. Jews were also politically independent during the Hasmonean dynasty spanning from 140 to 37 BCE and to some degree under the Herodian dynasty from 37 BCE to 6 CE. Since the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE, most Jews have lived in diaspora. As an ethnic minority in every country in which they live (except Israel), they have frequently experienced persecution throughout history, resulting in a population that has fluctuated both in numbers and distribution over the centuries.[citation needed]", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Israel", "paragraph_text": "Since the existence of the earliest Jewish diaspora, many Jews have aspired to return to \"Zion\" and the \"Land of Israel\", though the amount of effort that should be spent towards such an aim was a matter of dispute. The hopes and yearnings of Jews living in exile are an important theme of the Jewish belief system. After the Jews were expelled from Spain in 1492, some communities settled in Palestine. During the 16th century, Jewish communities struck roots in the Four Holy Cities—Jerusalem, Tiberias, Hebron, and Safed—and in 1697, Rabbi Yehuda Hachasid led a group of 1,500 Jews to Jerusalem. In the second half of the 18th century, Eastern European opponents of Hasidism, known as the Perushim, settled in Palestine.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Israel", "paragraph_text": "Israel has two official languages, Hebrew and Arabic. Hebrew is the primary language of the state and is spoken everyday by the majority of the population, and Arabic is spoken by the Arab minority and Hebrew is taught in Arab schools. English was an official language during the Mandate period; it lost this status after the creation of Israel, but retains a role comparable to that of an official language, as may be seen in road signs and official documents. Many Israelis communicate reasonably well in English, as many television programs are broadcast in English with subtitles and the language is taught from the early grades in elementary school. In addition, Israeli universities offer courses in the English language on various subjects. As a country of immigrants, many languages can be heard on the streets. Due to mass immigration from the former Soviet Union and Ethiopia (some 130,000 Ethiopian Jews live in Israel), Russian and Amharic are widely spoken. More than one million Russian-speaking immigrants arrived in Israel from the former Soviet Union states between 1990 and 2004. French is spoken by around 700,000 Israelis, mostly originating from France and North Africa (see Maghrebi Jews).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Ashkenazi Jews", "paragraph_text": "The origins of the Ashkenazim are obscure, and many theories have arisen speculating about their ultimate provenance. The most well supported theory is the one that details a Jewish migration through what is now Italy and other parts of southern Europe. The historical record attests to Jewish communities in southern Europe since pre-Christian times. Many Jews were denied full Roman citizenship until 212 CE, when Emperor Caracalla granted all free peoples this privilege. Jews were required to pay a poll tax until the reign of Emperor Julian in 363. In the late Roman Empire, Jews were free to form networks of cultural and religious ties and enter into various local occupations. But, after Christianity became the official religion of Rome and Constantinople in 380, Jews were increasingly marginalized.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Luke the Evangelist", "paragraph_text": "Many scholars believe that Luke was a Greek physician who lived in the Greek city of Antioch in Ancient Syria, although some other scholars and theologians think Luke was a Hellenic Jew. Bart Koet stated that it was widely accepted that the theology of Luke -- Acts points to a gentile Christian writing for a gentile audience. Although he concludes that it is more plausible that Luke - Acts is directed to a community made up of both Jewish and gentile Christians, because there is stress on the scriptural roots of the gentile mission (see the use of Isaiah 49, 6 in Luke - Acts). Gregory Sterling claims that he was either a Hellenistic Jew or a god - fearer.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Delain", "paragraph_text": "Despite many delays, Lucidity was released in September 2006, to generally positive reviews. The album spawned three singles: Frozen, See Me In Shadow and The Gathering, and the response to the album allowed Delain to tour in support in the Netherlands and neighbouring countries. Rob van der Loo, Ronald Landa and Sander Zoer were added on bass, guitar and drums respectively to round out the live band.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Julius Madritsch", "paragraph_text": "Julius Madritsch (4 August 1906 – 11 June 1984) was a Viennese Austrian businessman who helped to save the lives of Jews during the Holocaust.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Israel", "paragraph_text": "In 2016, Israel's population was an estimated 8,476,600 million people, of whom 6,345,400 (74.9%) were recorded by the civil government as Jews. 1,760,400 Arabs comprised 20.7% of the population, while non-Arab Christians and people who have no religion listed in the civil registry made up 4.4%. Over the last decade, large numbers of migrant workers from Romania, Thailand, China, Africa, and South America have settled in Israel. Exact figures are unknown, as many of them are living in the country illegally, but estimates run in the region of 203,000. By June 2012, approximately 60,000 African migrants had entered Israel. About 92% of Israelis live in urban areas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Ashkenazi Jews", "paragraph_text": "In Israel, the term Ashkenazi is now used in a manner unrelated to its original meaning, often applied to all Jews who settled in Europe and sometimes including those whose ethnic background is actually Sephardic. Jews of any non-Ashkenazi background, including Mizrahi, Yemenite, Kurdish and others who have no connection with the Iberian Peninsula, have similarly come to be lumped together as Sephardic. Jews of mixed background are increasingly common, partly because of intermarriage between Ashkenazi and non-Ashkenazi, and partly because many do not see such historic markers as relevant to their life experiences as Jews.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Israel", "paragraph_text": "Israel was established as a homeland for the Jewish people and is often referred to as a Jewish state. The country's Law of Return grants all Jews and those of Jewish ancestry the right to Israeli citizenship. Over three quarters, or 75.5%, of the population are Jews from a diversity of Jewish backgrounds. Around 4% of Israelis (300,000), ethnically defined as \"others\", are Russian descendants of Jewish origin or family who are not Jewish according to rabbinical law, but were eligible for Israeli citizenship under the Law of Return. Approximately 75% of Israeli Jews are born in Israel, 17% are immigrants from Europe and the Americas, and 8% are immigrants from Asia and Africa (including the Arab World). Jews from Europe and the former Soviet Union and their descendants born in Israel, including Ashkenazi Jews, constitute approximately 50% of Jewish Israelis. Jews who left or fled Arab and Muslim countries and their descendants, including both Mizrahi and Sephardi Jews, form most of the rest of the Jewish population. Jewish intermarriage rates run at over 35% and recent studies suggest that the percentage of Israelis descended from both Sephardi and Ashkenazi Jews increases by 0.5 percent every year, with over 25% of school children now originating from both communities.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Telman Ismailov", "paragraph_text": "Telman Mardanovich Ismailov (, ; born 26 October 1956) is an Azerbaijani-born businessman and entrepreneur of Mountain Jew origin. Since Azerbaijan does not allow dual citizenship, he holds Russian-Turkish citizenship. He is the chairman of the Russian AST Group of companies, which is active in many countries. Until 2009, Ismailov owned the Europe's then-largest marketplace, Cherkizovsky Market, located in Moscow, Russia.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 106326, "question": "What country released Plumíferos?", "answer": "Argentina", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 21115, "question": "How many Jews live in #1 ?", "answer": "180,000-300,000", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Brooklyn, Washburn County, Wisconsin", "paragraph_text": "Brooklyn is a town in Washburn County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 281 at the 2000 census. The unincorporated community of Lampson is located in the town.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Sophie's Choice (novel)", "paragraph_text": "Sophie's Choice is a 1979 novel by American author William Styron. It concerns the relationships between three people sharing a boarding house in Brooklyn: Stingo, a young aspiring writer from the South, and the Jewish scientist Nathan Landau and his lover Sophie, a Polish Catholic survivor of the German Nazi concentration camps, whom he befriends.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Religion in Israel", "paragraph_text": "Religion in Israel is a central feature of the country and plays a major role in shaping Israeli culture and lifestyle. Religion has played a central role in Israel's history. Israel is also the only country in the world where a majority of citizens are Jewish. According to the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics, the population in 2011 was 75.4% Jewish, 20.6% Arab, and 4.1% minority groups. The religious affiliation of the Israeli population as of 2019 was 74.2% Jewish, 17.8% Muslim, 2.0% Christian, and 1.6% Druze, with the remaining 4.4% including faiths such as Samaritanism and Baha'iism, and irreligious people with no faith.Israel does not have a constitution. While the Basic Laws of Israel that serve in place of a constitution define the country as a \"Jewish state\", these Basic Laws, coupled with Knesset statutes, decisions of the Supreme Court of Israel, and various elements of the common law current in Israel, offer some protection for free practice of religion in the country. Pew Research Center has identified Israel as one of the countries that places \"high\" restrictions on religion, and there have been limits placed on non-Orthodox streams of Judaism. Legal accommodation of the non-Jewish communities follows the pattern and practice of the Ottoman and British administrations, with some important modifications. Israeli law officially recognizes five religions, all belonging to the Abrahamic family of religions: Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Druzeism, and the Bahá'í Faith. Furthermore, the law formally recognizes ten separate sects of Christianity: the Roman, Armenian, Maronite, Greek, Syriac, and Chaldean Catholic Churches; the Eastern Orthodox Greek Orthodox Church; the Oriental Orthodox Syriac Orthodox Church; the Armenian Apostolic Church; and Anglicanism.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Upper Brooklyn", "paragraph_text": "Upper Brooklyn or Brooklyn Heights is a neighborhood on South Hill in Minot, North Dakota. The neighborhood consists of the sections of the Brooklyn Addition that are not part of Downtown Minot. The High Third neighborhood, the Lower Brooklyn neighborhood and the area around the Minot Municipal Auditorium, which were part of the Brooklyn Addition, are considered part of the downtown area. Upper Brooklyn is bordered by downtown and the BNSF railroad tracks to the north, Minot High School's Magic City Campus to the west, Eleventh Avenue SW to the south and South Broadway and Lower Brooklyn to the east. The neighborhood is approximately 0.46 square kilometers. The neighborhood is home to the Scandinavian Heritage Park and Jim Hill Middle School.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Willington, South Carolina", "paragraph_text": "Willington is a census-designated place (CDP) in McCormick County, South Carolina, United States. The population was 177 at the 2000 census.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Alex Katz", "paragraph_text": "Alex Katz was born July 24, 1927 to a Jewish family in Brooklyn, New York, as the son of an émigré who had lost a factory he owned in Russia to the Soviet revolution. In 1928 the family moved to St. Albans, Queens, where Katz grew up.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Alhambra, Montana", "paragraph_text": "Alhambra is a populated place in Jefferson County, Montana, United States. It is a subdivision about a mile south of Clancy and shares a postal code (59634) with that town. Alhambra is part of the Helena Micropolitan Area, and its population is counted within the Clancy census-designated place.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Red Bank, South Carolina", "paragraph_text": "Red Bank is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lexington County, South Carolina, United States. The population was 8,811 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Columbia, South Carolina Metropolitan Statistical Area", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Brooklyn Bridge (TV series)", "paragraph_text": "Brooklyn Bridge is an American television program which aired on CBS between 1991 and 1993. It is about a Jewish American family living in Brooklyn in the middle 1950s. The premise was partially based on the childhood of executive producer and creator Gary David Goldberg.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Brooklyn South", "paragraph_text": "The focus for \"Brooklyn South\" was the 74th Precinct in southern Brooklyn, New York City. Francis \"Frank\" Donovan (Jon Tenney) was the patrol sergeant who presided every day over the morning shift assignments he gave to the uniformed officers. Donovan was an informant for the hated Internal Affairs Bureau (IAB), and secretly reported to Lt. Stan Jonas (James B. Sikking), who, early in the series, transferred from being an IAB officer to the precinct captain after the officious Captain Lou Zerola (Bradford English) transferred to precinct maintenance. It was later revealed in the season that Donovan became an undercover informant 15 years earlier for IAB to protect his father, a retired cop living in Florida, from indictment for corruption.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Jews", "paragraph_text": "Since at least the time of the Ancient Greeks, a proportion of Jews have assimilated into the wider non-Jewish society around them, by either choice or force, ceasing to practice Judaism and losing their Jewish identity. Assimilation took place in all areas, and during all time periods, with some Jewish communities, for example the Kaifeng Jews of China, disappearing entirely. The advent of the Jewish Enlightenment of the 18th century (see Haskalah) and the subsequent emancipation of the Jewish populations of Europe and America in the 19th century, accelerated the situation, encouraging Jews to increasingly participate in, and become part of, secular society. The result has been a growing trend of assimilation, as Jews marry non-Jewish spouses and stop participating in the Jewish community.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Jews in New York City", "paragraph_text": "Jews in New York City comprise approximately 13 percent of the city's population, making the Jewish community the largest in the world outside of Israel. As of 2014, 1.1 million Jews live in the five boroughs of New York City, and 1.75 million Jews live in New York state overall. Jews have immigrated to New York City since the first settlement in Dutch New Amsterdam in 1654, most notably at the end of the 19th century to the early 20th century, when the Jewish population rose from about 80,000 in 1880 to 1.5 million in 1920. The large Jewish population has led to a significant impact on the culture of New York City. After many decades of decline in the 20th century, the Jewish population of New York City has seen a sharp increase in the 21st century owing to the high birth rate of the Hasidic and Orthodox communities.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Paris", "paragraph_text": "During the Middle Ages, Paris was a center of Jewish learning with famous Talmudic scholars, such as Yechiel of Paris who took part in the Disputation of Paris between Christian and Jewish intellectuals. The Parisian Jewish community was victim of persecution, alternating expulsions and returns, until France became the first country in Europe to emancipate its Jewish population during the French Revolution. Although 75% of the Jewish population in France survived the Holocaust during World War II, half the city's Jewish population perished in Nazi concentration camps, while some others fled abroad. A large migration of North Africa Sephardic Jews settled Paris in the 1960s, and represent most of the Paris Jewish community today. There are currently 83 synagogues in the city; The Marais-quarter Agoudas Hakehilos Synagogue, built in 1913 by architect Hector Guimard, is a Paris landmark.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Startex, South Carolina", "paragraph_text": "Startex is a census-designated place (CDP) in Spartanburg County, South Carolina, United States. The population was 859 at the 2010 census.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Close Harmony (1981 film)", "paragraph_text": "Close Harmony is a 1981 American short documentary film directed by Nigel Noble, which won the Academy Award for Best Documentary (Short Subject) at the 54th Academy Awards. The film chronicles a how a children's choir of 4th- and 5th-graders at the Brooklyn Friends School and elderly retirees at a Brooklyn Jewish seniors' center combine to give an annual joint concert.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Jews", "paragraph_text": "Studies of autosomal DNA, which look at the entire DNA mixture, have become increasingly important as the technology develops. They show that Jewish populations have tended to form relatively closely related groups in independent communities, with most in a community sharing significant ancestry in common. For Jewish populations of the diaspora, the genetic composition of Ashkenazi, Sephardi, and Mizrahi Jewish populations show a predominant amount of shared Middle Eastern ancestry. According to Behar, the most parsimonious explanation for this shared Middle Eastern ancestry is that it is \"consistent with the historical formulation of the Jewish people as descending from ancient Hebrew and Israelite residents of the Levant\" and \"the dispersion of the people of ancient Israel throughout the Old World\". North African, Italian and others of Iberian origin show variable frequencies of admixture with non-Jewish historical host populations among the maternal lines. In the case of Ashkenazi and Sephardi Jews (in particular Moroccan Jews), who are closely related, the source of non-Jewish admixture is mainly southern European, while Mizrahi Jews show evidence of admixture with other Middle Eastern populations and Sub-Saharan Africans. Behar et al. have remarked on an especially close relationship of Ashkenazi Jews and modern Italians.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Jews", "paragraph_text": "Y DNA studies tend to imply a small number of founders in an old population whose members parted and followed different migration paths. In most Jewish populations, these male line ancestors appear to have been mainly Middle Eastern. For example, Ashkenazi Jews share more common paternal lineages with other Jewish and Middle Eastern groups than with non-Jewish populations in areas where Jews lived in Eastern Europe, Germany and the French Rhine Valley. This is consistent with Jewish traditions in placing most Jewish paternal origins in the region of the Middle East. Conversely, the maternal lineages of Jewish populations, studied by looking at mitochondrial DNA, are generally more heterogeneous. Scholars such as Harry Ostrer and Raphael Falk believe this indicates that many Jewish males found new mates from European and other communities in the places where they migrated in the diaspora after fleeing ancient Israel. In contrast, Behar has found evidence that about 40% of Ashkenazi Jews originate maternally from just four female founders, who were of Middle Eastern origin. The populations of Sephardi and Mizrahi Jewish communities \"showed no evidence for a narrow founder effect.\" Subsequent studies carried out by Feder et al. confirmed the large portion of non-local maternal origin among Ashkenazi Jews. Reflecting on their findings related to the maternal origin of Ashkenazi Jews, the authors conclude \"Clearly, the differences between Jews and non-Jews are far larger than those observed among the Jewish communities. Hence, differences between the Jewish communities can be overlooked when non-Jews are included in the comparisons.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Cane Savannah, South Carolina", "paragraph_text": "Cane Savannah is a census-designated place (CDP) in Sumter County, South Carolina, United States. The population was 1,452 at the 2000 census. It is included in the Sumter, South Carolina Metropolitan Statistical Area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Bertram Wolfe", "paragraph_text": "Bertram Wolfe was born January 19, 1896, in Brooklyn, New York. His mother was a native-born American and his father was an ethnic Jewish immigrant from Germany who had arrived in the United States as a boy of 13.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Pymatuning South, Pennsylvania", "paragraph_text": "Pymatuning South is a census-designated place (CDP) in Crawford County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 479 at the 2010 census.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 136390, "question": "Which place is Brooklyn South in?", "answer": "New York City", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 }, { "id": 48224, "question": "what is the jewish population of #1", "answer": "1.1 million", "paragraph_support_idx": 11 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Jacob Gaón", "paragraph_text": "The Gaóns were a Jewish family in Vitoria, Álava, today in the autonomous community of the Basque Country, Spain. In the 15th century, several of them collected taxes for the kings of Castile.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Matthews, Wright & King", "paragraph_text": "Matthews, Wright & King was an American country music group formed in 1991. The band, Raymond Matthews (born October 13, 1956), Woody Wright (born October 10, 1957) and Tony King (born June 27, 1957), was put together by Columbia Records producer Larry Strickland after Shenandoah left the label, as an attempt to keep a viable country band on that label. Wright had previously been in another band called Memphis.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "From a Jack to a King", "paragraph_text": "``From a Jack to a King ''is a country music song. Originally a crossover hit for artist Ned Miller, who also wrote`` Dark Moon,'' ``A Falling Star, ''and many other country songs. It has been covered extensively by country music artists.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "King Khalid Foundation", "paragraph_text": "The King Khalid Foundation is a charitable organization established in Saudi Arabia in 2001 by the family of the late King Khalid, who ruled the country from 1975 until his death in 1982.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Without the King", "paragraph_text": "Without the King is a 2007 documentary film by Michael Skolnik, an American filmmaker. It follows problems of Swaziland, a landlocked country in southern Africa.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Glasses", "paragraph_text": "The first eyeglasses were made in Northern Italy, most likely in Pisa, by about 1290: In a sermon delivered on 23 February 1306, the Dominican friar Giordano da Pisa (ca. 1255 -- 1311) wrote ``It is not yet twenty years since there was found the art of making eyeglasses, which make for good vision... And it is so short a time that this new art, never before extant, was discovered... I saw the one who first discovered and practiced it, and I talked to him. ''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "John de Bohun, 5th Earl of Hereford", "paragraph_text": "John de Bohun, 5th Earl of Hereford (23 November 1306 – 20 January 1336) was born in St Clement's, Oxford to Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford and Elizabeth of Rhuddlan, a daughter of Edward I of England.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "René de Brosse", "paragraph_text": "René de Brosse, also René de Bretagne was the elder son of Jean III de Brosse and Louise de Laval. He was killed at the Battle of Pavia on 24 February 1525.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Battle of Bulgnéville", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Bulgnéville was fought on 2 July 1431. The battle was fought between two cousins, René I d'Anjou and Antoine de Vaudémont, over partition of the Duchy of Lorraine after the death of Duke Charles II. Although René was defeated and captured, the result was reversed by diplomatic means in the years following.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "History of Scotland", "paragraph_text": "Rivals John Comyn and Robert the Bruce, grandson of the claimant, were appointed as joint guardians in his place. On 10 February 1306, Bruce participated in the murder of Comyn, at Greyfriars Kirk in Dumfries. Less than seven weeks later, on 25 March, Bruce was crowned as King. However, Edward's forces overran the country after defeating Bruce's small army at the Battle of Methven. Despite the excommunication of Bruce and his followers by Pope Clement V, his support slowly strengthened; and by 1314 with the help of leading nobles such as Sir James Douglas and Thomas Randolph only the castles at Bothwell and Stirling remained under English control. Edward I had died in 1307. His heir Edward II moved an army north to break the siege of Stirling Castle and reassert control. Robert defeated that army at the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314, securing de facto independence. In 1320 the Declaration of Arbroath, a remonstrance to the Pope from the nobles of Scotland, helped convince Pope John XXII to overturn the earlier excommunication and nullify the various acts of submission by Scottish kings to English ones so that Scotland's sovereignty could be recognised by the major European dynasties. The Declaration has also been seen as one of the most important documents in the development of a Scottish national identity.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Prince René of Bourbon-Parma", "paragraph_text": "Prince René of Bourbon-Parma (17 October 1894 – 30 July 1962) was the seventh surviving son of Robert I, Duke of Parma, and his second wife, Infanta Maria Antonia of Portugal. In 1921, he married Princess Margaret of Denmark. They had four children including Queen Anne of Romania, the wife of Michael I, former King of Romania.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Don't Play Me Cheap", "paragraph_text": "Don't Play Me Cheap is a 1963 album by Ike & Tina Turner. It was arranged by Jesse Herring and René Hall.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Tabiry", "paragraph_text": "Tabiry was the daughter of Alara of Nubia and his wife Kasaqa and the wife of King Piye. She held some interesting titles: Main King’s Wife, first of her majesty (\"hmt niswt 'at tpit n hm.f\") (the only other queen to hold the Main King's Wife title was Nefertiti) and “The Great One of the Foreign Country” (\"ta-aat-khesut\"). She also holds the more standard titles of King's Wife (\"hmt niswt\"), King's Daughter (\"s3t niswt\"), and King's Sister (\"snt niswt\").", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Battle of Methven", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Methven took place at Methven, Scotland on 19 June 1306, during the Wars of Scottish Independence. The battlefield was researched to be included in the Inventory of Historic Battlefields in Scotland and protected by Historic Scotland under the Scottish Historical Environment Policy of 2009 but was excluded due to the uncertainty of its location.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "René Marie", "paragraph_text": "René Marie (born René Marie Stevens, November 7, 1955 in Warrenton, Virginia, United States) is an American songwriter and jazz vocalist.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Alberto II della Scala", "paragraph_text": "Alberto II della Scala (1306 – 13 September 1352) was lord of Verona from 1329 until his death. He was a member of the famous Scaliger family of northern Italy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "The King Is Gone (So Are You)", "paragraph_text": "``The King Is Gone (So Are You) ''is a novelty song written by Roger D. Ferris and recorded by American country singer George Jones.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Rule of law", "paragraph_text": "In 1776, the notion that no one is above the law was popular during the founding of the United States. For example, Thomas Paine wrote in his pamphlet Common Sense that ``in America, the law is king. For as in absolute governments the King is law, so in free countries the law ought to be king; and there ought to be no other. ''In 1780, John Adams enshrined this principle in the Massachusetts Constitution by seeking to establish`` a government of laws and not of men.''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Kavanagh (surname)", "paragraph_text": "Kavanagh Caomhánach Parent house Uí Ceinnselaig of Laigin Country Ireland Founder Domhnall Caomhánach King of Leinster (1171 -- 1175) Current head Joe Kavanagh Inaugurated 10 June 2018 Final ruler Domhnall Spainneach King of Leinster (1595 -- 1632) Titles King of Leinster", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Hungry Jack's", "paragraph_text": "Hungry Jack's Pty Ltd is the exclusive Australian master fast food franchise of Burger King Corporation. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Competitive Foods Australia, a privately held company owned by Jack Cowin. Hungry Jack's owns and operates or sub-licences all of the Burger King / Hungry Jack's restaurants in Australia. As the master franchise for the country, the company is responsible for licensing new operators, opening its own stores and performing standards oversight of franchised locations in that country. With over 390 locations across Australia, Hungry Jack's is the second largest franchise of Burger King in the world (second to Carrols Corporation).", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 104567, "question": "Which country was René Panhard in?", "answer": "France", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 56424, "question": "who was the king of #1 in 1306", "answer": "Philip IV", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Washington National Cathedral", "paragraph_text": "The Cathedral Church of Saint Peter and Saint Paul in the City and Diocese of Washington, commonly known as Washington National Cathedral, is a cathedral of the Episcopal Church located in Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States. The structure is of Neo-Gothic design closely modeled on English Gothic style of the late fourteenth century. It is both the second - largest church building in the United States, and the fourth - tallest structure in Washington, D.C. The cathedral is the seat of both the Presiding Bishop of the Episcopal Church, Michael Bruce Curry, and the Bishop of the Diocese of Washington, Mariann Edgar Budde. Over 270,000 people visit the structure annually.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "List of tallest buildings in Baltimore", "paragraph_text": "This list of tallest buildings in Baltimore ranks skyscrapers and high - rises in the U.S. city of Baltimore, Maryland by height. The tallest building in Baltimore is the 40 - story Transamerica Tower, which rises 529 feet (161 m) and was completed in 1973. It also stands as the tallest building in the state of Maryland and the tallest building on the East Coast between Philadelphia and Raleigh, after the RBC Plaza was built in 2008. The second - tallest building in the city and the state is the Bank of America Building (10 Light Street), which is 509 feet (155 m) high.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Ascraeus Mons", "paragraph_text": "Ascraeus Mons is a large shield volcano located in the Tharsis region of the planet Mars. It is the northernmost and tallest of three shield volcanoes collectively known as the Tharsis Montes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "InterContinental Warsaw", "paragraph_text": "InterContinental Warsaw, designed by a team of architects under the leadership of the late Tadeusz Spychała, is a five-star hotel in Warsaw, located between Emilia Plater, Śliska, and Sosnowa streets. Its construction started in 2001 and ended in November 2003. It is the tallest hotel in Poland, the third-tallest in Europe, and one of the tallest 5-star hotels in the world.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Cathedral of La Plata", "paragraph_text": "The Cathedral of La Plata in La Plata, Argentina, dedicated to the Immaculate Conception, is the 58th tallest church in the world. This Neogothic edifice is located in the geographical center of the city, facing the central square, Plaza Moreno, and the City Hall.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "List of tallest buildings and structures", "paragraph_text": "The world's tallest artificial structure is the 829.8 m (2,722 ft) tall Burj Khalifa in Dubai (of the United Arab Emirates). The building gained the official title of ``Tallest Building in the World ''and the tallest self supported structure at its opening on January 9, 2010. The second tallest self - supporting structure and the tallest tower is the Tokyo Skytree. The tallest guyed structure is the KVLY - TV mast.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Inco Superstack", "paragraph_text": "The Inco Superstack in Sudbury, Ontario, with a height of , is the tallest chimney in Canada and the Western hemisphere, and the second tallest freestanding chimney in the world after the GRES-2 Power Station in Kazakhstan. It is also the second tallest freestanding structure of any type in Canada, behind the CN Tower but ahead of First Canadian Place. It is the 40th tallest freestanding structure in the world. The Superstack is located on top of the largest nickel smelting operation in the world at Vale Inco's Copper Cliff processing facility in the city of Greater Sudbury.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Silver Star (roller coaster)", "paragraph_text": "Silver Star is a roller coaster located at Europa-Park, a theme park in Rust, Germany. The coaster has a height of and a drop of 67 meters (220 ft), placing it in the hyper coaster category. Although it is one of Bolliger & Mabillard's tallest coasters, it was surpassed as the tallest in Europe by \"\" at PortAventura Park in 2012 (both were surpassed by Leviathan at Canada's Wonderland and Fury 325 at Carowinds in 2015, which are the tallest coasters Bolliger and Mabillard has ever built to date). \"Silver Star\" has 3 trains which seat 36 people each, giving an hourly capacity of 1,750 passengers. This hypercoaster is situated in the French area of Europa Park and is sponsored by Mercedes-Benz.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Hyperion Tower", "paragraph_text": "The Hyperion Tower (Korean: 하이페리온 타워), also known as the Mok-dong Hyperion Towers, is a group of three buildings located in the Yangcheon-gu district of Seoul, South Korea, completed in 2003. The tallest of which, Tower A, is 69 storeys and 256 metres (840 feet) high, making it the second tallest building in Seoul and the world's 214th tallest building. The towers are used as residential housing. Tower A is the world's 19th tallest residential building. Below the building is the Hyundai Department store, a chain of high end department stores in South Korea. At the time of its completion, the building was the tallest in the country but was surpassed by Samsung Tower Palace 3 – Tower G in 2004.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "City Center Square", "paragraph_text": "City Center Square is a skyscraper in downtown Kansas City, Missouri, built by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, in the Spring of 1977. It occupies the entire block of 11th Street to 12th Street, and from Main Street to Baltimore Street. It's tower is 30 stories tall, constructed with a reinforced concrete structure evident by the look of the exterior. It is the tenth-tallest habitable structure in the Kansas City Metropolitan Area, and the fifteenth-tallest habitable structure in Missouri at .", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Star City Bridge", "paragraph_text": "The Edith B. Barill Bridge, more commonly known as the Star City Bridge, was completed in 2004 and connects Star City, West Virginia with Interstate 79 and western Monongalia County. The bridge serves as a primary means of access to the north side of Morgantown.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Houston", "paragraph_text": "In the 1960s, Downtown Houston consisted of a collection of mid-rise office structures. Downtown was on the threshold of an energy industry–led boom in 1970. A succession of skyscrapers were built throughout the 1970s—many by real estate developer Gerald D. Hines—culminating with Houston's tallest skyscraper, the 75-floor, 1,002-foot (305 m)-tall JPMorgan Chase Tower (formerly the Texas Commerce Tower), completed in 1982. It is the tallest structure in Texas, 15th tallest building in the United States, and the 85th tallest skyscraper in the world, based on highest architectural feature. In 1983, the 71-floor, 992-foot (302 m)-tall Wells Fargo Plaza (formerly Allied Bank Plaza) was completed, becoming the second-tallest building in Houston and Texas. Based on highest architectural feature, it is the 17th tallest in the United States and the 95th tallest in the world. In 2007, downtown Houston had over 43 million square feet (4,000,000 m²) of office space.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "99 West", "paragraph_text": "99 West City Creek condominium tower (originally known as Promontory on South Temple) is a residential condominium building in the City Creek development in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States. The building rises tall, making it the third-tallest building in Salt Lake City, and contains 30 floors. Construction was completed before the official grand opening of the City Creek mall. The tower contains 185 individually-owned residential units.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "900 Biscayne Bay", "paragraph_text": "900 Biscayne Bay is a skyscraper in Miami, Florida, United States. It is located in northeastern Downtown, on Biscayne Bay along the west side of Biscayne Boulevard. It opened for residential occupancy in early 2008. The tower is tall and has 63 floors. The building currently stands as the 4th-tallest building in Miami and in the state of Florida, behind the Four Seasons Hotel Miami, Southeast Financial Center and Marquis Miami. It also stands as tallest all-residential building in the city and the state. 900 Biscayne Bay is located across the street from Ten Museum Park, another recently completed Miami residential high-rise, near Museum Park and American Airlines Arena in northern Biscayne Boulevard. It is also adjacent to the Park West Metromover station. Originally planned to rise 712 feet (217 m) and 65 floors, the building went through a height reduction during its construction, with a decorative rooftop spire and two floors being removed from the final plans.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Kintla Peak", "paragraph_text": "Kintla Peak () is part of the Livingston Range in Glacier National Park in the U.S. state of Montana. It is the tallest mountain in the Livingston Range and the third tallest in Glacier National Park. The Agassiz Glacier lies below it to the southeast.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Torre Insignia", "paragraph_text": "Torre Insignia (also called Torre Banobras and the Nonoalco Tlatelolco Tower) is a building designed by Mario Pani Darqui which is located on the corner of Avenida Ricardo Flores Magnon and Avenida de los Insurgentes Norte, in the Tlateloco housing complex in Cuauhtémoc in Mexico City. At its completion in 1962, the tower became the second tallest building in Mexico after the Torre Latinoamericana. The tower is not currently in use and is being renovated. It is the tallest building in the Tlatelolco area and the third highest in the Avenida Insurgentes. The building housed the headquarters of Banobras. The building has a pyramid shape and was built with a reinforced concrete frame. It has been remodeled at least twice and is one of the most important buildings in the city, besides having the tallest carillon in the world; there are 47 bells made by Petit & Fritsen.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Heron Tower", "paragraph_text": "Designed by architects Kohn Pedersen Fox, the height of 110 Bishopsgate was planned to be only 183 m, identical to that of Tower 42, the City of London's then tallest building since 1980.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "3300 North Central Avenue", "paragraph_text": "3300 North Central Avenue (also known as 3300 Tower) is a high-rise located along Central Avenue in Uptown Phoenix, Arizona, United States. The tower rises 27 floors and in height. Designed by Skidmore, Owings and Merrill, 3300 North Central Avenue was built in 1980. Upon completion, it stood as the fourth-tallest building in Phoenix and the tallest building outside of Downtown Phoenix. Today, it stands as the 12th-tallest building in the city.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Effingham, Illinois", "paragraph_text": "Effingham is a city in and the county seat of Effingham County, Illinois, United States. Effingham is in Southern Illinois. Its population was 12,604 at the 2015 census estimate. The city is part of the Effingham, IL Micropolitan Statistical Area. Effingham is home to a 198 foot tall cross, The Cross at the Crossroads. The cross is the tallest cross in the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "List of tallest buildings in Xiamen", "paragraph_text": "This list of tallest buildings in Xiamen ranks skyscrapers in the southeastern coastal city of Xiamen, China by height. Xiamen is sub-provincial city under Fujian province it became one of China's earliest Special Economic Zones in the 1980s. The tallest building in Xiamen is currently Xiamen International Centre which rises 339.88 m.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 131025, "question": "What state is Star City Bridge located?", "answer": "West Virginia", "paragraph_support_idx": 10 }, { "id": 83296, "question": "what is the tallest bridge in #1", "answer": "the New River Gorge Bridge", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "New Amsterdam", "paragraph_text": "New Amsterdam (Dutch: Nieuw Amsterdam) was a 17th - century Dutch settlement established at the southern tip of Manhattan Island that served as the seat of the colonial government in New Netherland. The factorij became a settlement outside Fort Amsterdam. The fort was situated on the strategic southern tip of the island of Manhattan and was meant to defend the fur trade operations of the Dutch West India Company in the North River (Hudson River). In 1624, it became a provincial extension of the Dutch Republic and was designated as the capital of the province in 1625.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Gaston Thierry", "paragraph_text": "Gaston Thierry (born 17 July 1866 in Munich, † 16 September 1904 near Mubi) was a German officer and civil servant in Togo and Cameroon.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Playa Balandra", "paragraph_text": "Playa Balandra is a beach located on the Baja California Sur peninsula of Mexico in La Paz. It is located on the Eastern side of the peninsula, but faces west, as the southern tip comes up.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Sonning Eye", "paragraph_text": "Sonning Eye is a hamlet on the River Thames in the Sonning Common ward of South Oxfordshire, England, in the civil parish of Eye & Dunsden (one of its four small settlements), at what is since 1974 the southernmost tip of Oxfordshire.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Cape James", "paragraph_text": "Cape James is a cape which forms the southern tip of Smith Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The name appears on a chart based upon the 1828–31 British naval expedition under Captain Henry Foster, and is now well established in international usage.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Dothan High School", "paragraph_text": "Dothan Preparatory Academy is located in Dothan, Alabama, USA. It is located on U.S. Highway 231 inside Ross Clark Circle, about north of the southern tip of Ross Clark Circle. The junior high school district roughly runs down U.S. Highway 84, which runs east to west through the heart of Dothan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Les Oubliées", "paragraph_text": "Les Oubliées (The forgotten women) is a 1996 documentary film directed by Anne-Laure Folly of Togo and shot in Angola.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Cape Jones", "paragraph_text": "Cape Jones () is the cape lying immediately southeast of Mount Lubbock and marking the southern tip of the Daniell Peninsula in Victoria Land, Antarctica. It was discovered in January 1841 by Sir James Clark Ross who named it for Captain William Jones, Royal Navy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Lac-Blanc, Quebec", "paragraph_text": "Lac-Blanc is an unorganized territory in the Capitale-Nationale region of Quebec, Canada, in the north-east of the Portneuf Regional County Municipality. This unorganized territory covers 567.80 km ². The main lake, designated \"White Lake\" has the shape of a fine, oriented north-south. The discharge of this lake is on the southern tip, where it flows into the White River.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Swimming Reindeer", "paragraph_text": "The Swimming Reindeer is the name given to a 13,000-year-old Magdalenian sculpture of two swimming reindeer conserved in the British Museum. The sculpture was made in what is now modern-day France by an unknown artist who carved the artwork from the tip of a mammoth tusk. The sculpture was found in two pieces in 1866, but it was not until the early 20th century that Abbé Henri Breuil realised that the two pieces fit together to form a single sculpture of two reindeer swimming nose-to-tail.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Portland Island (British Columbia)", "paragraph_text": "Portland Island is an island in the Southern Gulf Islands of the South Coast of British Columbia, Canada. It is located west of Moresby Island and off the south tip of Saltspring Island, adjacent to the main BC Ferries route just offshore from the terminal at Swartz Bay at the tip of the Saanich Peninsula. Portland Island was given to Princess Margaret in 1958 to commemorate her visit to the province. Princess Margaret returned the island to British Columbia in 1967, after which point it became a provincial park. Today, Portland Island is a part of Gulf Islands National Park Reserve (GINPR).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Strecker's chorus frog", "paragraph_text": "Strecker's chorus frog (\"Pseudacris strecker\") is a species of nocturnal tree frog native to the south central United States, from southern Kansas, through Oklahoma and east to Arkansas, the northwestern tip of Louisiana and south throughouth much of Texas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Belousov Point", "paragraph_text": "Belousov Point () is an ice-covered headland forming the southern tip of the Anderson Peninsula, located just north of the terminus of Suvorov Glacier, situated in Victoria Land, Antarctica. The geographical headland was first mapped by the Soviet Antarctic Expedition of 1958 and named for the Soviet polar captain Mikhail P. Belousov, 1904–46. The headland lies on the Pennell Coast, a portion of Antarctica lying between Cape Williams and Cape Adare.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "First Mass in the Philippines", "paragraph_text": "The first Catholic Mass in the Philippines was held on March 31, 1521, Easter Sunday. It was said by Father Pedro de Valderrama along the shores of Limasawa at the tip of Southern Leyte. Limasawa is this popularly known as the birthplace of the Church in the Philippines.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Jabur", "paragraph_text": "Jabur, alternately Jabor (Chinese: 雅姆), is a small town in the southern tip of Terengganu, Malaysia. It is situated in Kemaman constituency, near the Terengganu-Pahang border.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Taifa of Tavira", "paragraph_text": "The Taifa of Tavira was a medieval taifa Moorish kingdom in what is now southern Portugal. It existed only from around 1146 to 1150.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Martin Aku", "paragraph_text": "Martin Aku (September 2, 1913 in Lomé, Togo – June 17, 1970 in Lomé) was a Togolese politician who served in the French National Assembly from 1946-1951 .", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "South Ferry (Manhattan)", "paragraph_text": "South Ferry is at the southern tip of Manhattan Island in New York City and is the embarkation point for ferries to Staten Island (Staten Island Ferry, through the Staten Island Ferry Whitehall Terminal) and Governors Island. Battery Park, abutting South Ferry on the west, has docking areas for ferries to Liberty Island and Ellis Island. Its name is derived from an historical ferry company which provided service to Brooklyn, run by the South Ferry Company.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Amundsen Sea", "paragraph_text": "The Amundsen Sea, an arm of the Southern Ocean off Marie Byrd Land in western Antarctica, lies between Cape Flying Fish (the northwestern tip of Thurston Island) to the east and Cape Dart on Siple Island to the west. Cape Flying Fish marks the boundary between the Amundsen Sea and the Bellingshausen Sea. West of Cape Dart there is no named marginal sea of the Southern Ocean between the Amundsen and Ross Seas. The Norwegian expedition of 1928–1929 under Captain Nils Larsen named the body of water for the Norwegian polar explorer Roald Amundsen while exploring this area in February 1929.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "South Korea", "paragraph_text": "South Korea occupies the southern portion of the Korean Peninsula, which extends some 1,100 km (680 mi) from the Asian mainland. This mountainous peninsula is flanked by the Yellow Sea to the west, and the Sea of Japan to the east. Its southern tip lies on the Korea Strait and the East China Sea.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 100331, "question": "The continent that Togo is on is what?", "answer": "Africa", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 85374, "question": "what is the name of the southern tip of #1", "answer": "Cape Agulhas", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "The Long Voyage Home", "paragraph_text": "The Long Voyage Home is a 1940 American drama film directed by John Ford. It stars John Wayne, Thomas Mitchell and Ian Hunter. It also features Barry Fitzgerald, Wilfrid Lawson, John Qualen, Mildred Natwick, and Ward Bond, among others.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "European Free Alliance", "paragraph_text": "In 1981 six parties (VU, the Frisian National Party, Independent Fianna Fáil, the Party of German-speaking Belgians, the Party for the Organization of a Free Brittany and the Alsace-Lorraine National Association), plus three observers (the Union of the Corsican People, UPC, the Occitan Party and the Democratic Convergence of Catalonia, CDC), joined forces to form the European Free Alliance. Regionalist MEPs continued, however, to sit in different groups also after the 1984 election: the SNP in the Gaullist-dominated European Democratic Alliance; the VU, the Sardinian Action Party (PSd'Az) and Basque Solidarity (EA) in the Rainbow Group, together with Green parties; the SVP in the European People's Party group; the CDC with the Liberal Democrats; and Batasuna among Non-Inscrits.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Smoking age", "paragraph_text": "The smoking age is the minimum legal age required to purchase or smoke tobacco products. In almost all countries citizens are eligible to buy tobacco products when they turn 18. Most countries have laws that restrict those below a minimum age from legally purchasing tobacco products.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Kazakhstan", "paragraph_text": "With an area of 2,700,000 square kilometres (1,000,000 sq mi) – equivalent in size to Western Europe – Kazakhstan is the ninth-largest country and largest landlocked country in the world. While it was part of the Soviet Union, Kazakhstan lost some of its territory to China's Xinjiang autonomous region and some to Uzbekistan's Karakalpakstan autonomous republic.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Bill Loxton", "paragraph_text": "Wilfrid William Loxton (20 January 1909 – 2 November 1992), known as Bill Loxton, was a British Royal Air Force pilot during the Battle of Britain.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Thursday's Child (1943 film)", "paragraph_text": "Thursday's Child is a 1943 British, black-and-white, comedy, drama, directed by Rodney Ackland and starring Ronald Shiner as Joe, Stewart Granger and Wilfrid Lawson. It was produced by John Argyle and Associated British Picture Corporation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Wilfrid Wilson Gibson", "paragraph_text": "Wilfrid Wilson Gibson (2 October 1878 – 26 May 1962) was a British Georgian poet, associated with World War I but also the author of much later work.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Visa requirements for Indian citizens", "paragraph_text": "Visa requirements for Indian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of India. As of 1 January 2017, Indian citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 49 countries and territories, ranking the Indian passport 87th in terms of travel freedom (tied with Guinea - Bissauan and Turkmen passports) according to the Henley visa restrictions index. Visitors engaging in activities other than tourism, including unpaid work, require a visa or work permit except for Nepal and Bhutan. Indian citizens who are not natives of the following states also require an Inner Line Permit (ILP) if they are travelling to Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, or Mizoram. ILPs can be obtained online or at the airports of these states on arrival.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Female genital mutilation in the United Kingdom", "paragraph_text": "FGM was outlawed in the UK by the Prohibition of Female Circumcision Act 1985, which made it an offence to perform FGM on children or adults. The Female Genital Mutilation Act 2003 and the Prohibition of Female Genital Mutilation (Scotland) Act 2005 made it an offence to arrange FGM outside the country for British citizens or permanent residents, whether or not it is lawful in the country to which the girl is taken.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Visa requirements for Thai citizens", "paragraph_text": "Visa requirements for Thai citizens are administrative entry restrictions imposed on citizens of Thailand by the authorities of other states. As of February 2018, Thai citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 75 countries and territories, ranking the Thai passport 65th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Mount Goossens", "paragraph_text": "Mount Goossens () is a largely bare rock massif, high, standing next south of Mount Pierre in the Queen Fabiola Mountains of Antarctica. It was discovered on October 7, 1960 by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition, under Guido Derom, who named it for Leon Goossens, photographer of the Belgian party which made reconnoitering aircraft flights in this area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Visa requirements for New Zealand citizens", "paragraph_text": "Visa requirements for New Zealand citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of New Zealand. As of 1 January 2017, New Zealand citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 172 countries and territories, ranking the New Zealand passport 5th in terms of travel freedom (tied with Irish and Japanese passports) according to the Henley visa restrictions index.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Group B streptococcal infection", "paragraph_text": "Recommendations for IAP to prevent perinatal GBS disease were issued in 1996 by the CDC. In these guidelines, the use of one of two prevention methods was recommended, either a risk - based approach or a culture - based screening approach. The CDC issued updated guidelines in 2002; these guidelines recommended the universal culture - based screening of all pregnant women at 35 -- 37 weeks' gestation to optimize the identification of women who must receive IAP. CDC also recommended that women with unknown GBS colonization status at the time of delivery be managed according to the presence of intrapartum risk factors. Because of this strategy, the US has seen a major reduction in the incidence of GBS - EOD.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Stefan Nystrom", "paragraph_text": "Stefan Nystrom was a long-time resident of Australia who was deported to Sweden in 2006. He won a landmark decision at the United Nations in 2011, establishing that non-citizens may also have the right to enter a country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Asking for Trouble", "paragraph_text": "Asking for Trouble is a 1942 British comedy film directed by Oswald Mitchell and starring Max Miller, Carole Lynne and Wilfrid Hyde-White. Its plot follows a fishmonger who takes up bookmaking to earn extra cash.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Wilfrid Derome", "paragraph_text": "Wilfrid Derome (19 April 1877 – 24 November 1931) was a Quebec forensic scientist known as the founder of the first Forensic science laboratory in North America, founded in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The laboratory is now called the Laboratoire des Sciences Judiciaires et de Médecine Légale.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 16, "title": "The Great Mr. Handel", "paragraph_text": "The Great Mr. Handel is a 1942 British Technicolor historical film directed by Norman Walker and starring Wilfrid Lawson, Elizabeth Allan and Malcolm Keen. The film is a biopic of the 18th-century German-British composer Georg Friedrich Händel, focusing in particular on the years leading up to his 1741 oratorio \"Messiah\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Mount Eyskens", "paragraph_text": "Mount Eyskens () is a large rock and ice massif rising to next northward of Mount Derom in the Queen Fabiola Mountains of Antarctica. It was discovered by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition under Guido Derom, October 7, 1960, and named for Albert Eyskens, the pilot of one of the two aircraft used by the Belgian reconnoitering party in this area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Diarrhea", "paragraph_text": "Basic sanitation techniques can have a profound effect on the transmission of diarrheal disease. The implementation of hand washing using soap and water, for example, has been experimentally shown to reduce the incidence of disease by approximately 42–48%. Hand washing in developing countries, however, is compromised by poverty as acknowledged by the CDC: \"Handwashing is integral to disease prevention in all parts of the world; however, access to soap and water is limited in a number of less developed countries. This lack of access is one of many challenges to proper hygiene in less developed countries.\" Solutions to this barrier require the implementation of educational programs that encourage sanitary behaviours.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "French passport", "paragraph_text": "French citizens can live and work in any country within the EU as a result of the right of free movement and residence granted in Article 21 of the EU Treaty.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 104758, "question": "Which country's citizen was Wilfrid Derome?", "answer": "Canada", "paragraph_support_idx": 15 }, { "id": 43478, "question": "what is the equivalent of the cdc in #1", "answer": "The Public Health Agency of Canada", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Kozue Ando", "paragraph_text": "In June 1999, when Ando was 16 years old, she was elected Japan national team for 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup. At this competition, on June 26, she debuted against Norway. She played World Cup 4 times and Summer Olympics 3 times. She was a member of Japan, defeated the United States in a penalty shootout in the finals to win the 2011 World Cup. She was also part of the Japanese team which won the silver medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics and 2nd position at 2015 World Cup. At 2015 World Cup, first match against Switzerland, she got penalty kick, but she fractured her left ankle at the moment. This match became her last match at Japan national team. She played 126 games and scored 19 goals for Japan until 2015.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "History of the Argentina national football team", "paragraph_text": "Argentina had been eliminated at the group stage at Korea / Japan 2002 FIFA World Cup, although they had been among the pre-tournament favorites. There was a high expectation of a better performance in the 2006 World Cup in Germany. Argentina qualified for the knockout stages with wins over the Ivory Coast (2 -- 1) and Serbia and Montenegro (6 -- 0), and a 0 -- 0 draw with the Netherlands.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Brazil at the FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "Brazil is the most successful national team in the history of the World Cup, having won five titles, earning second - place, third - place and fourth - place finishes twice each. Brazil is one of the countries besides Argentina, Spain and Germany to win a FIFA World Cup away from its continent (Sweden 1958, Mexico 1970, USA 1994 and South Korea / Japan 2002). Brazil is the only national team to have played in all FIFA World Cup editions without any absence or need for playoffs. Brazil also has the best overall performance in World Cup history in both proportional and absolute terms with a record of 73 victories in 109 matches played, 124 goal difference, 237 points and only 18 losses.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Federalism", "paragraph_text": "In Brazil, the fall of the monarchy in 1889 by a military coup d'état led to the rise of the presidential system, headed by Deodoro da Fonseca. Aided by well-known jurist Ruy Barbosa, Fonseca established federalism in Brazil by decree, but this system of government would be confirmed by every Brazilian constitution since 1891, although some of them would distort some of the federalist principles. The 1937 Constitution, for example, granted the federal government the authority to appoint State Governors (called interventors) at will, thus centralizing power in the hands of President Getúlio Vargas. Brazil also uses the Fonseca system to regulate interstate trade. Brazil is one of the biggest federal governments.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "2015 FIFA Women's World Cup Final", "paragraph_text": "The 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup Final was a women's association football match that took place on 5 July 2015 at BC Place, in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, to determine the winner of the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup. It was played between Japan and the United States, in a rematch of the 2011 final. The stakes were high for both sides: if the United States won the match, it would be the only country to have won in three Women's World Cup finals; if Japan had won instead, then it would be the first football team, men's or women's, to win twice under the same coach (Norio Sasaki for Japan) since Vittorio Pozzo led Italy to victory in the 1934 World Cup and the 1938 World Cup. Ultimately, the United States won 5–2, winning its first title in 16 years and becoming the first team to win three Women's World Cup finals.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "2001 Germany v England football match", "paragraph_text": "On 1 September 2001 Germany met England during the qualifying stages of the 2002 World Cup, at the Olympiastadion in Munich. England won the game 5 -- 1, abetted by a hat - trick from striker Michael Owen.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "2022 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2022 FIFA World Cup is scheduled to be the 22nd edition of the FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international men's football championship contested by the national teams of the member associations of FIFA. It is scheduled to take place in Qatar in 2022. This will be the first World Cup ever to be held in the Arab world and the first in a Muslim - majority country. This will be the first World Cup held entirely in Asia since the 2002 tournament in South Korea and Japan (the 2018 competition in Russia featured one Asian venue, Yekaterinburg). In addition the tournament will be the last to involve 32 teams, with an increase to 48 teams scheduled for the 2026 tournament.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Melodie Robinson", "paragraph_text": "Melodie Robinson (born 25 May 1973 in New Plymouth) is a New Zealand sports journalist and presenter, and former international rugby union player for the New Zealand women's national rugby union team. She played 18 tests for the New Zealand women's team, the Black Ferns, from 1996 to 2002. Robinson won two world cups in that time, playing blindside or openside flanker. She also represented New Zealand in sevens at the Hong Kong 7s and Japan 7s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "2002 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "2002 FIFA World Cup 2002 FIFA 월드컵한국 / 일본 2002 FIFA Woldeu Keob Hanguk / Ilbon 2002 FIFA ワールドカップ韓国 / 日本 2002 FIFA Waarudo Kappu Kankoku / Nihon 2002 FIFA World Cup official logo Tournament details Host countries South Korea Japan Dates 31 May -- 30 June Teams 32 (from 5 confederations) Venue (s) 20 (in 20 host cities) Final positions Champions Brazil (5th title) Runners - up Germany Third place Turkey Fourth place South Korea Tournament statistics Matches played 64 Goals scored 161 (2.52 per match) Attendance 2,705,197 (42,269 per match) Top scorer (s) Ronaldo (8 goals) Best player Oliver Kahn Best young player Landon Donovan Best goalkeeper Oliver Kahn Fair play award Belgium ← 1998 2006 →", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 9, "title": "2022 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2022 FIFA World Cup is scheduled to be the 22nd edition of the FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international men's football championship contested by the national teams of the member associations of FIFA. It is scheduled to take place in Qatar in 2022. This will be the first World Cup held in Asia since the 2002 tournament in South Korea and Japan. This will also be the first World Cup ever to be held in the Middle East, and in an Arab and a Muslim - majority country. This tournament will be the last to involve 32 teams, with an increase to 48 teams scheduled from the 2026 tournament.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 FIFA World Cup was the 21st FIFA World Cup, an international football tournament contested by the men's national teams of the member associations of FIFA once every four years. It took place in Russia from 14 June to 15 July 2018. It was the first World Cup to be held in Eastern Europe, and the 11th time that it had been held in Europe. At an estimated cost of over $14.2 billion, it was the most expensive World Cup. It was also the first World Cup to use the video assistant referee (VAR) system.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Japan", "paragraph_text": "Baseball is currently the most popular spectator sport in the country. Japan's top professional league, now known as Nippon Professional Baseball, was established in 1936 and is widely considered to be the highest level of professional baseball in the world outside of the North American Major Leagues. Since the establishment of the Japan Professional Football League in 1992, association football has also gained a wide following. Japan was a venue of the Intercontinental Cup from 1981 to 2004 and co-hosted the 2002 FIFA World Cup with South Korea. Japan has one of the most successful football teams in Asia, winning the Asian Cup four times. Also, Japan recently won the FIFA Women's World Cup in 2011. Golf is also popular in Japan, as are forms of auto racing like the Super GT series and Formula Nippon. The country has produced one NBA player, Yuta Tabuse.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "South Korea", "paragraph_text": "The martial art taekwondo originated in Korea. In the 1950s and 1960s, modern rules were standardized, with taekwondo becoming an official Olympic sport in 2000. Other Korean martial arts include Taekkyon, hapkido, Tang Soo Do, Kuk Sool Won, kumdo and subak.Football and baseball have traditionally been regarded as the most popular sports in Korea. Recent polling indicates that a majority, 41% of South Korean sports fans continue to self-identify as football fans, with baseball ranked 2nd at 25% of respondents. However, the polling did not indicate the extent to which respondents follow both sports. The national football team became the first team in the Asian Football Confederation to reach the FIFA World Cup semi-finals in the 2002 FIFA World Cup, jointly hosted by South Korea and Japan. The Korea Republic national team (as it is known) has qualified for every World Cup since Mexico 1986, and has broken out of the group stage twice: first in 2002, and again in 2010, when it was defeated by eventual semi-finalist Uruguay in the Round of 16. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, South Korea won the Bronze Medal for football.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "2016 FIFA Club World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2016 FIFA Club World Cup (officially known as the FIFA Club World Cup Japan 2016 presented by Alibaba YunOS Auto for sponsorship reasons) was the 13th edition of the FIFA Club World Cup, a FIFA - organised international club football tournament between the champion clubs from each of the six continental confederations, as well as the national league champion from the host country. The tournament was hosted by Japan. Real Madrid won their second Club World Cup, defeating hosts Kashima Antlers in the final.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "2022 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2022 FIFA World Cup is scheduled to be the 22nd edition of the FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international men's football championship contested by the national teams of the member associations of FIFA. It is scheduled to take place in Qatar in 2022. This will be the first World Cup ever to be held in the Arab world and the first in a Muslim - majority country. This will be the first World Cup held entirely in geographical Asia since the 2002 tournament in South Korea and Japan (the 2018 competition in Russia featured one geographically Asian venue, Yekaterinburg). In addition the tournament will be the last to involve 32 teams, with an increase to 48 teams scheduled for the 2026 tournament.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Hatem Trabelsi", "paragraph_text": "Trabelsi made his international debut in May 1998, shortly before the 1998 World Cup. He also played in all of Tunisia's matches in the 2002 FIFA World Cup and 2006 FIFA World Cups, as well as the 2004 African Nations Cup, which Tunisia won. Following Tunisia's elimination from the 2006 World Cup after a 1–0 defeat to Ukraine, Trabelsi announced his retirement from international football at the age of 29, with 61 caps and one goal. He scored his only goal for the national team in 2006 in a friendly match against Ghana.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "2022 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2022 FIFA World Cup is scheduled to be the 22nd edition of the FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international men's football championship contested by the national teams of the member associations of FIFA. It is scheduled to take place in Qatar in 2022. This will be the first World Cup ever to be held in the Arab world and the first in a Muslim - majority country. This will be the first World Cup held entirely in geographical Asia since the 2002 tournament in South Korea and Japan (the 2018 competition in Russia featured one geographically Asian venue, Yekaterinburg). In addition the tournament will be the last to involve 32 teams, with an increase to 48 teams scheduled for the 2026 tournament. The reigning World Cup champions are France.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "2002 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2002 FIFA World Cup was the 17th staging of the FIFA World Cup which took place from 31 May to 30 June 2002 in South Korea and Japan. This world cup set a number of precedents. It was the first World Cup to be held in Asia. No previous World Cup was held on a continent other than Europe or the Americas. It was also the first World Cup to be jointly hosted by more than one nation. Finally, this was the last event to use the golden goal rule. Brazil won the tournament for a record fifth time, winning the final against Germany 2 -- 0. The victory meant Brazil qualified for the 2005 FIFA Confederations Cup for the fifth time, representing the World. In the third place play - off match against South Korea, Turkey won 3 -- 2 taking third place in only their second ever FIFA World Cup finals. China PR, Ecuador, Senegal and Slovenia made their first appearances at the finals.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "FIFA World Cup hosts", "paragraph_text": "The hosts for both World Cups were announced by the FIFA Executive Committee on 2 December 2010. Russia was selected to host the 2018 FIFA World Cup, making it the first time that the World Cup will be hosted in Eastern Europe and making it the biggest country geographically to host the World Cup. Qatar was selected to host the 2022 FIFA World Cup, making it the first time a World Cup will be held in the Arab World and the second time in Asia since the 2002 tournament in South Korea and Japan. Also, the decision made it the smallest country geographically to host the World Cup.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "FIFA World Cup awards", "paragraph_text": "World Cup Golden Glove 1994 United States Michel Preud'homme 1998 France Fabien Barthez 2002 Korea / Japan Oliver Kahn 2006 Germany Gianluigi Buffon 2010 South Africa Iker Casillas 2014 Brazil Manuel Neuer 2018 Russia Thibaut Courtois", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 75408, "question": "who won the 2002 world cup in japan", "answer": "Brazil (", "paragraph_support_idx": 8 }, { "id": 28246, "question": "What other system does #1 use?", "answer": "Fonseca system", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "List of countries by titanium production", "paragraph_text": "Rank Country / Region 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 World 137,000 186,000 200,000 209,000 194,000 160,000 170,000 China 57,800 60,000 80,000 105,000 110,000 62,000 60,000 Russia 25,800 40,000 44,000 44,000 42,000 40,000 38,000 Japan 31,600 56,000 40,000 42,000 25,000 42,000 54,000 Kazakhstan 14,500 20,700 25,000 12,000 9,000 9,000 9,000 Ukraine 7,400 9,000 10,000 6,300 7,200 7,700 7,500 6 India - - - - - 500 500", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Age of Enlightenment", "paragraph_text": "The word \"public\" implies the highest level of inclusivity – the public sphere by definition should be open to all. However, this sphere was only public to relative degrees. Enlightenment thinkers frequently contrasted their conception of the \"public\" with that of the people: Condorcet contrasted \"opinion\" with populace, Marmontel \"the opinion of men of letters\" with \"the opinion of the multitude,\" and d'Alembert the \"truly enlightened public\" with \"the blind and noisy multitude\". Additionally, most institutions of the public sphere excluded both women and the lower classes. Cross-class influences occurred through noble and lower class participation in areas such as the coffeehouses and the Masonic lodges.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact", "paragraph_text": "Most notably, there was also a secret protocol to the pact, revealed only after Germany's defeat in 1945, although hints about its provisions were leaked much earlier, e.g., to influence Lithuania. According to said protocol Romania, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia and Finland were divided into German and Soviet \"spheres of influence\". In the north, Finland, Estonia and Latvia were assigned to the Soviet sphere. Poland was to be partitioned in the event of its \"political rearrangement\"—the areas east of the Pisa, Narev, Vistula and San rivers going to the Soviet Union while Germany would occupy the west. Lithuania, adjacent to East Prussia, would be in the German sphere of influence, although a second secret protocol agreed to in September 1939 reassigned the majority of Lithuania to the USSR. According to the secret protocol, Lithuania would be granted the city of Vilnius – its historical capital, which was under Polish control during the inter-war period. Another clause of the treaty was that Germany would not interfere with the Soviet Union's actions towards Bessarabia, then part of Romania; as the result, Bessarabia was joined to the Moldovan ASSR, and become the Moldovan SSR under control of Moscow.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Avicenna", "paragraph_text": "Avicenna's astronomical writings had some influence on later writers, although in general his work could be considered less developed than Alhazen or Al-Biruni. One important feature of his writing is that he considers mathematical astronomy as a separate discipline to astrology. He criticized Aristotle's view of the stars receiving their light from the Sun, stating that the stars are self-luminous, and believed that the planets are also self-luminous. He claimed to have observed Venus as a spot on the Sun. This is possible, as there was a transit on May 24, 1032, but Avicenna did not give the date of his observation, and modern scholars have questioned whether he could have observed the transit from his location at that time; he may have mistaken a sunspot for Venus. He used his transit observation to help establish that Venus was, at least sometimes, below the Sun in Ptolemaic cosmology, i.e. the sphere of Venus comes before the sphere of the Sun when moving out from the Earth in the prevailing geocentric model.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Ten Commandments", "paragraph_text": "The Ten Commandments appear twice in the Hebrew Bible, in the books of Exodus and Deuteronomy. Modern scholarship has found likely influences in Hittite and Mesopotamian laws and treaties, but is divided over exactly when the Ten Commandments were written and who wrote them.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Dissolution of the Soviet Union", "paragraph_text": "The Baltic Way or Baltic Chain (also Chain of Freedom Estonian: Balti kett, Latvian: Baltijas ceļš, Lithuanian: Baltijos kelias, Russian: Балтийский путь) was a peaceful political demonstration on August 23, 1989. An estimated 2 million people joined hands to form a human chain extending 600 kilometres (370 mi) across Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, which had been forcibly reincorporated into the Soviet Union in 1944. The colossal demonstration marked the 50th anniversary of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact that divided Eastern Europe into spheres of influence and led to the occupation of the Baltic states in 1940.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Southeast Asia", "paragraph_text": "The culture in Southeast Asia is very diverse: on mainland Southeast Asia, the culture is a mix of Indochinese (Burma, Cambodia, Laos and Thailand) and Chinese (Singapore and Vietnam). While in Indonesia, the Philippines and Malaysia the culture is a mix of indigenous Austronesian, Indian, Islamic, Western, and Chinese cultures. Also Brunei shows a strong influence from Arabia. Singapore and Vietnam show more Chinese influence in that Singapore, although being geographically a Southeast Asian nation, is home to a large Chinese majority and Vietnam was in China's sphere of influence for much of its history. Indian influence in Singapore is only evident through the Tamil migrants, which influenced, to some extent, the cuisine of Singapore. Throughout Vietnam's history, it has had no direct influence from India - only through contact with the Thai, Khmer and Cham peoples.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Viviani's curve", "paragraph_text": "In mathematics, particularly geometry, Viviani's curve, also known as Viviani's window, is a figure eight shaped space curve named after the Italian mathematician Vincenzo Viviani, the intersection of a sphere with a cylinder that is tangent to the sphere and passes through the center of the sphere. Before Viviani this curve was studied by Simon de La Loubère and Gilles de Roberval.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Aftermath of World War II", "paragraph_text": "The Aftermath of World War II was the beginning of a new era, defined by the decline of all European colonial empires and simultaneous rise of two superpowers: the Soviet Union (USSR) and the United States (USA). Allies during World War II, the US and the USSR became competitors on the world stage and engaged in the Cold War, so called because it never resulted in overt, declared hot war between the two powers but was instead characterized by espionage, political subversion and proxy wars. Western Europe and Japan were rebuilt through the American Marshall Plan whereas Central and Eastern Europe fell under the Soviet sphere of influence and eventually behind an \"Iron Curtain\". Europe was divided into a US-led Western Bloc and a Soviet-led Eastern Bloc. Internationally, alliances with the two blocs gradually shifted, with some nations trying to stay out of the Cold War through the Non-Aligned Movement. The War also saw a nuclear arms race between the two superpowers; part of the reason that the Cold War never became a \"hot\" war was that the Soviet Union and the United States had nuclear deterrents against each other, leading to a mutually assured destruction standoff.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Titanium biocompatibility", "paragraph_text": "Titanium was first introduced into surgeries in the 1950s after having been used in dentistry for a decade prior. It is now the metal of choice for prosthetics, internal fixation, inner body devices, and instrumentation. Titanium is used from head to toe in biomedical implants. One can find titanium in neurosurgery, bone conduction hearing aids, false eye implants, spinal fusion cages, pacemakers, toe implants, and shoulder / elbow / hip / knee replacements along with many more. The main reason why titanium is often used in the body is due to titanium's biocompatibility and, with surface modifications, bioactive surface. The surface characteristics that affect biocompatibility are surface texture, steric hindrance, binding sites, and hydrophobicity (wetting). These characteristics are optimized to create an ideal cellular response. Some medical implants, as well as parts of surgical instruments are coated with titanium nitride (TiN).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Auvergne", "paragraph_text": "The region of Auvergne was named after the Arverni, one of the most powerful Gallic tribes. It was composed of the Gabali, the Vellavi, and the Cadurci, whose sphere of influence included the regions of Languedoc and Aquitaine. Vercingetorix was elected king in 52 BC. His father, Celtillos, his predecessor, had been killed by his companions who opposed Celtillos' goal of making the title hereditary.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Culture of Vietnam", "paragraph_text": "The culture of Vietnam is one of the oldest in Southeast Asia, with the ancient Bronze age Đông Sơn culture being widely considered one of its most important progenitors. Due to a millennium of Chinese rule, Vietnam was heavily influenced by Chinese culture in terms of politics, government, Confucian social and moral ethics, and art. Vietnam is considered to be part of the East Asian cultural sphere.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Roche lobe", "paragraph_text": "The Roche lobe is different from the Roche sphere which approximates the gravitational sphere of influence of one astronomical body in the face of perturbations from another heavier body around which it orbits. It is different from the Roche limit which is the distance at which an object held together only by gravity begins to break up due to tidal forces. The Roche lobe, Roche limit and Roche sphere are named after the French astronomer Édouard Roche.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Prime meridian", "paragraph_text": "A prime meridian is a meridian (a line of longitude) in a geographic coordinate system at which longitude is defined to be 0 °. Together, a prime meridian and its antimeridian (the 180th meridian in a 360 ° - system) form a great circle. This great circle divides the sphere, e.g., Earth, into two hemispheres. If one uses directions of East and West from a defined prime meridian, then they can be called the Eastern Hemisphere and the Western Hemisphere.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Luxor 3", "paragraph_text": "Luxor : Reverse to Egypt (known as Luxor 3) is an action-puzzle computer game released by MumboJumbo and Wamoc. It is a sequel to \"Luxor\" and \"Luxor 2\". As with the other Luxor games, it maintains an Egyptian theme and revolves around Egyptian deities, with a main gameplay goal of removing spheres in various lines of spheres on a set track by exploding groups of three or more spheres.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Southern Europe", "paragraph_text": "The Nazi regime under Adolf Hitler came to power in 1933, and along with Mussolini's Italy sought to gain control of the continent by the Second World War. Following the Allied victory in the Second World War, Europe was divided by the Iron Curtain. The countries in Southeastern Europe were dominated by the Soviet Union and became communist states. The major non-communist Southern European countries joined a US-led military alliance (NATO) and formed the European Economic Community amongst themselves. The countries in the Soviet sphere of influence joined the military alliance known as the Warsaw Pact and the economic bloc called Comecon. Yugoslavia was neutal.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Hellenistic period", "paragraph_text": "Scholars and historians are divided as to what event signals the end of the Hellenistic era. The Hellenistic period may be seen to end either with the final conquest of the Greek heartlands by Rome in 146 BC following the Achean War, with the final defeat of the Ptolemaic Kingdom at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC, or even the move by Roman emperor Constantine the Great of the capital of the Roman Empire to Constantinople in 330 AD. \"Hellenistic\" is distinguished from \"Hellenic\" in that the first encompasses the entire sphere of direct ancient Greek influence, while the latter refers to Greece itself.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Aftermath of World War II", "paragraph_text": "The Aftermath of World War II was the beginning of an era defined by the decline of all great powers except for the Soviet Union and the United States, and the simultaneous rise of two superpowers: the Soviet Union (USSR) and the United States of America (USA). Allies during World War II, the USA and the USSR became competitors on the world stage and engaged in the Cold War, so called because it never resulted in overt, declared hot war between the two powers but was instead characterized by espionage, political subversion and proxy wars. Western Europe and Japan were rebuilt through the American Marshall Plan whereas Central and Eastern Europe fell under the Soviet sphere of influence and eventually an ``Iron Curtain ''. Europe was divided into a US - led Western Bloc and a Soviet - led Eastern Bloc. Internationally, alliances with the two blocs gradually shifted, with some nations trying to stay out of the Cold War through the Non-Aligned Movement. The Cold War also saw a nuclear arms race between the two superpowers; part of the reason that the Cold War never became a`` hot'' war was that the Soviet Union and the United States had nuclear deterrents against each other, leading to a mutually assured destruction standoff.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact", "paragraph_text": "The stated clauses of the Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact were a guarantee of non-belligerence by each party towards the other, and a written commitment that neither party would ally itself to, or aid, an enemy of the other party. In addition to stipulations of non-aggression, the treaty included a secret protocol that divided territories of Romania, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, and Finland into German and Soviet \"spheres of influence\", anticipating potential \"territorial and political rearrangements\" of these countries. Thereafter, Germany invaded Poland on 1 September 1939. After the Soviet–Japanese ceasefire agreement took effect on 16 September, Stalin ordered his own invasion of Poland on 17 September. Part of southeastern (Karelia) and Salla region in Finland were annexed by the Soviet Union after the Winter War. This was followed by Soviet annexations of Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and parts of Romania (Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina, and the Hertza region). Concern about ethnic Ukrainians and Belarusians had been proffered as justification for the Soviet invasion of Poland. Stalin's invasion of Bukovina in 1940 violated the pact, as it went beyond the Soviet sphere of influence agreed with the Axis.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Kodal mine", "paragraph_text": "The Kodal mine is one of the largest titanium mines in Norway. The mine is located in Vestfold. The mine has reserves amounting to 70 million tonnes of ore grading 8% titanium.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 51146, "question": "where does most of the world's titanium come from", "answer": "China", "paragraph_support_idx": 0 }, { "id": 44497, "question": "when was #1 divided into spheres of influence", "answer": "in the late 19th and early 20th Century", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Yale University", "paragraph_text": "During the 1988 presidential election, George H. W. Bush (Yale '48) derided Michael Dukakis for having \"foreign-policy views born in Harvard Yard's boutique\". When challenged on the distinction between Dukakis's Harvard connection and his own Yale background, he said that, unlike Harvard, Yale's reputation was \"so diffuse, there isn't a symbol, I don't think, in the Yale situation, any symbolism in it\" and said Yale did not share Harvard's reputation for \"liberalism and elitism\". In 2004 Howard Dean stated, \"In some ways, I consider myself separate from the other three (Yale) candidates of 2004. Yale changed so much between the class of '68 and the class of '71. My class was the first class to have women in it; it was the first class to have a significant effort to recruit African Americans. It was an extraordinary time, and in that span of time is the change of an entire generation\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Yale University", "paragraph_text": "Yale has had many financial supporters, but some stand out by the magnitude or timeliness of their contributions. Among those who have made large donations commemorated at the university are: Elihu Yale; Jeremiah Dummer; the Harkness family (Edward, Anna, and William); the Beinecke family (Edwin, Frederick, and Walter); John William Sterling; Payne Whitney; Joseph E. Sheffield, Paul Mellon, Charles B. G. Murphy and William K. Lanman. The Yale Class of 1954, led by Richard Gilder, donated $70 million in commemoration of their 50th reunion. Charles B. Johnson, a 1954 graduate of Yale College, pledged a $250 million gift in 2013 to support of the construction of two new residential colleges.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Yale University", "paragraph_text": "In 1718, at the behest of either Rector Samuel Andrew or the colony's Governor Gurdon Saltonstall, Cotton Mather contacted a successful businessman named Elihu Yale, who lived in Wales but had been born in Boston and whose father, David, had been one of the original settlers in New Haven, to ask him for financial help in constructing a new building for the college. Through the persuasion of Jeremiah Dummer, Yale, who had made a fortune through trade while living in Madras as a representative of the East India Company, donated nine bales of goods, which were sold for more than £560, a substantial sum at the time. Cotton Mather suggested that the school change its name to Yale College. Meanwhile, a Harvard graduate working in England convinced some 180 prominent intellectuals that they should donate books to Yale. The 1714 shipment of 500 books represented the best of modern English literature, science, philosophy and theology. It had a profound effect on intellectuals at Yale. Undergraduate Jonathan Edwards discovered John Locke's works and developed his original theology known as the \"new divinity.\" In 1722 the Rector and six of his friends, who had a study group to discuss the new ideas, announced that they had given up Calvinism, become Arminians, and joined the Church of England. They were ordained in England and returned to the colonies as missionaries for the Anglican faith. Thomas Clapp became president in 1745, and struggled to return the college to Calvinist orthodoxy; but he did not close the library. Other students found Deist books in the library.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Frank Martin (mayor)", "paragraph_text": "Frank Kieffer Martin (November 4, 1938 – August 12, 2012) was an American defense attorney and a former mayor of Columbus, Georgia. Martin was born in Columbus in 1938. He was elected 64th mayor of that city in 1990, succeeding James Jernigan. During Martin's tenure as mayor, he championed a new 1-percent sales tax that went on to fund a new civic center, public safety building, and recreational facilities. Under Martin's leadership Columbus also won a bid to host the 1996 Olympic softball competition. Martin served as mayor of Columbus from 1991 to 1994. He died from complications of pancreatic cancer in 2012 at the age of 73.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Doug Faulkner", "paragraph_text": "Born in Scotland and raised in Bishops Falls, Newfoundland and Labrador, Faulkner worked in the materials and services department for Syncrude prior to his election as mayor.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Henri-Louis Gagnon", "paragraph_text": "Born in Lambton, Quebec, the son of Louis Gagnon and Sobronie Bélanger, Gagnon was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Quebec for Frontenac in 1931. A Liberal, he was defeated in 1935. He was mayor of Lambton in 1935 and 1936. He was re-elected in 1939 and defeated in 1944.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "2017 Cincinnati mayoral election", "paragraph_text": "The 2017 Cincinnati mayoral election took place on November 7, 2017, to elect the Mayor of Cincinnati, Ohio. The election was officially nonpartisan, with the top two candidates from the May 2 primary election advancing to the general election, regardless of party. Incumbent Democratic Mayor John Cranley won re-election to a second term.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Libby Schaaf", "paragraph_text": "Elizabeth Beckman \"Libby\" Schaaf (born November 12, 1965) is an American politician and member of the Democratic Party. She is the mayor of Oakland, California and a former member of the Oakland City Council. Schaaf won the November 4, 2014, Oakland mayoral election in the 14th round in ranked choice voting with 62.79% of the vote.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Étienne Pinte", "paragraph_text": "Étienne Pinte (born 19 March 1939) is a French politician. He held the position Député-maire of Versailles, meaning that he was separately elected as both the Mayor of the city and as a Deputy in the National Assembly (Assemblée nationale), but decided not to run again for Mayor in the 2008 election. He represents the Union for a Popular Movement (UMP) party. He is a member of the Cultural Affairs Commission in the National Assembly. He is a law graduate.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "2017 Raleigh mayoral election", "paragraph_text": "The biennial nonpartisan election for the Mayor of Raleigh, North Carolina was held on Tuesday, Oct. 10, 2017. As no candidate won a majority of the vote in the first round, a runoff was held on November 7, 2017, as requested by the second - place finisher, Charles Francis. Incumbent Mayor Nancy McFarlane defeated Francis in the runoff, winning a fourth term in office.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Balestrand", "paragraph_text": "The mayor \"(ordførar)\" of a municipality in Norway is a representative of the majority party of the municipal council who is elected to lead the council. Harald Offerdal of the Labour Party was elected mayor of Balestrand for the 2011–2015 term and re-elected to the 2015-2019 term.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "2008 London mayoral election", "paragraph_text": "The 2008 London mayoral election for the office of Mayor of London, England, was held on 1 May 2008 and was won by Conservative Party candidate Boris Johnson.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Ljubljana", "paragraph_text": "Between 2002 and 2006, Danica Simšič was mayor of the municipality. Since the municipal elections of 22 October 2006 until his confirmation as a deputy in the National Assembly of Slovenian in December 2011, Zoran Janković, previously the managing director of the Mercator retail chain, was the mayor of Ljubljana. In 2006, he won 62.99% of the popular vote. On 10 October 2010, Janković was re-elected for another four-year term with 64.79% of the vote. From 2006 until October 2010, the majority on the city council (the Zoran Janković List) held 23 of 45 seats. On 10 October 2010, Janković's list won 25 out of 45 seats in the city council. From December 2011 onwards, when Janković's list won the early parliamentary election, the deputy mayor Aleš Čerin was decided by him to lead the municipality. Čerin did not hold the post of mayor. After Janković had failed to be elected as the Prime Minister in the National Assembly, he participated at the mayoral by-election on 25 March 2012 and was elected for the third time with 61% of the vote. He retook the leadership of the city council on 11 April 2012.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Klaus Wowereit", "paragraph_text": "Klaus Wowereit (born 1 October 1953) is a German politician, member of the SPD (Social Democratic Party), and was the Governing Mayor of Berlin from 21 October 2001 to 11 December 2014. In 2001 state elections his party won a plurality of the votes, 29.7%. He served as President of the Bundesrat (the fourth highest office in Germany) in 2001/02. His SPD-led coalition was re-elected in the 2006 elections; after the 2011 elections the SPD's coalition partner changed from the Left to the Christian Democratic Union. He was also sometimes mentioned as a possible SPD candidate for the Chancellorship of Germany (\"Kanzlerkandidatur\"), but that never materialized.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Hardin Bigelow", "paragraph_text": "Hardin Bigelow (1809 in Michigan Territory – November 27, 1850 in San Francisco, California) was the first elected mayor of the city of Sacramento, California, which was known then as \"Sacramento City.\" Bigelow's efforts to construct Sacramento's first levees won him enough support to become mayor in Sacramento's first mayoral elections in February 1850. Bigelow served seven months, from April to November, before succumbing to cholera; while he was mayor, Sacramento averted disaster in a potentially devastating flood, but fell victim to a series of April fires, a riot, and a cholera epidemic.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Boppard", "paragraph_text": "The mayor is elected every eight years. Boppard's current mayor, elected on 1 August 1997 and again on 10 April 2005, is Dr. Walter Bersch (born 1954), and his deputies are Dr. Heinz Bengart, Ruth Schneider and Horst-Peter Hassbach.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "John Davis (Massachusetts governor)", "paragraph_text": "Born in Northborough, Massachusetts, Davis attended Yale College before studying law in Worcester, Massachusetts, where he established a successful law practice. He spent 10 years (1824–34) in the United States House of Representatives as a National Republican (later Whig), where he supported protectionist tariff legislation. He won election as Governor of Massachusetts in a three-way race in 1833 that was decided by the state legislature. After two terms he was elected to the United States Senate, where he served most of one term, resigning early in 1841 after he was once again elected governor.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "2017 Boston mayoral election", "paragraph_text": "Boston mayoral election, 2017 ← 2013 November 7, 2017 2021 → Candidate Marty Walsh Tito Jackson Party Nonpartisan Nonpartisan Popular vote 70,125 36,433 Percentage 65.3% 33.9% Mayor before election Marty Walsh Elected Mayor Marty Walsh", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 18, "title": "2017 St. Petersburg, Florida mayoral election", "paragraph_text": "St. Petersburg mayoral election, 2017 ← 2013 November 7, 2017 2021 → Nominee Rick Kriseman Rick Baker Party Nonpartisan Nonpartisan Popular vote 34,531 32,341 Percentage 51% 49% Mayor before election Rick Kriseman Nonpartisan Elected Mayor Rick Kriseman Nonpartisan", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "2017 New Orleans mayoral election", "paragraph_text": "New Orleans mayoral election, 2017 ← 2014 October 14 and November 18, 2017 2021 → Candidate LaToya Cantrell Desiree M. Charbonnet Party Democratic Democratic Popular vote 51,342 33,729 Percentage 60.4% 39.7% Mayor before election Mitch Landrieu Democratic Elected Mayor LaToya Cantrell Democratic", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 21400, "question": "Where was Elihu Yale born?", "answer": "Boston", "paragraph_support_idx": 2 }, { "id": 93256, "question": "who won the election for mayor in #1", "answer": "Marty Walsh", "paragraph_support_idx": 17 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Angelina County Airport", "paragraph_text": "Angelina County Airport is a county-owned, public-use airport in Angelina County, Texas, United States. The airport is located seven nautical miles (13 km) southwest of the central business district of Lufkin, Texas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Mother Lode Acres, California", "paragraph_text": "Mother Lode Acres is an unincorporated community in Calaveras County, California. It lies at an elevation of 243 feet (74 m).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Tuntutuliak Airport", "paragraph_text": "Tuntutuliak Airport is a state-owned public-use airport located one nautical mile (1.85 km) south of the central business district of Tuntutuliak, in the Bethel Census Area of the U.S. state of Alaska.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Manokotak Airport", "paragraph_text": "Manokotak Airport is a state-owned public-use airport located one mile (2 km) north of the central business district of Manokotak, a city in the Dillingham Census Area of the U.S. state of Alaska.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "LaBelle Municipal Airport", "paragraph_text": "LaBelle Municipal Airport is a public-use airport located south of the central business district of the city of LaBelle in Hendry County, Florida, United States. The airport is publicly owned.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Catoca diamond mine", "paragraph_text": "The Catoca diamond mine is the fourth largest diamond mine in the world, and is located in Angola. The mine is owned by a consortium of international mining interests, including Endiama (the state mining company of Angola) (32.8% ownership), Alrosa of Russia (32.8%), Odebrecht of Brazil (16.4%), and the Diamond Finance CY BV Group (16.8%). The mine is located on a kimberlite pipe.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Alexandria Airport (New Jersey)", "paragraph_text": "Alexandria Airport is a public-use airport located in Alexandria Township, New Jersey, two nautical miles (3.704 km) west of Pittstown, in Hunterdon County, New Jersey, United States. The airport is privately owned.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Kennecott, Alaska", "paragraph_text": "Kennecott, also known as Kennicott and Kennecott Mines, is an abandoned mining camp in the Valdez - Cordova Census Area in the U.S. state of Alaska that was the center of activity for several copper mines. It is located beside the Kennicott Glacier, northeast of Valdez, inside Wrangell - St. Elias National Park and Preserve. The camp and mines are now a National Historic Landmark District administered by the National Park Service.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Lake Village Airport", "paragraph_text": "Lake Village Airport is a public-use airport located one mile (1.6 km) northwest of the central business district of Lake Village, in Newton County, Indiana, United States. The CTAF for the Airport is 122.9. This airport is privately owned by Michael Steinle.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Yakataga Airport", "paragraph_text": "Yakataga Airport is a public use airport serving Yakataga (also known as Cape Yakataga) in the U.S. state of Alaska. It is owned by Federal Aviation Administration and lies in the western section of Yakutat Borough.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Virginia City, Nevada", "paragraph_text": "Virginia City sprang up as a boomtown with the 1859 discovery of the Comstock Lode, the first major silver deposit discovery in the United States, with numerous mines opening. At the city's peak of population in the mid-1870s, it had an estimated 25,000 residents. The mines' output declined after 1878, and the city itself declined as a result. As of the 2010 Census the population of Virginia City was about 855, and that of Storey County 4,000.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Wolf Creek (Nevada County, California)", "paragraph_text": "Wolf Creek is a waterway in Nevada County, California, US. The creek is long. The watershed, approximately , is heavily mined. Most of the creek is situated in the lower montane zone. Its altitude ranges between (headwaters at Banner Mountain, also known as Banner Hill) to (confluence with the Bear River). Vegetation in the valley varies from alpine pines at higher elevations, to blue pines at mid elevations, and ponderosa pine mixed with evergreen forests at lower elevations. From 1850 to 1950 gold was mined in the rich formations of the Mother Lode in the heart of Banner Mountain.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Appalachian Regional Airport", "paragraph_text": "Appalachian Regional Airport is a public use airport located eight nautical miles (9 mi, 15 km) east of the central business district of Williamson, a city in Mingo County, West Virginia, United States. It is owned by the Mingo County Airport Authority. The airport was built on a reclaimed mine site near Varney, West Virginia, and opened in 2012.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Bowers Mansion", "paragraph_text": "The Bowers Mansion, located between Reno and Carson City, Nevada, was built in 1863 by Lemuel \"Sandy\" Bowers and his wife, Eilley Orrum Bowers, and is a prime example of the homes built in Nevada by the new millionaires of the Comstock Lode mining boom.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Lake Billy Chinook Airport", "paragraph_text": "Lake Billy Chinook Airport, also known as Lake Billy Chinook State Airport, is a public use airport located six nautical miles (7 mi, 11 km) west of the central business district of Culver, a city in Jefferson County, Oregon, United States. The airport is privately owned, despite the name which might give the impression that it was owned by the state.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Gold Harbour, British Columbia", "paragraph_text": "Gold Harbour, was a gold and silver mine and camp on Mitchell Inlet, part of Tasu Sound on Moresby Island in the Queen Charlotte Islands of the North Coast of British Columbia, Canada. It is notable as the location of the first lode mine worked in what is now British Columbia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Ofu Airport", "paragraph_text": "Ofu Airport is a public airport located one mile (2 km) southeast of the village of Ofu on the island of Ofu in American Samoa, an unincorporated territory of the United States. This airport is publicly owned by Government of American Samoa.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Schaumburg Regional Airport", "paragraph_text": "Schaumburg Regional Airport is a public use airport located northwest of Chicago, in the village of Schaumburg, in Cook and DuPage counties, Illinois, United States. The airport is owned by the Village of Schaumburg.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Tunica Municipal Airport", "paragraph_text": "Tunica Municipal Airport is a public use airport located one nautical mile (2 km) east of the central business district of Tunica, in Tunica County, Mississippi, United States. It is owned by the Tunica County Airport Commission. Also known as Tunica Airport, it should not be confused with the 10 acre privately owned, public use Tunica Airport located south of the center of town, which has been recently changed to Ralph M Sharpe Airport.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Roy Wilcox Airport", "paragraph_text": "Roy Wilcox Airport is a public use airport in Washington County, Alabama, United States. The airport is owned by the town of Chatom and located three nautical miles (6 km) east of its central business district.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 129710, "question": "In which state is Yakataga Airport located?", "answer": "Alaska", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 }, { "id": 87516, "question": "who owns the mother lode mine in mccarthy #1", "answer": "the National Park Service", "paragraph_support_idx": 7 } ]

[ "National Park Service" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Nigamananda Bidyapitha", "paragraph_text": "Nigamananda Bidyapitha(निगमानंद बिद्यापिठ) is an educational institution established in 1963 in Daulatabad, India. The place is near to Choudwar Municipal area and adjacent to Cuttack City. It is in the state of Orissa, India.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Sławomir Sierakowski", "paragraph_text": "He studied sociology, philosophy, economics at the College of Inter-Faculty Individual Studies in the Humanities, Warsaw University, and worked under the direction of Ulrich Beck at the University of Munich. He was awarded scholarships from the Collegium Invisibile, Ministry of Education, Warsaw, the Goethe Institute and the German Foundation GFPS and DAAD, and the U.S. The German Marshall Fund, and Open Society Institute. He also participated in study visits to Paris at the invitation of the Government of France, and to the United States at the invitation of the American Jewish Committee and the Forum for Dialogue Among Nations, and has been visiting fellow at universities and scientific centres in Europe and the United States, including Princeton University, Yale University, Harvard University and the Institut für die Wissenschaften vom Menschen in Vienna.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "National Institute of Educational Planning and Administration", "paragraph_text": "National Institute of Educational Planning and Administration was established in the year 1962 as UNESCO Asian Centre for Educational Planners, Administrators and Supervisors which later became the Asian Institute of Educational Planning and Administration in 1965, which was later converted into the National Staff College for Educational Planners and Administrators in 1973, which was again rechristened as National Institute of Educational Planning and Administration (NIEPA) in the year 1979. In 2006, NIEPA was given the status of a Deemed to be University", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Ille Gebeshuber", "paragraph_text": "Ille Gebeshuber studied at the Vienna University of Technology, where she continued to work as a key researcher and lecturer. From 2009 until 2015 she was a professor at the Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN) at the National University of Malaysia (UKM). Since 2016 she is back at her home institution, the Vienna University of Technology, at the Institute of Applied Physics. Her book \"Wo die Maschinen wachsen: Wie Lösungen aus dem Dschungel unser Leben verändern werden\" (Where the machines grow: How solutions from the jungle will change our lives) was shortlisted as Austrian Science Book of the Year 2017.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Bailey Gatzert", "paragraph_text": "Bailey Gatzert (December 29, 1829 – April 19, 1893) was an American politician and the eighth mayor of Seattle, Washington, serving from 1875 to 1876. He was the first Jewish mayor of Seattle, narrowly missing being the first Jewish mayor of a major American city (Moses Bloom became mayor of Iowa City, Iowa, in 1873), and has been the only Jewish mayor of Seattle to date.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Seattle", "paragraph_text": "Seattle is home to the University of Washington, as well as the institution's professional and continuing education unit, the University of Washington Educational Outreach. A study by Newsweek International in 2006 cited the University of Washington as the twenty-second best university in the world. Seattle also has a number of smaller private universities including Seattle University and Seattle Pacific University, the former a Jesuit Catholic institution, the latter Free Methodist; universities aimed at the working adult, like City University and Antioch University; colleges within the Seattle Colleges District system, comprising North, Central, and South; seminaries, including Western Seminary and a number of arts colleges, such as Cornish College of the Arts, Pratt Fine Arts Center, and The Art Institute of Seattle. In 2001, Time magazine selected Seattle Central Community College as community college of the year, stating the school \"pushes diverse students to work together in small teams\".", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "The Fiddlin' Buckaroo", "paragraph_text": "The Fiddlin' Buckaroo is a 1933 American Western film directed by Ken Maynard and written by Nate Gatzert. The film stars Ken Maynard, Gloria Shea, Fred Kohler, Frank Rice, Jack Rockwell and Joseph W. Girard. The film was released on July 20, 1933, by Universal Pictures.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Portugal", "paragraph_text": "The Bologna process has been adopted, since 2006, by Portuguese universities and poly-technical institutes. Higher education in state-run educational establishments is provided on a competitive basis, a system of numerus clausus is enforced through a national database on student admissions. However, every higher education institution offers also a number of additional vacant places through other extraordinary admission processes for sportsmen, mature applicants (over 23 years old), international students, foreign students from the Lusosphere, degree owners from other institutions, students from other institutions (academic transfer), former students (readmission), and course change, which are subject to specific standards and regulations set by each institution or course department. Most student costs are supported with public money. However, with the increasing tuition fees a student has to pay to attend a Portuguese state-run higher education institution and the attraction of new types of students (many as part-time students or in evening classes) like employees, businessmen, parents, and pensioners, many departments make a substantial profit from every additional student enrolled in courses, with benefits for the college or university's gross tuition revenue and without loss of educational quality (teacher per student, computer per student, classroom size per student, etc.).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse", "paragraph_text": "The Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse was a royal commission established in 2013 by the Australian government pursuant to the Royal Commissions Act 1902 to inquire into and report upon responses by institutions to instances and allegations of child sexual abuse in Australia. The establishment of the commission followed revelations of child abusers being moved from place to place instead of their abuse and crimes being reported. There were also revelations that adults failed to try to stop further acts of child abuse. The commission examined the history of abuse in educational institutions, religious groups, sporting organisations, state institutions and youth organisations. The final report of the commission was made public on 15 December 2017.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Hyderabad", "paragraph_text": "Hyderabad is also home to a number of centres specialising in particular fields such as biomedical sciences, biotechnology and pharmaceuticals, such as the National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) and National Institute of Nutrition (NIN). Hyderabad has five major medical schools—Osmania Medical College, Gandhi Medical College, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Deccan College of Medical Sciences and Shadan Institute of Medical Sciences—and many affiliated teaching hospitals. The Government Nizamia Tibbi College is a college of Unani medicine. Hyderabad is also the headquarters of the Indian Heart Association, a non-profit foundation for cardiovascular education.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Edith Heath", "paragraph_text": "Heath Ceramics was purchased by Robin Petravic and Catherine Bailey in 2003. Edith Heath died on December 27, 2005 at her home in Tiburon, California.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Kenjgewin Teg Educational Institute", "paragraph_text": "Kenjgewin Teg Educational Institute (KTEI) is an Aboriginal-owned and controlled post-secondary institution at M'Chigeeng First Nation, on Mnidoo Mnising Manitoulin Island, Ontario, Canada. In the Ojibwe language, Kenjgewin Teg means a place of knowledge. KTEI provides educational initiatives to its member population of 6,800+ people and to students in the surrounding area. Programs are offered to its eight-member First Nations:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Woodman Institute Museum", "paragraph_text": "The Woodman Institute Museum is located at 182 Central Avenue in Dover, New Hampshire, United States. It is a museum dedicated to history, science and the arts. It was created in 1915 with a bequest of $100,000 from philanthropist Annie Woodman to encourage her city's education in those three fields. The institute opened on July 26, 1916. Under the name of \"Woodman Institute\", the museum was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Montevideo", "paragraph_text": "The Montevideo Crandon Institute is an American School of missionary origin and the main Methodist educational institution in Uruguay. Founded in 1879 and supported by the Women's Society of the Methodist Church of the United States, it is one of the most traditional and emblematic institutions in the city inculcating John Wesley's values. Its alumni include presidents, senators, ambassadors and Nobel Prize winners, along with musicians, scientists, and others. The Montevideo Crandon Institute boasts of being the first academic institution in South America where a home economics course was taught.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Place the Face", "paragraph_text": "Place the Face is an American game show that aired on CBS and NBC from 1953 to 1955. The series was hosted by Jack Smith, Jack Bailey, and then Bill Cullen. Jack Narz was the announcer.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "National Institute of Education", "paragraph_text": "The National Institute of Education (NIE) is an autonomous institute of Nanyang Technological University (NTU) in Singapore. Ranked 12th in the world and 2nd in Asia by the QS World University Rankings in the subject of Education in 2015, the institute is the sole teacher education institute for teachers in Singapore. NIE provides all levels of teacher education, ranging from initial teacher preparation, to graduate and in-service programmes, and courses for serving teachers, department heads, vice-principals and principals. Its enrolment stands at more than 5,600 full-time equivalent students. The institute was first established as the Teachers' Training College in 1950.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Albert Zahn House", "paragraph_text": "The Albert Zahn House is located in Baileys Harbor, Wisconsin, United States. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "German Development Institute", "paragraph_text": "Since its founding in 1964, the German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE) has based its work on the interplay between Research, Consulting and Training. These three areas complement each other and are the factors responsible for the Institute’s distinctive profile.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Greece", "paragraph_text": "According to the Framework Law (3549/2007), Public higher education \"Highest Educational Institutions\" (Ανώτατα Εκπαιδευτικά Ιδρύματα, Anótata Ekpaideytiká Idrýmata, \"ΑΕΙ\") consists of two parallel sectors:the University sector (Universities, Polytechnics, Fine Arts Schools, the Open University) and the Technological sector (Technological Education Institutions (TEI) and the School of Pedagogic and Technological Education). There are also State Non-University Tertiary Institutes offering vocationally oriented courses of shorter duration (2 to 3 years) which operate under the authority of other Ministries. Students are admitted to these Institutes according to their performance at national level examinations taking place after completion of the third grade of Lykeio. Additionally, students over twenty-two years old may be admitted to the Hellenic Open University through a form of lottery. The Capodistrian University of Athens is the oldest university in the eastern Mediterranean.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "List of unrecognized higher education accreditation organizations", "paragraph_text": "Prerequisites and rules for higher education accreditation vary from country to country. In most countries, the function of quality assurance for higher education institutions is conducted by a government ministry of education. However in the United States, educational accreditation is performed primarily by private nonprofit membership associations, the legitimacy of which is validated through recognition by the United States Department of Education (USDE), the Council for Higher Education Accreditation (CHEA), or both. USDE and CHEA recognize many of the independent accrediting organizations, but not all. Accreditors seek USDE or CHEA recognition for different reasons; for example, USDE recognition is required for accreditors whose institutions or programs seek eligibility for federal student aid funds. CHEA recognition confers an academic legitimacy on accrediting organizations, helping to solidify the place of these organizations and their institutions and programs in the national higher education community.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 146310, "question": "In what place did Bailey Gatzert die?", "answer": "Seattle", "paragraph_support_idx": 4 }, { "id": 16121, "question": "What educational institution is at home in #1 ?", "answer": "University of Washington", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Climate of North Dakota", "paragraph_text": "Being 1,000 miles (1,609 km) from any large body of water (with the exception of Lake Superior), temperatures and precipitation in North Dakota can vary widely. North Dakota is far enough north to experience − 60 ° F (− 51 ° C) temperatures and blizzards during the winter months, but far enough south to experience 121 ° F (49 ° C) temperatures and tornado outbreaks in the summer. The 181 ° F degree (100 ° C) variation between North Dakota's highest and lowest temperature is the 3rd largest variation of any U.S. State, and the largest of any non-mountainous state.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change", "paragraph_text": "The third assessment report (TAR) prominently featured a graph labeled \"Millennial Northern Hemisphere temperature reconstruction\" based on a 1999 paper by Michael E. Mann, Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes (MBH99), which has been referred to as the \"hockey stick graph\". This graph extended the similar graph in Figure 3.20 from the IPCC Second Assessment Report of 1995, and differed from a schematic in the first assessment report that lacked temperature units, but appeared to depict larger global temperature variations over the past 1000 years, and higher temperatures during the Medieval Warm Period than the mid 20th century. The schematic was not an actual plot of data, and was based on a diagram of temperatures in central England, with temperatures increased on the basis of documentary evidence of Medieval vineyards in England. Even with this increase, the maximum it showed for the Medieval Warm Period did not reach temperatures recorded in central England in 2007. The MBH99 finding was supported by cited reconstructions by Jones et al. 1998, Pollack, Huang & Shen 1998, Crowley & Lowery 2000 and Briffa 2000, using differing data and methods. The Jones et al. and Briffa reconstructions were overlaid with the MBH99 reconstruction in Figure 2.21 of the IPCC report.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Ashgabat", "paragraph_text": "The Kopet-Dag mountain range is about 25 kilometres (16 mi) to the south, and Ashgabat's northern boundary touches the Kara-Kum desert. Because of this Ashgabat has a cold desert climate (Köppen climate classification: BWk) with hot, dry summers and cool, short winters. The average high temperature in July is 38.3 °C (100.9 °F). Nighttimes in the summer are warm, with an average minimum temperature in July of 23.8 °C (75 °F). The average January high temperature is 8.6 °C (47.5 °F), and the average low temperature is −0.4 °C (31.3 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Ashgabat is 47.2 °C (117 °F), recorded in June 2015. A low temperature of −24.1 °C (−11 °F) was recorded in January 1969. Snow is infrequent in the area. Annual precipitation is only 201 millimetres (7.91 in); March and April are the wettest months, and summer drought, from late June to September, is virtually absolute.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "The climate of New Delhi is a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa) with high variation between summer and winter in terms of both temperature and rainfall. The temperature varies from 46 °C (115 °F) in summers to around 0 °C (32 °F) in winters. The area's version of a humid subtropical climate is noticeably different from many other cities with this climate classification in that it features long and very hot summers, relatively dry and mild winters, a monsoonal period, and dust storms. Summers are long, extending from early April to October, with the monsoon season occurring in the middle of the summer. Winter starts in November and peaks in January. The annual mean temperature is around 25 °C (77 °F); monthly daily mean temperatures range from approximately 14 to 34 °C (57 to 93 °F). New Delhi's highest temperature ever recorded is 49.1 °C (120.4 °F) while the lowest temperature ever recorded is −3.2 °C (26.2 °F). Those for Delhi metropolis stand at 49.9 °C (121.8 °F) and −3.2 °C (26.2 °F) respectively. The average annual rainfall is 784 millimetres (30.9 in), most of which is during the monsoons in July and August.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Somerset", "paragraph_text": "Along with the rest of South West England, Somerset has a temperate climate which is generally wetter and milder than the rest of the country. The annual mean temperature is approximately 10 °C (50.0 °F). Seasonal temperature variation is less extreme than most of the United Kingdom because of the adjacent sea temperatures. The summer months of July and August are the warmest with mean daily maxima of approximately 21 °C (69.8 °F). In winter mean minimum temperatures of 1 °C (33.8 °F) or 2 °C (35.6 °F) are common. In the summer the Azores high pressure affects the south-west of England, but convective cloud sometimes forms inland, reducing the number of hours of sunshine. Annual sunshine rates are slightly less than the regional average of 1,600 hours. In December 1998 there were 20 days without sun recorded at Yeovilton. Most the rainfall in the south-west is caused by Atlantic depressions or by convection. Most of the rainfall in autumn and winter is caused by the Atlantic depressions, which is when they are most active. In summer, a large proportion of the rainfall is caused by sun heating the ground leading to convection and to showers and thunderstorms. Average rainfall is around 700 mm (28 in). About 8–15 days of snowfall is typical. November to March have the highest mean wind speeds, and June to August the lightest winds. The predominant wind direction is from the south-west.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "The 3rd Time Around", "paragraph_text": "The 3rd Time Around is the third studio album by American country music singer Roger Miller. It was released under the Smash Records label in 1965 (see 1965 in country music). The record reached #1 on the country album charts and #13 on the \"Billboard\" 200, his third highest ranking on the pop albums charts, and his only #1 country album.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Global temperature record", "paragraph_text": "The global temperature record shows the fluctuations of the temperature of the atmosphere and the oceans through various spans of time. The most detailed information exists since 1850, when methodical thermometer - based records began. There are numerous estimates of temperatures since the end of the Pleistocene glaciation, particularly during the current Holocene epoch. Older time periods are studied by paleoclimatology.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Victoria (Australia)", "paragraph_text": "The Victorian Alps in the northeast are the coldest part of Victoria. The Alps are part of the Great Dividing Range mountain system extending east-west through the centre of Victoria. Average temperatures are less than 9 °C (48 °F) in winter and below 0 °C (32 °F) in the highest parts of the ranges. The state's lowest minimum temperature of −11.7 °C (10.9 °F) was recorded at Omeo on 13 June 1965, and again at Falls Creek on 3 July 1970. Temperature extremes for the state are listed in the table below:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Highest temperature recorded on Earth", "paragraph_text": "According to the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), the highest confirmed air temperature on Earth was 56.7 ° C (134.1 ° F) in Furnace Creek Ranch, California, located in the Death Valley desert in the United States, on July 10, 1913. While measuring air temperature is standard, there are two other main ways that a temperature can be recorded.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Minneapolis", "paragraph_text": "The city experiences a full range of precipitation and related weather events, including snow, sleet, ice, rain, thunderstorms, and fog. The highest recorded temperature was 108 °F (42 °C) in July 1936 while the lowest was −41 °F (−41 °C) in January 1888. The snowiest winter on record was 1983–84, when 98.6 inches (250 cm) of snow fell, and the least snowy winter was 1890-91, when only 11.1 inches (28 cm) fell.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Instrumental temperature record", "paragraph_text": "The instrumental temperature record provides the temperature of Earth's climate system from the historical network of in situ measurements of surface air temperatures and ocean surface temperatures. Data are collected at thousands of meteorological stations, buoys and ships around the globe. The longest - running temperature record is the Central England temperature data series, that starts in 1659. The longest - running quasi-global record starts in 1850. In recent decades more extensive sampling of ocean temperatures at various depths have begun allowing estimates of ocean heat content but these do not form part of the global surface temperature datasets.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Guam", "paragraph_text": "Guam's climate is characterized as tropical marine moderated by seasonal northeast trade winds. The weather is generally very warm and humid with little seasonal temperature variation. The mean high temperature is 86 °F (30 °C) and mean low is 76 °F (24 °C) with an average annual rainfall of 96 inches (2,180 mm). The dry season runs from December to June. The remaining months (July to November) constitute the rainy season. The months of January and February are considered the coolest months of the year with overnight low temperatures of 70–75 °F (21–24 °C) and low humidity levels. The highest temperature ever recorded in Guam was 96 °F (36 °C) on April 18, 1971 and April 1, 1990, and the lowest temperature ever recorded was 65 °F (18 °C) on February 8, 1973.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Oklahoma", "paragraph_text": "All of the state frequently experiences temperatures above 100 °F (38 °C) or below 0 °F (−18 °C), though below-zero temperatures are rare in south-central and southeastern Oklahoma. Snowfall ranges from an average of less than 4 inches (10 cm) in the south to just over 20 inches (51 cm) on the border of Colorado in the panhandle. The state is home to the Storm Prediction Center, the National Severe Storms Laboratory, and the Warning Decision Training Branch, all part of the National Weather Service and located in Norman. Oklahoma's highest recorded temperature of 120 °F (49 °C) was recorded at Tipton on June 27, 1994 and the lowest recorded temperature of −31 °F (−35 °C) was recorded at Nowata on February 10, 2011.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Seattle", "paragraph_text": "Autumn, winter, and early spring are frequently characterized by rain. Winters are cool and wet with December, the coolest month, averaging 40.6 °F (4.8 °C), with 28 annual days with lows that reach the freezing mark, and 2.0 days where the temperature stays at or below freezing all day; the temperature rarely lowers to 20 °F (−7 °C). Summers are sunny, dry and warm, with August, the warmest month, averaging 66.1 °F (18.9 °C), and with temperatures reaching 90 °F (32 °C) on 3.1 days per year, although 2011 is the most recent year to not reach 90 °F. The hottest officially recorded temperature was 103 °F (39 °C) on July 29, 2009; the coldest recorded temperature was 0 °F (−18 °C) on January 31, 1950; the record cold daily maximum is 16 °F (−9 °C) on January 14, 1950, while, conversely, the record warm daily minimum is 71 °F (22 °C) the day the official record high was set. The average window for freezing temperatures is November 16 thru March 10, allowing a growing season of 250 days.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Melbourne", "paragraph_text": "Melbourne is also prone to isolated convective showers forming when a cold pool crosses the state, especially if there is considerable daytime heating. These showers are often heavy and can contain hail and squalls and significant drops in temperature, but they pass through very quickly at times with a rapid clearing trend to sunny and relatively calm weather and the temperature rising back to what it was before the shower. This often occurs in the space of minutes and can be repeated many times in a day, giving Melbourne a reputation for having \"four seasons in one day\", a phrase that is part of local popular culture and familiar to many visitors to the city. The lowest temperature on record is −2.8 °C (27.0 °F), on 21 July 1869. The highest temperature recorded in Melbourne city was 46.4 °C (115.5 °F), on 7 February 2009. While snow is occasionally seen at higher elevations in the outskirts of the city, it has not been recorded in the Central Business District since 1986.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Lila (album)", "paragraph_text": "Lila is the debut album of American country music singer Lila McCann. Released in 1997 on Asylum Records, the album produced four singles on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts: \"Down Came a Blackbird\" (#28), \"I Wanna Fall in Love\" (#3, McCann's highest-charting single), a cover of Sheena Easton's \"Almost Over You\" (#42) and finally, \"Yippy Ky Yay\" (#63). The album itself has been certified platinum by the RIAA for U.S. shipments of one million copies, and it was the highest-selling debut album by a country artist in 1997.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Southampton", "paragraph_text": "As with the rest of the UK, Southampton experiences an oceanic climate (Köppen Cfb). Its southerly, low lying and sheltered location ensures it is among the warmer, sunnier cities in the UK. It has held the record for the highest temperature in the UK for June at 35.6 °C (96.1 °F) since 1976.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "La Pivellina", "paragraph_text": "La Pivellina (The Little One) is a 2009 Austrian feature film debut directed by Tizza Covi and Rainer Frimmel. The film premiered at the 2009 Cannes Film Festival in the Directors' Fortnight, where it has been awarded the Europa Cinemas Label as Best European Film.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Joanne (Michael Nesmith song)", "paragraph_text": "``Joanne ''Song by Michael Nesmith from the album Magnetic South Released 1970 Recorded 1970 Genre Country rock Length 3: 10 Label RCA Victor Songwriter (s) Michael Nesmith Producer (s) Felton Jarvis", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Jacksonville, Florida", "paragraph_text": "Mean monthly temperatures range from around 53 F in January to 82 F in July. High temperatures average 64 to 92 °F (18 to 33 °C) throughout the year. High heat indices are common for the summer months in the area, with indices above 110 °F (43.3 °C) possible. The highest temperature recorded was 104 °F (40 °C) on July 11, 1879 and July 28, 1872. It is common for thunderstorms to erupt during a typical summer afternoon. These are caused by the rapid heating of the land relative to the water, combined with extremely high humidity.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 105644, "question": "Which was the country for Covies?", "answer": "Ireland", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 161173, "question": "Where was #1 's highest temperature recorded?", "answer": "Kilkenny Castle in Kilkenny", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Attribution of the 2008 Mumbai attacks", "paragraph_text": "Attribution of the 2008 Mumbai attacks were first made by the Indian authorities who said that the Mumbai attacks were directed by Lashkar-e-Taiba militants inside Pakistan. American intelligence agencies also agree with this attribution. Pakistan initially contested this attribution, but agreed this was the case on 7 January 2009. To back up its accusations, the Indian government supplied a dossier to Pakistan's high commission in Delhi. The Pakistan government dismissed the dossier as \"not evidence,\" but also announced that it had detained over a hundred members of Jamaat-ud-Dawa, a charity linked with Lashkar-e-Taiba. In February 2009, Pakistan's Interior Minister Rehman Malik agreed that \"some part of the conspiracy\" did take place in Pakistan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Murray Land District", "paragraph_text": "Murray Land District is a land district (cadastral division) of Western Australia, located within the South-West Land Division on the state's west coast. It spans roughly 32°25'S - 32°56'S in latitude and 115°25'E - 116°30'E in longitude, and is located on the Indian Ocean coast, taking in the Shires of Murray and Waroona, the eastern part of the Serpentine-Jarrahdale and the western suburbs of Mandurah.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Delhi Institute of Tool Engineering", "paragraph_text": "Delhi Institute of Tool Engineering (DITE) is a Delhi State Government Engineering college located in the Wazirpur Industrial Area of New Delhi, India.It has a new and specialized programme Mechatronics and Tool Engineering.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Daawat-e-Ishq", "paragraph_text": "The film was released on 19 September 2014, to mostly positive reviews. \"The Hindu\" said \"Daawat-e-Ishq\" was a \"potent recipe\", and \"Times of India\" gave it four stars out of five. The film collected at the box office in its first week run.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "New Delhi metro station", "paragraph_text": "New Delhi is a station on the Yellow Line of the Delhi Metro. It is within walking distance from the Indian Railways New Delhi station. It is on the Ajmeri Gate (Platform Number 16) side of the New Delhi Railway Station.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Permanent Court of International Justice", "paragraph_text": "Permanent Court of International Justice Cour permanente de justice internationale The seal of the Permanent Court of International Justice. The successor International Court of Justice adopted the seal as well. Established 1920 Dissolved 1946 Country Netherlands Location The Hague Coordinates 52 ° 05 ′ 11.76 ''N 4 ° 17 ′ 43.80'' E  /  52.0866000 ° N 4.2955000 ° E  / 52.0866000; 4.2955000 Coordinates: 52 ° 05 ′ 11.76 ''N 4 ° 17 ′ 43.80'' E  /  52.0866000 ° N 4.2955000 ° E  / 52.0866000; 4.2955000", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Ishq (2012 film)", "paragraph_text": "Ishq (English: \"Love\") is a 2012 Telugu romantic drama film written and directed by Vikram Kumar. The film was produced by Vikram Goud under Shresht Movies banner. The film features Nithiin and Nithya Menen in the lead with Ajay in a pivotal role. Cinematography for the film was handled by P. C. Sreeram and the music was composed by Anup Rubens with tracks \"Sutigaa\" and \"Edho Edho\" composed by music duo Aravind-Shankar. The dialogues were written by R. Samala. Ishq was released on 24 February 2012 to positive reviews and became one of the highest-grossing films of 2012 and won the Nandi Award for Best Home-viewing Feature Film.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Ishq Be Parwah", "paragraph_text": "Ishq Be Parwah is an Urdu movie from Pakistan, directed by Altaf Hussein. It stars Veena Malik, Moammar Rana and Sana, Tariq Shah, Babar Butt Shafqat Cheema, Naghma Begum, Naseem Vicky, Tariq Teddy", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "Although colloquially Delhi and New Delhi as names are used interchangeably to refer to the jurisdiction of NCT of Delhi, these are two distinct entities, and the latter is a small part of the former.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "County of Tatchera", "paragraph_text": "The County of Tatchera is one of the 37 counties of Victoria which are part of the cadastral divisions of Australia, used for land titles. It is located to the south of the Murray River, and to the south west of Swan Hill, with its western boundary at 143°E, and part of the southern boundary at 36°S.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah", "paragraph_text": "The major part of the shooting is done in Mumbai. However, some parts of the show have also been shot in places such as Gujarat, New Delhi, Goa and in foreign locations such as London, Brussels, Paris and Hong Kong.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "River Yare", "paragraph_text": "Yare River The river at Thorpe Green, Norwich Country England Region Norfolk Part of River Wensum Source - location west of Shipdham - elevation 79 m (259 ft) - coordinates 52 ° 37 ′ 11 ''N 0 ° 50 ′ 19'' E  /  52.6196 ° N 0.8386 ° E  / 52.6196; 0.8386 Mouth Breydon Water - location Burgh Castle - elevation 0 m (0 ft) - coordinates 52 ° 35 ′ 17 ''N 1 ° 38 ′ 33'' E  /  52.58798 ° N 1.64262 ° E  / 52.58798; 1.64262 Coordinates: 52 ° 35 ′ 17 ''N 1 ° 38 ′ 33'' E  /  52.58798 ° N 1.64262 ° E  / 52.58798; 1.64262 Length 83.5 km (52 mi) Location of the river mouth within Norfolk", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "With a total area of 42.7 km2 (16.5 sq mi), New Delhi forms a small part of the Delhi metropolitan area. Because the city is located on the Indo-Gangetic Plain, there is little difference in elevation across the city. New Delhi and surrounding areas were once a part of the Aravalli Range; all that is left of those mountains is the Delhi Ridge, which is also called the Lungs of Delhi. While New Delhi lies on the floodplains of the Yamuna River, it is essentially a landlocked city. East of the river is the urban area of Shahdara. New Delhi falls under the seismic zone-IV, making it vulnerable to earthquakes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Ishq Brandy", "paragraph_text": "Ishq Brandy is a Punjabi comedy film directed by Amit Prasher, Starring Roshan Prince, Binnu Dhillon, Shobhita Rana, Alfaaz. Japji Khaira. Movie is produced under banner Future Cine Vision. Film Music is given by Yo Yo Honey Singh and Sachh & Lyrics by Alfaaz. \"Ishq Brandy\" was released on 21 February 2014.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "IndusInd Bank", "paragraph_text": "As on June 30, 2016, IndusInd Bank has 1,004 branches, and 1885 ATMs spread across 625 geographical locations of the country. It also has representative offices in London, Dubai and Abu Dhabi... Mumbai has the maximum number of bank branches followed by New Delhi and Chennai. The bank has also proposed to double the branches count to 1200 by March 2017.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Delhi, Wisconsin", "paragraph_text": "Delhi, Wisconsin is a ghost town in the town of Rushford, Winnebago County, Wisconsin, United States. It is located on County Highway E between Omro and Eureka at the junction of the Fox River and Waukau Creek. Delhi was also known as La Borde's Landing. 1980 census records identify Delhi as Island Park. Delhi had an established post office between 1850-1893.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Leaning Tower of Pisa", "paragraph_text": "Leaning Tower of Pisa Torre pendente di Pisa Leaning Tower of Pisa Basic information Location Pisa, Italy Geographic coordinates 43 ° 43 ′ 23 ''N 10 ° 23 ′ 47'' E  /  43.72306 ° N 10.39639 ° E  / 43.72306; 10.39639 Coordinates: 43 ° 43 ′ 23 ''N 10 ° 23 ′ 47'' E  /  43.72306 ° N 10.39639 ° E  / 43.72306; 10.39639 Affiliation Roman Catholic Country Italy Website www.opapisa.it Architectural description Architect (s) Bonanno Pisano Architectural style Romanesque Groundbreaking 1173 Completed 1372 Specifications Height (max) 55.86 metres (183.3 ft) Materials marble stone UNESCO World Heritage Site Part of Piazza del Duomo, Pisa Criteria Cultural: i, ii, iv, vi Reference 395 Inscription 1987 (11th Session)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Golestan Province", "paragraph_text": "Golestān Province (Persian: استان گلستان‎, Ostān-e Golestān) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran, located in the north-east of the country south of the Caspian Sea. Its capital is Gorgan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Rule of law", "paragraph_text": "In 1959, an international gathering of over 185 judges, lawyers, and law professors from 53 countries, meeting in New Delhi and speaking as the International Commission of Jurists, made a declaration as to the fundamental principle of the rule of law. This was the Declaration of Delhi. They declared that the rule of law implies certain rights and freedoms, that it implies an independent judiciary, and that it implies social, economic and cultural conditions conducive to human dignity. The Declaration of Delhi did not, however, suggest that the rule of law requires legislative power to be subject to judicial review.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Sky UK", "paragraph_text": "When Sky Digital was launched in 1998 the new service used the Astra 2A satellite which was located at the 28.5°E orbital position, unlike the analogue service which was broadcast from 19.2°E. This was subsequently followed by more Astra satellites as well as Eutelsat's Eurobird 1 (now Eutelsat 33C) at 28.5°E), enabled the company to launch a new all-digital service, Sky, with the potential to carry hundreds of television and radio channels. The old position was shared with broadcasters from several European countries, while the new position at 28.5°E came to be used almost exclusively for channels that broadcast to the United Kingdom.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 106899, "question": "What is the country Daawat-e-Ishq is from?", "answer": "India", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 }, { "id": 11098, "question": "In what part of #1 is Delhi located?", "answer": "the centre of northern India", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[ "India", "IND", "in", "IN" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Mark Davis (American football)", "paragraph_text": "Mark Davis (born 1954 or 1955) is the principal owner and managing general partner of the Oakland Raiders of the National Football League (NFL).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Andre Agassi", "paragraph_text": "After suffering from sciatica caused by two bulging discs in his back, a spondylolisthesis (vertebral displacement) and a bone spur that interfered with the nerve, Agassi retired from professional tennis on September 3, 2006, after losing in the third round of the US Open to Benjamin Becker. He is the founder of the Andre Agassi Charitable Foundation, which has raised over $60 million for at-risk children in Southern Nevada. In 2001, the Foundation opened the Andre Agassi College Preparatory Academy in Las Vegas, a K-12 public charter school for at-risk children. He has been married to fellow tennis player Steffi Graf since 2001.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "History of the Los Angeles Raiders", "paragraph_text": "Prior to the 1980 season, Al Davis attempted unsuccessfully to have improvements made to the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum, specifically the addition of luxury boxes. That year, he signed a Memorandum of Agreement to move the Raiders from Oakland to Los Angeles. The move, which required three - fourths approval by league owners, was defeated 22 -- 0 (with five owners abstaining). When Davis tried to move the team anyway, he was blocked by an injunction. In response, the Raiders not only became an active partner in an antitrust lawsuit filed by the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum (who had recently lost the Los Angeles Rams), but filed an antitrust lawsuit of their own. After the first case was declared a mistrial, in May 1982 a second jury found in favor of Davis and the Los Angeles Coliseum, clearing the way for the move. With the ruling, the Raiders finally relocated to Los Angeles for the 1982 season to play their home games at the Los Angeles Coliseum.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "2017 Oakland Raiders season", "paragraph_text": "The 2017 Oakland Raiders season is the 58th overall season of the Oakland Raiders franchise, the franchise's 48th season in the National Football League, their 24th season since their return to Oakland, and the third under head coach Jack Del Rio. The Raiders are looking to win their first AFC West title since 2002 and the Super Bowl for the first time since 1983, when the club was still in Los Angeles. The Raiders began the season on September 10 at the Tennessee Titans and will finish the season December 31 at the Los Angeles Chargers. The Raiders, as they did in 2016, will play one home game in Mexico City, this time against the New England Patriots.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "2002 US Open (tennis)", "paragraph_text": "Both Lleyton Hewitt and Venus Williams were unsuccessful in their title defences, Hewitt being defeated in the semifinals by Andre Agassi and Venus being defeated in the final by her younger sister Serena. It was the third of four consecutive Grand Slam titles won by Serena, all won by defeating Venus in the final. Pete Sampras, runner - up in 2001, won his fifth US Open title, and his 14th and final Grand Slam title, defeating his rival Agassi in the final in four sets.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "RingCentral Coliseum", "paragraph_text": "The Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum, often referred to as the Oakland Coliseum, is a multi-purpose stadium in Oakland, California, United States, which is home to both the Oakland Athletics of Major League Baseball (MLB) and the Oakland Raiders of the National Football League (NFL). It opened in 1966 and is the only remaining stadium in the United States that is shared by professional football and baseball teams. The Coliseum was also home to some games of the San Jose Earthquakes of Major League Soccer in 2008 -- 2009 and hosted games at the 2009 CONCACAF Gold Cup. The Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum complex consists of the stadium and the neighboring Oracle Arena.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "1999 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Singles", "paragraph_text": "Pete Sampras successfully defended his title, defeating Andre Agassi in the final, 6–3, 6–4, 7–5 to win the Gentlemen's Singles tennis title at the 1999 Wimbledon Championships. With this win, his sixth at Wimbledon, Sampras broke Björn Borg's then open era record of five Wimbledon titles, and equalled Roy Emerson's then record of twelve Grand Slam titles. Sampras' victory over Agassi in the final is often cited as one of the greatest performances in a Wimbledon final. However, despite his victory, Sampras lost his No. 1 ranking when the ATP rankings were updated a day later to Agassi, who in addition to his run to the Wimbledon Final, had recently won the 1999 French Open.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Oakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas", "paragraph_text": "On March 6, 2017, the Raiders revealed that Bank of America would be replacing Sheldon Adelson's portion of the funding for the new stadium in Las Vegas. On March 27, 2017, the National Football League officially approved the Raiders move from Oakland to Las Vegas in a 31 -- 1 vote, ensuring them a new stadium in the process. However, even though the Raiders were approved to move to Las Vegas, the club will still play the 2017 and 2018 NFL seasons at the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum and still be known as the Oakland Raiders so as long as they play in the San Francisco Bay Area. About one thousand season ticket holders asked for and received refunds after the move to Las Vegas was announced. Their tickets were sold to other fans within hours, and the Raiders' 53,250 season tickets were all sold out by late May.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 8, "title": "History of the Oakland Raiders", "paragraph_text": "In 1995, the Raiders returned to Oakland. After several years of continued mediocrity, the team entered a brief period of pronounced success in the early 2000s. From 2000 to 2002, the Raiders won three consecutive division titles and four playoff games; their renaissance culminated with a lopsided 2002 loss to the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in Super Bowl XXXVII. The Super Bowl loss marked the beginning of a lengthy period of futility for the Raiders; from 2003 through 2015, the Raiders failed to post a single winning season or clinch a single playoff berth. In 2016, the Raiders finally ended their postseason drought, finishing with a 12 -- 4 record before losing to the Houston Texans 27 -- 14 in the Wild Card round of the playoffs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Lamar Mady", "paragraph_text": "Lamar Mady (born December 13, 1990) is an American football center for the Arizona Rattlers of the Indoor Football League (IFL). He was signed by the Oakland Raiders as an undrafted free agent in 2013. He played college football for Youngstown State.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "1991 French Open – Men's Singles", "paragraph_text": "Ninth-seeded Jim Courier defeated Andre Agassi 3–6, 6–4, 2–6, 6–1, 6–4 in the final to win the Men's Singles tennis title at the 1991 French Open.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Brad Lekkerkerker", "paragraph_text": "Brad Lekkerkerker (born May 8, 1978, in Upland, California) is an offensive tackle who formerly played for the Oakland Raiders of the National Football League (NFL). He was originally acquired as a free agent in 2004 by the Houston Texans then was on and off the Oakland Raiders roster. Lekkerkerker was allocated to NFL Europe in 2006 then placed on the Reserve/Retired List by the Raiders on July 26, 2006. He played collegiately at the University of California, Davis. Lekkerkerker is the older brother of free agent lineman Cory Lekkerkerker.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Minnesota Vikings", "paragraph_text": "The Vikings played in Super Bowl XI, their third Super Bowl (fourth overall) in four years, against the Oakland Raiders at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena, California, on January 9, 1977. The Vikings, however, lost 32 -- 14.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "List of National Football League career receptions leaders", "paragraph_text": "Rank Player Team (s) Receptions Jerry Rice San Francisco 49ers Oakland Raiders Seattle Seahawks 1,549 Tony Gonzalez Kansas City Chiefs Atlanta Falcons 1,325 Fitzgerald, Larry Larry Fitzgerald Arizona Cardinals 1,234 Witten, Jason Jason Witten Dallas Cowboys 1,152 Marvin Harrison Indianapolis Colts 1,102 6 Cris Carter Minnesota Vikings Miami Dolphins 1,101 7 Tim Brown Los Angeles / Oakland Raiders Tampa Bay Buccaneers 1,094 8 Terrell Owens San Francisco 49ers Philadelphia Eagles Dallas Cowboys Buffalo Bills Cincinnati Bengals 1,078 9 Anquan Boldin Arizona Cardinals Baltimore Ravens San Francisco 49ers Detroit Lions 1,076 10 Reggie Wayne Indianapolis Colts 1,070 11 Andre Johnson Houston Texans Indianapolis Colts Tennessee Titans 1,062 12 Steve Smith Sr. Carolina Panthers Baltimore Ravens 1,031 13 Isaac Bruce Los Angeles / St. Louis Rams San Francisco 49ers 1,024 14 Hines Ward Pittsburgh Steelers 1,000", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "History of the Los Angeles Raiders", "paragraph_text": "The professional American football team now known as the Oakland Raiders played in Los Angeles, California from 1982 to 1994 before relocating back to Oakland. This article chronicles the team's history during their time as the Los Angeles Raiders.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Michael Husted", "paragraph_text": "Michael James Husted (born June 16, 1970) is a former American football placekicker who played in the National Football League. He played nine seasons with four teams. His first six seasons were with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. He also played for the Oakland Raiders, the Washington Redskins, and the Kansas City Chiefs. He retired after the 2002 season.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "DeJuan Green", "paragraph_text": "DeJuan Green is an American football player who played three seasons for the Oakland Raiders, from 2004 to 2006. Green was born in Jacksonville, Florida on May 13, 1980.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "2016 Oakland Raiders season", "paragraph_text": "The 2016 Oakland Raiders season was the 57th overall of the Oakland Raiders franchise, the franchise's 47th season in the National Football League, their 23th season since their return to Oakland, and the second under head coach Jack Del Rio. The Raiders improved on a 7 -- 9 campaign in 2015 and finished with a winning record for the first time since 2002, finishing the regular season with a 12 -- 4 record.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Mike Haluchak", "paragraph_text": "Mike Haluchak (born November 28, 1949 in Concord, CA) is an American football coach. He served as the linebackers coach for the Oakland Raiders from 2009 until 2010.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Oakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas", "paragraph_text": "The Oakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas was a successful effort by the owner of the Oakland Raiders (Mark Davis) to relocate the American football club from its current and longtime home of Oakland, California to Las Vegas, Nevada. The team is scheduled to begin play as the Las Vegas Raiders for the 2020 National Football League (NFL) season (although a move to Las Vegas could happen as soon as 2019 with Sam Boyd Stadium), playing home games at the Las Vegas Stadium. NFL team owners voted 31 -- 1 to approve the move, which was announced at the annual league meetings in Phoenix, Arizona on March 27, 2017. The Raiders became the third NFL franchise to relocate in the 2010s, following the Rams' move from St. Louis, Missouri to Los Angeles, California on January 12, 2016, and the Chargers' move from San Diego, California to Los Angeles on January 12, 2017. The Raiders' move to Las Vegas comes after years of failed efforts to renovate or replace the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum, which has been rated by multiple sources as one of the worst stadiums in the NFL.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 152871, "question": "What city is Andre Agassi from?", "answer": "Las Vegas", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 }, { "id": 59934, "question": "when are the oakland raiders going to #1", "answer": "March 27, 2017", "paragraph_support_idx": 7 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Railway electrification system", "paragraph_text": "There has, however, been interest among railroad operators in returning to DC use at higher voltages than previously used. At the same voltage, DC often has less loss than AC, and for this reason high-voltage direct current is already used on some bulk power transmission lines. DC avoids the electromagnetic radiation inherent with AC, and on a railway this also reduces interference with signalling and communications and mitigates hypothetical EMF risks. DC also avoids the power factor problems of AC. Of particular interest to railroading is that DC can supply constant power with a single ungrounded wire. Constant power with AC requires three-phase transmission with at least two ungrounded wires. Another important consideration is that mains-frequency 3-phase AC must be carefully planned to avoid unbalanced phase loads. Parts of the system are supplied from different phases on the assumption that the total loads of the 3 phases will even out. At the phase break points between regions supplied from different phases, long insulated supply breaks are required to avoid them being shorted by rolling stock using more than one pantograph at a time. A few railroads have tried 3-phase but its substantial complexity has made single-phase standard practice despite the interruption in power flow that occurs twice every cycle. An experimental 6 kV DC railway was built in the Soviet Union.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Hannover Hauptbahnhof", "paragraph_text": "A wooden platform area was built next to the entrance building and on each side of the two tracks. That was enough for the first traffic because the still short trains running to the east and the west stopped at the same platform. There were no through trains initially. The first through train ran from 1 May 1851 between Berlin and Cologne. The first railway workshop was built opposite the station building. In 1853, the opening of the first section of the Southern Railway to Alfeld, Göttingen and Kassel made the through station into a railway junction. A marshalling yard was established in Hainholz to relieve the station in 1868.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Ural State University of Railway Transport", "paragraph_text": "Ural State University of Railway Transport (USURT) or Уральский государственный университет путей сообщения (УрГУПС) is a public university situated in Ekaterinburg, Russia. It was founded the 23 of June 1956. Its general mission is to prepare specialists for railway transport in the Urals and neighboring regions of Central Russia and Siberia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Astronomical clock", "paragraph_text": "The first clock was built between 1352 and 1354 and stopped working sometime at the beginning of the 16th century. A second clock was then built by Herlin, Conrad Dasypodius, the Habrecht brothers, and others, between 1547 and 1574. This clock stopped working in 1788 or 1789 (as it apparently stopped working gradually, each component being disconnected", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Electric motor", "paragraph_text": "Operating at normal power line frequencies, universal motors are often found in a range less than 1000 watts. Universal motors also formed the basis of the traditional railway traction motor in electric railways. In this application, the use of AC to power a motor originally designed to run on DC would lead to efficiency losses due to eddy current heating of their magnetic components, particularly the motor field pole-pieces that, for DC, would have used solid (un-laminated) iron and they are now rarely used.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Russia", "paragraph_text": "Railway transport in Russia is mostly under the control of the state-run Russian Railways monopoly. The company accounts for over 3.6% of Russia's GDP and handles 39% of the total freight traffic (including pipelines) and more than 42% of passenger traffic. The total length of common-used railway tracks exceeds 85,500 km (53,127 mi), second only to the United States. Over 44,000 km (27,340 mi) of tracks are electrified, which is the largest number in the world, and additionally there are more than 30,000 km (18,641 mi) of industrial non-common carrier lines. Railways in Russia, unlike in the most of the world, use broad gauge of 1,520 mm (4 ft 11 27⁄32 in), with the exception of 957 km (595 mi) on Sakhalin island using narrow gauge of 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in). The most renowned railway in Russia is Trans-Siberian (Transsib), spanning a record 7 time zones and serving the longest single continuous services in the world, Moscow-Vladivostok (9,259 km (5,753 mi)), Moscow–Pyongyang (10,267 km (6,380 mi)) and Kiev–Vladivostok (11,085 km (6,888 mi)).As of 2006 Russia had 933,000 km of roads, of which 755,000 were paved. Some of these make up the Russian federal motorway system. With a large land area the road density is the lowest of all the G8 and BRIC countries.Much of Russia's inland waterways, which total 102,000 km (63,380 mi), are made up of natural rivers or lakes. In the European part of the country the network of channels connects the basins of major rivers. Russia's capital, Moscow, is sometimes called \"the port of the five seas\", because of its waterway connections to the Baltic, White, Caspian, Azov and Black Seas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Kilburn High Road railway station", "paragraph_text": "Kilburn High Road railway station is a London Overground station on the London Euston to Watford DC Line near the south end of the Kilburn High Road, London NW6 in the London Borough of Camden.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Vitebsky railway station", "paragraph_text": "St Petersburg-Vitebsky () is a railway station in Saint Petersburg, Russia. Formerly known as \"St Petersburg-Tsarskoselsky\" station, it was the first railway station to be built in Saint Petersburg and the whole of the Russian Empire.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Keadby railway station", "paragraph_text": "The original Keadby railway station was the eastern-most terminus of the South Yorkshire Railway. The railway, which was extended from Thorne and opened in September 1859 was built without an Act of Parliament, as the railway company owned the canal alongside which they built the line.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Port Harford, California", "paragraph_text": "Port Harford is a former town in San Luis Obispo County, California, US. It was established in 1871 after John Harford built a pier and a horse drawn railroad to span the two miles between his pier and Avila (now called Avila Beach). In the 1880s the Pacific Coast Railway stopped in Port Harford on its route from San Luis Obispo to Santa Maria. All that remains of the original town are the 1919 pier and a wooden warehouse canopy that now houses Olde Port Inn Restaurant.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "VHF Records", "paragraph_text": "VHF Records is an American record label, known for their extensive work with several major experimental artists. The label is based in the Washington, DC suburb of Fairfax, Va., and it initially focused on indie and experimental bands from that region. The label has since branched out to release innovative and offbeat music from around the world, although Northern Virginia artists are still prominently featured in the catalog.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Railway electrification system", "paragraph_text": "Railways must operate at variable speeds. Until the mid 1980s this was only practical with the brush-type DC motor, although such DC can be supplied from an AC catenary via on-board electric power conversion. Since such conversion was not well developed in the late 19th century and early 20th century, most early electrified railways used DC and many still do, particularly rapid transit (subways) and trams. Speed was controlled by connecting the traction motors in various series-parallel combinations, by varying the traction motors' fields, and by inserting and removing starting resistances to limit motor current.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Steam engine", "paragraph_text": "The first full-scale working railway steam locomotive was built by Richard Trevithick in the United Kingdom and, on 21 February 1804, the world's first railway journey took place as Trevithick's unnamed steam locomotive hauled a train along the tramway from the Pen-y-darren ironworks, near Merthyr Tydfil to Abercynon in south Wales. The design incorporated a number of important innovations that included using high-pressure steam which reduced the weight of the engine and increased its efficiency. Trevithick visited the Newcastle area later in 1804 and the colliery railways in north-east England became the leading centre for experimentation and development of steam locomotives.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Kajaani railway station", "paragraph_text": "The Kajaani railway station was built from 1904 to 1905, when the railway from Iisalmi to Kajaani was completed as an extension to the Savonia railroad. The station building was designed by Gustaf Nyström. This Jugend building has been called the most beautiful station building in Finland.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Soviet Union", "paragraph_text": "With the rise of strong nationalist and separatist movements inside the union republics, Gorbachev tried to avert a dissolution of the Soviet Union in the post-Cold War era. A March 1991 referendum, boycotted by some republics, resulted in a majority of participating citizens voting in favor of preserving the union as a renewed federation. Gorbachev's power was greatly diminished after Russian President Boris Yeltsin played a high - profile role in facing down an abortive August 1991 coup d'état attempted by Communist Party hardliners. On 25 December 1991, Gorbachev resigned and the remaining twelve constituent republics emerged as independent post-Soviet states. The Russian Federation -- formerly the Russian SFSR -- assumed the Soviet Union's rights and obligations and is recognized as the successor state of the Soviet Union. In summing up the international ramifications of these events, Vladislav Zubok stated: ``The collapse of the Soviet empire was an event of epochal geopolitical, military, ideological and economic significance. ''", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 15, "title": "LMS diesel shunter 7050", "paragraph_text": "LMS diesel shunter 7050 is an experimental 0-4-0 diesel-mechanical shunting locomotive, introduced by the London Midland and Scottish Railway (LMSR) in 1934 and which remained in service with that railway for six years. It was later acquired for military use and is now preserved at the National Railway Museum.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Dordrecht Zuid railway station", "paragraph_text": "Dordrecht Zuid is a railway station in the south of Dordrecht, Netherlands, located on the Breda–Rotterdam railway between Lage Zwaluwe and Dordrecht. Trains running between Den Haag Centraal, Roosendaal and Breda stop at this station. The current railway building was constructed in the early 1970s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Rail transport in India", "paragraph_text": "The first proposals for railways in India were made in Madras in 1832. The first train in India ran from Red Hills to Chintadripet bridge in Madras in 1837. It was called Red Hill Railway. It was hauled by a rotary steam engine locomotive manufactured by William Avery. It was built by Sir Arthur Cotton. It was mainly used for transporting granite stones for road building work in Madras. In 1845, a railway was built at Dowleswaram in Rajahmundry. It was called Godavari Dam Construction Railway. It was also built by Arthur Cotton. It was used to supply stones for construction of a dam over Godavari. On May 8, 1845, Madras Railway was incorporated. In the same year East India Railway company was incorporated. On August 1, 1849, Great Indian Peninsular Railway was incorporated by an Act of Parliament. ``Guarantee System ''providing free land and guaranteed rates of return (5%) to the private English companies willing to work on building railways was finalized on August 17, 1849. In 1851, a railway was built in Roorkee. It was called Solani Aqueduct Railway. It was hauled by steam locomotive called Thomason, named after a British officer. It was used for transporting construction materials for building of aqueduct over Solani river. In 1852, the Madras Guaranteed Railway Company was incorporated.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "GER Class 127", "paragraph_text": "The GER Class 127 was a class of a solitary experimental 0-6-0 compound steam locomotive built by the Great Eastern Railway at its Stratford Works in 1888. It was rebuilt as a simple locomotive in 1895, and withdrawn in 1913.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Kimanis", "paragraph_text": "Kimanis is a fully integrated township and also a parliamentary constituency in the West Coast Division of Sabah, Malaysia. It is located approximately 45 kilometres south of the city of Kota Kinabalu. Kimanis used to be the base for the American Trading Company of Borneo owned by Joseph William Torrey, Thomas Bradley Harris and Chinese investors, which obtained a lease over part of northern Borneo area from the Sultanate of Brunei in the late 19th century. The area was then taken over by the British under the administration of North Borneo. The British built a railway track with the Kimanis railway station became one of the stops for the present-day Sabah State Railway.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 32290, "question": "Where was an experimental 6kV DC railway built?", "answer": "the Soviet Union", "paragraph_support_idx": 0 }, { "id": 69169, "question": "when did they stop calling russia #1", "answer": "1991", "paragraph_support_idx": 14 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Frédéric Chopin", "paragraph_text": "During the summers at Nohant, particularly in the years 1839–43, Chopin found quiet, productive days during which he composed many works, including his Polonaise in A-flat major, Op. 53. Among the visitors to Nohant were Delacroix and the mezzo-soprano Pauline Viardot, whom Chopin had advised on piano technique and composition. Delacroix gives an account of staying at Nohant in a letter of 7 June 1842:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Frédéric Chopin", "paragraph_text": "Chopin's music remains very popular and is regularly performed, recorded and broadcast worldwide. The world's oldest monographic music competition, the International Chopin Piano Competition, founded in 1927, is held every five years in Warsaw. The Fryderyk Chopin Institute of Poland lists on its website over eighty societies world-wide devoted to the composer and his music. The Institute site also lists nearly 1,500 performances of Chopin works on YouTube as of January 2014.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Frédéric Chopin", "paragraph_text": "Two of Chopin's long-standing pupils, Karol Mikuli (1821–1897) and Georges Mathias, were themselves piano teachers and passed on details of his playing to their own students, some of whom (such as Raoul Koczalski) were to make recordings of his music. Other pianists and composers influenced by Chopin's style include Louis Moreau Gottschalk, Édouard Wolff (1816–1880) and Pierre Zimmermann. Debussy dedicated his own 1915 piano Études to the memory of Chopin; he frequently played Chopin's music during his studies at the Paris Conservatoire, and undertook the editing of Chopin's piano music for the publisher Jacques Durand.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Frédéric Chopin", "paragraph_text": "The British Library notes that \"Chopin's works have been recorded by all the great pianists of the recording era.\" The earliest recording was an 1895 performance by Paul Pabst of the Nocturne in E major Op. 62 No. 2. The British Library site makes available a number of historic recordings, including some by Alfred Cortot, Ignaz Friedman, Vladimir Horowitz, Benno Moiseiwitsch, Paderewski, Arthur Rubinstein, Xaver Scharwenka and many others. A select discography of recordings of Chopin works by pianists representing the various pedagogic traditions stemming from Chopin is given by Methuen-Campbell in his work tracing the lineage and character of those traditions.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Frédéric Chopin", "paragraph_text": "Numerous recordings of Chopin's works are available. On the occasion of the composer's bicentenary, the critics of The New York Times recommended performances by the following contemporary pianists (among many others): Martha Argerich, Vladimir Ashkenazy, Emanuel Ax, Evgeny Kissin, Murray Perahia, Maurizio Pollini and Krystian Zimerman. The Warsaw Chopin Society organizes the Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin for notable Chopin recordings, held every five years.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "The Storm (short story)", "paragraph_text": "``The Storm ''is a short story written by American writer Kate Chopin in 1898. The setting of the story takes place during the 19th Century somewhere in the south where storms are frequent and dangerous. It did not appear in print in Chopin's lifetime, but it was published in The Complete Works of Kate Chopin in 1969. This story is the sequel to Chopin's`` At the 'Cadian Ball''.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Frédéric Chopin", "paragraph_text": "In 1841, Léon Escudier wrote of a recital given by Chopin that year, \"One may say that Chopin is the creator of a school of piano and a school of composition. In truth, nothing equals the lightness, the sweetness with which the composer preludes on the piano; moreover nothing may be compared to his works full of originality, distinction and grace.\" Chopin refused to conform to a standard method of playing and believed that there was no set technique for playing well. His style was based extensively on his use of very independent finger technique. In his Projet de méthode he wrote: \"Everything is a matter of knowing good fingering ... we need no less to use the rest of the hand, the wrist, the forearm and the upper arm.\" He further stated: \"One needs only to study a certain position of the hand in relation to the keys to obtain with ease the most beautiful quality of sound, to know how to play short notes and long notes, and [to attain] unlimited dexterity.\" The consequences of this approach to technique in Chopin's music include the frequent use of the entire range of the keyboard, passages in double octaves and other chord groupings, swiftly repeated notes, the use of grace notes, and the use of contrasting rhythms (four against three, for example) between the hands.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Frédéric Chopin", "paragraph_text": "All of Chopin's compositions include the piano. Most are for solo piano, though he also wrote two piano concertos, a few chamber pieces, and some songs to Polish lyrics. His keyboard style is highly individual and often technically demanding; his own performances were noted for their nuance and sensitivity. Chopin invented the concept of instrumental ballade. His major piano works also include mazurkas, waltzes, nocturnes, polonaises, études, impromptus, scherzos, preludes and sonatas, some published only after his death. Influences on his compositional style include Polish folk music, the classical tradition of J. S. Bach, Mozart and Schubert, the music of all of whom he admired, as well as the Paris salons where he was a frequent guest. His innovations in style, musical form, and harmony, and his association of music with nationalism, were influential throughout and after the late Romantic period.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "The Storm (short story)", "paragraph_text": "``The Storm ''is a short story written by the American writer Kate Chopin in 1898. The story takes place during the 19th century somewhere in the South, where storms are frequent and dangerous. It did not appear in print in Chopin's lifetime, but it was published in The Complete Works of Kate Chopin in 1969. This story is the sequel to Chopin's`` At the 'Cadian Ball''.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Frédéric Chopin", "paragraph_text": "Over 230 works of Chopin survive; some compositions from early childhood have been lost. All his known works involve the piano, and only a few range beyond solo piano music, as either piano concertos, songs or chamber music.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Frédéric Chopin", "paragraph_text": "Possibly the first venture into fictional treatments of Chopin's life was a fanciful operatic version of some of its events. Chopin was written by Giacomo Orefice and produced in Milan in 1901. All the music is derived from that of Chopin.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Blue Country Heart", "paragraph_text": "Blue Country Heart is a Jorma Kaukonen studio album released in June, 2002. It was his first album on a major label since 1980's \"Barbeque King\". Kaukonen didn't write any new compositions for the album, and instead played mostly country-blues cover songs.The album features performances by Sam Bush, Jerry Douglas, Byron House and Bela Fleck, and was nominated for a Grammy award in 2003 for \"Best Traditional Folk Album.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Frédéric Chopin", "paragraph_text": "The last opus number that Chopin himself used was 65, allocated to the Cello Sonata in G minor. He expressed a deathbed wish that all his unpublished manuscripts be destroyed. At the request of the composer's mother and sisters, however, his musical executor Julian Fontana selected 23 unpublished piano pieces and grouped them into eight further opus numbers (Opp. 66–73), published in 1855. In 1857, 17 Polish songs that Chopin wrote at various stages of his life were collected and published as Op. 74, though their order within the opus did not reflect the order of composition.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Alberto II della Scala", "paragraph_text": "Alberto II della Scala (1306 – 13 September 1352) was lord of Verona from 1329 until his death. He was a member of the famous Scaliger family of northern Italy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Frédéric Chopin", "paragraph_text": "Jonathan Bellman writes that modern concert performance style—set in the \"conservatory\" tradition of late 19th- and 20th-century music schools, and suitable for large auditoria or recordings—militates against what is known of Chopin's more intimate performance technique. The composer himself said to a pupil that \"concerts are never real music, you have to give up the idea of hearing in them all the most beautiful things of art.\" Contemporary accounts indicate that in performance, Chopin avoided rigid procedures sometimes incorrectly attributed to him, such as \"always crescendo to a high note\", but that he was concerned with expressive phrasing, rhythmic consistency and sensitive colouring. Berlioz wrote in 1853 that Chopin \"has created a kind of chromatic embroidery ... whose effect is so strange and piquant as to be impossible to describe ... virtually nobody but Chopin himself can play this music and give it this unusual turn\". Hiller wrote that \"What in the hands of others was elegant embellishment, in his hands became a colourful wreath of flowers.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Night of Hunters", "paragraph_text": "Night of Hunters is the twelfth solo studio album by American singer-songwriter Tori Amos, released on September 20, 2011, in the United States through Deutsche Grammophon. It is a concept album that Amos has described as \"a 21st century song cycle inspired by classical music themes spanning over 400 years.\" She pays tribute to classical composers such as Alkan, Bach, Chopin, Debussy, Granados, Satie and Schubert, taking inspiration from their original compositions to create new, independent songs. Regarding the album's concept, she has described it as the exploration of \"the hunter and the hunted and how both exist within us\" through the story of \"a woman who finds herself in the dying embers of a relationship.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Frédéric Chopin", "paragraph_text": "Chopin's qualities as a pianist and composer were recognized by many of his fellow musicians. Schumann named a piece for him in his suite Carnaval, and Chopin later dedicated his Ballade No. 2 in F major to Schumann. Elements of Chopin's music can be traced in many of Liszt's later works. Liszt later transcribed for piano six of Chopin's Polish songs. A less fraught friendship was with Alkan, with whom he discussed elements of folk music, and who was deeply affected by Chopin's death.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Frédéric Chopin", "paragraph_text": "In his native Poland, in France, where he composed most of his works, and beyond, Chopin's music, his status as one of music's earliest superstars, his association (if only indirect) with political insurrection, his love life and his early death have made him, in the public consciousness, a leading symbol of the Romantic era. His works remain popular, and he has been the subject of numerous films and biographies of varying degrees of historical accuracy.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Frédéric Chopin", "paragraph_text": "Chopin's life and his relations with George Sand have been fictionalized in numerous films. The 1945 biographical film A Song to Remember earned Cornel Wilde an Academy Award nomination as Best Actor for his portrayal of the composer. Other film treatments have included: La valse de l'adieu (France, 1928) by Henry Roussel, with Pierre Blanchar as Chopin; Impromptu (1991), starring Hugh Grant as Chopin; La note bleue (1991); and Chopin: Desire for Love (2002).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Frédéric Chopin", "paragraph_text": "At the age of 21 he settled in Paris. Thereafter, during the last 18 years of his life, he gave only some 30 public performances, preferring the more intimate atmosphere of the salon. He supported himself by selling his compositions and teaching piano, for which he was in high demand. Chopin formed a friendship with Franz Liszt and was admired by many of his musical contemporaries, including Robert Schumann. In 1835 he obtained French citizenship. After a failed engagement to Maria Wodzińska, from 1837 to 1847 he maintained an often troubled relationship with the French writer George Sand. A brief and unhappy visit to Majorca with Sand in 1838–39 was one of his most productive periods of composition. In his last years, he was financially supported by his admirer Jane Stirling, who also arranged for him to visit Scotland in 1848. Through most of his life, Chopin suffered from poor health. He died in Paris in 1849, probably of tuberculosis.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 407, "question": "Where did Chopin create the majority of his compositions?", "answer": "France", "paragraph_support_idx": 17 }, { "id": 56424, "question": "who was the king of #1 in 1306", "answer": "Philip IV", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "His Women", "paragraph_text": "His Women () is a 1961 Italian comedy film directed by and starring Ugo Tognazzi. It was shown as part of a retrospective on Italian comedy at the 67th Venice International Film Festival.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Circus Circus Las Vegas", "paragraph_text": "Circus Circus was opened on October 18, 1968 by Jay Sarno and Stanley Mallin, becoming the flagship casino for Circus Circus Enterprises. Architects Rissman and Rissman Associates designed a giant circus tent shaped main structure, which was built by R.C. Johnson Construction of Las Vegas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Sri Lankan elephant", "paragraph_text": "The Sri Lankan elephant (Elephas maximus maximus) is one of three recognised subspecies of the Asian elephant, and native to Sri Lanka. Since 1986, Elephas maximus has been listed as endangered by IUCN as the population has declined by at least 50% over the last three generations, estimated to be 60–75 years. The species is primarily threatened by habitat loss, degradation and fragmentation.Elephas maximus maximus is the type subspecies of the Asian elephant, first described by Carl Linnaeus under the binominal Elephas maximus in 1758.The Sri Lankan elephant population is now largely restricted to the dry zone in the north, east and southeast of Sri Lanka. Elephants are present in Udawalawe National Park, Yala National Park, Lunugamvehera National Park, Wilpattu National Park and Minneriya National Park but also live outside protected areas. It is estimated that Sri Lanka has the highest density of elephants in Asia. Human-elephant conflict is increasing due to conversion of elephant habitat to settlements and permanent cultivation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Blackpool Tower", "paragraph_text": "Animals appeared in the circus until 1990. It was planned to close the circus at the end of the 1990 season and replace it with an animatronic attraction. Public opinion and the fact the animatronics were not ready meant that the circus continued.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus", "paragraph_text": "After 1956 the circus no longer exhibited under their own portable ``big top ''tents, instead using permanent venues such as sports stadiums and arenas. In 1967, Irvin Feld and his brother Israel, along with Houston Judge Roy Hofheinz bought the circus from the Ringling family. In 1971, the Felds and Hofheinz sold the circus to Mattel, buying it back from the toy company in 1982. Since the death of Irvin Feld in 1984, the circus had been a part of Feld Entertainment, an international entertainment firm headed by Kenneth Feld, with its headquarters in Ellenton, Florida.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Omicron (film)", "paragraph_text": "Omicron is a 1963 Italian science fiction-comedy film directed by Ugo Gregoretti. The film entered the competition at the 24th Venice International Film Festival.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Ugo Gregoretti", "paragraph_text": "Ugo Gregoretti (28 September 1930 – 5 July 2019) was an Italian film, television and stage director, actor, screenwriter, author and television host. He directed 20 films during his career.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Scusa se è poco", "paragraph_text": "Scusa se è poco is a 1982 Italian comedy film written and directed by Marco Vicario and starring Monica Vitti, Ugo Tognazzi and Diego Abatantuono.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Ugo Pietro Spinola", "paragraph_text": "Ugo Pietro Spinola (29 June 1791 – 21 January 1858) was a Catholic cardinal and was Apostolic Nuncio to Austria and camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Victor Pépin", "paragraph_text": "Victor Adolphus Pépin (March 8, 1780 – 1845) was an American circus performer and circus owner most famous for being a partner in the Circus of Pépin and Breschard. The Circus of Pépin and Breschard can thus be considered the first American circus and Pépin the first American circus impresario.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Plymouth", "paragraph_text": "In 2004 the old Drake Circus shopping centre and Charles Cross car park were demolished and replaced by the latest Drake Circus Shopping Centre, which opened in October 2006. It received negative feedback before opening when David Mackay said it was already \"ten years out of date\". In contrast, the Theatre Royal's production and education centre, TR2, which was built on wasteland at Cattedown, was a runner-up for the RIBA Stirling Prize for Architecture in 2003.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus", "paragraph_text": "Independently of Castello and Coup, James Anthony Bailey had teamed up with James E. Cooper to create the Cooper and Bailey Circus in the 1860s. The Cooper and Bailey Circus became the chief competitor to Barnum's circus. As Bailey's circus was outperforming his, Barnum sought to merge the circuses. The two groups agreed to combine their shows on March 28, 1881. Initially named ``P.T. Barnum's Greatest Show On Earth, And The Great London Circus, Sanger's Royal British Menagerie and The Grand International Allied Shows United '', it was eventually shortened to`` Barnum and Bailey's Circus''. Bailey was instrumental in acquiring Jumbo, advertised as the world's largest elephant, for the show. Barnum died in 1891 and Bailey then purchased the circus from his widow. Bailey continued touring the eastern United States until he took his circus to Europe. That tour started on December 27, 1897, and lasted until 1902.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Circus Bassie & Adriaan", "paragraph_text": "Circus Bassie & Adriaan was a large Dutch circus that had made different tours through the Netherlands and Belgium. It has been touring in the periods 1980-1982 and 1985-1989.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Parade de cirque", "paragraph_text": "Parade de cirque (English: Circus Sideshow) is an 1887-88 Neo-Impressionist painting by Georges Seurat. It was first exhibited at the 1888 Salon de la Société des Artistes Indépendants (titled \"Parade de cirque\", cat. no. 614) in Paris, where it became one of Seurat's least admired works. \"Parade de cirque\" represents the sideshow (or parade) of the Circus Corvi at place de la Nation, and was his first depiction of a nocturnal scene, and first painting of popular entertainment. Seurat worked on the theme for nearly six years before completing the final painting.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "The Castiglioni Brothers", "paragraph_text": "The Castiglioni Brothers (Italian: I fratelli Castiglioni) is a 1937 Italian comedy film directed by Corrado D'Errico and starring Camillo Pilotto, Ugo Ceseri and Amedeo Nazzari. It was based on a play by Alberto Colantuoni.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Ugo Cantelli", "paragraph_text": "Ugo Cantelli (30 March 1903 – 23 April 1972) was an Italian sports shooter. He competed in the 50 m rifle, prone event at the 1932 Summer Olympics.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Circus Maximus", "paragraph_text": "Circus Maximus Modern (1978) view of the Circus site from the south - east Location Regio XI Circus Maximus Built in Old Kingdom era Type of structure Circus Circus Maximus", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Fabius Stanly", "paragraph_text": "Fabius Maximus Stanly (15 December 1815 – 5 December 1882) was a rear admiral of the United States Navy, who served during the Mexican and Civil Wars.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "The Humpty Dumpty Circus", "paragraph_text": "The Humpty Dumpty Circus was an animated short film made by director and producer J. Stuart Blackton and Albert E. Smith, the Anglo-American founders of Vitagraph Studios. The short has been thought to have been the first film to use the stop-motion technique, based on an estimated release date of 1897 or 1898. The film featured a circus with acrobats and animals in motion. According to Smith, they used his daughter's set of small circus dolls, which had jointed limbs so they could be balanced in place. This toy set was most likely the popular \"Humpty Dumpty Circus\" produced by Schoenhut Piano Company between 1903 and 1930.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Liverpool Olympia", "paragraph_text": "The Liverpool Olympia was built in 1905 For Moss Empires Ltd by architect Frank Matcham as a purpose built indoor circus and variety theatre. The theatre was a response to the enormous success of Thomas Barrasford's Royal Hippodrome Theatre (4,000 capacity, built 1902, demolished 1984) which stood a very short distance away; the Olympia never managed to meet the success of the Hippodrome, and never managed a profit.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 144960, "question": "What is the place of birth of Ugo Balzani?", "answer": "Rome", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 79860, "question": "when was the circus maximus built in #1", "answer": "Old Kingdom era", "paragraph_support_idx": 16 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "French Revolution", "paragraph_text": "Freemasonry played an important role in the revolution. Originally largely apolitical, Freemasonry was radicalised in the late 18th century through the introduction of higher grades, which emphasised themes of liberty, equality, and fraternity. Virtually every major player in the Revolution was a Freemason and these themes became the widely recognised slogan of the revolution.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Edward VIII", "paragraph_text": "Edward VIII (Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David; 23 June 1894 -- 28 May 1972) was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Empire, and Emperor of India, from 20 January 1936 until his abdication on 11 December the same year.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "King of the Pecos", "paragraph_text": "King of the Pecos is a 1936 American Western film directed by Joseph Kane and starring John Wayne and Muriel Evans.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Taxil hoax", "paragraph_text": "The Taxil hoax was an 1890s hoax of exposure by Léo Taxil intended to mock not only Freemasonry but also the Catholic Church's opposition to it.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Freemasonry", "paragraph_text": "At the dawn of the Grand Lodge era, during the 1720s, James Anderson composed the first printed constitutions for Freemasons, the basis for most subsequent constitutions, which specifically excluded women from Freemasonry. As Freemasonry spread, continental masons began to include their ladies in Lodges of Adoption, which worked three degrees with the same names as the men's but different content. The French officially abandoned the experiment in the early 19th century. Later organisations with a similar aim emerged in the United States, but distinguished the names of the degrees from those of male masonry.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Freemasonry", "paragraph_text": "English Freemasonry spread to France in the 1720s, first as lodges of expatriates and exiled Jacobites, and then as distinctively French lodges which still follow the ritual of the Moderns. From France and England, Freemasonry spread to most of Continental Europe during the course of the 18th century. The Grande Loge de France formed under the Grand Mastership of the Duke of Clermont, who exercised only nominal authority. His successor, the Duke of Orléans, reconstituted the central body as the Grand Orient de France in 1773. Briefly eclipsed during the French Revolution, French Freemasonry continued to grow in the next century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Freemasonry", "paragraph_text": "In 1799, English Freemasonry almost came to a halt due to Parliamentary proclamation. In the wake of the French Revolution, the Unlawful Societies Act 1799 banned any meetings of groups that required their members to take an oath or obligation. The Grand Masters of both the Moderns and the Antients Grand Lodges called on Prime Minister William Pitt (who was not a Freemason) and explained to him that Freemasonry was a supporter of the law and lawfully constituted authority and was much involved in charitable work. As a result, Freemasonry was specifically exempted from the terms of the Act, provided that each private lodge's Secretary placed with the local \"Clerk of the Peace\" a list of the members of his lodge once a year. This continued until 1967 when the obligation of the provision was rescinded by Parliament.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Freemasonry", "paragraph_text": "In addition, most Grand Lodges require the candidate to declare a belief in a Supreme Being. In a few cases, the candidate may be required to be of a specific religion. The form of Freemasonry most common in Scandinavia (known as the Swedish Rite), for example, accepts only Christians. At the other end of the spectrum, \"Liberal\" or Continental Freemasonry, exemplified by the Grand Orient de France, does not require a declaration of belief in any deity, and accepts atheists (a cause of discord with the rest of Freemasonry).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Freemasonry", "paragraph_text": "The bulk of Masonic ritual consists of degree ceremonies. Candidates for Freemasonry are progressively initiated into Freemasonry, first in the degree of Entered Apprentice. Some time later, in a separate ceremony, they will be passed to the degree of Fellowcraft, and finally they will be raised to the degree of Master Mason. In all of these ceremonies, the candidate is entrusted with passwords, signs and grips peculiar to his new rank. Another ceremony is the annual installation of the Master and officers of the Lodge. In some jurisdictions Installed Master is valued as a separate rank, with its own secrets to distinguish its members. In other jurisdictions, the grade is not recognised, and no inner ceremony conveys new secrets during the installation of a new Master of the Lodge.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Age of Enlightenment", "paragraph_text": "During the Age of Enlightenment, Freemasons comprised an international network of like-minded men, often meeting in secret in ritualistic programs at their lodges. they promoted the ideals of the Enlightenment, and helped diffuse these values across Britain and France and other places. Freemasonry as a systematic creed with its own myths, values and set of rituals originated in Scotland around 1600 and spread first to England and then across the Continent in the eighteenth century. They fostered new codes of conduct – including a communal understanding of liberty and equality inherited from guild sociability – \"liberty, fraternity, and equality\" Scottish soldiers and Jacobite Scots brought to the Continent ideals of fraternity which reflected not the local system of Scottish customs but the institutions and ideals originating in the English Revolution against royal absolutism. Freemasonry was particularly prevalent in France – by 1789, there were perhaps as many as 100,000 French Masons, making Freemasonry the most popular of all Enlightenment associations. The Freemasons displayed a passion for secrecy and created new degrees and ceremonies. Similar societies, partially imitating Freemasonry, emerged in France, Germany, Sweden and Russia. One example was the \"Illuminati\" founded in Bavaria in 1776, which was copied after the Freemasons but was never part of the movement. The Illuminati was an overtly political group, which most Masonic lodges decidedly were not.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Freemasonry", "paragraph_text": "Maria Deraismes was initiated into Freemasonry in 1882, then resigned to allow her lodge to rejoin their Grand Lodge. Having failed to achieve acceptance from any masonic governing body, she and Georges Martin started a mixed masonic lodge that actually worked masonic ritual. Annie Besant spread the phenomenon to the English speaking world. Disagreements over ritual led to the formation of exclusively female bodies of Freemasons in England, which spread to other countries. Meanwhile, the French had re-invented Adoption as an all-female lodge in 1901, only to cast it aside again in 1935. The lodges, however, continued to meet, which gave rise, in 1959, to a body of women practising continental Freemasonry.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Michael J. Cullen", "paragraph_text": "Michael J. Cullen (1884–1936) was an American entrepreneur and salesman of Irish descent, perhaps best known as the founder of the King Kullen grocery store chain, widely considered to be the first supermarket founded in America. He is recognized by the Smithsonian Institution as the inventor of the modern supermarket.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Freemasonry", "paragraph_text": "The majority of Freemasonry considers the Liberal (Continental) strand to be Irregular, and thus withhold recognition. For the Continental lodges, however, having a different approach to Freemasonry was not a reason for severing masonic ties. In 1961, an umbrella organisation, Centre de Liaison et d'Information des Puissances maçonniques Signataires de l'Appel de Strasbourg (CLIPSAS) was set up, which today provides a forum for most of these Grand Lodges and Grand Orients worldwide. Included in the list of over 70 Grand Lodges and Grand Orients are representatives of all three of the above categories, including mixed and women's organisations. The United Grand Lodge of England does not communicate with any of these jurisdictions, and expects its allies to follow suit. This creates the distinction between Anglo-American and Continental Freemasonry.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Freemasonry", "paragraph_text": "Many Islamic anti-Masonic arguments are closely tied to both antisemitism and Anti-Zionism, though other criticisms are made such as linking Freemasonry to al-Masih ad-Dajjal (the false Messiah). Some Muslim anti-Masons argue that Freemasonry promotes the interests of the Jews around the world and that one of its aims is to destroy the Al-Aqsa Mosque in order to rebuild the Temple of Solomon in Jerusalem. In article 28 of its Covenant, Hamas states that Freemasonry, Rotary, and other similar groups \"work in the interest of Zionism and according to its instructions ...\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Age of Enlightenment", "paragraph_text": "The major opponent of Freemasonry was the Roman Catholic Church, so that in countries with a large Catholic element, such as France, Italy, Spain, and Mexico, much of the ferocity of the political battles involve the confrontation between what Davies calls the reactionary Church and enlightened Freemasonry. Even in France, Masons did not act as a group. American historians, while noting that Benjamin Franklin and George Washington were indeed active Masons, have downplayed the importance of Freemasonry in causing the American Revolution because the Masonic order was non-political and included both Patriots and their enemy the Loyalists.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Freemasonry", "paragraph_text": "In contrast to Catholic allegations of rationalism and naturalism, Protestant objections are more likely to be based on allegations of mysticism, occultism, and even Satanism. Masonic scholar Albert Pike is often quoted (in some cases misquoted) by Protestant anti-Masons as an authority for the position of Masonry on these issues. However, Pike, although undoubtedly learned, was not a spokesman for Freemasonry and was also controversial among Freemasons in general. His writings represented his personal opinion only, and furthermore an opinion grounded in the attitudes and understandings of late 19th century Southern Freemasonry of the USA. Notably, his book carries in the preface a form of disclaimer from his own Grand Lodge. No one voice has ever spoken for the whole of Freemasonry.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Freemasonry", "paragraph_text": "In 1933, the Orthodox Church of Greece officially declared that being a Freemason constitutes an act of apostasy and thus, until he repents, the person involved with Freemasonry cannot partake of the Eucharist. This has been generally affirmed throughout the whole Eastern Orthodox Church. The Orthodox critique of Freemasonry agrees with both the Roman Catholic and Protestant versions: \"Freemasonry cannot be at all compatible with Christianity as far as it is a secret organisation, acting and teaching in mystery and secret and deifying rationalism.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Freemasonry", "paragraph_text": "In general, Continental Freemasonry is sympathetic to Freemasonry amongst women, dating from the 1890s when French lodges assisted the emergent co-masonic movement by promoting enough of their members to the 33rd degree of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite to allow them, in 1899, to form their own grand council, recognised by the other Continental Grand Councils of that Rite. The United Grand Lodge of England issued a statement in 1999 recognising the two women's grand lodges there to be regular in all but the participants. While they were not, therefore, recognised as regular, they were part of Freemasonry \"in general\". The attitude of most regular Anglo-American grand lodges remains that women Freemasons are not legitimate Masons.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Freemasonry", "paragraph_text": "The denomination with the longest history of objection to Freemasonry is the Roman Catholic Church. The objections raised by the Roman Catholic Church are based on the allegation that Masonry teaches a naturalistic deistic religion which is in conflict with Church doctrine. A number of Papal pronouncements have been issued against Freemasonry. The first was Pope Clement XII's In eminenti apostolatus, 28 April 1738; the most recent was Pope Leo XIII's Ab apostolici, 15 October 1890. The 1917 Code of Canon Law explicitly declared that joining Freemasonry entailed automatic excommunication, and banned books favouring Freemasonry.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "George VI", "paragraph_text": "George VI (Albert Frederick Arthur George; 14 December 1895 -- 6 February 1952) was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Commonwealth from 11 December 1936 until his death. He was the last Emperor of India and the first Head of the Commonwealth.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 15733, "question": "Where did Freemasonry first spread?", "answer": "England", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 }, { "id": 89478, "question": "who was the king of #1 in 1936", "answer": "Edward VIII", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 } ]

[ "Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Gold medal", "paragraph_text": "Olympic Gold medals are required to be made from at least 92.5% silver, and must contain a minimum of 6 grams of gold. All Olympic medals must be at least 60mm in diameter and 3mm thick. Minting the medals is the responsibility of the Olympic host. From 1928 through 1968 the design was always the same: the obverse showed a generic design by Florentine artist Giuseppe Cassioli of Greek goddess Nike with Rome's Colloseum in the background and text naming the host city; the reverse showed another generic design of Nike saluting an Olympic champion.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Bright Orange for the Shroud", "paragraph_text": "Bright Orange for the Shroud (1965) is a sixth novel in the Travis McGee series by John D. MacDonald. The plot follows McGee as he attempts to salvage the money of friend Arthur Wilkinson after the man is defrauded in a semi-legal confidence scheme involving a land deal.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Rules of chess", "paragraph_text": "When castling, the king must be the first piece touched. If the player touches the rook at the same time as touching the king, the player must castle with that rook if it is legal to do so. If the player completes a two-square king move without touching a rook, the player must move the correct rook accordingly if castling in that direction is legal. If a player starts to castle illegally, another legal king move must be made if possible, including castling with the other rook (Schiller 2003:20).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Disneyland Monorail System", "paragraph_text": "The Disneyland Monorail has two stations: one in Tomorrowland, and another in the Downtown Disney district. The original Monorail was a round trip ride with no stops. In 1961, the track was expanded to connect to a station at the Disneyland Hotel, making it an actual transportation system. The original Hotel station was torn down in 1999 and a new station, now called the Downtown Disney Station, was built in the same place. All riders must disembark at Tomorrowland Station, and during peak traffic periods, the monorail offers only one - way trips where all passengers must also disembark at the Downtown Disney Station and re-board for the return trip to Tomorrowland. Admission to Disneyland Park must be purchased to ride the monorail.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Your Money or Your Wife", "paragraph_text": "Your Money or Your Wife is a 1960 British comedy film directed by Anthony Simmons and starring Donald Sinden, Peggy Cummins, and Richard Wattis. In this farce, a couple must divorce in order to inherit a fortune.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Nigeria", "paragraph_text": "Internationally, Nigeria is infamous for a form of bank fraud dubbed 419, a type of advance fee fraud (named after Section 419 of the Nigerian Penal Code) along with the \"Nigerian scam\", a form of confidence trick practised by individuals and criminal syndicates. These scams involve a complicit Nigerian bank (the laws being set up loosely to allow it) and a scammer who claims to have money he needs to obtain from that bank. The victim is talked into exchanging bank account information on the premise that the money will be transferred to him, and then he'll get to keep a cut. In reality, money is taken out instead, and/or large fees (which seem small in comparison with the imaginary wealth he awaits) are deducted. In 2003, the Nigerian Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (or EFCC) was created, ostensibly to combat this and other forms of organised financial crime.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Donkey Kong (video game)", "paragraph_text": "Donkey Kong (Japanese: ドンキーコング, Hepburn: Donkī Kongu) is an arcade game released by Nintendo in 1981. An early example of the platform game genre, the gameplay focuses on maneuvering the main character across a series of platforms while dodging and jumping over obstacles. In the game, Mario (originally named Mr. Video and then Jumpman) must rescue a damsel in distress named Pauline (originally named Lady), from a giant ape named Donkey Kong. The hero and ape later became two of Nintendo's most popular and recognizable characters. Donkey Kong is one of the most important titles from the golden age of arcade video games, and is one of the most popular arcade games of all time.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Alexandra Cabot", "paragraph_text": "Cabot first appears in the SVU episode ``Wrong Is Right '', when she is hired to work with SVU as their permanent ADA overseeing the legality of its arrests, following a rotating mix of ADAs (among them Abbie Carmichael of the original Law & Order). She is a graduate of Harvard Law School, and has an`` uncle Bill'' who is a federal judge. While Cabot empathizes with the sexual assault victims she deals with, her strict code of legal ethics often forces her to make harsh decisions and judgments that go against her personal feelings. Her moral strictness has garnered her respect within the SVU squad.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Daddy's Home 2", "paragraph_text": "Following the events of the first film, Brad and Dusty (Will Ferrell and Mark Wahlberg) must deal with their intrusive fathers, Don and Kurt (John Lithgow and Mel Gibson) during the holidays, along with Dusty's conflict with his stepchild's biological father, Roger (John Cena).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Jurisprudence of interests", "paragraph_text": "In European legal history and the philosophy of law, the jurisprudence of interests is a doctrine of legal positivism of the early 20th century, according to which a written law must be interpreted to reflect the interests it is to promote. The main proponents of the jurisprudence of interests were Philipp Heck, Rudolf Müller-Erzbach, Arthur F. Bentley and Roscoe Pound.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Continuing patent application", "paragraph_text": "A reissue application which attempts to get broader coverage than the originally issued patent must be filed within two years from the grant date of the said originally issued patent.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Origination Clause", "paragraph_text": "The Origination Clause, sometimes called the Revenue Clause, is part of Article I of the United States Constitution. This clause says that all bills for raising revenue must start in the House of Representatives, but the Senate may propose or concur with amendments as in the case of other bills.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Scotch whisky", "paragraph_text": "Scotch whisky (; often simply called Scotch) is malt whisky or grain whisky made in Scotland. Scotch whisky must be made in a manner specified by law.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Join the Bar", "paragraph_text": "Join the Bar is a 2011 novel written by Brajesh Rajak, a final year student of National Law School of India University, Bangalore. It is a fictional account of the lives of 3 law students in a premier law institute in India. This novel is considered to be the first novel based on legal education system in India. Brajesh Rajak has also written a law book titled \"XXX Must not be Tolerated.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "For Love or Money (2014 film)", "paragraph_text": "For Love or Money () is a Chinese romance film based on Hong Kong novelist Amy Cheung's 2006 novel of the same name. The film was directed by Gao Xixi and starring Liu Yifei and Rain. Originally slated for release on November 11, 2014, the film was moved earlier to November 7, 2014.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Madrasa", "paragraph_text": "Al-Azhar University, founded in Cairo, Egypt in 975 by the Ismaʻīlī Shīʻī Fatimid dynasty as a jāmiʻah, had individual faculties for a theological seminary, Islamic law and jurisprudence, Arabic grammar, Islamic astronomy, early Islamic philosophy and logic in Islamic philosophy. The postgraduate doctorate in law was only obtained after \"an oral examination to determine the originality of the candidate's theses\", and to test the student's \"ability to defend them against all objections, in disputations set up for the purpose.\" ‘Abd al-Laṭīf al-Baghdādī also delivered lectures on Islamic medicine at al-Azhar, while Maimonides delivered lectures on medicine and astronomy there during the time of Saladin. Another early jāmiʻah was the Niẓāmīyah of Baghdād (founded 1091), which has been called the \"largest university of the Medieval world.\" Mustansiriya University, established by the ʻAbbāsid caliph al-Mustanṣir in 1233, in addition to teaching the religious subjects, offered courses dealing with philosophy, mathematics and the natural sciences.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "One Tree Hill (season 3)", "paragraph_text": "The aftermath of the school shooting and the death of Jimmy Edwards force everyone in Tree Hill to examine their lives. Nathan reassesses his relationship with Haley, while Brooke and Rachel join forces to heal the student body. Dan must deal with the ramifications of killing Keith. Lucas and Peyton consider the implications of their kiss in the library.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Willie Sutton", "paragraph_text": "A famous apocryphal story is that Sutton was asked by reporter Mitch Ohnstad why he robbed banks. According to Ohnstad, he replied, ``Because that's where the money is ''. The quote evolved into Sutton's law, which is often invoked to medical students as a metaphor for emphasizing the most likely diagnosis, rather than wasting time and money investigating every conceivable possibility.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Gresham's law", "paragraph_text": "accepted by law as having similar face value, the more valuable commodity will gradually disappear from circulation.The law was named in 1860 by Henry Dunning Macleod, after Sir Thomas Gresham (1519–1579), who was an English financier during the Tudor dynasty. However, the concept itself had been previously expressed by others, including by Aristophanes in his play The Frogs, which dates from around the end of the 5th century BC, in the 14th century by Nicole Oresme c. 1350, in his treatise On the Origin, Nature, Law, and Alterations of Money, and by jurist and historian Al-Maqrizi (1364–1442) in the Mamluk Empire; and in 1519 by Nicolaus Copernicus in a treatise called Monetae cudendae ratio For this reason, it is occasionally known as the Gresham–Copernicus law.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Grant Park, Atlanta", "paragraph_text": "Grant Park was established in 1883 when Lemuel P. Grant, a successful engineer and businessman, gave the city of Atlanta 100 acres (40 ha) in the newly developed ``suburb ''where he lived. In 1890, the city acquired another 44 acres (18 ha) for the park and appointed its first park commissioner, Sidney Root. In 1903, the Olmsted Brothers (sons of Frederick Law Olmsted) were hired to create a plan for the park. The original park included a lake, named Lake Abana, to handle storm - water runoff.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 58922, "question": "where must all laws dealing with money originate why", "answer": "House of Representatives", "paragraph_support_idx": 11 }, { "id": 52251, "question": "what is another name for #1", "answer": "the lower chamber of the United States Congress", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "British Isles", "paragraph_text": "The term British Isles is controversial in Ireland, where there are objections to its usage due to the association of the word British with Ireland. The Government of Ireland does not recognise or use the term and its embassy in London discourages its use. As a result, Britain and Ireland is used as an alternative description, and Atlantic Archipelago has had limited use among a minority in academia, although British Isles is still commonly employed. Within them, they are also sometimes referred to as these islands.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Pub", "paragraph_text": "Quality dropped but variety increased with the introduction of microwave ovens and freezer food. \"Pub grub\" expanded to include British food items such as steak and ale pie, shepherd's pie, fish and chips, bangers and mash, Sunday roast, ploughman's lunch, and pasties. In addition, dishes such as burgers, chicken wings, lasagne and chilli con carne are often served. Some pubs offer elaborate hot and cold snacks free to customers at Sunday lunchtimes, to prevent them getting hungry and leaving for their lunch at home.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Game pie", "paragraph_text": "Game pies were consumed by the wealthy in the days of the Roman Empire. Wilhelm Adolf Becker states that the emperor Augustus consumed pies that contained chicken, pheasants, pigeon, and duck.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 3, "title": "British Trust for Ornithology", "paragraph_text": "The British Trust for Ornithology (BTO) is an organisation founded in 1932 for the study of birds in the British Isles.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Light brown apple moth", "paragraph_text": "The light brown apple moth is a native insect of Australia. It has been introduced and now also lives in New Caledonia, the British Isles, Hawaii (since 1896), and New Zealand. In March 2007 the moth was positively identified in California by DNA samples across hundreds of miles, from Los Angeles to Napa, north of San Francisco.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Modern history", "paragraph_text": "The Victorian era of the United Kingdom was the period of Queen Victoria's reign from June 1837 to January 1901. This was a long period of prosperity for the British people, as profits gained from the overseas British Empire, as well as from industrial improvements at home, allowed a large, educated middle class to develop. Some scholars would extend the beginning of the period—as defined by a variety of sensibilities and political games that have come to be associated with the Victorians—back five years to the passage of the Reform Act 1832.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "British Empire", "paragraph_text": "After the German occupation of France in 1940, Britain and the empire stood alone against Germany, until the entry of the Soviet Union to the war in 1941. British Prime Minister Winston Churchill successfully lobbied President Franklin D. Roosevelt for military aid from the United States, but Roosevelt was not yet ready to ask Congress to commit the country to war. In August 1941, Churchill and Roosevelt met and signed the Atlantic Charter, which included the statement that \"the rights of all peoples to choose the form of government under which they live\" should be respected. This wording was ambiguous as to whether it referred to European countries invaded by Germany, or the peoples colonised by European nations, and would later be interpreted differently by the British, Americans, and nationalist movements.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Timeline of women's suffrage", "paragraph_text": "Some women in the Isle of Man (geographically part of the British Isles but not part of the United Kingdom) gained the right to vote in 1881. Though it did not achieve nationhood until 1907, the colony of New Zealand was the first self - governing country in the world in which all women had the right to vote in, but not to stand for, parliamentary elections in 1893, followed closely by the colony of South Australia in 1894 (which, unlike New Zealand, allowed women to stand for Parliament). In Sweden, conditional women's suffrage was granted during the age of liberty between 1718 and 1772.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "British Empire", "paragraph_text": "Political boundaries drawn by the British did not always reflect homogeneous ethnicities or religions, contributing to conflicts in formerly colonised areas. The British Empire was also responsible for large migrations of peoples. Millions left the British Isles, with the founding settler populations of the United States, Canada, Australia and New Zealand coming mainly from Britain and Ireland. Tensions remain between the white settler populations of these countries and their indigenous minorities, and between white settler minorities and indigenous majorities in South Africa and Zimbabwe. Settlers in Ireland from Great Britain have left their mark in the form of divided nationalist and unionist communities in Northern Ireland. Millions of people moved to and from British colonies, with large numbers of Indians emigrating to other parts of the empire, such as Malaysia and Fiji, and Chinese people to Malaysia, Singapore and the Caribbean. The demographics of Britain itself was changed after the Second World War owing to immigration to Britain from its former colonies.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Meat and potato pie", "paragraph_text": "Meat and potato pie is a popular variety of pie eaten in England. A meat and potato pie has a similar filling to a Cornish Pasty and differs from a meat pie in that its content is usually less than 50% meat. They can be typically eaten as take-aways but are a homemade staple in many homes. Often it is served with red cabbage.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Hole in One (2010 film)", "paragraph_text": "Hole in One (also known as \"ParFection: The Golf Movie\") is a 2010 comedy movie starring Steve Talley. It is about a cool undergraduate boy who gets tricked by some surgeons and they operate on him, giving him a set of breasts. Now, he has to earn money through golf for the reverse surgery. The movie was released by Universal Studios via Universal Pictures and launched in the United Kingdom on September 12, 2010. With a wide release in an additional 65 territories and countries. It is awaiting a US Domestic release. Universal 'Tagged' the movie as 'American Pie Plays Golf' and so many people have mistaken for it being an American Pie movie because Steve Talley, who appeared in and stars in it. Steve Talley's character is called 'Eric Keller' in Hole in One and is called 'Dwight Stifler' in the American Pie movie Franchise series which shows the distinct differences between the movies. Box Office figures report $1,600,000 GBP in London England. Universal release Hole in One in a total of 65 countries. No other figures reported.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Black Hawk, Colorado", "paragraph_text": "Ameristar Casino Resort Spa Black Hawk, owned by Ameristar Casinos Black Hawk Station Bull Durham Saloon & Casino Canyon Casino Saratoga Casino Black Hawk, owned by Saratoga Harness Racing Gilpin Hotel Casino, owned by Jacobs Entertainment Golden Gates Casino, owned by Affinity Gaming Golden Gulch Casino, owned by Affinity Gaming Golden Mardi Gras Casino, owned by Affinity Gaming Isle of Capri Black Hawk, owned by Isle of Capri Casinos Lady Luck Casino, owned by Isle of Capri Casinos The Lodge Casino, owned by Jacobs Entertainment Monarch Casino, owned by Monarch Casino & Resort, Inc. Red Dolly Casino Sasquatch Casino Wild Card Casino Z Casino", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "American Reunion", "paragraph_text": "American Reunion (also known as American Pie 4: Reunion or American Pie: Reunion in certain countries) is a 2012 American ensemble sex comedy film written and directed by Jon Hurwitz and Hayden Schlossberg. It is the fourth installment in the \"American Pie\" theatrical series.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Scotch pie", "paragraph_text": "A Scotch pie or mutton pie is a small, double-crust meat pie filled with minced mutton or other meat. It may also be known as a shell pie or mince pie (although the latter term is ambiguous) to differentiate it from other varieties of savoury pie, such as the steak pie, steak and kidney pie, steak-and-tattie (potato) pie, and so forth. The Scotch pie is believed to originate in Scotland, but can be found in other parts of the United Kingdom, and is widely sold all over Canada. They are often sold alongside other types of hot food in football grounds, traditionally accompanied by a drink of Bovril, resulting in the occasional reference to football pies.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Braddan A.F.C.", "paragraph_text": "Braddan A.F.C. is a football club in Douglas on the Isle of Man, competing in the Isle of Man Football League. The team wears royal blue strips and plays home games at Cronkbourne Football Ground, Victoria Road, Douglas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Esmond Martelli", "paragraph_text": "Arthur Esmonde Martelli (16 June 1878 – 1926) was an Irish international rugby union fullback back who played club rugby for Dublin University. Martelli played international rugby for the British Isles team on its 1899 tour of Australia. He was described by British Isles tour manager, Matthew Mullineux, as having 'an excellent drop, punt and place kick'.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Fallout (series)", "paragraph_text": "The first two titles in the series, Fallout and Fallout 2, were developed by Black Isle Studios. Micro Forté and 14 Degrees East's 2001 Fallout Tactics: Brotherhood of Steel is a tactical role - playing game. In 2004, Interplay closed Black Isle Studios, and continued to produce an action game with role - playing elements for the PlayStation 2 and Xbox, Fallout: Brotherhood of Steel without Black Isle Studios. A third entry in the main series, Fallout 3, was released in 2008 by Bethesda Softworks. It was followed by Fallout: New Vegas in 2010, developed by Obsidian Entertainment. Fallout 4 was released in 2015. Fallout 76 was announced on May 30, 2018.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "1977 British Lions tour to New Zealand", "paragraph_text": "In 1977 the British Lions rugby union team toured New Zealand. The Lions played 26 matches, including four internationals against the All Blacks. They lost the series against the All Blacks by three matches to one. The team played as the British Isles in their internationals against the All Blacks and the British Lions for the non-international games. One game was also played at Buckhurst Park, Suva, against Fiji.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Edwardian era", "paragraph_text": "The Edwardian era or Edwardian period of British history covers the brief reign of King Edward VII, 1901 to 1910, and is sometimes extended to the start of the First World War. The death of Queen Victoria in January 1901 marked the end of the Victorian era. Her son and successor, Edward VII, was already the leader of a fashionable elite that set a style influenced by the art and fashions of continental Europe. Samuel Hynes described the Edwardian era as a \"leisurely time when women wore picture hats and did not vote, when the rich were not ashamed to live conspicuously, and the sun really never set on the British flag.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Bella Enahoro", "paragraph_text": "Bella Enahoro is a British Nigerian actress who is famous for her co-starring role in Pie in the Sky as WPC / DS Sophia Cambridge.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 106197, "question": "Which was the country for Game pie?", "answer": "Roman Empire", "paragraph_support_idx": 2 }, { "id": 35376, "question": "The people that lived in the British Isles during the #1 era spoke which language?", "answer": "Celtic dialects of the Insular Celtic group", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "John Shostak", "paragraph_text": "John Shostak (d. January 27, 1971) was a Republican member of the Connecticut House of Representatives from Norwalk, Connecticut for four terms, and the mayor of Norwalk from 1959 to 1961.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Love in a Goldfish Bowl", "paragraph_text": "Love in a Goldfish Bowl is a 1961 teen film directed by Jack Sher starring singing idols Tommy Sands and Fabian.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Hymne à l'amour", "paragraph_text": "``Hymne à l'amour ''was translated into English by Piaf's protégé Eddie Constantine as`` Hymn to Love'', which was recorded by Piaf on her album La Vie En Rose / Édith Piaf Sings In English (1956). This version was featured on Cyndi Lauper's 2003 album At Last. It was also adapted into English as ``If You Love Me (Really Love Me) ''with lyrics by Geoffrey Parsons. Piaf then sang this version in Carnegie Hall at both of her performances in 1956 and 1957. Subsequent covers by Kay Starr in 1954, Shirley Bassey in 1959 and Brenda Lee in 1961 brought fame to this version. Raquel Bitton features`` Hymn to Love'' in her tribute to Piaf 2000.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Dorilus Morrison", "paragraph_text": "Dorilus Morrison (December 27, 1814 – June 26, 1897) was a banker, businessman, and Republican politician who lived in the US state of Minnesota. He was the first and third mayor of Minneapolis.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "I Love to Sing the Songs I Sing", "paragraph_text": "I Love to Sing the Songs I Sing is the self-produced ninth album by American R&B singer Barry White, released in 1979 on the 20th Century-Fox Records label.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Detroit", "paragraph_text": "Beginning with its incorporation in 1802, Detroit has had a total of 74 mayors. Detroit's last mayor from the Republican Party was Louis Miriani, who served from 1957 to 1962. In 1973, the city elected its first black mayor, Coleman Young. Despite development efforts, his combative style during his five terms in office was not well received by many suburban residents. Mayor Dennis Archer, a former Michigan Supreme Court Justice, refocused the city's attention on redevelopment with a plan to permit three casinos downtown. By 2008, three major casino resort hotels established operations in the city.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "J. Bracken Lee", "paragraph_text": "Joseph Bracken Lee (January 7, 1899 – October 20, 1996) was an American political figure in the state of Utah. A Republican, he served two terms as the 9th Governor of Utah (1949–57), six 2-year terms as mayor of Price, Utah (1935–47), and three terms as the 27th mayor of Salt Lake City (1960–71).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Connie McCready", "paragraph_text": "Constance \"Connie\" McCready (born Constance Averill, August 20, 1921 – December 22, 2000), was a journalist and politician from Portland, Oregon, in the United States. She held several elected offices in Oregon during her career, including the Oregon House of Representatives, the Portland City Council, and culminating with a partial term as Portland's mayor. To date, McCready remains the last Republican to serve as mayor of the city.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Jean-Paul Fournier", "paragraph_text": "Jean-Paul Fournier (born 16 October 1945 in Génolhac) is a French politician and a member of the Senate of France and mayor of Nîmes. He represents the Gard department and is a member of The Republicans Party.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "I Still Call Australia Home", "paragraph_text": "``I Still Call Australia Home ''is a song written and performed by Peter Allen in 1980. In it, Allen sings of Australian expatriates' longing for home.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Raeanne Presley", "paragraph_text": "Raeanne Presley is an American politician of the Republican Party, having served four terms as Mayor of Branson, Missouri. Presley had previously served as an alderman in Branson, and had lost an election for mayor to Lou Schaeffer in the mid-1990s. She was defeated for re-election in 2015 by the current mayor, Karen Best.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Philadelphia", "paragraph_text": "Philadelphia once comprised six congressional districts. However, as a result of the city's declining population, it now has only four: the 1st district, represented by Bob Brady; the 2nd, represented by Chaka Fattah; the 8th, represented by Mike Fitzpatrick; and the 13th, represented by Brendan Boyle. All but Fitzpatrick are Democrats. Although they are usually swamped by Democrats in city, state and national elections, Republicans still have some support in the area, primarily in the northeast. A Republican represented a significant portion of Philadelphia in the House as late as 1983, and Sam Katz ran competitive mayoral races as the Republican nominee in both 1999 and 2003.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Macit Özcan", "paragraph_text": "Macit Özcan, (born 1954 in Karataş, Adana Province, Turkey) is a Turkish politician of the Republican People's Party (CHP) and the former mayor of Mersin.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Bryan Baptiste", "paragraph_text": "Bryan J. Baptiste (October 15, 1955 – June 22, 2008) was an American politician and member of the Republican Party. He served as mayor of the County of Kauai in Hawaii from 2002 until his death.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Will You Still Love Me? (song)", "paragraph_text": "``Will You Still Love Me? ''is a song written by David Foster, Tom Keane and Richard Baskin for the group Chicago and recorded for their album Chicago 18 (1986). The second single released from that album, it reached number three on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart in early 1987, prevented from further chart movement by`` Keep Your Hands to Yourself'' by The Georgia Satellites and ``Livin 'on a Prayer ''by Bon Jovi, and also number two on the Adult Contemporary chart, kept from the top spot by`` Ballerina Girl'' by Lionel Richie.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Singed", "paragraph_text": "Singed is a 1927 American silent drama film produced and distributed by Fox Film Corporation. The film was directed by John Griffith Wray and stars Blanche Sweet. \"Singed\" is based on Adela Rogers St. Johns' story \"Love o' Women\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "San Diego", "paragraph_text": "The members of the city council are each elected from single member districts within the city. The mayor and city attorney are elected directly by the voters of the entire city. The mayor, city attorney, and council members are elected to four-year terms, with a two-term limit. Elections are held on a non-partisan basis per California state law; nevertheless, most officeholders do identify themselves as either Democrats or Republicans. In 2007, registered Democrats outnumbered Republicans by about 7 to 6 in the city, and Democrats currently (as of 2015[update]) hold a 5-4 majority in the city council. The current mayor, Kevin Faulconer, is a Republican.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Johnny Berthelot", "paragraph_text": "John Alan Berthelot, known as Johnny Berthelot (born November 1951), is a Republican member of the Louisiana House of Representatives from District 88, based in his hometown of Gonzales in eastern Ascension Parish near Baton Rouge, Louisiana. He was the mayor of Gonzales from 1984 until 2008 and great-nephew of first mayor of the city, \"Tee Joe\" Gonzales.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Françoise de Panafieu", "paragraph_text": "Françoise de Panafieu (born 12 December 1948) is a French politician, member of The Republicans (LR) party and mayor of the 17th arrondissement of Paris between 2001 and 2008.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Antoine Rufenacht", "paragraph_text": "Antoine Rufenacht (born 11 May 1939 in Le Havre) is a French right-wing (The Republicans) politician and former mayor of Le Havre.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 87786, "question": "who sings will you still love me the same", "answer": "Chicago", "paragraph_support_idx": 14 }, { "id": 72045, "question": "who was the last republican mayor in #1", "answer": "William Hale Thompson", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Finley Stadium", "paragraph_text": "W. Max Finley Stadium (commonly called Finley Stadium) is the home stadium for the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga football team, UTC soccer, and Chattanooga FC (NPSL), an amateur Division 4 soccer team. The stadium also hosts various high school sports and musical concerts. It is located in Chattanooga, Tennessee, United States. The stadium, which opened in 1997, has a current capacity of 20,668, and hosted the NCAA Division I National Championship Game from its opening season through 2009, after which the game moved to Pizza Hut Park in the Dallas suburb of Frisco, Texas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Owsley B. Frazier Stadium", "paragraph_text": "Owsley B. Frazier Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium on the campus of Bellarmine University in Louisville, Kentucky. The facility serves as home to Bellarmine's soccer, field hockey, lacrosse, and track and field teams. The stadium opened on August 24, 2007 in a Bellarmine Knights women's soccer game, and was officially dedicated on August 28, 2007. Construction took approximately 18 months and was completed at an estimated cost of $5.1 million.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Unidad Deportiva Acapulco", "paragraph_text": "Unidad Deportiva Acapulco (\"English:Acapulco Sports Complex\") is a sports complex composed of a 13,000-seat soccer and track and field stadium and a baseball stadium which can seat thousands. The soccer/track stadium, which originally seated 8,600, is currently home to the Guerreros Acapulco soccer team of the Mexican Segunda División Profesional, which began play in 2009. The baseball stadium is currently used for amateur and semi-pro baseball, and skateboarding.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Philadelphia Union", "paragraph_text": "The Philadelphia Union is an American professional soccer team based in Chester, Pennsylvania. The Union competes in Major League Soccer (MLS) as a member club of the league's Eastern Conference. The club began play in 2010 as an expansion team of the league. The club plays their home matches at Talen Energy Stadium, a soccer-specific stadium located in Chester on the banks of the Delaware River. Jim Curtin is the Union's head coach.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "2011 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2011 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup was the sixth edition of the FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup, governed by FIFA. Previous editions before 2005 were not governed by FIFA and were held under the title \"Beach Soccer World Championships\". Overall this was the 16th edition of the World Cup since its establishment in 1995. It took place at the Stadio del Mare (Stadium of the Sea), a temporary stadium at the Marina di Ravenna in Ravenna, Italy, the third tournament to take place outside Brazil, which started on September 1 and ended on September 11, 2011. However this was the first tournament to take place under the new two year basis; now the FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup takes place once every two years. The tournament was confirmed in March 2010. Brazil were the defending champions, after winning their fourth FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup title in 2009. The tournament was won by Russia, winning their first title in their first final after beating Brazil.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "UCF Soccer and Track Stadium", "paragraph_text": "The UCF Soccer and Track Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium located on the main campus of the University of Central Florida in Orlando, Florida, United States. The 2,000-seat stadium is home to the UCF Knights track and field, cross country and soccer teams. The Knights compete in the American Athletic Conference (The American).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Minnesota Kicks", "paragraph_text": "The Minnesota Kicks were a professional soccer team that played at Metropolitan Stadium in the Minneapolis suburb of Bloomington, Minnesota from 1976 to 1981. The team was a member of the now defunct North American Soccer League.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Victoria Park Stadium", "paragraph_text": "The Victoria Park Stadium is soccer venue located in Brampton, Ontario and is home to Brampton United of the Canadian Soccer League. The stadium is located on 20 Victoria Crescent, Brampton. The stadium is part of the James F. McCurry Victoria Park Arena. The stadium hosted the 2004 CPSL Championship final which featured Vaughan Shooters against Toronto Croatia. On May 27, 2016 a fire erupted at the Victoria Park arena.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Soccer Shrines", "paragraph_text": "Soccer Shrines is a 13-part Canadian television (TV) documentary series about the most famous soccer stadiums in the world and their fans. Produced by Best Boy Entertainment, Soccer Shrines originally aired on GolTV (Canada) in Fall 2010. The series currently airs on GolTV, Sundays at 11:30 am EST, Mondays 6:00 pm & 11:00 pm EST, Tuesday at 1:00 pm EST and on The Cave (TV channel) Sundays at 2:00 am & 8:30 pm EST and Wednesdays at 9:30 pm EST.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Tim Hortons Field", "paragraph_text": "Tim Hortons Field is a multi-purpose stadium in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Built as a replacement for Ivor Wynne Stadium, Tim Hortons Field is primarily used for Canadian football and soccer, and is the home of the Hamilton Tiger-Cats of the Canadian Football League and Forge FC of the Canadian Premier League. During the 2015 Pan American Games, it was referred to as CIBC Hamilton Pan Am Soccer Stadium. The stadium opened in September 2014, two months after its original anticipated completion date of June 30, 2014.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Parc Berthiaume-du-Tremblay", "paragraph_text": "Parc Berthiaume-Du-Tremblay is a park located in Chomedey, a suburb of Laval, Quebec, Canada a short distance from Montreal Island. It has a football/soccer stadium, Berthiaume-Du-Tremblay Stadium, and a baseball stadium.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Linda and Terry Fuller Track", "paragraph_text": "Terry and Linda Fuller Track & Field Complex is a multi-use stadium in Lubbock, Texas on the campus of Texas Tech University where it serves as home to Red Raider track and field. Formerly, it was also the home of the women's soccer team before they moved to the John Walker Soccer Complex. The stadium seats 3,500.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Rose Bowl (stadium)", "paragraph_text": "One of the most famous stadiums in sporting history, the Rose Bowl is best known as a college football venue, specifically as the host of the annual Rose Bowl Game for which it is named. Since 1982, it has also served as the home stadium of the UCLA Bruins football team. The stadium has also hosted five Super Bowl games, second most of any venue. The Rose Bowl is also a noted soccer venue, having hosted the 1994 FIFA World Cup Final, 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup Final, and the 1984 Olympic Gold Medal Match, as well as numerous CONCACAF and United States Soccer Federation matches.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Estadio Alfredo Beranger", "paragraph_text": "Estadio Alfredo Beranger is a football stadium in Turdera, Buenos Aires, Argentina. It is the home ground of Club Atlético Temperley, who drew an average home league attendance of 11,000 in the 2016-17 season.The stadium holds 24,000 people and it opened on 13 April 1924. It is named after Alfredo Martín Beranger who was the President of the club in the 1920s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "A Famous Gentleman", "paragraph_text": "A Famous Gentleman (Spanish:Un caballero famoso) is a 1943 Spanish drama film directed by José Buchs and starring Amparo Rivelles and Alfredo Mayo. The film is set in the world of bullfighting.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "MUSC Health Stadium", "paragraph_text": "MUSC Health Stadium is a soccer-specific stadium located in the Daniel Island area of Charleston, South Carolina that serves as the home of the Charleston Battery of the United Soccer League.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Carolina Courage", "paragraph_text": "Carolina Courage was a professional soccer team that played in the Women's United Soccer Association. The team played at Fetzer Field on the UNC-Chapel Hill campus in 2001, and then at the soccer-specific SAS Stadium in Cary, North Carolina in 2002 and 2003.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Collinsville Soccer Complex", "paragraph_text": "Collinsville Soccer Complex, also known as The Fields was a planned soccer-centered development to be located in Collinsville, Illinois, United States. The centerpiece of the complex was an 18,500-seat soccer-specific stadium that would have been the home stadium for professional soccer clubs in MLS and WPS based in the St. Louis area. The plan also included eight FIFA-approved artificial turf fields, as well as mixed-use development, which included retail, office, entertainment, educational, and residential areas. The entire development was valued at almost $600 million.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Kenneth P. LaValle Stadium", "paragraph_text": "The Kenneth P. LaValle Stadium is the main stadium for Stony Brook University in Stony Brook, New York, United States. Construction began in 2000 at a cost of approximately $22 million. With a capacity of 12,300 people (10,300 seating and 2,000 standing), it is the largest outdoor facility in Suffolk County. The stadium is home to the Division I Stony Brook Seawolves and their football, men's soccer, women's soccer, men's lacrosse, and women's lacrosse teams.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Allianz Field", "paragraph_text": "Allianz Field is a pending soccer - specific stadium for Minnesota United FC of Major League Soccer. On October 23, 2015, team owners announced that Minnesota United would build a stadium on the 35 - acre Saint Paul bus barn site. The proposed stadium will seat approximately 19,400, is to be completed in 2019, and will be privately financed for $150 million.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 147087, "question": "Where did Alfredo Ripstein live when he died?", "answer": "Mexico City", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 19309, "question": "What famous soccer stadium is in #1 ?", "answer": "Azteca Stadium", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Whatever Happened to the Likely Lads?", "paragraph_text": "The show's catchy theme song, ``Whatever Happened to You '', was written by Mike Hugg (of Manfred Mann) and La Frenais and performed by Hugg's session band, featuring session singer Tony Rivers supplying the lead vocals. A group named Highly Likely subsequently appeared on Top of the Pops to promote the song, and participated in a short UK tour as a result, but Rivers was not involved in these appearances. The song made the lower reaches of the UK Top 40 in 1973. Mike Hugg also wrote the theme tune to the spin - off 1976 feature film, entitled`` Remember When''.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Never Say Never (Justin Bieber song)", "paragraph_text": "``Never Say Never ''is a song by Canadian recording artist Justin Bieber. The song is used as the theme song for The Karate Kid, and features rap interludes from the film's star, Jaden Smith. Originally a risque demo with sexual lyrics performed by American singer Travis Garland, it was written and produced by The Messengers, and Omarr Rambert. However, for unknown reasons, Bieber was tapped to record the song for the film. He re-wrote the song with The Messengers, Rambert, Smith, and his vocal producer Kuk Harrell, to feature inspirational lyrics to foil the film's theme. The song contains R&B and pop elements while merging hip - hop.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "The Munsters", "paragraph_text": "The instrumental theme song, titled ``The Munsters's Theme '', was composed by composer / arranger Jack Marshall. The theme song's lyrics, which the sitcom's co-producer Bob Mosher wrote, were never aired on CBS. Described by writer Jon Burlingame as a`` Bernard - Herrmann - meets - Duane - Eddy sound'', the theme was nominated for a Grammy Award in 1965. A sample of the theme was used in the song Uma Thurman by Fall Out Boy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Theme from The Dukes of Hazzard (Good Ol' Boys)", "paragraph_text": "The ``Theme from The Dukes of Hazzard (Good Ol 'Boys) ''is a song written and recorded by American country music singer Waylon Jennings. It was released in August 1980 as the second single from the album Music Man. Recognizable to fans as the theme to the CBS comedy adventure television series The Dukes of Hazzard, the song became a # 1 hit on the Billboard Hot Country Singles chart in 1980.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Truly Madly Deeply", "paragraph_text": "``Truly Madly Deeply ''is a song by Australian pop band Savage Garden, released as the third single from their self - titled debut album in March 1997 by Columbia Records, Roadshow Music and Sony Records. It won the 1997 ARIA Music Award for Single of the Year and Highest Selling Single along it nominated for ARIA Music Award for Song of the Year. Written by bandmates Darren Hayes and Daniel Jones, the song is a reworking of a song called`` Magical Kisses'' that the pair wrote together long before recording began on their debut album. It was used as the main theme from the soundtrack of the 1998 film Music from Another Room, starring Jude Law and Gretchen Mol.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Nobody Does It Better", "paragraph_text": "``Nobody Does It Better ''is a song composed by Marvin Hamlisch with lyrics by Carole Bayer Sager. It was recorded by Carly Simon as the theme song for the 1977 James Bond film The Spy Who Loved Me. It was the first Bond theme song to be titled differently from the name of the film since Dr. No, although the phrase`` the spy who loved me'' is included in the lyrics. The song was released as a single from the film's soundtrack album.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "I Kissed a Girl", "paragraph_text": "``I Kissed a Girl ''is a song recorded by American singer Katy Perry for her second studio album, One of the Boys (2008). It was released on April 28, 2008, by Capitol Records as the lead single from the record. Perry co-wrote the song with Max Martin, Cathy Dennis, and its producer Dr. Luke, with additional production from Benny Blanco.`` I Kissed a Girl'' is a pop rock song with elements of new wave. Perry stated its lyrics are ``about the magical beauty of a woman ''. The song sparked controversy for its homosexual themes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Paul Williams (songwriter)", "paragraph_text": "Paul Hamilton Williams, Jr. (born September 19, 1940) is an American composer, singer, songwriter and actor. He is perhaps best known for writing popular songs performed by a number of acts in the 1970s, including Three Dog Night's ``An Old Fashioned Love Song ''and`` Out in the Country'', Helen Reddy's ``You and Me Against the World '', David Bowie's`` Fill Your Heart'', and the Carpenters' ``We've Only Just Begun ''and`` Rainy Days and Mondays'', as well as for his contributions to films, such as writing the lyrics to the # 1 chart - topping ``Evergreen '', the love theme from A Star Is Born, starring Barbra Streisand, for which he won a Grammy for Song of the Year and an Academy Award for Best Original Song; and`` Rainbow Connection'' from The Muppet Movie. He also wrote the lyrics to the opening theme for The Love Boat, with music previously composed by Charles Fox, which was originally sung by Jack Jones and, later, by Dionne Warwick.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "I Kissed a Girl", "paragraph_text": "``I Kissed a Girl ''is a song recorded by American singer Katy Perry for her second studio album, One of the Boys (2008). It was released on April 28, 2008, by Capitol Records as the lead single from the record. Perry co-wrote the song with its producers Dr. Luke and Benny Blanco, with additional songwriting provided by Max Martin and Cathy Dennis.`` I Kissed a Girl'' is a pop rock song with elements of new wave. Perry stated its lyrics are ``about the magical beauty of a woman ''. The song sparked controversy for its homosexual themes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Sheldon Allman", "paragraph_text": "In 1960, Allman released Folk Songs for the 21st Century, an album of novelty songs all revolving around science - fiction themes. The tongue - in - cheek material, which Allman wrote and arranged himself, included titles such as ``Crawl Out Through The Fallout ''and`` Radioactive Mama.'' ``Crawl Out Through The Fallout ''is used in the video game Fallout 4.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "One Tree Hill (season 8)", "paragraph_text": "Season eight features the return of the original opening credits and the original opening theme song ``I Do n't Want to Be ''covered by various artists each week, while the original version is featured sporadically. Schwahn wrote 13 out of the 22 episodes, including the final six episodes of the season.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Spectre (2015 film)", "paragraph_text": "In September 2015 it was announced that Sam Smith and regular collaborator Jimmy Napes had written the film's title theme, \"Writing's on the Wall\", with Smith performing it for the film. Smith said the song came together in one session and that he and Napes wrote it in under half an hour before recording a demo. Satisfied with the quality, the demo was used in the final release.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Baretta", "paragraph_text": "The theme song, ``Keep Your Eye on the Sparrow '', was written by Dave Grusin and Morgan Ames; initially an instrumental, lyrics were added in later seasons that were sung by Sammy Davis, Jr. Every episode of Baretta began with the song, which contained the motto,`` Do n't do the crime if you ca n't do the time.'' The song was released as a single in Europe in 1976, reaching number one in the Dutch Top 40 as ``Baretta's Theme ''. The music for the theme song was performed by Los Angeles - based Latin influenced Rock band El Chicano from Los Angeles, California. El Chicano also released the song as a 45 and also as a track on one of their albums. The`` Baretta'' theme song by El Chicano was a huge hit in many countries including Turkey, Malaysia, Singapore, France and The Philippines.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "You Know My Name", "paragraph_text": "``You Know My Name '', performed by Soundgarden singer Chris Cornell, is the theme song to the 2006 James Bond film, Casino Royale. Cornell wrote it jointly with David Arnold, the soundtrack's composer. The film producers chose Cornell because they wanted a strong male singer. Cornell and Arnold tried to make the song a replacement theme for the character instead of the`` James Bond theme'' reflecting the agent's inexperience in Casino Royale, as well as an introduction to Daniel Craig's grittier and more emotional portrayal of Bond. The single sold 148,000 copies in 2006 in the UK, peaked at number 7 in the UK singles chart, and has sold 323,000 digital copies and 3.5 million streams in the U.S. as of 2017.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Majungasaurus", "paragraph_text": "Majungasaurus is classified as a member of the theropod clade Abelisauridae, which is considered a family in Linnaean taxonomy. Along with the family Noasauridae, abelisaurids are included in the superfamily Abelisauroidea, which is in turn a subdivision of the infraorder Ceratosauria. Abelisaurids are known for their tall skulls with blunt snouts, extensive sculpturing on the outer surfaces of the facial bones (convergent with carcharodontosaurids), very reduced (atrophied) forelimbs (convergent with tyrannosaurids), and stocky hindlimb proportions, among other features.As with many dinosaur families, the systematics (evolutionary relationships) within the family Abelisauridae are confused. Several cladistic studies have indicated that Majungasaurus shares a close relationship with Carnotaurus from South America, while others were unable to firmly place it in the phylogeny. The most recent analysis, using the most complete information, instead recovered Majungasaurus in a clade with Rajasaurus and Indosaurus from India, but excluding South American genera like Carnotaurus, Ilokelesia, Ekrixinatosaurus, Aucasaurus and Abelisaurus, as well as Rugops from mainland Africa. This leaves open the possibility of separate clades of abelisaurids in western and eastern Gondwana.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 15, "title": "The Adventures of Robin Hood (TV series)", "paragraph_text": "Carl Sigman wrote the words and music for the theme song which was sung by Dick James. The song is still fondly remembered:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "It's a Jungle Out There (song)", "paragraph_text": "``It's a Jungle Out There ''is a song written by Randy Newman and used as the theme song for the TV series Monk starting in its second season. In 2004, it won an Emmy Award for Outstanding Main Title Theme Music. As the first season's theme song`` Monk Theme'' had won the same award the previous year, Monk became the first series to have two different theme songs win an Emmy for Outstanding Main Title Theme Music in consecutive years.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "It's Garry Shandling's Show", "paragraph_text": "The series' theme song was ``This is the Theme to Garry's Show '', sung by Los Angeles musician Bill Lynch. The song's lyrics are self - referential, explaining how the song came to be (`` Garry called me up and asked if I would write his theme song'') and asking what the listener thinks of it.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Pistols 'n' Petticoats", "paragraph_text": "Pistols 'n' Petticoats is an American Western sitcom that ran on CBS during the 1966-1967 television season. It was produced by Kayro/Universal Television for CBS Productions and ran from September 17, 1966 to March 11, 1967. The series was created by George Tibbles, who wrote the show's theme song. This was one of two sitcoms that ran on CBS with the \"Petticoat\" name in its title at the time, the other being \"Petticoat Junction\", which was produced by Filmways and has no connection to this program.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Dad's Army", "paragraph_text": "The show's theme tune, ``Who do you think you are kidding, Mr Hitler? ''was Jimmy Perry's idea, intended as a gentle pastiche of wartime songs. It was the only pastiche in the series, as the other music used was contemporary to the 1940s. Perry wrote the lyrics himself and composed the music with Derek Taverner. Perry persuaded one of his childhood idols, wartime entertainer Bud Flanagan, to sing the theme for 100 guineas. Flanagan died less than a year after the recording. At the time it was widely believed to be a wartime song.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 161176, "question": "Which contenent is Rugops from?", "answer": "Africa", "paragraph_support_idx": 14 }, { "id": 82118, "question": "who wrote the theme song for out of #1", "answer": "John Barry Prendergast", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "NGC 1872", "paragraph_text": "NGC 1872 is an open cluster within the Large Magellanic Cloud in the constellation Dorado. It was discovered by James Dunlop in 1826.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Smoke a Little Smoke", "paragraph_text": "\"Smoke a Little Smoke\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music singer Eric Church. It was released in June 2010 as the third and final single from his 2009 album \"Carolina\". It was also the eighth single of Church's career to reach the Top 20 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs chart after peaking at number 16. Church wrote this song with Jeff Hyde and Driver Williams.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Dunlop hill", "paragraph_text": "Dunlop hill is a hill in Dunlop, East Ayrshire which is believed to have once held a Celtic fortress. Unknown in age, it is probably a few thousand years old. For members of the Dunlop family, it is a legend that has been believed for centuries.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "List of smoking bans in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Statewide smoking ban: Since January 1, 1995, smoking has been banned in all enclosed workplaces in California, including bars and restaurants (bars were excluded until January 1, 1998); these following areas were exempt until June 9, 2016: meeting and banquet rooms except while food or beverage functions are taking place (including set - up, service, and clean - up activities or when the room is being used for exhibit activities), retail or wholesale tobacco shops and private smokers lounges (i.e. cigar bars), truck cabs / tractors if no nonsmoking employees are present, theatrical production sites if smoking is an integral part of the story, medical research or treatment sites if smoking is integral to the research or treatment being conducted, private residences except homes licensed as family day care homes during the hours of operation and in those areas where children are present, and patient smoking areas in long - term health care facilities.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Smoking age", "paragraph_text": "The smoking age is the minimum legal age required to purchase or smoke tobacco products. In almost all countries citizens are eligible to buy tobacco products when they turn 18. Most countries have laws that restrict those below a minimum age from legally purchasing tobacco products.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Nicotine marketing", "paragraph_text": "In April 1970, President Nixon signed into law the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act banning the advertising of cigarettes on television and radio starting on 2 January 1971. The Virginia Slims brand was the last commercial shown, with ``a 60 - second revue from flapper to Female Lib '', shown at 11: 59 p.m. on 1 January during a break on The Tonight Show. Smokeless tobacco ads, on the other hand, remained on the air until a ban took effect on 28 August 1986. Even further restrictions took effect under the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act. Effective 22 June 2010, the new regulations prohibit tobacco companies from sponsoring sports, music, and other cultural events. Also, tobacco companies can no longer display their logos or advertise their products on T - shirts, hats, or other apparel. Eventually, the law is planned to require almost all tobacco advertisements to consist of black text on a white background, but the constitutionality of that requirement has come under scrutiny.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "The One Where Rachel Smokes", "paragraph_text": "``The One Where Rachel Smokes ''is the eighteenth episode of the fifth season of Friends and 115th overall. It first aired on NBC in the United States on April 8, 1999. In the episode, Rachel (Jennifer Aniston) starts her new job at Ralph Lauren and soon feels left out because all the decision making takes place on smoking breaks and she does not smoke. Rachel attempts to solve the problem by taking up the habit, which proves difficult. Meanwhile, Ben auditions for a soup commercial and Joey (Matt LeBlanc) decides to come along to try for a part as well. When both are paired with different actors, the auditions become competitive. Elsewhere, Monica (Courteney Cox) and Phoebe (Lisa Kudrow) plan a surprise party for Rachel.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Smoking ban in England", "paragraph_text": "On 16 November 2004 a Public Health white paper proposed a smoking ban in almost all public places in England and Wales. Smoking restrictions would be phased in, with a ban on smoking in NHS and government buildings by 2006, in enclosed public places by 2007, and pubs, bars and restaurants (except pubs not serving food) by the end of 2008.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Daylight saving time", "paragraph_text": "In several countries, fire safety officials encourage citizens to use the two annual clock shifts as reminders to replace batteries in smoke and carbon monoxide detectors, particularly in autumn, just before the heating and candle season causes an increase in home fires. Similar twice-yearly tasks include reviewing and practicing fire escape and family disaster plans, inspecting vehicle lights, checking storage areas for hazardous materials, reprogramming thermostats, and seasonal vaccinations. Locations without DST can instead use the first days of spring and autumn as reminders.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Heysel Stadium disaster", "paragraph_text": "Pressure mounted to ban English clubs from European competition. On 31 May 1985, British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher asked the FA to withdraw English clubs from European competition before they were banned, but two days later, UEFA banned English clubs for ``an indeterminate period of time ''. On 6 June, FIFA extended this ban to all worldwide matches, but this was modified a week later to allow friendly matches outside of Europe to take place. In December 1985 FIFA announced that English clubs were also free to play friendly games in Europe, though the Belgian government banned any English clubs playing in their country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "NGC 249", "paragraph_text": "NGC 249 is an emission nebula in the constellation Tucana. It was discovered in 1826 by the astronomer James Dunlop.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Arnold Schwarzenegger", "paragraph_text": "Schwarzenegger's private jet made an emergency landing at Van Nuys Airport on June 19, 2009, after the pilot reported smoke coming from the cockpit, according to a statement released by the governor's press secretary. No one was harmed in the incident.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "History of tobacco", "paragraph_text": "John Hawkins was the first to bring tobacco seeds to England. William Harrison's English Chronology mentions tobacco smoking in the country as of 1573, before Sir Walter Raleigh brought the first ``Virginia ''tobacco to Europe from the Roanoke Colony, referring to it as tobah as early as 1578. In 1595 Anthony Chute published Tabaco, which repeated earlier arguments about the benefits of the plant and emphasised the health - giving properties of pipe - smoking.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Smoking ban in England", "paragraph_text": "A smoking ban in England, making it illegal to smoke in all enclosed work places in England, came into force on 1 July 2007 as a consequence of the Health Act 2006. Similar bans had already been introduced by the rest of the United Kingdom: in Scotland on 26 March 2006, Wales on 2 April 2007 and Northern Ireland on 30 April 2007.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Nicotine marketing", "paragraph_text": "After World War II, cigarette companies advertised frequently on television programs. To combat this move by the cigarette companies, the Federal Communications Commission required television stations to air anti-smoking advertisements at no cost to the organizations providing such advertisements. In 1970, Congress took their anti-smoking initiative one step further and passed the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act, banning the advertising of cigarettes on television and radio starting on January 2, 1971. After the television ban, most cigarette advertising took place in magazines, newspapers, and on billboards. However, in 1999 all cigarette billboard advertisements were replaced with anti-smoking messages, with some of these anti-smoking messages playing parodies of cigarette companies advertising figures and slogans. Since 1984, cigarette companies have also been forced to place Surgeon's General warnings on all cigarette packs and advertisements because of the passing of the Federal Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act. Restrictions on cigarette companies became even tighter in 2010 with the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act. The act prohibits tobacco companies from sponsoring sports, music, and other cultural events and also prevents the display of their logos or products on T - shirts, hats, or other apparel. The constitutionality of both this act and the Food and Drug Administration's new graphic cigarette warning labels are being questioned under cigarette companies' first amendment rights.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Roman (given name)", "paragraph_text": "Roman is a male first name. It has distant origins dating back to the Roman Empire and the Latin language. It comes from the Latin word ``romanus '', which means`` of Rome''. In this initial sense, the title ``Roman ''means`` a citizen of the Roman Empire'', a man of Roman (or Byzantine) culture, Latin or Greek. The name day festival for Roman may take place on different days depending on the country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Gareth Dunlop", "paragraph_text": "Gareth Dunlop (born East Belfast) is a singer-songwriter from Northern Ireland who is a multi-instrumentalist, engineer and producer. His distinct songwriting and vocal styles has led to his songs being featured in numerous television shows, films and commercials. In 2013, Dunlop's song \"Wrap Your Arms Around Me\" was part of the soundtrack for the movie \"Safe Haven\" based on a romance novel by Nicholas Sparks. His song was the second best selling single on the album. Currently, Dunlop is in a joint venture publishing deal with Moraine Music Group and Round Hill Music. He spends time in both the US and Northern Ireland, but permanently lives in Belfast and operates a recording studio in Hollywood.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Facebook", "paragraph_text": "In many countries the social networking sites and mobile apps have been blocked temporarily or permanently, including China, Iran, Syria, and North Korea. In May 2018, the government of Papua New Guinea announced that it would ban Facebook for a month while it considered the impact of the website on the country, though no ban has since occurred.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Smoking in Ireland", "paragraph_text": "Smoking in workplaces in Ireland was banned on 29 March 2004, making Ireland the first country in the world to institute an outright ban on smoking in workplaces. From that date onwards, under the Public Health (Tobacco) Acts, it has been illegal to smoke in all enclosed workplaces. The ban is strictly enforced and includes bars, restaurants, clubs, offices, public buildings, company cars, trucks, taxis and vans. A private residence is considered a workplace when tradespeople, such as plumbers or electricians, are working there. €3,000 is the maximum fine on the spot, while a prison sentence can also be given at a later time for violators. The law exempts dwellings, prisons, nursing homes, psychiatric wards, hotel rooms charitable accommodation and college dorm rooms. Certain buildings such as some hospitals forbid smoking anywhere in the grounds.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Pub", "paragraph_text": "The number of pubs in the UK has declined year on year, at least since 1982. Various reasons are put forward for this, such as the failure of some establishments to keep up with customer requirements. Others claim the smoking ban of 2007, intense competition from gastro-pubs, the availability of cheap alcohol in supermarkets or the general economic climate are either to blame, or are factors in the decline. Changes in demographics may be an additional factor.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 101928, "question": "Of what country is Gareth Dunlop a citizen?", "answer": "Ireland", "paragraph_support_idx": 16 }, { "id": 81270, "question": "when did the smoking ban come in #1", "answer": "29 March 2004", "paragraph_support_idx": 18 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "To Rise Again at a Decent Hour", "paragraph_text": "To Rise Again at a Decent Hour is a novel by the American writer Joshua Ferris. The novel was shortlisted for the 2014 Man Booker Prize and won the 2014 Dylan Thomas Prize.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Edson Martins", "paragraph_text": "Edson Martins (born 4 October 1989 in São Paulo) is a bobsledder from Brazil. He competed for Brazil at the 2014 Winter Olympics in the four-man competition where he placed in 29th position out of 30 teams along with (Edson Bindilatti, Fábio Gonçalves Silva and Odirlei Pessoni).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Khalanga, Salyan", "paragraph_text": "Khalanga is market center in Sharada Municipality in Salyan District in the Rapti Zone of western-central Nepal. The place formerly existing as Village Development Committee was annexed to form a new municipality since 18 May 2014. It is the district headquarter of Salyan District. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 6380.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Jacksonville, Florida", "paragraph_text": "Jacksonville is the largest city by population in the U.S. state of Florida, and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States. It is the county seat of Duval County, with which the city government consolidated in 1968. Consolidation gave Jacksonville its great size and placed most of its metropolitan population within the city limits; with an estimated population of 853,382 in 2014, it is the most populous city proper in Florida and the Southeast, and the 12th most populous in the United States. Jacksonville is the principal city in the Jacksonville metropolitan area, with a population of 1,345,596 in 2010.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "New York City", "paragraph_text": "New York City is the most-populous city in the United States, with an estimated record high of 8,491,079 residents as of 2014, incorporating more immigration into the city than outmigration since the 2010 United States Census. More than twice as many people live in New York City as in the second-most populous U.S. city (Los Angeles), and within a smaller area. New York City gained more residents between April 2010 and July 2014 (316,000) than any other U.S. city. New York City's population amounts to about 40% of New York State's population and a similar percentage of the New York metropolitan area population.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Bear Valley, Alpine County, California", "paragraph_text": "Bear Valley is a census-designated place in Alpine County, California. The population was 121 at the 2010 census, down from 133 at the 2000 census. The town is accessible by State Route 4. Bear Valley is within the Stanislaus National Forest. Although inside Alpine County, Bear Valley Fire Department has contracted with California Department of Forestry, San Andreas, for dispatching.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "The House of Smiles", "paragraph_text": "The House of Smiles () is a 1991 Italian film directed by Marco Ferreri. It depicts a romance between an old man and an old woman inside a care home.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Hamilton City, California", "paragraph_text": "Hamilton City (formerly, Hamilton) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Glenn County, California, United States. The population was 1,759 at the 2010 census, down from 1,903 at the 2000 census. Hamilton City is located east of Orland, and 10 miles west of Chico at an elevation of 151 feet (46 m). The community is inside area code 530. The default prefix used for wired telephones in the Hamilton City area is 826. The postal ZIP Code is 95951.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Hoback, Wyoming", "paragraph_text": "Hoback is a census-designated place (CDP) in Teton County, Wyoming, United States. The population was 1,176 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Jackson, WY–ID Micropolitan Statistical Area. The town is named for John Hoback, a mountain man who guided the Astor party through the area in 1811.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Inside the Vault", "paragraph_text": "Inside the Vault is an American news magazine television show hosted by Cris Collinsworth that focuses on today’s American man. The show debuted online on February 3, 2011, and February 4, 2011 on WGN America. After its first season no plans were announced for a second season.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Riverside, Cambria County, Pennsylvania", "paragraph_text": "Riverside is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Stonycreek Township, Cambria County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is located just to the south of the city of Johnstown inside a bend formed by the Stonycreek River. As of the 2010 census, the population of Riverside was 381.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Loïc Costerg", "paragraph_text": "Costerg competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics for France. He teamed with brakeman Romain Heinrich in the two-man event, finishing 20th, and in the France-1 sled with Florent Ribet, Heinrich and Elly Lefort in the four-man event, finishing 17th.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "The Amazing Spider-Man 2", "paragraph_text": "Development of The Amazing Spider - Man 2 began after the success of The Amazing Spider - Man. DeHaan, Giamatti, Jones, and Cooper were cast between December 2012 and February 2013. Filming took place in New York City from February to June 2013. The film was released in 2D, 3D, and IMAX 3D on May 2, 2014, in the United States with two international premieres being held between March 31 & April 10, 2014. The film received mixed reviews, and grossed $709 million worldwide making it the ninth highest grossing film of 2014.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "FIBT World Championships 1965", "paragraph_text": "The FIBT World Championships 1965 took place in St. Moritz, Switzerland for the record tenth time. The Swiss city had hosted the event previously in 1931 (Four-man), 1935 (Four-man), 1937 (Four-man), 1938 (Two-man), 1939 (Two-man), 1947, 1955, 1957, and 1959.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Breezing Up (A Fair Wind)", "paragraph_text": "Breezing Up (A Fair Wind) is an oil painting by American artist Winslow Homer. It depicts a catboat called the \"Gloucester\" chopping through that city's harbor under \"a fair wind\" (Homer's original title). Inside the boat are a man, three boys, and their catch.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "The Dream Life of Balso Snell", "paragraph_text": "The Dream Life of Balso Snell is a 1931 novel by American author Nathanael West. West's first novel, it presents a young man's immature and cynical search for meaning in a series of dreamlike encounters inside the entrails of the Trojan Horse.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Anaikot", "paragraph_text": "Anaikot is a market place in Panchkhal Municipality in Kavrepalanchok District in the Bagmati Zone of central Nepal. It was merged to form the new municipality along with Panchkhal, Deuvumi Baluwa, Anaikot and Sathighar Bhagawati village development committee on 18 May 2014. At the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4990 and had 890 houses.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Inside Man", "paragraph_text": "Principal photography for \"Inside Man\" took place on location in New York City; filming began in June 2005 and concluded in August after 43 days. Universal Pictures provided a budget of $45 million. By filming in New York, the production was eligible for the city's \"Made in NY\" incentives program. Interior sets were created at the New York-based Steiner Studios, and \"Inside Man\" was the second film (after 2005's \"The Producers\") to be shot inside the 15-acre facility.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Alive Inside: A Story of Music and Memory", "paragraph_text": "Alive Inside: A Story of Music and Memory is a 2014 American documentary film directed and produced by Michael Rossato-Bennett. The film premiered in competition category of \"U.S. Documentary Competition program\" at the 2014 Sundance Film Festival on January 18, 2014. It won the Audience Award: U.S. Documentary at the festival. The film deals with the subject of people suffering from Alzheimer's disease and how music therapy can help and ease their suffering. In many chapters of the film Dan Cohen of Music and Memory places music headphones on patients and we see them become very expressive; his pioneering efforts have placed personal music players in nursing homes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "2015 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification", "paragraph_text": "The play-off was contested between Trinidad and Tobago, CONCACAF's fourth-placed team, and Ecuador, CONMEBOL's third-placed team. The draw for the order of legs was held in Zürich on 22 July 2014. Ecuador hosted the first leg on 8 November 2014, and Trinidad and Tobago hosted the second leg on 2 December 2014.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 136560, "question": "Which place is Inside Man in?", "answer": "New York City", "paragraph_support_idx": 17 }, { "id": 1909, "question": "What was the population of #1 in 2014?", "answer": "8,491,079", "paragraph_support_idx": 4 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "List of nuclear weapons tests of India", "paragraph_text": "India's Pokhran I series tests and detonations Name Date time (UT) Local time zone Location Elevation + height Delivery, Purpose Device Yield Fallout References Notes Smiling Buddha 000000001974 - 05 - 18 - 0000 18 May 1974 02: 34: 55.0 IST (+ 5.5 hrs) Pokhran, India 27 ° 05 ′ 40 ''N 71 ° 45 ′ 13'' E  /  27.09451 ° N 71.75365 ° E  / 27.09451; 71.75365  (Smiling Buddha) 000128! 235 m (771 ft) - 107 m (351 ft) underground shaft, 000120000! 12 kt Indira Gandhi declared Smiling Buddha to be a peaceful test.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Borobudur", "paragraph_text": "The Buddha statues are in niches at the Rupadhatu level, arranged in rows on the outer sides of the balustrades, the number of statues decreasing as platforms progressively diminish to the upper level. The first balustrades have 104 niches, the second 104, the third 88, the fourth 72 and the fifth 64. In total, there are 432 Buddha statues at the Rupadhatu level. At the Arupadhatu level (or the three circular platforms), Buddha statues are placed inside perforated stupas. The first circular platform has 32 stupas, the second 24 and the third 16, which adds up to 72 stupas. Of the original 504 Buddha statues, over 300 are damaged (mostly headless), and 43 are missing. Since the monument's discovery, heads have been acquired as collector's items, mostly by Western museums. Some of these Buddha heads are now displayed in numbers of museums, such as the Tropenmuseum in Amsterdam, Musée Guimet in Paris, and The British Museum in London.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Buddhism", "paragraph_text": "Buddhists do not consider Siddhartha Gautama to have been the only Buddha. The Pali Canon refers to many previous ones (see List of the 28 Buddhas), while the Mahayana tradition additionally has many Buddhas of celestial, rather than historical, origin (see Amitabha or Vairocana as examples, for lists of many thousands Buddha names see Taishō Shinshū Daizōkyō numbers 439–448). A common Theravada and Mahayana Buddhist belief is that the next Buddha will be one named Maitreya (Pali: Metteyya).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Buddhism", "paragraph_text": "In the Mahayana, the Buddha tends not to be viewed as merely human, but as the earthly projection of a beginningless and endless, omnipresent being (see Dharmakaya) beyond the range and reach of thought. Moreover, in certain Mahayana sutras, the Buddha, Dharma and Sangha are viewed essentially as One: all three are seen as the eternal Buddha himself.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "San Millán/Donemiliaga", "paragraph_text": "San Millán () is a scattered municipality made up of several villages located in the province of Araba (Álava), in the Basque Country, northern Spain. Its biggest nucleus is the village San Roman, lying at the south of the important road axis E-5 E-80 N-1 cutting its way east to west through the Alavese Plains.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Pabellón Ciudad de Algeciras", "paragraph_text": "Pabellón Ciudad de Algeciras is an arena in Algeciras, Spain. It is primarily used for team handball and is the home arena of Algeciras BM. The arena holds 2,300 people.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Polideportivo Huerta del Rey", "paragraph_text": "Polideportivo Huerta del Rey is an arena located in Valladolid, Spain. It is primarily used for team handball and is the home arena of BM Atlético Valladolid and BM Aula Cultural. From 1976 to 1985 it was the home of CB Valladolid in basketball, before moving to the Pabellón Polideportivo Pisuerga which is used by the handball team for European matches. The arena holds 3,500 people.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "MacGregor, Manitoba", "paragraph_text": "MacGregor is a community in the Canadian province of Manitoba. It held town status prior to January 1, 2015 when it amalgamated with the Rural Municipality of North Norfolk to form the Municipality of North Norfolk. MacGregor is located approximately west of Winnipeg and east of Brandon. It is a farming community, with the biggest industry in the area being agriculture. The community is surrounded by farms, and the Trans-Canada Highway is located just north of MacGregor.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Valencia", "paragraph_text": "Valencia's port is the biggest on the Mediterranean western coast, the first of Spain in container traffic as of 2008 and the second of Spain in total traffic, handling 20% of Spain's exports. The main exports are foodstuffs and beverages. Other exports include oranges, furniture, ceramic tiles, fans, textiles and iron products. Valencia's manufacturing sector focuses on metallurgy, chemicals, textiles, shipbuilding and brewing. Small and medium-sized industries are an important part of the local economy, and before the current crisis unemployment was lower than the Spanish average.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "The Buddha (2010 film)", "paragraph_text": "The Buddha is a 2010 PBS documentary directed by David Grubin and narrated by Richard Gere. The film follows the story of the Gautama Buddha's life and discusses the history and teachings of Buddhism.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Borobudur", "paragraph_text": "At first glance, all the Buddha statues appear similar, but there is a subtle difference between them in the mudras, or the position of the hands. There are five groups of mudra: North, East, South, West and Zenith, which represent the five cardinal compass points according to Mahayana. The first four balustrades have the first four mudras: North, East, South and West, of which the Buddha statues that face one compass direction have the corresponding mudra. Buddha statues at the fifth balustrades and inside the 72 stupas on the top platform have the same mudra: Zenith. Each mudra represents one of the Five Dhyani Buddhas; each has its own symbolism.Following the order of Pradakshina (clockwise circumumbulation) starting from the East, the mudras of the Borobudur buddha statues are:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Lon Wa Buddhist Temple", "paragraph_text": "The Longhua Temple, also known as the Lon Wa Buddhist Temple is one of the biggest Buddhist temples in the Philippines and the biggest in the island of Mindanao. It is located in the Agdao District, 3-4 kilometers northeast of the center of Davao City at Cabagiuo Avenue.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Pattaya", "paragraph_text": "Wat Yanasangwararam Woramahawihan is a temple constructed in 1976 for Somdet Phra Yanasangwon, the present supreme patriarch. Within the temple compound are a replica of the Buddha's footprint, and a large chedi containing Buddha relics.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Battle of Cape Palos", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Cape Palos, also known as the Second Battle of Cape Palos, was the biggest naval battle of the Spanish Civil War, fought on the night of March 5–6, 1938, east of Cape Palos near Cartagena, Spain.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Buddhism", "paragraph_text": "According to the scriptures, Gautama Buddha presented himself as a model. The Dharma offers a refuge by providing guidelines for the alleviation of suffering and the attainment of Nirvana. The Sangha is considered to provide a refuge by preserving the authentic teachings of the Buddha and providing further examples that the truth of the Buddha's teachings is attainable.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Pattaya", "paragraph_text": "Mini Siam is a miniature model village which celebrates the heritages of Thailand with replicas of the most famous monuments and historical sites including the Temple of the Emerald Buddha, Democracy Monument, the Bridge over the River Kwai, and Prasat Hin Phimai. Models of the Tower Bridge of London, Eiffel Tower, the Statue of Liberty, and Trevi Fountain are also displayed in the section called \"mini-world\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Buddhism", "paragraph_text": "Buddhists believe Gautama Buddha was the first to achieve enlightenment in this Buddha era and is therefore credited with the establishment of Buddhism. A Buddha era is the stretch of history during which people remember and practice the teachings of the earliest known Buddha. This Buddha era will end when all the knowledge, evidence and teachings of Gautama Buddha have vanished. This belief therefore maintains that many Buddha eras have started and ended throughout the course of human existence.[web 15][web 16] The Gautama Buddha, therefore, is the Buddha of this era, who taught directly or indirectly to all other Buddhas in it (see types of Buddhas).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Santa María la Mayor (Alcañiz)", "paragraph_text": "Santa María la Mayor is a church in Alcañiz, Aragon, northern Spain. It had the status of collegiate church from 1407 to 1851. It includes a large Gothic tower, and a wide façade in Baroque style.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Belfast", "paragraph_text": "By the early 1800s the former town was home to a major port. Belfast played a key role in the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century, becoming the biggest linen producer in the world, earning it the nickname ``Linenopolis ''. By the time it was granted city status in 1888, it was a major centre of the Irish linen as well as tobacco - processing, rope - making and shipbuilding industries. Harland and Wolff, which built the RMS Titanic, was the world's biggest and most productive shipyard. It later also sustained a major aerospace and missiles industry. Industrialisation and the inward migration it brought made Belfast Ireland's biggest city at the time. It became the capital of Northern Ireland following the Partition of Ireland in 1922. Its status as a global industrial centre ended in the decades after the Second World War.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Tourism in Spain", "paragraph_text": "Tourism in Spain is the 3rd major contributor to the national economic life just after the industry and the business / banking sector, contributing about 10 - 11% of Spain's GDP. Ever since the 1960s and 1970s, the country has been a popular destination for summer holidays, especially with large numbers of tourists from the UK, France, Germany, Italy, the Benelux and the United States, among others. Accordingly, Spain's foreign tourist industry has grown into the second - biggest in the world.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 158735, "question": "Where is Spain primarily located?", "answer": "Europe", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 29229, "question": "Where is the biggest Buddha statue in #1 ?", "answer": "The Pagode de Vincennes Buddhist temple", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[ "Buddhism" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Maly Volkhovets River", "paragraph_text": "The Maly Volkhovets () is a right (eastern) armlet of the Volkhov River in Novgorodsky District of Novgorod Oblast in Russia. It splits from the Volkhov below its outflow from the Lake Ilmen, bypasses the city of Veliky Novgorod (so that the eastern part of the city is situated on an island), and rejoins the Volkhov north of the Khutyn Monastery. It is long. The Vishera River, one of the Volkhov's principal tributaries, is a tributary of the Maly Volkhovets.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "N83 road (Ireland)", "paragraph_text": "The N83 road is a national secondary road in Ireland that runs (north to south) from its junction with the N17 just south of Ireland West Airport Knock in County Mayo to a point just north of Tuam, County Galway where it rejoins the N17. On 27 September 2017, the old N17 from the Kilmore Roundabout in Tuam to the junction with the N6 in Galway city was redesignated as the N83.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Criteria for a Black Widow", "paragraph_text": "Criteria for a Black Widow is the seventh studio album by Canadian heavy metal band Annihilator, released on June 1, 1999 by Roadrunner Records. It is the only album to feature the reunited \"Alice in Hell\"-era line-up (with the exception of bassist Wayne Darley, who declined to rejoin the band, and was replaced by Russ Bergquist).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Greece", "paragraph_text": "Meanwhile, Andreas Papandreou founded the Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK) in response to Karamanlis's conservative New Democracy party, with the two political formations alternating in government ever since. Greece rejoined NATO in 1980. Greece became the tenth member of the European Communities (subsequently subsumed by the European Union) on 1 January 1981, ushering in a period of sustained growth. Widespread investments in industrial enterprises and heavy infrastructure, as well as funds from the European Union and growing revenues from tourism, shipping and a fast-growing service sector raised the country's standard of living to unprecedented levels. Traditionally strained relations with neighbouring Turkey improved when successive earthquakes hit both nations in 1999, leading to the lifting of the Greek veto against Turkey's bid for EU membership.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Deutscher Fußball-Verband der DDR", "paragraph_text": "The Deutscher Fußball-Verband der DDR (DFV) was from 1958 the football association of the (East) German Democratic Republic, fielding the East Germany national football team until 1990 before rejoining its counterpart, the German Football Association (DFB), which had been founded in 1900.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Beni Prasad Verma", "paragraph_text": "Beni Prasad Verma (born 11 February 1941) is an Indian politician and presently a member of the Samajwadi Party. Earlier he was with Samajwadi Party of Mulayam Singh Yadav, then he joined Indian National Congress and was elected on its ticket to Lok Sabha in 2009. In 2016 he rejoined Samajwadi Party.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Mowgli", "paragraph_text": "Finally, Mowgli stumbles across the village where his adopted human mother (Messua), is now living, which forces him to come to terms with his humanity and decide whether to rejoin his fellow humans in ``The Spring Running ''.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Mimikry", "paragraph_text": "Mimikry is a Swedish punk rock band established by singer Hjalmar \"Hjalle\" Östman and drummer Jonas \"Heavy\" Stentäpp both coming from the Gagnef region west of Sweden. Besides Mimikry with its 8 albums to date, Hjalle and Heavy had an important duo project and had three further albums in their name Hjalle och Heavy, after huge popularity through the television series \"På rymmen\". Heavy was also involved in famous metal band Dökött.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Danilo Kuzmanović", "paragraph_text": "Born in Belgrade, he previously played for Swedish side Djurgårdens IF and during the winter break of the 2011-12 season he rejoined Serbian SuperLiga side FK Rad.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Barbara Aland", "paragraph_text": "Barbara Aland, née Ehlers (born 12 April 1937 in Hamburg, Germany) is a German theologian and was a Professor of New Testament Research and Church History at Westphalian Wilhelms-University of Münster until 2002.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Town Line, New York", "paragraph_text": "Town Line is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in Erie County, New York, United States. The population was 2,367 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Buffalo–Niagara Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area. The community is located on the boundary between the towns of Lancaster and Alden. Town Line is notable for having held a nonbinding vote to secede from the United States in 1861, and for having held a ceremonial vote to rejoin the United States in 1946.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Walter Colquhoun Grant", "paragraph_text": "Walter Colquhoun Grant (27 May 1822 – 27 August 1861) was British Army officer and a pioneer settler in what is today British Columbia. He served briefly as a colonial surveyor but left after a few years to rejoin the army. He died while in the service in Saugor, Bengal, India at 39.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Pierre Chaulet", "paragraph_text": "Pierre Chaulet (born and died in Algiers 1930-5 October 2012) was an Algerian doctor who worked with the FLN during the Algerian War. He performed secret operations on FLN fighters and sheltered the FLN leader Ramdane Abane. Eventually his cover was blown and he was expelled to France. Chaulet and his wife, Claudine, rejoined the FLN in Tunisia where he continued to work as a doctor and to write for the FLN paper, El Moudjahid.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Sebastiano Bedendo", "paragraph_text": "Maggiore Sebastiano Bedendo (18 July 1895-24 August 1935) was a World War I flying ace credited with five aerial victories. After completing his education postwar, he rejoined Italian military aviation. He set several world aviation flying records with a Nuvoli N.5 monoplane before dying in an air crash.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Separation of Panama from Colombia", "paragraph_text": "The separation of Panama from Colombia was formalized on 3 November 1903, with the establishment of the Republic of Panama. From the Independence of Panama from Spain in 1821, Panama had simultaneously declared independence from Spain and joined itself to the confederation of Gran Colombia through the Independence Act of Panama. Panama was always tenuously connected to the rest of the country to the south, owing to its remoteness from the government in Bogotá and lack of a practical overland connection to the rest of Gran Colombia. In 1840 - 1841, a short - lived independent republic was established under Tomás de Herrera. After rejoining Colombia following a 13 - month independence, it remained a province which saw frequent rebellious flare - ups, notably the Panama crisis of 1885, which saw the intervention of the United States Navy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Charlotte 49ers", "paragraph_text": "The Charlotte 49ers represent the NCAA Division I sports teams of the University of North Carolina at Charlotte. A founding member of Conference USA (C-USA), Charlotte rejoined the conference in 2013 after spending eight years as a member of the Atlantic 10 Conference. Previously, Charlotte was a charter member of the Sun Belt Conference and was a member of the Metro Conference.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Dutch Republic", "paragraph_text": "The Netherlands regained independence from France in 1813. In the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814 the names \"United Provinces of the Netherlands\" and \"United Netherlands\" were used. In 1815 it was rejoined with the Austrian Netherlands, Luxembourg and Liège (the \"Southern provinces\") to become the Kingdom of the Netherlands, informally known as the Kingdom of the United Netherlands, to create a strong buffer state north of France. After Belgium and Luxembourg became independent, the state became unequivocally known as the Kingdom of the Netherlands, as it remains today.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "England national football team", "paragraph_text": "To begin with, England had no permanent home stadium. They joined FIFA in 1906 and played their first ever games against countries other than the Home Nations on a tour of Central Europe in 1908. Wembley Stadium was opened in 1923 and became their home ground. The relationship between England and FIFA became strained, and this resulted in their departure from FIFA in 1928, before they rejoined in 1946. As a result, they did not compete in a World Cup until 1950, in which they were beaten in a 1–0 defeat by the United States, failing to get past the first round in one of the most embarrassing defeats in the team's history.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Illinois Route 145", "paragraph_text": "Illinois Route 145 is a north–south state road in southern Illinois. It splits off from U.S. Route 45 near Metropolis (across the Ohio River from Paducah, Kentucky) and runs north, rejoining U.S. 45 in Harrisburg. This is a distance of .", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "The Kelley Deal 6000", "paragraph_text": "The Kelley Deal 6000 was an alternative rock band formed in Saint Paul, Minnesota and was active between 1995 and 1997. They were formed by Kelley Deal in 1995, while her main band The Breeders was on hiatus and after she had just completed a stint in rehab. The band released two albums in 1995 and 1997, before Kelley went back to rejoin The Breeders the following year.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 107288, "question": "Which was the country for Mimikry?", "answer": "Sweden", "paragraph_support_idx": 7 }, { "id": 159613, "question": "When did Alanders rejoin #1 ?", "answer": "December 1917", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Big Canyon", "paragraph_text": "The Big Canyon is a stretch of the Quesnel River in the Cariboo Country of the Central Interior of British Columbia, Canada, near the city of the same name.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Iss Pyaar Ko Kya Naam Doon 3", "paragraph_text": "Iss Pyaar Ko Kya Naam Doon 3 Genre Romance Mystery Drama Created by Gul Khan Creative director (s) Gorky M Starring Barun Sobti Shivani Tomar Opening theme ``Rabba Ve ''by Amit Mishra Country of origin India Original language (s) Hindi No. of episodes 60 as of 25 September 2017 Production Producer (s) Gul Khan Camera setup Multi-camera Running time 20 minutes Production company (s) 4 Lions Films Release Original network Star Plus Picture format 720i (SDTV) 1080i (HDTV) Original release 3 July 2017 (2017 - 07 - 03) -- 6 October", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Dossa Júnior", "paragraph_text": "Dossa Júnior was born in Lisbon, Portugal. In that country he only played with Imortal DC, spending the 2005–06 season in the third division. Subsequently, the 20-year-old moved to Cyprus, signing with Digenis Akritas Morphou in the First Division and suffering team relegation.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 3, "title": "The Vietnam War (TV series)", "paragraph_text": "The Vietnam War Genre Documentary Written by Geoffrey C. Ward Directed by Ken Burns and Lynn Novick Narrated by Peter Coyote Composer (s) Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross Country of origin United States Original language (s) English No. of episodes 10 Production Cinematography Buddy Squires Editor (s) Tricia Reidy Paul Barnes Erik Ewers Craig Mellish Running time 1035 mins (171⁄4 hours) Distributor Public Broadcasting Service Release Original network Public Broadcasting Service Original release September 17, 2017 External links Website www.pbs.org/kenburns/the-vietnam-war/home", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Soldier Soldier", "paragraph_text": "Soldier Soldier Genre Military drama Created by Lucy Gannon Starring Robson Green Jerome Flynn Opening theme ``Soldier Soldier ''Country of origin United Kingdom Original language (s) English No. of series 7 No. of episodes 82 Production Executive producer (s) Ted Childs (Series 1 -- 5) Jonathan Powell (Series 6 -- 7) Running time 50 minutes Production company (s) Central Independent Television Distributor ITV Studios Release Original network ITV Picture format 4: 3 Audio format Stereo Original release 10 June 1991 (1991 - 06 - 10) -- 9 December 1997 (1997 - 12 - 09)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "M*A*S*H (season 11)", "paragraph_text": "M * A * S * H (season 11) Country of origin United States No. of episodes 16 Release Original network CBS Original release October 25, 1982 (1982 - 10 - 25) -- February 28, 1983 (1983 - 02 - 28) Season chronology ← Previous Season 10 List of M * A * S * H episodes", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Dossa and Joe", "paragraph_text": "Made by Granada Australia, for the BBC, the Sydney-based series centres on a working class couple called Dossa and Joe. When Joe retires from his job as a factory worker, the couple realizes they know little about each other despite being married 40 years. Against Joe's wishes, the couple begins marriage counseling.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Antonio Viera Júnior", "paragraph_text": "Antonio Viera Júnior (Gabriel Vieira) (born November 14, 1977 in Sorocaba, Brazil) is a Brazilian football player currently playing for General Caballero of the Primera División in Paraguay.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Get Up! (TV program)", "paragraph_text": "Get Up! Starring Mike Greenberg Michelle Beadle Jalen Rose Country of origin United States Production Location (s) New York City Running time 3 hours Release Original network ESPN Original release April 2, 2018 -- present", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Bennett (name)", "paragraph_text": "Bennett Pronunciation / ˈbɛnɪt / Origin Region of origin England Language (s) Anglo - Norman, Old French Meaning ``blessed ''Other names Variant (s) Benedict, Benoît, Bénet", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Ex on the Beach (American TV series)", "paragraph_text": "Ex on the Beach Genre Reality game show Presented by Romeo Miller Country of origin United States Original language (s) English No. of seasons No. of episodes 10 Production Location (s) Hilo, Hawaii Release Original network MTV Original release April 19, 2018 (2018 - 04 - 19) -- present Chronology Related shows Are You the One? The Bachelor The Bachelorette Bad Girls Club Big Brother The Challenge Vanderpump Rules External links Website", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "She's Gotta Have It (TV series)", "paragraph_text": "She's Gotta Have It Genre Comedy - drama Created by Spike Lee Based on She's Gotta Have It by Spike Lee Starring DeWanda Wise Anthony Ramos Lyriq Bent Cleo Anthony Country of origin United States Original language (s) English No. of seasons No. of episodes 10 Production Executive producer (s) Spike Lee Tonya Lewis Lee Running time 31 -- 38 minutes Production company (s) Tonik Productions 40 Acres and a Mule Filmworks Distributor Netflix Release Original network Netflix Original release November 23, 2017 -- present External links Website", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Anthony (given name)", "paragraph_text": "Anthony Gender Masculine Language (s) English Origin Language (s) Latin, from Etruscan Word / name Antonius Other names Variant form (s) Antony, Antoine, Anton, Antun, Ante, Antonio, Anto Pet form (s) Ant, Antonino, Nino, Toni, Tony, Tone, Toño", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "United States dollar", "paragraph_text": "The colloquialism \"buck\"(s) (much like the British word \"quid\"(s, pl) for the pound sterling) is often used to refer to dollars of various nations, including the U.S. dollar. This term, dating to the 18th century, may have originated with the colonial leather trade. It may also have originated from a poker term. \"Greenback\" is another nickname originally applied specifically to the 19th century Demand Note dollars created by Abraham Lincoln to finance the costs of the Civil War for the North. The original note was printed in black and green on the back side. It is still used to refer to the U.S. dollar (but not to the dollars of other countries). Other well-known names of the dollar as a whole in denominations include \"greenmail\", \"green\" and \"dead presidents\" (the last because deceased presidents are pictured on most bills).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Sacred Games (TV series)", "paragraph_text": "Sacred Games Genre Crime Thriller Based on Sacred Games by Vikram Chandra Written by Varun Grover Smita Singh Vasant Nath Directed by Anurag Kashyap Vikramaditya Motwane Starring Saif Ali Khan Nawazuddin Siddiqui Radhika Apte Theme music composer Alokananda Dasgupta Composer (s) Background Score: Alokananda Dasgupta Songs: Phenom Divine Country of origin India Original language (s) Hindi No. of seasons No. of episodes 8 (list of episodes) Production Executive producer (s) Kelly Luegenbiehl Erik Barmack Vikramaditya Motwane Production location (s) India Cinematography Swapnil Sonawane Sylvester Fonseca Aseem Bajaj Editor (s) Aarti Bajaj Production company (s) Phantom Films Distributor Netflix Release Original network Netflix Original release 6 July 2018 (2018 - 07 - 06) External links Website", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Bigg Boss Marathi", "paragraph_text": "Bigg Boss Marathi Presented by Mahesh Manjrekar Country of origin India Original language (s) Marathi No. of seasons No. of episodes 98 Production Location (s) Lonavala Running time 60 - 90 minutes (approx.) Production company (s) Endemol India Release Original release 15 April 2018 (2018 - 04 - 15) -- present", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Bir Çocuk Sevdim", "paragraph_text": "Bir Çocuk Sevdim Genre Family drama Written by Gaye Boralıoğlu Sema Ali Erol Figen Şakacı Emine Algan Ümit Kıvanç Directed by Cevdet Mercan Starring Bülent İnal Çetin Tekindor Gülcan Arslan Hakan Kurtaş Country of origin Turkey Original language (s) Turkish No. of seasons No. of episodes 79 Production Producer (s) Timur Savcı Production location (s) Istanbul Running time 90 minutes Production company (s) TMC Release Original network Kanal D (2011) Star TV (2012) Original release September 9, 2011 (2011 - 09 - 09) -- June 18, 2012 (2012 - 06 - 18)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Nigeria", "paragraph_text": "The name Nigeria was taken from the Niger River running through the country. This name was allegedly coined in the late 19th century by British journalist Flora Shaw, she was inspired by the name of the river, in preference to terms such as \"Central Sudan\". The origin of the name ''Nigeria'' came from the name of the Niger River. The word ( Niger ) is an alteration of the Tuareg name egerew n-igerewen used by inhabitants along the middle reaches of the river around Timbuktu prior to 19th-century European colonialism. Egerew n-igerewen means River of the Rivers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "My 600-lb Life", "paragraph_text": "Genre Reality Directed by Jonathan Nowzaradan Conor McAnally Starring Younan Nowzaradan, MD Composer (s) David Hamburger Country of origin United States Original language (s) English No. of seasons 6 No. of episodes 70 Production Executive producer (s) Jack Tarantino Cameo Wallace Ron Bowman Jeff Keels Graham Davidson Tom Mireles Jonathan Nowzaradan Producer (s) Leslie Appleyard Amy Yerrington Dawn Cooper Johnson Production location (s) Houston, Texas Cinematography Taylor Rudd Editor (s) Shrader Thomas Jennifer Kovacs Gareth Dawson John Gehrke Knox Hughes Camera setup Multi-camera Running time 60 -- 120 minutes Production company (s) Megalomedia Distributor The Learning Channel (TLC) Release Original network TLC Original release February 1, 2012 (2012 - 02 - 01) -- present External links Website", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Beat Bobby Flay", "paragraph_text": "Beat Bobby Flay Genre Cooking Starring Bobby Flay Judges Various Country of origin United States Original language (s) English No. of seasons 18 No. of episodes 215 Release Original network Food Network Picture format HDTV External links Beat Bobby Flay", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 103397, "question": "What is Dossa Júnior's country of original?", "answer": "Portugal", "paragraph_support_idx": 2 }, { "id": 38855, "question": "What is the name of #1 's central bank?", "answer": "Banco de Portugal", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "USS Pilgrim II (YFB-30)", "paragraph_text": "USS \"Pilgrim II\" (YFB-30) was a United States Navy motor launch employed as a river patrol boat during her naval service from 1942 to 1947.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "2006 Hajj stampede", "paragraph_text": "The 2006 Hajj stampede resulted in the deaths of at least 364 pilgrims on 12 January 2006 during the Hajj in Mecca.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Arslanbob", "paragraph_text": "Arslanbob ( - \"Arstanbab\"; ; ) is a village, sub district, valley, mountain range, and a large wild walnut (\"Juglans regia\") forest in the Jalal-Abad Region of Kyrgyzstan. Kyrgyzstan's first known export to Europe was the Arslanbob walnut. Two waterfalls are located in the area which attract tourists, pilgrims and other visitors during the spring and summer months.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Pilgrims (Plymouth Colony)", "paragraph_text": "The Pilgrims or Pilgrim Fathers were early European settlers of the Plymouth Colony in present - day Plymouth, Massachusetts, United States. The Pilgrims' leadership came from the religious congregations of Brownist separatist Puritans who had fled the volatile political environment in England for the relative calm and tolerance of 17th - century Holland in the Netherlands. They held Puritan Calvinist religious beliefs but, unlike other Puritans, they maintained that their congregations needed to be separated from the English state church. They were also concerned that they might lose their English cultural identity if they remained in the Netherlands, so they arranged with English investors to establish a new colony in North America. The colony was established in 1621 and became the second successful English settlement in North America (after the founding of Jamestown, Virginia in 1607). The Pilgrims' story became a central theme of the history and culture of the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Pilgrim Hall Museum", "paragraph_text": "The Pilgrim Hall Museum at 75 Court Street in Plymouth, Massachusetts is the oldest public museum in the United States in continuous operation, having opened in 1824.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Sitakunda massacre", "paragraph_text": "Sitakunda massacre () refers to the massacre of Hindu pilgrims on 15 February 1950. The Hindu pilgrims from all over East Bengal, Tripura and Assam were on their way to Sitakunda on the occasion of Maha Shivaratri at the Chandranath temple. The pilgrims were attacked by the Ansars and armed Muslim mobs and massacred at the Sitakunda railway station.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Antelope Wells, New Mexico", "paragraph_text": "Antelope Wells is a small unincorporated community in Hidalgo County, New Mexico, United States. The community is located along the Mexico – United States border, in the New Mexico Bootheel region, located across the border from the small settlement of El Berrendo, Chihuahua, Mexico. Despite its name, there are neither antelope nor wells in the area. The name comes from an old ranch, located north of the current community. The only inhabitants of the community are United States Customs and Border Protection employees.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Pilgrims (Plymouth Colony)", "paragraph_text": "The core of the group that came to be known as the Pilgrims were brought together between 1586 and 1605 by shared theological beliefs, as expressed by Richard Clyfton, a Brownist parson at All Saints' Parish Church in Babworth, near East Retford, Nottinghamshire. This congregation held Puritan beliefs comparable to other non-conforming movements (i.e., groups not in communion with the Church of England) led by Robert Browne, John Greenwood, and Henry Barrowe. As Separatists, they also held that their differences with the Church of England were irreconcilable and that their worship should be independent of the trappings, traditions, and organization of a central church -- unlike those Puritans who maintained their membership in and allegiance to the Church of England. William Brewster, a former diplomatic assistant to the Netherlands, was living in the Scrooby manor house, serving as postmaster for the village and bailiff to the Archbishop of York. He had been impressed by Clyfton's services and had begun participating in services led by John Smyth in Gainsborough, Lincolnshire.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Bevercotes", "paragraph_text": "Bevercotes is a hamlet and civil parish in the Bassetlaw district of Nottinghamshire, England, about six miles south of East Retford and five miles north-east of Ollerton. According to the 2001 census it had a population of 28. The population remained less than 100 at the 2011 Census and is included in the civil parish of Bothamsall.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 9, "title": "TAT Nigeria", "paragraph_text": "TAT Nigeria was a Nigerian charter airline based at Murtala Muhammed International Airport in Lagos. It specialized in Christian pilgrim tours mainly to Israel.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Pilgrims on the Heart Road", "paragraph_text": "Pilgrims on the Heart Road is an album by Peter Ostroushko, released in 1997. It is the second of the three albums Ostroushko calls his \"heartland trilogy\" — \"Heart of the Heartland\", \"Pilgrims on the Heart Road\", and \"Sacred Heart\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Tosantos", "paragraph_text": "Tosantos is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 60 inhabitants. Tosantos is located on the Camino de Santiago de Compostela, a 1200-year-old pilgrimage route that runs through France and Northern Spain to the Spanish city of Santiago. The hamlet has a pilgrim hostel which is open from April through October and hosts up to 50 pilgrims a night.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Neva Pilgrim", "paragraph_text": "Neva Pilgrim (born in Minnesota, United States) is an American soprano known for her work in the performance of contemporary classical music.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Thanksgiving (United States)", "paragraph_text": "The event that Americans commonly call the ``First Thanksgiving ''was celebrated by the Pilgrims after their first harvest in the New World in October 1621. This feast lasted three days, and -- as accounted by attendee Edward Winslow -- it was attended by 90 Native Americans and 53 Pilgrims. The New England colonists were accustomed to regularly celebrating`` thanksgivings'' -- days of prayer thanking God for blessings such as military victory or the end of a drought.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Pilgrim Memorial State Park", "paragraph_text": "Pilgrim Memorial State Park comprises two monuments — Plymouth Rock and the National Monument to the Forefathers — in Plymouth, Massachusetts. Closely related to these memorials is the Myles Standish Monument State Reservation which can be seen across the Plymouth Bay in Duxbury, Massachusetts. Owned by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, these sites are managed by the Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Plymouth Rock", "paragraph_text": "Plymouth Rock is the traditional site of disembarkation of William Bradford and the Mayflower Pilgrims who founded Plymouth Colony in 1620. The Pilgrims did not refer to Plymouth Rock in any of their writings; the first known written reference to the rock dates to 1715 when it was described in the town boundary records as ``a great rock. ''The first documented claim that Plymouth Rock was the landing place of the Pilgrims was made by Elder Thomas Faunce in 1741, 121 years after the Pilgrims arrived in Plymouth. From that time to the present, Plymouth Rock has occupied a prominent spot in American tradition and has been interpreted by later generations as a symbol both of the virtues and flaws of the first English people who colonized New England. In 1774, the rock broke in half during an attempt to haul it to Town Square in Plymouth. The top portion (the fragment now visible) sat in Town Square, was moved to Pilgrim Hall Museum in 1834, and was returned to its original site on the shore of Plymouth Harbor in 1880. Today it is ensconced beneath a granite canopy designed by McKim, Mead & White.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Pirşağı", "paragraph_text": "Pirşağı (also, Pirshaga and Pirshagi) is a settlement and municipality 34 km away from the railway station of Baku, Azerbaijan. Located on the northern coast of Absheron, it is in the Sabunchu district of Baku city. It is called Pirshagi (the shah of feasts) because it was initially a settlement where pilgrims gathered. A seaside resort, it is considered one of the most ancient settlements in Absheron. It has a population of 4,826.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Pilgrim von Puchheim", "paragraph_text": "Pilgrim von Puchheim ( – 5 April 1396) was Prince-Archbishop of Salzburg (as Pilgrim II) from 1365 until his death. From 1393 onwards, he also was administrator of the Berchtesgaden Provostry. Pilgrim is known as a patron of literature and music with a \"magnificent court\". The Monk of Salzburg lived there for a time, if indeed they are not one and the same person.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Santa Maria della Scala (Siena)", "paragraph_text": "Santa Maria della Scala (also referred to as the Hospital, Ospedale, and Spedale) is located in Siena, Italy. Now a museum, it was once an important civic hospital dedicated to caring for abandoned children, the poor, the sick, and pilgrims. Revenues were earned partially from bequests and donations from the citizens of Siena, particularly the wealthy. The head of the hospital was the rector who managed the lay brothers responsible for its operation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Nadol", "paragraph_text": "Nadol is a census town in Desuri tehsil of Pali district, India. Ashapura Mataji temple and Shri Nadol Tirth attract pilgrims.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 131206, "question": "Which state is Bevercotes located?", "answer": "England", "paragraph_support_idx": 8 }, { "id": 69301, "question": "where did the pilgrims come from in #1", "answer": "Babworth, near East Retford, Nottinghamshire", "paragraph_support_idx": 7 } ]

[ "Retford" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Middle Ages", "paragraph_text": "The Middle Ages is one of the three major periods in the most enduring scheme for analysing European history: classical civilisation, or Antiquity; the Middle Ages; and the Modern Period.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Old English", "paragraph_text": "Old English was not static, and its usage covered a period of 700 years, from the Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain in the 5th century to the late 11th century, some time after the Norman invasion. While indicating that the establishment of dates is an arbitrary process, Albert Baugh dates Old English from 450 to 1150, a period of full inflections, a synthetic language. Perhaps around 85 per cent of Old English words are no longer in use, but those that survived, to be sure, are basic elements of Modern English vocabulary.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "History of Kenya", "paragraph_text": "The European and Arab presence in Mombasa dates to the Early Modern period, but European exploration of the interior began only in the 19th century. The British Empire established the East Africa Protectorate in 1895, from 1920 known as the Kenya Colony.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Journal of Modern Periodical Studies", "paragraph_text": "Journal of Modern Periodical Studies is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering the study of modern periodicals published between 1880-1950 in the English-speaking world. The journal was established in 2010 and is published twice a year by Penn State University Press.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "The Most Dangerous Game", "paragraph_text": "``The Most Dangerous Game ''Author Richard Connell Country United States Language English Genre (s) Adventure fiction Published in Collier's Publication type Periodical Publication date January 19, 1924", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Falls High School", "paragraph_text": "Falls High School is a public high school located in International Falls, Minnesota. The school's class ring design is the oldest class ring tradition in the United States, dating back to 1929. As of 2014 approximately 600 students attend classes in the school. Every grade level ranges from 70-100 students. In the Fall of 2014 the school changed policies and changed over from a 6 period day to a 7 period day. The students have 5 minutes between each class to maneuver to the next one.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Bayan Mandahu Formation", "paragraph_text": "The Bayan Mandahu Formation (or Wulansuhai Formation) is a geological unit of \"redbeds\" located near the village of Bayan Mandahu in Inner Mongolia, China Asia (Gobi Desert) and dates from the late Cretaceous Period. Laid down in the Campanian, it is dated somewhat uncertainly to between 75-71 mya (million years ago).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Kinal", "paragraph_text": "Kinal is a major pre-Columbian Maya archaeological site in the Petén Department of the modern-day Petén Department of northern Guatemala. The major occupational phase for the site dates from the Late Classic period of Mesoamerican chronology (c.600–900 AD), with evidence for a substantial and expansionary building program dating from the first half of the 8th century AD. Kinal was discovered in the 1960s by archaeologist Ian Graham while he was carrying out an archaeological survey of the region, although no excavations were undertaken at the site at that time.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Valampurinathar Temple", "paragraph_text": "The Valampurinathar Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Siva located in Melaperumpallam, Nagapattinam District, Tamil Nadu, India. It situated close to Puhar and Thiruvenkadu. The temple dates back to the Medieval Cholas period.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Late Middle Ages", "paragraph_text": "The changes brought about by these developments have led many scholars to view this period as the end of the Middle Ages and beginning of modern history and early modern Europe. However, the division is somewhat artificial, since ancient learning was never entirely absent from European society. As a result there was developmental continuity between the ancient age (via classical antiquity) and the modern age. Some historians, particularly in Italy, prefer not to speak of the late Middle Ages at all, but rather see the high period of the Middle Ages transitioning to the Renaissance and the modern era.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Isenburg-Arnfels", "paragraph_text": "Isenburg-Arnfels was the name of a state of the Holy Roman Empire, located in the Bad Hönningen area in modern Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Gordon Tract Archeological Site", "paragraph_text": "The Gordon Tract is a late Woodland period archeological site located on the floodplain and bluffs of Hinkson Creek near Columbia, Missouri, United States, which contains the remains of a prehistoric village and mounds. Radiocarbon dating of material obtained from the site gave dates of 1017 and 1112 C.E. The site was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1972. The exact location of the site is restricted to protect the remains from harm. The Missouri Department of Natural Resources lists the site in Grindstone Nature Area, a city park.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Kenya", "paragraph_text": "The African Great Lakes region, which Kenya is a part of, has been inhabited by humans since the Lower Paleolithic period. By the first millennium AD, the Bantu expansion had reached the area from West - Central Africa. The borders of the modern state consequently comprise the crossroads of the Niger - Congo, Nilo - Saharan and Afroasiatic areas of the continent, representing most major ethnolinguistic groups found in Africa. Bantu and Nilotic populations together constitute around 97% of the nation's residents. European and Arab presence in coastal Mombasa dates to the Early Modern period; European exploration of the interior began in the 19th century. The British Empire established the East Africa Protectorate in 1895, which starting in 1920 gave way to the Kenya Colony. Kenya obtained independence in December 1963, but remained a member of the Commonwealth of Nations. Following a referendum in August 2010 and adoption of a new constitution, Kenya is now divided into 47 semi-autonomous counties, governed by elected governors.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "New York City", "paragraph_text": "New York has architecturally noteworthy buildings in a wide range of styles and from distinct time periods, from the saltbox style Pieter Claesen Wyckoff House in Brooklyn, the oldest section of which dates to 1656, to the modern One World Trade Center, the skyscraper at Ground Zero in Lower Manhattan and currently the most expensive new office tower in the world.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Trinchera Cave Archeological District", "paragraph_text": "The Trinchera Cave Archeological District (5LA9555) is an archaeological site in Las Animas County, Colorado with artifacts primarily dating from 1000 BC to AD 1749, although there were some Archaic period artifacts found. The site was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2001 and is located on State Trust Lands.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "University", "paragraph_text": "By the end of the early modern period, the structure and orientation of higher education had changed in ways that are eminently recognizable for the modern context. Aristotle was no longer a force providing the epistemological and methodological focus for universities and a more mechanistic orientation was emerging. The hierarchical place of theological knowledge had for the most part been displaced and the humanities had become a fixture, and a new openness was beginning to take hold in the construction and dissemination of knowledge that were to become imperative for the formation of the modern state.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Modern United States Navy carrier air operations", "paragraph_text": "Modern United States Navy aircraft carrier air operations include the operation of fixed-wing and rotary aircraft on and around an aircraft carrier for performance of combat or noncombat missions. Modern United States Navy aircraft carrier flight operations are highly evolved, based on experiences dating back to 1922 with .", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Yellow River", "paragraph_text": "Early Chinese literature including the Yu Gong or Tribute of Yu dating to the Warring States period (475 -- 221 BC) refers to the Yellow River as simply 河 (Old Chinese: * C. gʕaj, modern Chinese (Pinyin) Hé), a character that has come to mean ``river ''in modern usage. The first appearance of the name 黃河 (Old Chinese: * N - kwʕaŋ C. gʕaj; Middle Chinese: Huang Ha) is in the Book of Han written during the Eastern Han dynasty about the Western Han dynasty. The adjective`` yellow'' describes the perennial color of the muddy water in the lower course of the river, which arises from soil (loess) being carried downstream.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Classical Greece", "paragraph_text": "Classical Greece was a period of around 200 years (5th and 4th centuries BC) in Greek culture. This Classical period saw the annexation of much of modern - day Greece by the Persian Empire and its subsequent independence. Classical Greece had a powerful influence on the Roman Empire and on the foundations of western civilization. Much of modern Western politics, artistic thought (architecture, sculpture), scientific thought, theatre, literature, and philosophy derives from this period of Greek history. In the context of the art, architecture, and culture of Ancient Greece, the Classical period corresponds to most of the 5th and 4th centuries BC (the most common dates being the fall of the last Athenian tyrant in 510 BC and the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC). The Classical period in this sense follows the Archaic period and is in turn succeeded by the Hellenistic period.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Zusailing Formation", "paragraph_text": "The Zusailing Formation is located in Baoting County, Hainan Province, China. It contains carbonaceous phyllite with interbeds of crystalline limestone. Its dated to the late Silurian Period.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 130519, "question": "What state is Bulcote located?", "answer": "England", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 33164, "question": "When is the modern period dated in #1 ?", "answer": "Battle of Bosworth in 1485", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Melbourne", "paragraph_text": "Melbourne is also prone to isolated convective showers forming when a cold pool crosses the state, especially if there is considerable daytime heating. These showers are often heavy and can contain hail and squalls and significant drops in temperature, but they pass through very quickly at times with a rapid clearing trend to sunny and relatively calm weather and the temperature rising back to what it was before the shower. This often occurs in the space of minutes and can be repeated many times in a day, giving Melbourne a reputation for having \"four seasons in one day\", a phrase that is part of local popular culture and familiar to many visitors to the city. The lowest temperature on record is −2.8 °C (27.0 °F), on 21 July 1869. The highest temperature recorded in Melbourne city was 46.4 °C (115.5 °F), on 7 February 2009. While snow is occasionally seen at higher elevations in the outskirts of the city, it has not been recorded in the Central Business District since 1986.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Catherine Bernard", "paragraph_text": "Catherine Bernard (1662 – 16 September 1712) was a French poet, playwright, and novelist. She composed three historical novels, two verse tragedies, several poems, and was awarded several poetry prizes by the \"Académie française\". Bernard established the fundamental aesthetic principle of the French literary \"conte de fées\" popular in the \"salons\" of the late seventeenth century with the dictum: \"the [adventures] should always be implausible and the emotions always natural\". Her works are appreciated today for their psychological nuance.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Glenn Howerton", "paragraph_text": "Glenn Franklin Howerton III (born April 13, 1976) is an American actor, producer, and screenwriter. He is known for his role as Dennis Reynolds in It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia, for which he is also a writer and executive producer.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia (season 13)", "paragraph_text": "It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia (season 13) Promotional poster Country of origin United States No. of episodes 10 Release Original network FXX Original release September 5, 2018 (2018 - 09 - 05) -- present Season chronology ← Previous Season 12 List of It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia episodes", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "IEEE Centennial Medal", "paragraph_text": "The IEEE Centennial Medal was a medal minted and awarded in 1984 \"to persons deserving of special recognition for extraordinary achievement\" to celebrate the Centennial of the founding of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 1884. The medal was designed by sculptor Gladys Gunzer.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Royal Mint", "paragraph_text": "The Royal Mint is a government - owned mint that produces coins for the United Kingdom. Operating under the name Royal Mint Ltd, the mint is a limited company that is wholly owned by Her Majesty's Treasury and is under an exclusive contract to supply all the nation's coinage. As well as minting circulating coins for use domestically and internationally, the mint also produces planchets, commemorative coins, various types of medals and precious metal bullion. The mint exports to an average of 60 countries a year, making up 70% of its total sales. Formed over 1,100 years ago, the mint was historically part of a series of mints that became centralised to produce coins for the Kingdom of England, all of Great Britain and eventually most of the British Empire. The original London mint from which the Royal Mint is the successor, was established in 886 AD and operated within the Tower of London for approximately 800 years before moving to what is now called Royal Mint Court where it remained until the 1960s. As Britain followed the rest of the world in decimalising its currency, the Mint moved from London to a new 38 acres (15 ha) plant in Llantrisant, Wales where it has remained since.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia", "paragraph_text": "It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia is an American television sitcom that premiered on FX on August 4, 2005. It moved to FXX beginning with the ninth season and has remained there since. It was created by Rob McElhenney who developed it with Glenn Howerton. It is executive produced and primarily written by McElhenney, Howerton, and Charlie Day, all of whom star alongside Kaitlin Olson and Danny DeVito. The series follows the exploits of ``The Gang '', a group of debauched, self - centered friends who run the Irish bar Paddy's Pub in South Philadelphia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Gold medal", "paragraph_text": "Olympic Gold medals are required to be made from at least 92.5% silver, and must contain a minimum of 6 grams of gold. All Olympic medals must be at least 60mm in diameter and 3mm thick. Minting the medals is the responsibility of the Olympic host. From 1928 through 1968 the design was always the same: the obverse showed a generic design by Florentine artist Giuseppe Cassioli of Greek goddess Nike with Rome's Colloseum in the background and text naming the host city; the reverse showed another generic design of Nike saluting an Olympic champion.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Religion in Saudi Arabia", "paragraph_text": "The official form of Islam is Sunni of the Hanbali school, in its Salafi version. According to official statistics, 75–85% of Saudi Arabian citizens are Sunni Muslims, 10–15% are Shia. (More than 30% of the population is made up of foreign workers who are predominantly but not entirely Muslim.) It is unknown how many Ahmadis there are in the country. The two holiest cities of Islam, Mecca and Medina, are in Saudi Arabia. For many reasons, non-Muslims are not permitted to enter the holy cities although some Western non-Muslims have been able to enter, disguised as Muslims.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Everything Sunny All the Time Always", "paragraph_text": "\"Everything Sunny All the Time Always\" is the twenty-second episode of the fifth season of the American television comedy series \"30 Rock\", and the 102nd overall episode of the series. It was written by producer Kay Cannon and co-executive producer Matt Hubbard and directed by John Riggi. Guest stars include Condoleezza Rice, Margaret Cho, Elizabeth Banks, Adriane Lenox, and Thomas Roberts.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "David Hornsby", "paragraph_text": "David Hornsby (born December 1, 1975) is an American actor, screenwriter and producer. He is known for a recurring role as defrocked priest Matthew ``Rickety Cricket ''Mara on the comedy series It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia, for which he also writes and co-produces.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Dwight D. Eisenhower", "paragraph_text": "The development of the appreciation medals was initiated by the White House and executed by the Bureau of the Mint through the U.S. Mint in Philadelphia. The medals were struck from September 1958 through October 1960. A total of twenty designs are cataloged with a total mintage of 9,858. Each of the designs incorporates the text \"with appreciation\" or \"with personal and official gratitude\" accompanied with Eisenhower's initials \"D.D.E.\" or facsimile signature. The design also incorporates location, date, and/or significant event. Prior to the end of his second term as President, 1,451 medals were turned-in to the Bureau of the Mint and destroyed. The Eisenhower appreciation medals are part of the Presidential Medal of Appreciation Award Medal Series.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 12, "title": "It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia (season 12)", "paragraph_text": "The twelfth season of the American comedy television series It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia premiered on FXX on January 4, 2017. The season consists of 10 episodes and concluded on March 8, 2017.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Glenn Howerton", "paragraph_text": "Glenn Franklin Howerton III (born April 13, 1976) is an American actor, producer, and screenwriter. He is known for his roles as Dennis Reynolds in It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia, for which he is also a writer and executive producer, and Jack Griffin in A.P. Bio, as well as the lead role in the short - lived sitcom That '80s Show.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Victoria & Abdul", "paragraph_text": "Abdul Karim, a young prison clerk from Agra, India, is instructed to travel to England for Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee in 1887 to present her with a mohur, a gold coin which has been minted as a token of appreciation from British - ruled India.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Australian one-cent coin", "paragraph_text": "The first issue (1966) was produced by three mints: 146.5 million were minted at the Royal Australian Mint in Canberra, with 239 million at the Melbourne Mint and 26.6 million at the Perth Mint. With the exception of 1966 and 1981, all other one - cent coins have been produced at the Canberra mint. In 1981, 40.3 million were struck at the British Royal Mint in Llantrisant, Wales, as well as 183.6 million in Canberra. The only year when it was not minted during its years in general circulation was 1986. It was last minted in 1990.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia", "paragraph_text": "The series was renewed for a twelfth season that premiered on January 4, 2017. On April 1, 2017, the series was renewed for a thirteenth and fourteenth season, which will tie it with The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet as the longest running (number of seasons) live - action sitcom in American TV history.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 17, "title": "It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia (season 13)", "paragraph_text": "The thirteenth season of the American comedy television series It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia premiered on FXX on September 5, 2018.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "List of Oreo varieties", "paragraph_text": "Fudge Covered Oreo, White Fudge Oreo, Mint Fudge Oreo, and Milk Chocolate Oreo are covered in either a layer of fudge, white fudge, mint fudge, or milk chocolate respectively. The Mint Fudge variety is nearly identical to Mystic Mints, produced by Nabisco from the 1970s through the 1990s. In the US, the white fudge variety is marketed as seasonal and is only broadly available the Thanksgiving - Christmas holiday period.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia", "paragraph_text": "It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia is an American dark comedy television series that first premiered on FX on August 4, 2005 and has since moved to FXX beginning with the ninth season. It was created by Rob McElhenney who developed it with Glenn Howerton. It is executive produced and primarily written by McElhenney, Howerton, and Charlie Day, all of whom star alongside Kaitlin Olson and Danny DeVito. The series follows the exploits of ``The Gang '', a group of debauched, self - centered friends who run the Irish bar Paddy's Pub in South Philadelphia.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 38356, "question": "In what city were the appreciation medals minted?", "answer": "Philadelphia", "paragraph_support_idx": 11 }, { "id": 52243, "question": "how many seasons are in it's always sunny in #1", "answer": "fourteenth season", "paragraph_support_idx": 16 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Arthur Walker Richardson", "paragraph_text": "Arthur Walker Richardson (4 March 1907 – 29 July 1983) was an English cricketer who played first-class cricket for Derbyshire between 1928 and 1936. He captained the Derbyshire team between 1931 and 1936, concluding with Derbyshire's first victory in the County Championship.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Faik Pasha", "paragraph_text": "Faik Pasha (1876 – 30 August 1916), also known as Ahmed Faik or Sulejmani Faik from his Albanian origin (nicknamed \"Çolak\" Faik), was a general of the Ottoman Army, and the grandmaster of Freemasonry in the Ottoman Empire.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "French Revolution", "paragraph_text": "Freemasonry played an important role in the revolution. Originally largely apolitical, Freemasonry was radicalised in the late 18th century through the introduction of higher grades, which emphasised themes of liberty, equality, and fraternity. Virtually every major player in the Revolution was a Freemason and these themes became the widely recognised slogan of the revolution.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "George VI", "paragraph_text": "George VI (Albert Frederick Arthur George; 14 December 1895 -- 6 February 1952) was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Commonwealth from 11 December 1936 until his death in 1952. He was the last Emperor of India and the first Head of the Commonwealth.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Hellenistic period", "paragraph_text": "The Odrysian Kingdom was a union of Thracian tribes under the kings of the powerful Odrysian tribe centered around the region of Thrace. Various parts of Thrace were under Macedonian rule under Philip II of Macedon, Alexander the Great, Lysimachus, Ptolemy II, and Philip V but were also often ruled by their own kings. The Thracians and Agrianes were widely used by Alexander as peltasts and light cavalry, forming about one fifth of his army. The Diadochi also used Thracian mercenaries in their armies and they were also used as colonists. The Odrysians used Greek as the language of administration and of the nobility. The nobility also adopted Greek fashions in dress, ornament and military equipment, spreading it to the other tribes. Thracian kings were among the first to be Hellenized.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Taxil hoax", "paragraph_text": "The Taxil hoax was an 1890s hoax of exposure by Léo Taxil intended to mock not only Freemasonry but also the Catholic Church's opposition to it.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Freemasonry", "paragraph_text": "Freemasonry consists of fraternal organisations that trace their origins to the local fraternities of stonemasons, which from the end of the fourteenth century regulated the qualifications of stonemasons and their interaction with authorities and clients. The degrees of freemasonry retain the three grades of medieval craft guilds, those of Apprentice, Journeyman or fellow (now called Fellowcraft), and Master Mason. These are the degrees offered by Craft (or Blue Lodge) Freemasonry. Members of these organisations are known as Freemasons or Masons. There are additional degrees, which vary with locality and jurisdiction, and are usually administered by different bodies than the craft degrees.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Freemasonry", "paragraph_text": "At the dawn of the Grand Lodge era, during the 1720s, James Anderson composed the first printed constitutions for Freemasons, the basis for most subsequent constitutions, which specifically excluded women from Freemasonry. As Freemasonry spread, continental masons began to include their ladies in Lodges of Adoption, which worked three degrees with the same names as the men's but different content. The French officially abandoned the experiment in the early 19th century. Later organisations with a similar aim emerged in the United States, but distinguished the names of the degrees from those of male masonry.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Edward VIII", "paragraph_text": "Edward VIII (Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David; 23 June 1894 -- 28 May 1972) was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Empire, and Emperor of India, from 20 January 1936 until his abdication on 11 December the same year.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Freemasonry", "paragraph_text": "The bulk of Masonic ritual consists of degree ceremonies. Candidates for Freemasonry are progressively initiated into Freemasonry, first in the degree of Entered Apprentice. Some time later, in a separate ceremony, they will be passed to the degree of Fellowcraft, and finally they will be raised to the degree of Master Mason. In all of these ceremonies, the candidate is entrusted with passwords, signs and grips peculiar to his new rank. Another ceremony is the annual installation of the Master and officers of the Lodge. In some jurisdictions Installed Master is valued as a separate rank, with its own secrets to distinguish its members. In other jurisdictions, the grade is not recognised, and no inner ceremony conveys new secrets during the installation of a new Master of the Lodge.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Freemasonry", "paragraph_text": "Many Islamic anti-Masonic arguments are closely tied to both antisemitism and Anti-Zionism, though other criticisms are made such as linking Freemasonry to al-Masih ad-Dajjal (the false Messiah). Some Muslim anti-Masons argue that Freemasonry promotes the interests of the Jews around the world and that one of its aims is to destroy the Al-Aqsa Mosque in order to rebuild the Temple of Solomon in Jerusalem. In article 28 of its Covenant, Hamas states that Freemasonry, Rotary, and other similar groups \"work in the interest of Zionism and according to its instructions ...\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "King of the Pecos", "paragraph_text": "King of the Pecos is a 1936 American Western film directed by Joseph Kane and starring John Wayne and Muriel Evans.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Michael J. Cullen", "paragraph_text": "Michael J. Cullen (1884–1936) was an American entrepreneur and salesman of Irish descent, perhaps best known as the founder of the King Kullen grocery store chain, widely considered to be the first supermarket founded in America. He is recognized by the Smithsonian Institution as the inventor of the modern supermarket.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Freemasonry", "paragraph_text": "In 1799, English Freemasonry almost came to a halt due to Parliamentary proclamation. In the wake of the French Revolution, the Unlawful Societies Act 1799 banned any meetings of groups that required their members to take an oath or obligation. The Grand Masters of both the Moderns and the Antients Grand Lodges called on Prime Minister William Pitt (who was not a Freemason) and explained to him that Freemasonry was a supporter of the law and lawfully constituted authority and was much involved in charitable work. As a result, Freemasonry was specifically exempted from the terms of the Act, provided that each private lodge's Secretary placed with the local \"Clerk of the Peace\" a list of the members of his lodge once a year. This continued until 1967 when the obligation of the provision was rescinded by Parliament.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Freemasonry", "paragraph_text": "In 1933, the Orthodox Church of Greece officially declared that being a Freemason constitutes an act of apostasy and thus, until he repents, the person involved with Freemasonry cannot partake of the Eucharist. This has been generally affirmed throughout the whole Eastern Orthodox Church. The Orthodox critique of Freemasonry agrees with both the Roman Catholic and Protestant versions: \"Freemasonry cannot be at all compatible with Christianity as far as it is a secret organisation, acting and teaching in mystery and secret and deifying rationalism.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Freemasonry", "paragraph_text": "In contrast to Catholic allegations of rationalism and naturalism, Protestant objections are more likely to be based on allegations of mysticism, occultism, and even Satanism. Masonic scholar Albert Pike is often quoted (in some cases misquoted) by Protestant anti-Masons as an authority for the position of Masonry on these issues. However, Pike, although undoubtedly learned, was not a spokesman for Freemasonry and was also controversial among Freemasons in general. His writings represented his personal opinion only, and furthermore an opinion grounded in the attitudes and understandings of late 19th century Southern Freemasonry of the USA. Notably, his book carries in the preface a form of disclaimer from his own Grand Lodge. No one voice has ever spoken for the whole of Freemasonry.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Age of Enlightenment", "paragraph_text": "Historians have long debated the extent to which the secret network of Freemasonry was a main factor in the Enlightenment. The leaders of the Enlightenment included Freemasons such as Diderot, Montesquieu, Voltaire, Pope, Horace Walpole, Sir Robert Walpole, Mozart, Goethe, Frederick the Great, Benjamin Franklin, and George Washington. Norman Davies said that Freemasonry was a powerful force on behalf of Liberalism in Europe, from about 1700 to the twentieth century. It expanded rapidly during the Age of Enlightenment, reaching practically every country in Europe. It was especially attractive to powerful aristocrats and politicians as well as intellectuals, artists and political activists.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "George VI", "paragraph_text": "George VI (Albert Frederick Arthur George; 14 December 1895 -- 6 February 1952) was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Commonwealth from 11 December 1936 until his death. He was the last Emperor of India and the first Head of the Commonwealth.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Age of Enlightenment", "paragraph_text": "The major opponent of Freemasonry was the Roman Catholic Church, so that in countries with a large Catholic element, such as France, Italy, Spain, and Mexico, much of the ferocity of the political battles involve the confrontation between what Davies calls the reactionary Church and enlightened Freemasonry. Even in France, Masons did not act as a group. American historians, while noting that Benjamin Franklin and George Washington were indeed active Masons, have downplayed the importance of Freemasonry in causing the American Revolution because the Masonic order was non-political and included both Patriots and their enemy the Loyalists.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Freemasonry", "paragraph_text": "The denomination with the longest history of objection to Freemasonry is the Roman Catholic Church. The objections raised by the Roman Catholic Church are based on the allegation that Masonry teaches a naturalistic deistic religion which is in conflict with Church doctrine. A number of Papal pronouncements have been issued against Freemasonry. The first was Pope Clement XII's In eminenti apostolatus, 28 April 1738; the most recent was Pope Leo XIII's Ab apostolici, 15 October 1890. The 1917 Code of Canon Law explicitly declared that joining Freemasonry entailed automatic excommunication, and banned books favouring Freemasonry.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 15733, "question": "Where did Freemasonry first spread?", "answer": "England", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 89478, "question": "who was the king of #1 in 1936", "answer": "Edward VIII", "paragraph_support_idx": 8 } ]

[ "Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Tajikistan", "paragraph_text": "The earliest recorded history of the region dates back to about 500 BCE when much, if not all, of modern Tajikistan was part of the Achaemenid Empire. Some authors have also suggested that in the 7th and 6th century BCE parts of modern Tajikistan, including territories in the Zeravshan valley, formed part of Kambojas before it became part of the Achaemenid Empire. After the region's conquest by Alexander the Great it became part of the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom, a successor state of Alexander's empire. Northern Tajikistan (the cities of Khujand and Panjakent) was part of Sogdia, a collection of city-states which was overrun by Scythians and Yuezhi nomadic tribes around 150 BCE. The Silk Road passed through the region and following the expedition of Chinese explorer Zhang Qian during the reign of Wudi (141–87 BCE) commercial relations between Han China and Sogdiana flourished. Sogdians played a major role in facilitating trade and also worked in other capacities, as farmers, carpetweavers, glassmakers, and woodcarvers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Antarctic Plate", "paragraph_text": "The Antarctic Plate is a tectonic plate containing the continent of Antarctica, the Kerguelen Plateau and extending outward under the surrounding oceans. After breakup from Gondwana (the southern part of the supercontinent Pangea), the Antarctic plate began moving the continent of Antarctica south to its present isolated location causing the continent to develop a much colder climate. The Antarctic Plate is bounded almost entirely by extensional mid-ocean ridge systems. The adjoining plates are the Nazca Plate, the South American Plate, the African Plate, the Somali Plate, the Indo-Australian Plate, the Pacific Plate, and, across a transform boundary, the Scotia Plate.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Armenia", "paragraph_text": "In the next centuries, Armenia was in the Persian Empire's sphere of influence during the reign of Tiridates I, the founder of the Arsacid dynasty of Armenia, which itself was a branch of the eponymous Arsacid dynasty of Parthia. Throughout its history, the kingdom of Armenia enjoyed both periods of independence and periods of autonomy subject to contemporary empires. Its strategic location between two continents has subjected it to invasions by many peoples, including the Assyrians (under Ashurbanipal, at around 669–627 BC, the boundaries of the Assyrian Empire reached as far as Armenia & the Caucasus Mountains), Medes, Achaemenid Persians, Greeks, Parthians, Romans, Sassanid Persians, Byzantines, Arabs, Seljuks, Mongols, Ottomans, successive Iranian Safavids, Afsharids, and Qajars, and the Russians.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Iran", "paragraph_text": "Iran is home to one of the world's oldest civilizations, beginning with the formation of the Proto-Elamite and Elamite kingdoms in 3200–2800 BC. The Iranian Medes unified the area into the first of many empires in 625 BC, after which it became the dominant cultural and political power in the region. Iran reached the pinnacle of its power during the Achaemenid Empire founded by Cyrus the Great in 550 BC, which at its greatest extent comprised major portions of the ancient world, stretching from parts of the Balkans (Thrace-Macedonia, Bulgaria-Paeonia) and Eastern Europe proper in the west, to the Indus Valley in the east, making it the largest empire the world had yet seen. The empire collapsed in 330 BC following the conquests of Alexander the Great. The Parthian Empire emerged from the ashes and was succeeded by the Sassanid Dynasty in 224 AD, under which Iran again became one of the leading powers in the world, along with the Roman-Byzantine Empire, for a period of more than four centuries.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Australia (continent)", "paragraph_text": "New Zealand is not part of the continent of Australia, but of the separate, submerged continent of Zealandia. New Zealand and Australia are both part of the Oceanian sub-region known as Australasia, with New Guinea being in Melanesia. The term Oceania is often used to denote the region encompassing the Australian continent and various islands in the Pacific Ocean that are not included in the seven - continent model.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Punjab, Pakistan", "paragraph_text": "Punjab during Mahabharata times was known as Panchanada. Punjab was part of the Indus Valley Civilization, more than 4000 years ago. The main site in Punjab was the city of Harrapa. The Indus Valley Civilization spanned much of what is today Pakistan and eventually evolved into the Indo-Aryan civilisation. The Vedic civilisation flourished along the length of the Indus River. This civilisation shaped subsequent cultures in South Asia and Afghanistan. Although the archaeological site at Harappa was partially damaged in 1857 when engineers constructing the Lahore-Multan railroad used brick from the Harappa ruins for track ballast, an abundance of artefacts have nevertheless been found. Punjab was part of the great ancient empires including the Gandhara Mahajanapadas, Achaemenids, Macedonians, Mauryas, Kushans, Guptas, and Hindu Shahi. It also comprised the Gujar empire for a period of time, otherwise known as the Gurjara-Pratihara empire. Agriculture flourished and trading cities (such as Multan and Lahore) grew in wealth.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Armenia", "paragraph_text": "During the late 6th century BC, the first geographical entity that was called Armenia by neighboring populations was established under the Orontid Dynasty within the Achaemenid Empire, as part of the latters' territories. The kingdom became fully sovereign from the sphere of influence of the Seleucid Empire in 190 BC under King Artaxias I and begun the rule of the Artaxiad dynasty. Armenia reached its height between 95 and 66 BC under Tigranes the Great, becoming the most powerful kingdom of its time east of the Roman Republic.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Iran", "paragraph_text": "At its greatest extent, the Achaemenid Empire included the modern territories of Iran, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, Turkey, much of the Black Sea coastal regions, northeastern Greece and southern Bulgaria (Thrace), northern Greece and Macedonia (Paeonia and Ancient Macedon), Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel, Palestine, all significant ancient population centers of ancient Egypt as far west as Libya, Kuwait, northern Saudi Arabia, parts of the UAE and Oman, Pakistan, Afghanistan, and much of Central Asia, making it the first world government and the largest empire the world had yet seen.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Iran", "paragraph_text": "Shiraz, with a population of around 1.4 million (2011 census), is the sixth major city of Iran. It is the capital of Fars Province, and was also a former capital of Iran. The area was greatly influenced by the Babylonian civilization, and after the emergence of the ancient Persians, soon came to be known as Persis. Persians were present in the region since the 9th century BC, and became rulers of a large empire under the reign of the Achaemenid Dynasty in the 6th century BC. The ruins of Persepolis and Pasargadae, two of the four capitals of the Achaemenid Empire, are located around the modern-day city of Shiraz.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Shimla", "paragraph_text": "Shimla is home to a number of buildings that are styled in the Tudorbethan and neo-Gothic architectures dating from the colonial era, as well as multiple temples and churches. The colonial architecture and churches, the temples and the natural environment of the city attracts tourists. Attractions include the Viceroy Lodge, the Christ Church, the Jakhoo Temple, the Mall Road and the Ridge, which together form the city centre. The Kalka–Shimla Railway line built by the British, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is also a major tourist attraction. Owing to its steep terrain, Shimla hosts the mountain biking race MTB Himalaya, which started in 2005 and is regarded as the biggest event of its kind in South Asia. Shimla also has the largest natural ice skating rink in South Asia. Apart from being a tourism centre, the city is also an educational hub with a number of colleges and research institutions.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Iran", "paragraph_text": "In 334 BC, Alexander the Great invaded the Achaemenid Empire, defeating the last Achaemenid emperor, Darius III, at the Battle of Issus. Following the premature death of Alexander, Iran came under the control of the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire. In the middle of the 2nd century BC, the Parthian Empire rose to become the main power in Iran, and the century-long geopolitical arch-rivalry between Romans and Parthians began, culminating in the Roman–Parthian Wars. The Parthian Empire continued as a feudal monarchy for nearly five centuries, until 224 CE, when it was succeeded by the Sassanid Empire. Together with their neighboring arch-rival, the Roman-Byzantines, they made up the world's two most dominant powers at the time, for over four centuries.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "History of Brazil", "paragraph_text": "The first European to colonize what is now the Federative Republic of Brazil on the continent of South America was Pedro Álvares Cabral (c. 1467 / 1468 - c. 1520) on April 22, 1500 under the sponsorship of the Kingdom of Portugal. From the 16th to the early 19th century, Brazil was a colony and a part of the Portuguese Empire. The country expanded south along the coast and west along the Amazon and other inland rivers from the original 15 donatary captaincy colonies established on the northeast Atlantic coast east of the Tordesillas Line of 1494 (approximately the 46th meridian west) that divided the Portuguese domain to the east from the Spanish domain to the west. The country's borders were only finalized in the early 20th century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "History of India", "paragraph_text": "In 530 BC Cyrus the Great, King of the Persian Achaemenid Empire crossed the Hindu-Kush mountains to seek tribute from the tribes of Kamboja, Gandhara and the trans-India region (modern Afghanistan and Pakistan). By 520 BC, during the reign of Darius I of Persia, much of the northwestern subcontinent (present-day eastern Afghanistan and Pakistan) came under the rule of the Persian Achaemenid Empire, as part of the far easternmost territories. The area remained under Persian control for two centuries. During this time India supplied mercenaries to the Persian army then fighting in Greece.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Jews", "paragraph_text": "Israelites enjoyed political independence twice in ancient history, first during the periods of the Biblical judges followed by the United Monarchy.[disputed – discuss] After the fall of the United Monarchy the land was divided into Israel and Judah. The term Jew originated from the Roman \"Judean\" and denoted someone from the southern kingdom of Judah. The shift of ethnonym from \"Israelites\" to \"Jews\" (inhabitant of Judah), although not contained in the Torah, is made explicit in the Book of Esther (4th century BCE), a book in the Ketuvim, the third section of the Jewish Tanakh. In 587 BC Nebuchadnezzar II, King of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, besieged Jerusalem, destroyed the First Temple, and deported the most prominent citizens of Judah. In 586 BC, Judah itself ceased to be an independent kingdom, and its remaining Jews were left stateless. The Babylonian exile ended in 539 BCE when the Achaemenid Empire conquered Babylon and Cyrus the Great allowed the exiled Jews to return to Yehud and rebuild their Temple. The Second Temple was completed in 515 BCE. Yehud province was a peaceful part of the Achaemenid Empire until the fall of the Empire in c. 333 BCE to Alexander the Great. Jews were also politically independent during the Hasmonean dynasty spanning from 140 to 37 BCE and to some degree under the Herodian dynasty from 37 BCE to 6 CE. Since the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE, most Jews have lived in diaspora. As an ethnic minority in every country in which they live (except Israel), they have frequently experienced persecution throughout history, resulting in a population that has fluctuated both in numbers and distribution over the centuries.[citation needed]", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Parthian Empire", "paragraph_text": "The Parthians largely adopted the art, architecture, religious beliefs, and royal insignia of their culturally heterogeneous empire, which encompassed Persian, Hellenistic, and regional cultures. For about the first half of its existence, the Arsacid court adopted elements of Greek culture, though it eventually saw a gradual revival of Iranian traditions. The Arsacid rulers were titled the \"King of Kings\", as a claim to be the heirs to the Achaemenid Empire; indeed, they accepted many local kings as vassals where the Achaemenids would have had centrally appointed, albeit largely autonomous, satraps. The court did appoint a small number of satraps, largely outside Iran, but these satrapies were smaller and less powerful than the Achaemenid potentates. With the expansion of Arsacid power, the seat of central government shifted from Nisa to Ctesiphon along the Tigris (south of modern Baghdad, Iraq), although several other sites also served as capitals.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Iran", "paragraph_text": "In 550 BC, Cyrus the Great, son of Mandane and Cambyses I, took over the Median Empire, and founded the Achaemenid Empire by unifying other city states. The conquest of Media was a result of what is called the Persian Revolt. The brouhaha was initially triggered by the actions of the Median ruler Astyages, and was quickly spread to other provinces, as they allied with the Persians. Later conquests under Cyrus and his successors expanded the empire to include Lydia, Babylon, Egypt, parts of the Balkans and Eastern Europe proper, as well as the lands to the west of the Indus and Oxus rivers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Portugal", "paragraph_text": "After defeating the Visigoths in only a few months, the Umayyad Caliphate started expanding rapidly in the peninsula. Beginning in 711, the land that is now Portugal became part of the vast Umayyad Caliphate's empire of Damascus, which stretched from the Indus river in the Indian sub-continent (now Pakistan) up to the South of France, until its collapse in 750. That year the west of the empire gained its independence under Abd-ar-Rahman I with the establishment of the Emirate of Córdoba. After almost two centuries, the Emirate became the Caliphate of Córdoba in 929, until its dissolution a century later in 1031 into no less than 23 small kingdoms, called Taifa kingdoms.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Armenians", "paragraph_text": "The first geographical entity that was called Armenia by neighboring peoples (such as by Hecataeus of Miletus and on the Achaemenid Behistun Inscription) was established in the late 6th century BC under the Orontid dynasty within the Achaemenid Persian Empire as part of the latters' territories, and which later became a kingdom. At its zenith (95–65 BC), the state extended from the Caucasus all the way to what is now central Turkey, Lebanon, and northern Iran. The imperial reign of Tigranes the Great is thus the span of time during which Armenia itself conquered areas populated by other peoples.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "History of Iran", "paragraph_text": "The Persian Empire (Persian: شاهنشاهی ایران ‎, translit. Šâhanšâhiye Irân, lit. 'Imperial Iran') refers to any of a series of imperial dynasties that were centred in Persia / Iran from the 6th - century - BC Achaemenid Empire era to the 20th century AD in the Qajar dynasty era.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Hellenistic period", "paragraph_text": "Philip II was a strong and expansionist king and he took every opportunity to expand Macedonian territory. In 352 BC he annexed Thessaly and Magnesia. In 338 BC, Philip defeated a combined Theban and Athenian army at the Battle of Chaeronea after a decade of desultory conflict. In the aftermath, Philip formed the League of Corinth, effectively bringing the majority of Greece under his direct sway. He was elected Hegemon of the league, and a campaign against the Achaemenid Empire of Persia was planned. However, while this campaign was in its early stages, he was assassinated.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 100616, "question": "What continent contains Shimla?", "answer": "Asia", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 }, { "id": 35202, "question": "The Achaemenid Empire expanded into what part of #1 ?", "answer": "Central Asia", "paragraph_support_idx": 7 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Philip Marlowe", "paragraph_text": "Philip Marlowe () is a fictional character created by Raymond Chandler. Marlowe first appeared under that name in \"The Big Sleep\", published in 1939. Chandler's early short stories, published in pulp magazines like \"Black Mask\" and \"Dime Detective\", featured similar characters with names like \"Carmady\" and \"John Dalmas\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "The Great Detective", "paragraph_text": "\"The Great Detective\" was inspired by the exploits of John Wilson Murray, Canada's first government-appointed detective, set in the latter part of the Victorian era. The leading character, Inspector Alistair Cameron, was a fictional counterpart of Murray. Inspector Cameron was ably assisted by his friend, forensic scientist Dr. Chisholm. A taped series, \"The Great Detective\" was produced on location at Rockwood, Kleinburg and Shadow Lake in Ontario, as well as Victoria, areas of downtown Toronto and CBC's television Studio 7.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Presbyterianism", "paragraph_text": "The Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) has adopted the Book of Confessions, which reflects the inclusion of other Reformed confessions in addition to the Westminster Standards. These other documents include ancient creedal statements (the Nicene Creed, the Apostles' Creed), 16th-century Reformed confessions (the Scots Confession, the Heidelberg Catechism, the Second Helvetic Confession), and 20th century documents (The Theological Declaration of Barmen, Confession of 1967 and A Brief Statement of Faith).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Maigret Sets a Trap", "paragraph_text": "Maigret Sets a Trap (French: Maigret tend un piège) is a 1955 detective novel by the Belgian novelist Georges Simenon featuring his fictional character Jules Maigret.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Jean DeWolff", "paragraph_text": "Jean DeWolff is a fictional police detective appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. She functions as a supporting character in particular titles featuring Spider-Man.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Second Verdict", "paragraph_text": "Second Verdict is a six-part BBC television series from 1976, of dramatised documentaries in which classic criminal cases and unsolved crimes from history were re-appraised by fictional police officers. In \"Second Verdict\", Stratford Johns and Frank Windsor reprised for a final time their double-act as Detective Chief Superintendents Barlow and Watt, hugely popular with TV audiences from the long-running series \"Z-Cars\", \"Softly, Softly\" and \"Barlow at Large\". \"Second Verdict\" built on the formula of their 1973 series \"Jack the Ripper\" in which dramatised documentary was drawn together with a discussion between the two police officers which formed the narrative. \"Second Verdict\" also allowed for some location filming and, when the case being re-appraised was within living memory, interviews with real witnesses.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Axel Foley", "paragraph_text": "Detective Axel Foley is a fictional character, portrayed by Eddie Murphy, and is the protagonist of the \"Beverly Hills Cop\" film series. He is ranked 55 on \"Empire\" magazine's list of \"The 100 Greatest Movie Characters of All Time\". Sylvester Stallone was originally intended to be cast as Axel Foley.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Kevin Bernard", "paragraph_text": "Kevin Bernard is a fictional character on the TV crime drama \"Law & Order\", portrayed by Anthony Anderson. Bernard appears in his position as junior detective for part of the eighteenth season, as well as all of the nineteenth and twentieth seasons of the show.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Monique Jeffries", "paragraph_text": "Detective Monique Jeffries is a fictional character played by Michelle Hurd in the American crime drama television series \"\" on NBC. A regular character during the first season, Jeffries is a tough and street-wise detective with the New York City Police Department's Special Victims Unit, and briefly the partner of John Munch (Richard Belzer). After being traumatized by a near-death experience, Jeffries is relieved of active duty when she admits to having sex with a suspect in a previous rape case.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Poets and Murder", "paragraph_text": "Poets and Murder is a \"gong'an\" detective novel written by Robert van Gulik and set in Imperial China (roughly speaking the Tang Dynasty). It is a fiction based on the real character of Judge Dee (Ti Jen-chieh or Di Renjie), a magistrate and statesman of the Tang court, who lived roughly 630–700.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "The Chinese Nail Murders", "paragraph_text": "The Chinese Nail Murders is a \"gong'an\" detective novel written by Robert van Gulik and set in Imperial China (roughly speaking the Tang Dynasty). It is a fiction based on the real character of Judge Dee (Ti Jen-chieh or Di Renjie), a magistrate and statesman of the Tang court, who lived roughly 630–700 BC.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Perry Mason", "paragraph_text": "Perry Mason is an American fictional character, a criminal defense lawyer who is the main character in works of detective fiction written by Erle Stanley Gardner. Perry Mason is featured in more than 80 novels and short stories, most of which involve a client's murder trial. Typically, Mason establishes his client's innocence (rather than a verdict of 'not guilty') by implicating another character, who then confesses.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Na'Toth", "paragraph_text": "Na'Toth is a fictional character in the universe of the science fiction television series \"Babylon 5\". Na'Toth is the aide to Narn Ambassador G'Kar, one of the main characters of the series. She appears mainly in the first and second seasons, with a final appearance in the fifth season.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "C. Auguste Dupin", "paragraph_text": "C. Auguste Dupin is generally acknowledged as the first detective in fiction. The character served as the prototype for many that were created later, including Sherlock Holmes by Arthur Conan Doyle and Hercule Poirot by Agatha Christie. Conan Doyle once wrote, \"Each [of Poe's detective stories] is a root from which a whole literature has developed... Where was the detective story until Poe breathed the breath of life into it?\"Many tropes that would later become commonplace in detective fiction first appeared in Poe's stories: the eccentric but brilliant detective, the bumbling constabulary, the first-person narration by a close personal friend. Dupin also initiates the storytelling device where the detective announces his solution and then explains the reasoning leading up to it. Like Sherlock Holmes, Dupin uses his considerable deductive prowess and observation to solve crimes. Poe also portrays the police in an unsympathetic manner as a sort of foil to the detective.The character helped established the genre of detective fiction, distinct from mystery fiction, with an emphasis on the analysis and not trial-and-error. Brander Matthews wrote: \"The true detective story as Poe conceived it is not in the mystery itself, but rather in the successive steps whereby the analytic observer is enabled to solve the problem that might be dismissed as beyond human elucidation.\" In fact, in the three stories which star Dupin, Poe created three types of detective fiction which established a model for all future stories: the physical type (\"The Murders in the Rue Morgue\"), the mental (\"The Mystery of Marie Rogêt\"), and a balanced version of both (\"The Purloined Letter\").Fyodor Dostoevsky called Poe \"an enormously talented writer\" and favorably reviewed Poe's detective stories. The character Porfiry Petrovich in Dostoevsky's novel Crime and Punishment was influenced by Dupin.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Arthur Conan Doyle", "paragraph_text": "Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle, KStJ, DL (22 May 1859 -- 7 July 1930) was a British writer best known for his detective fiction featuring the character Sherlock Holmes. Originally a physician, in 1887 he published A Study in Scarlet, the first of four novels about Holmes and Dr. Watson. In addition, Doyle wrote over fifty short stories featuring the famous detective. The Sherlock Holmes stories are generally considered milestones in the field of crime fiction.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "The Dead and the Gone", "paragraph_text": "The Dead and the Gone is a young adult science fiction dystopian novel by Susan Beth Pfeffer. Released in hardcover in May 2008, it is the second book in The Last Survivors, following \"Life as We Knew It\" and preceding \"This World We Live In\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Hard Freeze", "paragraph_text": "Hard Freeze is a 2002 novel by American writer Dan Simmons. It is the second of three hardboiled detective novels featuring the character of Joe Kurtz.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Blade II", "paragraph_text": "Blade II is a 2002 American superhero film based on the fictional character Blade from Marvel Comics. It is the sequel of the first film and the second part of the \"Blade\" film series, followed by \"\". It was written by David S. Goyer, who also wrote the previous film, directed by Guillermo del Toro, and had Wesley Snipes returning as the lead character and producer.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Jeffrey King", "paragraph_text": "Jeffrey King is a fictional character from the soap opera \"One Life to Live\". The character was introduced in 2013, and the role was originated by Disney and Broadway star Corbin Bleu.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Manabu Yukawa", "paragraph_text": "Manabu Yukawa is a fictional character from Keigo Higashino's \"Galileo\" series, very popular in Japan. Yukawa is a genius but eccentric physicist. He is often approached by his old schoolmate, who is currently a detective, to solve seemingly supernatural and impossible cases.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 96453, "question": "The The Second Confession has what character?", "answer": "Nero Wolfe", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 11085, "question": "In what part of the world did the fictional detective, #1 , live in?", "answer": "New York", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Willeke Alberti", "paragraph_text": "Willeke Alberti (3 February 1945, Amsterdam, Netherlands) (real name: Willy Albertina Verbrugge) is a Dutch singer and actress, the daughter of entertainer and singer Willy Alberti (1926-1985) and Hendrika Geertruida Kuiper (1921–2011).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Plaza Galerias Pachuca", "paragraph_text": "Plaza Galerias Pachuca is a two-story shopping mall in the city of Pachuca, capital of the state of Hidalgo, Mexico.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Rafael Herrera", "paragraph_text": "Rafael Herrera (born January 7, 1945, in Huáscato, Jalisco) is a former boxer from Mexico. He has won the Lineal championship in the Bantamweight division. Born into a large working-class family, Herrera originally wanted to be a priest. In 1971 he married Leticia longtime wife with whom he had two daughters.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Giuseppe Alberti", "paragraph_text": "Giuseppe Alberti (3 October 1664 – 3 February 1716) was an Italian painter of the Baroque period. He was born at Cavalese, in what was then Austrian Tyrol. After having studied medicine at Padua he decided to become a painter and architect. He worked under Pietro Liberi in Venice, then in Rome, and finally settled at Trieste. Alberti died at Cavalese.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Hrazdan Gorge Aqueduct", "paragraph_text": "Hrazdan Gorge Aqueduct () is an aqueduct bridge across the Hrazdan River in the Armenian capital of Yerevan. It was designed by architect Rafael Israelyan and completed in 1949-1950. It was built with grey-coloured basalt stones. The aqueduct has a length of 100 metres and a width of 5 metres.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Kingdom of Kaffa", "paragraph_text": "The Kingdom of Kaffa (c. 1390–1897) was an early modern state located in what is now Ethiopia, with its first capital at Bonga. The Gojeb River formed its northern border, beyond which lay the Gibe kingdoms; to the east the territory of the Konta and Kullo peoples lay between Kaffa and the Omo River; to the south numerous subgroups of the Gimira people, and to the west lay the Majangir people. The native language, also known as Kaffa, is one of the Omotic group of languages.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Rafael Cabral", "paragraph_text": "Rafael Cabral Barbosa (born 20 May 1990), known as Rafael Cabral or simply Rafael, is a Brazilian footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Sampdoria.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Rafael Garza Gutiérrez", "paragraph_text": "Rafael Garza Gutiérrez, nicknamed \"Récord\" (13 December 1896 in Mexico City– 3 July 1974), was a Mexican footballer and coach. He, along with other members of the Garza family, are recognized as the founders of Club América. He was a defender for that club as well as the Selección de fútbol de México (Mexico national team). Upon retiring, he took the reins of his beloved club as an executive and later served as the national team manager on four separate occasions.. He is an Olympian.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Rafael Overhead Weapon Station", "paragraph_text": "The Rafael Overhead Weapon Station is a remote weapon station developed by Rafael Advanced Defense Systems in cooperation with the Israel Defense Forces. It has been superseded by the Rafael Samson Remote Controlled Weapon Station (RCWS). However, the larger Rafael OWS-25 and OWS-25R models are still in production.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Fort Wingate", "paragraph_text": "Fort Wingate is near Gallup, New Mexico. There were two other locations in New Mexico which were called Fort Wingate: Seboyeta, New Mexico (1849-1862) and San Rafael, New Mexico (1862-1868). The most recent Fort Wingate (1868-1993) was established at the former site of Fort Lyon, on Navajo territory, initially to control and \"protect\" the large Navajo tribe to its north. The Fort at San Rafael was the staging point for the Navajo deportation known as the Navajo's Long Walk. From 1870 onward the garrison near Gallup was concerned with Apaches to the south, and through 1890 hundreds of Navajo Scouts were enlisted at the fort.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "San Rafael, Chile", "paragraph_text": "San Rafael is a town and commune of the Talca Province in the Maule Region of Chile. The town serves as the communal capital.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Pafnucio Santo", "paragraph_text": "Pafnucio Santo is a 1977 Mexican drama film directed by Rafael Corkidi. The film was selected as the Mexican entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 50th Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Ottorino Pietro Alberti", "paragraph_text": "Ottorino Pietro Alberti (17 December 1927 – 17 July 2012) was an Italian Roman Catholic archbishop who served as Archbishop of Cagliari from 1987 to 2003.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "José Alfredo Peñaloza", "paragraph_text": "José Alfredo Peñaloza Soto (born March 29, 1974 in Mexico City, Mexico) is one of five Mexican football referees who have been born and raised in the capital of the Mexican republic. He has been a football professional referee since 2001.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Irina Ilovaiskaya", "paragraph_text": "Irina Alekseevna Ilovaiskaya-Alberti () (born 5 December 1924, Belgrade, Kingdom of Serbia - died 4 April 2000, Königstein im Taunus, Germany) was a Russian journalist and campaigner against communism who edited La Pensée Russe, a Russian-language weekly newspaper published in Paris. She was born into a family who had left Russia for Serbia during the revolution. As a student at a Russian religious school under Metropolitan Anastasius, she spent years studying religion and maintaining the altar. Ilovaiskaya-Alberti's spiritual father in those years was the prominent Orthodox theologian priest Georgy Florovsky. With his blessing, she married the Italian diplomat Edgardo Georgie Alberti. She moved back to Russia in 1991.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Palacio de Gobierno (Nuevo León)", "paragraph_text": "The Palacio de Gobierno, or the Government Palace of Nuevo León, is a state government building in Monterrey, the capital city of Nuevo León state, in northern Mexico.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Rafael Márquez Lugo", "paragraph_text": "Rafael Márquez Lugo (born November 2, 1981 in Mexico City, Mexico) is a retired football forward and current analyst for Fox Sports Mexico. He is known as Márquez Lugo in order to differentiate from another football player, Rafael Márquez Álvarez.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Giuseppe Matteo Alberti", "paragraph_text": "Giuseppe Matteo Alberti (or Giuseppi) (20 September 1685, in Bologna, Italy – 18 February 1751, in Bologna, Italy) was an Italian Baroque composer and violinist.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "C.D. Maracaná San Rafael", "paragraph_text": "Club Deportivo Maracaná San Rafael is a Salvadoran professional football club based in San Rafael Obrajuelo, La Paz, El Salvador.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Guadalupe Municipality, Chihuahua", "paragraph_text": "Guadalupe is one of the 67 municipalities of Chihuahua, in northern Mexico. The capital lies at Guadalupe. The municipality covers an area of 6,200.5 km².", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 137703, "question": "What is the language of Rafael Alberti?", "answer": "Spanish", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 68782, "question": "what's the capital of mexico in #1", "answer": "Ciudad de México", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[ "Mexico City" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "London Bridge (Lake Havasu City)", "paragraph_text": "London Bridge is a bridge in Lake Havasu City, Arizona. It was built in the 1830s and formerly spanned the River Thames in London, England. It was dismantled in 1967 and relocated to Arizona. The Arizona bridge is a reinforced concrete structure clad in the original masonry of the 1830s bridge, which was purchased by Robert P. McCulloch from the City of London. McCulloch had exterior granite blocks from the original bridge numbered and transported to America to construct the present bridge in Lake Havasu City, a planned community he established in 1964 on the shore of Lake Havasu. The bridge was completed in 1971 (along with a canal), and links an island in the Colorado River with the main part of Lake Havasu City.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Roberts Vaux", "paragraph_text": "He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the eldest son of a well-known Quaker family (Richard and Anne Roberts Vaux) and connected by marriage to another such family, the Wistars. He received his education at private schools of Philadelphia.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Roberts Vaux Junior High School", "paragraph_text": "The Promise Academy at Roberts Vaux High School (commonly referred to as 'Roberts Vaux Promise Academy) is a historic high school school building located in the North Central neighborhood of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was designed by Irwin T. Catharine and built in 1936-1938. It is a four-story, 23 bay, \"U\"-shaped yellow brick building in a Moderne / Art Deco-style. It features projecting end pavilions, terra cotta decorative work, and a two-story stone Tudor-arched entryway. It was named for American jurist, abolitionist, and philanthropist Roberts Vaux (1786-1836). Jacob C. White, Jr. served as principal from 1864 to 1896 and was the first black school principal in Philadelphia. During his tenure, White reformed the institute and became the leading figure in the field of urban education in Philadelphia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Williston, Florida", "paragraph_text": "Williston is a city in Levy County, Florida, United States. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 2,768. The city was established before 1885 by J. M. Willis, who named it after himself.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Oklahoma City", "paragraph_text": "With regards to Mexican drug cartels, Oklahoma City has traditionally been the territory of the notorious Juárez Cartel, but the Sinaloa Cartel has been reported as trying to establish a foothold in Oklahoma City. There are many rival gangs in Oklahoma City, one whose headquarters has been established in the city, the Southside Locos, traditionally known as Sureños.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Downing Park (Newburgh, New York)", "paragraph_text": "Downing Park is the largest of several public parks in the city of Newburgh, New York, United States. The park was designed in the late 19th century by Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux, who gave the design to the city on the condition it would be named after their mentor, Andrew Jackson Downing, a Newburgh native who had died in a steamboat accident on the Hudson River in 1852.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "The Way Through the Night", "paragraph_text": "The Way Through the Night (German:Der Weg durch die Nacht) is a 1929 German silent film directed by Robert Dinesen and starring Käthe von Nagy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Robert Benjamin Lewis", "paragraph_text": "After living for almost twenty years in the city of Hallowell, Robert Benjamin Lewis moved his family to the city of Bath, Maine, about 1848, where he built a cottage near the Sagadahoc County court house on Lincoln street.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Kaskitayo, Edmonton", "paragraph_text": "Kaskitayo is a residential area in the southwest portion of the City of Edmonton in Alberta, Canada. It was established in 1973 through Edmonton City Council's adoption of the Kaskitayo Outline Plan, which guides the overall development of the area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Coalmont, Tennessee", "paragraph_text": "Coalmont is a city in Grundy County, Tennessee, United States. Established in 1904, the city has an area of 6 square smiles. The population was 841 at the 2010 census.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Knutsford, Kamloops", "paragraph_text": "Knutsford is a neighbourhood of the City of Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada, located on the south side of that city just west of Peterson Creek. It is named for Knutsford, Cheshire, by Robert Longridge, who took up ranching in the area in 1912.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Strasbourg", "paragraph_text": "In September 1940 the first Alsatian resistance movement led by Marcel Weinum called La main noire (The black hand) was created. It was composed by a group of 25 young men aged from 14 to 18 years old who led several attacks against the German occupation. The actions culminated with the attack of the Gauleiter Robert Wagner, the highest commander of Alsace directly under the order of Hitler. In March 1942, Marcel Weinum was prosecuted by the Gestapo and sentenced to be beheaded at the age of 18 in April 1942 in Stuttgart, Germany. His last words will be: \"If I have to die, I shall die but with a pure heart\". From 1943 the city was bombarded by Allied aircraft. While the First World War had not notably damaged the city, Anglo-American bombing caused extensive destruction in raids of which at least one was allegedly carried out by mistake. In August 1944, several buildings in the Old Town were damaged by bombs, particularly the Palais Rohan, the Old Customs House (Ancienne Douane) and the Cathedral. On 23 November 1944, the city was officially liberated by the 2nd French Armoured Division under General Leclerc. He achieved the oath that he made with his soldiers, after the decisive Capture of Kufra. With the Oath of Kuffra, they swore to keep up the fight until the French flag flew over the Cathedral of Strasbourg.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Robert von Dassanowsky", "paragraph_text": "Robert von Dassanowsky FRHistS, FRSA (born January 28, 1965, New York City) is an Austrian-American academic, writer, film and cultural historian, and producer. He is usually known as Robert Dassanowsky.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Beattyville, Kentucky", "paragraph_text": "Beattyville is a home rule-class city in Lee County, Kentucky, in the United States. The city was formally established by the state assembly as Beatty in 1851 and incorporated in 1872. It was named for Samuel Beatty, a pioneer settler.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Philadelphia", "paragraph_text": "In 1681, in partial repayment of a debt, Charles II of England granted William Penn a charter for what would become the Pennsylvania colony. Despite the royal charter, Penn bought the land from the local Lenape to be on good terms with the Native Americans and ensure peace for his colony. Penn made a treaty of friendship with Lenape chief Tammany under an elm tree at Shackamaxon, in what is now the city's Fishtown section. Penn named the city Philadelphia, which is Greek for brotherly love (from philos, \"love\" or \"friendship\", and adelphos, \"brother\"). As a Quaker, Penn had experienced religious persecution and wanted his colony to be a place where anyone could worship freely. This tolerance, far more than afforded by most other colonies, led to better relations with the local Native tribes and fostered Philadelphia's rapid growth into America's most important city. Penn planned a city on the Delaware River to serve as a port and place for government. Hoping that Philadelphia would become more like an English rural town instead of a city, Penn laid out roads on a grid plan to keep houses and businesses spread far apart, with areas for gardens and orchards. The city's inhabitants did not follow Penn's plans, as they crowded by the Delaware River, the port, and subdivided and resold their lots. Before Penn left Philadelphia for the last time, he issued the Charter of 1701 establishing it as a city. It became an important trading center, poor at first, but with tolerable living conditions by the 1750s. Benjamin Franklin, a leading citizen, helped improve city services and founded new ones, such as fire protection, a library, and one of the American colonies' first hospitals.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Robert Walton Goelet", "paragraph_text": "Robert Walton Goelet (March 19, 1880 – May 2, 1941) was a financier and real estate developer in New York City. He was one of the largest property owners in the city by the time of his death.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Emile Capgras", "paragraph_text": "He was elected as a Le Robert city councilor in 1983. He was later appointed Deputy Mayor of Le Robert from 1995 to 1997 under then Mayor Edouard de Lépine.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Wiehre", "paragraph_text": "Wiehre (preceded in German with the definite article \"die:\" \"\"die Wiehre\"\") is a residential district at the edge of Freiburg im Breisgau, located southwards and across the River Dreisam from the Old City. It is a desirable district, with comparatively quiet streets and many well-preserved commercial and residential buildings dating from the 18th century and earlier. Housing there is expensive relative to the rest of the city. The Wiehre is bordered on the west by the Rheintalbahn Karlsruhe-Basel, on the north by the Dreisam, on the east by the Waldsee (another district of Freiburg), and on the south by a wood known as the Sternwald am Bromberg and the village of Günterstal (which also belongs to Freiburg). The Günterstal Landstrasse, which begins at the St. Martin's Gate in the ancient town wall, bisects the Wiehre.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Robert Throckmorton", "paragraph_text": "Born by 1513, Robert Throckmorton was the eldest son and heir of Sir George Throckmorton (died 1552) by Katherine Vaux, daughter of Nicholas Vaux, 1st Baron Vaux of Harrowden (died 1523). He had several notable brothers, in descending seniority: Sir Kenelm Throckmorton, Sir Clement Throckmorton MP, Sir Nicholas Throckmorton (1515–1571), Thomas, Sir John Throckmorton (1524–1580), Anthony, and George.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Solomon R. Guggenheim", "paragraph_text": "Solomon Robert Guggenheim (February 2, 1861 – November 3, 1949) was an American businessman and art collector. He is best known for establishing the Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation and the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York City.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 146207, "question": "In what city did Roberts Vaux die?", "answer": "Philadelphia", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 }, { "id": 30651, "question": "When was #1 established as a city?", "answer": "1701", "paragraph_support_idx": 14 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Belgium", "paragraph_text": "Belgium, officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Western Europe bordered by France, the Netherlands, Germany and Luxembourg. A small and densely populated country, it covers an area of 30,528 square kilometres (11,787 sq mi) and has a population of more than 11 million. Straddling the cultural boundary between Germanic and Latin Europe, Belgium is home to two main linguistic groups: the Dutch - speaking, mostly Flemish community, which constitutes about 59 percent of the population, and the French - speaking, mostly Walloon population, which comprises about 40 percent of all Belgians. Additionally, there is a small group of German speakers, numbering around one percent, who live in the East Cantons. The capital and largest city is Brussels; other major cities are Antwerp, Ghent, Charleroi and Liège.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Paris", "paragraph_text": "Paris (French pronunciation: ​ (paʁi) (listen)) is the capital and most populous city in France, with an administrative - limits area of 105 square kilometres (41 square miles) and an official population of 2,206,488 (2015). The city is a commune and department, and the heart of the 12,012 - square - kilometre (4,638 - square - mile) Île - de-France region (colloquially known as the 'Paris Region'), whose 2016 population of 12,142,802 represented roughly 18 percent of the population of France. Since the 17th century, Paris has been one of Europe's major centres of finance, commerce, fashion, science, and the arts. The Paris Region had a GDP of €649.6 billion (US $763.4 billion) in 2014, accounting for 30.4 percent of the GDP of France. According to official estimates, in 2013 - 14 the Paris Region had the third - highest GDP in the world and the largest regional GDP in the EU.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "List of European stock exchanges", "paragraph_text": "The London Stock Exchange is the only global stock exchange in Europe, it is located in the City of London in the United Kingdom. As of December 2014, the Exchange had a market capitalization of US $6.06 trillion (short scale), making it the third - largest stock exchange in the world by this measurement (the largest in Europe, ahead of Euronext). The Exchange was founded in 1801 and its current premises are situated in Paternoster Square close to St Paul's Cathedral in the City of London. The Exchange is part of the London Stock Exchange Group.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Funafuti", "paragraph_text": "Funafuti is an atoll and the capital of the island nation of Tuvalu. It has a population of 6,025 people, making it the country's most populated atoll, with 56.6 percent of Tuvalu's population. It is a narrow sweep of land between 20 and 400 metres (66 and 1,312 feet) wide, encircling a large lagoon (Te Namo) 18 km (11 miles) long and 14 km (9 miles) wide. The average depth in the Funafuti lagoon is about 20 fathoms (36.5 metres or 120 feet). With a surface of 275 square kilometres (106.2 sq mi), it is by far the largest lagoon in Tuvalu. The land area of the 33 islets aggregates to 2.4 square kilometres (0.9 sq mi), less than one percent of the total area of the atoll. Cargo ships can enter Funafuti's lagoon and dock at the port facilities on Fongafale.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "List of counties in Georgia", "paragraph_text": "Counties of Georgia Location State of Georgia Number 159 Populations Greatest: 1,010,562 (Fulton) Least: 1,680 (Taliaferro) Average: 64,845 (2016) Areas Largest: 903 square miles (2,340 km) (Ware) Smallest: 121 square miles (310 km) (Clarke) Average: 374 square miles (970 km) Government County government Subdivisions Cities, towns, unincorporated communities, census designated place", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Russia", "paragraph_text": "Russia (/ ˈrʌʃə / (listen); Russian: Росси́я, tr. Rossiya; IPA: (rɐˈsjijə)), also officially known as the Russian Federation (Russian: Российская Федерация, tr. Rossiyskaya Federatsiya; IPA: (rɐˈsijskəjə fjɪdjɪˈratsɨjə)), is a country in Eurasia. At 17,125,200 square kilometres (6,612,100 sq mi), Russia is the largest country in the world by surface area, covering more than one - eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people at the end of March 2016. The European western part of the country is much more populated and urbanised than the eastern; about 77% of the population live in European Russia. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major urban centers include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Chelyabinsk, Nizhny Novgorod, Ufa, and Kazan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Kazakhstan", "paragraph_text": "With an area of 2,700,000 square kilometres (1,000,000 sq mi) – equivalent in size to Western Europe – Kazakhstan is the ninth-largest country and largest landlocked country in the world. While it was part of the Soviet Union, Kazakhstan lost some of its territory to China's Xinjiang autonomous region and some to Uzbekistan's Karakalpakstan autonomous republic.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Philadelphia", "paragraph_text": "Throughout the 19th century, Philadelphia had a variety of industries and businesses, the largest being textiles. Major corporations in the 19th and early 20th centuries included the Baldwin Locomotive Works, William Cramp and Sons Ship and Engine Building Company, and the Pennsylvania Railroad. Industry, along with the U.S. Centennial, was celebrated in 1876 with the Centennial Exposition, the first official World's Fair in the United States. Immigrants, mostly Irish and German, settled in Philadelphia and the surrounding districts. The rise in population of the surrounding districts helped lead to the Act of Consolidation of 1854, which extended the city limits of Philadelphia from the 2 square miles of present-day Center City to the roughly 130 square miles of Philadelphia County.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Liechtenstein", "paragraph_text": "Liechtenstein is bordered by Switzerland to the west and south and Austria to the east and north. It is Europe's fourth-smallest country, with an area of just over 160 square kilometres (62 square miles) and a population of 37,877. Divided into 11 municipalities, its capital is Vaduz, and its largest municipality is Schaan. It is also the smallest country to border two countries.Economically, Liechtenstein has one of the highest gross domestic products per person in the world when adjusted for purchasing power parity. It was once known as a billionaire tax haven, but is no longer on any blacklists of uncooperative tax haven countries (see taxation section).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Geography of Sweden", "paragraph_text": "Sweden is a country in Northern Europe on the Scandinavian Peninsula. It borders Norway to the west; Finland to the northeast; and the Baltic Sea and Gulf of Bothnia to the south and east. At , Sweden is the 55th largest country in the world. It is the fifth largest in Europe and the largest in Northern Europe.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Austria-Hungary", "paragraph_text": "Austria-Hungary was a multinational state and one of Europe's major powers at the time. Austria-Hungary was geographically the second-largest country in Europe after the Russian Empire, at , and the third-most populous (after Russia and the German Empire). The Empire built up the fourth-largest machine building industry of the world, after the United States, Germany, and the United Kingdom. Austria-Hungary also became the world's third largest manufacturer and exporter of electric home appliances, electric industrial appliances and power generation apparatus for power plants, after the United States and the German Empire.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Costa Rica", "paragraph_text": "Costa Rica (/ ˌkɒstə ˈriːkə / (listen); Spanish: (ˈkosta ˈrika); ``Rich Coast ''), officially the Republic of Costa Rica (Spanish: República de Costa Rica), is a country in Central America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, Panama to the southeast, the Pacific Ocean to the west, the Caribbean Sea to the east, and Ecuador to the south of Cocos Island. It has a population of around 4.9 million, in a land area of 51,060 square kilometers (19,714 square miles); over 300,000 live in the capital and largest city, San José, which had a population of an estimated 333,980 in 2015.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Africa", "paragraph_text": "Africa is the world's second largest and second most - populous continent (behind Asia in both categories). At about 30.3 million km (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20% of its land area. With 1.2 billion people as of 2016, it accounts for about 16% of the world's human population. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Isthmus of Suez and the Red Sea to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos. It contains 54 fully recognised sovereign states (countries), nine territories and two de facto independent states with limited or no recognition. The majority of the continent and its countries are in the Northern Hemisphere, with a substantial portion and number of countries in the Southern Hemisphere.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "United States", "paragraph_text": "The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America (/ əˈmɛrɪkə /), is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self - governing territories, and various possessions. At 3.8 million square miles (9.8 million km) and with over 324 million people, the United States is the world's third - or fourth - largest country by total area and the third-most populous. The capital is Washington, D.C., and the largest city by population is New York City. Forty - eight states and the capital's federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east and across the Bering Strait from Russia to the west. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U.S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea, stretching across nine official time zones. The extremely diverse geography, climate, and wildlife of the United States make it one of the world's 17 megadiverse countries.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "List of European countries by area", "paragraph_text": "Rank Country Area (km2) Notes Russia * 3,972,400 17,098,242 including North Asia Ukraine 603,628 This includes Crimea France * 551,394 643,801 when the overseas departments are included Spain * 498,468 505,992 when the Canary Islands, Ceuta and Melilla are included Sweden 449,964 6 Norway 385,178 This includes Svalbard and Jan Mayen 7 Germany 357,168 8 Finland 338,145 9 Poland 312,685 10 Italy 301,338 11 United Kingdom 248,532 1,976,102 when the British Overseas Territories are included. 12 Romania 238,392 13 Belarus 207,600 14 Kazakhstan * 180,000 (est.) 2,724,902 including Asian part 15 Greece 131,940 16 Bulgaria 110,994 17 Iceland 102,775 18 Hungary 93,030 19 Portugal 91,568 20 Austria 83,858 21 Czech Republic 78,866 22 Serbia 77,453 This excludes Kosovo 23 Ireland 70,273 24 Lithuania 65,300 25 Latvia 64,589 26 Croatia 56,594 27 Bosnia and Herzegovina 51,129 28 Slovakia 49,036 29 Estonia 45,339 30 Denmark 44,493 This includes Faroe Islands; 2,210,579 including Greenland 31 Switzerland 41,290 32 Netherlands 41,198 Excluding Caribbean Netherlands, Aruba, Curacao and Sint Maarten. 33 Moldova 33,846 34 Belgium 30,510 35 Albania 28,748 36 Macedonia (Former Yugoslavian Republic) 25,713 37 Turkey * 23,507 783,562 including Asian part 38 Slovenia 20,273 39 Montenegro 13,812 40 Kosovo 10,908 Partially recognized state 41 Cyprus 9,251 42 Azerbaijan * 6,960 86,600 including Asian part 43 Luxembourg 2,586 44 Georgia * 2,428 69,700 including Asian part 45 Andorra 468 46 Malta 316 47 Liechtenstein 160 48 San Marino 61 49 Monaco 1.95 50 Vatican City 0.44 Total 10,141,183 ± 5,000", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Charles Square", "paragraph_text": "Charles Square () is a city square in the New Town of Prague, Czech Republic. At roughly 80,550 m² it is one of the largest squares in the world and was the largest town square of the medieval Europe. Founded in 1348 as the main square of the New Town by Charles IV, it was known as \"Dobytčí trh\" (Cattle Market) from the 15th century and finally named after its founder in 1848. The central portion of the square was turned into a park in the 1860s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Canada", "paragraph_text": "Canada (/ ˈkænədə / (listen); French: (kanadɑ)) is a country in the northern part of North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering 9.98 million square kilometres (3.85 million square miles), making it the world's second - largest country by total area and the fourth - largest country by land area. Canada's southern border with the United States is the world's longest bi-national land border. The majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate, but southerly areas are warm in summer. Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its land territory being dominated by forest and tundra and the Rocky Mountains. It is highly urbanized with 82 per cent of the 35.15 million people concentrated in large and medium - sized cities, many near the southern border. Its capital is Ottawa, and its five largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver, Calgary and Ottawa.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "European Russia", "paragraph_text": "European Russia is the western part of Russia that is a part of Eastern Europe. With a population of 110 million people, European Russia has about 77% of Russia's population, but covers less than 25% of Russia's territory. European Russia includes Moscow and Saint Petersburg, the two largest cities in Russia.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Canada", "paragraph_text": "Canada (French: (kanadɑ)) is a country located in the northern part of North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering 9.98 million square kilometres (3.85 million square miles), making it the world's second - largest country by total area. Canada's southern border with the United States is the world's longest bi-national land border. As a whole, Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its land area being dominated by forest and tundra. Consequently, its population is highly urbanized, with 82 percent of the 35.15 million people concentrated in large and medium - sized cities, many near the southern border. Its capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver. Canada's climate varies widely across its vast area, ranging from arctic weather in the north, to hot summers in the southern regions, with four distinct seasons.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Punjab, Pakistan", "paragraph_text": "Punjab (Urdu, Punjabi: پنجاب, panj-āb, \"five waters\": listen (help·info)), also spelled Panjab, is the most populous of the four provinces of Pakistan. It has an area of 205,344 square kilometres (79,284 square miles) and a population of 91.379.615 in 2011, approximately 56% of the country's total population. Its provincial capital and largest city is Lahore. Punjab is bordered by the Indian states of Jammu and Kashmir to the northeast and Punjab and Rajasthan to the east. In Pakistan it is bordered by Sindh to the south, Balochistān and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to the west, and Islamabad and Azad Kashmir to the north.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 53235, "question": "what is the largest country in europe by square miles", "answer": "Russia *", "paragraph_support_idx": 14 }, { "id": 63133, "question": "where is the majority of #1 ’s population found", "answer": "the western part of Russia", "paragraph_support_idx": 17 } ]

[ "Russian Federation", "Rus", "ru", "Rossiyskaya Federatsiya", "RUS", "Russia", "Rossiya", "RU" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Marshall Islands", "paragraph_text": "Nuclear claims between the U.S. and the Marshall Islands are ongoing, and health effects from these nuclear tests linger. Project 4.1 was a medical study conducted by the United States of those residents of the Bikini Atoll exposed to radioactive fallout. From 1956 to August 1998, at least $759 million was paid to the Marshallese Islanders in compensation for their exposure to U.S. nuclear weapon testing.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Nuclear warfare", "paragraph_text": "During the final stages of World War II in 1945, the United States conducted atomic raids on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the first on August 6, 1945, and the second on August 9, 1945. These two events were the only times nuclear weapons have been used in combat.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Marshall Islands", "paragraph_text": "During the early years of the Cold War from 1946 to 1958, the United States tested 67 nuclear weapons at its Pacific Proving Grounds located in the Marshall Islands, including the largest atmospheric nuclear test ever conducted by the U.S., code named Castle Bravo. \"The bombs had a total yield of 108,496 kilotons, over 7,200 times more powerful than the atomic weapons used during World War II.\" With the 1952 test of the first U.S. hydrogen bomb, code named \"Ivy Mike,\" the island of Elugelab in the Enewetak atoll was destroyed. In 1956, the United States Atomic Energy Commission regarded the Marshall Islands as \"by far the most contaminated place in the world.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Soviet atomic bomb project", "paragraph_text": "On 29 August 1949, the Soviet Union secretly conducted its first successful weapon test (First Lightning), based on the U.S. design at the Semipalatinsk in Kazakhstan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "List of nuclear weapons tests of North Korea", "paragraph_text": "Nuclear tests Information Country North Korea Test site Punggye - ri Nuclear Test Site, North Korea Period 2006 -- present Number of tests 6 Test type underground Max. yield ~ 140 kt (U.S. intelligence) 160 kt (Revised estimates from Japanese Government) 250 kt (38 North and revised NORSAR estimate)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Pacific Proving Grounds", "paragraph_text": "The Pacific Proving Grounds was the name given by the United States government to a number of sites in the Marshall Islands and a few other sites in the Pacific Ocean at which it conducted nuclear testing between 1946 and 1962. The U.S. tested a nuclear weapon (codenamed Able) on Bikini Atoll on 30 June 1946. This was followed by Baker on July 24, 1946.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Pokhran-II", "paragraph_text": "Pokhran - II was the series of five nuclear bomb test explosions conducted by India at the Indian Army's Pokhran Test Range in May 1998. It was the second Indian nuclear test; the first test, code - named Smiling Buddha, was conducted in May 1974.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Operation Sunbeam", "paragraph_text": "Operation Sunbeam was a series of four nuclear tests conducted at the United States of America's Nevada Test Site in 1962. \"Operation Sunbeam\" tested small, \"tactical\" nuclear warheads; the most notable was the \"Davy Crockett\". \"Operation Sunbeam\" was also known as \"Operation Dominic II\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Nuclear weapons testing", "paragraph_text": "Underground tests in the United States continued until 1992 (its last nuclear test), the Soviet Union until 1990, the United Kingdom until 1991, and both China and France until 1996. In signing the Comprehensive Nuclear - Test - Ban Treaty in 1996, these states have pledged to discontinue all nuclear testing; the treaty has not yet entered into force because of failure to be ratified by eight countries. Non-signatories India and Pakistan last tested nuclear weapons in 1998. North Korea conducted nuclear tests in 2006, 2009, 2013, 2016, and 2017. The most recent confirmed nuclear test occurred in September 2017 in North Korea.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Pokhran-II", "paragraph_text": "After Indira Gandhi became Prime Minister in 1966, the nuclear program was consolidated when physicist Raja Ramanna joined the efforts. Another nuclear test by China eventually led to India's decision toward building nuclear weapons in 1967 and conducted its first nuclear test, Smiling Buddha, in 1974.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "India and weapons of mass destruction", "paragraph_text": "India Nuclear programme start date 1967 First nuclear weapon test 18 May 1974 First fusion weapon test 11 May 1998 Most recent test 13 May 1998 Largest - yield test 20 - 60 kt total Number of tests to date 6 Peak stockpile 110 - 120 Current stockpile 110 - 120 Maximum missile range 5,000 - 5,800 km (Agni - V) NPT Party No Smiling Buddha Declared (Pokhran - II) Disputed (Pokhran - II) 2016 estimate Agni V", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Pakistan and weapons of mass destruction", "paragraph_text": "At the Multan meeting, Bhutto also appointed Munir Ahmad Khan as chairman of PAEC, who, until then, had been working as director at the nuclear power and Reactor Division of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), in Vienna, Austria. In December 1972, Abdus Salam led the establishment of Theoretical Physics Group (TPG) as he called scientists working at ICTP to report to Munir Ahmad Khan. This marked the beginning of Pakistan's pursuit of nuclear deterrence capability. Following India's surprise nuclear test, codenamed Smiling Buddha in 1974, the first confirmed nuclear test by a nation outside the permanent five members of the United Nations Security Council, the goal to develop nuclear weapons received considerable impetus.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Project 56 (nuclear test)", "paragraph_text": "Operation Project 56 was a series of 4 nuclear tests conducted by the United States in 1955-1956 at the Nevada Test Site. These tests followed the \"Operation Wigwam\" series and preceded the \"Operation Redwing\" series.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "2006 North Korean nuclear test", "paragraph_text": "The 2006 North Korean nuclear test was the detonation of a nuclear device conducted by North Korea on October 9, 2006.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Trinity (nuclear test)", "paragraph_text": "Trinity was the code name of the first detonation of a nuclear weapon. It was conducted by the United States Army at 5: 29 a.m. on July 16, 1945, as part of the Manhattan Project. The test was conducted in the Jornada del Muerto desert about 35 miles (56 km) southeast of Socorro, New Mexico, on what was then the USAAF Alamogordo Bombing and Gunnery Range (now part of White Sands Missile Range). The only structures originally in the vicinity were the McDonald Ranch House and its ancillary buildings, which scientists used as a laboratory for testing bomb components. A base camp was constructed, and there were 425 people present on the weekend of the test.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Pokhran-II", "paragraph_text": "The Pokhran - II tests were a series of five nuclear bomb test explosions conducted by India at the Indian Army's Pokhran Test Range in May 1998. It was the second instance of nuclear testing conducted by India; the first test, code - named Smiling Buddha, was conducted in May 1974.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Operation Anvil (nuclear test)", "paragraph_text": "Operation Anvil was a series of 21 nuclear tests conducted by the United States in 1975-1976 at the Nevada Test Site. These tests followed the \"Operation Bedrock\" series and preceded the \"Operation Fulcrum\" series.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "North Korea and weapons of mass destruction", "paragraph_text": "North Korea has a military nuclear weapons program and also has a significant quantity of chemical and biological weapons. As of 2003, North Korea is no longer a party to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT). The country has come under sanctions after conducting a number of nuclear tests, beginning in 2006.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Korean War", "paragraph_text": "The Demilitarized Zone runs northeast of the 38th parallel; to the south, it travels west. The old Korean capital city of Kaesong, site of the armistice negotiations, originally was in pre-war South Korea, but now is part of North Korea. The United Nations Command, supported by the United States, the North Korean People's Army, and the Chinese People's Volunteers, signed the Armistice Agreement on 27 July 1953 to end the fighting. The Armistice also called upon the governments of South Korea, North Korea, China and the United States to participate in continued peace talks. The war is considered to have ended at this point, even though there was no peace treaty. North Korea nevertheless claims that it won the Korean War.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Nuclear weapons of the United States", "paragraph_text": "United States Nuclear program start date 21 October 1939 First nuclear weapon test 16 July 1945 First fusion weapon test 1 November 1952 Last nuclear test 23 September 1992 Largest yield test 15 Mt / 63 PJ (1 March 1954) Total tests 1,054 detonations Peak stockpile 31,255 warheads (1967) Current stockpile (usable and not) 4,000 (2018) (excludes retired and awaiting dismantlement) Current strategic arsenal 1,800 deployed strategic nuclear warheads (2018) Maximum missile range 15,000 km (9,321 mi) (land) 12,000 km (7,456 mi) (sub) NPT party Yes (1968, one of five recognized powers)", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 18468, "question": "Where is the capital city of Kaesong now located?", "answer": "North Korea", "paragraph_support_idx": 18 }, { "id": 85523, "question": "when did #1 conduct its first nuclear test", "answer": "October 9, 2006", "paragraph_support_idx": 13 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "L'Àgora", "paragraph_text": "L'Àgora (, ; , \"The Agora\") is a multifunctional covered space designed by Santiago Calatrava located in the \"Ciutat de les Arts i les Ciències\" (City of Arts and Sciences) complex, Valencia, Spain. The building has a height of 80 m and occupies 5,000 m of elliptic space. Depending on the configuration of the space, a maximum seating capacity for 6,075 people can be reached.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Northern Seven Years' War", "paragraph_text": "1762 brought two new countries into the war. Britain declared war against Spain on 4 January 1762; Spain reacted by issuing their own declaration of war against Britain on 18 January. Portugal followed by joining the war on Britain's side. Spain, aided by the French, launched an invasion of Portugal and succeeded in capturing Almeida. The arrival of British reinforcements stalled a further Spanish advance, and the Battle of Valencia de Alcántara saw British-Portuguese forces overrun a major Spanish supply base. The invaders were stopped on the heights in front of Abrantes (called the pass to Lisbon) where the Anglo-Portuguese were entrenched. Eventually the Anglo-Portuguese army, aided by guerrillas and practicing a scorched earth strategy, chased the greatly reduced Franco-Spanish army back to Spain, recovering almost all the lost towns, among them the Spanish headquarters in Castelo Branco full of wounded and sick that had been left behind.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Monastery of Sant Joan de les Abadesses", "paragraph_text": "The Monastery of Sant Joan de les Abadesses is a monastery in the comarca of Ripollès, Catalonia, northern Spain. Until the year 945 it was the only female monastery in the area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Spain during World War I", "paragraph_text": "Spain remained neutral throughout World War I between 28 July 1914 and 11 November 1918, and despite domestic economic difficulties, it was considered ``one of the most important neutral countries in Europe by 1915 ''. Spain had enjoyed neutrality during the political difficulties of pre-war Europe, and continued its neutrality after the war until the Spanish Civil War began in 1936. While there was no direct military involvement in the war, German forces were interned in Spanish Guinea in late 1915.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Trena Cox", "paragraph_text": "Trena Mary Cox (1895–1980) was an English stained glass artist. She was born Emma Trina Cox on 3 March 1895, in the Lower Bebington Urban District (i.e. not Bebbington), on the Wirral Peninsula and grew up around Birkenhead. She trained at the Laird School of Art. In 1924 she moved to Chester and set up her studio in Victoria Road Chester, Cheshire, either adjacent to, or within, the Kaleyard works of Williams, Gamon & Co., with whom she remained associated until the Second World War. In about 1945, Trena Cox moved to 96 Watergate Street, Chester, which remained her home and, at least later, her studio, until she retired in 1972 (at the age of 77) and died, on 11 February 1980 (not in 1977, as frequently quoted). Most of her works are in churches in the old counties of Cheshire and Lancashire. She was a fellow of the British Society of Master Glass Painters. The authors of the \"Buildings of England\" series comment that \"her windows are usually small, her figures modest, often with small-scale detail in the quarries\" (small pieces of square or diamond-shaped glass set diagonally).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Nigeria", "paragraph_text": "According to the International Organization for Migration, Nigeria witnessed a dramatic increase in remittances sent home from overseas Nigerians, going from USD 2.3 billion in 2004 to 17.9 billion in 2007. The United States accounts for the largest portion of official remittances, followed by the United Kingdom, Italy, Canada, Spain and France. On the African continent, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Chad, Libya and South Africa are important source countries of remittance flows to Nigeria, while China is the biggest remittance-sending country in Asia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Chester, Idaho", "paragraph_text": "Chester is an unincorporated community in Fremont County, Idaho, United States. Chester is located on U.S. Route 20 northeast of St. Anthony. Chester has a post office with ZIP code 83421.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Clifford Chester Sims", "paragraph_text": "Clifford Chester Sims (June 18, 1942 – February 21, 1968) was a United States Army soldier and a recipient of America's highest military decoration—the Medal of Honor—for his actions in the Vietnam War.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "La Libre Belgique", "paragraph_text": "La Libre Belgique (; literally \"The Free Belgium\"), currently sold under the name La Libre, is a major daily newspaper in Belgium. Together with \"Le Soir\", it is one of the country's major French language newspapers and is popular in Brussels and Wallonia. \"La Libre\" was founded in 1884 and has historically had a centre-right Christian Democratic political stance. The papers is particularly celebrated for its role as an underground newspaper during World War I and World War II when Belgium was occupied. Since 1999, the newspaper has become increasingly liberal but is still considered more conservative than \"Le Soir\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Le Château Apartments", "paragraph_text": "Le Château Apartments is an apartment building in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is located at 1321 Sherbrooke Street West in the Golden Square Mile neighbourhood of Downtown Montreal.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Le Crapouillot", "paragraph_text": "Le Crapouillot was a French magazine started by Jean Galtier-Boissière as a satiric publication in France, during World War I. In the trenches during World War I, the affectionate term for \"le petit crapaud\", \"the little toad\" was used by French soldiers, the \"poilus\", to designate small trench-mortars.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)", "paragraph_text": "The Anglo - Spanish War (1585 -- 1604) was an intermittent conflict between the kingdoms of Spain and England that was never formally declared. The war was punctuated by widely separated battles, and began with England's military expedition in 1585 to the Netherlands under the command of the Earl of Leicester in support of the resistance of the States General to Spanish Habsburg rule.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Chester-le-Street", "paragraph_text": "Chester-le-Street () is a town in County Durham, England. Its history goes back to the building of a Roman fort called Concangis. This Roman fort is the \"Chester\" (from the Latin castra) of the town's name; the \"Street\" refers to the paved Roman road that ran north–south through the town, and which is now called Front Street.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "The Diabolical Dr. Z", "paragraph_text": "\"The Diabolical Dr. Z\" was released in Spain in August 1966 under the title \"Miss Muerte\" with a running time of 86 minutes. The film had 360,990 admissions in Spain and grossed a 2019 equivalent of 30,787.00€ domestically. It was released in France on November 22, 1967 under the title of \"Dans les griffes du maniaque\" () with a running time of 90 minutes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "The Great Outdoors (film)", "paragraph_text": "Chicagoan Chester ``Chet ''Ripley, his wife, Connie, and their two sons, Buckley`` Buck'' and Ben, are on vacation at a lake resort in Pechoggin, Wisconsin during the summer. All is going as planned until Connie's sister, Kate, Kate's investment broker husband, Roman Craig, and their twin daughters, Mara and Cara, crash the vacation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Our Lady of Victory Church (Manhattan)", "paragraph_text": "The Church of Our Lady of Victory, also known as the War Memorial Church, is a Roman Catholic parish church in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York, located at 60 William Street on the northeast corner of William Street and Pine Street in the Financial District of Manhattan, New York City. It was established in 1944, during World War II, by Francis Cardinal Spellman, Archbishop of New York and Apostolic Vicar for the U.S. Armed Forces from December 11, 1939 to December 2, 1967, at a time when \"victory in the war was in sight but not yet assured.\" A quote from Cardinal Spellman greets worshipers at the front door: \"This Holy Shrine is dedicated to Our Lady of Victory in Thanksgiving for Victory won by our valiant dead, our soldier’s blood, our country’s tears, shed to defend men’s rights and win back men’s hearts to God.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Paul Freedman", "paragraph_text": "Paul H. Freedman is the Chester D Tripp Professor of History at Yale University. He specializes in medieval social history, the history of Spain, the study of medieval peasantry, and medieval cuisine.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Maçanet de Cabrenys", "paragraph_text": "Maçanet de Cabrenys is a municipality in the \"comarca\" of Alt Empordà, Girona, Catalonia, Spain. It also belongs to the \"subcomarca\" of Alta Garrotxa. It includes the villages of Arnera, Les Creus, Les Mines, Les Salines, Tapis, Els Vilars, and Oliveda. It is situated at the foot of the Eastern Pyrenees, with the Rivers Arnera and Frausa. It has numerous springs, which makes it attractive for tourism, the largest source of revenue, together with dryland farming and animal husbandry. It has a water bottling facility.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Chester Nez", "paragraph_text": "Chester Nez (January 23, 1921 -- June 4, 2014) was an American veteran of World War II. He was the last original Navajo code talker who served in the United States Marine Corps during the war.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Chester Ellis Wright", "paragraph_text": "Lieutenant Chester Ellis Wright was an American World War I flying ace credited with nine confirmed aerial victories. He was the top scoring ace for his squadron.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 162308, "question": "which country is Chester -le- street?", "answer": "England", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 }, { "id": 78073, "question": "when did #1 go to war with spain", "answer": "1585 -- 1604", "paragraph_support_idx": 11 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "French colonization of the Americas", "paragraph_text": "The French colonization of the Americas began in the 16th century, and continued on into the following centuries as France established a colonial empire in the Western Hemisphere. France founded colonies in much of eastern North America, on a number of Caribbean islands, and in South America. Most colonies were developed to export products such as fish, rice, sugar, and furs.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Great Lakes", "paragraph_text": "The Great Lakes are the largest group of freshwater lakes on Earth by total area, and second largest by total volume, containing 21% of the world's surface fresh water by volume. The total surface is 94,250 square miles (244,106 km), and the total volume (measured at the low water datum) is 5,439 cubic miles (22,671 km), slightly less than the volume of Lake Baikal (23,615 km3, 22 -- 23% of the world's surface fresh water). Due to their sea - like characteristics (rolling waves, sustained winds, strong currents, great depths, and distant horizons) the five Great Lakes have also long been referred to as inland seas. Lake Superior is the second largest lake in the world by area, and the largest freshwater lake by area. Lake Michigan is the largest lake that is entirely within one country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Estée Lauder (businesswoman)", "paragraph_text": "In 1953, Lauder introduced her first fragrance, Youth - Dew, a bath oil that doubled as a perfume. Instead of using French perfumes by the drop behind each ear, women began using Youth - Dew by the bottle in their bath water. In the first year, it sold 50,000 bottles, and by 1984, the figure had jumped to 150 million.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Intiö Water Tower", "paragraph_text": "Intiö Water Tower has been designed by architect J. S. Sirén and it was completed in 1927. It is the first water tower of the Oulu Waterworks. A water tower in Myllytulli had been built in 1921, but it was only used by the Veljekset Åström leather factory. The water tower is tall and capable of holding of water.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Phander Lake", "paragraph_text": "Phander Lake is situated in the Phander Village, in Koh-i-Ghizer, Ghizer District, the westernmost part of the Gilgit–Baltistan region and northernmost territory of Pakistan. This lake is an important source of fresh water.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Anshupa Lake", "paragraph_text": "The 141-hectare Ansupa Lake () is a horseshoe shaped fresh water lake on the left bank of the Mahanadi river, opposite Banki in Cuttack district, Odisha, India. Ansupa Lake in Banki is 40 km from the city of Cuttack, which also acts as a shelter for the migratory birds in the wintry weather season. It is a fresh water lake situated amidst the Saranda Hills and enclosed by bamboo tree greenery and mango trees. To visitor's delight, there is boating and fishing facilities in the Ansupa Lake.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Qarsita", "paragraph_text": "Qarsita () is a Sunni Muslim village located in the highest mountains of Miniyeh-Danniyeh District in North Lebanon. The name of this village is derived from the two Arabic words \"Qar\" and \"Sita\" which mean famous (\"sita\") for cold (\"Qar\"). The village is famous for cultivation of pears, apples, peaches and variety of fruits and is one of the first producers of pears and apples in Lebanon. The very cold village, in comparison with surrounded areas, is characterized by its nature scenery and its unique position overlooking the city of Tripoli, the towns of Akkar district and the Syrian coast. Qarsita is one of the rich village in fresh water in Miniyeh-Danniyeh District, it contains thousandth of fresh water sources, the biggest one called Source of Sugar feeds a large number of villages in the area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Steam engine", "paragraph_text": "Using boiling water to produce mechanical motion goes back over 2000 years, but early devices were not practical. The Spanish inventor Jerónimo de Ayanz y Beaumont obtained the first patent for a steam engine in 1606. In 1698 Thomas Savery patented a steam pump that used steam in direct contact with the water being pumped. Savery's steam pump used condensing steam to create a vacuum and draw water into a chamber, and then applied pressurized steam to further pump the water. Thomas Newcomen's atmospheric engine was the first commercial true steam engine using a piston, and was used in 1712 for pumping in a mine.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Water resources", "paragraph_text": "Desalination is an artificial process by which saline water (generally sea water) is converted to fresh water. The most common desalination processes are distillation and reverse osmosis. Desalination is currently expensive compared to most alternative sources of water, and only a very small fraction of total human use is satisfied by desalination. It is usually only economically practical for high-valued uses (such as household and industrial uses) in arid areas. However, there is growth in desalination for agricultural use, and highly populated areas such as Singapore or California. The most extensive use is in the Persian Gulf.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Lake Norman", "paragraph_text": "Lake Norman, created between 1959 and 1964 as part of the construction of the Cowans Ford Dam by Duke Energy, is the largest man-made body of fresh water in North Carolina.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Atlantis Paradise Island", "paragraph_text": "Atlantis Paradise Island is an ocean - themed resort on Paradise Island in the Bahamas. It features a variety of accommodations built around Aquaventure, a 141 - acre waterscape, which includes fresh and saltwater lagoons, pools, marine habitats, and water slides and river rides.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Bhotewodar", "paragraph_text": "Bhotewodar,one of the main cities of Lamjung District. which is identified as the gateway of East Lamjung lies in the Gandaki zone, Nepal.It was named as Bhotewodar as there was a cave (odhar) in this place where Bhotais used to take shelter during the winter time and used to sell their goods. So,it was named as Bhotewodar later. It has three government schools and three private boarding schools. Bhakti Namuna Higher Secondary School was established in 2024 B.S. Students can get education up to diploma level herein. It has got all kind of facilities like electricity, transportation, communication, health and so on. The climate is very fine to settle. It lies near the Marsyangdi river. It has Middle Marsyangdi Hydropower House. Newars are the first inhabitants of this place. Later on people from gurung community,Brahmin community chhetri community also have settled here. At the time of the 2001 Nepal census it had a population of 5897.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Willard Bay", "paragraph_text": "Willard Bay is a man-made fresh water reservoir in the Great Salt Lake, in northern Utah. The bay was separated from the Great Salt Lake in 1964, and has since served as a source of irrigation, drinking water, and recreation for the northern Wasatch Front metro area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Tuvalu", "paragraph_text": "The governments of Australia and New Zealand responded to the 2011 fresh-water crisis by supplying temporary desalination plants, and assisted in the repair of the existing desalination unit that was donated by Japan in 2006. In response to the 2011 drought, Japan funded the purchase of a 100 m3/d desalination plant and two portable 10 m3/d plants as part of its Pacific Environment Community (PEC) program. Aid programs from the European Union and Australia also provided water tanks as part of the longer term solution for the storage of available fresh water.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Bermuda", "paragraph_text": "Bermuda was discovered in 1503 by Spanish explorer Juan de Bermúdez. It is mentioned in Legatio Babylonica, published in 1511 by historian Pedro Mártir de Anglería, and was also included on Spanish charts of that year. Both Spanish and Portuguese ships used the islands as a replenishment spot to take on fresh meat and water. Legends arose of spirits and devils, now thought to have stemmed from the calls of raucous birds (most likely the Bermuda petrel, or Cahow) and the loud noise heard at night from wild hogs. Combined with the frequent storm-wracked conditions and the dangerous reefs, the archipelago became known as the Isle of Devils. Neither Spain nor Portugal tried to settle it.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Tuvalu", "paragraph_text": "Tuvalu experiences the effects of El Niño and La Niña caused by changes in ocean temperatures in the equatorial and central Pacific. El Niño effects increase the chances of tropical storms and cyclones, while La Niña effects increase the chances of drought. Typically the islands of Tuvalu receive between 200 to 400 mm (8 to 16 in) of rainfall per month. However, in 2011 a weak La Niña effect caused a drought by cooling the surface of the sea around Tuvalu. A state of emergency was declared on 28 September 2011; with rationing of fresh-water on the islands of Funafuti and Nukulaelae. Households on Funafuti and Nukulaelae were restricted to two buckets of fresh water per day (40 litres).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Mexico City", "paragraph_text": "Originally much of the valley laid beneath the waters of Lake Texcoco, a system of interconnected salt and freshwater lakes. The Aztecs built dikes to separate the fresh water used to raise crops in chinampas and to prevent recurrent floods. These dikes were destroyed during the siege of Tenochtitlan, and during colonial times the Spanish regularly drained the lake to prevent floods. Only a small section of the original lake remains, located outside the Federal District, in the municipality of Atenco, State of Mexico.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Water export", "paragraph_text": "Canada has 7% of the world's renewable supply of freshwater. Freshwater export between Canada and the US currently takes place at a small scale, mostly as bottled water exports. The bottled water industry exports water in containers usually no larger than twenty litres. But even that can be controversial - the multinational food giant Nestle was accused of attempting to ``drain ''the town of Hillsburgh, Ontario, of its water in 2012 and 2013, during a drought.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Sumer", "paragraph_text": "Sumerian religion seems to have been founded upon two separate cosmogenic myths. The first saw creation as the result of a series of hieros gami or sacred marriages, involving the reconciliation of opposites, postulated as a coming together of male and female divine beings; the gods. This continued to influence the whole Mesopotamian mythos. Thus in the Enuma Elish the creation was seen as the union of fresh and salt water; as male Abzu, and female Tiamat. The product of that union, Lahm and Lahmu, \"the muddy ones\", were titles given to the gate keepers of the E-Abzu temple of Enki, in Eridu, the first Sumerian city. Describing the way that muddy islands emerge from the confluence of fresh and salty water at the mouth of the Euphrates, where the river deposited its load of silt, a second hieros gamos supposedly created Anshar and Kishar, the \"sky-pivot\" or axle, and the \"earth pivot\", parents in turn of Anu (the sky) and Ki (the earth). Another important Sumerian hieros gamos was that between Ki, here known as Ninhursag or \"Lady Sacred Mountain\", and Enki of Eridu, the god of fresh water which brought forth greenery and pasture.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Çiftlik, Marmaris", "paragraph_text": "Çiftlik is a small village in the Marmaris district, Muğla Province, Turkey. It is a popular first-day stay for yachts sailing west to Marmaris. There are 4 restaurants with moorings, offering free fresh water, electricity, and wireless internet. There is also one hotel in the bay, the Green Platan. An island on the south provides shelter in the bay from Meltimi.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 83279, "question": "where does the us get its fresh water", "answer": "Canada", "paragraph_support_idx": 17 }, { "id": 71258, "question": "when did the french first settle in #1", "answer": "in the 16th century", "paragraph_support_idx": 0 } ]

[ "16th century" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Crown Prosecution Service", "paragraph_text": "The Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) is the principal public prosecuting agency for conducting criminal prosecutions in England and Wales. It is headed by the Director of Public Prosecutions (DPP).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Lekem", "paragraph_text": "Lekem, (also pronounced \"Lakam\") an acronym for ha-Lishka le-Kishrei Mada (, Bureau of Scientific Relations), was an Israeli intelligence agency headed by Benjamin Blumberg (1957–1981), and Rafi Eitan (1981–1986).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "A Nature Conservation Review", "paragraph_text": "A Nature Conservation Review is a 2-volume work by Derek Ratcliffe, published by Cambridge University Press in 1977. It set out to identify the most important places for nature conservation in Great Britain. It is often known by the acronym NCR, and sites listed in it are termed \"NCR sites\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "True Detective (season 2)", "paragraph_text": "The season's story takes place in California and follows the interweaving stories of officers from three cooperating police departments; when California Highway Patrol officer and war veteran Paul Woodrugh (Kitsch) discovers the body of corrupt city manager Ben Caspere on the side of a highway, Vinci Police Department detective Raymond ``Ray ''Velcoro (Farrell) and Ventura County Sheriff's Office Criminal Investigation Division Sergeant Antigone`` Ani'' Bezzerides (McAdams) are called to assist in the following investigation. Career criminal Francis ``Frank ''Semyon (Vaughn) attempts to legitimize his business with his wife Jordan (Reilly) by investing in a rail project overseen by Caspere, but loses his money when Caspere is killed, prompting him to start his own investigation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Among the Dust of Thieves", "paragraph_text": "Among the Dust of Thieves is a 2013 American drama film about the 1896 disappearance of Albert Jennings Fountain, directed by Sean Pilcher. The film dramatizes the days leading up to Fountain’s disappearance near White Sands, New Mexico and the first, unsuccessful investigation of his apparent murder by John C. Fraser of the Pinkerton Agency. The film strongly suggests that Fountain’s disappearance was directly linked to his prosecution of Oliver M. Lee for cattle rustling. The narrative switches from Fountain’s investigation and arrest of Lee culminating in Fountain’s disappearance, to Fraser’s investigation, which concludes after a shootout at Lee’s ranch.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Ernest Volkman", "paragraph_text": "Ernest Volkman (born December 31, 1940 in Huntington, New York) is an American author, investigative reporter, and journalist who writes about war, espionage, and the criminal underworld. Volkman, a 1959 graduate of Whitman High School in his home town of Huntington, attended Hofstra University and graduated with a B.A. degree in Journalism in 1963.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Disclosure and Barring Service", "paragraph_text": "The DBS was formed in 2012 by merging the functions of the Criminal Records Bureau (CRB) and the Independent Safeguarding Authority (ISA) under the Protection of Freedoms Act 2012. DBS started operating on 1 December 2012. It operates from Liverpool and Darlington. Its equivalent agencies are Disclosure Scotland in Scotland and Access Northern Ireland in Northern Ireland.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Nina Kraus", "paragraph_text": "Nina Kraus is a professor at Northwestern University, investigating the neural encoding of speech and music and its plasticity where she is the Hugh S. Knowles Chair in audiology.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Fan Changmi", "paragraph_text": "Fan Changmi (born June 1955) is a former lieutenant-general of the People's Liberation Army of China. In December 2014, he was under investigation by the PLA's anti-corruption agency. He served as Deputy Political Commissar of the Lanzhou Military Region, one of the seven military regions in China, but was placed under investigation for corruption in 2014.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Federal Bureau of Investigation", "paragraph_text": "The FBI often works in conjunction with other Federal agencies, including the U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) and U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) in seaport and airport security, and the National Transportation Safety Board in investigating airplane crashes and other critical incidents. Immigration and Customs Enforcement Homeland Security Investigations (ICE-HSI) has nearly the same amount of investigative man power as the FBI, and investigates the largest range of crimes. In the wake of the September 11 attacks, then-Attorney General Ashcroft assigned the FBI as the designated lead organization in terrorism investigations after the creation of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. ICE-HSI and the FBI are both integral members of the Joint Terrorism Task Force.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "ICAC Investigators 2009", "paragraph_text": "ICAC Investigators 2009 (Traditional Chinese: 廉政行動2009; literally \"Upright Government Walk Movement 2009\") () is the 2009 installment of the ICAC Investigator series, produced by Hong Kong Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC) and RTHK. It is broadcast on TVB Jade channel. Each criminal case is based on actual cases investigated by the ICAC.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "United States Electoral College", "paragraph_text": "Since 1836, statewide, winner - take - all popular voting for electors has been the almost universal practice. As of 2016, Maine (from 1972) and Nebraska (from 1996) use the district plan, with two at - large electors assigned to support the winner of the statewide popular vote.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Henry Strasak", "paragraph_text": "Henry Jindrich Strasak (January 8, 1901 – May 16, 1985) was an American Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) officer.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Economic and Financial Crimes Commission", "paragraph_text": "The Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) is a Nigerian law enforcement agency that investigates financial crimes such as advance fee fraud (419 fraud) and money laundering. The EFCC was established in 2003, partially in response to pressure from the Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering (FATF), which named Nigeria as one of 23 countries non-cooperative in the international community's efforts to fight money laundering. The agency has its head office in Abuja.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Rose and Maloney", "paragraph_text": "Rose and Maloney is a British television crime drama series, produced by All3 Media, and broadcast on ITV1 between 29 September 2002 and 26 September 2005. The series stars Sarah Lancashire and Phil Davis as the principal characters, Rose Linden and Marion Maloney, who are investigators working for the fictional Criminal Justice Review Agency, who take on claims of miscarriages of justice, assessing whether there are grounds to reopen old cases. Rose Linden is portrayed as strong-willed and sometimes reckless; a woman who likes to follow her instincts and play hunches, who often comes into conflict with authority. Marion Maloney, although Rose's superior, usually allows himself to be led by his more passionate colleague. Maloney is by-the-book and a little grey, and he finds working with Rose dangerous but addictively exciting.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Cribb", "paragraph_text": "Adapted from Peter Lovesey's Sergeant Cribb historical mystery novels and set in Victorian London around the time of the Jack the Ripper murders in 1888, Alan Dobie starred as the tough Detective Sergeant who worked for the newly formed Criminal Investigation Department (CID), determined to remove crime from the streets of London using the latest detection methods.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases", "paragraph_text": "NIH is the primary federal agency that conducts and supports basic, clinical and translational medical research. The institute investigates the prevention, diagnosis, causes, treatments and cures (PDCTC) for both common and rare diseases.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Millennium (TV series)", "paragraph_text": "Millennium (stylized as ) is an American television series created by Chris Carter (creator of \"The X-Files\"), which aired on Fox between 1996 and 1999. The series follows the investigations of ex-FBI agent Frank Black (Lance Henriksen), now a consultant, with the ability to see inside the minds of criminals, working for a mysterious organization known as the Millennium Group.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Forensic science", "paragraph_text": "Handbook for Coroners, police officials, military policemen was written by the Austrian criminal jurist Hans Gross in 1893, and is generally acknowledged as the birth of the field of criminalistics. The work combined in one system fields of knowledge that had not been previously integrated, such as psychology and physical science, and which could be successfully used against crime. Gross adapted some fields to the needs of criminal investigation, such as crime scene photography. He went on to found the Institute of Criminalistics in 1912, as part of the University of Graz 'Law School. This Institute was followed by many similar institutes all over the world.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Winston M. Scott", "paragraph_text": "Winston Mackinley Scott (1909 – 26 April 1971) was a Central Intelligence Agency officer who served as Mexico City station chief from 1956 to 1969, having joined the Office of Strategic Services in 1943 from the Federal Bureau of Investigation.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 137037, "question": "Which place is From the Rough in?", "answer": "Tennessee", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 31355, "question": "What is the acronym for #1 's statewide criminal investigation agency?", "answer": "TBI", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Dry Tortugas National Park", "paragraph_text": "Dry Tortugas National Park is a national park in the United States about west of Key West in the Gulf of Mexico. The park preserves Fort Jefferson and the seven Dry Tortugas islands, the westernmost and most isolated of the Florida Keys. The archipelago's coral reefs are the least disturbed of the Florida Keys reefs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Marshall Islands", "paragraph_text": "The climate is hot and humid, with a wet season from May to November. Many Pacific typhoons begin as tropical storms in the Marshall Islands region, and grow stronger as they move west toward the Mariana Islands and the Philippines.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Perdido Bay", "paragraph_text": "Perdido Bay is a bay at the mouth of and draining the Perdido River, a designated Outstanding Florida Waters river, in Baldwin County, Alabama and Escambia County, Florida, United States. It is essentially a coastal lagoon enclosed by barrier islands, with an inlet, Perdido Pass.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Tropical Storm Debby (2012)", "paragraph_text": "Tropical Storm Debby caused extensive flooding in North Florida and Central Florida during late June 2012. The fourth tropical cyclone and named storm of the 2012 Atlantic hurricane season, Debby developed from a trough of low pressure in the central Gulf of Mexico on June 23. The formation of Debby marked the earliest formation on record of the fourth named storm within the Atlantic basin until this record was beaten by Tropical Storm Danielle in 2016. Despite a projected track toward landfall in Louisiana or Texas, the storm headed the opposite direction, moving slowly north-northeast and northeastward. The storm slowly strengthened, and at 1800 UTC on June 25, attained its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 65 mph (100 km/h). Dry air, westerly wind shear, and upwelling of cold waters prevented further intensification over the next 24 hours. Instead, Debby weakened, and by late on June 26, it was a minimal tropical storm. At 2100 UTC, the storm made landfall near Steinhatchee, Florida with winds of 40 mph (65 km/h). Once inland, the system continued to weaken while crossing Florida, and dissipated shortly after emerging into the Atlantic on June 27.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "The Barefoot Mailman", "paragraph_text": "The Barefoot Mailman is a comedy-adventure film starring Robert Cummings and distributed by Columbia Pictures in 1951. The film was based on the 1943 novel \"The Barefoot Mailman\" by Theodore Pratt. Filmed in Super Cinecolor on location in Florida where the events take place, it features many elements of the Western.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Green sea turtle", "paragraph_text": "The range of the green sea turtle extends throughout tropical and subtropical oceans worldwide. The two major subpopulations are the Atlantic and the eastern Pacific subpopulations. Each population is genetically distinct, with its own set of nesting and feeding grounds within the population's known range. One of the genetic differences between the two subpopulations is the type of mitochondrial DNA found in individual's cells. Individuals from rookeries in the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea have a similar type of mitochondrial DNA, and individuals from The Pacific and Atlantic Oceans have another type of Mitochondrial DNA. Their native range includes tropical to subtropical waters along continental coasts and islands between 30 ° N and 30 ° S. Since green sea turtles are a migrating species, their global distribution spans into the open ocean. The differences in mitochondrial DNA more than likely stems from the populations being isolated from each other by the southern tips of both South America and Africa with no warm waters for the green sea turtles to migrate through. The green sea turtle is estimated to inhabit coastal areas of more than 140 countries, with nesting sites in over 80 countries worldwide throughout the year. In the United States Atlantic coast, green sea turtles can be found from Texas and north to Massachusetts. In the United States Pacific coast, they have been found from southern California north to the southernmost tip of Alaska. The largest populations of green sea turtles within the United States coastline are in the Hawaiian Islands and Florida. Globally, the largest populations of sea turtles are in the Great Barrier Reef in Australia and the Caribbean islands.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Patricia Maldonado (swimmer)", "paragraph_text": "Patricia Maldonado (born November 15, 1991) is a long-distance and open water swimmer from Venezuela. She has swum for Venezuela at the:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Marail guan", "paragraph_text": "The Marail guan (\"Penelope marail\") is a species of bird in the family Cracidae. It is found in Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Tropical Storm Bret (1993)", "paragraph_text": "Tropical Storm Bret was the deadliest natural disaster in Venezuela since the 1967 Caracas earthquake. The third tropical cyclone of 1993 Atlantic hurricane season, Bret formed on August 4 from a westward-moving, African tropical wave. Bret would later peak as a 60 mph (95 km/h) tropical storm as it neared Trinidad. It took an extremely southerly course through the Caribbean, passing over the coasts of Venezuela and Colombia. High terrain in the northern parts of those countries severely disrupted the circulation of the storm, and Bret had weakened to a tropical depression before emerging over the extreme southwestern Caribbean Sea. There, it restrengthened to a tropical storm and made landfall in Nicaragua on August 10, dissipating soon after. Bret's remnants reached the Pacific Ocean, where they ultimately became Hurricane Greg.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Tuvalu", "paragraph_text": "Because of the low elevation, the islands that make up this nation are vulnerable to the effects of tropical cyclones and by the threat of current and future sea level rise. The highest elevation is 4.6 metres (15 ft) above sea level on Niulakita, which gives Tuvalu the second-lowest maximum elevation of any country (after the Maldives). The highest elevations are typically in narrow storm dunes on the ocean side of the islands which are prone to overtopping in tropical cyclones, as occurred with Cyclone Bebe, which was a very early-season storm that passed through the Tuvaluan atolls in October 1972. Cyclone Bebe submerged Funafuti, eliminating 90% of structures on the island. Sources of drinking water were contaminated as a result of the system's storm surge and the flooding of the sources of fresh water.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Trevor Wyatt", "paragraph_text": "Wyatt was Chris Blackwell's first employee at Island Records London. Trevor drove the Island cab, delivering records to the stores as well as taking the artists around when they came to town. As Island grew, Trevor became the studio manager, UK A&R manager, and house producer, first in Island's Basing Street Studios and then at Island's HQ at St Peter's Square in Hammersmith. As such, he became a source of knowledge on who had recorded what in the studio and where their sessions could be found. Many compilations on the Island label existed purely because Trevor found material in the archives and brought it to the appropriate label manager's attention. He was responsible for the Island Reggae Greats series of releases, and also found many alternate takes and demos for box sets by Nick Drake and Sandy Denny.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "The Groomsmen", "paragraph_text": "The Groomsmen is a 2006 comedy film written and directed by Edward Burns. It opened in New York City and Los Angeles on July 14, 2006. Filming took place at many locations on City Island, New York.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "List of Florida hurricanes (2000–present)", "paragraph_text": "June 21 -- 22 - Tropical Storm Cindy brought floods in Florida Panhandle and a EF0 tornado was reported in Fort Walton Beach July 31 - Tropical Storm Emily made landfall in Florida with winds of 45 mph (75 km / h). Emily also brought heavy rain to the state September 10 -- 11 - Hurricane Irma makes landfall on Cudjoe Key as a Category 4 hurricane with sustained winds of 130 mph (215 km / h), then makes a second landfall on Marco Island with winds of 115 mph (185 km / h). It is the strongest hurricane in terms of windspeed to hit the state since Charley in 2004, and the most intense in terms of pressure since Andrew in 1992. Irma has killed at least 82 people in the state. October 29 -- Tropical Storm Philippe makes landfall in the Everglades, causing minimal damage. Moderate rainfall was reported.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Bunaken National Park", "paragraph_text": "Bunaken National Park is a marine park in the north of Sulawesi island, Indonesia. The park is located near the centre of the Coral Triangle, providing habitat to 390 species of coral as well as many fish, mollusc, reptile and marine mammal species. The Park is representative of Indonesian tropical water ecosystems, consisting of seagrass plain, coral reef, and coastal ecosystems.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Hurricane Pauline", "paragraph_text": "The floodwaters from the hurricane combined with raw sewage in many poor areas of southwestern Mexico, leading to a widespread threat for a spread of tropical diseases. As a result, government health workers opened vaccination centers in several cities along the Guerrero and Oaxaca coasts. Thousands were inoculated for typhoid fever and tetanus. Officials noted a potential threat for dengue and cholera as a result of the spoiled water. Health workers also stated mosquitos possessing malaria and dengue fever were likely to breed in large areas of leftover water. In Acapulco, about two days after the hurricane passed, the first day of sun in a week evaporated the areas of leftover water, spreading dust across the region with the deadly diseases. Residents were warned to boil their food and water for 30 minutes due to the threat for contamination by the dust. At least twenty cases of cholera and at least six cases of dengue fever were reported. Most significantly, there were 14,630 cases of malaria in 616 villages in Oaxaca due to Pauline; this represented about 80% of the malaria cases in Mexico during 1998. Army soldiers distributed chlorine tablets to disinfect water pools and wheelbarrows to remove rotting mud and sewage from their damaged homes. Two C-130 Hercules planes and twenty helicopters airlifted food and water to smaller villages south of Acapulco that were stranded for nearly a week after the hurricane.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Caribbean Sea", "paragraph_text": "Rainfall varies with elevation, size and water currents (cool upwelling keep the ABC islands arid). Warm, moist trade winds blow consistently from the east, creating both rain forest and semi arid climates across the region. The tropical rainforest climates include lowland areas near the Caribbean Sea from Costa Rica north to Belize, as well as the Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico, while the more seasonal dry tropical savanna climates are found in Cuba, northern Venezuela, and southern Yucatán, Mexico. Arid climates are found along the extreme southern coast of Venezuela out to the islands including Aruba and Curacao, as well as the northern tip of YucatánTropical cyclones are a threat to the nations that rim the Caribbean Sea. While landfalls are infrequent, the resulting loss of life and property damage makes them significant hazard to life in the Caribbean. Tropical cyclones that impact the Caribbean often develop off the West coast of Africa and make their way west across the Atlantic Ocean toward the Caribbean, while other storms develop in the Caribbean itself. The Caribbean hurricane season as a whole lasts from June through November, with the majority of hurricanes occurring during August and September. On average around 9 tropical storms form each year, with 5 reaching hurricane strength. According to the National Hurricane Center 385 hurricanes occurred in the Caribbean between 1494 and 1900.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "2004 Atlantic hurricane season", "paragraph_text": "There are four notables storms: Hurricane Charley, that made landfall in Florida as a Category 4 hurricane on the Saffir -- Simpson hurricane wind scale (SSHWS), causing $15.1 billion in damage in the United States alone. Later in August, Hurricane Frances struck the Bahamas and Florida, causing at least 49 deaths and $9.5 billion in damage. The most intense storm, and the one that caused the most damage, was Hurricane Ivan. It was a Category 5 hurricane that devastated multiple countries adjacent to the Caribbean Sea, before entering the Gulf of Mexico and causing catastrophic destruction on the Gulf Coast of the United States, especially Alabama and Florida. Throughout the countries it passed through, Ivan left 129 fatalities and over $23.33 billion in damage. The most significant tropical cyclone in terms of deaths was Hurricane Jeanne. In Haiti, torrential rainfall in the mountainous areas resulted in mudslides and severe flooding, causing at least 3,006 fatalities. Jeanne also struck Florida, inflicting extensive destruction. Overall, the storm caused at least $8.1 billion in damage and 3,042 deaths.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Skull Island: Reign of Kong", "paragraph_text": "Skull Island: Reign of Kong is a ride at the Islands of Adventure theme park at Universal Orlando in Florida. It began soft openings on June 9, 2016 and officially opened on July 13, 2016.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Climate of Florida", "paragraph_text": "The climate of the north and central parts of the US state of Florida is humid subtropical. South Florida has a tropical climate. There is a defined rainy season from May through October, when air mass thundershowers that build in the heat of the day drop heavy but brief summer rainfall. Late summer and early fall bring decaying tropical lows (and occasionally landfalling tropical cyclones) that contribute to late summer and early fall rains.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Open Water (film)", "paragraph_text": "Open Water is a 2003 American survival horror - thriller film. The story concerns an American couple who go scuba diving while on vacation in the Caribbean, only to find themselves stranded miles from shore in shark - infested waters when the crew of their boat accidentally leaves them behind. The film is loosely based on the true story of Tom and Eileen Lonergan, who in 1998 went out with a scuba diving group, Outer Edge Dive Company, on the Great Barrier Reef, and were accidentally left behind because the dive - boat crew failed to take an accurate headcount. The film was financed by the husband and wife team of writer / director Chris Kentis and producer Laura Lau, both avid scuba divers. It cost $120,000 to make and was bought by Lions Gate Entertainment for $2.5 million after its screening at the Sundance Film Festival. Lions Gate spent a further $8 million on distribution and marketing. The film ultimately grossed $55 million worldwide (including $30 million from the North American box office alone).", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 73534, "question": "where did the movie open water take place", "answer": "Caribbean", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 }, { "id": 62655, "question": "at least how many tropical islands are found in the #1 between florida and venezuela ​", "answer": "more than 700", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "John Shostak", "paragraph_text": "John Shostak (d. January 27, 1971) was a Republican member of the Connecticut House of Representatives from Norwalk, Connecticut for four terms, and the mayor of Norwalk from 1959 to 1961.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "The Blues Brothers (film)", "paragraph_text": "Much of the film was shot on location in and around Chicago between July and October 1979, including Wauconda, Illinois, where the car crashes into the side of Route 12. Made with the cooperation of Mayor Jane M. Byrne, it is credited for putting Chicago on the map as a venue for filmmaking. Nearly 200 movies have been filmed in Chicago. ``Chicago is one of the stars of the movie. We wrote it as a tribute, ''Dan Aykroyd told the Chicago Sun - Times in an article written to mark the film's 25th - anniversary DVD release.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Macit Özcan", "paragraph_text": "Macit Özcan, (born 1954 in Karataş, Adana Province, Turkey) is a Turkish politician of the Republican People's Party (CHP) and the former mayor of Mersin.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "The Garbage Pail Kids Movie", "paragraph_text": "The Garbage Pail Kids Movie is a 1987 American live-action film adaptation of the then-popular children's trading cards series of the same name produced, directed, and co-written by Rod Amateau. It is the last film to be directed by Amateau before he retired in 1989.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Jean-Paul Fournier", "paragraph_text": "Jean-Paul Fournier (born 16 October 1945 in Génolhac) is a French politician and a member of the Senate of France and mayor of Nîmes. He represents the Gard department and is a member of The Republicans Party.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Antoine Rufenacht", "paragraph_text": "Antoine Rufenacht (born 11 May 1939 in Le Havre) is a French right-wing (The Republicans) politician and former mayor of Le Havre.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Eugene P. Ruehlmann", "paragraph_text": "Born in Cincinnati, Ohio, Ruehlmann served in the United States Marine Corps during World War II. Ruehlmann then received his bachelor's degree from the University of Cincinnati and his law degree from Harvard Law School. He then practiced law. In 1959, Ruehlmann was elected to the Cincinnati City Council and then served as Mayor of Cincinnati from 1967 to 1971. During his tenure as mayor he oversaw the building of Riverfront Stadium and helped bring the Cincinnati Bengals to the city. He also made significant efforts to reach out to African American communities in the wake of race riots in 1967. He was a member of the Republican Party. He died in Cincinnati, Ohio.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "The In-Laws (2003 film)", "paragraph_text": "The In - Laws is a 2003 American comedy film starring Michael Douglas, Albert Brooks, Candice Bergen, Robin Tunney, Maria Ricossa, Lindsay Sloane and Ryan Reynolds. The film is a remake of the original 1979 cult classic of the same name. Scenes for the 2003 film were shot on location in Chicago. The film was a box office failure and received negative reviews.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 8, "title": "The Kurnell Story", "paragraph_text": "The Kurnell Story is a 1957 industrial film directed by Ken G. Hall about the construction of the Kurnell Oil Refinery in Sydney. It was Hall's last movie.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "San Diego", "paragraph_text": "The members of the city council are each elected from single member districts within the city. The mayor and city attorney are elected directly by the voters of the entire city. The mayor, city attorney, and council members are elected to four-year terms, with a two-term limit. Elections are held on a non-partisan basis per California state law; nevertheless, most officeholders do identify themselves as either Democrats or Republicans. In 2007, registered Democrats outnumbered Republicans by about 7 to 6 in the city, and Democrats currently (as of 2015[update]) hold a 5-4 majority in the city council. The current mayor, Kevin Faulconer, is a Republican.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Finger Prints (serial)", "paragraph_text": "Finger Prints is a 1931 American Pre-Code Universal movie serial. It is considered to be a lost film. (This was the last Universal serial with only ten chapters.)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "William Hale Thompson", "paragraph_text": "William Hale Thompson (May 14, 1869 -- March 19, 1944) was an American politician, mayor of Chicago for three terms, from 1915 to 1923 and again from 1927 to 1931. Known as ``Big Bill ''Thompson, he is the last Republican to have served as mayor of Chicago to date. Historians rank Thompson among the most unethical mayors in American history, mainly for his open alliance with Al Capone. However, others recognize the effectiveness of his political methods and publicity - oriented campaigning, acknowledging him as a`` Political Chameleon'' and an effective political machine. TIME magazine said in 1931, ``chief credit for creating 20th Century Politics Chicago Style ''should go to William Thompson.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Raeanne Presley", "paragraph_text": "Raeanne Presley is an American politician of the Republican Party, having served four terms as Mayor of Branson, Missouri. Presley had previously served as an alderman in Branson, and had lost an election for mayor to Lou Schaeffer in the mid-1990s. She was defeated for re-election in 2015 by the current mayor, Karen Best.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Lunch Wagon", "paragraph_text": "The film was directed by Ernest Pintoff and written by Marshall Harvey and Terrie Frankel and Leon Phillips. Mayor Bradley declared \"Lunch Wagon Day\" for the opening, and there was a parade of over 80 Lunch Wagons down Hollywood Boulevard. The film was very popular with teens and was the largest grossing independent movie of 1981.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "The Lightning Warrior", "paragraph_text": "The Lightning Warrior is a 1931 American Pre-Code Mascot movie serial starring Rin Tin Tin in his last role. It is regarded as one of the better Mascot serials. A number of the production's outdoor action sequences were filmed on the rocky Iverson Movie Ranch in Chatsworth, California, known for its huge sandstone boulders and widely recognized as the most heavily filmed outdoor shooting location in the history of the movies.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Common Law Cabin", "paragraph_text": "Common Law Cabin (original title \"How Much Loving Does a Normal Couple Need?\") is a 1967 exploitation film directed by Russ Meyer. The movie features Alaina Capri and Meyer regulars Babette Bardot and Jack Moran.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Dorilus Morrison", "paragraph_text": "Dorilus Morrison (December 27, 1814 – June 26, 1897) was a banker, businessman, and Republican politician who lived in the US state of Minnesota. He was the first and third mayor of Minneapolis.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Prescott Metcalf", "paragraph_text": "Prescott Metcalf (January 25, 1813 – October 14, 1891) was a prominent businessman and the 8th mayor of Erie, Pennsylvania. He was one of the first Republican mayors of Erie, Pennsylvania, a post he held from 1862 to 1864.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Supreme Court of Illinois", "paragraph_text": "Name Party Joined Term Ends District Law school attended Anne M. Burke Democratic 2006 2018 1st Chicago - Kent College of Law Mary Jane Theis Democratic 2022 1st University of San Francisco P. Scott Neville Jr. Democratic 2018 2020 1st Washington University School of Law Robert R. Thomas Republican 2000 2020 2nd Loyola University Chicago School of Law Thomas L. Kilbride Democratic 2000 2020 3rd Antioch School of Law Rita B. Garman Republican 2022 4th University of Iowa College of Law Lloyd A. Karmeier (Chief Justice) Republican 2024 5th University of Illinois College of Law", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Connie McCready", "paragraph_text": "Constance \"Connie\" McCready (born Constance Averill, August 20, 1921 – December 22, 2000), was a journalist and politician from Portland, Oregon, in the United States. She held several elected offices in Oregon during her career, including the Oregon House of Representatives, the Portland City Council, and culminating with a partial term as Portland's mayor. To date, McCready remains the last Republican to serve as mayor of the city.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 71780, "question": "where was the movie the in laws filmed", "answer": "Chicago", "paragraph_support_idx": 7 }, { "id": 72045, "question": "who was the last republican mayor in #1", "answer": "William Hale Thompson", "paragraph_support_idx": 11 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Modern history", "paragraph_text": "Engineering achievements of the revolution ranged from electrification to developments in materials science. The advancements made a great contribution to the quality of life. In the first revolution, Lewis Paul was the original inventor of roller spinning, the basis of the water frame for spinning cotton in a cotton mill. Matthew Boulton and James Watt's improvements to the steam engine were fundamental to the changes brought by the Industrial Revolution in both the Kingdom of Great Britain and the world.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Cotton", "paragraph_text": "Current estimates for world production are about 25 million tonnes or 110 million bales annually, accounting for 2.5% of the world's arable land. China is the world's largest producer of cotton, but most of this is used domestically. The United States has been the largest exporter for many years. In the United States, cotton is usually measured in bales, which measure approximately 0.48 cubic meters (17 cubic feet) and weigh 226.8 kilograms (500 pounds).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Cotton production in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Texas produces more cotton than any other state in the United States. With eight production regions around Texas, and only four geographic regions, it is the state's leading cash crop. Texas produces approximately 25% of the country's cotton crop on more than 6 million acres, the equivalent of over 9,000 square miles (23,000 km) of cotton fields. Texas Cotton Producers includes nine certified cotton grower organizations; it addresses national and statewide cotton grower issues, such as the national farm bill and environmental legislation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Cotton", "paragraph_text": "The largest producers of cotton, currently (2009), are China and India, with annual production of about 34 million bales and 33.4 million bales, respectively; most of this production is consumed by their respective textile industries. The largest exporters of raw cotton are the United States, with sales of $4.9 billion, and Africa, with sales of $2.1 billion. The total international trade is estimated to be $12 billion. Africa's share of the cotton trade has doubled since 1980. Neither area has a significant domestic textile industry, textile manufacturing having moved to developing nations in Eastern and South Asia such as India and China. In Africa, cotton is grown by numerous small holders. Dunavant Enterprises, based in Memphis, Tennessee, is the leading cotton broker in Africa, with hundreds of purchasing agents. It operates cotton gins in Uganda, Mozambique, and Zambia. In Zambia, it often offers loans for seed and expenses to the 180,000 small farmers who grow cotton for it, as well as advice on farming methods. Cargill also purchases cotton in Africa for export.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Cotton", "paragraph_text": "Historically, in North America, one of the most economically destructive pests in cotton production has been the boll weevil. Due to the US Department of Agriculture's highly successful Boll Weevil Eradication Program (BWEP), this pest has been eliminated from cotton in most of the United States. This program, along with the introduction of genetically engineered Bt cotton (which contains a bacterial gene that codes for a plant-produced protein that is toxic to a number of pests such as cotton bollworm and pink bollworm), has allowed a reduction in the use of synthetic insecticides.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Cotton", "paragraph_text": "Beginning as a self-help program in the mid-1960s, the Cotton Research and Promotion Program (CRPP) was organized by U.S. cotton producers in response to cotton's steady decline in market share. At that time, producers voted to set up a per-bale assessment system to fund the program, with built-in safeguards to protect their investments. With the passage of the Cotton Research and Promotion Act of 1966, the program joined forces and began battling synthetic competitors and re-establishing markets for cotton. Today, the success of this program has made cotton the best-selling fiber in the U.S. and one of the best-selling fibers in the world.[citation needed]", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "I've Got the World on a String", "paragraph_text": "``I've Got The World on a String ''is a 1932 popular jazz song composed by Harold Arlen, with lyrics written by Ted Koehler. It was written for the twenty - first edition of the Cotton Club series which opened on October 23, 1932, the first of the Cotton Club Parades.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "The Great Day of His Wrath", "paragraph_text": "The End of the World, commonly known as The Great Day of His Wrath, is an 1851–1853 oil painting on canvas by the English painter John Martin.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Cotton", "paragraph_text": "The advent of the Industrial Revolution in Britain provided a great boost to cotton manufacture, as textiles emerged as Britain's leading export. In 1738, Lewis Paul and John Wyatt, of Birmingham, England, patented the roller spinning machine, as well as the flyer-and-bobbin system for drawing cotton to a more even thickness using two sets of rollers that traveled at different speeds. Later, the invention of the James Hargreaves' spinning jenny in 1764, Richard Arkwright's spinning frame in 1769 and Samuel Crompton's spinning mule in 1775 enabled British spinners to produce cotton yarn at much higher rates. From the late 18th century on, the British city of Manchester acquired the nickname \"Cottonopolis\" due to the cotton industry's omnipresence within the city, and Manchester's role as the heart of the global cotton trade.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Cotton", "paragraph_text": "Though known since antiquity the commercial growing of cotton in Egypt only started in 1820's, following a Frenchman, by the name of M. Jumel, propositioning the then ruler, Mohamed Ali Pasha, that he could earn a substantial income by growing an extra-long staple Maho (Barbadence) cotton, in Lower Egypt, for the French market. Mohamed Ali Pasha accepted the proposition and granted himself the monopoly on the sale and export of cotton in Egypt; and later dictated cotton should be grown in preference to other crops. By the time of the American Civil war annual exports had reached $16 million (120,000 bales), which rose to $56 million by 1864, primarily due to the loss of the Confederate supply on the world market. Exports continued to grow even after the reintroduction of US cotton, produced now by a paid workforce, and Egyptian exports reached 1.2 million bales a year by 1903.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Cotton", "paragraph_text": "Organic cotton is generally understood as cotton from plants not genetically modified and that is certified to be grown without the use of any synthetic agricultural chemicals, such as fertilizers or pesticides. Its production also promotes and enhances biodiversity and biological cycles. In the United States, organic cotton plantations are required to enforce the National Organic Program (NOP). This institution determines the allowed practices for pest control, growing, fertilizing, and handling of organic crops. As of 2007, 265,517 bales of organic cotton were produced in 24 countries, and worldwide production was growing at a rate of more than 50% per year.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Paraúna", "paragraph_text": "Paraúna is a municipality in southwestern Goiás state, Brazil. It has strange rock formations and is a large producer of cotton and soybeans.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Calico Acts", "paragraph_text": "The Calico Acts (1700, 1721) banned the import of most cotton textiles into England, followed by the restriction of sale of most cotton textiles. It was a form of economic protectionism, largely in response to India (particularly Bengal), which dominated world cotton textile markets at the time. The Acts were a precursor to the Industrial Revolution, when Britain eventually surpassed India as the world's leading textile manufacturer in the 19th century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Modern history", "paragraph_text": "Worldwide prosperity changed dramatically with the onset of the Great Depression in 1929. The Wall Street Crash of 1929 served to punctuate the end of the previous era, as The Great Depression set in. The Great Depression was a worldwide economic downturn starting in most places in 1929 and ending at different times in the 1930s or early 1940s for different countries. It was the largest and most important economic depression in the 20th century, and is used in the 21st century as an example of how far the world's economy can fall.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Cotton", "paragraph_text": "During the late medieval period, cotton became known as an imported fiber in northern Europe, without any knowledge of how it was derived, other than that it was a plant. Because Herodotus had written in his Histories, Book III, 106, that in India trees grew in the wild producing wool, it was assumed that the plant was a tree, rather than a shrub. This aspect is retained in the name for cotton in several Germanic languages, such as German Baumwolle, which translates as \"tree wool\" (Baum means \"tree\"; Wolle means \"wool\"). Noting its similarities to wool, people in the region could only imagine that cotton must be produced by plant-borne sheep. John Mandeville, writing in 1350, stated as fact the now-preposterous belief: \"There grew there [India] a wonderful tree which bore tiny lambs on the endes of its branches. These branches were so pliable that they bent down to allow the lambs to feed when they are hungrie [sic].\" (See Vegetable Lamb of Tartary.) By the end of the 16th century, cotton was cultivated throughout the warmer regions in Asia and the Americas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Cotton picker", "paragraph_text": "Cotton picking was originally done by hand. In many societies, like America, slave and serf labor was utilized to pick the cotton, increasing the plantation owner's profit margins (See Trans - Atlantic Slave Trade). The first practical cotton picker was invented over a period of years beginning in the late 1920s by John Daniel Rust (1892 -- 1954) with the later help of his brother Mack Rust. Other inventors had tried designs with a barbed spindle to twist cotton fibers onto the spindle and then pull the cotton from the boll, but these early designs were impractical because the spindle became clogged with cotton. Rust determined that a smooth, moist spindle could be used to strip the fibers from the boll without trapping them in the machinery. In 1933 John Rust received his first patent, and eventually, he and his brother owned forty - seven patents on cotton picking machinery. However, during the Great Depression it was difficult to obtain financing to develop their inventions.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Cotton gin", "paragraph_text": "The invention of the cotton gin caused massive growth in the production of cotton in the United States, concentrated mostly in the South. Cotton production expanded from 750,000 bales in 1830 to 2.85 million bales in 1850. As a result, the region became even more dependent on plantations and slavery, with plantation agriculture becoming the largest sector of its economy. While it took a single slave about ten hours to separate a single pound of fiber from the seeds, a team of two or three slaves using a cotton gin could produce around fifty pounds of cotton in just one day. The number of slaves rose in concert with the increase in cotton production, increasing from around 700,000 in 1790 to around 3.2 million in 1850. By 1860, black slave labor from the American South was providing two - thirds of the world's supply of cotton, and up to 80% of the crucial British market. The cotton gin thus ``transformed cotton as a crop and the American South into the globe's first agricultural powerhouse ''.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Cotton", "paragraph_text": "GM cotton acreage in India grew at a rapid rate, increasing from 50,000 hectares in 2002 to 10.6 million hectares in 2011. The total cotton area in India was 12.1 million hectares in 2011, so GM cotton was grown on 88% of the cotton area. This made India the country with the largest area of GM cotton in the world. A long-term study on the economic impacts of Bt cotton in India, published in the Journal PNAS in 2012, showed that Bt cotton has increased yields, profits, and living standards of smallholder farmers. The U.S. GM cotton crop was 4.0 million hectares in 2011 the second largest area in the world, the Chinese GM cotton crop was third largest by area with 3.9 million hectares and Pakistan had the fourth largest GM cotton crop area of 2.6 million hectares in 2011. The initial introduction of GM cotton proved to be a success in Australia – the yields were equivalent to the non-transgenic varieties and the crop used much less pesticide to produce (85% reduction). The subsequent introduction of a second variety of GM cotton led to increases in GM cotton production until 95% of the Australian cotton crop was GM in 2009 making Australia the country with the fifth largest GM cotton crop in the world. Other GM cotton growing countries in 2011 were Argentina, Myanmar, Burkina Faso, Brazil, Mexico, Colombia, South Africa and Costa Rica.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "History of Jerusalem", "paragraph_text": "In 66 CE, the Jewish population rebelled against the Roman Empire in what is now known as the First Jewish -- Roman War or Great Revolt. Roman legions under future emperor Titus reconquered and subsequently destroyed much of Jerusalem in 70 CE. Also the Second Temple was burnt and all that remained was the great external (retaining) walls supporting the esplanade on which the Temple had stood, a portion of which has become known as the Western Wall. Titus' victory is commemorated by the Arch of Titus in Rome. Agrippa II died c. 94 CE, which brought the Herodian dynasty to an end almost thirty years after the destruction of the Second Temple. After the end of this revolt, Jews continued to live in Jerusalem in significant numbers, and were allowed to practice their religion, only if they paid the Jewish Tax.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "A Cotton Office in New Orleans", "paragraph_text": "A Cotton Office in New Orleans is an 1873 oil painting by Edgar Degas. In it, Degas depicts his uncle Michel Musson's cotton brokerage business (which several years later went bankrupt in an economic crash, according to Michael McMahon of the \"Pittsburgh Post-Gazette\" when the firm was swamped by the postwar growth of the much larger Cotton Exchange). In the painting, Musson is seen examining raw cotton for its quality while Degas' brother Rene reads \"The Daily Picayune\". Another brother, Achille, rests against a window wall at left while others, including Musson's partners, go about their business.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 58624, "question": "who produces the most cotton in the world", "answer": "China", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 }, { "id": 91941, "question": "where does the great wall of #1 end", "answer": "Lop Lake in the west", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Pieter van den Broecke", "paragraph_text": "Pieter van den Broecke (25 February 1585, Antwerp – 1 December 1640, Strait of Malacca) was a Dutch cloth merchant in the service of the Dutch East India Company (VOC), and one of the first Dutchmen to taste coffee. He also went to Angola three times. He was one of the first Europeans to describe societies in West and Central Africa and in detail trade strategies along the African coast.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Nelson Mandela", "paragraph_text": "Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (/ mænˈdɛlə /; 18 July 1918 -- 5 December 2013) was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, political leader, and philanthropist, who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999. He was the country's first black head of state and the first elected in a fully representative democratic election. His government focused on dismantling the legacy of apartheid by tackling institutionalised racism and fostering racial reconciliation. Ideologically an African nationalist and socialist, he served as President of the African National Congress (ANC) party from 1991 to 1997.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Belarus", "paragraph_text": "The name \"Rus\" is often conflated with its Latin forms \"Russia\" and \"Ruthenia\", thus Belarus is often referred to as \"White Russia\" or \"White Ruthenia\". The name first appeared in German and Latin medieval literature; the chronicles of Jan of Czarnków mention the imprisonment of Lithuanian grand duke Jogaila and his mother at \"\" in 1381. In some languages, including German, Afrikaans and Dutch, the country is generally called \"White Russia\" to this day (' and ' respectively).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Nigeria", "paragraph_text": "According to the International Organization for Migration, Nigeria witnessed a dramatic increase in remittances sent home from overseas Nigerians, going from USD 2.3 billion in 2004 to 17.9 billion in 2007. The United States accounts for the largest portion of official remittances, followed by the United Kingdom, Italy, Canada, Spain and France. On the African continent, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Chad, Libya and South Africa are important source countries of remittance flows to Nigeria, while China is the biggest remittance-sending country in Asia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "BRICS", "paragraph_text": "In 2010, South Africa began efforts to join the BRIC grouping, and the process for its formal admission began in August of that year. South Africa officially became a member nation on 24 December 2010, after being formally invited by China to join and subsequently accepted by other BRIC countries. The group was renamed BRICS – with the \"S\" standing for South Africa – to reflect the group's expanded membership. In April 2011, the President of South Africa, Jacob Zuma, attended the 2011 BRICS summit in Sanya, China, as a full member.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 5, "title": "History of South Africa", "paragraph_text": "The establishment of the staging post by the Dutch East India Company at the Cape in 1652 soon brought the Khoikhoi into conflict with Dutch settlers over land ownership. Cattle rustling and livestock theft ensued, with the Khoikhoi being ultimately expelled from the peninsula by force, after a succession of wars. The first Khoikhoi - Dutch War broke out in 1659, the second in 1673, and the third 1674 -- 1677. By the time of their defeat and expulsion from the Cape Peninsula and surrounding districts, the Khoikhoi population was decimated by a smallpox epidemic, against which the Khoikhoi had no natural resistance or indigenous medicines. The disease had been brought to the Cape by Dutch sailors.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Namibia", "paragraph_text": "Compared to neighbouring countries, Namibia has a large degree of media freedom. Over the past years, the country usually ranked in the upper quarter of the Press Freedom Index of Reporters without Borders, reaching position 21 in 2010, being on par with Canada and the best-positioned African country. The African Media Barometer shows similarly positive results.[citation needed] However, as in other countries, there is still mentionable influence of representatives of state and economy on media in Namibia. In 2009, Namibia dropped to position 36 on the Press Freedom Index. In 2013, it was 19th. In 2014 it ranked 22nd", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Decolonisation of Africa", "paragraph_text": "On 6 March 1957, Ghana (formerly the Gold Coast) became the first sub-Saharan African country to gain its independence from European colonization in the twentieth century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Sander Westerveld", "paragraph_text": "Sander Westerveld (born 23 October 1974) is a Dutch former professional football goalkeeper who is the goalkeeping coach of South African Premier Soccer League club Ajax Cape Town.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "De vogels van Holland", "paragraph_text": "\"De vogels van Holland\" (\"The birds of Holland\") was the first Dutch entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1956 (the only edition of the contest at which two entries per country were allowed). It was written by Annie M. G. Schmidt and performed in Dutch by Jetty Paerl. The song is particularly significant for being the first song performed in Eurovision Song Contest history, and the first of many to sing the praises of the singer's homeland.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "The Craziest Thing", "paragraph_text": "\"The Craziest Thing\" is a song recorded by Canadian country music artist Rick Tippe. It was released in 1996 as the first single from his second studio album, \"Get Hot or Go Home\". It peaked at number 9 on the \"RPM\" Country Tracks chart in January 1997.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Kingdom of Butua", "paragraph_text": "The Kingdom of Butua or Butwa (c. 1450 - 1683) was a pre-colonial African state located in what is now southwestern Zimbabwe. Butua was renowned as the source of gold for Arab and Portuguese traders. The region was first mentioned in Portuguese records in 1512.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "New York City", "paragraph_text": "The first non-Native American inhabitant of what would eventually become New York City was Dominican trader Juan Rodriguez (transliterated to Dutch as Jan Rodrigues). Born in Santo Domingo of Portuguese and African descent, he arrived in Manhattan during the winter of 1613–1614, trapping for pelts and trading with the local population as a representative of the Dutch. Broadway, from 159th Street to 218th Street, is named Juan Rodriguez Way in his honor.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Krásna Hôrka Castle", "paragraph_text": "The Krásna Hôrka Castle (, ) is a castle in Slovakia, built on a hilltop overlooking the village of Krásnohorské Podhradie near Rožňava, in Košice Region. The first recorded mention of the castle was in 1333. In 1961 Krásna Hôrka was designated a National Cultural Monument of the Slovak Republic. It was said to be one of the country's best-preserved", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Willem Eduard Bok Jr.", "paragraph_text": "Willem Eduard Bok Jr., (1 January 1880 in Pretoria, South African Republic – 29 October 1956 in Pretoria, Union of South Africa) was a South African lawyer, statesman and judge of Dutch descent.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Decolonisation of Africa", "paragraph_text": "On May 6, 1957, Ghana (formerly Gold Coast) became the first sub-Saharan African country to gain its independence from European colonization in the twentieth century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "I've Got a Lovely Bunch of Coconuts", "paragraph_text": "The song appeared in I Could Go On Singing (1963), Judy Garland's last film. A portion of the song also appeared in Disney's 1994 The Lion King (sung by Rowan Atkinson). Nicolas Cage also sang part of this song in National Treasure: Book of Secrets. Ringo Starr sang an impromptu version of the song in Magical Mystery Tour, The Beatles' TV special broadcast by the BBC on 26 December 1967. Also, actors Hayden Rorke and Bill Daily performed a few lines of the song on ukulele in the 1969 I Dream of Jeannie episode ``Uncles a Go - Go. In the first episode of the 1977 sitcom Mind Your Language it is mentioned that a professor went crazy and sang this song.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Cape of Good Hope", "paragraph_text": "When following the western side of the African coastline from the equator, however, the Cape of Good Hope marks the point where a ship begins to travel more eastward than southward. Thus, the first modern rounding of the cape in 1488 by Portuguese explorer Bartolomeu Dias was a milestone in the attempts by the Portuguese to establish direct trade relations with the Far East (although Herodotus mentioned a claim that the Phoenicians had done so far earlier). Dias called the cape Cabo das Tormentas (``Cape of Storms ''; Dutch: Stormkaap), which was the original name of the`` Cape of Good Hope''.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "De mallemolen", "paragraph_text": "\"De mallemolen\" (\"The Merry-go-round\") was the Dutch entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1977, performed in Dutch by Heddy Lester. The song was composed by Lester's brother Frank Affolter, with lyrics by Wim Hogenkamp.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Laat me nu gaan", "paragraph_text": "\"Laat me nu gaan\" (\"Let Me Go Now\") was the Belgian entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1985, performed in Dutch by Linda Lepomme.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 159025, "question": "What African country is mentioned first?", "answer": "South Africa", "paragraph_support_idx": 4 }, { "id": 87065, "question": "when did the dutch go to #1", "answer": "1652", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Traces of Love", "paragraph_text": "Traces of Love is a 2006 South Korean film directed by Kim Dae-seung, and starring Yoo Ji-tae, Kim Ji-soo, and Uhm Ji-won. The film is based on the Sampoong Department Store collapse, which took place in 1995.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Powder keg of Europe", "paragraph_text": "The powder keg of Europe or Balkan powder keg was the Balkans in the early part of the 20th century preceding World War I. There were a number of overlapping claims to territories and spheres of influence between the major European powers such as the Russian Empire, the Austro - Hungarian Empire, the German Empire and, to a lesser degree, the Ottoman Empire, the United Kingdom and Kingdom of Italy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Auvergne", "paragraph_text": "The region of Auvergne was named after the Arverni, one of the most powerful Gallic tribes. It was composed of the Gabali, the Vellavi, and the Cadurci, whose sphere of influence included the regions of Languedoc and Aquitaine. Vercingetorix was elected king in 52 BC. His father, Celtillos, his predecessor, had been killed by his companions who opposed Celtillos' goal of making the title hereditary.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Culture of Vietnam", "paragraph_text": "The culture of Vietnam is one of the oldest in Southeast Asia, with the ancient Bronze age Đông Sơn culture being widely considered one of its most important progenitors. Due to a millennium of Chinese rule, Vietnam was heavily influenced by Chinese culture in terms of politics, government, Confucian social and moral ethics, and art. Vietnam is considered to be part of the East Asian cultural sphere.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Han dynasty", "paragraph_text": "When Empress Dowager Deng died, Emperor An (r. 106–125 AD) was convinced by the accusations of the eunuchs Li Run (李閏) and Jiang Jing (江京) that Deng and her family had planned to depose him. An dismissed Deng's clan members from office, exiled them and forced many to commit suicide. After An's death, his wife, Empress Dowager Yan (d. 126 AD) placed the child Marquess of Beixiang on the throne in an attempt to retain power within her family. However, palace eunuch Sun Cheng (d. 132 AD) masterminded a successful overthrow of her regime to enthrone Emperor Shun of Han (r. 125–144 AD). Yan was placed under house arrest, her relatives were either killed or exiled, and her eunuch allies were slaughtered. The regent Liang Ji (d. 159 AD), brother of Empress Liang Na (d. 150 AD), had the brother-in-law of Consort Deng Mengnü (later empress) (d. 165 AD) killed after Deng Mengnü resisted Liang Ji's attempts to control her. Afterward, Emperor Huan employed eunuchs to depose Liang Ji, who was then forced to commit suicide.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Emperor Yuan of Liang", "paragraph_text": "Emperor Yuan of Liang () (16 September 508 – 27 January 555), personal name Xiao Yi (蕭繹), courtesy name Shicheng (世誠), nickname Qifu (七符), was an emperor of the Chinese Liang Dynasty. After his father Emperor Wu and brother Emperor Jianwen were successively taken hostage and controlled by the rebel general Hou Jing, Xiao Yi was largely viewed as the \"de facto\" leader of Liang, and after defeating Hou in 552 declared himself emperor. In 554, after offending Yuwen Tai, the paramount general of rival Western Wei, Western Wei forces descended on and captured his capital Jiangling (江陵, in modern Jingzhou, Hubei), executing him and instead declaring his nephew Xiao Cha (Emperor Xuan) the Emperor of Liang.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Sima Liang", "paragraph_text": "Sima Liang was the fourth son of Sima Yi, by his concubine, Lady Fu. During Cao Wei regencies of his older brothers Sima Shi and Sima Zhao, he served as a mid-level official. After his nephew Sima Yan took the throne as Emperor Wu of Jin, ending Cao Wei and starting Jin, Sima Liang was created the Prince of Fufeng and put in charge of the military commands of Qin (秦州, modern eastern Gansu) and Yong (雍州, modern central and northern Shaanxi) provinces. In 270, after his subordinate, the general Liu Qi (劉旂) was defeated by the Xianbei rebel Tufa Shujineng, Sima Liang tried to have Liu's life spared by claiming fault; Liu's life was spared, but Sima Liang lost his post as a result.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Newton's cradle", "paragraph_text": "Newton's cradle is a device that demonstrates conservation of momentum and energy using a series of swinging spheres. When one sphere at the end is lifted and released, it strikes the stationary spheres, transmitting a force through the stationary spheres that pushes the last sphere upward. The last sphere swings back and strikes the still nearly stationary spheres, repeating the effect in the opposite direction. The device is named after 17th-century English scientist Sir Isaac Newton. It is also known as Newton's Balls or Executive Ball Clicker.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Laissez-faire", "paragraph_text": "The doctrine of laissez - faire became an integral part of nineteenth - century European liberalism. Just as liberals supported freedom of thought in the intellectual sphere, so were they equally prepared to champion the principles of free trade and free competition in the sphere of economics. The state was to be merely a passive policeman, protecting private property and administering justice, but not interfering with the affairs of its citizens. Businessmen and particularly British industrialists were quick to associate these principles with their own economic interests. Many of the ideas of the physiocrats spread throughout Europe and were adopted to a greater or lesser extent in Sweden, Tuscany, Spain and after 1776 in the newly created United States. Adam Smith, author of The Wealth of Nations, met Quesnay and acknowledged his influence.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Kim Ji-won (actress)", "paragraph_text": "Year Title Role Network Notes 2008 Mrs. Saigon Hye - ryeon KNN 2011 High Kick: Revenge of the Short Legged Kim Ji - won MBC What's Up Park Tae - yi MBN 2012 To the Beautiful You Seol Han - na SBS 2013 The Heirs Rachel Yoo Waiting for Love Choi Sae - rom KBS2 2014 Drama Special: The Reason I'm Getting Married Kim Ji - young Cameo Gap - dong Ma Ji - wool tvN 2015 Hidden Identity Min Tae - hee Cameo The Time We Were Not in Love Kim Ji - won SBS Ep. 2 photograph on phone 2016 Descendants of the Sun Yoon Myung - ju KBS2 2017 Fight for My Way Choi Ae - ra", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Hellenistic period", "paragraph_text": "Scholars and historians are divided as to what event signals the end of the Hellenistic era. The Hellenistic period may be seen to end either with the final conquest of the Greek heartlands by Rome in 146 BC following the Achean War, with the final defeat of the Ptolemaic Kingdom at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC, or even the move by Roman emperor Constantine the Great of the capital of the Roman Empire to Constantinople in 330 AD. \"Hellenistic\" is distinguished from \"Hellenic\" in that the first encompasses the entire sphere of direct ancient Greek influence, while the latter refers to Greece itself.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Ten Commandments", "paragraph_text": "The Ten Commandments appear twice in the Hebrew Bible, in the books of Exodus and Deuteronomy. Modern scholarship has found likely influences in Hittite and Mesopotamian laws and treaties, but is divided over exactly when the Ten Commandments were written and who wrote them.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Juqu Anzhou", "paragraph_text": "Juqu Anzhou (; died 460) is viewed by some historians as a ruler of the Xiongnu states Northern Liang, as after the state's territory was largely seized by Northern Wei in 439, and his older brother Juqu Mujian (Prince Ai) was captured by Northern Wei, Juqu Anzhou's brother Juqu Wuhui tried to hold out against Northern Wei, initially on Northern Liang's old territory, and later, after that attempt failed, at Gaochang. Juqu Anzhou succeeded Juqu Wuhui after Juqu Wuhui's death in 444, and he continued to use the title of Prince of Hexi, a title used by his brothers and previously by his father Juqu Mengxun (Prince Wuxuan). Chinese historians dispute over whether Juqu Wuhui and Juqu Anzhou should be considered Northern Liang rulers or not, and most consider Juqu Mujian the final prince of Northern Liang.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Luxor 3", "paragraph_text": "Luxor : Reverse to Egypt (known as Luxor 3) is an action-puzzle computer game released by MumboJumbo and Wamoc. It is a sequel to \"Luxor\" and \"Luxor 2\". As with the other Luxor games, it maintains an Egyptian theme and revolves around Egyptian deities, with a main gameplay goal of removing spheres in various lines of spheres on a set track by exploding groups of three or more spheres.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact", "paragraph_text": "The stated clauses of the Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact were a guarantee of non-belligerence by each party towards the other, and a written commitment that neither party would ally itself to, or aid, an enemy of the other party. In addition to stipulations of non-aggression, the treaty included a secret protocol that divided territories of Romania, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, and Finland into German and Soviet \"spheres of influence\", anticipating potential \"territorial and political rearrangements\" of these countries. Thereafter, Germany invaded Poland on 1 September 1939. After the Soviet–Japanese ceasefire agreement took effect on 16 September, Stalin ordered his own invasion of Poland on 17 September. Part of southeastern (Karelia) and Salla region in Finland were annexed by the Soviet Union after the Winter War. This was followed by Soviet annexations of Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and parts of Romania (Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina, and the Hertza region). Concern about ethnic Ukrainians and Belarusians had been proffered as justification for the Soviet invasion of Poland. Stalin's invasion of Bukovina in 1940 violated the pact, as it went beyond the Soviet sphere of influence agreed with the Axis.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Viviani's curve", "paragraph_text": "In mathematics, particularly geometry, Viviani's curve, also known as Viviani's window, is a figure eight shaped space curve named after the Italian mathematician Vincenzo Viviani, the intersection of a sphere with a cylinder that is tangent to the sphere and passes through the center of the sphere. Before Viviani this curve was studied by Simon de La Loubère and Gilles de Roberval.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Buddhist Monuments in the Hōryū-ji Area", "paragraph_text": "The UNESCO World Heritage Site Buddhist Monuments in the Hōryū-ji Area includes a variety of buildings found in Hōryū-ji and Hokki-ji in Ikaruga, Nara Prefecture, Japan. These buildings were designated in 1993 along with the surrounding landscape, under several criteria. The structures inscribed are some of the oldest extant wooden buildings in the world, dating from the 7th to 8th centuries. Many of the monuments are also National Treasures of Japan, and reflect an important age of Buddhist influence in Japan. The structures include 21 buildings in the Hōryū-ji East Temple, 9 in the West Temple, 17 monasteries and other buildings, and the pagoda in Hokki-ji.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact", "paragraph_text": "Most notably, there was also a secret protocol to the pact, revealed only after Germany's defeat in 1945, although hints about its provisions were leaked much earlier, e.g., to influence Lithuania. According to said protocol Romania, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia and Finland were divided into German and Soviet \"spheres of influence\". In the north, Finland, Estonia and Latvia were assigned to the Soviet sphere. Poland was to be partitioned in the event of its \"political rearrangement\"—the areas east of the Pisa, Narev, Vistula and San rivers going to the Soviet Union while Germany would occupy the west. Lithuania, adjacent to East Prussia, would be in the German sphere of influence, although a second secret protocol agreed to in September 1939 reassigned the majority of Lithuania to the USSR. According to the secret protocol, Lithuania would be granted the city of Vilnius – its historical capital, which was under Polish control during the inter-war period. Another clause of the treaty was that Germany would not interfere with the Soviet Union's actions towards Bessarabia, then part of Romania; as the result, Bessarabia was joined to the Moldovan ASSR, and become the Moldovan SSR under control of Moscow.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Roche lobe", "paragraph_text": "The Roche lobe is different from the Roche sphere which approximates the gravitational sphere of influence of one astronomical body in the face of perturbations from another heavier body around which it orbits. It is different from the Roche limit which is the distance at which an object held together only by gravity begins to break up due to tidal forces. The Roche lobe, Roche limit and Roche sphere are named after the French astronomer Édouard Roche.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Prime meridian", "paragraph_text": "A prime meridian is a meridian (a line of longitude) in a geographic coordinate system at which longitude is defined to be 0 °. Together, a prime meridian and its antimeridian (the 180th meridian in a 360 ° - system) form a great circle. This great circle divides the sphere, e.g., Earth, into two hemispheres. If one uses directions of East and West from a defined prime meridian, then they can be called the Eastern Hemisphere and the Western Hemisphere.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 104531, "question": "Which country was Liang Ji in?", "answer": "China", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 44497, "question": "when was #1 divided into spheres of influence", "answer": "in the late 19th and early 20th Century", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Area code 406", "paragraph_text": "Coordinates: 47 ° 00 ′ 01 ''N 109 ° 45 ′ 04'' W  /  47.00028 ° N 109.75111 ° W  / 47.00028; - 109.75111  (State of Montana) Area code 406 is the telephone area code covering the entire state of Montana. It has been Montana's area code since area codes were created in 1947.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Eastport, Idaho", "paragraph_text": "Eastport is an unincorporated community in Boundary County, Idaho, United States. Eastport is located at the Canada–US border along U.S. Route 95, across from Kingsgate, British Columbia and north of Moyie Springs. Eastport has a post office with ZIP code 83826.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Eagleby, Queensland", "paragraph_text": "Eagleby is a suburb of Logan City in Queensland, Australia located on the southern bank of the Logan River at the juncture with the Albert which forms the southern and eastern boundary. The Pacific Motorway marks the western boundary. Eagleby is northeast of Beenleigh, and was originally a suburb of Beenleigh.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Elston, Missouri", "paragraph_text": "Elston is an unincorporated community in Cole County, Missouri, United States. It is located near the western boundaries of Jefferson City.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Blanco, Oklahoma", "paragraph_text": "Blanco is a rural unincorporated community located on State Highway 63 in Pittsburg County, Oklahoma, United States. The ZIP code is 74528. The Census Bureau defined a census-designated place (CDP) for Blanco in 2015; the 2010 population within the 2015 CDP boundary is 96 and contains 52 housing units.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Albrightsville, Pennsylvania", "paragraph_text": "Albrightsville is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Kidder and Penn Forest townships, Carbon County, Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2010 census, the population was 202. It is drained by Mud Run (which forms the township boundary) westward into the Lehigh River. Pennsylvania Routes 534 and 903 intersect at the eastern corner of the village. Although it has its own post office with the ZIP code of 18210, areas just to the north and west use the Lake Harmony ZIP code of 18624. The Holiday Pocono community is directly to the north, across PA 534, and Towamensing Trails is directly across PA 903 to the southeast. The community is just east of Hickory Run State Park.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Bern", "paragraph_text": "The city grew out towards the west of the boundaries of the peninsula formed by the River Aare. The Zytglogge tower marked the western boundary of the city from 1191 until 1256, when the Käfigturm took over this role until 1345. It was, in turn, succeeded by the Christoffelturm (formerly located close to the site of the modern-day railway station) until 1622. During the time of the Thirty Years' War, two new fortifications – the so-called big and small Schanze (entrenchment) – were built to protect the whole area of the peninsula.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Bayville, New Jersey", "paragraph_text": "Bayville is an unincorporated community located within Berkeley Township in Ocean County, New Jersey, United States. The area is served as United States Postal Service ZIP Code 08721. As of the 2010 United States Census, the population for ZIP Code Tabulation Area (ZCTA) 08721 was 20,512. Central Regional High School is the local high school for the area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Geography of Illinois", "paragraph_text": "Illinois is in the midwestern United States. Surrounding states are Wisconsin to the north, Iowa and Missouri to the west, Kentucky to the south, and Indiana to the east. Illinois also borders Michigan, but only via a northeastern water boundary in Lake Michigan. Nearly the entire western boundary is the Mississippi River, except for a few areas where the river has changed course. Illinois' southeastern and southern boundary is along the Wabash River and the Ohio River. Whereas, its northern boundary and much of its eastern boundary are straight survey (longitudinal and latitudinal) lines. Illinois has a maximum north - south distance of 390 miles (630 km) and 210 miles (340 km) east - west. Its total area is 57,918 square miles (150,010 km).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Blackwater Township, Cooper County, Missouri", "paragraph_text": "Blackwater Township is one of fourteen townships in Cooper County, Missouri, USA. As of the 2000 census, its population was 406.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Galloway, Ohio", "paragraph_text": "Galloway is an unincorporated community west of the city of Columbus in southern Prairie Township, Franklin County, Ohio, United States. The 43119 ZIP Code, however (which carries a Galloway mailing address) covers a significant portion of rural and suburban western Franklin County, as well as parts of western Columbus, and locals might use the name Galloway to refer to any location in the area roughly bounded by I-70, Galloway Rd, Alkire Rd, and Big Darby Creek; such a location is seldom in the community of Galloway proper. The Galloway Post Office is located within the city of Columbus about two miles north of the actual community of Galloway, which lies at the intersection of Galloway Road and Sullivant Avenue.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Montana", "paragraph_text": "Montana is one of the nine Mountain States, located in the north of the region known as the Western United States. It borders North Dakota and South Dakota to the east. Wyoming is to the south, Idaho is to the west and southwest, and three Canadian provinces, British Columbia, Alberta, and Saskatchewan, are to the north.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Fleming Island, Florida", "paragraph_text": "Fleming Island is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Clay County, Florida, United States. It is located southwest of downtown Jacksonville, on the western side of the St. Johns River, off US 17. As of the 2010 census the Fleming Island CDP had a population of 27,126. Fleming Island's ZIP code became 32003 in 2004, giving it a different code from Orange Park, the incorporated town to the north.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Burton Island State Park", "paragraph_text": "Burton Island State Park is a state park in northwest Vermont, USA. The park comprises Burton Island, an island of 253 acres (1 km²) and located off St. Albans Point in Lake Champlain, close to the International Boundary with Canada. The park is administered by the Vermont Department of Forests, Parks, and Recreation, as part of the Vermont State Park system.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Seneca, New Mexico", "paragraph_text": "Seneca is an unincorporated community in Union County, New Mexico, United States. Seneca is located on New Mexico State Road 406 north-northeast of Clayton.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Wayland, Ohio", "paragraph_text": "Wayland is an unincorporated community in western Paris Township, Portage County, Ohio, United States. It is located at latitude 41.161 and longitude -81.071, with an elevation of 948 feet. Although it is unincorporated, it has a post office, with the ZIP code of 44285. The community is part of the Akron Metropolitan Statistical Area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "County of Tatchera", "paragraph_text": "The County of Tatchera is one of the 37 counties of Victoria which are part of the cadastral divisions of Australia, used for land titles. It is located to the south of the Murray River, and to the south west of Swan Hill, with its western boundary at 143°E, and part of the southern boundary at 36°S.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Jordan River", "paragraph_text": "Its section north of the Sea of Galilee (Hebrew: כנרת Kinneret, Arabic: Bohayrat Tabaraya, meaning Lake of Tiberias) is within the boundaries of Israel, and forms the western boundary of the Golan Heights. South of the lake, it forms the border between the Kingdom of Jordan (to the east), and Israel (to the west).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Lincoln Mountains", "paragraph_text": "The Lincoln Mountains is a mountain range in southeastern Alaska, United States, located on the Alaskan side of the Portland Canal between the Salmon River and the Soule River, near the community of Hyder. It has an area of 235 km and is a subrange of the Boundary Ranges which in turn form part of the Coast Mountains.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Penryn, California", "paragraph_text": "Penryn (Washo: pénwin ) is a census-designated place in Placer County, California, in the United States. Geographic location is . Penryn is located northeast of Rocklin. The community's ZIP code is 95663 and the area code 916. The population was 831 at the 2010 census.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 84597, "question": "where is area code 406 located in usa", "answer": "Montana", "paragraph_support_idx": 0 }, { "id": 92927, "question": "what us state forms the western boundary of #1", "answer": "Idaho", "paragraph_support_idx": 11 } ]

[ "Idaho, United States", "ID" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Statue of Liberty", "paragraph_text": "Statue of Liberty Liberty Enlightening the World Location Liberty Island Manhattan, New York City, New York, U.S. Coordinates 40 ° 41 ′ 21 ''N 74 ° 2 ′ 40'' W  /  40.68917 ° N 74.04444 ° W  / 40.68917; - 74.04444 Coordinates: 40 ° 41 ′ 21 ''N 74 ° 2 ′ 40'' W  /  40.68917 ° N 74.04444 ° W  / 40.68917; - 74.04444 Height Height of copper statue (to torch): 151 feet 1 inch (46 meters) From ground level to torch: 305 feet 1 inch (93 meters) Dedicated October 28, 1886 Restored 1938, 1984 -- 1986, 2011 -- 2012 Sculptor Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi Visitors 3.2 million (in 2009) Governing body U.S. National Park Service Website Statue of Liberty National Monument UNESCO World Heritage Site Type Cultural Criteria i, vi Designated 1984 (8th session) Reference no. 307 State Party United States Region Europe and North America U.S. National Monument Designated October 15, 1924 Designated by President Calvin Coolidge U.S. National Register of Historic Places Official name: Statue of Liberty National Monument, Ellis Island and Liberty Island Designated October 15, 1966 Reference no. 66000058 New Jersey Register of Historic Places Designated May 27, 1971 Reference no. 1535 New York City Landmark Type Individual Designated September 14, 1976 Location of Statue of Liberty in New York Harbor in New York City Location of Statue of Liberty in New York Harbor in New York City Location of Statue of Liberty in New York Harbor in New York City Show map of New York City Show map of New York Show map of the US Show all", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Umayyad Caliphate", "paragraph_text": "Non-Muslim groups in the Umayyad Caliphate, which included Christians, Jews, Zoroastrians, and pagan Berbers, were called dhimmis. They were given a legally protected status as second-class citizens as long as they accepted and acknowledged the political supremacy of the ruling Muslims. They were allowed to have their own courts, and were given freedom of their religion within the empire.[citation needed] Although they could not hold the highest public offices in the empire, they had many bureaucratic positions within the government. Christians and Jews still continued to produce great theological thinkers within their communities, but as time wore on, many of the intellectuals converted to Islam, leading to a lack of great thinkers in the non-Muslim communities.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Ashkenazi Jews", "paragraph_text": "In Israel, the term Ashkenazi is now used in a manner unrelated to its original meaning, often applied to all Jews who settled in Europe and sometimes including those whose ethnic background is actually Sephardic. Jews of any non-Ashkenazi background, including Mizrahi, Yemenite, Kurdish and others who have no connection with the Iberian Peninsula, have similarly come to be lumped together as Sephardic. Jews of mixed background are increasingly common, partly because of intermarriage between Ashkenazi and non-Ashkenazi, and partly because many do not see such historic markers as relevant to their life experiences as Jews.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Religion in Syria", "paragraph_text": "In Syria, Jews of both origins, numbering altogether fewer than 3,000 in 1987, are found. After a mass emigration in 1992, today fewer than 200 Jews live in Syria, mostly in the capital. Syrian Jews are Arabic-speaking and barely distinguishable from the Arabs around them. In Syria, as elsewhere, the degree to which Jews submit to the disciplines of their religion varies.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Statue of Liberty", "paragraph_text": "Statue of Liberty Liberty Enlightening the World Location Liberty Island Manhattan, New York City, New York, U.S. Coordinates 40 ° 41 ′ 21 ''N 74 ° 2 ′ 40'' W  /  40.68917 ° N 74.04444 ° W  / 40.68917; - 74.04444 Coordinates: 40 ° 41 ′ 21 ''N 74 ° 2 ′ 40'' W  /  40.68917 ° N 74.04444 ° W  / 40.68917; - 74.04444 Height Height of copper statue (to torch): 151 feet 1 inch (46 meters) From ground level to torch: 305 feet 1 inch (93 meters) Dedicated October 28, 1886 Restored 1938, 1984 -- 1986, 2011 -- 2012 Sculptor Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi Visitors 3.2 million (in 2009) Governing body U.S. National Park Service Website Statue of Liberty National Monument UNESCO World Heritage Site Type Cultural Criteria i, vi Designated 1984 (8th session) Reference no. 307 State Party United States Region Europe and North America U.S. National Monument Designated October 15, 1924 Designated by President Calvin Coolidge U.S. National Register of Historic Places Official name: Statue of Liberty National Monument, Ellis Island and Liberty Island Designated October 15, 1966 Reference no. 66000058 New Jersey Register of Historic Places Designated May 27, 1971 Reference no. 1535 New York City Landmark Type Individual Designated September 14, 1976 Location of Statue of Liberty in New York Harbor in New York City Statue of Liberty (New York) Statue of Liberty (the US) Show map of New York City Show map of New York Show map of the US Show all", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Statue of Liberty", "paragraph_text": "The Statue of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening the World; French: La Liberté éclairant le monde) is a colossal neoclassical sculpture on Liberty Island in New York Harbor in New York City, in the United States. The copper statue, a gift from the people of France to the people of the United States, was designed by French sculptor Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi and built by Gustave Eiffel. The statue was dedicated on October 28, 1886.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Statue of Liberty", "paragraph_text": "\"The New Colossus\" tablet is accompanied by a tablet given by the Emma Lazarus Commemorative Committee in 1977, celebrating the poet's life.A group of statues stands at the western end of the island, honoring those closely associated with the Statue of Liberty. Two Americans—Pulitzer and Lazarus—and three Frenchmen—Bartholdi, Eiffel, and Laboulaye—are depicted. They are the work of Maryland sculptor Phillip Ratner.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Emma Lazarus", "paragraph_text": "She is best known for ``The New Colossus '', a sonnet written in 1883; its lines appear inscribed on a bronze plaque in the pedestal of the Statue of Liberty installed in 1903, a decade and a half after Lazarus's death,. The last stanza of the sonnet was set to music by Irving Berlin as the song`` Give Me Your Tired, Your Poor'' for the 1949 musical Miss Liberty, which was based on the sculpting of the Statue of Liberty.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Statue of Liberty", "paragraph_text": "By 1875, France was enjoying improved political stability and a recovering postwar economy. Growing interest in the upcoming Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia led Laboulaye to decide it was time to seek public support. In September 1875, he announced the project and the formation of the Franco - American Union as its fundraising arm. With the announcement, the statue was given a name, Liberty Enlightening the World. The French would finance the statue; Americans would be expected to pay for the pedestal. The announcement provoked a generally favorable reaction in France, though many Frenchmen resented the United States for not coming to their aid during the war with Prussia. French monarchists opposed the statue, if for no other reason than it was proposed by the liberal Laboulaye, who had recently been elected a senator for life. Laboulaye arranged events designed to appeal to the rich and powerful, including a special performance at the Paris Opera on April 25, 1876, that featured a new cantata by composer Charles Gounod. The piece was titled La Liberté éclairant le monde, the French version of the statue's announced name.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Israel", "paragraph_text": "Israel has two official languages, Hebrew and Arabic. Hebrew is the primary language of the state and is spoken everyday by the majority of the population, and Arabic is spoken by the Arab minority and Hebrew is taught in Arab schools. English was an official language during the Mandate period; it lost this status after the creation of Israel, but retains a role comparable to that of an official language, as may be seen in road signs and official documents. Many Israelis communicate reasonably well in English, as many television programs are broadcast in English with subtitles and the language is taught from the early grades in elementary school. In addition, Israeli universities offer courses in the English language on various subjects. As a country of immigrants, many languages can be heard on the streets. Due to mass immigration from the former Soviet Union and Ethiopia (some 130,000 Ethiopian Jews live in Israel), Russian and Amharic are widely spoken. More than one million Russian-speaking immigrants arrived in Israel from the former Soviet Union states between 1990 and 2004. French is spoken by around 700,000 Israelis, mostly originating from France and North Africa (see Maghrebi Jews).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Statue of Liberty", "paragraph_text": "The Statue of Liberty is a figure of a robed woman representing Libertas, a Roman liberty goddess. She holds a torch above her head with her right hand, and in her left hand carries a tabula ansata inscribed in Roman numerals with ``JULY IV MDCCLXXVI ''(July 4, 1776), the date of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. A broken chain lies at her feet as she walks forward. The statue became an icon of freedom and of the United States, and was a welcoming sight to immigrants arriving from abroad.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Israel", "paragraph_text": "Since the existence of the earliest Jewish diaspora, many Jews have aspired to return to \"Zion\" and the \"Land of Israel\", though the amount of effort that should be spent towards such an aim was a matter of dispute. The hopes and yearnings of Jews living in exile are an important theme of the Jewish belief system. After the Jews were expelled from Spain in 1492, some communities settled in Palestine. During the 16th century, Jewish communities struck roots in the Four Holy Cities—Jerusalem, Tiberias, Hebron, and Safed—and in 1697, Rabbi Yehuda Hachasid led a group of 1,500 Jews to Jerusalem. In the second half of the 18th century, Eastern European opponents of Hasidism, known as the Perushim, settled in Palestine.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Gene Evans (pyrotechnician)", "paragraph_text": "Gene Evans (July 25, 1937 – July 8, 2008) was an American pyrotechnician. In addition to being one of the pyrotechnic designers for the 1986 Statue of Liberty centennial celebration, and having designed special effects for a number of Las Vegas shows, Evans was perhaps best known as the man behind all fireworks displays at Hollywood Bowl concerts, from 1969 through 2008, with his final performance coming only days before his death.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Liberty Island", "paragraph_text": "Liberty Island is a federally owned island in Upper New York Bay in the United States, best known as the location of the Statue of Liberty. The island is an exclave of the New York City borough of Manhattan, surrounded by the waters of Jersey City, New Jersey. Long known as Bedloe's Island, it was renamed by an act of the United States Congress in 1956. In 1937, by Presidential Proclamation 2250 by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, it became part of the Statue of Liberty National Monument and in 1966, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as part of Statue of Liberty National Monument, Ellis Island and Liberty Island.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Jews", "paragraph_text": "Western Europe's largest Jewish community, and the third-largest Jewish community in the world, can be found in France, home to between 483,000 and 500,000 Jews, the majority of whom are immigrants or refugees from North African Arab countries such as Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia (or their descendants). The United Kingdom has a Jewish community of 292,000. In Eastern Europe, there are anywhere from 350,000 to one million Jews living in the former Soviet Union, but exact figures are difficult to establish. In Germany, the 102,000 Jews registered with the Jewish community are a slowly declining population, despite the immigration of tens of thousands of Jews from the former Soviet Union since the fall of the Berlin Wall. Thousands of Israelis also live in Germany, either permanently or temporarily, for economic reasons.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Statue of Liberty", "paragraph_text": "Bartholdi and Laboulaye considered how best to express the idea of American liberty. In early American history, two female figures were frequently used as cultural symbols of the nation. One of these symbols, the personified Columbia, was seen as an embodiment of the United States in the manner that Britannia was identified with the United Kingdom and Marianne came to represent France. Columbia had supplanted the traditional European personification of the Americas as an \"Indian princess\", which had come to be regarded as uncivilized and derogatory toward Americans. The other significant female icon in American culture was a representation of Liberty, derived from Libertas, the goddess of freedom widely worshipped in ancient Rome, especially among emancipated slaves. A Liberty figure adorned most American coins of the time, and representations of Liberty appeared in popular and civic art, including Thomas Crawford's Statue of Freedom (1863) atop the dome of the United States Capitol Building.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "The New Colossus", "paragraph_text": "The line ``Keep, ancient lands, your storied pomp! ''is missing a comma, and reads`` Keep ancient lands, your storied pomp!'' on the plaque hanging inside the Statue of Liberty since its unveiling in 1903.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Ashkenazi Jews", "paragraph_text": "According to 16th-century mystic Rabbi Elijah of Chelm, Ashkenazi Jews lived in Jerusalem during the 11th century. The story is told that a German-speaking Palestinian Jew saved the life of a young German man surnamed Dolberger. So when the knights of the First Crusade came to siege Jerusalem, one of Dolberger's family members who was among them rescued Jews in Palestine and carried them back to Worms to repay the favor. Further evidence of German communities in the holy city comes in the form of halakhic questions sent from Germany to Jerusalem during the second half of the 11th century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Statue of Liberty play", "paragraph_text": "The Statue of Liberty is a trick play in American football named after the 1886 Statue of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening the World).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Conservation-restoration of the Statue of Liberty", "paragraph_text": "The conservation - restoration of the Statue of Liberty spanned from 1984 to 1986. The Statue of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening the World by Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi) is a colossal monument on Liberty Island in New York Harbor and is a part of the Statue of Liberty National Monument. Much of the restoration effort was based on unprecedented restorative methods, owing largely to the fact that metallurgical repair work on such a scale had never been attempted before. Many professional scientists and engineers, government organizations and various consultants were called in to evaluate and deal with the various problems and tasks facing the restoration effort.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 89049, "question": "where does the statue of liberty come from", "answer": "France", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 }, { "id": 21118, "question": "How many Jews live in #1 ?", "answer": "between 483,000 and 500,000", "paragraph_support_idx": 14 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "2017 Women's Cricket World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2017 Women's Cricket World Cup was an international women's cricket tournament that took place in England from 24 June to 23 July 2017. It was the eleventh edition of the Women's Cricket World Cup, and the third to be held in England (after the 1973 and 1993 tournaments). The 2017 World Cup was the first in which all participating players were fully professional. Eight teams qualified to participate in the tournament. England won the final against India at Lord's on 23 July by 9 runs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "2008 World Cup (men's golf)", "paragraph_text": "The 2008 Omega Mission Hills World Cup took place from 27 November to 30 November at Mission Hills Golf Club in Shenzhen, China. It was the 54th World Cup. 28 countries competed and each country sent two players. The team purse was $5,000,000 with $1,600,000 going to the winner. The Swedish team of Robert Karlsson and Henrik Stenson won the tournament. This was the second time that Sweden won the World Cup.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Premier League", "paragraph_text": "However, by the turn of the 1990s the downward trend was starting to reverse; England had been successful in the 1990 FIFA World Cup, reaching the semi-finals. UEFA, European football's governing body, lifted the five-year ban on English clubs playing in European competitions in 1990 (resulting in Manchester United lifting the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup in 1991) and the Taylor Report on stadium safety standards, which proposed expensive upgrades to create all-seater stadiums in the aftermath of the Hillsborough disaster, was published in January of that year.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Cricket World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The inaugural Cricket World Cup was hosted in 1975 by England, the only nation able to put forward the resources to stage an event of such magnitude at the time. The 1975 tournament started on 7 June. The first three events were held in England and officially known as the Prudential Cup after the sponsors Prudential plc. The matches consisted of 60 six - ball overs per team, played during the daytime in traditional form, with the players wearing cricket whites and using red cricket balls.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Croatia national football team", "paragraph_text": "Croatia qualified for and competed in three consecutive World Cup tournaments between 1998 and 2006, but failed to qualify for the 2010 World Cup in South Africa after finishing 3rd in Group 6 behind England and Ukraine. Although they had joined both FIFA and UEFA by 1992, they were unable to enter the 1994 World Cup as qualification had started before the side was officially recognised as a state. In the following three World Cup groups they were eliminated after finishing third in all of them, before finally advancing further than the group stage at the 2018 World Cup. On 11 July 2018, Croatia won their semi-final match against England, advancing the national team to their first FIFA World Cup final wherein they secured second place as runners - up against winners France. Supplanting their third place positioning in 1998, this is the nation's best performance to date.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "1968–69 British Home Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 1968–69 British Home Championship was the third edition of the tournament to be held while England were World Champions following their victory in the 1966 FIFA World Cup. The tournament was reverted to its pre-First World War format, being played at the end of the season in a short period of time, to relax the demands on the players during the competitive season. England re-emphasised their dominance over the British game with a second comfortable win in a row. The tournament began with the favourites England and Scotland securing comfortable (if dramatic) wins over their weaker opponents, before England repeated the feat in a tougher game against Wales and Scotland were held to a draw by Ireland. Going into the final game needing a win, the Scots were thoroughly beaten by a strong English team, who took the trophy in a 4–1 victory.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "England national football team", "paragraph_text": "England qualified for the 1970 FIFA World Cup in Mexico as reigning champions, and reached the quarter-finals, where they were knocked out by West Germany. England had been 2–0 up, but were eventually beaten 3–2 after extra time. They failed in qualification for the 1974, leading to Ramsey's dismissal, and 1978 FIFA World Cups. Under Ron Greenwood, they managed to qualify for the 1982 FIFA World Cup in Spain (the first time competitively since 1962); despite not losing a game, they were eliminated in the second group stage.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Under-19 Cricket World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The ICC Under - 19 Cricket World Cup is an international cricket tournament organised by the International Cricket Council (ICC) contested by national under - 19 teams. First contested in 1988, as the Youth World Cup, it was not staged again until 1998. Since then, the World Cup has been held as a biennial event, organised by the ICC. The first edition of the tournament had only eight participants, but every subsequent edition has included sixteen teams. India, the current champions, has won the World Cup four times which is the highest amongst all teams, while Australia has won thrice, Pakistan twice and England, South Africa, and the West Indies once each. Two other teams -- New Zealand and Sri Lanka -- have made a tournament final without going on to win.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Duncan Edwards", "paragraph_text": "Born in Woodside, Dudley, Edwards signed for Manchester United as a teenager and went on to become the youngest player to play in the Football League First Division and at the time the youngest England player since the Second World War, going on to play 18 times for his country at top level. In a professional career of less than five years he helped United to win two Football League championships and two FA Charity Shields, and reach the semi-finals of the European Cup.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "2003 Rugby World Cup Final", "paragraph_text": "The 2003 Rugby World Cup Final was won by England who defeated Australia 20 points to 17. The match went into extra time, in which Jonny Wilkinson kicked a dropped goal in the final minute to seal England's first Rugby World Cup title.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "1966 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 1966 FIFA World Cup was the eighth FIFA World Cup and was held in England from 11 to 30 July 1966. England beat West Germany 4 -- 2 in the final, winning the Jules Rimet Trophy. It is England's only FIFA World Cup title. They were the fifth nation to win and the third host nation to win after Uruguay in 1930 and Italy in 1934.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 FIFA World Cup will be the 21st FIFA World Cup, a quadrennial international football tournament contested by the men's national teams of the member associations of FIFA. It is scheduled to take place in Russia from 14 June to 15 July 2018, after the country was awarded the hosting rights on 2 December 2010. This will be the first World Cup held in Europe since 2006; all but one of the stadium venues are in European Russia, west of the Ural Mountains to keep travel time manageable.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 12, "title": "1995 Rugby League World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 1995 Rugby League World Cup was held during October in the United Kingdom. It was the eleventh staging of the Rugby League World Cup and was marketed as the Halifax Centenary World Cup, reflecting the tournament's sponsorship and the fact that 1995 marked the centenary of the sport. Envisaged as a celebration of rugby league football, the size of the competition was doubled, with four additional teams invited and Great Britain split into England and Wales (Scotland and Ireland took part in the Emerging Nations Tournament that was held alongside the World Cup.)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "England national football team", "paragraph_text": "Sven-Göran Eriksson took charge of the team between 2001 and 2006, and was the first non–English manager of England. Despite controversial press coverage of his personal life, Eriksson was consistently popular with the majority of fans.[citation needed] He guided England to the quarter-finals of the 2002 FIFA World Cup, UEFA Euro 2004, and the 2006 FIFA World Cup. He lost only five competitive matches during his tenure, and England rose to an No.4 world ranking under his guidance. His contract was extended by the Football Association by two years, to include UEFA Euro 2008. However, it was terminated by them at the 2006 FIFA World Cup's conclusion.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Arsenal F.C.", "paragraph_text": "Arsenal Football Club is a professional football club based in Islington, London, England, that plays in the Premier League, the top flight of English football. The club has won 13 League titles, a record 13 FA Cups, two League Cups, the League Centenary Trophy, 15 FA Community Shields, one UEFA Cup Winners' Cup and one Inter-Cities Fairs Cup. It is also the only English club to go a 38 - match league season unbeaten, receiving the nickname The Invincibles, and a special gold Premier League trophy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "2017 Women's Cricket World Cup Final", "paragraph_text": "2017 Women's Cricket World Cup Final Event 2017 Women's Cricket World Cup England India 228 / 7 219 50 overs 48.4 overs England won by 9 runs Date 23 July 2017 Venue Lord's, London Player of the Match Anya Shrubsole (England) Umpires Gregory Brathwaite and Shaun George Attendance approximately 24,000 (Sold Out) ← 2013 2021 →", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "2017 FIFA U-17 World Cup", "paragraph_text": "England won the U-17 World Cup for the first time after coming back from a two - goal deficit and beating Spain 5 -- 2 in the final. This meant England became the second nation, after Brazil in 2003, to win both of FIFA's under - age (U-20 and U-17) World Cup tournaments in the same calendar year. England has also become the third country, after Brazil and North Korea, to win both U-17 and U-20 World Cup in their respective gender tournaments on the same year, as North Korea had also won both U-17 and U-20 Women's World Cup last year. The Official Match Ball of the Tournament is Adidas Krasava.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Russia–United Kingdom relations", "paragraph_text": "The two countries fought each other (albeit only with some very limited naval combat) during the Anglo - Russian War (1807 -- 12), after which Britain and Russia became allies against Napoleon in the Napoleonic Wars. They both played major cooperative roles at the Congress of Vienna in 1814 - 1815.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 18, "title": "FIFA World Cup qualification", "paragraph_text": "The hosts of the World Cup receive an automatic berth. Unlike many other sports, results of the previous World Cups or of the continental championships are not taken into account. Until 2002, the defending champions also received an automatic berth, but starting from the 2006 World Cup this is no longer the case.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "2017 Women's Cricket World Cup Final", "paragraph_text": "The 2017 ICC Women's World Cup Final was a one - day international cricket match played between England and India to decide the winner of the 2017 Women's World Cup. England won the game by nine runs to secure their fourth World Cup title, with Anya Shrubsole named player of the match. It was one of the closest finals in tournament history, with only the 2000 final being decided by a narrower margin.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 86087, "question": "where is the world cup going to be at", "answer": "Russia", "paragraph_support_idx": 11 }, { "id": 79547, "question": "the war between england and #1 started in", "answer": "1807", "paragraph_support_idx": 17 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Sichuan", "paragraph_text": "The Sichuan government raised the minimum wage in the province by 12.5 percent at the end of December 2007. The monthly minimum wage went up from 400 to 450 yuan, with a minimum of 4.9 yuan per hour for part-time work, effective 26 December 2007. The government also reduced the four-tier minimum wage structure to three. The top tier mandates a minimum of 650 yuan per month, or 7.1 yuan per hour. National law allows each province to set minimum wages independently, but with a floor of 450 yuan per month.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Smoking age", "paragraph_text": "Georgia None 18 It is illegal to sell or give tobacco products to anyone under the age of 18 years. It is illegal for minors to possess tobacco in public. Minors are allowed to possess tobacco products and to consume those, in private home if permission is given by parents or legal guardian. The minimum age of 17 years was introduced in 1987. The minimum age was raised from 17 to 18 in 1993.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Minimum wage in the United States", "paragraph_text": "In 1910, in conjunction with advocacy work led by Florence Kelley of the National Consumer League, the Women's Trade Union League (WTLU) of Massachusetts under the leadership of Elizabeth Evans took up the cause of minimum wage legislation in Massachusetts. Over the next two years, a coalition of social reform groups and labor advocates in Boston pushed for minimum wage legislation in the state. In 1912, Massachusetts passed the first American minimum wage legislation, which established a state commission for recommending non-compulsory minimum wages for women and children. Within eight years, at least thirteen U.S. states and the District of Columbia would pass minimum wage laws, with pressure being placed on state legislatures by the National Consumers League in a coalition with other women's voluntary associations and organized labor. The United States Supreme Court of the Lochner era consistently invalidated compulsory minimum wage laws. Advocates for these minimum wage laws hoped that they would be upheld under the precedent of Muller v. Oregon, which upheld maximum working hours laws for women on the grounds that women required special protection that men did not. However, the Court did not extend this principle to minimum wage laws, considering the latter as interfering with the ability of employers to freely negotiate wage contracts with employees.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Minimum wage in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Beginning in January 2017, Massachusetts and Washington state have the highest minimum wages in the country, at $11.00 per hour. New York City's minimum wage will be $15.00 per hour by the end of 2018. There is a racial difference for support of a higher minimum wage with most black and Hispanic individuals supporting a $15.00 federal minimum wage, and 54% of whites opposing it. In 2015, about 3 percent of White, Asian, and Hispanic or Latino workers earned the federal minimum wage or less. Among Black workers, the percentage was about 4 percent.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Minimum wage in the United States", "paragraph_text": "In the United States, different states are able to set their own minimum wages independent of the federal government. When the state and federal minimum wage differ the higher wage prevails. As of January 2018, there were 29 states with a minimum wage higher than the federal minimum. Washington has the highest state minimum wage at $11.50 per hour. A number of states have also in recent years enacted state preemption laws, which restrict local community rights, and bar local governments from setting their own minimum wage amounts. As of 2017, state preemption laws for local minimum wages have passed in 25 states.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Minimum wage in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Beginning in January 2017, Massachusetts and Washington will have the highest state minimum wages. There is a racial difference for support of a higher minimum wage with most black and Hispanic individuals supporting a $15.00 federal minimum wage, and 54% of whites opposing it. In 2015, about 3 percent of White, Asian, and Hispanic or Latino workers earned the federal minimum wage or less. Among Black workers, the percentage was about 4 percent.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Minimum wage in the United States", "paragraph_text": "The federal minimum wage in the United States was reset to its current rate of $7.25 per hour in July 2009. Some U.S. territories (such as American Samoa) are exempt. Some types of labor are also exempt: Employers may pay tipped labor a minimum of $2.13 per hour, as long as the hour wage plus tip income equals at least the minimum wage. Persons under the age of 20 may be paid $4.25 an hour for the first 90 calendar days of employment (sometimes known as a youth, teen, or training wage) unless a higher state minimum exists. The 2009 increase was the last of three steps of the Fair Minimum Wage Act of 2007, which was signed into law as a rider to the U.S. Troop Readiness, Veterans' Care, Katrina Recovery, and Iraq Accountability Appropriations Act, 2007, a bill that also contained almost $5 billion in tax cuts for small businesses.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Agricultural Workers Organization", "paragraph_text": "The Agricultural Workers Organization (AWO), an organization of farm workers throughout the United States and Canada, was formed on April 15, 1915, in Kansas City. It was supported by, and a subsidiary organization of, the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW). Although the IWW had advocated the abolition of the wage system as an ultimate goal since its own formation ten years earlier, the AWO's founding convention sought rather to address immediate needs, and championed a ten-hour work day, premium pay for overtime, a minimum wage, good food and bedding for workers. In 1917 the organization changed names to the Agricultural Workers Industrial Union (AWIU) as part of a broader reorganization of IWW industrial unions.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "History of the minimum wage", "paragraph_text": "After a study of the minimum wage laws in Australia and New Zealand The Liberal Party acted to set up a minimum wage in the most heavily sweated or underpaid industries, as part of a broad range of social reforms. Winston Churchill, president of the Board of Trade, introduced the Trade Boards Act in 1909. It created boards that set minimum wage criteria that were legally enforceable. The main provision was to set minimum wages in certain trades with the history of low wages, because of surplus of available workers, the presence of women workers, or the lack of skills. At first it applied to four industries: chain - making, ready - made dresses. paper - box making, and the machine - made lace and finishing trade. About 70 per cent of their 200,000 workers were women.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Minimum wage in the United States", "paragraph_text": "In 1933, the Roosevelt administration made the first attempt at establishing a national minimum wage, when a $0.25 per hour standard was set as part of the National Industrial Recovery Act. However, in the 1935 court case Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States (295 U.S. 495), the US Supreme Court declared the act unconstitutional, and the minimum wage was abolished. In 1938, the minimum wage was re-established pursuant to the Fair Labor Standards Act, once again at $0.25 per hour ($4.78 in 2017 dollars). In 1941, the Supreme Court upheld the Fair Labor Standards Act in United States v. Darby Lumber Co., holding that Congress had the power under the Commerce Clause to regulate employment conditions.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "National Minimum Wage Act 1998", "paragraph_text": "The National Minimum Wage Act 1998 creates a minimum wage across the United Kingdom, currently £7.50 per hour for workers aged over 25, £7.05 per hour for workers aged 21 to 24 and £5.60 per hour for workers aged 18 to 20.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Employment Standards Act of British Columbia", "paragraph_text": "The Employment Standards Act of British Columbia (Canada), is legislation enacted by the provincial government of British Columbia to protect the rights of working people. Sections within the act outline the employers responsibility to their employees, notably things such as minimum wage, meal breaks, and parental leave. The act also works to protect residents of the province by preventing employment discrimination.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "National Rugby League salary cap", "paragraph_text": "As of 2013 the club grant is $100 million which covers the salary cap of $5.85 million for the top twenty - five players at each club. The salary cap will increase to $6.3 million in 2014, $6.55 million in 2015, $6.8 million by 2016 and $7 million in 2017. The minimum wage from 2013 onwards is $80,000 for the top twenty - five players.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Minimum wage in the United States", "paragraph_text": "The minimum wage in the United States is set by US labor law and a range of state and local laws. Employers generally have to pay workers the highest minimum wage prescribed by federal, state, and local law. Since July 24, 2009, the federal government has mandated a nationwide minimum wage of $7.25 per hour. As of January 2018, there were 29 states with a minimum wage higher than the federal minimum. From 2017 to 2018, eight states increased their minimum wage levels through automatic adjustments, while increases in eleven other states occurred through referendum or legislative action. Washington has the highest state minimum wage at $11.50 per hour.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Tornado climatology", "paragraph_text": "The United States averaged 1,274 tornadoes per year in the last decade while Canada reports nearly 100 annually (largely in the southern regions). However, the UK has most tornadoes per area per year, 0.14 per 1000 km2, although these tornadoes are generally weak, and many other European countries have a similar number of tornadoes per area.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Minimum wage in the United States", "paragraph_text": "The minimum wage in the United States is set by US labor law and a range of state and local laws. Employers generally have to pay workers the highest minimum wage prescribed by federal, state, and local law. Since July 24, 2009, the federal government has mandated a nationwide minimum wage of $7.25 per hour. As of January 2018, there were 29 states with a minimum wage higher than the federal minimum. From 2017 to 2018, eight states increased their minimum wage levels through automatic adjustments, while increases in eleven other states occurred through referendum or legislative action.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "National Minimum Wage Act 1998", "paragraph_text": "The national minimum wage (NMW) took effect on 1 April 1999. On 1 April 2016 an amendment to the act attempted an obligatory ``National Living Wage ''for workers over 25, which was implemented at a significantly higher minimum wage rate of £7.20 (£7.50 from April 2017), and is expected to rise to at least £9 per hour by 2020.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Edmund Burke", "paragraph_text": "In November 1795, there was a debate in Parliament on the high price of corn and Burke wrote a memorandum to Pitt on the subject. In December Samuel Whitbread MP introduced a bill giving magistrates the power to fix minimum wages and Fox said he would vote for it. This debate probably led Burke to editing his memorandum, as there appeared a notice that Burke would soon publish a letter on the subject to the Secretary of the Board of Agriculture, Arthur Young; but he failed to complete it. These fragments were inserted into the memorandum after his death and published posthumously in 1800 as, Thoughts and Details on Scarcity. In it, Burke expounded \"some of the doctrines of political economists bearing upon agriculture as a trade\". Burke criticised policies such as maximum prices and state regulation of wages, and set out what the limits of government should be:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Figure skating", "paragraph_text": "The ISU has modified its age rules several times. Prior to the 1990s, 12 was the minimum age for senior international competitions. New rules were introduced in 1996, requiring skaters to be at least 15 before July 1 of the preceding year in order to compete at the Olympics, Worlds, Europeans, or Four Continents. The minimum age for all other senior internationals was 14 until July 2014, when it was raised to 15.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Tornado climatology", "paragraph_text": "Tornadoes have been recorded on all continents except Antarctica and are most common in the middle latitudes where conditions are often favorable for convective storm development. The United States has the most tornadoes of any country, as well as the strongest and most violent tornadoes. A large portion of these tornadoes form in an area of the central United States popularly known as Tornado Alley. Other areas of the world that have frequent tornadoes include significant portions of Europe, South Africa, Philippines, Bangladesh, parts of Argentina, Uruguay, and southern and southeast Brazil, New Zealand, and far eastern Asia.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 64964, "question": "who has the most tornadoes in the world", "answer": "the UK", "paragraph_support_idx": 14 }, { "id": 77766, "question": "when was the minimum wage introduced in #1", "answer": "1909", "paragraph_support_idx": 8 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Mansion House (Trenton, New Jersey)", "paragraph_text": "Mansion House (also referred to as Ellarslie and McCall House) is a historic residence located in Trenton, Mercer County, New Jersey, United States. The house was built as a summer residence for Henry McCall Sr. of Philadelphia in 1848, and is one of the earliest examples of Italianate architecture in the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Fall Creek, Illinois", "paragraph_text": "Fall Creek is an unincorporated community in Fall Creek Township, Adams County, Illinois, United States. Fall Creek is located along Interstate 172 southwest of Payson.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Lucas, Wisconsin", "paragraph_text": "Lucas is a town in Dunn County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 658 at the 2000 census. The unincorporated community of Hatchville is located partially in the town.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Texas oil boom", "paragraph_text": "Texas oil boom The Lucas gusher at Spindletop, the first major gusher in Texas Date 1901 -- 1940s Location Texas, United States Also known as Gusher Age", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Aycrigg Mansion", "paragraph_text": "Aycrigg Mansion, located in Passaic, Passaic County, New Jersey, United States, was the home of John Bancker Aycrigg. The mansion was built in 1848 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 29, 1982.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Pomona Hall", "paragraph_text": "Pomona Hall is a colonial mansion located at 1900 Park Boulevard and Euclid Avenue, in Camden, Camden County, New Jersey, United States, that operates as a museum by the Camden County Historical Society. The first building on the site was constructed in 1718, while construction of the more substantial mansion house was started in 1726, with later additions made in 1788. It is not known when the house was first called Pomona Hall; but it is marked on Hill's \"Map of Philadelphia and Environs\", published in 1809.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "National Weather Service Lincoln, Illinois", "paragraph_text": "National Weather Service Lincoln, Illinois also known as National Weather Service Central Illinois is a weather forecast office responsible for monitoring weather conditions for 35 counties in Central and Southeastern Illinois. The Central Illinois office initially consisted of two forecast offices in Peoria and Springfield until the current location in Lincoln became the sole local forecast office in 1995. Federal meteorology offices and stations in the region date back to the 19th century when the Army Signal Service began taking weather observations using weather equipment at the Springer Building in Springfield. Since that time the presence of the National Weather Service greatly increased with the installation of new weather radars, stations and forecast offices. The current office in Lincoln maintains a WSR-88D (NEXRAD) radar system, and Advanced Weather Interactive Processing System (AWIPS) that greatly improve forecasting in the region. Lincoln is in charge of weather forecasts, warnings and local statements as well as aviation weather.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Lucas (novel)", "paragraph_text": "Lucas is a 2002 novel by Kevin Brooks about a teenager named Cait who lives on an isolated island off the coast of England and befriends outsider Lucas, eventually falling in love with him only to see the island's prejudices come to life.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Balding Avenue Historic District", "paragraph_text": "The Balding Avenue Historic District is located along the street of the same name, between Mansion and Marshall streets, in Poughkeepsie, New York, United States. These four acres (1.6 ha) include 27 houses mostly built in the late 19th century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Louis and Ellen Olson House", "paragraph_text": "The Louis and Ellen Olson House, a Craftsman style mansion built in 1903, is located near downtown Enumclaw, Washington, United States. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1984. The mansion is currently a private residence.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Little Missouri Falls", "paragraph_text": "The Little Missouri Falls is a sizable waterfall on the upper reaches of the Little Missouri River in southwest Arkansas in the Ouachita National Forest. It is a stairstep fall in a deep gorge. The falls can be reached by an all-weather gravel road, and there is a parking area with restrooms and a paved trail leading to observation sites. Water flow is greatest during the winter and spring months.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Coleman Falls, Virginia", "paragraph_text": "Coleman Falls is an unincorporated community in Bedford County, Virginia, United States. Coleman Falls is located along the James River and U.S. Route 501 northwest of Lynchburg. Coleman Falls has a post office with ZIP code 24536. The community was named after a family from the area in 1923. The Coleman Falls Dam is located in the community.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Sheboygan County Memorial Airport", "paragraph_text": "Sheboygan County Memorial Airport is a county owned public use non-towered airport located in the Town of Sheboygan Falls, three nautical miles (6 km) northwest of the City of Sheboygan, in Sheboygan County, Wisconsin, United States. It is included in the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2019–2023, in which it is categorized as a regional general aviation facility. Sheboygan's National Weather Service observation station is based at the airport.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "John A. Snively", "paragraph_text": "During the 1940s, Snively built Magnolia Mansion, a stately New Orleans style home on the shores of Lake Eloise, on Winter Haven's famous Chain of Lakes. Magnolia Mansion was purchased by Cypress Gardens theme park in the 1970s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "George W. Frank House", "paragraph_text": "The George W. Frank House is a historic mansion located in Kearney, Nebraska, United States. The house was built in 1889 by George W. Frank. Since 1971 the property has been owned by Kearney State College, now the University of Nebraska at Kearney. In 1973, the house was placed on the National Register of Historic Places.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Blomsholm", "paragraph_text": "Blomsholm is a mansion and gardens in Bohuslän, Sweden. It is located in the parish of Skee, north of Strömstad. There are several prehistoric tombs near the manor.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Lucas Mansion", "paragraph_text": "The Lucas Mansion, also known as the Hiddenite Center, is a historic home located at Hiddenite, Alexander County, North Carolina. It was built about 1900, and is a three-story, frame Queen Anne style dwelling. It features a two-story wraparound porch. It was enlarged to its present size by 1928. It was owned by James Paul Lucas, a South Carolina native and international diamond merchant.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Cabo San Lucas International Airport", "paragraph_text": "Cabo San Lucas International Airport (Spanish: Aeródromo Internacional de Cabo San Lucas) (ICAO: MMSL) is a small international airfield (officially it's an ``aerodrome '') located 4.5 miles (7.2 km) northwest of Cabo San Lucas in Baja California Sur, Mexico.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Game of Thrones (season 7)", "paragraph_text": "Filming began on August 31, 2016, at Titanic Studios in Belfast, and ended in February 2017. In an interview with the showrunners, it was announced that the filming of the seventh season would be delayed until later in the year due to necessary weather conditions for filming. The showrunners stated ``We're starting a bit later because, you know, at the end of this season, winter is here, and that means that sunny weather does n't really serve our purposes any more. We kind of pushed everything down the line so we could get some grim, gray weather even in the sunnier places that we shoot. ''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Falling Rock, West Virginia", "paragraph_text": "Falling Rock is an unincorporated community in Kanawha County, West Virginia, United States. Falling Rock is located at the confluence of Falling Rock Creek with the Elk River southwest of Clendenin along US Route 19. Falling Rock has a post office with ZIP code 25079.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 130801, "question": "What state is Lucas Mansion located?", "answer": "North Carolina", "paragraph_support_idx": 16 }, { "id": 57615, "question": "when does fall weather start in #1", "answer": "October and November", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Gold medal", "paragraph_text": "Olympic Gold medals are required to be made from at least 92.5% silver, and must contain a minimum of 6 grams of gold. All Olympic medals must be at least 60mm in diameter and 3mm thick. Minting the medals is the responsibility of the Olympic host. From 1928 through 1968 the design was always the same: the obverse showed a generic design by Florentine artist Giuseppe Cassioli of Greek goddess Nike with Rome's Colloseum in the background and text naming the host city; the reverse showed another generic design of Nike saluting an Olympic champion.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "The Waitress (It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia)", "paragraph_text": "The Waitress is a fictional character on the FX, now FXX series, It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia, and is portrayed by Mary Elizabeth Ellis.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Catherine Bernard", "paragraph_text": "Catherine Bernard (1662 – 16 September 1712) was a French poet, playwright, and novelist. She composed three historical novels, two verse tragedies, several poems, and was awarded several poetry prizes by the \"Académie française\". Bernard established the fundamental aesthetic principle of the French literary \"conte de fées\" popular in the \"salons\" of the late seventeenth century with the dictum: \"the [adventures] should always be implausible and the emotions always natural\". Her works are appreciated today for their psychological nuance.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "David Hornsby", "paragraph_text": "David Hornsby (born December 1, 1975) is an American actor, screenwriter and producer. He is known for a recurring role as defrocked priest Matthew ``Rickety Cricket ''Mara on the comedy series It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia, for which he also writes and co-produces.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Victoria & Abdul", "paragraph_text": "Abdul Karim, a young prison clerk from Agra, India, is instructed to travel to England for Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee in 1887 to present her with a mohur, a gold coin which has been minted as a token of appreciation from British - ruled India.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Waterwalker", "paragraph_text": "Waterwalker is a 1984 documentary film by Bill Mason, a Canadian outdoorsman, painter, canoeist and environmentalist, who made many films on the art of canoeing and on the appreciation of nature. Released theatrically in Canada in 1984, it was nominated for a Genie Award for \"Best Documentary Feature.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Charlie Day", "paragraph_text": "Day has been married to actress Mary Elizabeth Ellis since March 4, 2006. They met in 2001 and were dating in 2004 when they co-starred as incestuous siblings on Reno 911!. Ellis has a recurring role on It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia as ``The Waitress '', a coffee shop employee and object of the unrequited love and obsession for Day's character. The couple had their first child, a son, in 2011.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Mary Elizabeth Ellis", "paragraph_text": "Mary Elizabeth Ellis (born May 11, 1979) is an American actress. She is best known for her role as The Waitress on the FX sitcom It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia. She has also starred in the NBC sitcom Perfect Couples and the Fox sitcom The Grinder. She also starred as Nick's ex-girlfriend in the series New Girl.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Kanye West", "paragraph_text": "Bush stated in an interview that the comment was \"one of the most disgusting moments\" of his presidency. In November 2010, in a taped interview with Matt Lauer for the Today show, West expressed regret for his criticism of Bush. \"I would tell George Bush in my moment of frustration, I didn't have the grounds to call him a racist\", he told Lauer. \"I believe that in a situation of high emotion like that we as human beings don't always choose the right words.\" The following day, Bush reacted to the apology in a live interview with Lauer saying he appreciated the rapper's remorse. \"I'm not a hater\", Bush said. \"I don't hate Kanye West. I was talking about an environment in which people were willing to say things that hurt. Nobody wants to be called a racist if in your heart you believe in equality of races.\" Reactions were mixed, but some felt that West had no need to apologize. \"It was not the particulars of your words that mattered, it was the essence of a feeling of the insensitivity towards our communities that many of us have felt for far too long\", argued Def Jam co-founder Russell Simmons. Bush himself was receptive to the apology, saying, \"I appreciate that. It wasn't just Kanye West who was talking like that during Katrina, I cited him as an example, I cited others as an example as well. You know, I appreciate that.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Dwight D. Eisenhower", "paragraph_text": "The development of the appreciation medals was initiated by the White House and executed by the Bureau of the Mint through the U.S. Mint in Philadelphia. The medals were struck from September 1958 through October 1960. A total of twenty designs are cataloged with a total mintage of 9,858. Each of the designs incorporates the text \"with appreciation\" or \"with personal and official gratitude\" accompanied with Eisenhower's initials \"D.D.E.\" or facsimile signature. The design also incorporates location, date, and/or significant event. Prior to the end of his second term as President, 1,451 medals were turned-in to the Bureau of the Mint and destroyed. The Eisenhower appreciation medals are part of the Presidential Medal of Appreciation Award Medal Series.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "IEEE Centennial Medal", "paragraph_text": "The IEEE Centennial Medal was a medal minted and awarded in 1984 \"to persons deserving of special recognition for extraordinary achievement\" to celebrate the Centennial of the founding of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 1884. The medal was designed by sculptor Gladys Gunzer.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "India Government Mint", "paragraph_text": "The India Government Mint operates four mints in the country for the production of coins. This move proposed by PM, is estimated to save 20 billion on currency transportation costs over the next 5 years. The other mints are in:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "United States Mint coin sets", "paragraph_text": "All releases from 1936 to 1972 included the cent, nickel, dime, quarter, and half dollar from that year. The first proof sets through 1964 were minted at the Philadelphia Mint. There were two official releases in 1942: one regular five coin set and a set including a silver wartime nickel. United States currency was debased beginning in 1965, but the sets continued under the name United States Mint Proof Set. Production was moved to the San Francisco branch in 1968, and all subsequent issues bear coins with an ``S ''mint mark. In 1973, the Eisenhower dollar was added to the collection. Sets from 1975 will have a dual - date 1776 - 1976 quarter, half - dollar, and dollar as none of those coins were ever produced with a 1975 date. The Susan B. Anthony dollar replaced the Eisenhower in 1979. The 1981 mint sets were the only method of obtaining a Susan B. from that year, though many have slipped into circulation. With the cease in minting of dollar coins, the regular issue Proof Set for 1982 included a brass token. From 1983 until 1998, the annual United States Proof set resumed to only issuing the penny, nickel, dime, quarter, and half - dollar.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Glenn Howerton", "paragraph_text": "Glenn Franklin Howerton III (born April 13, 1976) is an American actor, producer, and screenwriter. He is known for his roles as Dennis Reynolds in It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia, for which he is also a writer and executive producer, and Jack Griffin in A.P. Bio, as well as the lead role in the short - lived sitcom That '80s Show.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Starved", "paragraph_text": "\"Starved\" was shot in the spring of 2005 in New York City using a single-camera setup and without a laugh track. It and \"Sunny\" were the first shows that FX produced inhouse.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Religion in Saudi Arabia", "paragraph_text": "The official form of Islam is Sunni of the Hanbali school, in its Salafi version. According to official statistics, 75–85% of Saudi Arabian citizens are Sunni Muslims, 10–15% are Shia. (More than 30% of the population is made up of foreign workers who are predominantly but not entirely Muslim.) It is unknown how many Ahmadis there are in the country. The two holiest cities of Islam, Mecca and Medina, are in Saudi Arabia. For many reasons, non-Muslims are not permitted to enter the holy cities although some Western non-Muslims have been able to enter, disguised as Muslims.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Crown (British coin)", "paragraph_text": "Always a heavy silver coin weighing around one ounce, during the 19th and 20th centuries the crown declined from being a real means of exchange to being a coin rarely spent and minted for commemorative purposes only. In that format it has continued to be minted, even following decimalisation of the British currency in 1971. However, as the result of inflation the value of the coin was revised upwards in 1990 to five pounds.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Australian one-cent coin", "paragraph_text": "The first issue (1966) was produced by three mints: 146.5 million were minted at the Royal Australian Mint in Canberra, with 239 million at the Melbourne Mint and 26.6 million at the Perth Mint. With the exception of 1966 and 1981, all other one - cent coins have been produced at the Canberra mint. In 1981, 40.3 million were struck at the British Royal Mint in Llantrisant, Wales, as well as 183.6 million in Canberra. The only year when it was not minted during its years in general circulation was 1986. It was last minted in 1990.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Glenn Howerton", "paragraph_text": "Glenn Franklin Howerton III (born April 13, 1976) is an American actor, producer, and screenwriter. He is known for his role as Dennis Reynolds in It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia, for which he is also a writer and executive producer.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Royal Mint", "paragraph_text": "The Royal Mint is a government - owned mint that produces coins for the United Kingdom. Operating under the name Royal Mint Ltd, the mint is a limited company that is wholly owned by Her Majesty's Treasury and is under an exclusive contract to supply all the nation's coinage. As well as minting circulating coins for use domestically and internationally, the mint also produces planchets, commemorative coins, various types of medals and precious metal bullion. The mint exports to an average of 60 countries a year, making up 70% of its total sales. Formed over 1,100 years ago, the mint was historically part of a series of mints that became centralised to produce coins for the Kingdom of England, all of Great Britain and eventually most of the British Empire. The original London mint from which the Royal Mint is the successor, was established in 886 AD and operated within the Tower of London for approximately 800 years before moving to what is now called Royal Mint Court where it remained until the 1960s. As Britain followed the rest of the world in decimalising its currency, the Mint moved from London to a new 38 acres (15 ha) plant in Llantrisant, Wales where it has remained since.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 38356, "question": "In what city were the appreciation medals minted?", "answer": "Philadelphia", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 }, { "id": 52243, "question": "how many seasons are in it's always sunny in #1", "answer": "fourteenth season", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "List of countries by GDP (nominal)", "paragraph_text": "Although the rankings of national economies have changed considerably over time, the United States has maintained its top position since the Gilded Age, a time period in which its economy saw rapid expansion, surpassing the British Empire and Qing dynasty in aggregate output. Since China's transition to a market - based economy through privatisation and deregulation, the country has seen its ranking increase from ninth in 1978 to second to only the United States in 2016 as economic growth accelerated and its share of global nominal GDP surged from 2% in 1980 to 15% in 2016. India has also experienced a similar economic boom since the implementation of economic liberalisation in the early 1990s. When supranational entities are included, the European Union is the second largest economy in the world. It was the largest from 2004, when ten countries joined the union, to 2014, after which it was surpassed by the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Netherlands", "paragraph_text": "The Netherlands has a developed economy and has been playing a special role in the European economy for many centuries. Since the 16th century, shipping, fishing, agriculture, trade, and banking have been leading sectors of the Dutch economy. The Netherlands has a high level of economic freedom. The Netherlands is one of the top countries in the Global Enabling Trade Report (2nd in 2016), and was ranked the fifth most competitive economy in the world by the Swiss International Institute for Management Development in 2017. In addition, the country was ranked the second most innovative nation in the world in the 2018 Global Innovation Index.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "China and the World Trade Organization", "paragraph_text": "China became a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO) on 11 December 2001. The admission of China to the WTO was preceded by a lengthy process of negotiations and required significant changes to the Chinese economy. It signified China's deeper integration into the world economy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Switzerland", "paragraph_text": "Switzerland has a stable, prosperous and high-tech economy and enjoys great wealth, being ranked as the wealthiest country in the world per capita in multiple rankings. In 2011 it was ranked as the wealthiest country in the world in per capita terms (with \"wealth\" being defined to include both financial and non-financial assets), while the 2013 Credit Suisse Global Wealth Report showed that Switzerland was the country with the highest average wealth per adult in 2013. It has the world's nineteenth largest economy by nominal GDP and the thirty-sixth largest by purchasing power parity. It is the twentieth largest exporter, despite its small size. Switzerland has the highest European rating in the Index of Economic Freedom 2010, while also providing large coverage through public services. The nominal per capita GDP is higher than those of the larger Western and Central European economies and Japan. If adjusted for purchasing power parity, Switzerland ranks 8th in the world in terms of GDP per capita, according to the World Bank and IMF (ranked 15th according to the CIA Worldfactbook).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Estonia", "paragraph_text": "A developed country with an advanced, high-income economy and high living standards, Estonia ranks very high in the Human Development Index, and performs favourably in measurements of economic freedom, civil liberties, education, and press freedom (third in the world in 2012). Estonia has been among the fastest growing economies in the European Union and is a part of the World Trade Organization and the Nordic Investment Bank. Estonia is often described as one of the most internet-focused countries in Europe.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Economy of Texas", "paragraph_text": "As a sovereign country (2016), Texas would be the 10th largest economy in the world by GDP (ahead of South Korea and Canada). Texas's household income was $48,259 in 2010 ranking 25th in the nation. The state debt in 2012 was calculated to be $121.7 billion, or $7,400 per taxpayer. Texas has the second largest population in the country after California.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Himachal Pradesh", "paragraph_text": "The economy of Himachal Pradesh is currently the third-fastest growing economy in India.[citation needed] Himachal Pradesh has been ranked fourth in the list of the highest per capita incomes of Indian states. This has made it one of the wealthiest places in the entire South Asia. Abundance of perennial rivers enables Himachal to sell hydroelectricity to other states such as Delhi, Punjab, and Rajasthan. The economy of the state is highly dependent on three sources: hydroelectric power, tourism, and agriculture.[citation needed]", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "South Asia", "paragraph_text": "India is the largest & fastest growing economy in the region (US $2.180 trillion) and makes up almost 82% of the South Asian economy; it is the world's 7th largest in nominal terms and 3rd largest by purchasing power adjusted exchange rates (US $8.020 trillion). India is the only member of powerful G - 20 major economies and BRICS from the region. It is the fastest growing major economy in the world and one of the world's fastest registering a growth of 7.3% in FY 2014 -- 15. Pakistan has the next largest economy ($250 billion) and the 5th highest GDP per capita in the region, followed by Bangladesh and then by Sri Lanka which has the 2nd highest per capita and is the 4th largest economy in the region. According to a World Bank report in 2015, driven by a strong expansion in India, coupled with favorable oil prices, from the last quarter of 2014 South Asia become the fastest - growing region in the world", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Economy of Switzerland", "paragraph_text": "The economy of Switzerland is one of the world's most stable economies. The service sector has also come to play a significant economic role, particularly the Swiss banking industry and tourism. The economy of Switzerland ranks first in the world in the 2015 Global Innovation Index and the 2017 Global Competitiveness Report. According to United Nations data for 2016, Switzerland is the third richest landlocked country in the world after Liechtenstein and Luxembourg, and together with Norway the only two countries in the world with a GDP per capita above US $70,000 that are neither island nations nor ministates.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Economy of California", "paragraph_text": "If the state were considered separately, it would rank as the fifth largest economy in the world, behind rest of the United States, China, Japan, and Germany as of 2017. The state recently overtook the United Kingdom to take the fifth spot. The U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis reported that California's GDP was $2.751 trillion in 3rd quarter 2017.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Economy of India", "paragraph_text": "The economy of India is the sixth - largest in the world measured by nominal GDP and the third - largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). The country ranks 141st in per capita GDP (nominal) with $1723 and 123rd in per capita GDP (PPP) with $6,616 as of 2016. After 1991 economic liberalisation, India achieved 6 - 7% average GDP growth annually. In FY 2015 and 2017 India's economy became the world's fastest growing major economy surpassing China.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Economy of Oceania", "paragraph_text": "On a total scale the region has approximately 34,700,201 inhabitants who are spread among 30,000 islands in the South Pacific bordered between Asia and the Americas. This region has a diverse mix of economies from the highly developed and globally competitive financial market of Australia to the much less developed economies that belong to many of its island neighbours. New Zealand is the only other developed country in the region, although the economy of Australia is by far the largest and most dominant economy in the region and one of the largest in the world.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Maharashtra", "paragraph_text": "The politics of the state since its formation in 1960 have been dominated by the Indian National Congress party. Maharashtra became a bastion of the Congress party producing stalwarts such as Yashwantrao Chavan, Vasantdada Patil, Vasantrao Naik and Shankarrao Chavan. Sharad Pawar has been a towering personality in the state and National politics for over forty years. During his career, he has split the Congress twice with significant consequences for the state politics. The Congress party enjoyed a near unchallenged dominance of the political landscape until 1995 when the Shiv Sena and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) secured an overwhelming majority in the state to form a coalition government. After his second parting from the Congress party in 1999, Sharad Pawar formed the NCP but formed a coalition with the Congress to keep out the BJP-Shivsena combine out of the government for fifteen years until September 2014. Prithviraj Chavan of the Congress party was the last Chief Minister of Maharashtra under the Congress / NCP alliance.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Namibia", "paragraph_text": "In 2013, global business and financial news provider, Bloomberg, named Namibia the top emerging market economy in Africa and the 13th best in the world. Only four African countries made the Top 20 Emerging Markets list in the March 2013 issue of Bloomberg Markets magazine, and Namibia was rated ahead of Morocco (19th), South Africa (15th) and Zambia (14th). Worldwide, Namibia also fared better than Hungary, Brazil and Mexico. Bloomberg Markets magazine ranked the top 20 based on more than a dozen criteria. The data came from Bloomberg's own financial-market statistics, IMF forecasts and the World Bank. The countries were also rated on areas of particular interest to foreign investors: the ease of doing business, the perceived level of corruption and economic freedom. In order to attract foreign investment, the government has made improvement in reducing red tape resulted from excessive government regulations making the country one of the least bureaucratic places to do business in the region. However, facilitation payments are occasionally demanded by customs due to cumbersome and costly customs procedures. Namibia is also classified as an Upper Middle Income country by the World Bank, and ranks 87th out of 185 economies in terms of ease of doing business.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Economy of Africa", "paragraph_text": "After an initial rebound from the 2009 world economic crisis, Africa’s economy was undermined in the year 2011 by the Arab uprisings. The continent’s growth fell back from 5% in 2010 to 3.4% in 2011. With the recovery of North African economies and sustained improvement in other regions, growth across the continent is expected to accelerate to 4.5% in 2012 and 4.8% in 2013. Short-term problems for the world economy remain as Europe confronts its debt crisis. Commodity prices—crucial for Africa—have declined from their peak due to weaker demand and increased supply, and some could fall further. But prices are expected to remain at levels favourable for African exporter.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "India", "paragraph_text": "Economic liberalisation, begun in 1991, has caused India to become a fast growing major economy and a newly industrialised country. Its gross domestic product ranks sixth in the world in market exchange rates and third in purchasing power parity. Its per capita income ranks 133rd and 116th in the two measures. India faces challenges of poverty, corruption, malnutrition, and inadequate public healthcare. A nuclear weapons state and regional power, it has the second largest active military in the world and ranks high in military expenditure. India is a secular, federal republic, governed in a democratic parliamentary system, and administered in 29 states and seven union territories. A pluralistic, multilingual and multi-ethnic society, India is home to 1.3 billion people. It is also home to a high diversity of wildlife in a variety of protected habitats.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Dajisaheb Chavan", "paragraph_text": "Dajisaheb Chavan was among the early members of the All-India Peasants' and Workers' Party (शेतकरी कामगार पक्ष), a party founded in 1947 as an offshoot of the dominant Indian National Congress. He was elected from Karad seat to Lok Sabha in 1957 as the party's candidate, defeating Swami Ramanand Bharati of Congress. He left the party in 1960 to join Congress. He represented the seat in Lok Sabha until his death in 1973, winning elections in 1962, 1967 and 1971 elections as Congress candidate.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Corpus Christi, Texas", "paragraph_text": "The Port of Corpus Christi, which is the fifth - largest U.S. port and deepest inshore port on the Gulf of Mexico, handles mostly oil and agricultural products. Much of the local economy is driven by tourism and the oil and petrochemicals industry. In 2005, the port was ranked as the 47th - largest in the world by cargo tonnage.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Child labour", "paragraph_text": "Maplecroft Child Labour Index 2012 survey reports 76 countries pose extreme child labour complicity risks for companies operating worldwide. The ten highest risk countries in 2012, ranked in decreasing order, were: Myanmar, North Korea, Somalia, Sudan, DR Congo, Zimbabwe, Afghanistan, Burundi, Pakistan and Ethiopia. Of the major growth economies, Maplecroft ranked Philippines 25th riskiest, India 27th, China 36th, Viet Nam 37th, Indonesia 46th, and Brazil 54th - all of them rated to involve extreme risks of child labour uncertainties, to corporations seeking to invest in developing world and import products from emerging markets.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Switzerland", "paragraph_text": "The World Economic Forum's Global Competitiveness Report currently ranks Switzerland's economy as the most competitive in the world, while ranked by the European Union as Europe's most innovative country. For much of the 20th century, Switzerland was the wealthiest country in Europe by a considerable margin (by GDP – per capita). In 2007 the gross median household income in Switzerland was an estimated 137,094 USD at Purchasing power parity while the median income was 95,824 USD. Switzerland also has one of the world's largest account balances as a percentage of GDP.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 103735, "question": "Where was Dajisaheb Chavan from?", "answer": "India", "paragraph_support_idx": 16 }, { "id": 46849, "question": "where does #1 's economy rank in the world", "answer": "sixth - largest", "paragraph_support_idx": 10 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Cigar", "paragraph_text": "In Seven Years' War it is believed Israel Putnam brought back a cache of Havana cigars, making cigar smoking popular in the US after the American Revolution. He also brought Cuban tobacco seeds which he planted in the Hartford area of New England. This reportedly resulted in the development of the renowned Connecticut Wrapper.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Bird migration", "paragraph_text": "The migration of birds also aids the movement of other species, including those of ectoparasites such as ticks and lice, which in turn may carry micro-organisms including those of concern to human health. Due to the global spread of avian influenza, bird migration has been studied as a possible mechanism of disease transmission, but it has been found not to present a special risk; import of pet and domestic birds is a greater threat. Some viruses that are maintained in birds without lethal effects, such as the West Nile Virus may however be spread by migrating birds. Birds may also have a role in the dispersal of propagules of plants and plankton.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Abandon (album)", "paragraph_text": "The album was followed by a successful 1998/1999 world tour which brought Deep Purple to Australia for the first time in 15 years. In 1999 a live album and DVD \"\" recorded in Melbourne on 20 April 1999 was released.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Euphorbia palustris", "paragraph_text": "Euphorbia palustris, the marsh spurge or marsh euphorbia, is a species of flowering plant in the family Euphorbiaceae, native to marshland throughout much of mainland Europe and western Asia. It is an herbaceous perennial growing to tall and wide, with narrow leaves turning red and yellow in autumn, and persistent, bright acid yellow flower-heads (cyathia), across, in spring.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Lockheed Martin VH-71 Kestrel", "paragraph_text": "The Lockheed Martin VH-71 Kestrel was a variant of the AgustaWestland AW101 (formerly the EH101) that was being manufactured to replace the United States Marine Corps' Marine One U.S. Presidential transport fleet. Originally marketed for various competitions as the \"US101\", it was developed and manufactured in the US by a consortium headed by Lockheed Martin, consisting of Lockheed Martin Systems Integration – Owego (LMSI), AgustaWestland and Bell Helicopter.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Saint Barthélemy", "paragraph_text": "Other trees of note include the royal palm, sea grape trees in the form of shrubs on the beaches and as 5 to 7 m trees in the interior areas of the island, aloe or aloe vera (brought from the Mediterranean), the night blooming cereus, mamillaria nivosa, yellow prickly pear or barbary fig which was planted as barbed wire defences against invading British army in 1773, Mexican cactus, stapelia gigantea, golden trumpet or yellow bell which was originally from South America, bougainvillea and others.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Lauren Fenmore", "paragraph_text": "Lauren Fenmore is a fictional character from the American CBS soap opera The Young and the Restless, portrayed by actress Tracey E. Bregman. Introduced by William J. Bell, the character made her debut during the episode airing on January 21, 1983. In 1992, Bregman brought the character to The Bold and the Beautiful, resulting in her migrating there fully in 1995.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Altarpiece of Saints Ursula, Martin and Anthony", "paragraph_text": "The Altarpiece of Saints Ursula, Martin and Anthony is a reredo by the Spanish late Gothic painter Gonzalo Pérez, dating to 1420 and housed in the Museu de Belles Arts of Valencia, Spain.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Grape", "paragraph_text": "Grapes are a type of fruit that grow in clusters of 15 to 300, and can be crimson, black, dark blue, yellow, green, orange, and pink. \"White\" grapes are actually green in color, and are evolutionarily derived from the purple grape. Mutations in two regulatory genes of white grapes turn off production of anthocyanins, which are responsible for the color of purple grapes. Anthocyanins and other pigment chemicals of the larger family of polyphenols in purple grapes are responsible for the varying shades of purple in red wines. Grapes are typically an ellipsoid shape resembling a prolate spheroid.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Yellow (Coldplay song)", "paragraph_text": "``Yellow ''is a song by the British rock band Coldplay. The band wrote the song and co-produced it with British record producer Ken Nelson for their debut album, Parachutes (2000). The song's lyrics are a reference to the band's lead singer Chris Martin's unrequited love.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Great Bengal famine of 1770", "paragraph_text": "As a result of the famine, large areas were depopulated and returned to jungle for decades to come, as the survivors migrated in search of food. Many cultivated lands were abandoned—much of Birbhum, for instance, returned to jungle and was virtually impassable for decades afterwards. From 1772 onwards, bands of bandits and Thugs became an established feature of Bengal, and were only brought under control by punitive actions in the 1890s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Echium plantagineum in Australia", "paragraph_text": "In the 1880s, it was introduced to Australia, probably both as an accidental contaminant of pasture seed and as an ornamental plant. Reportedly, both names for the plant derive from Jane Paterson or Patterson, an early settler of the country near Albury. She brought the first seeds from Europe to beautify a garden, and then could only watch helplessly as the weed infested previously productive pastures for many miles around.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Philadelphia Eagles", "paragraph_text": "The franchise was established in 1933 as a replacement for the bankrupt Frankford Yellow Jackets, when a group led by Bert Bell secured the rights to an NFL franchise in Philadelphia. Bell, Chuck Bednarik, Bob Brown, Brian Dawkins, Reggie White, Steve Van Buren, Tommy McDonald, Greasy Neale, Pete Pihos, Sonny Jurgensen, and Norm Van Brocklin have been inducted to the Pro Football Hall of Fame.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Association football", "paragraph_text": "The referee may punish a player's or substitute's misconduct by a caution (yellow card) or dismissal (red card). A second yellow card at the same game leads to a red card, and therefore to a dismissal. A player given a yellow card is said to have been \"booked\", the referee writing the player's name in his official notebook. If a player has been dismissed, no substitute can be brought on in their place. Misconduct may occur at any time, and while the offences that constitute misconduct are listed, the definitions are broad. In particular, the offence of \"unsporting behaviour\" may be used to deal with most events that violate the spirit of the game, even if they are not listed as specific offences. A referee can show a yellow or red card to a player, substitute or substituted player. Non-players such as managers and support staff cannot be shown the yellow or red card, but may be expelled from the technical area if they fail to conduct themselves in a responsible manner.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Vicia lutea", "paragraph_text": "Vicia lutea (yellow vetch, smooth yellow vetch) is a plant species of the genus \"Vicia\". It is native to Europe, western Asia, and North Africa, and it is known on other continents as an introduced species. It is an annual herb. It has leaves made up of several pairs of oblong or linear leaflets each 1 to 2 centimeters long. It produces solitary flowers or clusters of up to 3 flowers with yellow or purple-tinged corollas up to 3 centimeters in length.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "The Big Comfy Couch", "paragraph_text": "Loonette is the lead character, portrayed by Alyson Court from 1992 -- 2002 and Ramona Gilmour - Darling in 2006 - 2007. She is a young clown living with her doll, Molly, on the eponymous Big Comfy Couch, an over-sized green couch with flower patterns on it. She wears a pink dress with purple sleeves and a white shirt with yellow clown suns and moons. She also wears a purple hat on her head and wears black and white socks with black shoes on her feet.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "History of the Philadelphia Eagles", "paragraph_text": "In exchange for an entry fee of $2,500, the Bell - Wray group was awarded the assets of the failed Yellow Jackets organization. Drawing inspiration from the insignia of the centerpiece of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal, specifically the National Recovery Act's ``blue eagle, ''Bell and Wray named the new franchise the Philadelphia Eagles, with Bell as president and general manager and Wray as head coach. Neither the Eagles nor the NFL officially regard the two franchises as the same, citing the aforementioned period of dormancy. The Eagles simply inherited the NFL rights to the Philadelphia area. Further, Wray and Bell assembled an almost entirely new team; only a single player from the 1931 Yellow Jackets ended up with the 1933 Eagles.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Green", "paragraph_text": "Unfortunately for those who wanted or were required to wear green, there were no good vegetal green dyes which resisted washing and sunlight. Green dyes were made out of the fern, plantain, buckthorn berries, the juice of nettles and of leeks, the digitalis plant, the broom plant, the leaves of the fraxinus, or ash tree, and the bark of the alder tree, but they rapidly faded or changed color. Only in the 16th century was a good green dye produced, by first dyeing the cloth blue with woad, and then yellow with reseda luteola, also known as yellow-weed.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In", "paragraph_text": "Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In (often simply referred to as Laugh-In) is an American sketch comedy television program that ran for 140 episodes from January 22, 1968 to March 12, 1973 on the NBC television network, hosted by comedians Dan Rowan and Dick Martin. It originally aired as a one-time special on September 9, 1967 and was such a success that it was brought back as a series, replacing \"The Man from U.N.C.L.E.\" on Mondays at 8 pm (ET).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Cistus ocreatus", "paragraph_text": "Cistus ocreatus is a shrubby species of flowering plant in the family Cistaceae, with purple-pink flowers. It is sometimes treated as synonymous with \"Cistus symphytifolius\" or as its subspecies \"C. symphytifolius\" subsp. \"leucophyllus\". Its name is sometimes spelt Cistus ochreatus. It is endemic to Gran Canaria in the Canary Islands.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 39198, "question": "Where was the plant yellow bell brought from?", "answer": "South America", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 }, { "id": 43712, "question": "when do purple martins migrate to #1", "answer": "winter", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Spectre (2015 film)", "paragraph_text": "Prior to its UK release, Spectre mostly received positive reviews. Mark Kermode, writing in The Guardian, gave the film four out of five stars, observing that the film did not live up to the standard set by Skyfall, but was able to tap into audience expectations. Writing in the same publication, Peter Bradshaw gave the film a full five stars, calling it \"inventive, intelligent and complex\", and singling out Craig's performance as the film's highlight. In another five star review, The Daily Telegraph's Robbie Collin described Spectre as \"a swaggering show of confidence'\", lauding it as \"a feat of pure cinematic necromancy.\" In an otherwise positive, but overall less enthusiastic review, IGN's Chris Tilly considered Spectre \"solid if unspectacular\", and gave the film a 7.2 score (out of a possible 10), saying that \"the film falls frustratingly short of greatness.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "David's Mother", "paragraph_text": "David's Mother is a 1994 American made-for-television drama film directed by Robert Allan Ackerman and stars Kirstie Alley as a devoted mother trying to cope with her autistic teenage son David (Michael Goorjian). The film aired on CBS on April 10, 1994, it has also aired internationally. In the UK it can often be seen on television movie channels True Movies 1 and True Movies 2. It has also been released in home entertainment formats in countries including the United States, UK and Australia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "The Lego Batman Movie", "paragraph_text": "The Lego Batman Movie premiered in Dublin, Ireland on January 29, 2017, and was released in the United States on February 10, 2017. Internationally, the film was released in 3D, RealD 3D, Dolby Cinema, and IMAX 3D and Premium Theaters Cinemark XD, RPX, AMC Prime, Ultrascreen and BigD. The film received positive reviews from critics, who praised its animation, vocal performances, musical score, visual style and humor and grossed $312 million worldwide.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Spectre (2015 film)", "paragraph_text": "To promote the film, production continued the trend established during Skyfall's production of releasing still images of clapperboards and video blogs on Eon's official social media accounts.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Fried Green Tomatoes", "paragraph_text": "The film was given a limited release in the US on December 27, 1991, opening in five theaters. It got a wide release four weeks later on January 24, 1992, in 673 theaters. It ran for 19 weeks in total, with its widest release having been 1,331 theaters.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Spectre (2015 film)", "paragraph_text": "The song was released as a digital download on 25 September 2015. It received mixed reviews from critics and fans, particularly in comparison to Adele's \"Skyfall\". The mixed reception to the song led to Shirley Bassey trending on Twitter on the day it was released. It became the first Bond theme to reach number one in the UK Singles Chart. The English band Radiohead also composed a song for the film, which went unused.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Spectre (2015 film)", "paragraph_text": "Spectre opened in Germany with $22.45 million (including previews), which included a new record for the biggest Saturday of all time, Australia with $8.7 million (including previews) and South Korea opened to $8.2 million (including previews). Despite the 13 November Paris attacks, which led to numerous theaters being closed down, the film opened with $14.6 million (including $2 million in previews) in France. In Mexico, where part of the film was shot, it debuted with more than double that of Skyfall with $4.5 million. It also bested its predecessor's opening in various Nordic regions where MGM is distributing, such as in Finland ($2.66 million) and Norway ($2.91 million), and in other markets like Denmark ($4.2 million), the Netherlands ($3.38 million), and Sweden ($3.1 million). In India, it opened at No. 1 with $4.8 million which is 4% above the opening of Skyfall. It topped the German-speaking Switzerland box office for four weeks and in the Netherlands, it has held the No. 1 spot for seven weeks straight where it has topped Minions to become the top movie of the year. The top earning markets are Germany ($70.3 million) and France ($38.8 million). In Paris, it has the second highest ticket sales of all time with $4.1 million tickets sold only behind Spider-Man 3 which sold over $6.32 million tickets in 2007.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Waiting for a Star to Fall", "paragraph_text": "The song was used as the closing track to the 1990 movie Three Men and a Little Lady, and the single was re-released as a movie tie - in, with a new picture sleeve featuring the actors of the film. It peaked at # 76 in the UK.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "The Hunger Games (film)", "paragraph_text": "The film was released on March 21, 2012, in some European countries and in the US on March 23, 2012, in both conventional theaters and digital IMAX theaters. Japan received it last, on September 28. When the film released, it set records for opening day ($67.3 million) and opening weekend for a non-sequel. At the time of its release, the film's opening weekend gross ($152.5 million) was the third - largest of any movie in North America. It is the first film since Avatar to remain in first place at the North American box office for four consecutive weekends. The film was a massive box - office success by grossing over $694 million worldwide against its budget of $78 million, making it the third - highest - grossing film in the United States and ninth highest - grossing film of 2012. It was released on DVD and Blu - ray Disc on August 18, 2012. With 7,434,058 units sold, the DVD was the best - selling DVD of 2012. A sequel, The Hunger Games: Catching Fire, was released on November 22, 2013, in the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "A Year at the Movies: One Man's Filmgoing Odyssey", "paragraph_text": "A Year at the Movies: One Man's Filmgoing Odyssey is a book written by \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\" performer Kevin Murphy about his experiences of seeing a movie each day, for the entire year of 2001. Much of the content derives not only from Murphy's \"filmgoing odyssey\" but also from his thoughts and observations on the changing nature of the filmgoing experience itself. Murphy comments extensively on the overwhelming prevalence of multiplex movie theaters which generally screen Hollywood blockbuster films at the expense of a wider range of classic, independent and foreign language films. While many of the daily film viewings chronicled in the book fall into the Hollywood kitsch category, quite a few sections deal with films that Murphy actually enjoyed watching, whether because of the film itself or because of the quality of the theater in which it was viewed.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Spectre (2015 film)", "paragraph_text": "In the United Kingdom, the film grossed £4.1 million ($6.4 million) from its Monday preview screenings. It grossed £6.3 million ($9.2 million) on its opening day and then £5.7 million ($8.8 million) on Wednesday, setting UK records for both days. In the film's first seven days it grossed £41.7 million ($63.8 million), breaking the UK record for highest first-week opening, set by Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban's £23.88 million ($36.9 million) in 2004. Its Friday–Saturday gross was £20.4 million ($31.2 million) compared to Skyfall's £20.1 million ($31 million). The film also broke the record for the best per-screen opening average with $110,000, a record previously held by The Dark Knight with $100,200. It has grossed a total of $136.3 million there. In the U.K., it surpassed Avatar to become the country's highest-grossing IMAX release ever with $10.09 million.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Jeepers Creepers 3", "paragraph_text": "During an interview for the Edmond Sun, Justin Hall specifically revealed that the film would be released on September 4, but nothing was confirmed by Victor Salva or the movie studio. On August 16, the AMC Theaters website stated Jeepers Creepers 3 opens on September 26, 2017. On August 29, selected theaters began selling tickets along with the official poster, revealing that the film would be on display for only one night. Fathom Events then announced that the film's premiere would also feature never - before - seen bonus pictures and an interview with Jonathan Breck, who plays the Creeper in all three franchise films. A second showing in theaters on October 4 was later added. Fandango updated the brief film synopsis shortly after, ``this Fall, the Creeper returns. See the next film in the iconic horror franchise when Jeepers Creepers 3 returns for a special encore event in movie theaters nationwide for only one night on Wednesday, October 4. ''Other participating theaters included Marcus Theaters and Galaxy Theaters", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "List of SpongeBob SquarePants episodes", "paragraph_text": "Since its debut on May 1, 1999, SpongeBob SquarePants has broadcast 234 episodes, and its eleventh season premiered on June 24, 2017. The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie, a feature - length film, was released in theaters on November 19, 2004 and grossed over US $140 million worldwide. Atlantis SquarePantis, a television film guest starring David Bowie, debuted as part of the fifth season. In 2009, Nickelodeon celebrated the show's tenth anniversary with Square Roots: The Story of SpongeBob SquarePants and SpongeBob's Truth or Square. The SpongeBob Movie: Sponge Out of Water, a stand - alone sequel, was released in theaters on February 6, 2015 and grossed over US $324 million worldwide.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "My Hero Academia: Two Heroes", "paragraph_text": "My Hero Academia: Two Heroes has been licensed by Funimation, who premiered the English dub in Los Angeles on September 15, 2018, and a wider theatrical release in 400 theaters in the United States and Canada from September 25 through October 2, 2018. The film premiered in Australia at Madman Anime Festival Melbourne on September 15, 2018, with a wider release on September 27, 2018 in Australia, and October 17, 2018 in New Zealand. The film premiered in the United Kingdom at Scotland Loves Anime in Glasgow on October 13, 2018, with Manga Entertainment providing a wider theatrical release in both the UK and Ireland on December 4, 2018. The film was also distributed to theaters in Singapore and Indonesia through ODEX, with limited showings on October 6th and October 13th, 2018 respectively; wide releases started on October 11th and October 17th, 2018 in Singapore and Indonesia respectively. The film was licensed by Pioneer Films in the Philippines, with an initial fan screening occurring on October 16th, 2018 and three additional advance screenings on the 20th, following a delayed wider release, originally slated for the 17th. Viz Media Europe acquired the rights to the film for release in regions that speak French, German, and Italian in Europe.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Spectre (2015 film)", "paragraph_text": "In the United States and Canada, the film opened on 6 November 2015, and in its opening weekend, was originally projected to gross $70–75 million from 3,927 screens, the widest release for a Bond film. However, after grossing $5.25 million from its early Thursday night showings and $28 million on its opening day, weekend projections were increased to $75–80 million. The film ended up grossing $70.4 million in its opening weekend (about $20 million less than Skyfall's $90.6 million debut, including IMAX previews), but nevertheless finished first at the box office. IMAX generated $9.1 million for Spectre at 374 screens, premium large format made $8 million from 429 cinemas, reaping 11% of the film's opening, which means that Spectre earned $17.1 million (23%) of its opening weekend total in large-format venues. Cinemark XD generated $1.85 million in 112 XD locations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "List of SpongeBob SquarePants episodes", "paragraph_text": "Since its debut on May 1, 1999, SpongeBob SquarePants has broadcast 218 episodes, and its eleventh season premiered on June 24, 2017. The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie, a feature - length film, was released in theaters on November 19, 2004 and grossed over US $140 million worldwide. Atlantis SquarePantis, a television film guest starring David Bowie, debuted as part of the fifth season. In 2009, Nickelodeon celebrated the show's tenth anniversary with Square Roots: The Story of SpongeBob SquarePants and SpongeBob's Truth or Square. The SpongeBob Movie: Sponge Out of Water, a stand - alone sequel, was released in theaters on February 6, 2015 and grossed over US $324 million worldwide.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Franklin and the Turtle Lake Treasure", "paragraph_text": "Franklin and the Turtle Lake Treasure (Franklin et le trésor du lac in France) is a children's animated adventure drama film released on September 6, 2006, based on the TV series \"Franklin\". It was the first Franklin movie shown in theaters in Canada and France.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Funny People", "paragraph_text": "The first teaser poster for the film was released November 13, 2008. On the day the teaser poster was released, Universal Pictures and MySpace partnered together to create a contest that would allow people to have a part in the film by just writing a comment explaining why. Additionally, Apatow held a stand-up comedy concert event called \"A Night of Funny People\" at the Orpheum Theater in Los Angeles to film a scene for the movie. The event was open to the general public and featured acts by Adam Sandler, Seth Rogen, Aziz Ansari, Sarah Silverman, David Spade, and Patton Oswalt, with Sandler, Rogen, and Ansari performing as their characters in the film. The first theatrical trailer for the film was released February 20, 2009 on the Internet, with a shortened version first appearing in theaters with \"I Love You, Man\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Spectre (2015 film)", "paragraph_text": "Spectre had its world premiere in London on 26 October 2015 at the Royal Albert Hall, the same day as its general release in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland. Following the announcement of the start of filming, Paramount Pictures brought forward the release of Mission: Impossible – Rogue Nation to avoid competing with Spectre. In March 2015 IMAX corporation announced that Spectre would be screened in its cinemas, following Skyfall's success with the company. In the UK it received a wider release than Skyfall, with a minimum of 647 cinemas including 40 IMAX screens, compared to Skyfall's 587 locations and 21 IMAX screens.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Windows 8", "paragraph_text": "Many other builds were released until the Japan's Developers Day conference, when Steven Sinofsky announced that Windows 8 Release Preview (build 8400) would be released during the first week of June. On May 28, 2012, Windows 8 Release Preview (Standard Simplified Chinese x64 edition, not China-specific version, build 8400) was leaked online on various Chinese and BitTorrent websites. On May 31, 2012, Windows 8 Release Preview was released to the public by Microsoft. Major items in the Release Preview included the addition of Sports, Travel, and News apps, along with an integrated version of Adobe Flash Player in Internet Explorer. Like the Developer Preview and the Consumer Preview, the release preview expired on January 15, 2013.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 1317, "question": "Which film had a wider release in the UK, Skyfall or Spectre?", "answer": "Spectre.", "paragraph_support_idx": 18 }, { "id": 1314, "question": "In what month was the preview of #1 released in movie theaters?", "answer": "July", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Sieve tube element", "paragraph_text": "In plant anatomy, sieve tube elements, also called sieve tube members, are highly specialised type of elongated cell in the phloem tissue of flowering plants. The ends of these cells are connected with other sieve tube members, and together they constitute the sieve tube. The main function of the sieve tube is transport of carbohydrates, primarily sucrose, in the plant (e.g., from the leaves to the fruits and roots). Unlike the water - conducting xylem vessel elements that are dead when mature, sieve elements are living cells. They are unique in lacking a nucleus at maturity.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Rover Dangerfield", "paragraph_text": "Rover Dangerfield is a 1991 American animated musical comedy film starring the voice talent of comedian Rodney Dangerfield, who also wrote and co-produced the film. It is about a street dog named Rover, who is owned by a Las Vegas showgirl. Rover gets dumped off Hoover Dam by the showgirl's boyfriend. However, rather than drowning, Rover ends up on a farm.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Eustachian tube", "paragraph_text": "The Eustachian tube / juː ˌsteɪ. ʃən /, also known as the auditory tube or pharyngotympanic tube, is a tube that links the nasopharynx to the middle ear. It is a part of the middle ear. In adult humans the Eustachian tube is approximately 35 mm (1.4 in) long and 3 mm (0.12 in) in diameter. It is named after the sixteenth - century anatomist Bartolomeo Eustachi.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Old Kupferdreh station", "paragraph_text": "Old Kupferdreh station () was built by the Prussian state railways in the Essen district of Kupferdreh in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia and opened in 1898 on the Prince William Railway. The station is close to the start of the first German railway, which was opened on 20 September 1831 by the Deil Valley Railway Company to Nierenhof.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Gastric bypass surgery", "paragraph_text": "The mini gastric bypass procedure was first developed by Robert Rutledge from the US in 1997, as a modification of the standard Billroth II procedure. A mini gastric bypass creates a long narrow tube of the stomach along its right border (the lesser curvature). A loop of the small gut is brought up and hooked to this tube at about 180 cm from the start of the intestine", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Crookes tube", "paragraph_text": "A Crookes tube (also Crookes–Hittorf tube) is an early experimental electrical discharge tube, with partial vacuum, invented by English physicist William Crookes and others around 1869-1875, in which cathode rays, streams of electrons, were discovered.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Trinidad metro station", "paragraph_text": "Trinidad is an elevated metro station on the Line 4 of the Santiago Metro, in Santiago, Chile. The side platforms and tracks are wrapped in a large elliptical cross section tube. The station has a mezzanine area below the tracks.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Dynatron oscillator", "paragraph_text": "In electronics, the dynatron oscillator, invented in 1918 by Albert Hull at General Electric, is an obsolete vacuum tube electronic oscillator circuit which uses a negative resistance characteristic in early tetrode vacuum tubes, caused by a process called secondary emission. It was the first negative resistance vacuum tube oscillator. The dynatron oscillator circuit was used to a limited extent as beat frequency oscillators (BFOs), and local oscillators in vacuum tube radio receivers as well as in scientific and test equipment from the 1920s to the 1940s but became obsolete around World War 2 due to the variability of secondary emission in tubes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Marilyn Monroe", "paragraph_text": "When the studio was still reluctant to change Monroe's contract, she founded a film production company in late 1954; she named it Marilyn Monroe Productions (MMP). She dedicated 1955 to building her company and began studying method acting at the Actors Studio. In late 1955, Fox awarded her a new contract, which gave her more control and a larger salary. Her subsequent roles included a critically acclaimed performance in Bus Stop (1956) and the first independent production of MMP, The Prince and the Showgirl (1957). Monroe won a Golden Globe for Best Actress for her work in Some Like It Hot (1959), a critical and commercial success. Her last completed film was the drama The Misfits (1961).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "ENIAC", "paragraph_text": "Several tubes burned out almost every day, leaving ENIAC nonfunctional about half the time. Special high-reliability tubes were not available until 1948. Most of these failures, however, occurred during the warm-up and cool-down periods, when the tube heaters and cathodes were under the most thermal stress. Engineers reduced ENIAC's tube failures to the more acceptable rate of one tube every two days. According to an interview in 1989 with Eckert, \"We had a tube fail about every two days and we could locate the problem within 15 minutes.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Elizabeth Berkley", "paragraph_text": "Elizabeth Berkley Lauren (born July 28, 1972) is an American actress. Berkley's most notable roles were as Jessie Spano in the television series Saved by the Bell, and as Nomi Malone in the 1995 Paul Verhoeven film Showgirls.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Heart development", "paragraph_text": "Heart development refers to the prenatal development of the human heart. This begins with the formation of two endocardial tubes which merge to form the tubular heart, also called the primitive heart tube, that loops and septates into the four chambers and paired arterial trunks that form the adult heart. The heart is the first functional organ in vertebrate embryos, and in the human, beats spontaneously by week 4 of development.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Eustachian tube", "paragraph_text": "The Eustachian tube, also known as the auditory tube or pharyngotympanic tube, is a tube that links the nasopharynx to the middle ear. It is a part of the middle ear. In adult humans the Eustachian tube is approximately 35 mm (1.4 in) long and 3 mm (0.12 in) in diameter. It is named after the sixteenth - century anatomist Bartolomeo Eustachi.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "CKKN-FM", "paragraph_text": "CKKN-FM, branded as 101.3 The River, is a Canadian radio station, which broadcasts a hot adult contemporary format at 101.3 FM in Prince George, British Columbia. The station is owned by the Jim Pattison Group, which also owns sister stations CKDV-FM and CKPG-TV.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Elizabeth Berkley", "paragraph_text": "Elizabeth Berkley Lauren (born July 28, 1972) is an American actress and reality show personality. Berkley's most notable roles were as Jessie Spano in the television series Saved by the Bell, and as Nomi Malone in the 1995 Paul Verhoeven film Showgirls.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Lincoln Tunnel", "paragraph_text": "The Lincoln Tunnel was originally proposed in the late 1920s and early 1930s as the Midtown Hudson Tunnel. The tubes of the Lincoln Tunnel were constructed in stages between 1934 and 1957, having been delayed due to various reasons. The central tube, which originally lacked sufficient funding due to the Great Depression, started construction in 1934 and opened in 1937. The northern tube, which started construction in 1936, was delayed due to World War II - related material shortages and was opened in 1945. Although the original plans for the Lincoln Tunnel called for two tubes, a third tube to the south of the existing tunnels was planned in 1950 due to high traffic demand on the other two tubes. Due to disputes over tunnel approaches, construction on the third tube did not start until 1954, and the third tube opened in 1957. The Lincoln Tunnel underwent a series of gradual improvements in following decades, including changes to security and tolling methods.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Neural tube", "paragraph_text": "In the developing chordate (including vertebrates), the neural tube is the embryo's precursor to the central nervous system, which comprises the brain and spinal cord. The neural groove gradually deepens as the neural folds become elevated, and ultimately the folds meet and coalesce in the middle line and convert the groove into the closed neural tube. In humans, neural tube closure usually occurs by the fourth week of pregnancy (28th day after conception). The ectodermal wall of the tube forms the rudiment of the nervous system. The centre of the tube is the neural canal.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Transbay Tube", "paragraph_text": "The Transbay Tube is an underwater rail tunnel which carries Bay Area Rapid Transit's four transbay lines under San Francisco Bay between the cities of San Francisco and Oakland in California. The tube is long; including the approaches from the nearest stations (one of which is underground), it totals in length. It has a maximum depth of below sea level.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "X-ray tube", "paragraph_text": "The Crookes tube was improved by William Coolidge in 1913. The Coolidge tube, also called hot cathode tube, is the most widely used. It works with a very good quality vacuum (about 10 Pa, or 10 Torr).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "CIRX-FM", "paragraph_text": "CIRX-FM is a Canadian radio station broadcasting at 94.3 FM in Prince George, British Columbia. The station airs an active rock format branded on-air as 94.3 The Goat: World Class Rock.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 43379, "question": "where was the prince and the showgirl filmed", "answer": "London", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 44132, "question": "which was the first tube station in #1", "answer": "10 January 1863", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Human Development Index", "paragraph_text": "The formula defining the HDI is promulgated by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). In general, to transform a raw variable, say , into a unit-free index between 0 and 1 (which allows different indices to be added together), the following formula is used:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Kofi Annan", "paragraph_text": "On 23 February 2012, Annan was appointed as the UN-Arab League envoy to Syria, in an attempt to end the civil war taking place. He developed a six-point plan for peace:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Gideon Byamugisha", "paragraph_text": "Reverend Canon Gideon Byamugisha (born 1959) is an Anglican priest in Uganda with a parish outside of Kampala. In 1992, he became the first religious leader in Africa to publicly announce that he was HIV positive. In 2009, Byamugisha received the 26th annual Niwano Peace Prize \"in recognition of his work to uphold the dignity and human rights of people living with HIV/AIDS\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Richard R. Ernst", "paragraph_text": "Born in Winterthur, Switzerland, Ernst was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1991 for his contributions towards the development of Fourier transform Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy while at Varian Associates, Palo Alto and the subsequent development of multi-dimensional NMR techniques. These underpin applications to both to chemistry with NMR spectroscopy and to medicine with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "United Nations Population Fund", "paragraph_text": "In September 2015, the 193 member states of the United Nations unanimously adopted the Sustainable Development Goals, a set of 17 goals aiming to transform the world over the next 15 years. These goals are designed to eliminate poverty, discrimination, abuse and preventable deaths, address environmental destruction, and usher in an era of development for all people, everywhere.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "A Story of Water", "paragraph_text": "A Story of Water () is a short film directed and written by Jean-Luc Godard and François Truffaut in 1958. It recounts the story of a woman's trip to Paris, which is surrounded by a large flooded area. It was first shown publicly in 1961. The title is a pun on the title of the erotic novel \"Une histoire d'O\". The film was shot in two days. The film is dedicated to Mack Sennett.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Peres Center for Peace", "paragraph_text": "The Peres Center for Peace, located in Jaffa, Israel, is an independent non-profit, non-governmental, and non-political organization founded in 1996 by Nobel Peace Laureate and former President of Israel Shimon Peres. Its aim is to further Peres' vision of people in the Middle East working together to build peace through socio-economic cooperation and development and people-to-people interaction.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "NASA", "paragraph_text": "President Dwight D. Eisenhower established NASA in 1958 with a distinctly civilian (rather than military) orientation encouraging peaceful applications in space science. The National Aeronautics and Space Act was passed on July 29, 1958, disestablishing NASA's predecessor, the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA). The new agency became operational on October 1, 1958.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Ikusi", "paragraph_text": "IKUSI  is a business group located in San Sebastián (Guipúzcoa), Spain which develops activity in the field of technological engineering and development for digital business transformation. The parent company was founded more than 45 years ago. Besides its presence across the whole of Spain, IKUSI currently has extensive international coverage.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Saeed bin Maktoum bin Hasher Al Maktoum", "paragraph_text": "Sheikh Saeed bin Maktoum bin Hasher Al Maktoum (1878 – 9 September 1958) () was the Ruler of Dubai from 1912 until his death in 1958. He presided over Dubai during the end of the pearling boom and through the long and difficult recession that followed the collapse of the pearling market, transforming Dubai into an active trading hub which developed new markets and economic opportunities.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Nepal Peace Pagoda", "paragraph_text": "The Nepal Peace Pagoda in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, is located at the transformed Brisbane World Expo '88 site, South Bank Parklands. It is one of the most significant heritage items in Brisbane from the hosting of the Expo. It is the only international exhibit remaining on the site.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Bacteria", "paragraph_text": "Transformation, unlike transduction or conjugation, depends on numerous bacterial gene products that specifically interact to perform this complex process, and thus transformation is clearly a bacterial adaptation for DNA transfer. In order for a bacterium to bind, take up and recombine donor DNA into its own chromosome, it must first enter a special physiological state termed competence (see Natural competence). In Bacillus subtilis, about 40 genes are required for the development of competence. The length of DNA transferred during B. subtilis transformation can be between a third of a chromosome up to the whole chromosome. Transformation appears to be common among bacterial species, and thus far at least 60 species are known to have the natural ability to become competent for transformation. The development of competence in nature is usually associated with stressful environmental conditions, and seems to be an adaptation for facilitating repair of DNA damage in recipient cells.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Civilization II", "paragraph_text": "\"Civilization II\" was designed by Brian Reynolds, Douglas Caspian-Kaufman and Jeff Briggs. Development was carried on in secret for years, with the game only being publicly announced when the team had reached the point of final tweaks and balancing. The game's working title was \"Civilization 2000\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Birpur, Nepal", "paragraph_text": "Birpur is a town in Shivaraj Municipality in Kapilvastu District in the Lumbini Zone of southern Nepal. The former village development committee was transformed into Municipality from 18 May 2014 by merging the existing Birpur, Nepal, Chanai, Bishunpur, Jawabhari and Shivapur village development committees. At the time of the 2001 Nepal census it had a population of 15255 people living in 1209 individual households.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Faliro Sports Pavilion Arena", "paragraph_text": "The Faliro Sports Pavilion Arena which is part of the Faliro Coastal Zone Olympic Complex is an indoor arena in Palaio Faliro, in Athens, Greece. It is nicknamed \"The Little Peace And Friendship Stadium\", due to its similarity in design and close proximity to the Peace and Friendship Stadium. It was the site of the 2004 Athens Summer Olympics preliminary matches of handball, as well as the taekwondo competition. The arena seats 8,536 for handball matches of 2004 Olympics, though only 3,836 seats were made publicly available during the Olympics.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Atoms for Peace Award", "paragraph_text": "The Atoms for Peace Award was established in 1955 through a grant of $1,000,000 by the Ford Motor Company Fund. An independent nonprofit corporation was set up to administer the award for the development or application of peaceful nuclear technology. It was created in response to U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower's Atoms for Peace speech to the United Nations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Agricultural Development Bank of Zimbabwe", "paragraph_text": "Agricultural Development Bank of Zimbabwe was established as a commercial bank in 1999, according to the website of the Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe. Before that it was known as Agricultural Finance Corporation, which was formerly known as Land and Agricultural Bank, an institution that was established in 1925. In 2003, Agribank transformed into an agricultural development bank, with emphasis on making agricultural loans, but it kept its commercial bank license and function.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Ralph Schoenman", "paragraph_text": "Ralph Schoenman (born 1935) is an American left-wing activist who was a personal secretary to Bertrand Russell and became general secretary of the Bertrand Russell Peace Foundation. He was involved in a number of projects supported by Russell, including the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND), the Committee of 100 and an unofficial war crimes tribunal to try American leaders for their conduct in the Vietnam War. Shortly before his death in 1970, Russell publicly broke with Schoenman.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Wangari Maathai", "paragraph_text": "Wangarĩ Maathai was awarded the 2004 Nobel Peace Prize for her ``contribution to sustainable development, democracy and peace ''. She had received a call from Ole Danbolt Mjos, chair of the Norwegian Nobel Committee, on 8 October informing her of the news. She became the first African woman, and the first environmentalist, to win the prize.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Accounting Standards Board (Canada)", "paragraph_text": "The Accounting Standards Board (AcSB) establishes accounting standards for use by private enterprises and private sector not - for - profit organizations. The AcSB contributes to the development of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) by participating in consultations and activities of the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) to ensure Canadian publicly accountable entities' financial reporting needs are considered. The AcSB develops and participates in the development of high - quality financial reporting standards.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 10222, "question": "Who developed Transformator in 1958?", "answer": "the Soviet Union", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 23354, "question": "Who publicly wanted peace with #1", "answer": "German government", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "List of governors of Mississippi", "paragraph_text": "Governor of Mississippi Arms of the state of Mississippi Incumbent Phil Bryant since January 10, 2012 Style Governor (informal) The Honorable (formal) Status Head of State Head of Government Residence Mississippi Governor's Mansion Term length Four years, renewable once Inaugural holder David Holmes Formation Constitution of Mississippi Succession Every four years, unless reelected Deputy Lieutenant Governor of Mississippi Salary $122,160 (2013)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Highline Big Picture", "paragraph_text": "Highline Big Picture is a small school in the Highline School District in SeaTac, Washington, that is part of a network of Big Picture schools all over the United States. The high school opened 2005 with 2009 being the first year with a graduating class. At Highline Big Picture the 9th graders are called 101's, 10th graders 201's, 11th graders 301's and 12th graders 401's. Highline Big Picture, as part of the Big Picture Network, practices Learning Through Internships or LTI. On Tuesdays and Thursdays students go to internships in their field of interest. The school currently consists of 120 students. On Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays students attend one class a day which contains, at most, 17 students. These classes are called an advisory.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Eugene C. Keyes", "paragraph_text": "Eugene C. Keyes (August 23, 1900 – 1963) was a lieutenant governor in the US state of Michigan from 1943 to 1945 and again from 1947 to 1949.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Francis Fauquier", "paragraph_text": "Francis Fauquier (1703 – 3 March 1768) was a lieutenant governor of Virginia Colony (in what is today the United States), and served as acting governor from 1758 until his death in 1768. He was married to Catherine Dalston.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Lieutenant Governor of Arkansas", "paragraph_text": "The Lieutenant Governor of Arkansas presides over the Arkansas Senate with a tie-breaking vote, serves as governor when the governor is out of state, and serves as governor if the governor is impeached, removed from office, dies or is otherwise unable to discharge the office's duties. The lieutenant governor position is elected separately from the governor.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Governor of Texas", "paragraph_text": "Despite the lack of term limits, no Texas governor in the 19th or 20th centuries ever served more than seven and a half consecutive years in office (Allan Shivers) or eight years total service (Bill Clements, in two non-consecutive four - year terms). Former Governor Rick Perry, who served from 2000 to 2015, has now surpassed both these records, becoming the first Texas governor to serve three consecutive terms. When Perry won the general election on November 2, 2010, he joined Shivers, Price Daniel, and John Connally as the only Texas governors elected to three terms (the terms served by Governors Shivers, Daniel, and Connally were 2 year terms). In case of a vacancy in the office of governor, the lieutenant governor becomes governor. This rule was added only in a 1999 amendment, prior to which the lieutenant governor only acted as governor, except during the time of the 1861 constitution, which said that the lieutenant governor would be styled ``Governor of the State of Texas ''in case of vacancy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "George L. Walton", "paragraph_text": "George L. Walton (1850-1941) was President of the Louisiana State Senate and Acting Lieutenant Governor of Louisiana from 1881 to 1884 serving under Governor Samuel D. McEnery.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "John Shelton Wilder", "paragraph_text": "John Shelton Wilder (June 3, 1921 – January 1, 2010) was an American politician who was the 48th Lieutenant Governor of Tennessee for 36 years from January 1971 to January 2007, when he was defeated, possibly the longest time anyone has served as Lieutenant Governor or a similar position in the history of the United States. He was a Tennessee state senator from 1959 to 1961 and again from 1967 to 2009. Tennesseans do not elect their lieutenant governor; rather, the Speaker of the Senate, who is first in the line of succession to the governor, is granted the title by statute.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Archie H. Miller", "paragraph_text": "Miller was born in Hopkins, Minnesota. He served as a state senator from 1931 to 1943, and became Lieutenant Governor after Edward John Thye resigned to become Governor. He served from May 6, 1943 to January 2, 1945.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Age of candidacy", "paragraph_text": "35 to be the President or Vice President, Governor and Lieutenant - Governor of the States as specified in the Constitution of India", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Governor of Oklahoma", "paragraph_text": "Under Section Four in Article VI of the Oklahoma Constitution, the governor serves a four - year term in office beginning on the second Monday in January. Section Four also states that no person may hold the office for more than two consecutive terms. On November 2, 2010, voters passed a ballot initiative to limit governors to only eight years in office in a lifetime. The initiative also set the gubernatorial term of a lieutenant governor who becomes governor upon the death of the previous governor; upon the lieutenant governor's succession, he or she is to serve out two years of the governor's term.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Lieutenant Governor of Texas", "paragraph_text": "Lieutenant Governor and President of the Senate of Texas Seal of the Lieutenant Governor Incumbent Dan Patrick since January 20, 2015 Style The Honorable Term length Four years, no term limits Inaugural holder Albert Clinton Horton 1846 Formation Texas Constitution Website Office of the Lieutenant Governor", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "1856 New York state election", "paragraph_text": "The 1856 New York state election was held on November 4, 1856, to elect the Governor, the Lieutenant Governor, a Canal Commissioner, an Inspector of State Prisons and the Clerk of the Court of Appeals, as well as all members of the New York State Assembly.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "2018 Alaska gubernatorial election", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 Alaska gubernatorial election will take place on November 6, 2018, to elect the Governor and Lieutenant Governor of Alaska. Incumbent Governor Bill Walker is running for re-election to a second term again as an Independent candidate. In the primaries for recognized political parties, candidates for Governor and Lieutenant Governor run separately. The winners of each respective primary for Governor and Lieutenant Governor then become a joint ticket in the general election for their political party.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina", "paragraph_text": "The Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina is the second - in - command to the Governor of South Carolina. The Lieutenant Governor serves as the President of the South Carolina Senate and ascends to the office of Governor should it become vacant. The office of Lieutenant Governor is a part - time position and is currently occupied by Kevin L. Bryant since January 25, 2017.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Lawrence Brainerd", "paragraph_text": "Lawrence Brainerd (March 16, 1794May 9, 1870) was a businessman, abolitionist and United States Senator from Vermont. He was the father of Ann Eliza Brainerd Smith and the father-in-law of Vermont Governor J. Gregory Smith and Vermont Lieutenant Governor F. Stewart Stranahan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Coleman Lindsey", "paragraph_text": "Isaac Coleman Lindsey, known as Coleman Lindsey (October 2, 1892 – November 15, 1968), was a Democratic member of the Louisiana State Senate, a district judge, and from 1939 to 1940, the lieutenant governor under Governor Earl Kemp Long.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Osbert Potter", "paragraph_text": "Osbert Potter (born May 8, 1956 in Tortola, British Virgin Islands) served as the 11th Lieutenant Governor of the United States Virgin Islands, from 2015 to 2019.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Cyrus Habib", "paragraph_text": "Cyrus Habib (born August 22, 1981) is an American politician, lawyer, and professor who is the 16th and current Lieutenant Governor of Washington. As such, he also serves as President of the Washington State Senate. He has been fully blind since he lost his eyesight to cancer at age eight.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Highline Botanical Garden", "paragraph_text": "Highline Botanical Garden is a community botanical garden located at 13735 24th Avenue South, SeaTac, Washington. It is open daily without charge.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 131418, "question": "Which state is Highline Big Picture located?", "answer": "Washington", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 }, { "id": 80482, "question": "who is the current lieutenant governor of #1", "answer": "Cyrus Habib", "paragraph_support_idx": 18 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Battle of Seminara", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Seminara, part of the First Italian War, was fought in Calabria on 28 June 1495 between a French garrison in recently conquered Southern Italy and the allied forces of Spain and Naples which were attempting to reconquer these territories. Against the redoubtable combination of gendarmes and Swiss mercenary pikemen in the French force, the allies had only Neapolitan troops of indifferent quality and a small corps of lightly-armed Spanish soldiers, accustomed to fighting the Moors of Spain. The result was a rout, and much of the fighting centered on delaying actions to permit the fleeing allied force to escape. However, although the battle was a decisive French victory from a tactical perspective, it did not prevent the allies from driving the French from southern Italy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Battle of Cravant", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Cravant was fought on 31 July 1423, during the Hundred Years' War between English and French forces at the village of Cravant in Burgundy, at a bridge and ford on the banks of the river Yonne, a left-bank tributary of the Seine, southeast of Auxerre. The battle ended in a victory for the English and their Burgundian allies.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "First Battle of the Marne", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of the Marne (French: Première bataille de la Marne, also known as the Miracle of the Marne, Le Miracle de la Marne) was a World War I battle fought from 6 -- 10 September 1914. It resulted in an Allied victory against the German armies in the west. The battle was the culmination of the German advance into France and pursuit of the Allied armies which followed the Battle of the Frontiers in August and had reached the eastern outskirts of Paris. A counter-attack by six French armies and the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) along the Marne River forced the Imperial German Army to retreat north - west, leading to the First Battle of the Aisne and the Race to the Sea. The battle was a victory for the Allied Powers but led to four years of trench warfare stalemate on the Western Front.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Battle of Simancas", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Simancas (also called Alhandega or al-Khandaq) was a military battle that started on July 19, 939, in the Iberian Peninsula between the troops of the king of León Ramiro II and Cordovan caliph Abd al-Rahman III near the walls of the city of Simancas. The battle decided the control of the lands of the Duero.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Battle of Luzon", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Luzon (Filipino: \"Labanan sa Luzon\"), fought 9 January – 15 August 1945, was a land battle of the Pacific Theater of Operations of World War II by the Allied forces of the U.S., its colony the Philippines, and allies against forces of the Empire of Japan. The battle resulted in a U.S. and Filipino victory. The Allies had taken control of all strategically and economically important locations of Luzon by March 1945, although pockets of Japanese resistance held out in the mountains until the unconditional surrender of Japan. While not the highest in U.S. casualties, it is the highest net casualty battle U.S. forces fought in World War II, with 192,000 to 205,000 Japanese combatants dead (mostly from starvation and disease), 10,000 American combatants killed, and between 120,000 and 140,000 Filipino civilians and combatants killed.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Portugal–Spain relations", "paragraph_text": "Portugal -- Spain relations describes relations between the governments of the Portuguese Republic and the Kingdom of Spain. The two states make up the vast majority of the Iberian Peninsula and as such, the relationship between the two is sometimes known as Iberian relations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Battle of Vigo Bay", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Vigo Bay, also known as the Battle of Rande (; ), was a naval engagement fought on 23 October 1702 during the opening years of the War of the Spanish Succession. The engagement followed an Anglo-Dutch attempt to capture the Spanish port of Cádiz in September in an effort to secure a naval base in the Iberian Peninsula. From this station the Allies had hoped to conduct operations in the western Mediterranean Sea, particularly against the French at Toulon. The amphibious assault, however, had proved a disaster, but as Admiral George Rooke retreated home in early October, he received news that the Spanish treasure fleet from America, laden with silver and merchandise, had entered Vigo Bay in northern Spain. Philips van Almonde convinced Rooke to attack the treasure ships, despite the lateness of the year and the fact that the vessels were protected by French ships-of-the-line.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Galicia (Spain)", "paragraph_text": "In the early 5th century, the deep crisis suffered by the Roman Empire allowed different tribes of Central Europe (Suebi, Vandals and Alani) to cross the Rhine and penetrate into the rule on 31 December 406. Its progress towards the Iberian Peninsula forced the Roman authorities to establish a treaty (foedus) by which the Suebi would settle peacefully and govern Galicia as imperial allies. So, from 409 Galicia was taken by the Suebi, forming the first medieval kingdom to be created in Europe, in 411, even before the fall of the Roman Empire, being also the first Germanic kingdom to mint coinage in Roman lands. During this period a Briton colony and bishopric (see Mailoc) was established in Northern Galicia (Britonia), probably as foederati and allies of the Suebi. In 585, the Visigothic King Leovigild invaded the Suebic kingdom of Galicia and defeated it, bringing it under Visigoth control.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Pacific War", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Leyte Gulf was arguably the largest naval battle in history and was the largest naval battle of World War II. It was a series of four distinct engagements fought off the Philippine island of Leyte from 23 to 26 October 1944. Leyte Gulf featured the largest battleships ever built, was the last time in history that battleships engaged each other, and was also notable as the first time that kamikaze aircraft were used. Allied victory in the Philippine Sea established Allied air and sea superiority in the western Pacific. Nimitz favored blockading the Philippines and landing on Formosa. This would give the Allies control of the sea routes to Japan from southern Asia, cutting off substantial Japanese garrisons. MacArthur favored an invasion of the Philippines, which also lay across the supply lines to Japan. Roosevelt adjudicated in favor of the Philippines. Meanwhile, Japanese Combined Fleet Chief Toyoda Soemu prepared four plans to cover all Allied offensive scenarios. On 12 October Nimitz launched a carrier raid against Formosa to make sure that planes based there could not intervene in the landings on Leyte. Toyoda put Plan Sho-2 into effect, launching a series of air attacks against the U.S. carriers. However the Japanese lost 600 planes in three days, leaving them without air cover.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Franco-Prussian War", "paragraph_text": "On 18 August, the battle began when at 08:00 Moltke ordered the First and Second Armies to advance against the French positions. By 12:00, General Manstein opened up the battle before the village of Amanvillers with artillery from the 25th Infantry Division. But the French had spent the night and early morning digging trenches and rifle pits while placing their artillery and their mitrailleuses in concealed positions. Finally aware of the Prussian advance, the French opened up a massive return fire against the mass of advancing Germans. The battle at first appeared to favor the French with their superior Chassepot rifle. However, the Prussian artillery was superior with the all-steel Krupp breech-loading gun. By 14:30, General Steinmetz, the commander of the First Army, unilaterally launched his VIII Corps across the Mance Ravine in which the Prussian infantry were soon pinned down by murderous rifle and mitrailleuse fire from the French positions. At 15:00, the massed guns of the VII and VIII Corps opened fire to support the attack. But by 16:00, with the attack in danger of stalling, Steinmetz ordered the VII Corps forward, followed by the 1st Cavalry Division.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Battle of Navarino", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Navarino was a naval battle fought on 20 October 1827, during the Greek War of Independence (1821–32), in Navarino Bay (modern Pylos), on the west coast of the Peloponnese peninsula, in the Ionian Sea. Allied forces from Britain, France, and Russia decisively defeated Ottoman and Egyptian forces trying to suppress the Greeks, thereby making much more likely the independence of Greece. The battle was the last to be fought by only sailing ships.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Crimean War", "paragraph_text": "Frustrated by the wasted effort, and with demands for action from their citizens, the allied force decided to attack the center of Russian strength in the Black Sea at Sevastopol on the Crimean peninsula. After extended preparations, the forces landed on the peninsula in September 1854 and fought their way to a point south of Sevastopol after a series of successful battles. The Russians counterattacked on 25 October in what became the Battle of Balaclava and were repulsed, but at the cost of seriously depleting the British Army forces. A second counterattack, ordered personally by Nicholas, was defeated by Omar Pasha. The front settled into a siege and led to horrible conditions for troops on both sides. Smaller actions were carried out in the Baltic, the Caucasus, the White Sea and in the North Pacific.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Roman conquest of the Iberian Peninsula", "paragraph_text": "The Roman conquest of Hispania was a process by which the Roman Republic seized the Carthaginian territories in the south and east in 206 BC (during the Second Punic War) and then gradually extended control over most of the Iberian Peninsula without annexations. It was completed after the fall of the Republic (27 BC), by Augustus, the first Roman emperor, who annexed the whole of Hispania to the Roman Empire in 19 BC. Hispania was the Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula. The peninsula had various ethnic groups and a large number of tribes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Battle of Hastenbeck", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Hastenbeck (26 July 1757) was fought as part of the Invasion of Hanover during the Seven Years' War between the allied forces of Hanover, Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel) and Brunswick, and the French. The allies were defeated by the French army near Hamelin in the Electorate of Hanover.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, known in Arab history as the Battle of Al-Uqab (), took place on 16 July 1212 and was an important turning point in the \"Reconquista\" and in the medieval history of Spain. The Christian forces of King Alfonso VIII of Castile were joined by the armies of his rivals, Sancho VII of Navarre, Peter II of Aragon and Afonso II of Portugal, in battle against the Almohad Muslim rulers of the southern half of the Iberian Peninsula. The Caliph al-Nasir (\"Miramamolín\" in the Spanish chronicles) led the Almohad army, made up of people from the whole Almohad empire. Most of the men in the Almohad army came from the African side of the empire.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Battle of Dara", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Dara was fought between the Byzantine (Eastern Roman) Empire and the Sassanids in 530. It was one of the battles of the Iberian War.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Battle of Qurna (Iraq War)", "paragraph_text": "Battle of Qurna was a battle during the Iraq War between the Multinational force in Iraq and Iraqi insurgents. The battle took part in Al-Qurna. In the battle, the insurgents tried to take the control of the city from the allies, mainly Danish, Lithuanian and British soldiers. The insurgents were later forced to retreat.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Korea under Japanese rule", "paragraph_text": "Following the dropping of atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and the impending overrun of the Korean peninsula by Russian forces, Japan surrendered to the Allied forces on 15 August 1945, ending 35 years of Japanese occupation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Battle of Wilhelmsthal", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Wilhelmsthal (sometimes written as the Battle of Wilhelmstadt) was fought on 24 June 1762 during the Seven Years' War between on one side the allied forces of British, Prussian, Hanover, Brunswick and Hessian troops under the command of the Duke of Brunswick against the French. Once again, the French threatened Hanover, so the Allies manoeuvered around the French, surrounded the invasion force, and forced them to retreat. It was the last major action fought by Brunswick's force before the Peace of Paris brought an end to the war.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Battle of Balaclava", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Balaclava, fought on 25 October 1854 during the Crimean War, was part of Siege of Sevastopol (1854–55) to capture the port and fortress of Sevastopol, Russia's principal naval base on the Black Sea. The engagement followed the earlier Allied victory in September at the Battle of the Alma, where the Russian General Menshikov had positioned his army in an attempt to stop the Allies progressing south towards their strategic goal. Alma was the first major encounter fought in the Crimean Peninsula since the Allied landings at Kalamita Bay on 14 September, and was a clear battlefield success; but a tardy pursuit by the Allies failed to gain a decisive victory, allowing the Russians to regroup, recover and prepare their defence.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 14790, "question": "Who did the battle first appear to favor?", "answer": "the French", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 }, { "id": 19483, "question": "By what year did the Allies force the #1 out of the Iberian peninsula?", "answer": "1814", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "The Howards of Virginia", "paragraph_text": "The Howards of Virginia is a 1940 American film directed by Frank Lloyd, released by Columbia Pictures, and based on the book \"The Tree of Liberty\" written by Elizabeth Page. The Howards of Virginia live through the American Revolutionary War, with Cary Grant starring as Matt Howard, Martha Scott starring as his wife Jane Peyton Howard, and Alan Marshal and Sir Cedric Hardwicke starring as Jane's brothers Roger and Fleetwood Peyton. Fleetwood Peyton is Jane's elder brother, the patriarch of his family, and a member of the Tidewater aristocracy. The film includes a look at the young Matt Howard, Thomas Jefferson, and Jane Peyton.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Government of North Korea", "paragraph_text": "In the socialist government of North Korea, the cabinet is the administrative and executive body. The North Korean government consists of three branches: administrative, legislative, and judicial. However, they are not independent of each other.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Jon Jefferson", "paragraph_text": "Jon Jefferson (born 13 November 1955) is a contemporary American author and television documentary maker. Jefferson has written ten novels in the Body Farm series under the pen name Jefferson Bass, in consultation with renowned forensic anthropologist William M. Bass, as well as two non-fiction books about Bass’s life and forensic cases.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Illinois House of Representatives", "paragraph_text": "The Illinois House of Representatives is the lower house of the Illinois General Assembly, the bicameral legislature of the U.S. state of Illinois. The body was created by the first Illinois Constitution adopted in 1818. The House consists of 118 representatives elected from individual legislative districts for two - year terms with no limits; redistricted every 10 years, based on the 2010 U.S. census each representative represents approximately 108,734 people.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "House music", "paragraph_text": "Club play from pioneering Chicago DJs such as Hardy and Lil Louis, local dance music record shops such as Importes, State Street Records, Loop Records, Gramaphone Records and the popular Hot Mix 5 shows on radio station WBMX-FM helped popularize house music in Chicago. Later, visiting DJs & producers from Detroit fell into the genre. Trax Records and DJ International Records, Chicago labels with wider distribution, helped popularize house music inside and outside of Chicago. One 1986 house tune called \"Move Your Body\" by Marshall Jefferson, taken from the appropriately titled \"The House Music Anthem\" EP, became a big hit in Chicago and eventually worldwide. By 1986, UK labels were releasing house music by Chicago acts, and by 1987 house tracks by Chicago DJs and producers were appearing on and topping the UK music chart. By this time, house music released by Chicago-based labels was considered a must-play in clubs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Missouri", "paragraph_text": "The current Constitution of Missouri, the fourth constitution for the state, was adopted in 1945. It provides for three branches of government: the legislative, judicial, and executive branches. The legislative branch consists of two bodies: the House of Representatives and the Senate. These bodies comprise the Missouri General Assembly.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Washington State Senate", "paragraph_text": "The Washington State Senate is the upper house of the Washington State Legislature. The body consists of 49 members, each representing a district with a population of nearly 140,000. The State Senate meets at the Legislative Building in Olympia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Federalist Party", "paragraph_text": "Federalist policies called for a national bank, tariffs and good relations with Great Britain as expressed in the Jay Treaty negotiated in 1794. Hamilton developed the concept of implied powers and successfully argued the adoption of that interpretation of the United States Constitution. Their political opponents, the Democratic - Republicans led by Thomas Jefferson, denounced most of the Federalist policies, especially the bank and implied powers; and vehemently attacked the Jay Treaty as a sell - out of republican values to the British monarchy. The Jay Treaty passed and the Federalists won most of the major legislative battles in the 1790s. They held a strong base in the nation's cities and in New England. After the Democratic - Republicans, whose base was in the rural South, won the hard - fought presidential election of 1800, the Federalists never returned to power. They recovered some strength by their intense opposition to the War of 1812, but they practically vanished during the Era of Good Feelings that followed the end of the war in 1815.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Karnataka Legislative Council", "paragraph_text": "The Karnataka Legislative Council is the upper house of the bicameral legislature of Karnataka state in south western India. Karnataka is one of the seven states in India, where the state legislature is bicameral, comprising two houses: the Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly), and the Vidhan Parishad (Legislative Council). The Karnataka Legislative Council is a permanent body comprising 75 members.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Treaty", "paragraph_text": "In India, the legislation subjects are divided into 3 lists -Union List, State List and Concurrent List . In the normal legislation process, the subjects in Union list can only be legislated upon by central legislative body called Parliament of India, for subjects in state list only respective state legislature can legislate. While for Concurrent subjects, both center and state can make laws. But to implement international treaties, Parliament can legislate on any subject overriding the general division of subject lists.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Mose Jefferson", "paragraph_text": "Mose Jefferson left his native Lake Providence, Louisiana, to join his older sister Betty Jefferson in Chicago, Illinois, where he attended Marshall High School but dropped out to join the U.S. Air Force in 1959. After being honorably discharged and returning to civilian life, he was convicted of a $450 robbery and served 9 months in Stateville Correctional Center, being released in 1967. He then became a Democratic Party field lieutenant with the political organization of Bob Shaw and his brother Bill Shaw, the latter of whom served in the Illinois Senate from 1982 to 2002.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "National Assembly (Democratic Republic of the Congo)", "paragraph_text": "The National Assembly is the lower house and main legislative political body of the Parliament of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It was established by the 2006 constitution.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Separation of church and state in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Jefferson's letter entered American jurisprudence in the 1878 Mormon polygamy case Reynolds v. U.S., in which the court cited Jefferson and Madison, seeking a legal definition for the word religion. Writing for the majority, Justice Stephen Johnson Field cited Jefferson's Letter to the Danbury Baptists to state that \"Congress was deprived of all legislative power over mere opinion, but was left free to reach actions which were in violation of social duties or subversive of good order.\" Considering this, the court ruled that outlawing polygamy was constitutional.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "The Kennedy/Marshall Company", "paragraph_text": "The Kennedy/Marshall Company (KM) is an American film-production company, based in Santa Monica, California, founded in 1992 by spouses Kathleen Kennedy and Frank Marshall.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Marshall Islands", "paragraph_text": "Legislative power lies with the Nitijela. The upper house of Parliament, called the Council of Iroij, is an advisory body comprising twelve tribal chiefs. The executive branch consists of the President and the Presidential Cabinet, which consists of ten ministers appointed by the President with the approval of the Nitijela. The twenty-four electoral districts into which the country is divided correspond to the inhabited islands and atolls. There are currently four political parties in the Marshall Islands: Aelon̄ Kein Ad (AKA), United People's Party (UPP), Kien Eo Am (KEA) and United Democratic Party (UDP). Rule is shared by the AKA and the UDP. The following senators are in the legislative body:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "House music", "paragraph_text": "In the U.S., the music was being developed to create a more sophisticated sound,[citation needed] moving beyond just drum loops and short samples. In Chicago, Marshall Jefferson had formed the house group Ten City Byron Burke, Byron Stingily & Herb Lawson(from \"intensity\"). New York–based performers such as Mateo & Matos and Blaze had slickly produced disco house tracks. In Detroit a proto-techno music sound began to emerge with the recordings of Juan Atkins, Derrick May and Kevin Saunderson.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Government of Florida", "paragraph_text": "The Governor of Florida is the chief executive of the government of Florida and the chief administrative officer of the state responsible for the planning and budgeting for the state, and serves as chair when the Governor and the Florida Cabinet sit as a decision - making body in various constitutional roles. The Governor has the power to execute Florida's laws and to call out the state militia to preserve the public peace, being Commander - in - Chief of the state's military forces that are not in active service of the United States. At least once every legislative session, the Governor is required to deliver the ``State of the State Address ''to the Florida Legislature regarding the condition and operation of the state government and to suggest new legislation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Tuvalu", "paragraph_text": "From 1974 (the creation of the British colony of Tuvalu) until independence, the legislative body of Tuvalu was called the House of the Assembly or Fale I Fono. Following independence in October 1978 the House of the Assembly was renamed the Parliament of Tuvalu or Palamene o Tuvalu. The unicameral Parliament has 15 members with elections held every four years. The members of parliament select the Prime Minister (who is the head of government) and the Speaker of Parliament. The ministers that form the Cabinet are appointed by the Governor General on the advice of the Prime Minister.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Politics of Germany", "paragraph_text": "Germany is a democratic, federal parliamentary republic, and federal legislative power is vested in the Bundestag (the parliament of Germany) and the Bundesrat (the representative body of the Länder, Germany's regional states).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Government of Chicago", "paragraph_text": "The City Council is the legislative branch and is made up of 50 aldermen, one elected from each ward in the city. The council takes official action through the passage of ordinances and resolutions and approves the city budget. Government priorities and activities are established in a budget ordinance usually adopted each November.", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 11680, "question": "where was marshall jefferson based?", "answer": "Chicago", "paragraph_support_idx": 15 }, { "id": 66869, "question": "what is the legislative body of #1 called", "answer": "City Council", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 } ]

[ "city council", "City council" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "WPUR", "paragraph_text": "WPUR (107.3 FM) is a country music formatted radio station in Atlantic City, New Jersey. WPUR is more commonly known as \"Cat Country 107.3\". Its transmitter is located in Atlantic City, while studios are in Northfield, New Jersey.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "WUMB-FM", "paragraph_text": "WUMB-FM (91.9 FM) in Boston, Massachusetts is the radio station of University of Massachusetts Boston. It broadcasts an Americana/Blues/Roots/Folk mix hosted by its staff weekdays. On weekends the station concentrates on traditional folk, Celtic, blues, and world music including syndicated programs. Overnight programming starting at midnight and usually through 5am is a repeat of a portion of the previous day's programming; an announcement of this fact is made at midnight. The station has received many awards for its folk music programming.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "KXXY-FM", "paragraph_text": "KXXY-FM (96.1 FM, \"96.1 KXY\") is a country music formatted radio station serving the Oklahoma City area and is owned by iHeartMedia, Inc.. KXY was the flagship station of the Oklahoma City Barons hockey team before they left Oklahoma City. Its transmitter is located in Northeast Oklahoma City, and studios are located at the 50 Penn Place building on the Northwest side.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "KCLV-FM", "paragraph_text": "KCLV-FM (99.1 FM, \"Country 99\") is a radio station licensed to serve Clovis, New Mexico. The station is owned by Zia Broadcasting Company. It airs a Country music format.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "KKSY-FM", "paragraph_text": "KKSY-FM (96.5 FM, \"96.5 Kiss Country\") is a 100,000 watt radio station in Cedar Rapids, Iowa. It is a country music formatted station owned by iHeartMedia, Inc..", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "KPLX", "paragraph_text": "KPLX (99.5 FM, \"99.5 The Wolf\") is an American commercial radio station broadcasting a country music format on 99.5 FM, serving the Dallas/Fort Worth metroplex in Texas and is under ownership of Cumulus Media. The station's studios are located in the Victory Park district in Dallas just north of downtown, and its transmitter is located in Cedar Hill, Texas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "KILT-FM", "paragraph_text": "KILT-FM (100.3 FM) is a Houston, Texas-based radio station with a country music format. It is owned by Entercom, and its studios are in Greenway Plaza. Its transmitter is located in Missouri City, Texas. It is a sister station of KILT, which is located at 610 kHz, also in Houston.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "CISN-FM", "paragraph_text": "CISN-FM (103.9 FM) is a radio station that broadcasts from Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. It is owned by Corus Entertainment, which also operates CHED, CHQT and CKNG-FM. The station has a country format, playing both current hits and past favourites. CISN is one of the longest Edmonton broadcasting stations on FM. CISN's studios are located on 84th Street in downtown Edmonton, while its transmitter is located near Anthony Henday Drive in eastern Edmonton.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "CKXC-FM", "paragraph_text": "CKXC-FM is a Canadian radio station broadcasting at 93.5 FM in Kingston, Ontario owned by Rogers Media. The station currently broadcasts a country music format branded as Country 93.5.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "WAMZ", "paragraph_text": "WAMZ is a country music-formatted radio station located in Louisville, Kentucky. The station broadcasts on 97.5 FM with an ERP of 100 kW. The station's studios are located in the Louisville enclave of Watterson Park and the transmitter site is in Brooks, Kentucky.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "WEBB", "paragraph_text": "WEBB is a country formatted FM radio station licensed to Waterville, Maine. It is owned by Townsquare Media, and broadcasts on 98.5 FM. It used to be simulcast on AM 1490 WTVL. Its studios are located along with WMME-FM, WTVL, and WJZN in Augusta. The station's signal can also be received in parts of the Bangor market. On air personalities include Buzz and Brittany in the Morning, Buzz Bradley, Brittany Rose, Quinn Alexander, and Sam Alex", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "CKHL-FM", "paragraph_text": "CKHL-FM is a Canadian radio station, that broadcasts a country music format branded as YL Country at 102.1 FM in High Level, Alberta, Canada.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Joe Robinson (radio personality)", "paragraph_text": "Joe Robinson (born December 2, 1968) is an American comedian and former radio host on \"Irresponsible Radio with Theo & Joe\" that was broadcast 7PM-Midnight on WIYY, 98Rock (97.9 FM) in Baltimore, Maryland, from September 2007-July 2008.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "WFGS", "paragraph_text": "WFGS-FM (103.7 FM, \"Froggy 103.7\") is a radio station located in Murray, Kentucky licensed by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and owned by Forever Communications. The station airs a country music format. Froggy 103.7 is one of the most listened to radio stations in Western Kentucky and Northwest Tennessee for country music.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "CHSJ-FM", "paragraph_text": "CHSJ-FM is a Canadian radio station broadcasting at 94.1 FM in Saint John, New Brunswick. The station plays a country music format under the \"Country 94\" branding. CHSJ-FM is owned by Acadia Broadcasting, which also owns sister station CHWV-FM.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "WKDF", "paragraph_text": "WKDF (103.3 FM, \"103.3 Nash FM\") is a Country music radio station broadcasting on a frequency of 103.3 MHz from Nashville, Tennessee. WKDF is owned by Cumulus Media. A transmitter site is in Brentwood, Tennessee, and its studios are located in Nashville's Music Row district.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "WKKO", "paragraph_text": "WKKO is a commercial FM radio station in Toledo, Ohio broadcasting on 99.9 MHz with a country music format. It is owned by Cumulus Media. The station's studios are located in Toledo, and its transmitter is located in Harbor View, Ohio.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "CIKZ-FM", "paragraph_text": "CIKZ-FM is a Canadian radio station broadcasting at 106.7 FM in Kitchener, Ontario. The station airs a country music format branded as \"Country 106.7\". The station is owned by Rogers Media which also owns sister stations CHYM-FM and CKGL.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "KTCO", "paragraph_text": "KTCO (98.9 FM, \"Kat Country 98.9\") is a radio station in Duluth, Minnesota, airing a country music format. KTCO is owned by Midwest Communications, which also owns KDKE, WDSM, WDUL, KDAL, and KDAL-FM in Duluth. All the Duluth stations share the same studio location at 11 East Superior St. Suite 380, downtown Duluth.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Pyeongchang County", "paragraph_text": "Pyeongchang hosted the 2018 Winter Olympics and the 2018 Winter Paralympics. To avoid confusion with Pyongyang, North Korea, it has been officially rebranded as ``PyeongChang ''for the Olympics and the Paralympics.", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 106998, "question": "Which was the country for Midnight FM?", "answer": "South Korea", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 62905, "question": "where are the olympics located in #1", "answer": "Pyeongchang", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 } ]

[ "Pyeongchang County" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Siege of Vicksburg", "paragraph_text": "Vicksburg was the last major Confederate stronghold on the Mississippi River; therefore, capturing it completed the second part of the Northern strategy, the Anaconda Plan. When two major assaults (May 19 and 22, 1863) against the Confederate fortifications were repulsed with heavy casualties, Grant decided to besiege the city beginning on May 25. After holding out for more than forty days, with their reinforcement and supplies nearly gone, the garrison finally surrendered on July 4.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "New York City", "paragraph_text": "In 1785, the assembly of the Congress of the Confederation made New York the national capital shortly after the war. New York was the last capital of the U.S. under the Articles of Confederation and the first capital under the Constitution of the United States. In 1789, the first President of the United States, George Washington, was inaugurated; the first United States Congress and the Supreme Court of the United States each assembled for the first time, and the United States Bill of Rights was drafted, all at Federal Hall on Wall Street. By 1790, New York had surpassed Philadelphia as the largest city in the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Articles of Confederation", "paragraph_text": "The Articles of Confederation, formally the Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union, was an agreement among the 13 original states of the United States of America that served as its first constitution. Its drafting by a committee appointed by the Second Continental Congress began on July 12, 1776, and an approved version was sent to the states for ratification on November 15, 1777. The Articles of Confederation came into force on March 1, 1781, after being ratified by all 13 states. A guiding principle of the Articles was to preserve the independence and sovereignty of the states. The federal government received only those powers which the colonies had recognized as belonging to king and parliament.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "History of the United States Constitution", "paragraph_text": "The United States Constitution was written in 1787 during the Philadelphia Convention. The old Congress set the rules the new government followed in terms of writing and ratifying the new constitution. After ratification in eleven states, in 1789 its elected officers of government assembled in New York City, replacing the Articles of Confederation government. The original Constitution has been amended twenty - seven times. The meaning of the Constitution is interpreted and extended by judicial review in the federal courts. The original parchment copies are on display at the National Archives Building.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "First Battle of Bull Run", "paragraph_text": "Just months after the start of the war at Fort Sumter, the Northern public clamored for a march against the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia, which was expected to bring an early end to the rebellion. Yielding to political pressure, Brig. Gen. Irvin McDowell led his unseasoned Union Army across Bull Run against the equally inexperienced Confederate Army of Brig. Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard camped near Manassas Junction. McDowell's ambitious plan for a surprise flank attack on the Confederate left was poorly executed by his officers and men; nevertheless, the Confederates, who had been planning to attack the Union left flank, found themselves at an initial disadvantage.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Article Six of the United States Constitution", "paragraph_text": "Article Six of the United States Constitution establishes the laws and treaties of the United States made in accordance with it as the supreme law of the land, forbids a religious test as a requirement for holding a governmental position and holds the United States under the Constitution responsible for debts incurred by the United States under the Articles of Confederation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Articles of Confederation", "paragraph_text": "Articles of Confederation Page I of the Articles of Confederation Created November 15, 1777 Ratified March 1, 1781 Location National Archives Author (s) Continental Congress Signatories Continental Congress Purpose First constitution for the United States; replaced by the current United States Constitution on September 13, 1788", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "The Hangover Part II", "paragraph_text": "It tells the story of Phil, Stu, Alan, and Doug as they travel to Thailand for Stu's wedding. After the bachelor party in Las Vegas, Stu takes no chances and opts for a safe, subdued pre-wedding brunch. Things do not go as planned, resulting in another bad hangover with no memories of the previous night.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Virginia Plan", "paragraph_text": "The Virginia Plan proposed a legislative branch consisting of two chambers (bicameral legislature), with the dual principles of rotation in office and recall applied to the lower house of the national legislature. Each of the states would be represented in proportion to their ``Quotas of contribution, or to the number of free inhabitants. ''States with a large population, like Virginia (which was the most populous state at the time), would thus have more representatives than smaller states. Large states supported this plan, and smaller states generally opposed it, preferring an alternative put forward on June 15. The New Jersey Plan proposed a single - chamber legislature in which each state, regardless of size, would have one vote, as under the Articles of Confederation. In the end, the convention settled on the Connecticut Compromise, creating a House of Representatives apportioned by population and a Senate in which each state is equally represented.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "History of the United States Constitution", "paragraph_text": "The government of the First and Second Continental Congress, the period from September 1774 to March 1, 1781 is referred to as the Revolutionary Congress. Beginning in 1777, the substantial powers assumed by Congress ``made the league of states as cohesive and strong as any similar sort of republican confederation in history ''. The process created the United States`` by the people in collectivity, rather than by the individual states'', because only four had state constitutions at the time of the Declaration of Independence founding the nation, and three of those were provisional. Prior to the Articles of Confederation, and the Articles Congress, the Supreme Court in Ware v. Hylton and again in Penhallow v. Doane's Administrators, perceived Congress as exercising powers derived from the people, expressly conferred through the medium of state conventions or legislatures, and, once exercised, ``impliedly ratified by the acquiescence and obedience of the people ''.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Imperialism", "paragraph_text": "The early United States expressed its opposition to Imperialism, at least in a form distinct from its own Manifest Destiny, through policies such as the Monroe Doctrine. However, beginning in the late 19th and early 20th century, policies such as Theodore Roosevelt’s interventionism in Central America and Woodrow Wilson’s mission to \"make the world safe for democracy\" changed all this. They were often backed by military force, but were more often affected from behind the scenes. This is consistent with the general notion of hegemony and imperium of historical empires. In 1898, Americans who opposed imperialism created the Anti-Imperialist League to oppose the US annexation of the Philippines and Cuba. One year later, a war erupted in the Philippines causing business, labor and government leaders in the US to condemn America's occupation in the Philippines as they also denounced them for causing the deaths of many Filipinos. American foreign policy was denounced as a \"racket\" by Smedley Butler, an American general. He said, \"Looking back on it, I might have given Al Capone a few hints. The best he could do was to operate his racket in three districts. I operated on three continents\".", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Treaty", "paragraph_text": "In function and effectiveness, the UN has been compared to the pre-Constitutional United States Federal government by some[citation needed], giving a comparison between modern treaty law and the historical Articles of Confederation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Constitutional Convention (United States)", "paragraph_text": "Several prominent Founders are notable for not participating in the Constitutional Convention. Thomas Jefferson was abroad, serving as the minister to France (nonetheless, Jefferson, in a letter to John Adams, would describe the delegates approvingly as a gathering of ``demi - gods ''). John Adams was in Britain, serving as minister to that country, but he wrote home to encourage the delegates. Patrick Henry refused to participate because he`` smelt a rat in Philadelphia, tending toward the monarchy.'' Also absent were John Hancock and Samuel Adams. Many of the states' older and more experienced leaders may have simply been too busy with the local affairs of their states to attend the Convention, which had originally been planned to strengthen the existing Articles of Confederation, not to write a constitution for a completely new national government.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Timeline of drafting and ratification of the United States Constitution", "paragraph_text": "The following is a timeline of the drafting and ratification of the United States Constitution. The drafting of the Constitution began on May 25, 1787, when the Constitutional Convention met for the first time with a quorum at the Pennsylvania State House (now Independence Hall) in Philadelphia to revise the Articles of Confederation, and ended on September 17, 1787, the day the Constitution drafted by the convention's delegates to replace the Articles was adopted and signed. The ratification process for the Constitution began that day, and ended when the final state, Rhode Island, ratified it on May 29, 1790. In addition to key events during the Constitutional Convention and afterward while the Constitution was before the states for their ratification, this timeline includes important events that occurred during the run - up to the convention and during the nation's transition from government under the Articles of Confederation to government under the Constitution, and concludes with the unique ratification vote of Vermont, which at the time was a sovereign state outside the Union. The time span covered is 5 years, 9 months, from March 25, 1785 to January 10, 1791.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Lola Sánchez (Confederate spy)", "paragraph_text": "Lola Sánchez (1844 – 1895) was one of three sisters who became spies for the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. Sánchez became upset when their father was falsely accused of being a Confederate spy by the members of the Union Army and imprisoned. Officers of the Union Army then occupied the Sánchez residence in Palatka, Florida. On one occasion Sánchez overheard various officers’ planning a raid and decided to alert the Confederates forces. She informed Captain John Jackson Dickison, commander of the local Confederates forces, of the plan. The result of her actions was that the Confederate forces surprised the Union troops in an ambush and captured the USS Columbine, a Union warship, on the day of the supposed raid in the \"Battle of Horse Landing\". This was one of the few instances in which a Union warship was captured by land-based Confederate forces during the Civil War.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Articles of Confederation", "paragraph_text": "The Articles of Confederation, formally the Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union, was an agreement among the 13 original states of the United States of America that served as its first constitution. It was approved, after much debate (between July 1776 and November 1777), by the Second Continental Congress on November 15, 1777, and sent to the states for ratification. The Articles of Confederation came into force on March 1, 1781, after being ratified by all 13 states. A guiding principle of the Articles was to preserve the independence and sovereignty of the states. The central government established by the Articles received only those powers which the former colonies had recognized as belonging to king and parliament.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "List of numbered streets in Manhattan", "paragraph_text": "This article covers numbered east-west streets in Manhattan, New York City. Major streets have their own linked articles; minor streets are discussed here. The streets do not run exactly east–west, because the grid plan is aligned with the Hudson River rather than with the cardinal directions. \"West\" is approximately 29 degrees north of true west.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Articles of Confederation", "paragraph_text": "The Articles formed a war - time confederation of states, with an extremely limited central government. While unratified, the document was used by the Congress to conduct business, direct the American Revolutionary War, conduct diplomacy with foreign nations, and deal with territorial issues and Native American relations. The adoption of the Articles made few perceptible changes in the federal government, because it did little more than legalize what the Continental Congress had been doing. That body was renamed the Congress of the Confederation; but Americans continued to call it the Continental Congress, since its organization remained the same.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Articles of Confederation", "paragraph_text": "The Articles of Confederation, formally the Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union, was an agreement among the 13 original states of the United States of America that served as its first constitution. It was approved, after much debate (between July 1776 and November 1777), by the Second Continental Congress on November 15, 1777, and sent to the states for ratification. The Articles of Confederation came into force on March 1, 1781, after being ratified by all 13 states. A guiding principle of the Articles was to preserve the independence and sovereignty of the states. The federal government received only those powers which the colonies had recognized as belonging to king and parliament.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Constitution of the United States", "paragraph_text": "The Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union was the first constitution of the United States. It was drafted by the Second Continental Congress from mid-1776 through late - 1777, and ratification by all 13 states was completed by early 1781. Under the Articles of Confederation, the central government's power was quite limited. The Confederation Congress could make decisions, but lacked enforcement powers. Implementation of most decisions, including modifications to the Articles, required unanimous approval of all thirteen state legislatures.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 82884, "question": "who was the articles of confederation written for", "answer": "the United States", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 }, { "id": 42204, "question": "How did the #1 plan to subdue imperialistic tendencies?", "answer": "policies such as the Monroe Doctrine", "paragraph_support_idx": 10 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Battle of Lake George", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Lake George was fought on 8 September 1755, in the north of the Province of New York. The battle was part of a campaign by the British to expel the French from North America, in the French and Indian War.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "70th Infantry Division (United Kingdom)", "paragraph_text": "The 70th Infantry Division was an infantry division of the British Army that fought during the Western Desert Campaign of the Second World War. What would become the 70th Division originated with the 7th Infantry Division, which was formed in 1938 to serve in the British Mandate of Palestine during the Arab Revolt. This division then transferred to Egypt on the outbreak of the Second World War and soon became the 6th Infantry Division, which went on to take part in the Battle of Crete and the Syria–Lebanon Campaign. On 10 October 1941, the 6th Division was re-created as the 70th Infantry Division, in an attempt to deceive Axis intelligence concerning the strength of British forces in the Middle East.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Hellenistic period", "paragraph_text": "Antigonus then sent his son Demetrius to regain control of Greece. In 307 he took Athens, expelling Demetrius of Phaleron, Cassander's governor, and proclaiming the city free again. Demetrius now turned his attention to Ptolemy, defeating his fleet at the Battle of Salamis and taking control of Cyprus. In the aftermath of this victory, Antigonus took the title of king (basileus) and bestowed it on his son Demetrius Poliorcetes, the rest of the Diadochi soon followed suit. Demetrius continued his campaigns by laying siege to Rhodes and conquering most of Greece in 302, creating a league against Cassander's Macedon.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Battle of Krithia Vineyard", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Krithia Vineyard (6–13 August 1915) was fought during the Gallipoli Campaign during the First World War. It was originally intended as a minor British action at Helles on the Gallipoli peninsula to divert attention from the imminent launch of the August Offensive, but instead, the British commander, Brigadier General H.E. Street, mounted a futile and bloody series of attacks that in the end gained a small patch of ground known as \"The Vineyard\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "E. V. Timms", "paragraph_text": "Edward Vivian Timms (1895–1960), better known as E. V. Timms, was an Australian novelist and screenwriter. He was injured serving in the Gallipoli Campaign during World War I and was an unsuccessful soldier settler before turning to writing. He became a popular novelist, and also wrote scripts for films and radio. He served as an officer during World War II and was on duty the night of the Cowra breakout.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Battle of the Argeș", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of the Argeș was a battle of the Romanian Campaign of World War I. Taking place on 1 December 1916, the battle was fought along the line of the Argeș River in Romania between Austro-German forces of the Central Powers and Romanian forces.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "EOKA", "paragraph_text": "EOKA (/ eɪ ˈoʊkə /; Greek: ΕΟΚΑ) was a Greek Cypriot nationalist guerrilla organisation that fought a campaign for the end of British rule in Cyprus, for the island's self - determination and for eventual union with Greece.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Military history of Australia during World War I", "paragraph_text": "The AIF departed Australia in November 1914 and, after several delays due to the presence of German naval vessels in the Indian Ocean, arrived in Egypt, where they were initially used to defend the Suez Canal. In early 1915, however, it was decided to carry out an amphibious landing on the Gallipoli peninsula with the goal of opening up a second front and securing the passage of the Dardanelles. The Australians and New Zealanders, grouped together as the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC), went ashore on 25 April 1915 and for the next eight months the Anzacs, alongside their British, French and other allies, fought a costly and ultimately unsuccessful campaign against the Turks.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Ottoman Greece", "paragraph_text": "With no further threat by the Serbs and the subsequent Byzantine civil wars, the Ottomans besieged and took Constantinople in 1453 and then advanced southwards into Greece, capturing Athens in 1458. The Greeks held out in the Peloponnese until 1460, and the Venetians and Genoese clung to some of the islands, but by the early 16th century all of mainland Greece and most of the Aegean islands were in Ottoman hands, excluding several port cities still held by the Venetians (Nafplio, Monemvasia, Parga and Methone the most important of them). The mountains of Greece were largely untouched, and were a refuge for Greeks who desired to flee Ottoman rule and engage in guerrilla warfare.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Malayan campaign", "paragraph_text": "The Malayan campaign was a military campaign fought by Allied and Axis forces in Malaya, from 8 December 1941 – 31 January 1942 during the Second World War. It was dominated by land battles between British Commonwealth army units, and the Imperial Japanese Army with minor skirmishes at the beginning of the campaign between British Commonwealth and Royal Thai Armed Forces. The Japanese had air and naval supremacy from the opening days of the campaign. For the British, Indian, Australian and Malayan forces defending the colony, the campaign was a total disaster.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "8th Battalion (Australia)", "paragraph_text": "The 8th Battalion was an infantry battalion of the Australian Army. Initially raised in 1914 for the First Australian Imperial Force during the First World War the battalion was completely recruited from Victoria and formed part of the 2nd Brigade, 1st Division. During the war it fought at Gallipoli and in France and Belgium on the Western Front. It was disbanded in 1919, before being re-raised as a Militia battalion in 1921. During the Second World War the 8th Battalion was used primarily as a garrison unit before taking part in the Bougainville campaign late in the war. It was disbanded again in 1946 during the demobilisation process, although it was reformed again in 1948 when it was amalgamated with the 7th Battalion. Today, its honours and traditions are perpetuated by the 8th/7th Battalion, Royal Victoria Regiment.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "WNTO", "paragraph_text": "WNTO (93.1 FM, \"93.1 The Wolf\") is an American radio station licensed to serve the community of Racine, Ohio, with studios in Gallipolis, Ohio. The station is owned by Sunny Broadcasting, LLC. It airs a new country music format.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Battle of the Mediterranean", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of the Mediterranean was the name given to the naval campaign fought in the Mediterranean Sea during World War II, from 10 June 1940 to 2 May 1945.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Battle of Peachtree Creek", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Peachtree Creek was fought in Georgia on July 20, 1864, as part of the Atlanta Campaign in the American Civil War. It was the first major attack by Lt. Gen. John Bell Hood since taking command of the Confederate Army of Tennessee. The attack was against Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman's Union army which was perched on the doorstep of Atlanta. The main armies in the conflict were the Union Army of the Cumberland, commanded by Maj. Gen. George Henry Thomas and two corps of the Confederate Army of Tennessee.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "When We Go To War", "paragraph_text": "When We Go To War is a 2015 television drama mini-series from New Zealand. The series uses fictional characters to depict the impact of the First World War on New Zealanders at home as well as in the New Zealand Expeditionary Force during the Gallipoli Campaign and in Egypt.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "2/43rd Battalion (Australia)", "paragraph_text": "In 1943–1944, after re-organisation and training to prepare for jungle warfare, the 2/43rd fought in New Guinea, as part of operations to capture Lae and secure the Huon Peninsula. After returning to Australia in early 1944, a long period of training followed on the Atherton Tablelands in Queensland, before the battalion undertook its final campaign of the war, taking part in Allied operations to re-take Borneo from the Japanese in June 1945. Following the end of the war, the battalion was disbanded in February 1946. One member of the battalion, Private Tom Starcevich, was awarded the Victoria Cross.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Battle of Assietta", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Assietta was fought in the Italian campaign of the War of the Austrian Succession on 19 July 1747. It resulted in a defeat for France against the army of the Kingdom of Sardinia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Stadio Antonio Bianco", "paragraph_text": "Stadio Antonio Bianco is a multi-use stadium in Gallipoli, Italy. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of Gallipoli Calcio. The stadium holds 5,000 people.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Greece", "paragraph_text": "Greece was eventually occupied by the Nazis who proceeded to administer Athens and Thessaloniki, while other regions of the country were given to Nazi Germany's partners, Fascist Italy and Bulgaria. The occupation brought about terrible hardships for the Greek civilian population. Over 100,000 civilians died of starvation during the winter of 1941–1942, tens of thousands more died because of reprisals by Nazis and collaborators, the country's economy was ruined and the great majority of Greek Jews were deported and murdered in Nazi concentration camps. The Greek Resistance, one of the most effective resistance movements in Europe fought vehemently against the Nazis and their collaborators. The German occupiers committed numerous atrocities, mass executions, and wholesale slaughter of civilians and destruction of towns and villages in reprisals. In the course of the concerted anti-guerrilla campaign, hundreds of villages were systematically torched and almost 1,000,000 Greeks left homeless. In total, the Germans executed some 21,000 Greeks, the Bulgarians 40,000 and the Italians 9,000.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "North African campaign", "paragraph_text": "The North African Campaign of the Second World War took place in North Africa from 10 June 1940 to 13 May 1943. It included campaigns fought in the Libyan and Egyptian deserts (Western Desert Campaign, also known as the Desert War) and in Morocco and Algeria (Operation Torch), as well as Tunisia (Tunisia Campaign).", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 20606, "question": "The Gallipoli Campaign fought against which country?", "answer": "the Ottoman Empire", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 45578, "question": "when did #1 take over greece", "answer": "1458", "paragraph_support_idx": 8 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Hialeah Seaboard Air Line Railway Station", "paragraph_text": "The Hialeah Seaboard Air Line Railway Station is a historic Seaboard Air Line Railroad depot in Hialeah, Florida. It is located at 1200 Southeast 10th Court.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "McNeal, Florida", "paragraph_text": "McNeal is an unincorporated community in Calhoun County, Florida, United States. It is located southeast of Blountstown on the northwest bank of the Apalachicola River, and is the eastern terminus of the Blountstown Greenway Bike Path, a rail-trail that was once part of the Marianna and Blountstown Railroad.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Aliquippa station", "paragraph_text": "Aliquippa station is a former railway station located in Aliquippa, Pennsylvania, United States. The station was constructed and used by the now defunct Pittsburgh and Lake Erie Railroad. Constructed in 1911, the station has also gone by the name of Woodlawn station because of the former town of Woodlawn that was merged with Aliquippa in the late 1870s. After the station closed to passengers, it was used for several years by the Jones and Laughlin Steel Company as an office building. Today, the structure sits vacant just outside the city of Aliquippa. The station was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990 as the Pittsburgh and Lake Erie Passenger Station, Aliquippa.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Sloan Station, Illinois", "paragraph_text": "Sloan Station is an unincorporated community in Champaign County, Illinois, United States. Sloan Station is located along a railroad line between Ivesdale and Sadorus. It is centered on an elevator that is no longer used for receiving grain, but still used for storage by the Grand Prairie Co-Op.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Blairton, West Virginia", "paragraph_text": "Blairton is an unincorporated community on Opequon Creek located east of Martinsburg in Berkeley County, West Virginia. Blairton was originally named Opequan Station because of its location on the Opequon along the railroad.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Allen Water Station", "paragraph_text": "The Allen Water Station is a district of structures representing different items built in the 1870s by the Houston and Texas Central Railroad at the city of Allen stop. The site includes six contributing structures: the Water Station site, the 1874 Dam, a section of railroad tracks and bed, a 1910 railroad bridge, and the ruins of the water tank and pumping facility.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Leach Railroad Station, Kentucky", "paragraph_text": "Leach Railroad Station, is an unincorporated community located 3 miles south of Catlettsburg in Boyd County, Kentucky. It was first established in approximately 1882 as a freight and passenger loading facility for the Chatteroi railroad (later Chesapeake and Ohio Railway). The former community of Leech Station is now mostly owned by Marathon Oil, which operates one of its seven oil refineries there. Marathon bought the large refinery at Leech Station from Ashland, Inc. in 1999. In 2000, Marathon took over ownership of old U.S. 23 and then purchased the remaining residential property located at Leech Station.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Rochester Community Schools (Michigan)", "paragraph_text": "Rochester Community Schools District serves Rochester, the majority of both Oakland Township, and Rochester Hills, as well as parts of Orion Township and Auburn Hills in northeast Oakland County and parts of Shelby Township and Washington Township in northwest Macomb County, in the U.S. state of Michigan. It currently has upwards of 14,500 students in 21 buildings, all located in Rochester Hills and Oakland Township, Michigan. The Administration Center is located in the city of Rochester.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Herndon Depot Museum", "paragraph_text": "The Herndon Depot Museum, also known as the Herndon Historical Society Museum, is located in the town of Herndon in Fairfax County, Virginia. Built in 1857 for the Alexandria, Loudoun & Hampshire Railroad, the depot later served the Richmond and Danville Railroad, the Southern Railway and the Washington and Old Dominion Railroad. The structure is located at 717 Lynn Street, at the intersection of the Washington & Old Dominion Railroad Trail and Station Street, north of Elden Street (signed nearby as Virginia State Routes 228 and 606). The building is adjacent to Town Hall Square, which contains the Herndon Town Hall, built in 1939 as a Works Progress Administration project to house all of the Town's administrative offices.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Kearsarge, California", "paragraph_text": "Kearsarge (formerly, Kearsarge Station and Citrus) is an unincorporated community in Inyo County, California. It is located on the former route of the Southern Pacific Railroad east of Independence, at an elevation of .", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Xenia Station", "paragraph_text": "Xenia Station, located at 150 Miami Avenue in Xenia, Ohio, in the United States, is a replica of Xenia's 1880s brick railroad station.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Indiana Railway Museum", "paragraph_text": "The Indiana Railway Museum is a railroad museum located in French Lick, Indiana, United States dedicated to preserving and displaying artifacts related to the history of railroads in Indiana.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Bivalve, California", "paragraph_text": "Bivalve is an unincorporated community in Marin County, California. It is located on the Northwestern Pacific Railroad northwest of Point Reyes Station, at an elevation of 43 feet (13 m).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Central do Brasil", "paragraph_text": "Central do Brasil () is a major train station in the Brazilian city of Rio de Janeiro. It is the last stop of Rio's railway network, as well as a hub for connection with the city subway and a bus station. Central do Brasil was also a preeminent stop in the interstate Central do Brasil railroad, which did link Rio de Janeiro with São Paulo and Minas Gerais, though the railroad is now deactivated. The station is located in downtown Rio de Janeiro, along the Avenida Presidente Vargas and across from the Campo de Santana park.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Colorado and Southern Railway", "paragraph_text": "The Colorado and Southern Railway was an American Class I railroad in the western United States that operated independently from 1898 to 1908, then as part of the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad until it was absorbed into the Burlington Northern Railroad in 1981.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Svenstrup, Aalborg Municipality", "paragraph_text": "Svenstrup is a town in Aalborg Municipality with a population of 7,000 (2014), Region Nordjylland in Denmark. It is located 3 km south of Aalborg. The town has a train station, which re-opened in 2003. The station is connected to the railroad between Aalborg Station and Århus Central Station.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Amboy station", "paragraph_text": "Amboy station is a former rail station in the city of Amboy, Lee County, Illinois, United States. The building was constructed as a headquarters building for the Illinois Central Railroad as well as a public train station for the fledgling city of Amboy in 1876. It was designed by railroad staff architect James Nocquet after a fire destroyed the original Illinois Central offices on the site. The building was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 1992 as the Amboy Illinois Central Depot.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Comertown, Montana", "paragraph_text": "Comertown is an unincorporated community in northeastern Sheridan County, Montana, United States. Founded in 1913, it was established as a station stop on the Soo Line Railroad branch line to Whitetail. It is centered at (48.8969706, -104.2499432) and located at an altitude of 2,270 feet (692 m).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Jackson Homestead", "paragraph_text": "The Jackson Homestead, located at 527 Washington Street, in the village of Newton Corner, in Newton, Massachusetts, is an historic house that served as a station on the Underground Railroad before the Civil War.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Cisco, California", "paragraph_text": "Cisco (formerly, Heaton Station) is an unincorporated community in Placer County, California. Cisco is located on the Union Pacific Railroad, south-southwest of Cisco Grove. It lies at an elevation of 5938 feet (1810 m).", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 129609, "question": "In which state is Stuyvesant Railroad Station located?", "answer": "New York", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 82685, "question": "what part of #1 is rochester in", "answer": "western New York", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Octavian Utalea", "paragraph_text": "Octavian Utalea (11 February 1868, Maieru (), Beszterce-Naszód, Kingdom of Hungary - present-day Bistriţa-Năsăud County, Romania – ?) became mayor of the municipality of Cluj, Romania on 1 May 1923. He served as mayor until 14 March 1926. Among the accomplishments of his term in office were the opening of an Army Club (\"Cerc Militar\") in the Reduta Palace and the founding of a School of Fine Arts (today's School of Plastic Arts) in the Central Park.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "2017 Raleigh mayoral election", "paragraph_text": "The biennial nonpartisan election for the Mayor of Raleigh, North Carolina was held on Tuesday, Oct. 10, 2017. As no candidate won a majority of the vote in the first round, a runoff was held on November 7, 2017, as requested by the second - place finisher, Charles Francis. Incumbent Mayor Nancy McFarlane defeated Francis in the runoff, winning a fourth term in office.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Nanjing", "paragraph_text": "At present, the full name of the government of Nanjing is \"People's Government of Nanjing City\" and the city is under the one-party rule of the CPC, with the CPC Nanjing Committee Secretary as the de facto governor of the city and the mayor as the executive head of the government working under the secretary.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Athanasius of Alexandria", "paragraph_text": "However Cornelius Clifford places his birth no earlier than 296 and no later than 298, based on the fact that Athanasius indicates no first hand recollection of the Maximian persecution of 303, which he suggests Athanasius would have remembered if he had been ten years old at the time. Secondly, the Festal Epistles state that the Arians had accused Athanasius, among other charges, of not having yet attained the canonical age (30) and thus could not have been properly ordained as Patriarch of Alexandria in 328. The accusation must have seemed plausible. The Orthodox Church places his year of birth around 297.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "La Rosiere de Pessac", "paragraph_text": "La Rosière de Pessac (The Virgin of Pessac) is the title of two hour-long films directed by Jean Eustache (in 1968 and 1979 respectively). The films cover an annual ceremony, held in Eustache's place of birth, in which the mayor and his associates nominate a girl as the town's most virtuous. Thus, the girls chosen in those two years are eponymous subjects of these documentaries.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Guarda, Portugal", "paragraph_text": "Guarda () is a city and a municipality in Guarda District, Beira Interior Norte sub-region in Centro Region in Portugal. The population in 2011 was 42,541, in an area of 712.10 km². The city of Guarda was founded by King Sancho I in 1199. The present mayor is Álvaro Amaro, who succeeded Joaquim Valente. The municipal holiday is November 27.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "The Place Beyond the Pines", "paragraph_text": "The Place Beyond the Pines is a 2012 American crime drama film directed by Derek Cianfrance and written by Cianfrance, Ben Coccio, and Darius Marder. It stars Ryan Gosling, Bradley Cooper, Eva Mendes, Emory Cohen and Dane DeHaan, with Ben Mendelsohn, Rose Byrne, Mahershala Ali, Bruce Greenwood, Harris Yulin, and Ray Liotta in supporting roles. The film reunites Cianfrance and Gosling, who worked together on 2010s Blue Valentine. The film was scored by Mike Patton and also featured previously written music by Estonian composer Arvo Pärt. The title is the English meaning of the city of Schenectady, New York, which is derived loosely from a Mohawk word for ``place beyond the pine plains. ''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Bob Henley", "paragraph_text": "Henley would appear in 41 games, starting 30 at catcher, for the 1998 Expos, as he and Mike Hubbard backed up regular Chris Widger. He amassed 35 hits and 11 walks in 132 plate appearances, batting .304 and collecting three homers (off Pedro Astacio, Kirt Ojala and Bobby Jones) and eight doubles. On September 25, his penultimate appearance of the season, Henley went 4-for-4 with two doubles and three runs batted in against the St. Louis Cardinals.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Kolkata Municipal Corporation", "paragraph_text": "Kolkata Municipal Corporation or KMC (formerly Calcutta Municipal Corporation or CMC) is responsible for the civic infrastructure and administration of the city of Kolkata. This civic administrative body administers an area of 200.71 km. Its motto, Purosree Bibardhan, is inscribed on its emblem in Bengali script. KMC is headed by Sovan Chatterjee the present Mayor of Kolkata.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Woman's Hour", "paragraph_text": "Created by Norman Collins and originally presented by Alan Ivimey, Woman's Hour was first broadcast on 7 October 1946 on the BBC's Light Programme (now called Radio 2). Janet Quigley, who was also involved with the birth of the UK radio programme Today, has been credited with ``virtually creating ''the programme.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Mexican passport", "paragraph_text": "1. Personally attend to any Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores (SRE) delegation or SRE affiliated office, with an appointment. 2. Fill with black ink, and by hand and in print the application for an ordinary passport book (Form OP - 5). The application can be obtained for free at any of the branches of the SRE or the Office of State or Municipal Liaison SRE. 3. Proof of Mexican nationality by presenting an original and a photocopy of any of the following documents: a) Certified copy of birth certificate issued by the Mexican civil registry office. Birth registration should not be time - barred (must have occurred within the first three years of life), if exceeded temporality, see section ``Additional Documentation for birth certificates with untimely registration ''; b) Certified copy of birth certificate issued by a consular office abroad *. c) Certificate * Copy of Mexican nationality; d) Declaration of Mexican nationality by birth *; e) Naturalization Certificate *, and f) Certificate of Citizenship Identity issued by the Secretary of the Interior", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Vincent Perrot", "paragraph_text": "Perrot's father was the Mayor of the town and died when Vincent was 11. His mother Marina decided to move the family to Limoges. As a child, Vincent Perrot used to listen to the radio France Bleu Limousin, in which a program about the cinema was broadcast. He wrote every week to the presenter to tell him that he did not agree with his point of view on the films he introduced. The presenter later invited him at his program and it was his beginning of his career at 17 on channel FR3.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Ilir Jaçellari", "paragraph_text": "Ilir Jaçellari was born in Lushnje, Albania on 07.07.1970. His first studies were in painting and acting with famous teaching personalities such as Faslli Haliti and Gjergj Lala. His first shows were presented in his city of birth. Ilir is son of famous Albanian writer Halil Jaçellari.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "New York City", "paragraph_text": "The present mayor is Bill de Blasio, the first Democrat since 1993. He was elected in 2013 with over 73% of the vote, and assumed office on January 1, 2014.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Arvo Ojala", "paragraph_text": "Arvo Ojala (February 21, 1920 in Seattle, Washington – July 1, 2005 in Gresham, Oregon) was a Hollywood technical advisor on the subject of quick-draw with a revolver. He also worked as an actor; his most famous role was that of the unnamed man shot by Marshal Matt Dillon in the opening sequences of the long-running television series \"Gunsmoke\". As a joke on the producers, James Arness and Arvo actually did the opener once with Dillon falling to the ground.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 15, "title": "The Big Arvo", "paragraph_text": "The Big Arvo, originally titled The Big Breakfast, is an Australian television program that was broadcast on the Seven Network from 1999 until 2005. It began in a morning timeslot under the name of \"The Big Breakfast\", before moving to the afternoon to make way for \"AMV: All Music Video\" and \"Sunrise\". The program was presented by four hosts, who hosted the show in a large model bus. The program included segments such as \"cool job\" and \"dare\" to amuse younger viewers and to teach viewers who had outgrown \"Play School\". It appeared in \"K-Zone\" magazine to celebrate 500 episodes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "2017 Cincinnati mayoral election", "paragraph_text": "The 2017 Cincinnati mayoral election took place on November 7, 2017, to elect the Mayor of Cincinnati, Ohio. The election was officially nonpartisan, with the top two candidates from the May 2 primary election advancing to the general election, regardless of party. Incumbent Democratic Mayor John Cranley won re-election to a second term.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Tevin Coleman", "paragraph_text": "Tevin Coleman Coleman in 2015 No. 26 -- Atlanta Falcons Position: Running back Date of birth: (1993 - 04 - 16) April 16, 1993 (age 24) Place of birth: Oak Forest, Illinois Height: 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m) Weight: 210 lb (95 kg) Career information High school: Oak Forest (IL) College: Indiana NFL Draft: 2015 / Round: 3 / Pick: 73 Career history Atlanta Falcons (2015 -- present) Roster status: Active Career highlights and awards Unanimous All - American (2014) First - team All - Big Ten (2014) Career NFL statistics as of Week 8, 2017 Rushing yards: 1,223 Rushing average: 4.7 Rushing touchdowns: 10 Receptions: 48 Receiving yards: 614 Receiving touchdowns: 4 Player stats at NFL.com", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Arvo Mets", "paragraph_text": "Arvo Antonovich Mets (; 29 April 1937 – 1997) was an Estonian-born Russian poet. He is regarded as a master of Russian free verse. He also translated works of Estonian poets into Russian.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "List of Arrow characters", "paragraph_text": "Moira Queen (portrayed by Susanna Thompson; Seasons 1 - 2) is the mother of Oliver and Thea, the former acting CEO of Queen Consolidated, mayoral candidate and wife of Robert Queen and later Walter Steele. She also had a brief affair with Malcolm Merlyn after his wife's death, which resulted in Thea's birth. She is based on the minor DC Comics character of the same name.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 144478, "question": "What is the birth place of Arvo Ojala?", "answer": "Seattle", "paragraph_support_idx": 14 }, { "id": 16101, "question": "Who is the present mayor of #1 ?", "answer": "Ed Murray", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Colony of Singapore", "paragraph_text": "The Colony of Singapore was a British Crown colony that existed from 1946 until 1963, when Singapore became part of Malaysia. When the Empire of Japan surrendered to the Allies at the end of World War II, the island was handed back to the British in 1945. In 1946, the Straits Settlements were dissolved and Singapore together with the Cocos - Keeling and Christmas islands became a separate Crown colony. The colony was governed by the British Empire until it gained partial internal self - governance in 1955.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Nauru", "paragraph_text": "Settled by people from Micronesia and Polynesia c.  1000 BCE, Nauru was annexed and claimed as a colony by the German Empire in the late 19th century. After World War I, Nauru became a League of Nations mandate administered by Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom. During World War II, Nauru was occupied by Japanese troops, who were bypassed by the Allied advance across the Pacific. After the war ended, the country entered into United Nations trusteeship. Nauru gained its independence in 1968, and became a member of the Pacific Community (SPC) in 1969.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "British America", "paragraph_text": "British America gained large amounts of new territory following the Treaty of Paris (1763) which ended British involvement in the Seven Years' War. At the start of the American War of Independence in 1775, the British Empire included twenty colonies north and east of New Spain (present - day areas of Mexico and the Western United States). East and West Florida were ceded to Spain in the Treaty of Paris (1783) which ended the American Revolution, and then ceded by Spain to the United States in 1819. The remaining continental colonies of British North America formed the Dominion of Canada by uniting between 1867 and 1873. The Dominion of Newfoundland joined Canada in 1949.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Monarchy of the United Kingdom", "paragraph_text": "In 1714, Queen Anne was succeeded by her second cousin, and Sophia's son, George I, Elector of Hanover, who consolidated his position by defeating Jacobite rebellions in 1715 and 1719. The new monarch was less active in government than many of his British predecessors, but retained control over his German kingdoms, with which Britain was now in personal union. Power shifted towards George's ministers, especially to Sir Robert Walpole, who is often considered the first British prime minister, although the title was not then in use. The next monarch, George II, witnessed the final end of the Jacobite threat in 1746, when the Catholic Stuarts were completely defeated. During the long reign of his grandson, George III, Britain's American colonies were lost, the former colonies having formed the United States of America, but British influence elsewhere in the world continued to grow, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was created by the Acts of Union 1800.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Slavery in international law", "paragraph_text": "The concept has its roots in the 1807 Abolition of Slavery Act of Great Britain. Many academics in the field perceive this as the beginning of the end of the traditional form of slavery: chattel slavery. In the 19th century, Britain controlled the majority of the world through its colonies. Consequently, in passing this law to abolish slavery, the British Parliament abolished slavery in the vast majority of its colonies.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Independence of New Zealand", "paragraph_text": "The principles behind the independence of New Zealand began before New Zealand even became a British colony in 1840. There had been minor rebellions in Canada, and in order to avoid making the mistakes which had led to the American revolution, Lord Durham was commissioned to make a report on the government of colonies which contained a substantial British population. The principles of self - government within the Empire were laid down in the Durham Report and first put into operation in Nova Scotia in 1848. Canada, New Zealand, and the Australian colonies very soon followed suit. The British Parliament passed the New Zealand Constitution Act 1852 to grant the colony's settlers the right to self - governance, only 12 years (in 1853) after the founding of the colony. New Zealand was therefore to all intents and purposes independent in domestic matters from its earliest days as a British colony.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Capital punishment in Canada", "paragraph_text": "Capital punishment in Canada dates back to Canada's earliest history, including its period as a French colony and, after 1763, its time as a British colony. From 1867 to the elimination of the death penalty for murder on July 14, 1976, 1,481 people had been sentenced to death, and 710 had been executed. Of those executed, 697 were men and 13 were women. The only method used in Canada for capital punishment of civilians after the end of the French regime was hanging. The last execution in Canada was the double hanging of Arthur Lucas and Ronald Turpin on December 11, 1962, at Toronto's Don Jail.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Name of Canada", "paragraph_text": "European explorer Jacques Cartier transcribed the word as ``Canada ''and was the first to use the word to refer not only to the village of Stadacona but also to the neighbouring region and to the Saint Lawrence River, which he called rivière de Canada during his second voyage in 1535. By the mid 1500s, European books and maps began referring to this region as Canada. Canada became the name of a colony in New France that stretched along the St. Lawrence River. The terms`` Canada'' and ``New France ''were often used interchangeably during the colonial period.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "John Marshall", "paragraph_text": "John Marshall (September 24, 1755 -- July 6, 1835) was an American politician and the fourth Chief Justice of the United States (1801 -- 1835). His court opinions helped lay the basis for United States constitutional law and many say he made the Supreme Court of the United States a coequal branch of government along with the legislative and executive branches. Previously, Marshall had been a leader of the Federalist Party in Virginia and served in the United States House of Representatives from 1799 to 1800. He was Secretary of State under President John Adams from 1800 to 1801 and, at the age of 45, became the last of the chief justices to be born in Colonial America.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "History of Canada", "paragraph_text": "With the end of the Seven Years' War and the signing of the Treaty of Paris (1763), France ceded almost all of its remaining territory in mainland North America, except for fishing rights off Newfoundland and the two small islands of Saint Pierre and Miquelon where its fishermen could dry their fish. France had already secretly ceded its vast Louisiana territory to Spain under the Treaty of Fontainebleau (1762) in which King Louis XV of France had given his cousin King Charles III of Spain the entire area of the drainage basin of the Mississippi River from the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico and from the Appalachian Mountains to the Rocky Mountains. France and Spain kept the Treaty of Fontainebleau secret from other countries until 1764. In return for acquiring Canada, Britain returned to France its most important sugar - producing colony, Guadeloupe, which the French at the time considered more valuable than Canada. (Guadeloupe produced more sugar than all the British islands combined, and Voltaire had notoriously dismissed Canada as ``Quelques arpents de neige '',`` A few acres of snow'').", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "British Empire", "paragraph_text": "Between 1815 and 1914, a period referred to as Britain's ``imperial century ''by some historians, around 10,000,000 square miles (26,000,000 km) of territory and roughly 400 million people were added to the British Empire. Victory over Napoleon left Britain without any serious international rival, other than Russia in Central Asia. Unchallenged at sea, Britain adopted the role of global policeman, a state of affairs later known as the Pax Britannica, and a foreign policy of`` splendid isolation''. Alongside the formal control it exerted over its own colonies, Britain's dominant position in world trade meant that it effectively controlled the economies of many countries, such as China, Argentina and Siam, which has been described by some historians as an ``Informal Empire ''.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 11, "title": "John Marshall", "paragraph_text": "John Marshall (September 24, 1755 -- July 6, 1835) was an American politician. He was the fourth Chief Justice of the United States (1801 -- 1835). His court opinions helped lay the basis for United States constitutional law and many say he made the Supreme Court of the United States a coequal branch of government along with the legislative and executive branches. Previously, Marshall had been a leader of the Federalist Party in Virginia and served in the United States House of Representatives from 1799 to 1800. He was Secretary of State under President John Adams from 1800 to 1801 and, at the age of 45, became the last of the chief justices to be born in Colonial America.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Economy of Malta", "paragraph_text": "During the Napoleonic Wars (1800–1815), Malta's economy prospered and became the focal point of a major trading system. In 1808, two thirds of the cargo consigned from Malta went to Levant and Egypt. Later, one half of the cargo was usually destined for Trieste. Cargo consisted of largely British and colonial-manufactured goods. Malta's economy became prosperous from this trade and many artisans, such as weavers, found new jobs in the port industry.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Newfoundland and Labrador", "paragraph_text": "A former colony and then dominion of the United Kingdom, Newfoundland gave up its independence in 1933, following significant economic distress caused by the Great Depression and the aftermath of Newfoundland's participation in World War I. It became the tenth province to enter the Canadian Confederation on March 31, 1949, as ``Newfoundland. ''On December 6, 2001, an amendment was made to the Constitution of Canada to change the province's official name to Newfoundland and Labrador.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "White House", "paragraph_text": "President John Adams also occupied the Market Street mansion from March 1797 to May 1800. On Saturday, November 1, 1800, he became the first president to occupy the White House. The President's House in Philadelphia became a hotel and was demolished in 1832, while the unused presidential mansion became home to the University of Pennsylvania.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Thirteen Colonies", "paragraph_text": "The Thirteen Colonies were a group of British colonies on the east coast of North America founded in the 17th and 18th centuries that declared independence in 1776 and formed the United States of America. The Thirteen Colonies had very similar political, constitutional, and legal systems, and were dominated by Protestant English - speakers. They were part of Britain's possessions in the New World, which also included colonies in Canada and the Caribbean, as well as East and West Florida.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Provinces and territories of Canada", "paragraph_text": "The provinces and territories of Canada are the administrative divisions that are responsible for the delivery of sub-national governance within the geographical areas of Canada under the authority of the Canadian Constitution. In the 1867 Canadian Confederation, three provinces of British North America -- New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and the Province of Canada (which, upon Confederation, was divided into Ontario and Quebec) -- were united to form a federated colony, which eventually became a sovereign nation in the next century. Over its history, Canada's international borders have changed several times, and the country has grown from the original four provinces to the current ten provinces and three territories. The ten provinces are Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, and Saskatchewan. Several of the provinces were former British colonies, and Quebec was originally a French colony, while others were added as Canada grew. The three territories are Northwest Territories, Nunavut, and Yukon, which govern the rest of the area of the former British North America. Together, the provinces and territories make up the world's second - largest country by area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Pacific Ocean", "paragraph_text": "In Oceania, France obtained a leading position as imperial power after making Tahiti and New Caledonia protectorates in 1842 and 1853 respectively. After navy visits to Easter Island in 1875 and 1887, Chilean navy officer Policarpo Toro negotiated the incorporation of the island into Chile with native Rapanui in 1888. By occupying Easter Island, Chile joined the imperial nations. By 1900 nearly all Pacific islands were in control of Britain, France, United States, Germany, Japan, and Chile.Although the United States gained control of Guam and the Philippines from Spain in 1898, Japan controlled most of the western Pacific by 1914 and occupied many other islands during World War II. However, by the end of that war, Japan was defeated and the U.S. Pacific Fleet was the virtual master of the ocean. Since the end of World War II, many former colonies in the Pacific have become independent states.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "French colonial empire", "paragraph_text": "The French colonial empire began to fall during the Second World War, when various parts were occupied by foreign powers (Japan in Indochina, Britain in Syria, Lebanon, and Madagascar, the United States and Britain in Morocco and Algeria, and Germany and Italy in Tunisia). However, control was gradually reestablished by Charles de Gaulle. The French Union, included in the Constitution of 1946, nominally replaced the former colonial empire, but officials in Paris remained in full control. The colonies were given local assemblies with only limited local power and budgets. There emerged a group of elites, known as evolués, who were natives of the overseas territories but lived in metropolitan France.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "British Empire", "paragraph_text": "The independence of the Thirteen Colonies in North America in 1783 after the American War of Independence caused Britain to lose some of its oldest and most populous colonies. British attention soon turned towards Asia, Africa, and the Pacific. After the defeat of France in the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars (1792 -- 1815), Britain emerged as the principal naval and imperial power of the 19th century. Unchallenged at sea, British dominance was later described as Pax Britannica (``British Peace ''), a period of relative peace in Europe and the world (1815 -- 1914) during which the British Empire became the global hegemon and adopted the role of global policeman. In the early 19th century, the Industrial Revolution began to transform Britain; by the time of the Great Exhibition in 1851 the country was described as the`` workshop of the world''. The British Empire expanded to include most of India, large parts of Africa and many other territories throughout the world. Alongside the formal control that Britain exerted over its own colonies, its dominance of much of world trade meant that it effectively controlled the economies of many regions, such as Asia and Latin America.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 76701, "question": "who controlled the world at the end of the 1800s", "answer": "Britain", "paragraph_support_idx": 10 }, { "id": 74420, "question": "when did canada became a colony of #1", "answer": "1763", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "2012 Summer Olympics medal table", "paragraph_text": "Of the 204 NOCs participating, 85 received at least one medal; 55 won at least one gold medal. Athletes from the United States won the most gold medals, with 46, and the most overall, with 103. Michael Phelps and Missy Franklin won the most gold medals at the games with four each. Phelps also won the greatest number of medals overall winning six in total. Bahrain, Botswana, Cyprus, Gabon, Grenada (a gold medal), Guatemala, and Montenegro won their first Olympic medals. In prior Olympics, however, Montenegrin athletes have won medals as nationals of Serbia and Montenegro and of Yugoslavia. An athlete from Serbia won the first Olympic gold medal for the country as an independent NOC, however, Serbian athletes have previously won gold medals as nationals of Serbia and Montenegro and of Yugoslavia. Moldova lost all the medals it had won and Cameroon won all its medals due to medals reallocation after retesting of doping samples in 2016.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "2008 Summer Olympics medal table", "paragraph_text": "Athletes from 87 countries won medals, leaving 115 countries without a medal, and 54 of them won at least one gold medal. Both of these categories set new records until surpassed in 2016. Athletes from China won the most gold medals, with 48 gold medals. Athletes from the United States won the most total medals, with 111. Afghanistan, Mauritius, Sudan, Tajikistan and Togo won their first Olympic medals. Athletes from Mongolia (which previously held the record for most medals without a gold) and Panama won their first gold medals. Serbian swimmer Milorad Čavić won the first medal for the country as an independent NOC. Serbian athletes have previously won medals as nationals of Yugoslavia and Serbia and Montenegro. Samoa won its first Olympic medal due to medals reallocation after 2016 wave of doping samples retesting.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Ice hockey at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament", "paragraph_text": "The United States winning the gold medal game against Canada marks the first time in 20 years that the United States took home a gold medal in women's hockey. They previously won in 1998 in Nagano, Japan, which was also against Canada. Canada's loss effectively ended their winning streak of four consecutive winter games, having won since 2002.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Marcia Gudereit", "paragraph_text": "Born in Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, she was part of Team Schmirler, the women's curling team that won a gold medal at the 1998 Winter Olympics. This team is the only 3-time winner of the World Curling Championship (1993, 1994, 1997). After Sandra died, she remained in the team, now skipped by Jan Betker for whom she currently plays. She curls out of the Caledonia Curling Club in Regina, Saskatchewan and works as a systems analyst for The Co-operators.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Rachel Morris (cyclist)", "paragraph_text": "Rachel Morris (born on 25 April 1979) is a British Paralympic sportswoman who has won Paralympic gold medals in both cycling and rowing. She took a gold medal at the 2008 Summer Paralympics as a handcyclist, and eight years later at Rio she won gold in the women's single sculls as a rower. She lost both her legs to Complex regional pain syndrome and cycles, in part, to manage the pain. She was born in Guildford, Surrey.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Lorne De Pape", "paragraph_text": "Lorne De Pape (born 18 April 1955 in Saint Boniface, Manitoba) is a Canadian-born New Zealand curler. He moved to New Zealand in the 1990s due to his job for Monsanto. He competed for New Zealand at the 2006 Winter Olympics despite the country having limited curling resources at the time. His curling teammates were skip Sean Becker, Hans Frauenlob, Dan Mustapic and Warren Dobson. Before that he had helped found the Auckland Curling Club in 1996 and has won 4 gold medals at the Pacific Curling Championships.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Lena Schöneborn", "paragraph_text": "Lena Schöneborn (born April 11, 1986 in Troisdorf, Germany) is a German pentathlete, who won the gold medal in the Modern Pentathlon at the 2008 Summer Olympics. She is living in Berlin and besides Pentathlon she is studying Marketing. She won gold at the Women’s Final of the Modern Pentathlon European Championships 2011, held in Medway.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Lee Hwa-sook", "paragraph_text": "Lee Hwa Sook is a South Korean paralympic archer. She won the gold medal at the Women's individual recurve - Standing event at the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Sarah Bowen", "paragraph_text": "Sarah Bowen, OAM(born 15 April 1984) is an Australian Paralympic swimmer. She was born in Geelong with achondroplasia dwarfism. She competed in four events at the 2004 Athens Games and won a gold medal in the Women's 100m Breaststroke SB6 event, for which she received a Medal of the Order of Australia. At the 2008 Beijing Games, she competed in three events and won a silver medal in the Women's 100m Breaststroke SB6 event.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament", "paragraph_text": "For the first time, the women's gold medal game was decided in overtime, with Canada defeating the United States 3 -- 2. Switzerland defeated Sweden for their first Olympic ice hockey medal in 66 years, and first ever medal in the women's tournament. With the win, the Canadian women's national ice hockey team won its fourth consecutive gold medal, a feat only previously accomplished by the Soviet Union men's team in 1964 -- 76, and the Canadian men's team in 1920 -- 32.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Sandra Smith (cyclist)", "paragraph_text": "She was born on 23 May 1968 in Merredin, Western Australia. She won two gold medals at the 1996 Atlanta Games in the Women's Individual Pursuit Tandem open and Women's Kilo Tandem open events with Teresa Poole, for which she received a Medal of the Order of Australia. In 2000, she received an Australian Sports Medal.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "List of Olympic medalists in curling", "paragraph_text": "Games Gold Silver Bronze 1998 Nagano details Canada (CAN) Sandra Schmirler Jan Betker Joan McCusker Marcia Gudereit Atina Ford Denmark (DEN) Helena Blach Lavrsen Margit Pörtner Dorthe Holm Trine Qvist Jane Bidstrup Sweden (SWE) Elisabet Gustafson Katarina Nyberg Louise Marmont Elisabeth Persson Margaretha Lindahl 2002 Salt Lake City details Great Britain (GBR) Rhona Martin Deborah Knox Fiona MacDonald Janice Rankin Margaret Morton Switzerland (SUI) Luzia Ebnöther Mirjam Ott Tanya Frei Laurence Bidaud Nadia Röthlisberger Canada (CAN) Kelley Law Julie Skinner Georgina Wheatcroft Diane Nelson Cheryl Noble 2006 Turin details Sweden (SWE) Anette Norberg Eva Lund Cathrine Lindahl Anna Svärd Ulrika Bergman Switzerland (SUI) Mirjam Ott Binia Beeli Valeria Spälty Michèle Moser Manuela Kormann Canada (CAN) Shannon Kleibrink Amy Nixon Glenys Bakker Christine Keshen Sandra Jenkins 2010 Vancouver details Sweden (SWE) Anette Norberg Eva Lund Cathrine Lindahl Anna Le Moine Kajsa Bergström Canada (CAN) Cheryl Bernard Susan O'Connor Carolyn Darbyshire Cori Bartel Kristie Moore China (CHN) Wang Bingyu Liu Yin Yue Qingshuang Zhou Yan Liu Jinli 2014 Sochi details Canada (CAN) Jennifer Jones Kaitlyn Lawes Jill Officer Dawn McEwen Kirsten Wall Sweden (SWE) Margaretha Sigfridsson Maria Prytz Christina Bertrup Maria Wennerström Agnes Knochenhauer Great Britain (GBR) Eve Muirhead Anna Sloan Vicki Adams Claire Hamilton Lauren Gray 2018 Pyeongchang details Sweden (SWE) Anna Hasselborg Sara McManus Agnes Knochenhauer Sofia Mabergs Jennie Wåhlin South Korea (KOR) Kim Eun - jung Kim Kyeong - ae Kim Seon - yeong Kim Yeong - mi Kim Cho - hi Japan (JPN) Satsuki Fujisawa Chinami Yoshida Yumi Suzuki Yurika Yoshida Mari Motohashi", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Tang Hongxia", "paragraph_text": "She competed in the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing, China. There she won a gold medal in the women's F12‒F13 shot putt event and finished sixth in the F12‒F13 discus throw.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Trine Trulsen Vågberg", "paragraph_text": "Trine Trulsen Vågberg (born 19 April 1962 in Drøbak, Norway) is a Norwegian curler. She won a silver medal at the 1989, and a bronze medal at the 2002 World Curling Championships.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Yulianne Rodríguez", "paragraph_text": "Yulianne Rodríguez Cruz (born August 12, 1982) is a women's basketball player from Cuba. Playing as a forward she won the gold medal with the Cuba women's national basketball team at the 2003 Pan American Games in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Adam Enright", "paragraph_text": "Adam Enright (born November 16, 1983, in Rosalind, Alberta) is a Canadian curler from Edmonton, Alberta. He is a former alternate for Kevin Martin's rink with whom he won a gold medal at the 2010 Winter Olympics as well as wins at the 2008 Tim Hortons Brier and the 2008 World Men's Curling Championship. Currently, Enright plays third for Kurt Balderston's rink.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Juliet Haslam", "paragraph_text": "Juliet Haslam OAM (born 31 May 1969 in Adelaide, South Australia) is a former field hockey defender and midfielder from Australia, who competed in three consecutive Summer Olympics, starting in 1992, for her native country. She was a member of the Australia women's national field hockey team, best known as the \"Hockeyroos\", that won the gold medals at the 1996 and 2000 Summer Olympics. As well as being a dual Olympic Gold Medallist, she won a Commonwealth Games Gold Medal, two World Cup Gold Medals, five Champions Trophy Gold Medals and was named in the Australian Women’s ‘Team of the Century’.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Shyril O'Steen", "paragraph_text": "Shyril O'Steen (born October 5, 1960, in Seattle, Washington) is an American former competitive rower and Olympic gold medalist. She was a member of the American women's eights team that won the gold medal at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "List of Olympic medalists in volleyball", "paragraph_text": "Following the United States - led boycott of the Moscow Olympics, the Soviet Union and some of its allies responded by boycotting the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics, citing security concerns. The United States won its first medals in volleyball at the Los Angeles Games: a gold in the men's competition, and a silver in the women's. The People's Republic of China won the gold medal in the women's competition in Los Angeles, their first time participating in an Olympic volleyball competition. The United States successfully defended their men's gold medal at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, and Peru won their only medal in volleyball, a silver in the women's competition. The Soviet Union won a silver medal in the men's competition and a gold in the women's at what would be their final Olympics. Following the 1990 -- 91 breakup of the Soviet Union, 12 of the 15 newly independent countries competed together as the Unified Team in Barcelona. In the women's competition, the Unified Team won the silver medal, and Cuba won their first of three consecutive gold medals. In the men's competition, Brazil won its first gold medal, and the Netherlands its first overall medal in the sport.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Curling at the 2018 Winter Olympics", "paragraph_text": "The curling competition at the 2018 Winter Olympics was held between 8 and 25 February 2018 at the Gangneung Curling Centre. This was the seventh time that curling is on the Olympic program. In each of the men's and women's competitions, ten nations competed. As decided in 2015, a third competition, mixed doubles curling, has graduated from a spectator sport to a full medal competition. Teams consisted of one woman and one man. There were eight participating countries in the mixed competition.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 45467, "question": "who won the women's gold medal curling", "answer": "Sweden (", "paragraph_support_idx": 11 }, { "id": 159613, "question": "When did Alanders rejoin #1 ?", "answer": "December 1917", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Antonis Rikka", "paragraph_text": "Antonis Rikka (; born 3 March 1986 in Marseille) is a Greek football player currently playing for Ialysos Rhodes in the Gamma Ethniki as a defensive midfielder.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Joseph Fontenrose", "paragraph_text": "Joseph Eddy Fontenrose (17 June 1903, Sutter Creek – 7 July 1986, Ashland, Oregon) was an American classical scholar. He was centrally interested in Greek religion and Greek mythology; he was also an expert on John Steinbeck, commenting on the mythology in Steinbeck's work.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Roselawn, Indiana", "paragraph_text": "Roselawn is known within northwestern Indiana for the two nudist resorts which operate in this town: the Ponderosa Sun Club and Sun Aura. Sun Aura resort was previously known as Naked City, but closed in 1986 after its operator, Dick Drost, encountered significant legal troubles. The resort continued to operate under several different owners and was known as Sunspot resort prior to becoming Sun Aura. The clubs are long-standing fixtures of the community, dating to the 1930s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Ahmed Temsah", "paragraph_text": "Ahmed Temsah () (born 12 April 1986) is an Egyptian footballer who plays for El Dakhleya, as well as the Egypt national football team.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Lake Pontchartrain", "paragraph_text": "Lake Pontchartrain is named for Louis Phélypeaux, comte de Pontchartrain. He was the French Minister of the Marine, Chancellor, and Controller-General of Finances during the reign of France's \"Sun King\", Louis XIV, for whom the colony of \"La Louisiane\" was named.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Archimedes", "paragraph_text": "Archimedes was born c. 287 BC in the seaport city of Syracuse, Sicily, at that time a self-governing colony in Magna Graecia. The date of birth is based on a statement by the Byzantine Greek historian John Tzetzes that Archimedes lived for 75 years. In The Sand Reckoner, Archimedes gives his father's name as Phidias, an astronomer about whom nothing else is known. Plutarch wrote in his Parallel Lives that Archimedes was related to King Hiero II, the ruler of Syracuse. A biography of Archimedes was written by his friend Heracleides but this work has been lost, leaving the details of his life obscure. It is unknown, for instance, whether he ever married or had children. During his youth, Archimedes may have studied in Alexandria, Egypt, where Conon of Samos and Eratosthenes of Cyrene were contemporaries. He referred to Conon of Samos as his friend, while two of his works (The Method of Mechanical Theorems and the Cattle Problem) have introductions addressed to Eratosthenes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "The Day After Trinity", "paragraph_text": "The Day After Trinity (a.k.a. The Day After Trinity: J. Robert Oppenheimer and the Atomic Bomb) is a 1980 documentary film directed and produced by Jon H. Else in association with KTEH public television in San Jose, California. The film tells the story of J. Robert Oppenheimer (1904–1967), the theoretical physicist who led the effort to build the first atomic bomb, tested in July 1945 at Trinity site in New Mexico. Featuring candid interviews with several Manhattan Project scientists, as well as newly declassified archival footage, \"The Day After Trinity\" was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature of 1980, and received a Peabody Award in 1981.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "2004 Sinai bombings", "paragraph_text": "The 2004 Sinai bombings were three bomb attacks targeting tourist hotels in the Sinai Peninsula, Egypt, on 7 October 2004. The attacks left 34 people dead and 171 injured.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Antonis Benakis", "paragraph_text": "Antonis Benakis (Greek: Αντώνης Μπενάκης) (1873–1954) was a Greek art collector and the founder of the Benaki Museum in Athens, Greece, the son of politician and magnate Emmanuel Benakis and the brother of author Penelope Delta. He is the hero of Delta's book \"\"Trellantonis\"\" (Crazy Antony), a literary account of the sundry, mischievous adventures of children growing up in Alexandria, Egypt, in the early 20th century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Near East", "paragraph_text": "One such institution is the Centre for the Study of Ancient Documents (CSAD) founded by and located centrally at Oxford University, Great Britain. Among its many activities CSAD numbers \"a long-term project to create a library of digitised images of Greek inscriptions.\" These it arranges by region. The Egypt and the Near East region besides Egypt includes Cyprus, Persia and Afghanistan but not Asia Minor (a separate region).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Sokratis Lagoudakis", "paragraph_text": "Sokratis Lagoudakis () (born 1861 in Crete – died June 3, 1944 in Alexandria, Egypt) was a Greek long-distance runner who competed at the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Greeks", "paragraph_text": "Greek colonies and communities have been historically established on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea, but the Greek people have always been centered around the Aegean and Ionian seas, where the Greek language has been spoken since the Bronze Age. Until the early 20th century, Greeks were distributed between the Greek peninsula, the western coast of Asia Minor, the Black Sea coast, Cappadocia in central Anatolia, Egypt, the Balkans, Cyprus, and Constantinople. Many of these regions coincided to a large extent with the borders of the Byzantine Empire of the late 11th century and the Eastern Mediterranean areas of ancient Greek colonization. The cultural centers of the Greeks have included Athens, Thessalonica, Alexandria, Smyrna, and Constantinople at various periods.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Greek War of Independence", "paragraph_text": "The Greek War of Independence, also known as the Greek Revolution (, \"Elliniki Epanastasi\", or also referred to by Greeks in the 19th century as the Αγώνας, \"Agonas\", \"Struggle\"; Ottoman: يونان عصياني \"Yunan İsyanı\", \"Greek Uprising\"), was a successful war of independence waged by Greek revolutionaries against the Ottoman Empire between 1821 and 1830. The Greeks were later assisted by the Russian Empire, Great Britain, and the Kingdom of France, while the Ottomans were aided by their North African vassals, the eyalets of Egypt, Algeria, and Tripolitania, and the Beylik of Tunis.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "SEKEM", "paragraph_text": "The organization SEKEM (Ancient Egyptian: 'vitality from the sun') was founded in 1977 by the Egyptian pharmacologist and social entrepreneur Dr. Ibrahim Abouleish in order to bring about cultural renewal in Egypt on a sustainable basis. Located northeast of Cairo, the organization now includes:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Egypt", "paragraph_text": "Of the Christian minority in Egypt over 90% belong to the native Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria, an Oriental Orthodox Christian Church. Other native Egyptian Christians are adherents of the Coptic Catholic Church, the Evangelical Church of Egypt and various other Protestant denominations. Non-native Christian communities are largely found in the urban regions of Cairo and Alexandria, such as the Syro-Lebanese, who belong to Greek Catholic, Greek Orthodox, and Maronite Catholic denominations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Leona Woods", "paragraph_text": "Leona Harriet Woods (August 9, 1919 – November 10, 1986), later known as Leona Woods Marshall and Leona Woods Marshall Libby, was an American physicist who helped build the first nuclear reactor and the first atomic bomb.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Seti I", "paragraph_text": "Menmaatre Seti I (or Sethos I as in Greek) was a pharaoh of the New Kingdom Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt, the son of Ramesses I and Sitre, and the father of Ramesses II. As with all dates in Ancient Egypt, the actual dates of his reign are unclear, and various historians claim different dates, with 1294 BC to 1279 BC and 1290 BC to 1279 BC being the most commonly used by scholars today.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Portrait (Lynda Carter album)", "paragraph_text": "Portrait is the first album by the American actress Lynda Carter. It was released in 1978 on vinyl LP, 8-track and cassette as well as a limited edition picture LP. Carter co-wrote three of the songs: \"Want to Get Beside You,\" \"Fantasy Man\" and \"Toto (Don't It Feel Like Paradise)\". The album also included the cover songs \"She's Always a Woman\" by Billy Joel and \"Just One Look\" by Doris Troy. Promotional singles were released for \"All Night Song\" and \"Toto (Don't It Feel Like Paradise).\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Cinderella", "paragraph_text": "The oldest known version of the Cinderella story is the ancient Greek story of Rhodopis, a Greek courtesan living in the colony of Naucratis in Egypt, whose name means ``Rosy - Cheeks ''. The story is first recorded by the Greek geographer Strabo in his Geographica (book 17, 33), probably written around 7 BC or thereabouts:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Someone like You (Adele song)", "paragraph_text": "Adele had said that she began writing it on her acoustic guitar in the wake of the break - up of her 18 - month relationship with the 30 - year - old man she thought she would marry. A few months after their split, he was engaged to someone else. ``We were so intense I thought we would get married. But that was something he never wanted... So when I found out he does want that with someone else, it was just the horrible - est feeling ever. But after I wrote it, I felt more at peace. It set me free... I did n't think it would resonate... with the world! I'm never gon na write a song like that again. I think that's the song I'll be known for. ''She also said that`` I wrote that song on the end of my bed. I had a cold. I was waiting for my bath to run. I'd found out that he'd got engaged to someone else.''", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 159408, "question": "Where else besides Egypt were Greek colonies?", "answer": "Libya", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 21249, "question": "How did The Sun feel about the American bombing of #1 in 1986?", "answer": "strongly supported the April 1986 bombing", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Spectre (2015 film)", "paragraph_text": "Spectre has received mixed reviews, with many reviewers either giving the film highly positive or highly negative feedback. Many critics praised the film's opening scene, action sequences, stuntwork, cinematography and performances from the cast. In some early reviews, the film received favourable comparisons with its predecessor, Skyfall. Rotten Tomatoes sampled 274 reviews and judged 64% of the critiques to be positive, saying that the film \"nudges Daniel Craig's rebooted Bond closer to the glorious, action-driven spectacle of earlier entries, although it's admittedly reliant on established 007 formula.\" On Metacritic, the film has a rating of 60 out of 100, based on 48 critics, indicating \"mixed or average reviews\". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of \"A−\" on an A+ to F scale.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "The Marriage Playground", "paragraph_text": "The Marriage Playground is a 1929 American pre-Code drama film directed by Lothar Mendes, and written by Doris Anderson, J. Walter Ruben, and Edith Wharton. The film stars Mary Brian, Fredric March, Lilyan Tashman, Huntley Gordon, Kay Francis, William Austin, and Seena Owen. The film was released on December 21, 1929, by Paramount Pictures.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Bring 'Em Back Alive (film)", "paragraph_text": "Bring 'Em Back Alive is a 1932 American Pre-Code jungle adventure documentary filmed in Malaya starring Frank Buck. The film was promoted with an NBC radio series of the same title.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Big Fish", "paragraph_text": "Burton planned to start filming in October 2002, but principal photography in Alabama did not begin until January 13, 2003. Apart from filming in Paris for one week in May, \"Big Fish\" was entirely shot in Alabama, mostly in Wetumpka and Montgomery (such as the Cloverdale neighborhood). Brief filming also took place in Tallassee and on the campus of Huntingdon College. Scenes for the town of Spectre were filmed on a custom set located on an island in Lake Jackson between Montgomery and Millbrook, Alabama, adjacent to the Alabama River. Principal photography for \"Big Fish\" in Alabama continued until the first week of April. and is estimated to have generated as much as $25 million for the local economy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Spectre (2015 film)", "paragraph_text": "In November 2013 MGM and the McClory estate formally settled the issue with Danjaq, LLC—sister company of Eon Productions—with MGM acquiring the full copyright film rights to the concept of Spectre and all of the characters associated with it. With the acquisition of the film rights and the organisation's re-introduction to the series' continuity, the SPECTRE acronym was discarded and the organisation reimagined as \"Spectre\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Drug Scenes", "paragraph_text": "Drug Scenes (original French title Scénarios sur la drogue, also titled Drugs!) is an omnibus film (2000) of 24 French short films depicting drug abuse. Varying in length from three to seven minutes, they showed in movie theaters before feature films.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "The Doorway to Hell", "paragraph_text": "The Doorway to Hell is a 1930 American pre-Code crime film directed by Archie Mayo and starring Lew Ayres and James Cagney, in his second film role. The film was based on the story \"A Handful of Clouds\", written by Rowland Brown. The film's title was typical of the sensationalistic titles of many Pre-Code films. It was marketed with the tagline, \"The picture Gangland defied Hollywood to make!\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "The Beast of Borneo", "paragraph_text": "The Beast of Borneo is a 1934 American Pre-Code film directed by Harry Garson. The film is made up mostly of leftover footage from Universal Studios's \"East of Borneo\", made in 1931. A couple of added dialogue scenes were spliced into what was essentially a travelogue and a series of close-ups of an enraged orangutan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Spectre (2015 film)", "paragraph_text": "Spectre had its world premiere in London on 26 October 2015 at the Royal Albert Hall, the same day as its general release in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland. Following the announcement of the start of filming, Paramount Pictures brought forward the release of Mission: Impossible – Rogue Nation to avoid competing with Spectre. In March 2015 IMAX corporation announced that Spectre would be screened in its cinemas, following Skyfall's success with the company. In the UK it received a wider release than Skyfall, with a minimum of 647 cinemas including 40 IMAX screens, compared to Skyfall's 587 locations and 21 IMAX screens.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Spectre (2015 film)", "paragraph_text": "In addition to the principal cast, Alessandro Cremona was cast as Marco Sciarra, Stephanie Sigman was cast as Estrella, and Detlef Bothe was cast as a villain for scenes shot in Austria. In February 2015 over fifteen hundred extras were hired for the pre-title sequence set in Mexico, though they were duplicated in the film, giving the effect of around ten thousand extras.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Spectre (2015 film)", "paragraph_text": "Prior to its UK release, Spectre mostly received positive reviews. Mark Kermode, writing in The Guardian, gave the film four out of five stars, observing that the film did not live up to the standard set by Skyfall, but was able to tap into audience expectations. Writing in the same publication, Peter Bradshaw gave the film a full five stars, calling it \"inventive, intelligent and complex\", and singling out Craig's performance as the film's highlight. In another five star review, The Daily Telegraph's Robbie Collin described Spectre as \"a swaggering show of confidence'\", lauding it as \"a feat of pure cinematic necromancy.\" In an otherwise positive, but overall less enthusiastic review, IGN's Chris Tilly considered Spectre \"solid if unspectacular\", and gave the film a 7.2 score (out of a possible 10), saying that \"the film falls frustratingly short of greatness.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "No Marriage Ties", "paragraph_text": "No Marriage Ties is a 1933 American pre-Code drama film directed by J. Walter Ruben and written by Arthur Caesar, H.W. Hanemann, Sam Mintz. The film stars Richard Dix, Elizabeth Allan, Doris Kenyon, Alan Dinehart and David Landau. The film was released on August 8, 1933, by RKO Pictures.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Strasbourg European Fantastic Film Festival", "paragraph_text": "The Strasbourg European Fantastic Film Festival (SEFFF) (French: Festival Européen du Film Fantastique de Strasbourg (FEFFS)), is an annual film festival held in Strasbourg, France, that focus on fantasy, science fiction and horror films. The festival takes place annually in September since 2008, it derives from the Spectre Film Festival that was created in 2005 by the organization \"Les Films du Spectre\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Belle of the Nineties", "paragraph_text": "Belle of the Nineties (1934) is Mae West's fourth motion picture, directed by Leo McCarey and released by Paramount Pictures. The film was based on West's original story \"It Ain't No Sin\", which was also to be the film's title until censors objected. Johnny Mack Brown, Duke Ellington, and Katherine DeMille are also in the cast. Shooting commenced on March 19, 1934, and concluded in June. The film was released on September 21, 1934. It had a domestic (U.S.) gross of $2,000,000. As usual with West's films, some scenes were removed for versions to be shown in different states. To be shown in New York, one of the biggest markets, they had to completely re-shoot the final scene. Mae West's character and the Tiger Kid were originally to complete their nuptials without a marriage ceremony; the ceremony had to be included.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "SPECTRE", "paragraph_text": "SPECTRE (SPecial Executive for Counterintelligence, Terrorism, Revenge and Extortion) is a fictional organisation featured in the James Bond novels by Ian Fleming, the films based on those novels, and James Bond video games. Led by evil genius and supervillain Ernst Stavro Blofeld, the international organization first formally appeared in the novel \"Thunderball\" (1961) and in the film \"Dr. No\" (1962). SPECTRE is not aligned to any nation or political ideology, enabling the later Bond books and Bond films to be regarded as somewhat apolitical, though the presence of former Gestapo members in the organisation are a clear sign of Fleming's warning of the Nazi fascists surviving after the Second World War first detailed in the novel \"Moonraker\" (1954). SPECTRE began in the novels as a small group of criminals but became a vast international organisation with its own SPECTRE Island training base in the films, to replace the Soviet SMERSH.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Spectre (2015 film)", "paragraph_text": "Whilst filming in Mexico City, speculation in the media claimed that the script had been altered to accommodate the demands of Mexican authorities—reportedly influencing details of the scene and characters, casting choices, and modifying the script in order to portray the country in a \"positive light\"—in order to secure tax concessions and financial support worth up to $20 million for the film. This was denied by producer Michael G. Wilson, who stated that the scene had always been intended to be shot in Mexico as production had been attracted to the imagery of the Day of the Dead, and that the script had been developed from there. Production of Skyfall had previously faced similar problems while attempting to secure permits to shoot the film's pre-title sequence in India before moving to Istanbul.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Spectre (2015 film)", "paragraph_text": "On 13 March 2015, several members of the cast and crew, including Craig, Whishaw, Wilson and Mendes, as well as previous James Bond actor, Sir Roger Moore, appeared in a sketch written by David Walliams and the Dawson Brothers for Comic Relief's Red Nose Day on BBC One. In the sketch, they film a behind-the-scenes mockumentary on the filming of Spectre. The first teaser trailer for Spectre was released worldwide in March 2015, followed by the theatrical trailer in July and the final trailer in October.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Spectre (2015 film)", "paragraph_text": "During the December 2014 press conference announcing the start of filming, Aston Martin and Eon unveiled the new DB10 as the official car for the film. The DB10 was designed in collaboration between Aston Martin and the filmmakers, with only 10 being produced especially for Spectre as a celebration of the 50th anniversary of the company's association with the franchise. Only eight of those 10 were used for the film, however; the remaining two were used for promotional work. After modifying the Jaguar C-X75 for the film, Williams F1 carried the 007 logo on their cars at the 2015 Mexican Grand Prix, with the team playing host to the cast and crew ahead of the Mexican premiere of the film.To promote the film, the film's marketers continued the trend established during Skyfall's production of releasing still images of clapperboards and video blogs on Eon's official social media accounts. 17 brands appear in the film through product placement, and many of those, such as Heineken, Bollinger, Omega and Sony—owner of the film's co-distributor Columbia Pictures—did Spectre tie-in advertisements.On 13 March 2015, several members of the cast and crew, including Craig, Whishaw, Wilson and Mendes, as well as previous James Bond actor, Sir Roger Moore, appeared in a sketch written by David Walliams and the Dawson Brothers for Comic Relief's Red Nose Day on BBC One. In the sketch, they film a behind-the-scenes mockumentary on the filming of Spectre. The first teaser trailer for Spectre was released worldwide in March 2015, followed by the theatrical trailer in July and the final trailer in October.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Jews", "paragraph_text": "Rates of interreligious marriage vary widely: In the United States, it is just under 50%, in the United Kingdom, around 53%; in France; around 30%, and in Australia and Mexico, as low as 10%. In the United States, only about a third of children from intermarriages affiliate with Jewish religious practice. The result is that most countries in the Diaspora have steady or slightly declining religiously Jewish populations as Jews continue to assimilate into the countries in which they live.[citation needed]", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Serena van der Woodsen", "paragraph_text": "A scene set in the future shows everyone reunited at the Bass - Waldorf residence, witnessing the marriage of Dan and Serena.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 1265, "question": "Where was the pre-title scene in Spectre filmed?", "answer": "Mexico", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 }, { "id": 21126, "question": "What is the rate of interreligious marriage in #1 ?", "answer": "as low as 10%", "paragraph_support_idx": 18 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Republican Party (United States)", "paragraph_text": "The party has won 24 of the last 40 U.S. presidential elections and there have been a total of 19 Republican presidents, the most from any one party. The first was 16th president Abraham Lincoln, who served from 1861 until his assassination in 1865, and the most recent being 45th and current president Donald Trump, who took office on January 20, 2017.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "2020 United States presidential election", "paragraph_text": "The United States presidential election of 2020, scheduled for Tuesday, November 3, 2020, will be the 59th quadrennial U.S. presidential election. Voters will select presidential electors who in turn will either elect a new president and vice president through the electoral college or reelect the incumbents. The series of presidential primary elections and caucuses are likely to be held during the first six months of 2020. This nominating process is also an indirect election, where voters cast ballots selecting a slate of delegates to a political party's nominating convention, who then in turn elect their party's presidential nominee.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "2011 Nicaraguan general election", "paragraph_text": "Presidential and parliamentary elections were held in Nicaragua on 6 November 2011. The incumbent president Daniel Ortega, won a third term in this election, with a landslide victory.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Montana", "paragraph_text": "In presidential elections, Montana was long classified as a swing state, though the state has voted for the Republican candidate in all but two elections from 1952 to the present. The state last supported a Democrat for president in 1992, when Bill Clinton won a plurality victory. Overall, since 1889 the state has voted for Democratic governors 60 percent of the time and Democratic presidents 40 percent of the time, with these numbers being 40/60 for Republican candidates. In the 2008 presidential election, Montana was considered a swing state and was ultimately won by Republican John McCain, albeit by a narrow margin of two percent.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "2000 United States presidential election in Florida", "paragraph_text": "The 2000 United States presidential election in Florida took place on November 7, 2000, as part of the nationwide presidential election. Florida, a swing state, had a major recount dispute that took center stage in the election. The outcome of the 2000 United States presidential election was not known for more than a month after balloting because of the extended process of counting and recounting Florida's presidential ballots. State results tallied on election night gave 246 electoral votes to Republican nominee Texas Governor George W. Bush and 255 to Democratic nominee Vice President Al Gore, with New Mexico (5), Oregon (7), and Florida (25) too close to call that evening. Gore won New Mexico and Oregon over the following few days, but the result in Florida would have been decisive however those two states had voted.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Red", "paragraph_text": "In the United States, political commentators often refer to the \"red states\", which traditionally vote for Republican candidates in presidential elections, and \"blue states\", which vote for the Democratic candidate. This convention is relatively recent: before the 2000 presidential election, media outlets assigned red and blue to both parties, sometimes alternating the allocation for each election. Fixed usage was established during the 39-day recount following the 2000 election, when the media began to discuss the contest in terms of \"red states\" versus \"blue states\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Patriotic Party (Guatemala)", "paragraph_text": "At the legislative elections held on 9 November 2003, the party was part of the Grand National Alliance which won 24.3% of the vote and 47 out of 158 Congressional seats. The presidential candidate of the alliance, Óscar Berger Perdomo, won 34.3% at the presidential elections of the same day. He won 54.1% at the second round and was elected president.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "2008 United States Senate elections", "paragraph_text": "Going into these elections, the Senate consisted of 49 Democrats, 49 Republicans, and two Independents who caucused with the Democrats, giving the Democratic caucus the slightest 51 - 49 majority. Of the seats up for election in 2008, 23 were held by Republicans and 12 by Democrats. The Republicans, who openly conceded early on that they would n't be able to regain the majority in 2008, lost eight seats. This election was the second cycle in a row in which no seats switched from Democratic to Republican. In addition, this was the largest Democratic Senate gain since 1986, when they also won eight seats. These elections marked the first time since 1964 in which a Democratic presidential candidate won the White House with Senate coattails. Finally, 2008 was the first presidential election year since 1948 in which Senate Class 2 saw net gains for the winning presidential candidate's party.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "1796 United States presidential election", "paragraph_text": "The United States presidential election of 1796 was the third quadrennial presidential election. It was held from Friday, November 4 to Wednesday, December 7, 1796. It was the first contested American presidential election, the first presidential election in which political parties played a dominant role, and the only presidential election in which a president and vice president were elected from opposing tickets. Incumbent Vice President John Adams of the Federalist Party defeated former Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson of the Democratic - Republican Party.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "1950 Finnish presidential election", "paragraph_text": "Two-stage presidential elections were held in Finland in 1950, the first time the public had been involved in a presidential election since 1937 as three non-popular elections had taken place in 1940, 1943 and 1946. On 16 and 17 January the public elected presidential electors to an electoral college. They in turn elected the President. The result was a victory for Juho Kusti Paasikivi, who won on the first ballot. The turnout for the popular vote was 63.8%.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "1876 United States presidential election", "paragraph_text": "The United States presidential election of 1876 was the 23rd quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 7, 1876. It was one of the most contentious and controversial presidential elections in American history. The results of the election remain among the most disputed ever, although it is not disputed that Samuel J. Tilden of New York outpolled Ohio's Rutherford B. Hayes in the popular vote. After a first count of votes, Tilden won 184 electoral votes to Hayes's 165, with 20 votes unresolved. These 20 electoral votes were in dispute in four states. In the case of Florida, Louisiana, and South Carolina, each party reported its candidate had won the state, while in Oregon one elector was replaced after being declared illegal for being an ``elected or appointed official ''. The question of who should have been awarded these electoral votes is the source of the continued controversy concerning the results of this election.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "1824 United States presidential election", "paragraph_text": "The United States presidential election of 1824 was the tenth quadrennial presidential election, held from Tuesday, October 26, to Thursday, December 2, 1824. In an election contested by four members of the Democratic - Republican Party, no candidate won a majority of the electoral vote, necessitating a contingent election in the House of Representatives under the provisions of the Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution. On February 9, 1825, the House of Representatives elected John Quincy Adams as president. The 1824 presidential election was the first election in which the winner of the election lost the popular vote.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "2017 French presidential election", "paragraph_text": "The 2017 French presidential election was held on 23 April and 7 May 2017. As no candidate won a majority in the first round on 23 April, a run - off was held between the top two candidates, Emmanuel Macron of En Marche! and Marine Le Pen of the National Front (FN), which Macron won by a decisive margin on 7 May. The presidential election was followed by legislative elections to elect members of the National Assembly on 11 and 18 June. Incumbent president François Hollande of the Socialist Party (PS) was eligible to run for a second term, but declared on 1 December 2016 that he would not seek reelection in light of low approval ratings, making him the first incumbent president of the Fifth Republic not to seek re-election.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "List of third party and independent performances in United States elections", "paragraph_text": "In the 58 presidential elections since 1788, third party or independent candidates have won at least 5.0% of the vote or garnered electoral votes 12 times (21%); this does not count George Washington, who was elected as an independent in 1788 -- 1789 and 1792, but who largely supported Federalist policies and was supported by Federalists. Occasionally, a third party becomes one of the two major parties through a presidential election (the last time it happened was in 1856, when the Republicans supplanted the Whigs, who had withered and endorsed the ticket of the American Party): such an election is called a realigning election, as it causes a realignment in the party system; according to scholars, there have been six party systems so far. Only once one of the two major parties came third in an election, but that did not cause a realignment (in 1912 the Progressive Party surpassed the Republicans, but the party quickly disappeared and the Republicans re-gained their major party status). The last third party candidate to win one or more states was George Wallace of the American Independent Party in 1968, while the most recent third party candidate to win more than 5.0% of the vote was Ross Perot, who ran as an independent and as the standard - bearer of the Reform Party in 1992 and 1996, respectively.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Statue of Liberty", "paragraph_text": "The torch-bearing arm was displayed at the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia in 1876, and in Madison Square Park in Manhattan from 1876 to 1882. Fundraising proved difficult, especially for the Americans, and by 1885 work on the pedestal was threatened by lack of funds. Publisher Joseph Pulitzer, of the New York World, started a drive for donations to finish the project and attracted more than 120,000 contributors, most of whom gave less than a dollar. The statue was built in France, shipped overseas in crates, and assembled on the completed pedestal on what was then called Bedloe's Island. The statue's completion was marked by New York's first ticker-tape parade and a dedication ceremony presided over by President Grover Cleveland.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 15, "title": "2000 United States presidential election", "paragraph_text": "The United States presidential election of 2000 was the 54th quadrennial presidential election. It was held on Tuesday, November 7, 2000. Republican candidate George W. Bush, the Governor of Texas and the eldest son of the 41st President George H.W. Bush, won the election by defeating Democratic nominee Al Gore, the incumbent vice president. It was the fourth of five presidential elections in which the winning candidate lost the popular vote.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "2016 United States presidential election in Michigan", "paragraph_text": "The 2016 United States presidential election in Michigan was won by Donald Trump on November 8, 2016 with 47.50% of the total votes, over Hillary Clinton's 47.27%. All of Michigan's 16 Electoral Votes were assigned to Trump, contributing to his victory in the 2016 United States presidential election.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "2020 United States presidential election", "paragraph_text": "The United States presidential election of 2020, scheduled for Tuesday, November 3, 2020, will be the 59th quadrennial U.S. presidential election. Voters will select presidential electors who in turn will either elect a new president and vice president through the electoral college or re-elect the incumbents. The series of presidential primary elections and caucuses are likely to be held during the first six months of 2020. This nominating process is also an indirect election, where voters cast ballots selecting a slate of delegates to a political party's nominating convention, who then in turn elect their party's presidential nominee.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Republic of the Congo", "paragraph_text": "Sassou also won the following presidential election in July 2009. According to the Congolese Observatory of Human Rights, a non-governmental organization, the election was marked by \"very low\" turnout and \"fraud and irregularities\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "2016 United States presidential election in New Hampshire", "paragraph_text": "The 2016 United States presidential election in New Hampshire was won by Hillary Clinton by a 0.3 percentage point margin, on November 8, 2016, as part of the 2016 General Election. New Hampshire voters chose electors to represent them in the Electoral College by a popular vote.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 161946, "question": "Where was the statue constructed?", "answer": "France", "paragraph_support_idx": 14 }, { "id": 82587, "question": "who won the presidential election in #1 recently", "answer": "Emmanuel Macron", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 } ]

[ "Macron" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Julius Frey", "paragraph_text": "Julius Frey (October 25, 1881 in Stuttgart – August 28, 1960 in Stuttgart) was a German swimmer who competed in the Swimming at the 1900 Summer Olympics.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Shakespeare's Birthplace", "paragraph_text": "Shakespeare's Birthplace is a restored 16th-century half-timbered house situated in Henley Street, Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire, England, where it is believed that William Shakespeare was born in 1564 and spent his childhood years. It is now a small museum open to the public and a popular visitor attraction, owned and managed by the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. It has been referred to as \"a mecca for all lovers of literature\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker (franchise) characters", "paragraph_text": "Roxy Wellard, portrayed by Sophie Borja, made her first appearance on 7 October 2004 in series 4 of The Story of Tracy Beaker during the episode Return to Sender. She departed on 9 December 2005 in series 5 during the episode The Wedding.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Luther W. Graef", "paragraph_text": "Luther W. Graef is the founder of Graef, Anhalt, Schloemer and Associates Inc., former President of American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) and the fourth president of ASCE Foundation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Avicenna", "paragraph_text": "In 1980, the Soviet Union, which then ruled his birthplace Bukhara, celebrated the thousandth anniversary of Avicenna's birth by circulating various commemorative stamps with artistic illustrations, and by erecting a bust of Avicenna based on anthropological research by Soviet scholars.[citation needed] Near his birthplace in Qishlak Afshona, some 25 km (16 mi) north of Bukhara, a training college for medical staff has been named for him.[year needed] On the grounds is a museum dedicated to his life, times and work.[citation needed]", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Standin' on the Corner Park", "paragraph_text": "In September 2016, a statue was unveiled at the park in the likeness of Glenn Frey, who died earlier that year.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Josip Broz Tito", "paragraph_text": "Every year a \"Brotherhood and Unity\" relay race is organized in Montenegro, Macedonia and Serbia which ends at the \"House of Flowers\" in Belgrade on May 25 – the final resting place of Tito. At the same time, runners in Slovenia, Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina set off for Kumrovec, Tito's birthplace in northern Croatia. The relay is a left-over from Yugoslav times, when young people made a similar yearly trek on foot through Yugoslavia that ended in Belgrade with a massive celebration.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Fabian Frei", "paragraph_text": "Fabian Frei (born 8 January 1989) is a Swiss footballer who currently plays as a midfielder for FC Basel. Until June 2011, he played for the Swiss U-21 team. He made his international debut for Swiss senior team on 7 October 2011. He was selected to represent Switzerland at the 2012 Summer Olympics. He is of no relation to former club and country team mate Alexander Frei.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "One of These Nights", "paragraph_text": "Side two No. Title Writer (s) Lead vocals Length 1. ``Lyin 'Eyes ''Henley Frey Glenn Frey 6: 22 2.`` Take It to the Limit'' Henley Frey Meisner Meisner 4: 49 3. ``Visions ''Henley Felder Don Felder with Henley, Meisner, Bernie Leadon, and Frey 3: 58 4.`` After the Thrill is Gone'' Henley Frey Frey and Henley 3: 56 5. ``I Wish You Peace ''B. Leadon Patti Davis Leadon 3: 45", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Sleepless in New York", "paragraph_text": "Sleepless in New York is a 2014 documentary film about heartbreak and how to overcome it by director and producer Christian Frei.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Take It to the Limit (Eagles song)", "paragraph_text": "``Take It to the Limit ''is unique in the canon of the band's singles, being the sole A-side on which Randy Meisner sang lead, as well as the first A-side Eagles single on which neither Henley nor Frey sang lead. It was also the last Eagles single to feature founding member Bernie Leadon before he was replaced by guitarist Joe Walsh. The single version of the song is 3: 48 in length, almost a minute shorter than the album version.`` Take It to the Limit'' is one of few Eagles' tracks written in waltz time. (Other notable waltzes performed by the Eagles are ``Hollywood Waltz ''; the Meisner / Henley / Frey waltz`` Saturday Night'' (co-written with Leadon) from the 1973 Desperado album; Frey's ``Most of Us are Sad ''from their self - titled debut album; Frey / Henley / JD Souther's hard - rocking`` Teenage Jail'' from 1979's ``The Long Run ''album; and Walsh's`` Pretty Maids All in a Row'' on the 1976 album Hotel California.)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Botho Graef", "paragraph_text": "Franz Botho Graef (12 October 1857, Berlin – 9 April 1917, Königstein im Taunus) was a German classical archaeologist and art historian. His father was painter Gustav Graef, and his sister, Sabine Lepsius, was also an artist of some note. Graef taught at the University of Jena from 1904 until 1917.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Take It to the Limit (Eagles song)", "paragraph_text": "The song was written by Eagles' members Randy Meisner, Don Henley and Glenn Frey. Meisner, who sang lead on it, says the song began as his solo composition. As it remained unfinished when time came for the One of These Nights album to be recorded, Henley and Frey assisted Meisner in completing it. Meisner's performance of the song was popular with the audience in Eagles' concerts, but disputes over his reluctance to perform it would also directly lead to Meisner's departure from the band.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Glenn Frey", "paragraph_text": "Glenn Lewis Frey (/ fraɪ /; November 6, 1948 -- January 18, 2016) was an American singer, songwriter and actor, best known as a founding member of the rock band Eagles. Frey was the lead singer and frontman for the Eagles, roles he came to share with fellow member Don Henley, with whom he wrote most of the Eagles' material. Frey played guitar and keyboards as well as singing lead vocals on songs such as ``Take It Easy '',`` Peaceful Easy Feeling'', ``Tequila Sunrise '',`` Already Gone'', ``James Dean '',`` Lyin 'Eyes'', ``New Kid in Town '', and`` Heartache Tonight''.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Glenn Frey", "paragraph_text": "Glenn Lewis Frey (/ fraɪ /; November 6, 1948 -- January 18, 2016) was an American singer, songwriter, actor and founding member of the rock band the Eagles. Frey was the lead singer and frontman for the Eagles, roles he came to share with fellow member Don Henley, with whom he wrote most of the Eagles' material. Frey played guitar and keyboards as well as singing lead vocals on songs such as ``Take It Easy '',`` Peaceful Easy Feeling'', ``Tequila Sunrise '',`` Already Gone'', ``James Dean '',`` Lyin 'Eyes'', ``New Kid in Town '', and`` Heartache Tonight''.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "The Heat Is On (Glenn Frey song)", "paragraph_text": "The music video for the song received heavy MTV airplay. It showed a film editor assembling scenes for Beverly Hills Cop while Frey and a band played the song in the adjacent room, with action scenes from the movie then directly interspersed. Among the musicians shown in the video is saxophone player Beverly Dahlke - Smith (the actual recording being made by session horn player David Woodford) and Frey's long - time drummer, Michael Huey.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Hotel California (Eagles album)", "paragraph_text": "Side two No. Title Writer (s) Lead vocals Length 1. ``Wasted Time (Reprise) ''Henley Frey Jim Ed Norman instrumental 1: 22 2.`` Victim of Love'' Henley Frey Felder Souther Henley 4: 11 3. ``Pretty Maids All in a Row ''Walsh Joe Vitale Joe Walsh 4: 05 4.`` Try and Love Again'' Randy Meisner Randy Meisner 5: 10 5. ``The Last Resort ''Henley Frey Henley 7: 25", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Communication", "paragraph_text": "The first major model for communication was introduced by Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver for Bell Laboratories in 1949 The original model was designed to mirror the functioning of radio and telephone technologies. Their initial model consisted of three primary parts: sender, channel, and receiver. The sender was the part of a telephone a person spoke into, the channel was the telephone itself, and the receiver was the part of the phone where one could hear the other person. Shannon and Weaver also recognized that often there is static that interferes with one listening to a telephone conversation, which they deemed noise.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Sender Freies Berlin", "paragraph_text": "Sender Freies Berlin (SFB) () was the ARD public radio and television service for West Berlin from 1 June 1954 until 1990 and for Berlin as a whole from German reunification until 30 April 2003. On 1 May 2003 it merged with Ostdeutscher Rundfunk Brandenburg to form \"Rundfunk Berlin-Brandenburg\".", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Sami Frey", "paragraph_text": "Sami Frey (born Samuel Frei; 13 October 1937) is a French actor of Polish Jewish descent. Among the films he starred in are \"En compagnie d'Antonin Artaud\" (1993), in which he portrays French poet and playwright Antonin Artaud, and \"Bande à part\" (1964) by Jean-Luc Godard.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 144381, "question": "What is Botho Graef's birthplace?", "answer": "Berlin", "paragraph_support_idx": 11 }, { "id": 120510, "question": "What year did Sender Freies #1 end?", "answer": "30 April 2003", "paragraph_support_idx": 18 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "1989 Copa América", "paragraph_text": "The Copa América 1989 football tournament was hosted by Brazil, from 1 to 16 July. All ten CONMEBOL member nations participated.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Canadian Open (tennis)", "paragraph_text": "The events alternate from year to year between the cities of Montreal and Toronto. Since 1980 in odd - numbered years the men's tournament is held in Montreal, while the women's tournament is held in Toronto, and vice versa in even - numbered years. Before 2011, they were held during separate weeks in the July -- August period, now the two competitions are held during the same week in August. The Toronto tournament is held at the Aviva Centre and the Montreal tournament is held at the IGA Stadium.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "2022 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2022 FIFA World Cup is scheduled to be the 22nd edition of the FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international men's football championship contested by the national teams of the member associations of FIFA. It is scheduled to take place in Qatar in 2022. This will be the first World Cup ever to be held in the Arab world and the first in a Muslim - majority country. This will be the first World Cup held entirely in Asia since the 2002 tournament in South Korea and Japan (the 2018 competition in Russia featured one Asian venue, Yekaterinburg). In addition the tournament will be the last to involve 32 teams, with an increase to 48 teams scheduled for the 2026 tournament.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "1996 Masters Tournament", "paragraph_text": "The 1996 Masters Tournament was the 60th Masters Tournament, held April 11–14 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Lebak Bulus Stadium", "paragraph_text": "Lebak Bulus Stadium was a multi-purpose stadium in Jakarta, Indonesia. The stadium had 12,000 seats and can be extended to 15,000 until 25,000 people. It was used mostly for football matches. The stadium held AFC U-17 Championship 2008 Qualification Group F Matches and Football Men's Tournament at the 2011 SEA Games Group B Matches.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "2022 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2022 FIFA World Cup is scheduled to be the 22nd edition of the FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international men's football championship contested by the national teams of the member associations of FIFA. It is scheduled to take place in Qatar in 2022. This will be the first World Cup ever to be held in the Arab world and the first in a Muslim - majority country. This will be the first World Cup held entirely in geographical Asia since the 2002 tournament in South Korea and Japan (the 2018 competition in Russia featured one geographically Asian venue, Yekaterinburg). In addition the tournament will be the last to involve 32 teams, with an increase to 48 teams scheduled for the 2026 tournament.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "1936 Masters Tournament", "paragraph_text": "The 1936 Masters Tournament was the third Masters Tournament, held April 3–6 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "1988 AFC Asian Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 1988 AFC Asian Cup was the 9th edition of the men's AFC Asian Cup, a quadrennial international football tournament organised by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC). The finals were held in Qatar between 2 December and 18 December 1988. Saudi Arabia defeated Republic of Korea in the final match in Doha.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "2013 Africa Cup of Nations", "paragraph_text": "The 2013 Africa Cup of Nations, also known as the Orange Africa Cup of Nations South Africa 2013 for sponsorship reasons, held from 19 January to 10 February 2013, was the 29th Africa Cup of Nations, the football championship of Africa organized by the Confederation of African Football (CAF). Starting from this edition, the tournament was switched to being held in odd-numbered years instead of even-numbered years so that it does not clash with the FIFA World Cup.South Africa hosted the tournament for the second time, after previously hosting the 1996 African Cup of Nations. The 2013 tournament is the highest attended edition of the Africa Cup of Nations under the current, 16-team format. The South African team was eliminated in the quarter-finals by Mali, following a penalty shoot-out. Zambia were the defending champions, but were eliminated in the group stage.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "England at the FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The England national football team has competed at the FIFA World Cup since 1950. The FIFA World Cup is the premier competitive international football tournament, first played in 1930, whose finals stage has been held every four years since, except 1942 and 1946, due to the Second World War.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "2022 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2022 FIFA World Cup is scheduled to be the 22nd edition of the FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international men's football championship contested by the national teams of the member associations of FIFA. It is scheduled to take place in Qatar in 2022. This will be the first World Cup held in Asia since the 2002 tournament in South Korea and Japan. This will also be the first World Cup ever to be held in the Middle East, and in an Arab and a Muslim - majority country. This tournament will be the last to involve 32 teams, with an increase to 48 teams scheduled from the 2026 tournament.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "1995 Rugby League World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 1995 Rugby League World Cup was held during October in the United Kingdom. It was the eleventh staging of the Rugby League World Cup and was marketed as the Halifax Centenary World Cup, reflecting the tournament's sponsorship and the fact that 1995 marked the centenary of the sport. Envisaged as a celebration of rugby league football, the size of the competition was doubled, with four additional teams invited and Great Britain split into England and Wales (Scotland and Ireland took part in the Emerging Nations Tournament that was held alongside the World Cup.)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "2019 Copa América", "paragraph_text": "The 2019 Copa América will be the 46th edition of the Copa América, the quadrennial international men's football championship organized by South America's football ruling body CONMEBOL. It will be held in Brazil. The winner of the tournament will earn the right to compete for the 2021 FIFA Confederations Cup. Chile will be the defending champions.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "2022 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2022 FIFA World Cup is scheduled to be the 22nd edition of the FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international men's football championship contested by the national teams of the member associations of FIFA. It is scheduled to take place in Qatar in 2022. This will be the first World Cup ever to be held in the Arab world and the first in a Muslim - majority country. This will be the first World Cup held entirely in geographical Asia since the 2002 tournament in South Korea and Japan (the 2018 competition in Russia featured one geographically Asian venue, Yekaterinburg). In addition the tournament will be the last to involve 32 teams, with an increase to 48 teams scheduled for the 2026 tournament. The reigning World Cup champions are France.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "FIFA Women's World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The FIFA Women's World Cup is an international football competition contested by the senior women's national teams of the members of Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), the sport's global governing body. The competition has been held every four years since 1991, when the inaugural tournament, then called the FIFA Women's World Championship, was held in China.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "2012 Six-red World Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 2012 Six-red World Championship (often styled the 2012 SangSom 6-red World Championship for sponsorship and marketing purposes) was a six-red snooker tournament held between 2 and 7 July 2012 at the Montien Riverside Hotel in Bangkok, Thailand. The highest break of the tournament was 75, compiled by both Judd Trump and Shaun Murphy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup squads", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 FIFA World Cup was an international football tournament held in Russia from 14 June to 15 July 2018. The 32 national teams involved in the tournament were required to register a squad of 23 players, including three goalkeepers. Only players in these squads were eligible to take part in the tournament.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "2022 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2022 FIFA World Cup is scheduled to be the 22nd edition of the FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international men's football championship contested by the national teams of the member associations of FIFA. It is scheduled to take place in Qatar in 2022. This will be the first World Cup held in Asia since 2002 and also this will be the first World Cup ever to be held in the Middle East, and in an Arab and a majority - Muslim country. This tournament will be the last to involve 32 teams, with an increase to 48 teams scheduled from the 2026 tournament.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The FIFA World Cup, often simply called the World Cup, is an international association football competition contested by the senior men's national teams of the members of the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), the sport's global governing body. The championship has been awarded every four years since the inaugural tournament in 1930, except in 1942 and 1946 when it was not held because of the Second World War. The current champion is France, which won its second title at the 2018 tournament in Russia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "National Football League", "paragraph_text": "The National Football League (NFL) is a professional American football league consisting of 32 teams, divided equally between the National Football Conference (NFC) and the American Football Conference (AFC). The NFL is one of the four major professional sports leagues in North America, and the highest professional level of American football in the world. The NFL's 17 - week regular season runs from early September to late December, with each team playing 16 games and having one bye week. Following the conclusion of the regular season, six teams from each conference (four division winners and two wild card teams) advance to the playoffs, a single - elimination tournament culminating in the Super Bowl, which is usually held in the first Sunday in February, and is played between the champions of the NFC and AFC.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 159915, "question": "Where was the football tournament held?", "answer": "Brazil,", "paragraph_support_idx": 0 }, { "id": 25092, "question": "What is the highest court in #1 ?", "answer": "Supreme Federal Tribunal (Supremo Tribunal Federal)", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Paul G. Socken", "paragraph_text": "Paul G. Socken (born 1945) is a professor emeritus at the University of Waterloo in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada and a leading scholar on the work of French-Canadian author Gabrielle Roy. He is also the founder of the department of Jewish Studies at the University of Waterloo.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Waterloo Library", "paragraph_text": "Waterloo Library, also known as the Waterloo Library and Historical Society, is a historic library building located at Waterloo in Seneca County, New York. The second story of the two-story frame structure contains a small theater.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Early modern Europe", "paragraph_text": "Early modern Europe is the period of European history between the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, roughly the late 15th century to the late 18th century. Historians variously mark the beginning of the early modern period with the invention of moveable type printing in the 1450s, the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, the end of the Wars of the Roses in 1487, the beginning of the High Renaissance in Italy in the 1490s, the end of the Reconquista and subsequent voyages of Christopher Columbus to the Americas in 1492, or the start of the Protestant Reformation in 1517. The precise dates of its end point also vary and are usually linked with either the start of the French Revolution in 1789 or with the more vaguely defined beginning of the Industrial Revolution in late 18th century England.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Uncle Earl discography", "paragraph_text": "The following is the discography of Uncle Earl, an American folk band. The group has released two EPs and two albums, including 2004's \"Going to the Western Slope EP\" and \"Raise a Ruckus EP\", 2005's \"She Waits for Night\" album on Rounder Records, and 2007's \"Waterloo, TN\" album also on Rounder Records.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Industrial Revolution", "paragraph_text": "The precise start and end of the Industrial Revolution is still debated among historians, as is the pace of economic and social changes. Eric Hobsbawm held that the Industrial Revolution began in Britain in the 1780s and was not fully felt until the 1830s or 1840s, while T.S. Ashton held that it occurred roughly between 1760 and 1830. Rapid industrialization first began in Britain, starting with mechanized spinning in the 1780s, with high rates of growth in steam power and iron production occurring after 1800. Mechanized textile production spread from Great Britain to continental Europe and the United States in the early 19th century, with important centres of textiles, iron and coal emerging in Belgium and the United States and later textiles in France.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Industrial Revolution", "paragraph_text": "The earliest recorded use of the term ``Industrial Revolution ''seems to have been in a letter from 6 July 1799 written by French envoy Louis - Guillaume Otto, announcing that France had entered the race to industrialise. In his 1976 book Keywords: A Vocabulary of Culture and Society, Raymond Williams states in the entry for`` Industry'': ``The idea of a new social order based on major industrial change was clear in Southey and Owen, between 1811 and 1818, and was implicit as early as Blake in the early 1790s and Wordsworth at the turn of the (19th) century. ''The term Industrial Revolution applied to technological change was becoming more common by the late 1830s, as in Jérôme - Adolphe Blanqui's description in 1837 of la révolution industrielle. Friedrich Engels in The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844 spoke of`` an industrial revolution, a revolution which at the same time changed the whole of civil society''. However, although Engels wrote in the 1840s, his book was not translated into English until the late 1800s, and his expression did not enter everyday language until then. Credit for popularising the term may be given to Arnold Toynbee, whose 1881 lectures gave a detailed account of the term.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "British Empire", "paragraph_text": "The Suez Crisis very publicly exposed Britain's limitations to the world and confirmed Britain's decline on the world stage, demonstrating that henceforth it could no longer act without at least the acquiescence, if not the full support, of the United States. The events at Suez wounded British national pride, leading one MP to describe it as \"Britain's Waterloo\" and another to suggest that the country had become an \"American satellite\". Margaret Thatcher later described the mindset she believed had befallen the British political establishment as \"Suez syndrome\", from which Britain did not recover until the successful recapture of the Falkland Islands from Argentina in 1982.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Paul Mantoux", "paragraph_text": "Paul Mantoux (14 April 1877 – 14 December 1956) was a historian and has written about the industrial revolution in Great Britain.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Agriculture in Venezuela", "paragraph_text": "Agriculture in Venezuela has a much smaller share of the economy than in any other Latin American country. After the discovery of oil in Venezuela in the early 20th century to the 1940s, agriculture has declined rapidly, and with the beginning of large-scale industrial development in the 1940s, agriculture and land reform was largely neglected by successive governments (although a 1960 land reform law did see 200,000 families receive land, largely in the early 1960s). Since 1999, under the Bolivarian Revolution of President Hugo Chávez, agriculture has had a somewhat higher priority. Agriculture in Venezuela accounts for approximately 3% of GDP, 10% of the labor force, and at least a quarter of Venezuela's land area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "The Day of the Locust", "paragraph_text": "Tod Hackett is the novel's protagonist. He moves from the east coast to Hollywood, California in search of inspiration for his next painting. The novel is set in the 1930s during the Great Depression. Most of the characters exist at the fringes of the Hollywood film industry, but Hollywood is merely the backdrop for Tod Hackett's revelation. Tod is employed by a Hollywood studio ``to learn set and costume designing. ''During his spare time, Tod sketches scenes he observes on large production sets and studio back lots. The novel details Tod's observation of the filming of the Battle of Waterloo. His goal is to find inspiration for the picture he is getting ready to begin, a work titled`` The Burning of Los Angeles.''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Industrial Revolution", "paragraph_text": "The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain, and many of the technological innovations were British. By the mid-18th century Britain controlled a global trading empire with colonies in North America and Africa, and with some political influence on the Indian subcontinent, through the activities of the East India Company. The development of trade and the rise of business were major causes of the Industrial Revolution.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Textile manufacture during the British Industrial Revolution", "paragraph_text": "Textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolution in Britain was centred in south Lancashire and the towns on both sides of the Pennines. In Germany it was concentrated in the Wupper Valley, Ruhr Region and Upper Silesia, while in the United States it was in New England. The four key drivers of the Industrial Revolution were textile manufacturing, iron founding, steam power and cheap labour.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "University of Waterloo", "paragraph_text": "The University of Waterloo (commonly referred to as Waterloo, UW, or UWaterloo) is a public research university with a main campus in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. The main campus is on of land adjacent to \"Uptown\" Waterloo and Waterloo Park. The university offers academic programs administered by six faculties and ten faculty-based schools. The university also operates three satellite campuses and four affiliated university colleges. Waterloo is a member of the U15, a group of research-intensive universities in Canada. The University of Waterloo is most famous for its cooperative education (co-op) programs, which allow the students to integrate their education with applicable work experiences. The university operates the largest post-secondary co-operative education program in the world, with over 20,000 undergraduate students in over 140 co-operative education programs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Modern history", "paragraph_text": "The assertions of Chinese philosophy began to integrate concepts of Western philosophy, as steps toward modernization. By the time of the Xinhai Revolution in 1911, there were many calls, such as the May Fourth Movement, to completely abolish the old imperial institutions and practices of China. There were attempts to incorporate democracy, republicanism, and industrialism into Chinese philosophy, notably by Sun Yat-Sen (Sūn yì xiān, in one Mandarin form of the name) at the beginning of the 20th century. Mao Zedong (Máo zé dōng) added Marxist-Leninist thought. When the Communist Party of China took over power, previous schools of thought, excepting notably Legalism, were denounced as backward, and later even purged during the Cultural Revolution.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Waterloo-Oxford District Secondary School", "paragraph_text": "Waterloo-Oxford District Secondary School is a high school just outside Baden, Ontario, Canada operated by the Waterloo Region District School Board. It opened in 1955 and is one of two rural high schools in Waterloo Region, the other being Elmira District Secondary School. W-O serves a student population of 1,244 (2005–06), primarily from Waterloo Region, Oxford County, and Perth County. Its mascot is \"Chubby\" the crusader, with school colours of green and white.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Economic history of Germany", "paragraph_text": "From the 1830s and 1840s, Prussia, Saxony, and other states reorganized agriculture, introducing sugar beets, turnips, and potatoes, yielding a higher level of food production that enabled a surplus rural population to move to industrial areas. The beginning of the industrial revolution in Germany came in the textile industry, and was facilitated by eliminating tariff barriers through the Zollverein, starting in 1834. The takeoff stage of economic development came with the railroad revolution in the 1840s, which opened up new markets for local products, created a pool of middle managers, increased the demand for engineers, architects and skilled machinists, and stimulated investments in coal and iron. The political decisions about the economy of Prussia (and after 1871, all of Germany) were largely controlled by a coalition of ``rye and iron '', that is the Junker landowners of the east and the heavy industry of the west.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "The Wealth of Nations", "paragraph_text": "An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, generally referred to by its shortened title The Wealth of Nations, is the magnum opus of the Scottish economist and moral philosopher Adam Smith. First published in 1776, the book offers one of the world's first collected descriptions of what builds nations' wealth, and is today a fundamental work in classical economics. By reflecting upon the economics at the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, the book touches upon such broad topics as the division of labour, productivity, and free markets.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Green Revolution in India", "paragraph_text": "The Green Revolution in India refers to a period of time when agriculture in India changed to an industrial system due to the adoption of modern methods and technology such as high yielding variety (HYV) seeds, tractors, pump sets, etc. Green revolution was started by Dr. M.S. Swaminathan. The key leadership role played by the Indian agricultural scientist Vehla Swaminathan Banda together with many others including GS Kalkat, earned him the popularly used title 'Father of Green Revolution of India'. The Green Revolution allowed developing countries, like India, to try to overcome poor agricultural productivity. Within India, this started in the early 1960s and led to an increase in food grain production, especially in Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh during the early phase. The main development was higher - yielding varieties of wheat, for developing rust resistant strains of wheat.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Allegory of Waterloo", "paragraph_text": "Allegory of Waterloo, also known as Triumph of the Duke of Wellington or the Triumph of Great Britain after the Battle of Waterloo, was a monumental painting by British artist James Ward, completed in 1821, and now lost.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Modern history", "paragraph_text": "The creation of a modern industrial economy took place. With the creation of a transportation and communication infrastructure, the corporation became the dominant form of business organization and a managerial revolution transformed business operations. In 1890, Congress passed the Sherman Antitrust Act—the source of all American anti-monopoly laws. The law forbade every contract, scheme, deal, or conspiracy to restrain trade, though the phrase \"restraint of trade\" remained subjective. By the beginning of the 20th century, per capita income and industrial production in the United States exceeded that of any other country except Britain. Long hours and hazardous working conditions led many workers to attempt to form labor unions despite strong opposition from industrialists and the courts. But the courts did protect the marketplace, declaring the Standard Oil group to be an \"unreasonable\" monopoly under the Sherman Antitrust Act in 1911. It ordered Standard to break up into 34 independent companies with different boards of directors.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 75066, "question": "where did the industrial revolution begin what country", "answer": "Britain", "paragraph_support_idx": 4 }, { "id": 20655, "question": "Where did '#1 's Waterloo' occur?", "answer": "Suez", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Sudbury Airport", "paragraph_text": "Sudbury Airport or Greater Sudbury Airport, , is an airport in the Canadian city of Greater Sudbury, Ontario and is located northeast of the downtown area, on Municipal Road 86 between the communities of Garson and Skead. Although in many contexts the airport uses the name Greater Sudbury Airport, its official name, as registered with Transport Canada and printed in all aeronautical publications, is still simply Sudbury Airport.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Sarajevo", "paragraph_text": "The last official Yugoslav census took place 1991 and recorded 527,049 people living in the city of Sarajevo (ten municipalities). In the settlement of Sarajevo proper, there were 416,497 inhabitants. The war displaced hundreds of thousands of people, a large majority of whom have not returned.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Cadaqués", "paragraph_text": "Cadaqués () is a town in the Alt Empordà \"comarca\", in the province of Girona, Catalonia, Spain. It is on a bay in the middle of the Cap de Creus peninsula, near Cap de Creus cape, on the Costa Brava of the Mediterranean. It is two-and-a-quarter-hour drive from Barcelona, and thus it is accessible not only to tourists but also to people who want a second home for weekends and summers. In 2002, Cadaqués had an official population of 2,612, but up to ten times as many people can live in the town during the peak of the summer tourism season.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Chinese Taipei at the 2016 Summer Olympics", "paragraph_text": "Chinese Taipei competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 5 to 21 August 2016. \"Chinese Taipei\" is the designated name used by Taiwan to participate in some international organizations and almost all sporting events, including the Olympic Games. Neither the common name \"Taiwan\" nor the official name \"Republic of China\" would be used due primarily to opposition from the People's Republic of China. This was also the nation's ninth consecutive appearance at the Summer Olympics.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Niobium", "paragraph_text": "Columbium (symbol \"Cb\") was the name originally bestowed by Hatchett upon his discovery of the metal in 1801. The name reflected that the type specimen of the ore came from America (Columbia). This name remained in use in American journals—the last paper published by American Chemical Society with columbium in its title dates from 1953—while niobium was used in Europe. To end this confusion, the name niobium was chosen for element 41 at the 15th Conference of the Union of Chemistry in Amsterdam in 1949. A year later this name was officially adopted by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) after 100 years of controversy, despite the chronological precedence of the name columbium. This was a compromise of sorts; the IUPAC accepted tungsten instead of wolfram in deference to North American usage; and niobium instead of columbium in deference to European usage. While many US chemical societies and government organizations typically use the official IUPAC name, some metallurgists and metal societies still use the original American name, \"columbium\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Taller de Gráfica Popular", "paragraph_text": "The Taller de Gráfica Popular (Spanish: \"People's Graphic Workshop\") is an artist's print collective founded in Mexico in 1937 by artists Leopoldo Méndez, Pablo O'Higgins, and Luis Arenal. The collective was primarily concerned with using art to advance revolutionary social causes. The print shop became a base of political activity and abundant artistic output, and attracted many foreign artists as collaborators.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay", "paragraph_text": "China: The torch returned to China for the first time since April. The torch arrived in Sanya, Hainan on May 4 with celebrations attended by International Olympic Committee (IOC) officials and Chinese big names like Jackie Chan. The entire relay through Mainland China was largely a success with many people welcoming the arrival of the torch along the way.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Indigenous peoples of the Americas", "paragraph_text": "Application of the term \"Indian\" originated with Christopher Columbus, who, in his search for Asia, thought that he had arrived in the East Indies. The Americas came to be known as the \"West Indies\", a name still used to refer to the islands of the Caribbean Sea. This led to the names \"Indies\" and \"Indian\", which implied some kind of racial or cultural unity among the aboriginal peoples of the Americas. This unifying concept, codified in law, religion, and politics, was not originally accepted by indigenous peoples but has been embraced by many over the last two centuries.[citation needed] Even though the term \"Indian\" does not include the Aleuts, Inuit, or Yupik peoples, these groups are considered indigenous peoples of the Americas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "KwaDukuza", "paragraph_text": "KwaDukuza (also known as Stanger) is a town in KwaZulu - Natal, South Africa. In 2006, its official name was changed from Stanger to KwaDukuza; however Zulu people in the area called it ``Dukuza ''well before this date, and many white South Africans continue to use`` Stanger'' today (see name, below). ``Stanger ''has been used on new road signs in the area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Kampuchean People's Representative Assembly", "paragraph_text": "The Kampuchean People's Representative Assembly () was the official name of the unicameral legislature of Cambodia during the Democratic Kampuchea period. It was established as the official legislature of Kampuchea on January 5, 1976, consisting of 250 members.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Iran", "paragraph_text": "In 1935, Reza Shah requested the international community to refer to the country by its native name, Iran. As the New York Times explained at the time, \"At the suggestion of the Persian Legation in Berlin, the Tehran government, on the Persian New Year, Nowruz, March 21, 1935, substituted Iran for Persia as the official name of the country.\" Opposition to the name change led to the reversal of the decision, and Professor Ehsan Yarshater, editor of Encyclopædia Iranica, propagated a move to use Persia and Iran interchangeably. Today, both Persia and Iran are used in cultural contexts; although, Iran is the name used officially in political contexts.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Politics of India", "paragraph_text": "There are two types of political parties in India - National Party and Regional / State party. Every political party must bear a symbol and must be registered with the Election Commission of India. Symbols are used in Indian political system as an identity of political parties and so that illiterate people can also vote by recognizing symbols of party.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Typhoon Haiyan", "paragraph_text": "The typhoon caused catastrophic destruction in the Visayas, particularly on Samar and Leyte. According to UN officials, about 11 million people were affected and many were left homeless.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Chennai", "paragraph_text": "After India gained its independence in 1947, the city became the capital of Madras State, which was renamed as Tamil Nadu in 1969. The violent agitations of 1965 against the compulsory imposition of Hindi and in support of English in India in the state marked a major shift in the political dynamics of the city and eventually it had a big impact on the whole state. Because of Madras and its people, English now exists in India, otherwise Hindi might have been made the sole official language in India. On 17 July 1996, the city known as Madras was officially renamed Chennai, in line with what was then a nationwide trend to using less Anglicised names. On 26 December 2004, an Indian Ocean tsunami lashed the shores of Chennai, killing 206 people in Chennai and permanently altering the coastline. The 2015 Chennai Floods submerged major portions of the city, killing 269 people and resulting in damages of ₹86.4 billion (US $1 billion).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Iran", "paragraph_text": "Iran (/aɪˈræn/ or i/ɪˈrɑːn/; Persian: Irān – ایران‎‎ [ʔiːˈɾɒːn] ( listen)), also known as Persia (/ˈpɜːrʒə/ or /ˈpɜːrʃə/), officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (جمهوری اسلامی ایران – Jomhuri ye Eslāmi ye Irān [d͡ʒomhuːˌɾije eslɒːˌmije ʔiːˈɾɒːn]), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. It is bordered to the northwest by Armenia, the de facto Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, and Azerbaijan; to the north by Kazakhstan and Russia across the Caspian Sea; to the northeast by Turkmenistan; to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan; to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman; and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. Comprising a land area of 1,648,195 km2 (636,372 sq mi), it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 18th-largest in the world. With 78.4 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 17th-most-populous country. It is the only country that has both a Caspian Sea and an Indian Ocean coastline. Iran has long been of geostrategic importance because of its central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Greece", "paragraph_text": "The names for the nation of Greece and the Greek people differ from the names used in other languages, locations and cultures. Although the Greeks call the country Hellas or Ellada (Greek: Ἑλλάς or Ελλάδα) and its official name is the Hellenic Republic, in English it is referred to as Greece, which comes from the Latin term Graecia as used by the Romans, which literally means 'the land of the Greeks', and derives from the Greek name Γραικός. However, the name Hellas is sometimes used in English as well.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Oklahoma", "paragraph_text": "The name Oklahoma comes from the Choctaw phrase okla humma, literally meaning red people. Choctaw Chief Allen Wright suggested the name in 1866 during treaty negotiations with the federal government regarding the use of Indian Territory, in which he envisioned an all-Indian state controlled by the United States Superintendent of Indian Affairs. Equivalent to the English word Indian, okla humma was a phrase in the Choctaw language used to describe Native American people as a whole. Oklahoma later became the de facto name for Oklahoma Territory, and it was officially approved in 1890, two years after the area was opened to white settlers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Mexico City", "paragraph_text": "The city is colloquially known as Chilangolandia after the locals' nickname chilangos. Chilango is used pejoratively by people living outside Mexico City to \"connote a loud, arrogant, ill-mannered, loutish person\". For their part those living in Mexico City designate insultingly those who live elsewhere as living in la provincia (\"the provinces\", the periphery) and many proudly embrace the term chilango. Residents of Mexico City are more recently called defeños (deriving from the postal abbreviation of the Federal District in Spanish: D.F., which is read \"De-Efe\"). They are formally called capitalinos (in reference to the city being the capital of the country), but \"[p]erhaps because capitalino is the more polite, specific, and correct word, it is almost never utilized\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Elections in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Elections in the United States are held for government officials at the federal, state, and local levels. At the federal level, the nation's head of state, the President, is elected indirectly by the people of each state, through an Electoral College. Today, these electors almost always vote with the popular vote of their state. All members of the federal legislature, the Congress, are directly elected by the people of each state. There are many elected offices at state level, each state having at least an elective Governor and legislature. There are also elected offices at the local level, in counties, cities, towns, townships, boroughs, and villages. According to a study by political scientist Jennifer Lawless, there were 519,682 elected officials in the United States as of 2012.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Indigenous peoples of the Americas", "paragraph_text": "The Native American name controversy is an ongoing dispute over the acceptable ways to refer to the indigenous peoples of the Americas and to broad subsets thereof, such as those living in a specific country or sharing certain cultural attributes. When discussing broader subsets of peoples, naming may be based on shared language, region, or historical relationship. Many English exonyms have been used to refer to the indigenous peoples of the Americas. Some of these names were based on foreign-language terms used by earlier explorers and colonists, while others resulted from the colonists' attempt to translate endonyms from the native language into their own, and yet others were pejorative terms arising out of prejudice and fear, during periods of conflict.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 35190, "question": "Which name is officially used politically?", "answer": "Iran", "paragraph_support_idx": 10 }, { "id": 35168, "question": "How many people live in #1 ?", "answer": "78.4 million", "paragraph_support_idx": 14 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "NCH Healthcare System", "paragraph_text": "The NCH Healthcare System is a not-for-profit, multi-facility healthcare system located in Naples, Florida, United States. The anchor of the system is the two hospitals (referred to as the NCH Healthcare System – Downtown Naples Hospital Campus, and the NCH Healthcare System – North Naples Hospital Campus) with a total of 681 beds. The system operates walk-in centers and outpatient rehabilitation facilities in Naples, North Naples, Marco Island, and Bonita Springs. Naples Diagnostic Imaging Center is an affiliate of the system. The system had 32,746 admissions, 89,189 Emergency department visits, 4,291 births, 477 open heart surgeries, 9,493 wellness members, 566 community physicians, and 3,200 employee colleagues.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Surgeon General of the United States", "paragraph_text": "In 1798, Congress established the Marine Hospital Fund, a network of hospitals that cared for sick and disabled seamen. The Marine Hospital Fund was reorganized along military lines in 1870 and became the Marine Hospital Service -- predecessor to today's United States Public Health Service. The service became a separate bureau of the Treasury Department with its own staff, administration, headquarters in Washington, D.C, and the position of Supervising Surgeon (later Surgeon General).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "The Return of a Man Called Horse", "paragraph_text": "The Return of a Man Called Horse is a 1976 American-Mexican western film directed by Irvin Kershner involving a conflict over territory between Sioux Indians and white men. It is the sequel to \"A Man Called Horse\" and it was followed by \"Triumphs of a Man Called Horse\" in 1983.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "David S. Guzick", "paragraph_text": "David S. Guzick on July 1, 2018 stepped down from his roles as Senior Vice President for Health Affairs at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida and as President of UF Health. In this dual role, Dr. Guzick had responsibility for six University of Florida (UF) colleges that constitute the Health Science Center (the Colleges of Dentistry, Medicine, Nursing, Pharmacy, Public Health and Health Professions, and Veterinary Medicine), and also for the collaboration between these colleges and Shands HealthCare, which operates hospital systems in both Gainesville and Jacksonville, Florida. In this regard, Dr. Guzick served as Chair of the Board of both UF Health Shands Hospital in Gainesville and UF Health-Jacksonville. Dr. Guzick was responsible for the educational, research and academic missions of the UF Health, which in total includes approximately 1400 faculty members, 22,000 employees and an annual budget of $2.8 billion. During Dr. Guzick's tenure the University of Florida Health Science Center saw unprecedented growth.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Triumph Rocket III", "paragraph_text": "The Triumph Rocket III is a three-cylinder motorcycle made by Triumph Motorcycles Ltd. At it has the largest-displacement engine of any production motorcycle.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Greece", "paragraph_text": "Greece has universal health care. In a 2000 World Health Organization report, its health care system ranked 14th in overall performance of 191 countries surveyed. In a 2013 Save the Children report, Greece was ranked the 19th best country (out of 176 countries surveyed) for the state of mothers and newborn babies. In 2010, there were 138 hospitals with 31,000 beds in the country, but on 1 July 2011, the Ministry for Health and Social Solidarity announced its plans to decrease the number to 77 hospitals with 36,035 beds, as a necessary reform to reduce expenses and further enhance healthcare standards.[disputed – discuss] Greece's healthcare expenditures as a percentage of GDP were 9.6% in 2007 according to a 2011 OECD report, just above the OECD average of 9.5%. The country has the largest number of doctors-to-population ratio of any OECD country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Imperial College London", "paragraph_text": "Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust was formed on 1 October 2007 by the merger of Hammersmith Hospitals NHS Trust (Charing Cross Hospital, Hammersmith Hospital and Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital) and St Mary's NHS Trust (St. Mary's Hospital and Western Eye Hospital) with Imperial College London Faculty of Medicine. It is an academic health science centre and manages five hospitals: Charing Cross Hospital, Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital, Hammersmith Hospital, St Mary's Hospital, and Western Eye Hospital. The Trust is currently the largest in the UK and has an annual turnover of £800 million, treating more than a million patients a year.[citation needed]", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Edinburgh", "paragraph_text": "The Royal Hospital for Sick Children is a hospital in Edinburgh, Scotland, specialising in paediatric healthcare. Locally, it is commonly referred to simply as the \"Sick Kids\". The hospital provides care for children from birth to around 13 years of age, including a specialist Accident and Emergency facility. The hospital is located on Sciennes Road in the Sciennes area of Edinburgh's South Side. It is managed by NHS Lothian.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Dunbar Hospital", "paragraph_text": "The Dunbar Hospital was the first hospital for the black community in Detroit, Michigan. It is located at 580 Frederick Street, and is currently the administrative headquarters of the Detroit Medical Society. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "List of hospitals in Romania", "paragraph_text": "The list below is a database that contains hospitals in Romania. All public hospitals receive funding from the Ministry of Health. Romania has a universal healthcare system, hence all public hospitals are charge-free and available to each citizen of the European Union. There are 425 operational hospitals across the country. At the moment, there are 6.2 hospital beds available per 1000 citizens.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "OSF Saint Francis Medical Center", "paragraph_text": "OSF Saint Francis Medical Center, located in Peoria, Illinois, United States, is a teaching hospital for the University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria and part of the OSF Healthcare System. The Center, which is the largest hospital in the Peoria metropolitan area and in central Illinois, is designated by the state of Illinois as the Level I adult and pediatric regional trauma center for a 26-county region in mid-Illinois. OSF Saint Francis owns the Children's Hospital of Illinois (though the Hospital has its own President), the OSF Saint Francis Heart Hospital, the Illinois Neurological Institute, and the OSF Saint Francis Medical Center College of Nursing, which are all located either in or near the Medical Center. The hospital is a clinical training hospital for many medical students, interns, residents, and fellows of the Peoria campus of the University of Illinois College of Medicine.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Bryan Health", "paragraph_text": "Bryan Health (formerly BryanLGH Health System) is a not-for-profit healthcare organization located in Lincoln, Nebraska, United States. The system operates an acute-care hospital, several outpatient clinics and a College of Health Sciences, as well as a physician network and a heart institute.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Oregon State Hospital Historic District", "paragraph_text": "The Oregon State Hospital Historic District is a National Historic District in Salem, Oregon, United States. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on February 28, 2008, and encompasses many of the buildings of the present-day Oregon State Hospital. The district is roughly bounded by D Street, Park Avenue, 24th Street and Bates Drive and includes the main hospital building as well as the headquarters of the Oregon Department of Corrections, known as the Dome Building, across the street.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Comparison of the healthcare systems in Canada and the United States", "paragraph_text": "Comparison of the healthcare systems in Canada and the United States is often made by government, public health and public policy analysts. The two countries had similar healthcare systems before Canada changed its system in the 1960s and 1970s. The United States spends much more money on healthcare than Canada, on both a per - capita basis and as a percentage of GDP. In 2006, per - capita spending for health care in Canada was US $3,678; in the U.S., US $6,714. The U.S. spent 15.3% of GDP on healthcare in that year; Canada spent 10.0%. In 2006, 70% of healthcare spending in Canada was financed by government, versus 46% in the United States. Total government spending per capita in the U.S. on healthcare was 23% higher than Canadian government spending, and U.S. government expenditure on healthcare was just under 83% of total Canadian spending (public and private) though these statistics do n't take into account population differences.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Manipal Hospitals Klang", "paragraph_text": "Manipal Hospitals Klang (MHK) is a modern private medical facility located in Bandar Bukit Tinggi, Klang, Selangor, Malaysia. Manipal Hospitals Klang (MHK) is part of the Manipal Education and Medical Group (MEMG), a leading healthcare provider with over 2,000 doctors and 15 hospitals globally with 4,900 beds, serving over 2 million patients worldwide with a workforce of 16,500 people. Manipal Hospitals Klang (MHK) provides primary and selected tertiary care services and is associated with over 30 insurance companies in Malaysia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "The Orthopedic Specialty Hospital", "paragraph_text": "The Orthopedic Specialty Hospital (TOSH) was founded in 1991 and is a facility located in Murray, Utah, United States, at the former Intermountain Healthcare Cottonwood Hospital location. It includes 36 clinical patient rooms, ten surgery suites, a human performance research laboratory, a 25-meter lap pool, a full weight and exercise room, and a rehabilitation center.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Mersey Community Hospital", "paragraph_text": "The Mersey Hospital, at Latrobe near Devonport in Tasmania is a campus of the North West Regional Hospital, the main healthcare facility for the North Western region of Tasmania, Australia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Firelands Regional Medical Center", "paragraph_text": "Firelands Regional Medical Center (formerly known as Firelands Community Hospital) is a 227-bed not-for-profit medical center in Sandusky, Ohio, United States. The medical center had 9,678 admissions, 3,162 inpatient procedures, 7,704 outpatient surgeries, and its emergency department had 47,208 visits. Firelands Regional Medical Center is the only hospital in Erie County serving more than 10,000 inpatients and over 45,000 ER patients annually and is the largest year-round employer. The medical center is a level 3 trauma center and accredited by the American Osteopathic Association's Healthcare Facilities Accreditation Program.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Lucy S. Tompkins", "paragraph_text": "Lucy S. Tompkins is a practicing internist, the Lucy Becker Professor of Medicine for infectious diseases at Stanford University, and a professor of microbiology and immunology. Since 1989, she has been the Epidemiologist and Medical Director of the Infection Control and Epidemiology Department for Stanford Hospital. She also has been the Associate Dean for Academic Affairs at the Stanford School of Medicine since 2001. She has been the recipient of multiple fellowships throughout her career, including the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Her current research centers around healthcare-related infections and bacterial pathogenesis.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Washington University in St. Louis", "paragraph_text": "The Washington University School of Medicine, founded in 1891, is highly regarded as one of the world's leading centers for medical research and training. The School ranks first in the nation in student selectivity. Among its many recent initiatives, The Genome Center at Washington University (directed by Richard K. Wilson) played a leading role in the Human Genome Project, having contributed 25% of the finished sequence. The School pioneered bedside teaching and led in the transformation of empirical knowledge into scientific medicine. The medical school partners with St. Louis Children's Hospital and Barnes-Jewish Hospital (part of BJC HealthCare), where all physicians are members of the school's faculty.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 12069, "question": "Where is the Triumph Healthcare hospital headquartered?", "answer": "Houston", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 12058, "question": "How much of #1 's population is white?", "answer": "51%", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "All Hail King Julien", "paragraph_text": "When King Julien XII (also known as Uncle King Julien), a very strict and cowardly ring - tailed lemur is foretold to be eaten by fossa (spelled and pronounced as ``foosa ''), he abdicates his throne in favor of his nephew, who becomes King Julien XIII, a selfish, notorious party animal, who now has an entire kingdom of lemurs to lead on his own. While Uncle King Julien is gone, the new King Julien gets into various troubles in the company of his adviser Maurice, his head of security Clover, Mort, and his brother Frank`` the Sky God''. All the while, his devious uncle returns and tries to get rid of his nephew to reclaim the throne. Aside from Uncle King Julien and the foosa, Julien deals with other threats like the mad fanaloka Karl, and Clover's twin sister Crimson.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "National Assembly (Bhutan)", "paragraph_text": "The National Assembly was originally decreed in 1953 by King Jigme Dorji Wangchuck. The National Assembly began as a unicameral parliament within the King's framework for democratization. In 1971, King Jigme Dorji empowered the National Assembly to remove him or any of his successors with a two-thirds majority. The procedure for abdication remains a part of Bhutan's Constitution of 2008, with the addition of a three-fourth majority in a joint sitting of Parliament (i.e., including the National Council) to confirm the involuntary abdication as well as a national referendum to finalize it. (Art. 2)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "The King's Speech", "paragraph_text": "The King's Speech is a 2010 British historical drama film directed by Tom Hooper and written by David Seidler. Colin Firth plays the future King George VI who, to cope with a stammer, sees Lionel Logue, an Australian speech and language therapist played by Geoffrey Rush. The men become friends as they work together, and after his brother abdicates the throne, the new king relies on Logue to help him make his first wartime radio broadcast on Britain's declaration of war on Germany in 1939.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands", "paragraph_text": "Willem - Alexander (Dutch: (ˈʋɪləm aːlɛkˈsɑndər); born Willem - Alexander Claus George Ferdinand, 27 April 1967) is the King of the Netherlands, having ascended the throne following his mother's abdication in 2013.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Kingdom of Saxony", "paragraph_text": "The Kingdom of Saxony (), lasting between 1806 and 1918, was an independent member of a number of historical confederacies in Napoleonic through post-Napoleonic Germany. The kingdom was formed from the Electorate of Saxony. From 1871 it was part of the German Empire. It became a free state in the era of Weimar Republic in 1918 after the end of World War I and the abdication of King Frederick Augustus III of Saxony. Its capital was the city of Dresden, and its modern successor state is the Free State of Saxony.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Egypt", "paragraph_text": "The new government drafted and implemented a constitution in 1923 based on a parliamentary system. Saad Zaghlul was popularly elected as Prime Minister of Egypt in 1924. In 1936, the Anglo-Egyptian Treaty was concluded. Continued instability due to remaining British influence and increasing political involvement by the king led to the dissolution of the parliament in a military coup d'état known as the 1952 Revolution. The Free Officers Movement forced King Farouk to abdicate in support of his son Fuad. British military presence in Egypt lasted until 1954.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Queen Letizia of Spain", "paragraph_text": "Letizia Ortiz Rocasolano (Spanish pronunciation: (leˈtiθja); born 15 September 1972) is the Queen of Spain as the wife of King Felipe VI, who ascended on 19 June 2014 on the abdication of his father Juan Carlos I. Before her marriage to Felipe, Letizia was a journalist and news anchor. Letizia and Felipe have two daughters, Leonor, Princess of Asturias, who is now the heir presumptive, and Infanta Sofía.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Kings Highway Bridge", "paragraph_text": "Kings Highway Bridge was located on the Nansemond River in the independent city of Suffolk, Virginia, United States. Built in 1928, it carried traffic on the Kings Highway, also known as State Route 125, for over 75 years.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "King Hill, Idaho", "paragraph_text": "King Hill is an unincorporated community in Elmore County, Idaho, United States. King Hill is located on the Snake River northeast of Glenns Ferry. King Hill has a post office with ZIP code 83633.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "George VI", "paragraph_text": "In the words of Labour Member of Parliament George Hardie, the abdication crisis of 1936 did \"more for republicanism than fifty years of propaganda\". George VI wrote to his brother Edward that in the aftermath of the abdication he had reluctantly assumed \"a rocking throne\", and tried \"to make it steady again\". He became king at a point when public faith in the monarchy was at a low ebb. During his reign his people endured the hardships of war, and imperial power was eroded. However, as a dutiful family man and by showing personal courage, he succeeded in restoring the popularity of the monarchy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "List of shortest-reigning monarchs", "paragraph_text": "Name Country Royal house / dynasty Reign began Reign ended Length Comments Prince Louis Antoine, Duke of Angoulême, ``King Louis XIX ''Kingdom of France Bourbon 2 August 1830 2 August 1830 20 minutes Succeeded with the abdication of his father, Charles X, only to himself abdicate in favour of his nephew, Henry V (above). The question of whether Louis actually`` reigned'' is a philosophical one, as after his father signed the document of abdication, he contemplated his future for twenty minutes before himself signing. Many Legitimists did not recognise the abdications as valid, and recognised Charles X as king until his death in 1836, before recognising Louis as king until his own death in 1844.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Kingdom of Asturias", "paragraph_text": "With the forced abdication of Alfonso III by his sons in 910, the Kingdom of Asturias split into three separate kingdoms of León, Galicia and Asturias. The three kingdoms were eventually reunited in 924 (León and Galicia in 914, Asturias later) under the crown of León. It continued under that name until incorporation into the Kingdom of Castile in 1230, after Ferdinand III became joint king of the two kingdoms.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "German Revolution of 1918–19", "paragraph_text": "Around 4 November, delegations of the sailors dispersed to all of the major cities in Germany. By 7 November, the revolution had seized all large coastal cities as well as Hanover, Brunswick, Frankfurt on Main, and Munich. In Munich, a \"Workers' and Soldiers' Council\" forced the last King of Bavaria, Ludwig III, to abdicate. Bavaria was the first member state of the German Empire to be declared a Volksstaat, the People's State of Bavaria, by Kurt Eisner of the USPD. In the following days, the dynastic rulers of all the other German states abdicated; the last was Günther Victor, Prince of Schwarzburg, on 23 November.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Kyiso", "paragraph_text": "Kyiso (, ; c. 1000–1038) was king of Pagan dynasty from 1021 to 1038. According to the Burmese chronicles, Kyiso was a son of King Nyaung-u Sawrahan but raised by King Kunhsaw Kyaunghpyu. Kunhsaw married Nyuang-u's three chief queens, two of whom were pregnant and subsequently gave birth to Kyiso and Sokkate. Sokkate and Kyiso were raised by Kunhsaw as his own sons. When the two sons reached manhood, they forced Kunhsaw to abdicate the throne and become a monk.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "German revolutions of 1848–49", "paragraph_text": "Activism for liberal reforms spread through many of the German states, each of which had distinct revolutions. They were also inspired by the street demonstrations of workers and artisans led in Paris, France, from February 22 through 24, 1848, which resulted in the abdication by King Louis-Philippe of France and his exile in Britain. In France the revolution of 1848 became known as the February Revolution.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Cyprus", "paragraph_text": "Following the death in 1473 of James II, the last Lusignan king, the Republic of Venice assumed control of the island, while the late king's Venetian widow, Queen Catherine Cornaro, reigned as figurehead. Venice formally annexed the Kingdom of Cyprus in 1489, following the abdication of Catherine. The Venetians fortified Nicosia by building the Venetian Walls, and used it as an important commercial hub. Throughout Venetian rule, the Ottoman Empire frequently raided Cyprus. In 1539 the Ottomans destroyed Limassol and so fearing the worst, the Venetians also fortified Famagusta and Kyrenia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Mount Clarence King", "paragraph_text": "Mount Clarence King, located in the Kings Canyon National Park, is named for Clarence King, who worked on the Whitney Survey, the first geological survey of California. King later became the first chief of the United States Geological Survey.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Prince Charles, Count of Flanders", "paragraph_text": "Prince Charles of Belgium, Count of Flanders (, ; 10 October 1903 – 1 June 1983) was the second son of Albert I, King of the Belgians and Duchess Elisabeth in Bavaria. Born in Brussels, he served in lieu of his older brother King Leopold III from 1944 until 1950 as prince regent until Leopold was allowed to return to Belgium. However, shortly after returning and resuming his monarchical duties, Leopold abdicated in favour of his heir apparent, his elder son Baudouin.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "George VI", "paragraph_text": "As Edward was unmarried and had no children, Albert was the heir presumptive to the throne. Less than a year later, on 11 December 1936, Edward VIII abdicated in order to marry his mistress, Wallis Simpson, who was divorced from her first husband and divorcing her second. Edward had been advised by British Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin that he could not remain king and marry a divorced woman with two living ex-husbands. Edward chose abdication in preference to abandoning his marriage plans. Thus Albert became king, a position he was reluctant to accept. The day before the abdication, he went to London to see his mother, Queen Mary. He wrote in his diary, \"When I told her what had happened, I broke down and sobbed like a child.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Edward VIII", "paragraph_text": "Edward VIII (Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David; 23 June 1894 -- 28 May 1972) was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Empire, and Emperor of India, from 20 January 1936 until his abdication on 11 December the same year, after which he became the Duke of Windsor.", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 130557, "question": "What state is Clannaborough located?", "answer": "England", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 70090, "question": "who was the king of #1 that abdicated", "answer": "Edward VIII", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 } ]

[ "Duke of Windsor", "Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Ice hockey at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament", "paragraph_text": "The United States winning the gold medal game against Canada marks the first time in 20 years that the United States took home a gold medal in women's hockey. They previously won in 1998 in Nagano, Japan, which was also against Canada. Canada's loss effectively ended their winning streak of four consecutive winter games, having won since 2002.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Curling at the 2018 Winter Olympics", "paragraph_text": "The curling competition at the 2018 Winter Olympics was held between 8 and 25 February 2018 at the Gangneung Curling Centre. This was the seventh time that curling is on the Olympic program. In each of the men's and women's competitions, ten nations competed. As decided in 2015, a third competition, mixed doubles curling, has graduated from a spectator sport to a full medal competition. Teams consisted of one woman and one man. There were eight participating countries in the mixed competition.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament", "paragraph_text": "For the first time, the women's gold medal game was decided in overtime, with Canada defeating the United States 3 -- 2. Switzerland defeated Sweden for their first Olympic ice hockey medal in 66 years, and first ever medal in the women's tournament. With the win, the Canadian women's national ice hockey team won its fourth consecutive gold medal, a feat only previously accomplished by the Soviet Union men's team in 1964 -- 76, and the Canadian men's team in 1920 -- 32.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "2012 Summer Olympics medal table", "paragraph_text": "Of the 204 NOCs participating, 85 received at least one medal; 55 won at least one gold medal. Athletes from the United States won the most gold medals, with 46, and the most overall, with 103. Michael Phelps and Missy Franklin won the most gold medals at the games with four each. Phelps also won the greatest number of medals overall winning six in total. Bahrain, Botswana, Cyprus, Gabon, Grenada (a gold medal), Guatemala, and Montenegro won their first Olympic medals. In prior Olympics, however, Montenegrin athletes have won medals as nationals of Serbia and Montenegro and of Yugoslavia. An athlete from Serbia won the first Olympic gold medal for the country as an independent NOC, however, Serbian athletes have previously won gold medals as nationals of Serbia and Montenegro and of Yugoslavia. Moldova lost all the medals it had won and Cameroon won all its medals due to medals reallocation after retesting of doping samples in 2016.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Sandra Smith (cyclist)", "paragraph_text": "She was born on 23 May 1968 in Merredin, Western Australia. She won two gold medals at the 1996 Atlanta Games in the Women's Individual Pursuit Tandem open and Women's Kilo Tandem open events with Teresa Poole, for which she received a Medal of the Order of Australia. In 2000, she received an Australian Sports Medal.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "League of Nations", "paragraph_text": "Åland is a collection of around 6,500 islands in the Baltic Sea, midway between Sweden and Finland. The islands are almost exclusively Swedish-speaking, but in 1809, the Åland Islands, along with Finland, were taken by Imperial Russia. In December 1917, during the turmoil of the Russian October Revolution, Finland declared its independence, but most of the Ålanders wished to rejoin Sweden. The Finnish government considered the islands to be a part of their new nation, as the Russians had included Åland in the Grand Duchy of Finland, formed in 1809. By 1920, the dispute had escalated to the point that there was danger of war. The British government referred the problem to the League's Council, but Finland would not let the League intervene, as they considered it an internal matter. The League created a small panel to decide if it should investigate the matter and, with an affirmative response, a neutral commission was created. In June 1921, the League announced its decision: the islands were to remain a part of Finland, but with guaranteed protection of the islanders, including demilitarisation. With Sweden's reluctant agreement, this became the first European international agreement concluded directly through the League.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Juliet Haslam", "paragraph_text": "Juliet Haslam OAM (born 31 May 1969 in Adelaide, South Australia) is a former field hockey defender and midfielder from Australia, who competed in three consecutive Summer Olympics, starting in 1992, for her native country. She was a member of the Australia women's national field hockey team, best known as the \"Hockeyroos\", that won the gold medals at the 1996 and 2000 Summer Olympics. As well as being a dual Olympic Gold Medallist, she won a Commonwealth Games Gold Medal, two World Cup Gold Medals, five Champions Trophy Gold Medals and was named in the Australian Women’s ‘Team of the Century’.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Shyril O'Steen", "paragraph_text": "Shyril O'Steen (born October 5, 1960, in Seattle, Washington) is an American former competitive rower and Olympic gold medalist. She was a member of the American women's eights team that won the gold medal at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Marcia Gudereit", "paragraph_text": "Born in Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, she was part of Team Schmirler, the women's curling team that won a gold medal at the 1998 Winter Olympics. This team is the only 3-time winner of the World Curling Championship (1993, 1994, 1997). After Sandra died, she remained in the team, now skipped by Jan Betker for whom she currently plays. She curls out of the Caledonia Curling Club in Regina, Saskatchewan and works as a systems analyst for The Co-operators.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Lee Hwa-sook", "paragraph_text": "Lee Hwa Sook is a South Korean paralympic archer. She won the gold medal at the Women's individual recurve - Standing event at the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Rachel Morris (cyclist)", "paragraph_text": "Rachel Morris (born on 25 April 1979) is a British Paralympic sportswoman who has won Paralympic gold medals in both cycling and rowing. She took a gold medal at the 2008 Summer Paralympics as a handcyclist, and eight years later at Rio she won gold in the women's single sculls as a rower. She lost both her legs to Complex regional pain syndrome and cycles, in part, to manage the pain. She was born in Guildford, Surrey.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "2008 Summer Olympics medal table", "paragraph_text": "Athletes from 87 countries won medals, leaving 115 countries without a medal, and 54 of them won at least one gold medal. Both of these categories set new records until surpassed in 2016. Athletes from China won the most gold medals, with 48 gold medals. Athletes from the United States won the most total medals, with 112. Afghanistan, Mauritius, Sudan, Tajikistan and Togo won their first Olympic medals. Athletes from Mongolia (which previously held the record for most medals without a gold) and Panama won their first gold medals. Serbian swimmer Milorad Čavić won the first medal for the country as an independent NOC. Serbian athletes have previously won medals as nationals of Yugoslavia and Serbia and Montenegro. Samoa won its first Olympic medal due to medals reallocation after the IOC retested doping samples in 2016.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Adam Enright", "paragraph_text": "Adam Enright (born November 16, 1983, in Rosalind, Alberta) is a Canadian curler from Edmonton, Alberta. He is a former alternate for Kevin Martin's rink with whom he won a gold medal at the 2010 Winter Olympics as well as wins at the 2008 Tim Hortons Brier and the 2008 World Men's Curling Championship. Currently, Enright plays third for Kurt Balderston's rink.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Lorne De Pape", "paragraph_text": "Lorne De Pape (born 18 April 1955 in Saint Boniface, Manitoba) is a Canadian-born New Zealand curler. He moved to New Zealand in the 1990s due to his job for Monsanto. He competed for New Zealand at the 2006 Winter Olympics despite the country having limited curling resources at the time. His curling teammates were skip Sean Becker, Hans Frauenlob, Dan Mustapic and Warren Dobson. Before that he had helped found the Auckland Curling Club in 1996 and has won 4 gold medals at the Pacific Curling Championships.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "List of Olympic medalists in volleyball", "paragraph_text": "Following the United States - led boycott of the Moscow Olympics, the Soviet Union and some of its allies responded by boycotting the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics, citing security concerns. The United States won its first medals in volleyball at the Los Angeles Games: a gold in the men's competition, and a silver in the women's. The People's Republic of China won the gold medal in the women's competition in Los Angeles, their first time participating in an Olympic volleyball competition. The United States successfully defended their men's gold medal at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, and Peru won their only medal in volleyball, a silver in the women's competition. The Soviet Union won a silver medal in the men's competition and a gold in the women's at what would be their final Olympics. Following the 1990 -- 91 breakup of the Soviet Union, 12 of the 15 newly independent countries competed together as the Unified Team in Barcelona. In the women's competition, the Unified Team won the silver medal, and Cuba won their first of three consecutive gold medals. In the men's competition, Brazil won its first gold medal, and the Netherlands its first overall medal in the sport.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Sarah Bowen", "paragraph_text": "Sarah Bowen, OAM(born 15 April 1984) is an Australian Paralympic swimmer. She was born in Geelong with achondroplasia dwarfism. She competed in four events at the 2004 Athens Games and won a gold medal in the Women's 100m Breaststroke SB6 event, for which she received a Medal of the Order of Australia. At the 2008 Beijing Games, she competed in three events and won a silver medal in the Women's 100m Breaststroke SB6 event.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Yulianne Rodríguez", "paragraph_text": "Yulianne Rodríguez Cruz (born August 12, 1982) is a women's basketball player from Cuba. Playing as a forward she won the gold medal with the Cuba women's national basketball team at the 2003 Pan American Games in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "List of Olympic medalists in curling", "paragraph_text": "Games Gold Silver Bronze 1998 Nagano details Canada (CAN) Sandra Schmirler Jan Betker Joan McCusker Marcia Gudereit Atina Ford Denmark (DEN) Helena Blach Lavrsen Margit Pörtner Dorthe Holm Trine Qvist Jane Bidstrup Sweden (SWE) Elisabet Gustafson Katarina Nyberg Louise Marmont Elisabeth Persson Margaretha Lindahl 2002 Salt Lake City details Great Britain (GBR) Rhona Martin Deborah Knox Fiona MacDonald Janice Rankin Margaret Morton Switzerland (SUI) Luzia Ebnöther Mirjam Ott Tanya Frei Laurence Bidaud Nadia Röthlisberger Canada (CAN) Kelley Law Julie Skinner Georgina Wheatcroft Diane Nelson Cheryl Noble 2006 Turin details Sweden (SWE) Anette Norberg Eva Lund Cathrine Lindahl Anna Svärd Ulrika Bergman Switzerland (SUI) Mirjam Ott Binia Beeli Valeria Spälty Michèle Moser Manuela Kormann Canada (CAN) Shannon Kleibrink Amy Nixon Glenys Bakker Christine Keshen Sandra Jenkins 2010 Vancouver details Sweden (SWE) Anette Norberg Eva Lund Cathrine Lindahl Anna Le Moine Kajsa Bergström Canada (CAN) Cheryl Bernard Susan O'Connor Carolyn Darbyshire Cori Bartel Kristie Moore China (CHN) Wang Bingyu Liu Yin Yue Qingshuang Zhou Yan Liu Jinli 2014 Sochi details Canada (CAN) Jennifer Jones Kaitlyn Lawes Jill Officer Dawn McEwen Kirsten Wall Sweden (SWE) Margaretha Sigfridsson Maria Prytz Christina Bertrup Maria Wennerström Agnes Knochenhauer Great Britain (GBR) Eve Muirhead Anna Sloan Vicki Adams Claire Hamilton Lauren Gray 2018 Pyeongchang details Sweden (SWE) Anna Hasselborg Sara McManus Agnes Knochenhauer Sofia Mabergs Jennie Wåhlin South Korea (KOR) Kim Eun - jung Kim Kyeong - ae Kim Seon - yeong Kim Yeong - mi Kim Cho - hi Japan (JPN) Satsuki Fujisawa Chinami Yoshida Yumi Suzuki Yurika Yoshida Mari Motohashi", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Trine Trulsen Vågberg", "paragraph_text": "Trine Trulsen Vågberg (born 19 April 1962 in Drøbak, Norway) is a Norwegian curler. She won a silver medal at the 1989, and a bronze medal at the 2002 World Curling Championships.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Tang Hongxia", "paragraph_text": "She competed in the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing, China. There she won a gold medal in the women's F12‒F13 shot putt event and finished sixth in the F12‒F13 discus throw.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 45467, "question": "who won the women's gold medal curling", "answer": "Sweden (", "paragraph_support_idx": 17 }, { "id": 159613, "question": "When did Alanders rejoin #1 ?", "answer": "December 1917", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Harold Piercey", "paragraph_text": "Harold Piercey (born 1935) is an educator and former politician in Newfoundland. He represented Hermitage in the Newfoundland House of Assembly from 1971 to 1972.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Victoria Lake (Newfoundland and Labrador)", "paragraph_text": "Victoria Lake is a lake located in the west-central interior of the island of Newfoundland in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. The lake is south-east of Red Indian Lake.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Philips Head, Newfoundland and Labrador", "paragraph_text": "Philips Head, or Phillips Head, is a community in north-central Newfoundland of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It is in Division No. 8, in the Bay of Exploits, west of Lewisporte and north of Botwood. It is recognized by Statistics Canada as a designated place.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "The Death of a Lumberjack", "paragraph_text": "\"The Death of a Lumberjack\" is one of Carle's best-known films in Quebec, although it’s virtually unknown in the rest of Canada. It won Canadian Film Awards for Supporting Actor (Lamothe) and Musical Score.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Wade Verge", "paragraph_text": "Wade Verge is a politician in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. Verge represents the district of Lewisporte in the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly. He was elected in the 2007 provincial election as a member of the Progressive Conservative Party.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador", "paragraph_text": "St. John's is served by the Eastern School District, the largest school district in Newfoundland and Labrador by student population. There are currently 36 primary, elementary and secondary schools in the city of St. John's, including three private schools. St. John's also includes one school that is part of the province-wide Conseil Scolaire Francophone (CSF), the Francophone public school district. It also contains two private schools, St. Bonaventure's College and Lakecrest Independent. Atlantic Canada's largest university, Memorial University of Newfoundland (MUN), is located in St. John's. MUN provides comprehensive education and grants degrees in several fields and its historical strengths in engineering, business, geology, and medicine, make MUN one of the top comprehensive universities in Canada. The Fisheries and Marine Institute of Memorial University of Newfoundland (MI) or simply Marine Institute, is a post-secondary ocean and marine polytechnic located in St. John's and is affiliated with Memorial University of Newfoundland. MUN also offers the lowest tuition in Canada ($2,644, per Academic Year)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "I Can't Stop Loving You", "paragraph_text": "``I Ca n't Stop Loving You ''is a popular song written and composed by country singer, songwriter and musician Don Gibson, who first recorded it on December 30, 1957, for RCA Victor Records. It was released in 1958 as the B - side of`` Oh, Lonesome Me'', becoming a double - sided country hit single. At the time of Gibson's death in 2003, the song had been recorded by more than 700 artists.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Newfoundland pine marten", "paragraph_text": "The Newfoundland pine marten (\"Martes americana atrata\") is a genetically distinct subspecies of the American marten (\"Martes americana\") found only on the island of Newfoundland in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada; it is sometimes referred to as the \"American marten (Newfoundland population)\" and is one of only 14 species of land mammals native to the island. The marten was listed as endangered by the COSEWIC in 2001 and has been protected since 1934, however the population still declines. The Newfoundland marten has been geographically and reproductively isolated from the mainland marten population for 7000 years. The Newfoundland pine marten is similar in appearance to its continental cousin, but is slightly larger, with dark brown fur with an orange/yellow patch on the throat. Females are an average weight of 772 grams and males have an average weight of 1275 grams. The Newfoundland subspecies is also observed to inhabit a wider range of forest types than its mainland counterparts. The population characteristics suggest that the Newfoundland marten is a product of unique ecological setting and evolutionary selective factors acting on the isolated island population. The Newfoundland pine marten is omnivorous, feeding on mainly small mammals, along with birds, old carcasses, insects and fruits; it is currently found in suitable pockets of mature forest habitat, on the west coast of Newfoundland and in and around Terra Nova National Park. The Pine Marten Study Area (PMSA) is located in southwestern Newfoundland and is a 2078 km wildlife reserve that was created in 1973 to protect the Newfoundland Marten.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Bay du Nord Wilderness Reserve", "paragraph_text": "Bay du Nord Wilderness Reserve is located in central part of the Island of Newfoundland in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. The area encompasses an area of 2,895 km and is considered one of the last remaining unspoiled areas of the province devoid of human habitat. It was officially created as a wilderness reserve in 1990.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Wallace Pike", "paragraph_text": "Wallace Pike (22 December 1899 – 11 April 1999) was the last known Newfoundland World War I veteran. He enlisted as a volunteer in the Royal Newfoundland Regiment as an underage soldier. He saw action on the Western Front as a stretcher-bearer where he was wounded twice, once in the leg and once in the hand. At the end of his military service, he held the rank of private. He was honored by Newfoundland Premier Brian Tobin as a veteran who \"represented what would later become a Canadian tradition in times of conflict - that of humanitarian and life-saver\". France awarded Pike its highest accolade, The Legion of Honour. The award was commemorated in 1998 by French Ambassador Denis Bauchard who praised Pike saying, \"Through your courage you sealed forever the eternal bonds of friendship, solidarity and affection between our two countries.\" Wallace Pike died on April 11, 1999, aged 99 – just one month after the deaths of Newfoundland World War I veterans John Brinson and Alexander White.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Red Indian Lake", "paragraph_text": "Red Indian Lake is located in the western interior of Newfoundland in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. The lake drains into the Exploits River which flows through the interior of Newfoundland and exits into the Atlantic Ocean through the Bay of Exploits. Lloyds River, the Victoria River and Star River feed into the lake.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Newfoundland and Labrador", "paragraph_text": "A former colony and then dominion of the United Kingdom, Newfoundland gave up its independence in 1933, following significant economic distress caused by the Great Depression and the aftermath of Newfoundland's participation in World War I. It became the tenth province to enter the Canadian Confederation on March 31, 1949, as ``Newfoundland. ''On December 6, 2001, an amendment was made to the Constitution of Canada to change the province's official name to Newfoundland and Labrador.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "CN Marine", "paragraph_text": "CN Marine was created by parent Canadian National Railway (CN) in 1977 as a means to group the company's ferry operations in eastern Canada into a separate operating division. It had previously been part of the Canadian National Steamship Company. The majority of these ferries also required federal subsidies to supplement fares, thus CN was unwilling to have the operating losses appear in the railway's accounts. CN Marine also operated the Newfoundland Dockyard in St. John's, Newfoundland.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Diocese of Newfoundland", "paragraph_text": "In 1976 the Diocese of Newfoundland was reorganised and three autonomous dioceses were created: Eastern Newfoundland and Labrador, Central Newfoundland, and Western Newfoundland.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Western College, Stephenville, Newfoundland", "paragraph_text": "Western College is a private career college located in Stephenville, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. Founded in 1993, the college is a part of CompuCollege and an affiliate of Eastern College.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Rencontre Bay", "paragraph_text": "Rencontre Bay is natural bay on the island of Newfoundland in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It is near Devil Bay.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Shallow Bay (Newfoundland and Labrador)", "paragraph_text": "Shallow Bay is a natural bay near Pistolet Bay, Great Northern Peninsula, off the island of Newfoundland in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Norris Arm", "paragraph_text": "Norris Arm is a town in north-central Newfoundland, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It is in Division No. 6, on the Bay of Exploits.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Commonwealth of Nations", "paragraph_text": "In the Balfour Declaration at the 1926 Imperial Conference, Britain and its dominions agreed they were \"equal in status, in no way subordinate one to another in any aspect of their domestic or external affairs, though united by common allegiance to the Crown, and freely associated as members of the British Commonwealth of Nations\". The term \"Commonwealth\" was officially adopted to describe the community.These aspects to the relationship were formalised by the Statute of Westminster in 1931, which applied to Canada without the need for ratification, but Australia, New Zealand, and Newfoundland had to ratify the statute for it to take effect. Newfoundland never did, as on 16 February 1934, with the consent of its parliament, the government of Newfoundland voluntarily ended and governance reverted to direct control from London. Newfoundland later joined Canada as its 10th province in 1949. Australia and New Zealand ratified the Statute in 1942 and 1947 respectively.Although the Union of South Africa was not among the Dominions that needed to adopt the Statute of Westminster for it to take effect, two laws—the Status of the Union Act, 1934, and the Royal Executive Functions and Seals Act of 1934—were passed to confirm South Africa's status as a sovereign state.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 19, "title": "The Death of a Lumberjack", "paragraph_text": "The Death of a Lumberjack () is a 1973 Canadian drama film directed by Gilles Carle. The film was entered into the 1973 Cannes Film Festival.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 106409, "question": "Which was the country for The Death of a Lumberjack?", "answer": "Canada", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 }, { "id": 161232, "question": "When did Newfoundland become part of #1 ?", "answer": "1949", "paragraph_support_idx": 18 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Too Darn Hot", "paragraph_text": "``Too Darn Hot ''is a song written by Cole Porter for his musical Kiss Me, Kate (1948). In the stage version, it is sung at the start of Act 2, and in the 1948 original Broadway production, it was sung by Lorenzo Fuller (as Paul) and Eddie Sledge and Fred Davis (as the specialty dancers), leading the full company. In the 1953 MGM Hollywood film version, it is moved to a much earlier point, and it is sung by Ann Miller (as Lois Lane, Fred's new girlfriend, who is cast as Bianca). The song does not really contribute to the plot in either the stage or film versions; in the stage version, the song represents the company of The Taming of the Shrew taking a break offstage during the intermission of their play; in the film version it allows the audience to see Lois's fun - loving, risk - taking nature, and gave Ann Miller a chance to show off her dancing skills, specifically tap. The line 'According to the Kinsey report' (in the original stage production) was changed in the film version to 'According to the latest report'. The song has also been covered by many artists.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Shrek 2", "paragraph_text": "Shrek 2 is a 2004 American computer - animated fantasy film produced by DreamWorks Animation and directed by Andrew Adamson, Kelly Asbury and Conrad Vernon. It is the sequel to 2001's Shrek, with Mike Myers, Eddie Murphy and Cameron Diaz reprising their respective voice roles of Shrek, Donkey, and Fiona from the first film, joined by Antonio Banderas, Julie Andrews, John Cleese, Rupert Everett, and Jennifer Saunders. Sometime after the first film, Shrek, Donkey and Fiona go to visit Fiona's parents (voiced by Andrews and Cleese), while Shrek and Donkey discover that a greedy Fairy God Mother (voiced by Saunders) is plotting to destroy Shrek and Fiona's marriage so Fiona can marry her son, Prince Charming (voiced by Everett). Shrek and Donkey team up with a swashbuckling cat named Puss in Boots (voiced by Banderas) to stop her.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Holding Out for a Hero", "paragraph_text": "Japanese singer Miki Asakura recorded the song in Japanese as ヒーロー HOLDING OUT FOR A HERO in 1984. Elizabeth Daily recorded the song as the series theme song to the TV series Cover Up. Jennifer Saunders recorded the song for the 2004 film Shrek 2. It was also featured on the associated soundtrack. Frou Frou also recorded an alternatively tuned version of the song for Shrek 2 which appears during the film credits and in the soundtrack. American Post-Hardcore band Emery also did a cover for the 2005 Fearless Records compilation Punk Goes 80's. Ella Mae Bowen recorded a country version of the song which appeared on the soundtrack to the 2011 remake of Footloose.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Kung Fu Panda", "paragraph_text": "Kung Fu Panda premiered in the United States on June 6, 2008. The film received positive reviews upon release. Kung Fu Panda opened in 4,114 theaters, grossing $20.3 million on its opening day and $60.2 million on its opening weekend, resulting in the number one position at the box office. The film became DreamWorks' biggest opening for a non-sequel film, the highest grossing animated film of the year worldwide, and also had the fourth - largest opening weekend for a DreamWorks animated film at the American and Canadian box office, behind Shrek 2, Shrek the Third, and Shrek Forever After.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Shrek", "paragraph_text": "\"Shrek\" premiered at the 2001 Cannes Film Festival, where it competed for the Palme d'Or, making it the first animated film since Disney's \"Peter Pan\" (1953) to receive that honor. It was widely praised as an animated film that featured adult-oriented humor and themes, while catering to children at the same time. The film was theatrically released in the United States on May 18, 2001, and grossed $484.4 million worldwide against production budget of $60 million. \"Shrek\" won the first ever Academy Award for Best Animated Feature and was also nominated for Best Adapted Screenplay. It also earned six award nominations from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA), ultimately winning Best Adapted Screenplay. The film's success helped establish DreamWorks Animation as a prime competitor to Pixar in feature film computer animation, and three sequels were released—\"Shrek 2\" (2004), \"Shrek the Third\" (2007), and \"Shrek Forever After\" (2010)—along with two holiday specials, a spin-off film, and a stage musical that kickstarted the \"Shrek\" franchise. Although plans for a fifth film were cancelled prior to the fourth film's release, the project was revived in 2016 and has since stalled, with production and a potential release date getting pushed back.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "I Just Wanna Love U (Give It 2 Me)", "paragraph_text": "\"I Just Wanna Love U (Give It 2 Me)\" is a song by American rapper Jay-Z, released as the first single from his 2000 album \"\". It is produced by The Neptunes and features a chorus sung by Neptunes member Pharrell Williams, as well as Shay Haley and Omillio Sparks who all remain uncredited. The video for the song features cameos from rappers Lil' Kim, Lil' Cease, Damon Dash, Beanie Sigel, Memphis Bleek, Jermaine Dupri and actor John Witherspoon. A music video directed by David Meyers was made for \"I Just Wanna Love U.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Dan Demole", "paragraph_text": "Dan Demole (born 1979) is an American entrepreneur, co-founder and COO of Jingle Punks Music. Jingle Punks has been featured in \"Billboard\", Variety and Business Week where it was named \"one of America's most promising start ups\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Kimarley McDonald", "paragraph_text": "Kimarley McDonald (born 2 September 1984) is a Jamaican footballer who last played for Antigua Barracuda FC in the USL Professional Division.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Rest Your Love on Me", "paragraph_text": "``Rest Your Love on Me ''is a country ballad performed by the Bee Gees written and sung by Barry Gibb. It was the B - side of the US No. 1 hit`` Too Much Heaven''.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Christopher Knights", "paragraph_text": "Christopher Knights is an English voice actor, film editor and camera operator best known for providing the voice of Private the Penguin in Madagascar. He worked on several DreamWorks films Shrek, Shrek 2, Shrek the Third and Shrek 4 - D. He started his filming career at Amblimation studios and worked on We're Back! A Dinosaur's Story and Balto. When he joined DreamWorks he not only started his editing career but also his acting career. He worked on the Shrek series as an associate editor and voice of the Three Blind Mice and Thelonious, Lord Farquad's Henchman. He worked many times with another English cameraman and voice actor, Simon J. Smith.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "As Long as He Needs Me", "paragraph_text": "``As Long as He Needs Me ''is a torch song sung by the character of Nancy in the 1960 musical Oliver! and written by Lionel Bart. Georgia Brown, who was the first actress to play Nancy, introduced the song. It is a love ballad expressing Nancy's love for her criminal boyfriend Bill Sikes despite his mistreatment of her. In the film adaptation of the musical, it was sung by Shani Wallis.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Choi Sung-hyun", "paragraph_text": "Choi Sung-Hyun (; born May 2, 1982) is a South Korean football player. He played for Jeju United, Gwangju Sangmu and Suwon Samsung Bluewings formerly. He related match-fixing scandal and his football career was rescinded.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Steve Karmen", "paragraph_text": "Steve Karmen (born January 31, 1937) is an American composer, most famous for several jingles. Among his better known works are the New York State song, ``I Love New York '', the jingle Here Comes the King for Budweiser, the Hershey's chocolate jingle The Great American Chocolate Bar, the Exxon Song Energy for a Strong America (1976), and Wrigley Spearmint Gum / Carry The Big Fresh Flavor (1973). He also composed several music scores for motion pictures during the 1960s, and performed briefly as a Calypso singer, achieving some recognition in Trinidad during that time. Karmen is the recipient of 16 Clio Awards.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "See the USA in Your Chevrolet", "paragraph_text": "The song ``See The U.S.A. In Your Chevrolet ''(title as filed for 1950 copyright) is a commercial jingle from c. 1949, with lyrics and music by Leo Corday (ASCAP) and Leon Carr (ASCAP), written for the Chevrolet Division of General Motors. The song was the Chevrolet jingle sung on the show Inside U.S.A. with Chevrolet by Chevrolet's real - life husband - wife duo, Peter Lind Hayes and Mary Healy, years before it became associated with Dinah Shore through Chevrolet's decade - long sponsorship of her television shows. Dinah Shore sang the song after 1952, and it became something of a signature song for her. Later the song was also sung by male spokesman Pat Boone on his Pat Boone - Chevy Showroom (ABC) from 1957 through 1960. When the games of the Los Angeles Dodgers were televised in the 1960s, commercials were aired with the song sung by John Roseboro and Don Drysdale, whose singing careers, announcer Vin Scully said, were`` destined to go absolutely nowhere.''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Shrek!", "paragraph_text": "Shrek! is a picture book published in 1990 by American book writer and cartoonist William Steig, about a repugnant and monstrous green creature who leaves home to see the world and ends up saving a princess. The name \"Shrek\" is the romanization of the Yiddish word שרעק, corresponding to German \"\" and meaning \"fear\" or \"fright\", but also used as a common exclamation, often in the form \"Oy Shrek!\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Melody of Love (TV series)", "paragraph_text": "Melody of Love () is a 2013 South Korean daily drama television series starring Kim Da-som, Baek Sung-hyun, Hwang Sun-hee, Kim Hyung-jun and Kwak Hee-sung. It aired on KBS1 from November 4, 2013 to June 6, 2014 on Mondays to Fridays at 20:20 for 151 episodes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "She's My Baby (Wings song)", "paragraph_text": "\"She's My Baby\" is a song credited to Paul and Linda McCartney that was first released by Wings on their 1976 album \"Wings at the Speed of Sound\". It is a love song sung by Paul directed at Linda. Critical opinion of the song has ranged from a description as Paul McCartney's \"sweetest, daftest love song\" to a suggestion that it deserves an \"honor for sheer awfulness.\" In 1998, after Linda's death, Paul McCartney rearranged the song for string quartet to be played at memorial concerts for his late wife. This version was included on the 1999 album \"Working Classical\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Shrek (franchise)", "paragraph_text": "The Shrek franchise from DreamWorks Animation, based on William Steig's picture book Shrek!, consists of four computer - animated films including: Shrek (2001), Shrek 2 (2004), Shrek the Third (2007), and Shrek Forever After (2010), with a fifth film planned for a 2019 or 2020 release. A short 4 - D film, Shrek 4 - D, which originally was a theme park ride, was released in 2003.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Shrek the Halls", "paragraph_text": "Shrek the Halls is an American Christmas computer-animated comedy television special that premiered on the American television network ABC on Wednesday, November 28, 2007. The thirty minute Christmas special was directed by Gary Trousdale and produced by DreamWorks Animation. Mike Myers, Eddie Murphy, Cameron Diaz and Antonio Banderas reprised their roles from the feature films. This Christmas special takes place between \"Shrek the Third\" and \"Shrek Forever After\". This television special was based on the children's book \"Shrek!\" by the writer William Steig, was published on October 17, 1990.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Princess Fiona", "paragraph_text": "Princess Fiona is a fictional main character who serves as the female lead in DreamWorks' animated Shrek film series. She made her first appearance in the first film in the franchise, Shrek (2001), voiced by American actress Cameron Diaz.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 71486, "question": "who has sung the mcdonald's jingle i am loving it", "answer": "Justin Timberlake", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 58828, "question": "who does #1 play in shrek 2", "answer": "Arthur Pendragon", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Trouble in Paradise (1932 film)", "paragraph_text": "Trouble in Paradise is a 1932 American Pre-Code romantic comedy film directed by Ernst Lubitsch, starring Miriam Hopkins, Kay Francis, and Herbert Marshall and featuring Charles Ruggles and Edward Everett Horton. Based on the 1931 play \"The Honest Finder\" (\"A Becsületes Megtaláló\") by Hungarian playwright László Aladár, the film is about a gentleman thief and a lady pickpocket who join forces to con a beautiful woman who is the owner of a perfume company.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Pietà or Revolution by Night", "paragraph_text": "Pietà or Revolution by Night (Pietà ou La révolution la nuit) (1923) is a painting by German surrealist and Dadaist Max Ernst. Since 1981 it has been part of the collection of the Tate Gallery in London.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Green Revolution in India", "paragraph_text": "The Green Revolution in India refers to a period of time when agriculture in India changed to an industrial system due to the adoption of modern methods and technology such as high yielding variety (HYV) seeds, tractors, pump sets, etc. Green revolution was started by Dr. M.S. Swaminathan. The key leadership role played by the Indian agricultural scientist Vehla Swaminathan Banda together with many others including GS Kalkat, earned him the popularly used title 'Father of Green Revolution of India'. The Green Revolution allowed developing countries, like India, to try to overcome poor agricultural productivity. Within India, this started in the early 1960s and led to an increase in food grain production, especially in Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh during the early phase. The main development was higher - yielding varieties of wheat, for developing rust resistant strains of wheat.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Ernst Lubitsch", "paragraph_text": "Ernst Lubitsch was born on January 29, 1892 in Berlin, Germany, the son of Anna (née Lindenstaedt) and Simon Lubitsch (), a tailor. His family was Ashkenazi Jewish, his father born in Grodno in the Russian Empire and his mother from Wriezen (Oder), outside Berlin. He turned his back on his father's tailoring business to enter the theater, and by 1911, he was a member of Max Reinhardt's Deutsches Theater.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Monte Carlo (1930 film)", "paragraph_text": "Monte Carlo is a 1930 American pre-Code musical comedy film, directed by Ernst Lubitsch. It stars Jeanette MacDonald as Countess Helene Mara. The film is notable for the song \"Beyond the Blue Horizon\", which was written for the film and was performed by Jeanette MacDonald. The film was also hailed by critics as a masterpiece of the newly emerging musical genre. The screenplay was based on the Booth Tarkington novel \"Monsieur Beaucaire\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Early modern Europe", "paragraph_text": "Early modern Europe is the period of European history between the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, roughly the late 15th century to the late 18th century. Historians variously mark the beginning of the early modern period with the invention of moveable type printing in the 1450s, the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, the end of the Wars of the Roses in 1487, the beginning of the High Renaissance in Italy in the 1490s, the end of the Reconquista and subsequent voyages of Christopher Columbus to the Americas in 1492, or the start of the Protestant Reformation in 1517. The precise dates of its end point also vary and are usually linked with either the start of the French Revolution in 1789 or with the more vaguely defined beginning of the Industrial Revolution in late 18th century England.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Bluebeard's Eighth Wife", "paragraph_text": "Bluebeard's Eighth Wife is a 1938 American romantic comedy film made by Paramount Pictures, directed and produced by Ernst Lubitsch, and starring Claudette Colbert and Gary Cooper. The film is based on the French play, \"La huitième femme de Barbe-Bleue\", by Alfred Savoir and the English translation of the play by Charlton Andrews. The screenplay was the first of many collaborations between Charles Brackett and Billy Wilder. A much-married business tycoon meets his match in his latest wife.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Industrial Revolution", "paragraph_text": "The precise start and end of the Industrial Revolution is still debated among historians, as is the pace of economic and social changes. Eric Hobsbawm held that the Industrial Revolution began in Britain in the 1780s and was not fully felt until the 1830s or 1840s, while T.S. Ashton held that it occurred roughly between 1760 and 1830. Rapid industrialization first began in Britain, starting with mechanized spinning in the 1780s, with high rates of growth in steam power and iron production occurring after 1800. Mechanized textile production spread from Great Britain to continental Europe and the United States in the early 19th century, with important centres of textiles, iron and coal emerging in Belgium and the United States and later textiles in France.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Shoe Palace Pinkus", "paragraph_text": "Shoe Palace Pinkus (German: Schuhpalast Pinkus) is a 1916 German silent comedy film directed by Ernst Lubitsch and starring Lubitsch, Else Kentner and Guido Herzfeld. In English it is sometimes known by the alternative titles Shoe Salon Pinkus and The Shoe Palace. It was part of the Sally series of films featuring Lubitsch as a sharp young Berliner of Jewish heritage. After leaving school, a self-confident young man goes to work in a shoe shop. Soon after, he becomes a shoe tycoon.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Kathmandu", "paragraph_text": "Tourism is considered another important industry in Nepal. This industry started around 1950, as the country's political makeup changed and ended the country's isolation from the rest of the world. In 1956, air transportation was established and the Tribhuvan Highway, between Kathmandu and Raxaul (at India's border), was started. Separate organizations were created in Kathmandu to promote this activity; some of these include the Tourism Development Board, the Department of Tourism and the Civil Aviation Department. Furthermore, Nepal became a member of several international tourist associations. Establishing diplomatic relations with other nations further accentuated this activity. The hotel industry, travel agencies, training of tourist guides, and targeted publicity campaigns are the chief reasons for the remarkable growth of this industry in Nepal, and in Kathmandu in particular.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Industrial Revolution", "paragraph_text": "The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain, and many of the technological innovations were British. By the mid-18th century Britain controlled a global trading empire with colonies in North America and Africa, and with some political influence on the Indian subcontinent, through the activities of the East India Company. The development of trade and the rise of business were major causes of the Industrial Revolution.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Ernst Lubitsch filmography", "paragraph_text": "This is a list of films directed by Ernst Lubitsch. He made a total of 72 films (44 feature films and 28 short films) in a career that spanned 4 decades.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Green Revolution in India", "paragraph_text": "The Green Revolution in India refers to a period of time when agriculture in India changed to a non-sustainable, industrial system due to the adoption of modern methods and technology such as high yielding variety (HYV) seeds, tractors, pump sets, etc., that have contributed to a massive systemic problem in the country affecting people's health, small farmers sustainability, soil erosion and earth degradation. The key leadership role played by the Indian agricultural scientist Vehla Swaminathan Banda together with many others including GS Kalkat, earned him the popularly used title 'Father of Green Revolution of India'. The Green Revolution allowed developing countries, like India, to try to overcome poor agricultural productivity. Within India, this started in the early 1960s and led to an increase in food grain production, especially in Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh during the early phase. The main development was higher - yielding varieties of wheat, for developing rust resistant strains of wheat. Dr. Vandana Shiva, Physicist at the University of Punjab, and completed her Ph. D. on the 'Hidden Variables and Non-locality in Quantum Theory' from the University of Western Ontario (also considered by Forbes Magazine 2010 as one of the Seven Most Powerful Women on the Globe) afirms that Green Revolution did not save India from famine, as the proponents of Industrial Agriculture and GMO technology would argue, in fact the Green Revolution reduced India's production. Besides, more than 300,000 farmers have committed suicide in India since 1995, when the rules of globalisation of agriculture by the WTO (World Trade Organization) were implemented, transforming food into a commodity, agriculture into corporate business, and shifting control over seeds and food from farmers to giant multinational corporations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Economic history of Germany", "paragraph_text": "From the 1830s and 1840s, Prussia, Saxony, and other states reorganized agriculture, introducing sugar beets, turnips, and potatoes, yielding a higher level of food production that enabled a surplus rural population to move to industrial areas. The beginning of the industrial revolution in Germany came in the textile industry, and was facilitated by eliminating tariff barriers through the Zollverein, starting in 1834. The takeoff stage of economic development came with the railroad revolution in the 1840s, which opened up new markets for local products, created a pool of middle managers, increased the demand for engineers, architects and skilled machinists, and stimulated investments in coal and iron. The political decisions about the economy of Prussia (and after 1871, all of Germany) were largely controlled by a coalition of ``rye and iron '', that is the Junker landowners of the east and the heavy industry of the west.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Donald W. Ernst", "paragraph_text": "Donald W. Ernst (born January 25, 1934) is an American film, music and sound editor and film producer. He commonly works in the animation industry.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "The Honeymoon Express", "paragraph_text": "The Honeymoon Express is a lost 1926 silent film drama directed by James Flood and uncredited Ernst Lubitsch and starred Willard Louis and Irene Rich. Willard Louis's final film before his death. It is unknown, but the film might have been released with a Vitaphone soundtrack.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Textile manufacture during the British Industrial Revolution", "paragraph_text": "Textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolution in Britain was centred in south Lancashire and the towns on both sides of the Pennines. In Germany it was concentrated in the Wupper Valley, Ruhr Region and Upper Silesia, while in the United States it was in New England. The four key drivers of the Industrial Revolution were textile manufacturing, iron founding, steam power and cheap labour.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "The Smiling Lieutenant", "paragraph_text": "The Smiling Lieutenant is a 1931 American pre-Code musical comedy film directed by Ernst Lubitsch, starring Maurice Chevalier, Claudette Colbert and Miriam Hopkins, and released by Paramount Pictures.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Sumurun", "paragraph_text": "Sumurun (a.k.a. \"One Arabian Night\") is a 1920 German silent film directed by Ernst Lubitsch based on a pantomime by Friedrich Freksa.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Heaven Can Wait (1943 film)", "paragraph_text": "Heaven Can Wait is a 1943 Technicolor American comedy film produced and directed by Ernst Lubitsch. The screenplay was by Samson Raphaelson based on the play \"Birthday\" by . The music score was by Alfred Newman and the cinematography by Edward Cronjager.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 104471, "question": "Which country was Ernst Lubitsch in?", "answer": "Germany", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 }, { "id": 59031, "question": "when did the industrial revolution start in #1", "answer": "1834", "paragraph_support_idx": 13 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Costume Quest", "paragraph_text": "\"Costume Quest\"s development was led by Tasha Harris, Double Fine's lead animator and a former Pixar artist, with Tim Schafer providing support where needed, particularly in writing. The concept of the game was an idea that Harris had had prior to joining Double Fine, but never had a chance to expand on while at Pixar. She wanted the game to capture \"that nostalgic feeling of these kids playing dress-up\", and used old photographs of children in Halloween costumes to flesh out the game. Harris had mentioned the idea to Schafer, and Schafer chose her project as one of the four to be developed during the Amnesia Fortnights. Though Harris' original concept was not based on a role-playing game, she considers the game to have been influenced by older Nintendo games such as \"Dragon Quest\" and \"Final Fantasy\", and games that take place in a modern setting like \"EarthBound\" and \"Pokémon\". She also took cues from \"The Legend of Zelda\" series, where exploration would be paced through the acquisition of new items within the game. Harris stated that she wanted to \"make a game that was like the RPGs that [she] loved growing up, but make it modernized so it looks cool and people enjoy playing it now\" to take advantage of the growing popularity of titles available as downloadable content.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "I Just Want to Make Love to You", "paragraph_text": "``I Just Want to Make Love to You ''is a 1954 blues song written by Willie Dixon, first recorded by Muddy Waters, and released as`` Just Make Love to Me'' (Chess 1571). The song reached number four on Billboard magazine's R&B Best Sellers chart.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Casper (film)", "paragraph_text": "Christina Ricci as Kathleen ``Kat ''Harvey, Dr. James Harvey's 13 - year - old daughter and Casper's love interest, who has lost her mother and wants to make a friend.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "I Think I Love You", "paragraph_text": "``I Think I Love You ''Single by The Partridge Family from the album The Partridge Family Album B - side`` Somebody Wants to Love You'' ``To Be Lovers ''(Philippines) Released August 22, 1970 Format 7'' single Genre Pop, baroque pop Length 2: 54 Label Bell Songwriter (s) Tony Romeo Producer (s) Wes Farrell The Partridge Family singles chronology`` I Think I Love You ''(1970) ``Does n't Somebody Want to Be Wanted'' (1971)`` I Think I Love You ''(1970) ``Does n't Somebody Want to Be Wanted'' (1971)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Next to Me (Imagine Dragons song)", "paragraph_text": "``Next to Me ''was referred to as the band's first love song. Dan Reynolds, lead singer of the song, admitted that it was an unexpected theme change in the interview with Lowe, saying:`` Yeah I do n't typically write love songs. I started writing when I was about 13 years old and it was a source of an escape from school from depression from feeling lost and it was never a romance. So for me this is some of the first times that I've really explored diving into my mind and musicality and sonicality of romance.'' He regarded it as ``something everybody can relate to '', which is the`` feeling like you are going to fail sometimes in a relationship and the true value of a relationship is what happens then''.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Ferris Bueller's Day Off", "paragraph_text": "Hughes wrote the screenplay in less than a week. Filming began in September 1985 and finished in November. Featuring many landmarks, including the then Sears Tower and the Art Institute of Chicago, the film was Hughes' love letter to Chicago: ``I really wanted to capture as much of Chicago as I could. Not just in the architecture and landscape, but the spirit. ''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "View from the House", "paragraph_text": "View from the House is the eleventh studio album by American singer-songwriter Kim Carnes. It was released on 25 July 1988 by MCA Records. The album marked a return to her early country music roots. Carnes recorded the album in Nashville, Tennessee, and co-produced the album with Jimmy Bowen. Prior to making the album, Carnes stated, \"I can't do another album here (in Los Angeles). I've tried and finally stopped. The only way I get a thrill out of recording is to record live as opposed to running everything through a computer. I want to feel that interplay between musicians. And I feel real strongly that Nashville is the place to make an album with real instruments.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Some Girls (band)", "paragraph_text": "Some Girls (formed in 2001) is an American indie rock trio composed of Juliana Hatfield (guitar and vocals), Heidi Gluck (electric bass guitar, keyboard, harmonica, lap steel guitar, and vocals) and Freda Love Smith (drums and vocals). Hatfield and Love Smith knew each other from the Blake Babies and wanted to write songs together. The group's songs are generally melodic, upbeat, and lighthearted.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "But You Know I Love You", "paragraph_text": "``But You Know I Love You ''is a song written by Mike Settle, which was a 1969 pop hit for Kenny Rogers and The First Edition, a group that included Settle and Kenny Rogers. The song also became a major country hit by Bill Anderson in 1969. Evie Sands recorded the song for her album Any Way That You Want Me and Julie Rogers for her album Once More With Feeling, both in 1970. In 1981, a cover version of`` But You Know I Love You'' by singer Dolly Parton topped the country singles charts.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Nakaimo – My Sister Is Among Them!", "paragraph_text": "Konoe Tsuruma (鶴眞心乃枝, Tsuruma Konoe) Voiced by: Kaori Ishihara (Japanese); Monica Rial (English) A black - haired young girl who attends the same school as Shogo and also the first friend he makes on his first day of his new life. Very curious and believing in destined meetings, she is in the same class as Shogo as well as the class representative. She loves creme puffs. She revealed later that she was Shogo's childhood friend and feels responsible for the accident which landed him in hospital. She has the same phone as the mysterious shadowy figure shown once calling Shogo. It is later revealed that she was also the one who sent him the cake, photo, and action figure on his birthday. She initially called him using the voice of Perin a character from ``Transforming Warrior Granberion ''. She is in love with Shogo. This is underscored when she tells Shogo,`` When we were kids, I wanted to be your sister. I figured we could be together forever that way.'' The phone she used was a prototype developed by her father with a rare voice changer feature. Eventually she becomes Shogo's lover but also reveals that she is Kumagoro's illegitimate daughter. However, in volume 9 it is discovered that Shogo is not Kumagoro's biological son and thus she is not really Shogo's sister.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better", "paragraph_text": "``I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better ''is a song by the Los Angeles folk rock band the Byrds, first released in June 1965 on the B - side of the band's second single,`` All I Really Want to Do''. It was also included on the Byrds' debut album, Mr. Tambourine Man. Written by Gene Clark, who also sings the lead vocal, ``I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better ''features some of the Byrds' early musical trademarks, including Jim McGuinn's jangling 12 - string Rickenbacker guitar; Clark's pounding tambourine; McGuinn, Clark, and David Crosby's complex harmony singing; and a country - influenced guitar solo.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Ravelstein", "paragraph_text": "The title character, Ravelstein, is based on the philosopher Allan Bloom, who taught alongside Bellow at the University of Chicago's Committee on Social Thought. Remembering Bloom in an interview, Bellow said, \"Allan inhaled books and ideas the way the rest of us breathe air. ... People only want the factual truth. Well, the truth is that Allan was a very superior person, great-souled. When critics proclaim the death of the novel, I sometimes think they are really saying that there are no significant people to write about,\" but \"Allan was certainly one.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Agatha Christie: And Then There Were None", "paragraph_text": "Naracott returns to the house to find that the killer is Emily Brent, who is really the famous actress Gabrielle Steele. Steele wanted Wargrave killed because he sentenced her true love to death. She would torture him first by killing those around him first, all criminals who had gotten away with their crimes, and she explains how she killed each one. She had faked her own death earlier.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "How You Remind Me", "paragraph_text": "In the video, Kroeger plays a man whose girlfriend (played by model Annie Henley) has left him and is still haunted by her memory. He still feels strongly for her, and sees her everywhere he goes. Whenever he imagines her touch, he feels a warm memory, indicated by the change in lighting in the video. As the music video progresses, he starts to get over her. At the end, she shows up and apparently asks him to forgive her. This is what he thought he had wanted all along, but suddenly he realizes that it is n't really what he wanted, and pushes her away. She is left with a broken heart and haunted by memories, as he had been at the beginning of the video.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Can't Buy Me Love", "paragraph_text": "While in Paris, the Beatles stayed at the five star George V hotel and had an upright piano moved into one of their suites so that song writing could continue. It was here that McCartney wrote ``Ca n't Buy Me Love ''. The song was written under the pressure of the success achieved by`` I Want to Hold Your Hand'' which had just reached number one in America. When producer George Martin first heard ``Ca n't Buy Me Love ''he felt the song needed changing:`` I thought that we really needed a tag for the song's ending, and a tag for the beginning; a kind of intro. So I took the first two lines of the chorus and changed the ending, and said 'Let's just have these lines, and by altering the second phrase we can get back into the verse pretty quickly.''' And they said, ``That's not a bad idea, we'll do it that way ''. The song's verse is a twelve bar blues in structure, a formula that the Beatles seldom applied to their own material.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Yesterday's Enterprise", "paragraph_text": "Filming began on Monday, December 11, 1989, and lasted for seven days. The episode was directed by David Carson, who had only filmed one other \"Next Generation\" episode before \"Yesterday's Enterprise\". Carson felt that his relative lack of experience helped because he had no preconceptions about how episodes should be directed. Since much of the episode took place in the darker alternate universe, Carson wanted to emphasize the toll that decades of war had taken on the crew and the bridge. \"Picard really looked tired and worn and like a battle-weary commander, and that's what we wanted the bridge to look like—a battle weary bridge. I had lots of thoughts about making it as strong as possible using a lot of low lights, a lot of dark blues, making it very much more moody\", he said. To heighten the impact of the physical set changes, Carson took a different approach to how he constructed shots. \"It was my intention to make it as much like a submarine as possible and to use low-angle lighting; basically, to do everything the opposite way that the \"Enterprise\" was normally shot.\" The cameras were equipped with longer lenses than usual in order to reduce the depth of the scenes and provide a grittier feel. The use of low angles forced the lighting to be modified to prevent the scene from, in Carson's words, looking \"like a hotel lobby\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "In a Quiet Room", "paragraph_text": "In a Quiet Room is the eleventh album released by country music artist Dan Seals and his only album on the Intersound label. This album consists mostly of acoustic versions of songs featured on earlier albums, as well as two songs — \"I'd Really Love to See You Tonight\" and \"Love Is the Answer\" — that he originally recorded as one-half of the pop duo England Dan & John Ford Coley. \"I'd Really Love to See You Tonight\" remake and \"The Healin' Kind\" were both released as singles.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Much Ado About Nothing", "paragraph_text": "In Much Ado About Nothing, there are many examples of deception and self - deception. The games and tricks played on people often have the best intentions -- to make people fall in love, to help someone get what they want, or to lead someone to realize their mistake. However, not all are meant well, such as when Don John convinces Claudio that Don Pedro wants Hero for himself, or when Borachio meets' Hero '(who is actually Margaret, pretending to be Hero) in Hero's bedroom window. These modes of deceit play into a complementary theme of emotional manipulation and the ease with which the characters' sentiments are redirected and their propensities exploited as a means to an end. The characters' feelings for each other are played as vehicles to reach an ultimate goal of engagement rather than seen as an end in themselves.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Hymne à l'amour", "paragraph_text": "``Hymne à l'amour ''was translated into English by Piaf's protégé Eddie Constantine as`` Hymn to Love'', which was recorded by Piaf on her album La Vie En Rose / Édith Piaf Sings In English (1956). This version was featured on Cyndi Lauper's 2003 album At Last. It was also adapted into English as ``If You Love Me (Really Love Me) ''with lyrics by Geoffrey Parsons. Piaf then sang this version in Carnegie Hall at both of her performances in 1956 and 1957. Subsequent covers by Kay Starr in 1954, Shirley Bassey in 1959 and Brenda Lee in 1961 brought fame to this version. Raquel Bitton features`` Hymn to Love'' in her tribute to Piaf 2000.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "I Just Want to Make Love to You", "paragraph_text": "\"I Just Want to Make Love to You\" is a 1954 blues song written by Willie Dixon, first recorded by Muddy Waters, and released as \"Just Make Love to Me\". The song reached number four on \"Billboard\" magazine's R&B Best Sellers chart.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 61228, "question": "who sang all i really want to do", "answer": "Bob Dylan", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 68076, "question": "when did #1 write to make you feel my love", "answer": "1997", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Aspermont High School", "paragraph_text": "Aspermont High School is a public high school located in Aspermont, Texas (USA) and classified as a 1A school by the UIL. It is part of the Aspermont Independent School District located in central Stonewall County. In 2015, the school was rated \"Met Standard\" by the Texas Education Agency.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Amphitheater High School", "paragraph_text": "Amphitheater High School, also known as Amphi High, is a public high school, located in central Tucson, Arizona, United States. Amphi is the flagship high school of Amphitheater Public Schools of Tucson, and serves grades 9–12. The school mascot is the panther, and the school colors are kelly green and white. Amphi opened in 1939 as the second high school in Tucson, and has a student enrollment of 1,249. In the 1983-84 school year, it was honored as a Blue Ribbon school.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Baird High School", "paragraph_text": "Baird High School is a public high school located in Baird, Texas (USA) and classified as a 1A school by the UIL. It is part of the Baird Independent School District located in central Callahan County. In 2015, the school was rated \"Met Standard\" by the Texas Education Agency.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Greenville High School (New York)", "paragraph_text": "Greenville High School is a public high school located in Greenville, Greene County, New York, U.S.A., and is the only high school operated by the Greenville Central School District.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Greenfield-Central High School", "paragraph_text": "Greenfield-Central High School is a secondary school (grades 9-12) located in the city of Greenfield, Indiana. Under the management of the Greenfield-Central Community School Corporation. It had 1,363 students in 2009–2010.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Alcohol laws of Indiana", "paragraph_text": "In Indiana, alcohol may be sold only to those 21 years of age or older during the hours 7 a.m. to 3 a.m.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Missouri Western State University", "paragraph_text": "Missouri Western State University was founded in 1915 as a two-year institution called St. Joseph Junior College and held courses in the original location of Central High School at 13th and Patee. In 1933 when Central High School moved to its current location the junior college relocated to the Robidoux Polytechnic High School building at 10th Street between Edmond and Charles. In 1917 it adopted the Griffon as its mascot.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Jess Fink", "paragraph_text": "In high school, Jess Fink began reading comics and then manga. She cites Molly Keily and Art Spiegelman as influences. Jess Fink received her degree in Illustrating & Cartooning from the School of Visual Arts in New York City. During her studies, she was taught by Tom Hart, who assisted her with editing \"We Can Fix It\". She currently lives in New York City and sells jewelry through an online store named Hey Chickadee!", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Holland Junior/Senior High School", "paragraph_text": "Holland Junior/Senior High School is a public high school located in the Town of Holland, Erie County, New York, U.S.A., and is the only high school operated by the Holland Central School District.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Dublin Coffman High School", "paragraph_text": "Dublin Coffman High School is a public high school located in Dublin, Ohio, United States, a suburb northwest of Columbus, Ohio, which was formerly known as Dublin High School. It is the oldest of three high schools in the Dublin City Schools district, and serves the southern and central parts of the District.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Charlotte High School (Texas)", "paragraph_text": "Charlotte High School is a public high school located in Charlotte, Texas (USA) and classified as a 2A school by the UIL. It is part of the Charlotte Independent School District located in central Atascosa County. In 2015, the school was rated \"Met Standard\" by the Texas Education Agency.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Gabriel Richard Catholic High School", "paragraph_text": "Gabriel Richard Catholic High School, usually referred to as Gabriel Richard or simply GR, is a Catholic, coed high school in Riverview, Michigan, United States, south of Detroit. Named after Father Gabriel Richard, the school was established in 1965, with the first class graduating in 1969. It currently has approximately 460 students and approximately 30 full-time teachers, giving a student-to-teacher ratio of approximately 15:1. Located in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Detroit, Gabriel Richard Catholic High School has also been fully accredited by the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools since the 1993–94 school year.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Central Islip Senior High School", "paragraph_text": "Central Islip Senior High School is a high school in Central Islip, New York, United States, serving students in grades 9-12. It is part of the Central Islip Union Free School District.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Stagg High School (Stockton, California)", "paragraph_text": "Amos Alonzo Stagg High School, or Stagg High School, is a public, four-year high school located at 1621 Brookside Road in Stockton, California, United States. It is part of the Stockton Unified School District. The school was dedicated on February 25, 1959 and was named after college football coach Amos Alonzo Stagg.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Hunterdon County Polytech Career Academy", "paragraph_text": "The Hunterdon County Polytech Career Academy is a vocational public high school that offers technical and career training to students in Hunterdon County, New Jersey, United States, operating as part of the Hunterdon County Vocational School District. The school is situated at two separate facilities in Raritan Township, the Bartles Corner Campus located off of Bartles Corner Road and the Central Campus located next to the Hunterdon Central Regional High School Field House.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Burnet High School (Texas)", "paragraph_text": "Burnet High School is a public high school located in Burnet, Texas (USA) and classified as a 4A school by the UIL. It is part of the Burnet Consolidated Independent School District located in central Burnet County. In 2015, the school was rated \"Met Standard\" by the Texas Education Agency.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Wellington High School (Texas)", "paragraph_text": "Wellington High School is a public high school located in the city of Wellington, Texas, in Collingsworth County, United States and classified as a 2A school by the UIL. It is a part of the Wellington Independent School District located in south central Collingsworth County. In 2015, the school was rated \"Met Standard\" by the Texas Education Agency.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Central High School (Louisville, Kentucky)", "paragraph_text": "Formally known as Louisville Central High School Magnet Career Academy, Central High School is a public high school in downtown Louisville, Kentucky, United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "St. Philip Catholic Central High School", "paragraph_text": "St. Philip Catholic Central High School, located in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Kalamazoo, is a Roman Catholic high school in Battle Creek, Michigan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Alcohol laws of Kentucky", "paragraph_text": "Another inconsistency involves the difference between legal ages for buying and selling alcoholic beverages. The legal age for purchase is 21, as in all U.S. states. However, the legal age for selling or serving alcoholic beverages in a licensed establishment is 20. In the case of packaged beer, the legal selling age is 18, as long as the person is supervised by someone who is at least 20.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 129962, "question": "What is the name of the state where Greenfield-Central High School is located?", "answer": "Indiana", "paragraph_support_idx": 4 }, { "id": 69002, "question": "when do stores stop selling alcohol in #1", "answer": "3 a.m.", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 } ]

[ "3 A.M." ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Los Ausoles", "paragraph_text": "Los Ausoles is a group of hot springs located 20 kilometers north of Ahuachapán in El Salvador. The area has been described as \"the capital of Central American geothermal.\" Many of the springs in the area produce heavy steam, and as of 1850, were described as \"semi-fluid mass of mud and water in a state of ebullition, continually throwing large heavy bubbles to the surfaces; this heated mass is in some black, in others red, or of the ochry colour.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Gorenje Karteljevo", "paragraph_text": "Gorenje Karteljevo () is a settlement in the hills north of the town of Novo Mesto in southeastern Slovenia. The entire Municipality of Novo Mesto is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Punta El Chiquirín", "paragraph_text": "Punta El Chiquirín is the easternmost point of the mainland of El Salvador (not counting the land border with Honduras). It is located at and overlooks the Gulf of Fonseca.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Mexico City", "paragraph_text": "During the 19th century, an important producer of art was the Academia de San Carlos (San Carlos Art Academy), founded during colonial times, and which later became the Escuela Nacional de Artes Plásticas (the National School of Arts) including painting, sculpture and graphic design, one of UNAM's art schools. Many of the works produced by the students and faculty of that time are now displayed in the Museo Nacional de San Carlos (National Museum of San Carlos). One of the students, José María Velasco, is considered one of the greatest Mexican landscape painters of the 19th century. Porfirio Díaz's regime sponsored arts, especially those that followed the French school. Popular arts in the form of cartoons and illustrations flourished, e.g. those of José Guadalupe Posada and Manuel Manilla. The permanent collection of the San Carlos Museum also includes paintings by European masters such as Rembrandt, Velázquez, Murillo, and Rubens.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "The Bordellos of Algiers", "paragraph_text": "The Bordellos of Algiers (German: Die Frauengasse von Algier) is a 1927 German silent drama film directed by Wolfgang Hoffmann-Harnisch and starring Maria Jacobini, Camilla Horn and Warwick Ward. The film was shot on location in North Africa. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Hans Jacoby and Bruno Krauskopf.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Ramona Solberg", "paragraph_text": "Ramona Solberg (1921–2005) created large jewellery using found objects; she was an influential teacher at the University of Washington School of Art and often referred to as the \"grandmother of Northwest found-art jewelry\". She was an art instructor in and around Seattle for three decades as well as a prolific jewelry artist.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Noe Canjura", "paragraph_text": "Noe Canjura (Apopa, El Salvador, August 14, 1922 - Morienval, France, September 29, 1970) was a Salvadoran painter and a prominent figure in 20th century modern art in France. His art was 'imbued with a social conscience and laden with religious symbolism'.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Novo Horizonte do Sul", "paragraph_text": "Novo Horizonte do Sul is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso do Sul. Its population was 5,050 (2005) and its area is 849 km².", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "University of Kansas", "paragraph_text": "The University of Kansas is a large, state-sponsored university, with five campuses. KU features the College of Liberal Arts & Sciences, which includes the School of the Arts and the School of Public Affairs & Administration; and the schools of Architecture, Design & Planning; Business; Education; Engineering; Health Professions; Journalism & Mass Communications; Law; Medicine; Music; Nursing; Pharmacy; and Social Welfare. The university offers more than 345 degree programs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Docks of Hamburg", "paragraph_text": "Docks of Hamburg or The Carmen of St. Pauli (German: Die Carmen von St. Pauli) is a 1928 German silent drama film directed by Erich Waschneck and starring Jenny Jugo, Willy Fritsch and Fritz Rasp. It was made by UFA at their Babelsberg Studio with location shooting in Hamburg. Art direction was by Alfred Junge. The film was released in the United States in 1930.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Golušnik", "paragraph_text": "Golušnik () is a small settlement in the hills north of Novo Mesto in southeastern Slovenia. The entire Municipality of Novo Mesto is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Glasgow School of Art", "paragraph_text": "Founded in 1845 as the Glasgow Government School of Design, the school changed its name to The Glasgow School of Art in 1853. Originally located at 12 Ingram Street the school moved to the McLellan Galleries in 1869.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Blue Horses", "paragraph_text": "Blue Horses or Die grossen blauen Pferde (\"The Large Blue Horses\") is a 1911 painting by German painter and printmaker Franz Marc (1880–1916).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Hoërskool Menlopark", "paragraph_text": "Die Hoërskool Menlopark (Menlo Park High School) is a public Afrikaans medium co-educational high school located in Menlo Park, Pretoria, in the Gauteng province of South Africa. Learners are known as \"Parkies\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Brezje, Novo Mesto", "paragraph_text": "Brezje () is a small settlement in the Municipality of Novo Mesto in southeastern Slovenia. It lies in the hills to the south of the main road between Novo Mesto and Šentjernej. The entire municipality is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Paul M. Dorman High School", "paragraph_text": "Paul M. Dorman High School is a high school located in Roebuck, South Carolina, United States. The school is part of Spartanburg County School District Six. It consists of a main campus for 10th-12th graders and a separate campus for 9th graders, and a College, Career, and Fine Arts Center. The center features an auditorium, multiple classrooms, an art gallery, kitchen, student center, and computer labs. The campus is located at the intersection of Interstate 26 and Highway 221 in Spartanburg County.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Dolce Stil Novo", "paragraph_text": "Dolce Stil Novo (; Italian for \"sweet new style\", modern Italian \"stile nuovo\"), or stilnovismo , is the name given to the most important literary movement of the 13th century in Italy. Influenced by the Sicilian School and Tuscan poetry, its main theme is Love (\"Amore\"). \"Gentilezza\" (Noblemindedness) and \"Amore\" are indeed topoi in the major works of the period. The name \"Dolce Stil Novo\" was used for the first time by Dante Alighieri (Canto 24, \"Purgatorio\"). When he arrives in Purgatory he meets Bonagiunta Orbicciani, a 13th-century Italian poet, who tells Dante that Dante himself, Guido Guinizelli, and Guido Cavalcanti had been able to create a new genre: a \"stil novo\". Precursors to the \"dolce stil novo\" are found in the Provençal works of the troubadours, such as the Genoese Lanfranc Cigala. The artists of the \"stil novo\" are called stilnovisti.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Eleanor Davis", "paragraph_text": "Eleanor Davis was raised in Tucson, Arizona by comic enthusiast parents who exposed her to stories and styles such as \"Little Lulu\", \"Krazy Kat\", \"Little Nemo\" and the \"Kinder Kids\". She attended Kino School, an alternative school in Tucson, from elementary school until she graduated from high school. It wasn't until high school, when she was introduced to the zine/minicomics world of alternative comics by classmates, that she started to draw comics seriously. In high school she began to self-publish her own comic and soon after decided to attend the Savannah College of Art and Design in Georgia to study sequential art. Davis's work began to get noticed for her original handmade die-cuts and coloring but was further helped by her diligent production of minicomics, attending comic conventions, and online presence.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Rio Novo do Sul", "paragraph_text": "Rio Novo do Sul is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Espírito Santo. Its population was 12,065 (2005) and its area is 204 km². The name of this municipality means \"New River of the South\" in Portuguese.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Crosswinds East Metro Arts and Science School", "paragraph_text": "Crosswinds East Metro Arts and Science School is a year-round arts and science magnet school located in Woodbury, Minnesota, United States. Crosswinds focuses on cultural diversity, alternative learning styles, and environmental science as the foundations of its education. It provides academic and artistic opportunities for students from urban and suburban neighborhoods to achieve continuing success in a year-round program. The Perpich Center for Arts Education manages Crosswinds. Crosswinds teaches students from ages 11 to 16 (grades 6 through 10). In the beginning of the 2000s there was large gains for students of color, and with the recent conveyance student achievement has declined significantly according to standardized state testing results.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 145787, "question": "At what location did Salvador Novo die?", "answer": "Mexico City", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 19273, "question": "What is the large art school in #1 ?", "answer": "Academia de San Carlos", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": ".308 Marlin Express", "paragraph_text": "The .308 Marlin Express is a cartridge developed in 2007 by Marlin Firearms and Hornady. It is based on the .307 Winchester with a goal to duplicate .308 Winchester performance. The cartridge uses a slightly shorter, semi-rimmed case similar to that of the .220 Swift to function in lever action rifles. As introduced in Hornady's LEVERevolution line of cartridges, it is the highest velocity production cartridge designed for lever action rifles with tubular magazines. It is chambered in Marlin's Model 308MX and 308MXLR rifles using the Marlin Model 336 action.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Las Vegas Strip", "paragraph_text": "The Las Vegas Strip is a stretch of South Las Vegas Boulevard in Clark County, Nevada that is known for its concentration of resort hotels and casinos. The Strip is approximately 4.2 miles (6.8 km) in length, located immediately south of the Las Vegas city limits in the unincorporated towns of Paradise and Winchester. However, the Strip is often referred to as being in Las Vegas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "United Kingdom–United States relations", "paragraph_text": "British -- American relations, also referred to as Anglo - American relations, encompass many complex relations ranging from two early wars to competition for world markets. Since 1940 they have been close military allies enjoying the Special Relationship built as wartime allies, and NATO partners.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Daylight saving time", "paragraph_text": "Starting on April 30, 1916, the German Empire and its World War I ally Austria - Hungary were the first to use DST (German: Sommerzeit) as a way to conserve coal during wartime. Britain, most of its allies, and many European neutrals soon followed suit. Russia and a few other countries waited until the next year, and the United States adopted it in 1918.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "I'm Gonna Miss You, Girl", "paragraph_text": "\"I'm Gonna Miss You, Girl\" is a song written by Jesse Winchester, and recorded by American country music artist Michael Martin Murphey. It was released in October 1987 as the lead single from the album \"River of Time\". The song peaked at number 3 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles chart and at number 4 on the Canadian \"RPM\" Country Tracks chart.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Would I", "paragraph_text": "\"Would I\" is a song written by Mark Winchester and recorded by American country music artist Randy Travis. It was released in September 1996 as the second single from the album \"Full Circle\". The song reached number 25 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Bob Lyon", "paragraph_text": "Bob Lyon, an American politician, is a former Kansas State Senator from the city of Winchester. A civil engineer, Lyon is a graduate of the University of Virginia and George Washington University.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Abrams Creek (Virginia)", "paragraph_text": "Abrams Creek is an tributary stream of Opequon Creek in Frederick County and the independent city of Winchester in Virginia. Abrams Creek rises north of Round Hill and flows in a southeasterly direction through Winchester. From Winchester, Abrams Creek flows east into Opequon Creek. The stream was originally known as Abraham's Creek.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Winchester", "paragraph_text": "There was a fire in the city in 1141 during the Rout of Winchester. William of Wykeham played a role in the city's restoration. As Bishop of Winchester he was responsible for much of the current structure of the cathedral, and he founded the still extant public school Winchester College. During the Middle Ages, the city was an important centre of the wool trade, before going into a slow decline. The curfew bell in the bell tower (near the clock in the picture), still sounds at 8:00 pm each evening.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Borregas station", "paragraph_text": "Borregas is a light rail station operated by Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority (VTA), located in Sunnyvale, California. Borregas is served by the Mountain View–Winchester light rail line.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": ".30 Remington", "paragraph_text": "The .30 Remington cartridge was created in 1906 by Remington Arms. It was Remington's rimless answer to the popular .30-30 Winchester cartridge. Factory ammunition was produced until the late 1980s, but now it is a prospect for handloaders. Load data for the .30-30 Winchester can be used safely for the .30 Remington.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Marlin Model 336", "paragraph_text": "The Marlin Model 336 is a lever-action rifle and carbine made by Marlin Firearms. Since its introduction in 1948, it has been offered in a number of different calibers and barrel lengths, but is commonly chambered in .30-30 Winchester or .35 Remington, using a 20- or 24-inch barrel. Currently, the model with a 24-inch barrel is only available in .30-30 Winchester. The Model 336 is currently produced by Remington Arms.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "United Kingdom–United States relations", "paragraph_text": "Through times of war and rebellion, peace and estrangement, as well as becoming friends and allies, Britain and the US cemented these deeply rooted links during World War II into what is known as the ``Special Relationship. ''In long - term perspective, the historian Paul Johnson has called it the`` cornerstone of the modern, democratic world order''.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Daylight saving time", "paragraph_text": "Starting on 30 April 1916, Germany and its World War I ally Austria-Hungary were the first to use DST (German: Sommerzeit) as a way to conserve coal during wartime. Britain, most of its allies, and many European neutrals soon followed suit. Russia and a few other countries waited until the next year and the United States adopted it in 1918.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Southampton", "paragraph_text": "Southampton is also served by the rail network, which is used both by freight services to and from the docks and passenger services as part of the national rail system. The main station in the city is Southampton Central. Rail routes run east towards Portsmouth, north to Winchester, the Midlands and London, and westwards to Bournemouth, Poole, Dorchester, Weymouth, Salisbury, Bristol and Cardiff. The route to London was opened in 1840 by what was to become the London and South Western Railway Company. Both this and its successor the Southern Railway (UK) played a significant role in the creation of the modern port following their purchase and development of the town's docks.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (1990 film)", "paragraph_text": "Elias Koteas as Casey Jones, a streetwise vigilante and former ice hockey player who becomes an ally of the turtles", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "New Haven, Connecticut", "paragraph_text": "The American Civil War boosted the local economy with wartime purchases of industrial goods, including that of the New Haven Arms Company, which would later become the Winchester Repeating Arms Company. (Winchester would continue to produce arms in New Haven until 2006, and many of the buildings that were a part of the Winchester plant are now a part of the Winchester Repeating Arms Company Historic District.) After the war, population grew and doubled by the start of the 20th century, most notably due to the influx of immigrants from southern Europe, particularly Italy. Today, roughly half the populations of East Haven, West Haven, and North Haven are Italian-American. Jewish immigration to New Haven has left an enduring mark on the city. Westville was the center of Jewish life in New Haven, though today many have fanned out to suburban communities such as Woodbridge and Cheshire.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Elizabeth Shepley Sergeant", "paragraph_text": "Elizabeth Shepley Sergeant (April 23, 1881, Winchester, Massachusetts – January 26, 1965, New York City) was an American journalist and writer.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Military history of the United States", "paragraph_text": "The War on Terrorism is a global effort by the governments of several countries (primarily the United States and its principal allies) to neutralize international terrorist groups (primarily Islamic Extremist terrorist groups, including al-Qaeda) and ensure that countries considered by the US and some of its allies to be Rogue Nations no longer support terrorist activities. It has been adopted primarily as a response to the September 11, 2001 attacks on the United States. Since 2001, terrorist motivated attacks upon service members have occurred in Arkansas and Texas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Winchester Mystery House", "paragraph_text": "The Winchester Mystery House is a mansion in San Jose, California, that was once the personal residence of Sarah Winchester, the widow of firearm magnate William Wirt Winchester. Located at 525 South Winchester Blvd. in San Jose, the Queen Anne Style Victorian mansion is renowned for its size, its architectural curiosities, and its lack of any master building plan. It is a designated California historical landmark and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It is privately owned and serves as a tourist attraction.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 159460, "question": "In what country is the city of Winchester located?", "answer": "England", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 81260, "question": "when did the us and #1 become allies", "answer": "Since 1940", "paragraph_support_idx": 2 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Ababel Yeshaneh", "paragraph_text": "Ababel Yeshaneh Birhane (born 22 July 1991) is an Ethiopian long-distance runner who competes in track, road and cross country events. She represented her country in the 10,000 metres at the 2013 World Championships in Athletics, coming ninth, and ranked fifth in the world on time that year. She was a team silver medallist at the African Cross Country Championships in 2014.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Leg shaving", "paragraph_text": "In Western countries, the majority of women engage in leg shaving, doing so largely for aesthetic reasons. This practice has developed especially since the early 20th century, around the time of the First World War, as hemlines on women's dresses have become shorter and women's swimsuits have become more revealing, displaying all of a woman's legs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Baby I'm-a Want You", "paragraph_text": "``Mother Freedom ''(David Gates) -- 2: 35`` Baby I'm - a Want You'' (Gates) -- 2: 31 ``Down on My Knees ''(Gates, James Griffin) -- 2: 44`` Everything I Own'' (Gates) -- 3: 07 ``Nobody Like You ''(Gates, Griffin, Larry Knechtel) -- 3: 14`` Diary'' (Gates) -- 3: 09", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "National Zoo of Malaysia", "paragraph_text": "The National Zoo () is a zoo in Malaysia located on of land in Ulu Klang, Gombak District, Selangor, Malaysia. It was officially opened on 14 November 1963 by the country's first prime minister, Tunku Abdul Rahman. The park is managed by a non-governmental organisation known as the Malaysian Zoological Society. For funding, Zoo Negara relies on gate collections and on support from donors and sponsors.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "History of Manchester City F.C.", "paragraph_text": "A long period of decline followed the success of the 1960s and 1970s. Malcolm Allison rejoined the club to become manager for the second time in 1979, but squandered large sums of money on unsuccessful signings, such as Steve Daley. A succession of managers then followed -- seven in the 1980s alone. Under John Bond, City reached the 1981 FA Cup final but lost in a replay to Tottenham Hotspur. The club were twice relegated from the top flight in the 1980s (in 1983 and 1987), but returned to the top flight again in 1989 and finished fifth in 1991 and 1992 under the management of Peter Reid. However, this was only a temporary respite, and following Reid's departure Manchester City's fortunes continued to fade. City were co-founders of the Premier League upon its creation in 1992, but after finishing ninth in its first season they endured three seasons of struggle before being relegated in 1996. After two seasons in Division One, City fell to the lowest point in their history, becoming the second ever European trophy winners to be relegated to their country's third league tier, after 1. FC Magdeburg of Germany.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "I Like It, I Love It", "paragraph_text": "``I Like It, I Love It ''is a song written by Jeb Stuart Anderson, Steve Dukes, and Mark Hall, and recorded by American country music artist Tim McGraw. It was released in July 1995 as the first single from his album All I Want. The song is McGraw's ninth single overall, and it became his third number - one single on the Hot Country Songs chart. It was recorded at FAME Studios in Muscle Shoals Alabama.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Loretta Lynn", "paragraph_text": "Lynn's relationship with the Wilburn Brothers and her appearances on the Grand Ole Opry, beginning in 1960, helped Lynn become the number one female recording artist in country music. Her contract with the Wilburn Brothers gave them the publishing rights to her material. She was still fighting to regain these rights 30 years after ending her business relationship with them but was ultimately denied the publishing rights. Lynn stopped writing music in the 1970s because of these contracts. Although Kitty Wells had become the first major female country vocalist during the 1950s, by the time Lynn recorded her first record, only three other women -- Patsy Cline, Skeeter Davis, and Jean Shepard -- had become top stars. Lynn joined The Grand Ole Opry on September 25, 1962.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Only One You", "paragraph_text": "\"Only One You\" is a song written by Michael Garvin and Bucky Jones, and recorded by American country music artist T.G. Sheppard. It was released in November 1981 as the first single from the album \"Finally!\". \"Only One You\" became his ninth No. 1 hit on the Billboard Hot Country Singles chart in February 1982, spending one week atop the chart as part of a 13-week run within the country chart's top 40.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Memories of Ice", "paragraph_text": "Memories of Ice is the third volume of Steven Erikson's epic fantasy series, the \"Malazan Book of the Fallen\". The events of \"Memories of Ice\" begin just after the first book, \"Gardens of the Moon\", and at the same time as the second, \"Deadhouse Gates\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "I'm Not Lisa", "paragraph_text": "``I'm Not Lisa ''is a country music song written and recorded by American country artist Jessi Colter. It was released as a single on January 16, 1975, by Capitol Records.`` I'm Not Lisa'' would become Colter's first major hit as a solo artist.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "My Baby's Got Good Timing", "paragraph_text": "\"My Baby's Got Good Timing\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Dan Seals. It was released in October 1984 as the second single from his album \"San Antone\". It peaked at #2, thus becoming his first top 5 hit. The song was written by Seals and Bob McDill.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "I Can't Stop Loving You", "paragraph_text": "``I Ca n't Stop Loving You ''is a popular song written and composed by country singer, songwriter and musician Don Gibson, who first recorded it on December 30, 1957, for RCA Victor Records. It was released in 1958 as the B - side of`` Oh, Lonesome Me'', becoming a double - sided country hit single. At the time of Gibson's death in 2003, the song had been recorded by more than 700 artists.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "I Like It, I Love It", "paragraph_text": "``I Like It, I Love It ''is a song written by Jeb Stuart Anderson, Steve Dukes, and Mark Hall, and recorded by American country music artist Tim McGraw. It was released in August 1995 as the first single from his album All I Want. The song is McGraw's ninth single overall, and it became his third number - one single on the Hot Country Songs chart.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "List of Juventus F.C. records and statistics", "paragraph_text": "Italy's most successful club of the 20th century and the most successful club in the history of Italian football, Juventus have won the Italian League Championship, the country's premier football club competition and organised by Lega Nazionale Professionisti Serie A (LNPA), a record 34 times and have the record of consecutive triumphs in that tournament (seven, between 2011 -- 12 and 2017 -- 18). They have also won the Coppa Italia, the country's primary cup competition, a record 13 times, becoming the first team to retain the trophy successfully with their triumph in the 1959 -- 60 season, and the first to win it in three consecutive seasons from the 2014 -- 15 season to the 2016 -- 17 season, and went on to win it a fourth consecutive time in 2017 -- 18. In addition, the club holds the joint record with Milan for Supercoppa Italiana wins with seven, the most recent coming in 2015.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "My Honky Tonk History", "paragraph_text": "My Honky Tonk History is the American artist Travis Tritt's ninth album, released on Columbia Records in 2004. It features the singles \"The Girl's Gone Wild\", \"What Say You\" (feat. John Mellencamp), and \"I See Me\", which peaked at #28, #21 and #32 on the Hot Country Songs charts, respectively. The duet was Mellencamp's first Top 40 entry on the country charts.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Heian period", "paragraph_text": "As the Soga clan had taken control of the throne in the sixth century, the Fujiwara by the ninth century had intermarried with the imperial family, and one of their members was the first head of the Emperor's Private Office. Another Fujiwara became regent, Sesshō for his grandson, then a minor emperor, and yet another was appointed Kampaku. Toward the end of the ninth century, several emperors tried, but failed, to check the Fujiwara. For a time, however, during the reign of Emperor Daigo (897-930), the Fujiwara regency was suspended as he ruled directly.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "XOR gate", "paragraph_text": "An XOR gate circuit can be made from four NAND gates. In fact, both NAND and NOR gates are so - called ``universal gates ''and any logical function can be constructed from either NAND logic or NOR logic alone. If the four NAND gates are replaced by NOR gates, this results in an XNOR gate, which can be converted to an XOR gate by inverting the output or one of the inputs (e.g. with a fifth NOR gate). An alternative arrangement is of five NOR gates in a topology that emphasizes the construction of the function from (A + B) ⋅ (\\ displaystyle (A + B)\\ cdot) (A _̄ + B _̄) (\\ displaystyle ((\\ overline (A)) + (\\ overline (B)))) (noting from de Morgan's Law that a NOR gate is, in effect, an inverted - input AND gate). Two possible configurations constructed from NAND gates and two possible configurations constructed from NOR gates are shown below.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Soul of Country Music", "paragraph_text": "Soul of Country Music is the ninth studio album by American country artist, Connie Smith. The album was released in December 1967 on RCA Victor Records and was produced by Bob Ferguson. With no singles spawned from the album, \"Soul of Country Music\" contained cover versions of popular country music songs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "2011 Cricket World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2011 ICC Cricket World Cup (officially known as ICC Cricket World Cup 2011) was the tenth Cricket World Cup. It was played in India, Sri Lanka, and (for the first time) Bangladesh. India won the tournament, defeating Sri Lanka by 6 wickets in the final at Wankhede Stadium in Mumbai, thus becoming the first country to win the Cricket World Cup final on home soil. India's Yuvraj Singh was declared the man of the tournament. This was the first time in World Cup history that two Asian teams had appeared in the final. It was also the first time since the 1992 World Cup that the final match did not feature Australia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Time After Time (1979 film)", "paragraph_text": "Time After Time was filmed throughout San Francisco, including Cow Hollow, North Beach, the Hyatt Regency hotel, California Academy of Sciences in Golden Gate Park, the Marina District, Ghirardelli Square, Fisherman's Wharf, the Richmond District, the Golden Gate Bridge, Grace Cathedral on Nob Hill, the Embarcadero Center, Chinatown, the Marina Green, the Palace of Fine Arts, Potrero Hill, and the Civic Center.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 107374, "question": "Which was the country for The Ninth Gate?", "answer": "France", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 49114, "question": "when did #1 become republic for the first time", "answer": "22 September 1792", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Transocean Air Lines", "paragraph_text": "Transocean Air Lines was an Oakland, California-based airline that operated from 1946 until 1960. The Transocean name was also used in 1989 by another US-based air carrier, TransOcean Airways, which previously operated as Gulf Air Transport.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "005", "paragraph_text": "005 is a 1981 arcade game by Sega. Sega advertised it as the first of their RasterScan Convert-a-Game series, designed so that it could be changed into another game in minutes \"at a substantial savings\". It is one of the first examples of a stealth game. In this \"James Bond-inspired\" game, the player's mission is to take a briefcase of secret documents to a waiting helicopter. The player controls a spy who must avoid the enemies as he makes his way through buildings and warehouses, where he will have to dodge the enemies' flashlights and use boxes as hiding spots.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Laubeuf Fjord", "paragraph_text": "Laubeuf Fjord is a sound in Antarctica, long in a north-south direction and averaging wide, lying between the east-central portion of Adelaide Island and the southern part of Arrowsmith Peninsula, Graham Land. It connects Hanusse Bay to the north with Marguerite Bay to the south. The southern 'border' between Laubeuf Fjord and Marguerite Bay is formed by the line between Rothera Point, Adelaide Island, and Cape Sáenz, which is the southernmost point of the Arrowsmith Peninsula. The fjord was discovered by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1908–10, under Jean-Baptiste Charcot, and named by him for Maxime Laubeuf, a French marine engineer who supervised building the engine for the ship \"Pourquoi-Pas\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Madikwe Game Reserve", "paragraph_text": "The Madikwe Game Reserve is a protected area in South Africa, part of the latest park developments in the country. Named after the Madikwe or Marico River, on whose basin it is located, it was opened in 1991 and comprises 750 km² of bushland north of the small town Groot-Marico up to the Botswana border.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Comparison of American and Canadian football", "paragraph_text": "American teams use eleven players, while Canadian teams have twelve players on the field per side. Both games have the same number of offensive players required at the line of scrimmage, so the twelfth player in the Canadian game plays a backfield position on offence, whereas this is usually a defensive back on defence.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Baikal–Amur Mainline", "paragraph_text": "The BAM was again declared complete in 1991. By then, the total cost to build the line was US $14 billion.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Self-defense (United States)", "paragraph_text": "In the United States, self-defense is an affirmative defense that is used to justify the use of force by one person against another person under specific circumstances.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Megamania", "paragraph_text": "Megamania is an Atari 2600 game designed by Steve Cartwright and published by Activision in 1982. It took six months to develop the concept and another three months to fine-tune the game. It was released for the Atari 5200 and Atari 8-bit family in 1983, ported by Glyn Anderson.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Military Demarcation Line", "paragraph_text": "The Military Demarcation Line (MDL), sometimes referred to as the Armistice Line, is the 154 mile - long land border or demarcation line between North Korea and South Korea. On either side of the line is the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ). The MDL and DMZ were established by the Armistice at the end of the Korean War in 1953.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Packet switching", "paragraph_text": "In the early 1960s, American computer scientist Paul Baran developed the concept Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching with the goal to provide a fault - tolerant, efficient routing method for telecommunication messages as part of a research program at the RAND Corporation, funded by the US Department of Defense. This concept contrasted and contradicted then - established principles of pre-allocation of network bandwidth, largely fortified by the development of telecommunications in the Bell System. The new concept found little resonance among network implementers until the independent work of British computer scientist Donald Davies at the National Physical Laboratory (United Kingdom) in 1965. Davies is credited with coining the modern name packet switching and inspiring numerous packet switching networks in the decade following, including the incorporation of the concept in the early ARPANET in the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Switzerland", "paragraph_text": "In about 260 AD, the fall of the Agri Decumates territory north of the Rhine transformed today's Switzerland into a frontier land of the Empire. Repeated raids by the Alamanni tribes provoked the ruin of the Roman towns and economy, forcing the population to find shelter near Roman fortresses, like the Castrum Rauracense near Augusta Raurica. The Empire built another line of defense at the north border (the so-called Donau-Iller-Rhine-Limes), but at the end of the fourth century the increased Germanic pressure forced the Romans to abandon the linear defence concept, and the Swiss plateau was finally open to the settlement of German tribes.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 11, "title": "American Reunion", "paragraph_text": "American Reunion (also known as American Pie 4: Reunion or American Pie: Reunion in certain countries) is a 2012 American ensemble sex comedy film written and directed by Jon Hurwitz and Hayden Schlossberg. It is the fourth installment in the \"American Pie\" theatrical series.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Lakeland, Baltimore", "paragraph_text": "Lakeland is a neighborhood in south Baltimore, Maryland. Its borders are Annapolis Road on the east, the Baltimore city/county line to the south, a CSX/MARC Railroad line to the west, and the same railroad line to the north.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Pembina River (Manitoba – North Dakota)", "paragraph_text": "The Pembina River is a tributary of the Red River of the North, approximately long, in southern Manitoba in Canada and northeastern North Dakota in the United States. It drains an area (about 8500 square kilometers) of the prairie country along the Canada–US border, threading the Manitoba-North Dakota border eastward to the Red River. Via the Red River, Lake Winnipeg and the Nelson River, it is part of the watershed of Hudson Bay.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Chip an' Dale", "paragraph_text": "Along with another Disney film, \"Pluto's Blue Note\", \"Chip an' Dale\" was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film in 1948. Both ultimately lost to \"Tweetie Pie\", a film by Warner Bros..", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Oldest McDonald's restaurant", "paragraph_text": "The McDonald brothers opened their first restaurant adjacent to the Monrovia Airport in 1937. It was a tiny octagonal building informally called The Airdrome. That octagonal building was later moved to 1398 North E Street in San Bernardino, California, in 1940. It was originally a barbecue drive - in, but the brothers discovered that most of their profits came from hamburgers. In 1948, they closed their restaurant for three months, reopening it in December as a walk - up hamburger stand that sold hamburgers, potato chips, and orange juice; the following year, french fries and Coca - Cola were added to the menu. This simplified menu, and food preparation using assembly line principles, allowed them to sell hamburgers for 15 cents, or about half as much as at a sit - down restaurant. The restaurant was very successful, and the brothers started to franchise the concept in 1953.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Packet switching", "paragraph_text": "Starting in the late 1950s, American computer scientist Paul Baran developed the concept Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching with the goal to provide a fault-tolerant, efficient routing method for telecommunication messages as part of a research program at the RAND Corporation, funded by the US Department of Defense. This concept contrasted and contradicted the theretofore established principles of pre-allocation of network bandwidth, largely fortified by the development of telecommunications in the Bell System. The new concept found little resonance among network implementers until the independent work of Donald Davies at the National Physical Laboratory (United Kingdom) (NPL) in the late 1960s. Davies is credited with coining the modern name packet switching and inspiring numerous packet switching networks in Europe in the decade following, including the incorporation of the concept in the early ARPANET in the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Game pie", "paragraph_text": "Game pies were consumed by the wealthy in the days of the Roman Empire. Wilhelm Adolf Becker states that the emperor Augustus consumed pies that contained chicken, pheasants, pigeon, and duck.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Tongue River (North Dakota)", "paragraph_text": "The Tongue River is a tributary of the Pembina River in northeastern North Dakota in the United States. It drains an area of the prairie country near the Canada–US border in the extreme northeast corner of the state in the watershed of the Red River.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "American Pie (song)", "paragraph_text": "``American Pie ''is a song by American folk rock singer and songwriter Don McLean. Recorded and released on the American Pie album in 1971, the single was a number - one US hit for four weeks in 1972. In the UK, the single reached No. 2 on its original 1972 release and a reissue in 1991 reached No. 12. The song was listed as the No. 5 song on the RIAA project Songs of the Century. A truncated version of the song was covered by Madonna in 2000 and reached No. 1 in several countries, including the United Kingdom, Canada and Australia.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 106197, "question": "Which was the country for Game pie?", "answer": "Roman Empire", "paragraph_support_idx": 17 }, { "id": 22303, "question": "What was the name of the concept used by #1 when building another line of defense at the north border?", "answer": "the linear defence concept", "paragraph_support_idx": 10 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Mount Morris Dam", "paragraph_text": "The Mount Morris Dam is a concrete dam on the Genesee River. It is located south of Rochester, New York in the towns of Leicester and Mount Morris in Livingston County, New York, next to Letchworth State Park.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Natural Dam, Arkansas", "paragraph_text": "Natural Dam is an unincorporated community in Crawford County, Arkansas, United States. Natural Dam is located on Arkansas Highway 59, north-northwest of Cedarville. Natural Dam has a post office with ZIP code 72948. Lee Creek Bridge, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, is located in the community.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Westons Mill Pond", "paragraph_text": "The Westons Mill Pond is a dammed section of the Lawrence Brook located in the Westons Mills section of East Brunswick, New Jersey, United States. It is one of a series of dams on the Lawrence Brook. The Westons Mill Pond Dam is the dam that controls reservoir output. The Westons Mill Pond is available for boating, although gasoline motors are prohibited due to the highly sensitive wildlife ecosystems found there.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Ujjani Dam", "paragraph_text": "Ujjani Dam, also known as Bhima Dam or Bhima Irrigation Project, on the Bhima River, a tributary of the Krishna River, is an earthfill cum Masonry gravity dam located near Ujjani village of Madha Taluk in Solapur district of the state of Maharashtra in India.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Douglas Dam", "paragraph_text": "Douglas Dam is a hydroelectric dam on the French Broad River in Sevier County, Tennessee, in the southeastern United States. The dam is operated by the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), which built the dam in record time in the early 1940s to meet emergency energy demands at the height of World War II. Douglas Dam is a straight reinforced concrete gravity-type dam 1705 feet (520 m) long and 202 feet (62 m) high, impounding the Douglas Lake. The dam was named for Douglas Bluff, a cliff overlooking the dam site prior to construction.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Pickwick Dam, Tennessee", "paragraph_text": "Pickwick Dam (also known as Pickwick Village) is an unincorporated community in Hardin County, Tennessee, United States. Pickwick Dam is located on the Tennessee River south of the Pickwick Landing Dam. Pickwick Dam has a post office with ZIP code 38365.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Fontana Dam, North Carolina", "paragraph_text": "Fontana Dam (also known as Fontana Village) is a town in Graham County, North Carolina, United States. Fontana Dam is located on North Carolina Highway 28 near the Fontana Dam and the Little Tennessee River. The town incorporated in 2011 and has a full-time population of 33.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Kurje Dam", "paragraph_text": "Kurje Dam, also called Dhapcheri Dam, is an earthfill dam on local river named Viroli near Dahanu, Thane district in the state of Maharashtra in India.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Captain Anthony Meldahl Locks and Dam", "paragraph_text": "The Captain Anthony Meldahl Locks and Dam is a non-navigable river control dam with an associated lock, located at mile marker 436 on the Ohio River. It was named for Captain Anthony Meldahl, a river captain.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Shahid Abbaspour Dam", "paragraph_text": "The Shahid Abbaspour Dam (Persian: سد شهید عباسپور), formerly known as Great Reza Shah Dam (Persian: سد رضاشاه کبیر) before 1979 Revolution, is a large arch dam providing hydroelectricity from the Karun River; it is located about northeast of Masjed Soleiman, in the province of Khuzestan, Iran, and originally completed in 1976, and formerly named \"Reza Shah Kabir Dam\". The dam was the first of a series of dams planned for development on the Karun River.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Gibson Station, Virginia", "paragraph_text": "Gibson Station is an unincorporated community in Lee County, Virginia, United States. Gibson Station is located along U.S. Route 58 east of Cumberland Gap.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Enloe Dam and Powerplant", "paragraph_text": "The Enloe Dam, also known as the Similkameen Dam, and its powerplant are located on the Similkameen River about west-northwest of Oroville, Washington. Located just above Similkameen (Coyote) Falls, the concrete arch-gravity dam stands about high, with a crest length of about , built between 1916 and 1923. The dam was named after the president of the Okanogan Valley Power Company, Eugene Enloe. The dam was operated to generate power at its powerplant, located about downstream from the dam. Lacking fish ladders, Enloe Dam blocks fish passage and completely extirpated anadromous fish migration into the upper reaches of the Similkameen River and its tributaries in Canada.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Sol Plaatje Dam", "paragraph_text": "Sol Plaatje Dam (or Saulspoort Dam) is an earth-fill type dam located at the confluence of the As and Liebenbergsvlei Rivers near Bethlehem, Free State, South Africa. It was established in 1968 and serves mainly for municipal and domestic water supply. The hazard potential of the dam has been ranked high. The reservoir receives water from the Lesotho Highlands Water Project via the As River.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Gibson Reservoir", "paragraph_text": "Gibson Reservoir is located just south of the Bob Marshall Wilderness in Montana. The reservoir is formed by the concrete arch Gibson Dam and backs water up between a hilly pass for about 3 miles. The water in the dam is initially provided by spring snow runoff and carried there via the North Fork Sun River and the South Fork Sun River right after the two join. The reservoir is mainly used for irrigation control.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Melnik, Wisconsin", "paragraph_text": "Melnik is an unincorporated community located in the town of Gibson, Manitowoc County, Wisconsin, United States. It consists of a handful of houses and the Melnik Presbyterian Church and attached cemetery.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Coleman Falls, Virginia", "paragraph_text": "Coleman Falls is an unincorporated community in Bedford County, Virginia, United States. Coleman Falls is located along the James River and U.S. Route 501 northwest of Lynchburg. Coleman Falls has a post office with ZIP code 24536. The community was named after a family from the area in 1923. The Coleman Falls Dam is located in the community.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Teton Dam", "paragraph_text": "The Teton Dam was an earthen dam on the Teton River in Idaho, United States. It was built by the Bureau of Reclamation, one of eight federal agencies authorized to construct dams. Located in the eastern part of the state, between Fremont and Madison counties, it suffered a catastrophic failure on June 5, 1976, as it was filling for the first time.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Ellis Island", "paragraph_text": "Ellis Island, in Upper New York Bay, was the gateway for over 12 million immigrants to the United States as the nation's busiest immigrant inspection station for over sixty years from 1892 until 1954. The island was greatly expanded with land reclamation between 1892 and 1934. Before that, the much smaller original island was the site of Fort Gibson and later a naval magazine. The island was made part of the Statue of Liberty National Monument in 1965, and has hosted a museum of immigration since 1990.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Beaver Dam, Wisconsin", "paragraph_text": "Beaver Dam is a city in Dodge County, Wisconsin, United States, along Beaver Dam Lake and the Beaver Dam River. The estimated population was 16,564 in 2016, making it the largest city primarily located in Dodge County. It is the principal city of the Beaver Dam Micropolitan Statistical area. The city is adjacent to the Town of Beaver Dam.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Gibson Dam", "paragraph_text": "Gibson Dam is a concrete arch dam on the Sun River, a tributary of the Missouri River, about west of Great Falls, Montana in the United States. Located on the eastern edge of the Rocky Mountains, the dam was built by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) between 1926 and 1929 as part of the Sun River Project to develop about of irrigated land in the Sun River Valley.", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 131377, "question": "Which state is Gibson Dam located?", "answer": "Montana", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 }, { "id": 39558, "question": "What is the name of the busiest airport in #1 ?", "answer": "Bozeman Yellowstone International Airport", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Greece", "paragraph_text": "Greece is today relatively homogeneous in linguistic terms, with a large majority of the native population using Greek as their first or only language. Among the Greek-speaking population, speakers of the distinctive Pontic dialect came to Greece from Asia Minor after the Greek genocide and constitute a sizable group. The Cappadocian dialect came to Greece due to the genocide as well, but is endangered and is barely spoken now. Indigenous Greek dialects include the archaic Greek spoken by the Sarakatsani, traditionally transhument mountain shepherds of Greek Macedonia and other parts of Northern Greece. The Tsakonian language, a distinct Greek language deriving from Doric Greek instead of Ionic Greek, is still spoken in some villages in the southeastern Peloponnese.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Dialect", "paragraph_text": "The Low German varieties spoken in Germany are often counted among the German dialects. This reflects the modern situation where they are roofed by standard German. This is different from the situation in the Middle Ages when Low German had strong tendencies towards an ausbau language.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Somalis", "paragraph_text": "Somali dialects are divided into three main groups: Northern, Benaadir and Maay. Northern Somali (or Northern-Central Somali) forms the basis for Standard Somali. Benaadir (also known as Coastal Somali) is spoken on the Benadir coast from Adale to south of Merca, including Mogadishu, as well as in the immediate hinterland. The coastal dialects have additional phonemes which do not exist in Standard Somali. Maay is principally spoken by the Digil and Mirifle (Rahanweyn) clans in the southern areas of Somalia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Chukotkan languages", "paragraph_text": "Chukotkan (Chukotian, Chukotic) is a dialect cluster that forms one branch of the Chukotko-Kamchatkan language family. It is spoken in two autonomous regions at the extreme northeast of Russia, bounded on the east by the Pacific and on the north by the Arctic.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Armenian Wikipedia", "paragraph_text": "The Armenian language used is mainly the Eastern Armenian dialect. However, the Armenian Wikipedia is inclusive, and also contains articles of interest in the Western Armenian dialect, which is predominantly spoken in the Armenian Diaspora.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Hokkien", "paragraph_text": "Xiamen dialect, sometimes known as Amoy, is the main dialect spoken in the Chinese city of Xiamen and its surrounding regions of Tong'an and Xiang'an, both of which are now included in the Greater Xiamen area. This dialect developed in the late Ming dynasty when Xiamen was increasingly taking over Quanzhou's position as the main port of trade in southeastern China. Quanzhou traders began travelling southwards to Xiamen to carry on their businesses while Zhangzhou peasants began traveling northwards to Xiamen in search of job opportunities. It is at this time when a need for a common language arose. The Quanzhou and Zhangzhou varieties are similar in many ways (as can be seen from the common place of Henan Luoyang where they originated), but due to differences in accents, communication can be a problem. Quanzhou businessmen considered their speech to be the prestige accent and considered Zhangzhou's to be a village dialect. Over the centuries, dialect leveling occurred and the two speeches mixed to produce the Amoy dialect.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Russian language", "paragraph_text": "Until the 20th century, the language's spoken form was the language of only the upper noble classes and urban population, as Russian peasants from the countryside continued to speak in their own dialects. By the mid-20th century, such dialects were forced out with the introduction of the compulsory education system that was established by the Soviet government. Despite the formalization of Standard Russian, some nonstandard dialectal features (such as fricative [ɣ] in Southern Russian dialects) are still observed in colloquial speech.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Dutch language", "paragraph_text": "Dutch dialects and regional languages are not spoken as often as they used to be. Recent research by Geert Driessen shows that the use of dialects and regional languages among both Dutch adults and youth is in heavy decline. In 1995, 27 percent of the Dutch adult population spoke a dialect or regional language on a regular basis, while in 2011 this was no more than 11 percent. In 1995, 12 percent of the primary school aged children spoke a dialect or regional language, while in 2011 this had declined to 4 percent. Of the three officially recognized regional languages Limburgish is spoken most (in 2011 among adults 54%, among children 31%) and Dutch Low Saxon least (adults 15%, children 1%); Frisian occupies a middle position (adults 44%, children 22%).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Old English", "paragraph_text": "Old English is a West Germanic language, developing out of Ingvaeonic (also known as North Sea Germanic) dialects from the 5th century. It came to be spoken over most of the territory of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms which became the Kingdom of England. This included most of present-day England, as well as part of what is now southeastern Scotland, which for several centuries belonged to the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Northumbria. Other parts of the island – Wales and most of Scotland – continued to use Celtic languages, except in the areas of Scandinavian settlements where Old Norse was spoken. Celtic speech also remained established in certain parts of England: Medieval Cornish was spoken all over Cornwall and in adjacent parts of Devon, while Cumbric survived perhaps to the 12th century in parts of Cumbria, and Welsh may have been spoken on the English side of the Anglo-Welsh border. Norse was also widely spoken in the parts of England which fell under Danish law.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Zhejiang", "paragraph_text": "Zhejiang is mountainous and has therefore fostered the development of many distinct local cultures. Linguistically speaking, Zhejiang is extremely diverse. Most inhabitants of Zhejiang speak Wu, but the Wu dialects are very diverse, especially in the south, where one valley may speak a dialect completely unintelligible to the next valley a few kilometers away. Other varieties of Chinese are spoken as well, mostly along the borders; Mandarin and Huizhou dialects are spoken on the border with Anhui, while Min dialects are spoken on the border with Fujian. (See Hangzhou dialect, Shaoxing dialect, Ningbo dialect, Wenzhou dialect, Taizhou dialect, Jinhua dialect, and Quzhou dialect for more information).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Dutch language", "paragraph_text": "Three Germanic dialects were originally spoken in the Low Countries: Frisian in the north and along the western coast; Saxon in the east (contiguous with the Low German area); and Franconian in the centre and south. It is the Franconian dialects that is designated as Old Dutch, and that would develop in Middle Dutch and later Modern Dutch. The division in these development phases is mostly conventional, since the transition between them was very gradual. One of the few moments linguists can detect somewhat of a revolution is when the Dutch standard language emerged and quickly established itself. The development of the Dutch language is illustrated by the following sentence in Old, Middle and Modern Dutch:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Miami", "paragraph_text": "The Miami area has a unique dialect, (commonly called the \"Miami accent\") which is widely spoken. The dialect developed among second- or third-generation Hispanics, including Cuban-Americans, whose first language was English (though some non-Hispanic white, black, and other races who were born and raised the Miami area tend to adopt it as well.) It is based on a fairly standard American accent but with some changes very similar to dialects in the Mid-Atlantic (especially the New York area dialect, Northern New Jersey English, and New York Latino English.) Unlike Virginia Piedmont, Coastal Southern American, and Northeast American dialects and Florida Cracker dialect (see section below), \"Miami accent\" is rhotic; it also incorporates a rhythm and pronunciation heavily influenced by Spanish (wherein rhythm is syllable-timed). However, this is a native dialect of English, not learner English or interlanguage; it is possible to differentiate this variety from an interlanguage spoken by second-language speakers in that \"Miami accent\" does not generally display the following features: there is no addition of /ɛ/ before initial consonant clusters with /s/, speakers do not confuse of /dʒ/ with /j/, (e.g., Yale with jail), and /r/ and /rr/ are pronounced as alveolar approximant [ɹ] instead of alveolar tap [ɾ] or alveolar trill [r] in Spanish.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Dutch language", "paragraph_text": "In the United States, an almost extinct dialect of Dutch, Jersey Dutch, spoken by descendants of 17th-century Dutch settlers in Bergen and Passaic counties, was still spoken as late as 1921. Other Dutch-based creole languages once spoken in the Americas include Mohawk Dutch (in Albany, New York), Berbice (in Guyana), Skepi (in Essequibo, Guyana) and Negerhollands (in the United States Virgin Islands). Pennsylvania Dutch is not a member of the set of Dutch dialects and is less misleadingly called Pennsylvania German.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Old English", "paragraph_text": "Old English developed from a set of Anglo-Frisian or North Sea Germanic dialects originally spoken by Germanic tribes traditionally known as the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes. As the Anglo-Saxons became dominant in England, their language replaced the languages of Roman Britain: Common Brittonic, a Celtic language, and Latin, brought to Britain by Roman invasion. Old English had four main dialects, associated with particular Anglo-Saxon kingdoms: Mercian, Northumbrian, Kentish and West Saxon. It was West Saxon that formed the basis for the literary standard of the later Old English period, although the dominant forms of Middle and Modern English would develop mainly from Mercian. The speech of eastern and northern parts of England was subject to strong Old Norse influence due to Scandinavian rule and settlement beginning in the 9th century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Wooden Heart", "paragraph_text": "\"Wooden Heart\", created by Fred Wise, Ben Weisman, Kay Twomey and German bandleader Bert Kaempfert, was based on a German folk song by Friedrich Silcher, \"Muss i denn\", originating from the Rems Valley in Württemberg, southwest Germany. \"Wooden Heart\" features several lines from the original folk song, written in the German Swabian dialect, as spoken in Württemberg. Marlene Dietrich recorded a version of the song sometime before 1958, pre-dating Presley, in the original German language, which appears as a B-side on a 1959 version of her single \"Lili Marlene\", released by Philips in association with Columbia Records. The Elvis Presley version was published by Gladys Music, Elvis Presley's publishing company. Bobby Vinton recorded his version in 1975 with those lines translated into Polish.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Dialect", "paragraph_text": "When talking about the German language, the term German dialects is only used for the traditional regional varieties. That allows them to be distinguished from the regional varieties of modern standard German.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Dialect", "paragraph_text": "The extent to which the dialects are spoken varies according to a number of factors: In Northern Germany, dialects are less common than in the South. In cities, dialects are less common than on the countryside. In a public environment, dialects are less common than in a familiar environment.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Oklahoma", "paragraph_text": "The English language has been official in the state of Oklahoma since 2010. The variety of North American English spoken is called Oklahoma English, and this dialect is quite diverse with its uneven blending of features of North Midland, South Midland, and Southern dialects. In 2000, 2,977,187 Oklahomans—92.6% of the resident population five years or older—spoke only English at home, a decrease from 95% in 1990. 238,732 Oklahoma residents reported speaking a language other than English in the 2000 census, about 7.4% of the total population of the state. Spanish is the second most commonly spoken language in the state, with 141,060 speakers counted in 2000. The next most commonly spoken language is Cherokee, with about 22,000 speakers living within the Cherokee Nation tribal jurisdiction area of eastern Oklahoma. Cherokee is an official language in the Cherokee Nation tribal jurisdiction area and in the United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Catalan language", "paragraph_text": "Valencian is classified as a Western dialect, along with the northwestern varieties spoken in Western Catalonia (provinces of Lleida and the western half of Tarragona). The various forms of Catalan and Valencian are mutually intelligible (ranging from 90% to 95%)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Beijing dialect", "paragraph_text": "The Beijing dialect (simplified Chinese: 北京话; traditional Chinese: 北京話; pinyin: Běijīnghuà), also known as Pekingese, is the prestige dialect of Mandarin spoken in the urban area of Beijing, China. It is the phonological basis of Standard Chinese, which is the official language in the People's Republic of China and Republic of China and one of the official languages in Singapore.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 9438, "question": "Where is the Valais located?", "answer": "Switzerland", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 8111, "question": "What dialect of German is spoken in #1 ?", "answer": "Swiss German", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Under-19 Cricket World Cup", "paragraph_text": "Year Host (s) Final venue Result Winner Margin Runner - up 1988 Australia Adelaide Australia 202 / 5 (45.5 overs) Australia won by 5 wickets scorecard Pakistan 201 (49.3 overs) 1998 South Africa Johannesburg England 242 / 3 (46 overs) England won by 7 wickets scorecard New Zealand 241 / 6 (50 overs) 2000 Sri Lanka Colombo India 180 / 4 (40.4 overs) India won by 6 wickets scorecard Sri Lanka 178 (48.1 overs) 2002 New Zealand Lincoln Australia 209 / 3 (45.1 overs) Australia won by 7 wickets scorecard South Africa 206 / 9 (50 overs) Bangladesh Dhaka Pakistan 230 / 9 (50 overs) Pakistan won by 25 runs scorecard West Indies 205 (47.1 overs) 2006 Sri Lanka Colombo Pakistan 109 (41.1 overs) Pakistan won by 38 runs scorecard India 71 (18.5 overs) 2008 Malaysia Puchong India 159 (45.4 overs) India won by 12 runs (D / L) scorecard South Africa 103 / 8 (25 overs) New Zealand Lincoln Australia 207 / 9 (50 overs) Australia won by 25 runs scorecard Pakistan 182 (46.4 overs) 2012 Australia Townsville India 227 / 4 (47.4 overs) India won by 6 wickets scorecard Australia 225 / 8 (50 overs) 2014 UAE Dubai South Africa 134 / 4 (42.1 overs) South Africa won by 6 wickets scorecard Pakistan 131 (44.3 overs) 2016 Bangladesh Dhaka West Indies 146 / 5 (49.3 overs) West Indies won by 5 wickets scorecard India 145 (45.1 overs) 2018 New Zealand Mount Maunganui India 220 / 2 (38.5 overs) India won by 8 wickets scorecard Australia 216 (47.2 overs) 2020 South Africa to be determined 2022 West Indies to be determined", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Australia national rugby union team", "paragraph_text": "Wales toured Australia in 1978, and Australia beat them 18 -- 8 at Ballymore, and then again by two points at the SCG. This was followed by a three match series with the All Blacks. Although New Zealand won the first two, Australia defeated them in the last Test at Eden Park with Greg Cornelsen scoring four tries. The following year Ireland visited Australia and defeated Australia in two Tests. Following this Australia hosted the All Blacks for a single Test at the SCG which Australia won 12 -- 6. Australia then left for Argentina for two Tests. After going down 24 -- 13 in the first, Australia finished the decade by beating Argentina 17 -- 12 in Buenos Aires.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Mungindi Bridge", "paragraph_text": "The Mungindi Bridge is a road bridge over the Barwon River on the Carnarvon Highway on the Queensland/New South Wales border at Mungindi, Australia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Cricket World Cup", "paragraph_text": "Year Host (s) Final venue Result Winner Margin Runner - up Details England London West Indies 291 / 8 (60 overs) West Indies won by 17 runs Scorecard Australia 274 all out (58.4 overs) 1979 Details England London West Indies 286 / 9 (60 overs) West Indies won by 92 runs Scorecard England 194 all out (51 overs) Details England London India 183 all out (54.4 overs) India won by 43 runs Scorecard West Indies 140 all out (52 overs) Details India Pakistan Kolkata Australia 253 / 5 (50 overs) Australia won by 7 runs Scorecard England 246 / 8 (50 overs) 1992 Details Australia New Zealand Melbourne Pakistan 249 / 6 (50 overs) Pakistan won by 22 runs Scorecard England 227 all out (49.2 overs) Details Pakistan India Sri Lanka Lahore Sri Lanka 245 / 3 (46.2 overs) Sri Lanka won by 7 wickets Scorecard Australia 241 / 7 (50 overs) 1999 Details England Scotland Wales Ireland Netherlands London Australia 133 / 2 (20.1 overs) Australia won by 8 wickets Scorecard Pakistan 132 all out (39 overs) 2003 Details South Africa Zimbabwe Kenya Johannesburg Australia 359 / 2 (50 overs) Australia won by 125 runs Scorecard India 234 all out (39.2 overs) 2007 Details West Indies Bridgetown Australia 281 / 4 (38 overs) Australia won by 53 runs (D / L) Scorecard Sri Lanka 215 / 8 (36 overs) 2011 Details India Sri Lanka Bangladesh Mumbai India 277 / 4 (48.2 overs) India won by 6 wickets Scorecard Sri Lanka 274 / 6 (50 overs) 2015 Details Australia New Zealand Melbourne Australia 186 / 3 (33.1 overs) Australia won by 7 wickets Scorecard New Zealand 183 all out (45 overs) 2019 Details England Wales London 2023 Details India Kolkata", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Under-19 Cricket World Cup", "paragraph_text": "Year Host (s) Final venue Result Winner Margin Runner - up 1988 Australia Adelaide Australia 202 / 5 (45.5 overs) Australia won by 5 wickets scorecard Pakistan 201 (49.3 overs) 1998 South Africa Johannesburg England 242 / 3 (46 overs) England won by 7 wickets scorecard New Zealand 241 / 6 (50 overs) 2000 Sri Lanka Colombo India 180 / 4 (40.4 overs) India won by 6 wickets scorecard Sri Lanka 178 (48.1 overs) 2002 New Zealand Lincoln Australia 209 / 3 (45.1 overs) Australia won by 7 wickets scorecard South Africa 206 / 9 (50 overs) Bangladesh Dhaka Pakistan 230 / 9 (50 overs) Pakistan won by 25 runs scorecard West Indies 205 (47.1 overs) 2006 Sri Lanka Colombo Pakistan 109 (41.1 overs) Pakistan won by 38 runs scorecard India 71 (18.5 overs) 2008 Malaysia Puchong India 159 (45.4 overs) India won by 12 runs (D / L) scorecard South Africa 103 / 8 (25 overs) New Zealand Lincoln Australia 207 / 9 (50 overs) Australia won by 25 runs scorecard Pakistan 182 (46.4 overs) 2012 Australia Townsville India 227 / 4 (47.4 overs) India won by 6 wickets scorecard Australia 225 / 8 (50 overs) 2014 UAE Dubai South Africa 134 / 4 (42.1 overs) South Africa won by 6 wickets scorecard Pakistan 131 (44.3 overs) 2016 Bangladesh Dhaka West Indies 146 / 5 (49.3 overs) West Indies won by 5 wickets scorecard India 145 (45.1 overs) 2018 New Zealand Mount Maunganui India 220 / 2 (38.5 overs) India won by 8 wickets scorecard Australia 216 (47.2 overs) 2020 South Africa to be determined", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Disarmament of Libya", "paragraph_text": "In 1968, Libya became signatory of Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), ratified the treaty in 1975, and concluded a safeguards agreement in 1980. Despite its commitment to NPT, there are reports indicating that Muammar Gaddafi of Libya either made unsuccessful attempts to build or entered in an agreement to purchase a nuclear weapon from nuclear - armed nations. In the 1970s -- 80s, Gaddafi made numerous attempts to accelerate and push forward his ambitions for an active nuclear weapons program, using the nuclear black market sources. However, after the end of the Cold War in 1991, Gaddafi sought to resolve its nuclear crises with the United States aiming to uplift the sanctions against Libya, finally agreeing to authorize rolling back Libya's weapons of mass destruction program on December 2003.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Myanmar", "paragraph_text": "The most common way for travellers to enter the country seems to be by air. According to the website Lonely Planet, getting into Myanmar is problematic: \"No bus or train service connects Myanmar with another country, nor can you travel by car or motorcycle across the border – you must walk across.\", and states that, \"It is not possible for foreigners to go to/from Myanmar by sea or river.\" There are a small number of border crossings that allow the passage of private vehicles, such as the border between Ruili (China) to Mu-se, the border between Htee Kee (Myanmar) and Ban Phu Nam Ron (Thailand) (the most direct border between Dawei and Kanchanaburi), and the border between Myawaddy (Myanmar) and Mae Sot (Thailand). At least one tourist company has successfully run commercial overland routes through these borders since 2013. \"From Mae Sai (Thailand) you can cross to Tachileik, but can only go as far as Kengtung. Those in Thailand on a visa run can cross to Kawthaung but cannot venture farther into Myanmar.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Bald Rock National Park", "paragraph_text": "Bald Rock National Park is a national park in northern New South Wales, Australia, just north of Tenterfield on the Queensland border. The border passes over the rock on the Western side. On the other side of the border national park continues as the Girraween National Park.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Tarat, Algeria", "paragraph_text": "Tarat is a village in the commune of Illizi, in Illizi Province, Algeria, located near the border with Libya beside a wadi beneath the eastern edge of the Tassili n'Ajjer mountain range.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Naji Shushan", "paragraph_text": "Naji Shushan (; born January 14, 1981 in Tripoli, Libya) is a Libyan football defender currently playing for Alahly. He was a member of the Libya national football team.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Murray-Sunset National Park", "paragraph_text": "The Murray-Sunset National Park is the second largest national park in Victoria, Australia, located in the Mallee district in the northwestern corner of the state, bordering South Australia. The national park is situated approximately northwest of Melbourne and was proclaimed on . It is in the northwestern corner of the state, bordering South Australia to the west and the Murray River to the north. The Sturt Highway passes through the northern part of the park, but most of the park is in the remote area between the Sturt Highway and the Mallee Highway, west of the Calder Highway.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Al Jawf, Libya", "paragraph_text": "Al Jawf (Arabic: الجوف‎ Al Ğawf) is a town in southeastern Libya, the capital of the Kufra district in Libya.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Seven Hills, Queensland", "paragraph_text": "Seven Hills is a suburb of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It is located east of the CBD, and borders Camp Hill, Carina, Morningside, and Norman Park.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Muammar Gaddafi", "paragraph_text": "In 1977, Gaddafi dissolved the Republic and created a new socialist state, the Jamahiriya (\"state of the masses\"). Officially adopting a symbolic role in governance, he retained power as military commander-in-chief and head of the Revolutionary Committees responsible for policing and suppressing opponents. Overseeing unsuccessful border conflicts with Egypt and Chad, Gaddafi's support for foreign militants and alleged responsibility for the Lockerbie bombing led to Libya's label of \"international pariah\". A particularly hostile relationship developed with the United States and United Kingdom, resulting in the 1986 U.S. bombing of Libya and United Nations-imposed economic sanctions. Rejecting his earlier ideological commitments, from 1999 Gaddafi encouraged economic privatization and sought rapprochement with Western nations, also embracing Pan-Africanism and helping to establish the African Union. Amid the Arab Spring, in 2011 an anti-Gaddafist uprising led by the National Transitional Council (NTC) broke out, resulting in the Libyan Civil War. NATO intervened militarily on the side of the NTC, bringing about the government's downfall. Retreating to Sirte, Gaddafi was captured and killed by NTC militants.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Italian Tripolitania", "paragraph_text": "Italian Tripolitania was an Italian colony, located in present-day western Libya, that existed from 1911 to 1934. It was part of the territory conquered from the Ottoman Empire after the Italo-Turkish War in 1911. Italian Tripolitania included the western northern half of Libya, with Tripoli as its main city. In 1934, it was unified with Cyrenaica in the colony of Italian Libya.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Muammar Gaddafi", "paragraph_text": "From childhood, Gaddafi was aware of the involvement of European colonialists in Libya; his nation was occupied by Italy, and during the North African Campaign of World War II it witnessed conflict between Italian and British troops. According to later claims, Gaddafi's paternal grandfather, Abdessalam Bouminyar, was killed by the Italian Army during the Italian invasion of 1911. At World War II's end in 1945, Libya was occupied by British and French forces. Although Britain and France intended on dividing the nation between their empires, the General Assembly of the United Nations (UN) declared that the country be granted political independence. In 1951, the UN created the United Kingdom of Libya, a federal state under the leadership of a pro-western monarch, Idris, who banned political parties and established an absolute monarchy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Muammar Gaddafi", "paragraph_text": "With preceding legal institutions abolished, Gaddafi envisioned the Jamahiriya as following the Qur'an for legal guidance, adopting sharia law; he proclaimed \"man-made\" laws unnatural and dictatorial, only permitting Allah's law. Within a year he was backtracking, announcing that sharia was inappropriate for the Jamahiriya because it guaranteed the protection of private property, contravening The Green Book's socialism. His emphasis on placing his own work on a par with the Qur'an led conservative clerics to accuse him of shirk, furthering their opposition to his regime. In July, a border war broke out with Egypt, in which the Egyptians defeated Libya despite their technological inferiority. The conflict lasted one week before both sides agreed to sign a peace treaty that was brokered by several Arab states. That year, Gaddafi was invited to Moscow by the Soviet government in recognition of their increasing commercial relationship.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 17, "title": "New South Wales", "paragraph_text": "New South Wales (abbreviated as NSW) is a state on the east coast of Australia. It borders Queensland to the north, Victoria to the south, and South Australia to the west. Its coast borders the Tasman Sea to the east. The Australian Capital Territory is an enclave within the state. New South Wales' state capital is Sydney, which is also Australia's most populous city. In March 2017, the population of New South Wales was over 7.8 million, making it Australia's most populous state. Just under two - thirds of the state's population, five million, live in the Greater Sydney area. Inhabitants of New South Wales are referred to as New South Welshmen.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Abu Sufian bin Qumu", "paragraph_text": "Bin Qumu was transferred to Libya on 28 September 2007. In 2011, he was the leader of a band of fighters in his hometown of Derna during the 2011 Libyan civil war. After the war, he led the militant Islamist group Ansar al-Sharia's Derna branch.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Libya", "paragraph_text": "Libya (; ; ), officially the State of Libya, is a country in the Maghreb region in North Africa, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad to the south, Niger to the southwest, Algeria to the west, and Tunisia to the northwest. The sovereign state is made of three historical regions: Tripolitania, Fezzan and Cyrenaica. With an area of almost , Libya is the fourth largest country in Africa, and is the 16th largest country in the world. Libya has the 10th-largest proven oil reserves of any country in the world. The largest city and capital, Tripoli, is located in western Libya and contains over one million of Libya's six million people. The second-largest city is Benghazi, which is located in eastern Libya.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 31753, "question": "Who won a border war with Libya?", "answer": "Egypt", "paragraph_support_idx": 16 }, { "id": 57175, "question": "when did australia go to #1 in ww1", "answer": "November 1914", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Alles außer Sex", "paragraph_text": "Alles außer Sex (Sex & More) is a German comedy drama television series which aired on the TV station ProSieben between 2005 and 2006. The German television premiered on 9 November 2005 with an audience of 2.9 million viewers. Thematically, it is similar to the American television series \"Sex and the City\" and the British series \"Coupling\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Freak Talks About Sex", "paragraph_text": "Freak Talks About Sex, released for home video as Blowin' Smoke (its working title was \"Syracuse Muse\"), is a 1999 film starring Steve Zahn and Josh Hamilton. The movie was shot in Auburn and Syracuse, New York. It deals with issues such as love, sex, life after college, and living in a medium-sized city, in this case Syracuse.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "New York City", "paragraph_text": "The iconic New York City Subway system is the largest rapid transit system in the world when measured by stations in operation, with 469, and by length of routes. New York's subway is notable for nearly the entire system remaining open 24 hours a day, in contrast to the overnight shutdown common to systems in most cities, including Hong Kong, London, Paris, Seoul, and Tokyo. The New York City Subway is also the busiest metropolitan rail transit system in the Western Hemisphere, with 1.75 billion passengers rides in 2014, while Grand Central Terminal, also popularly referred to as \"Grand Central Station\", is the world's largest railway station by number of train platforms.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Kristin Davis", "paragraph_text": "Kristin Landen Davis (also listed as Kristin Lee Davis; born February 23, 1965) is an American actress. She is known for playing Brooke Armstrong on the soap opera Melrose Place (1995 -- 1996), and Charlotte York Goldenblatt on HBO's Sex and the City (1998 -- 2004). She received a 2004 Emmy Award nomination for her role as Charlotte, and reprised the role in the films Sex and the City (2008) and Sex and the City 2 (2010).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "I Knew I Loved You", "paragraph_text": "The music video was filmed by director Kevin Bray in August 1999 on a New York City Subway set that had previously been used on the sitcom Seinfeld. It features Hayes playing out a romantic plot on a subway train, with a female passenger (played by American actress Kirsten Dunst) as the object of his affections.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "New York City", "paragraph_text": "In 1898, the modern City of New York was formed with the consolidation of Brooklyn (until then a separate city), the County of New York (which then included parts of the Bronx), the County of Richmond, and the western portion of the County of Queens. The opening of the subway in 1904, first built as separate private systems, helped bind the new city together. Throughout the first half of the 20th century, the city became a world center for industry, commerce, and communication.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Chris Noth", "paragraph_text": "Christopher David Noth (/ noʊθ / NOHTH; born November 13, 1954) is an American actor. He is known for his television roles as Detective Mike Logan on Law & Order (1990 -- 95), Big on Sex and the City (1998 -- 2004), and Peter Florrick on The Good Wife (2009 -- 16). He reprised his role of Mike Logan on Law & Order: Criminal Intent (2005 -- 08), and reprised his role of Big in the films, Sex and the City (2008) and Sex and the City 2 (2010). He was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor on Television for Sex and the City in 1999 and for The Good Wife in 2010. Chris Noth also studied acting at The Neighborhood Playhouse School of the Theatre in New York City. He also portrayed Pompey the Great, in the 2003 miniseries Julius Caesar.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Sex and the City", "paragraph_text": "The series still airs in syndication worldwide. It spawned two feature films, Sex and the City (2008) and Sex and the City 2 (2010), and a prequel television series commissioned by The CW, The Carrie Diaries (2013 -- 2014).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Santa Monica, California", "paragraph_text": "There were 46,917 households, out of which 7,835 (16.7%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 13,092 (27.9%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 3,510 (7.5%) had a female householder with no husband present, 1,327 (2.8%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 2,867 (6.1%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 416 (0.9%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 22,716 households (48.4%) were made up of individuals and 5,551 (11.8%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.87. There were 17,929 families (38.2% of all households); the average family size was 2.79.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "New York City", "paragraph_text": "Multibillion US$ heavy-rail transit projects under construction in New York City include the Second Avenue Subway, the East Side Access project, and the 7 Subway Extension.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "History of the New York City Subway", "paragraph_text": "The first underground line opened on October 27, 1904, almost 35 years after the opening of the first elevated line in New York City, which became the IRT Ninth Avenue Line. By the time the first subway opened, the lines had been consolidated into two privately owned systems, the Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company (BRT, later Brooklyn -- Manhattan Transit Corporation, BMT) and the Interborough Rapid Transit Company (IRT). Many present lines were built under the Dual Contracts, and after 1913, all lines built for the IRT and most other lines built or improved for the BRT were built by the city and leased to the companies. The first line of the city - owned and operated Independent Subway System (IND) opened in 1932; this system was intended to compete with the private systems and allow some of the elevated railways to be torn down, but kept within the core of the City due to the low amount of startup capital provided to the municipal Board of Transportation, the later MTA, by the state. This required it to be run ``at cost '', necessitating fares up to double the five - cent fare popular at the time.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 11, "title": "School of Sex", "paragraph_text": "School of Sex is an instructional Playboy TV adult reality series hosted by Tera Patrick. It describes various sexual positions and experiences with demonstrations by live actors. The show specifically targets couples, offering information in a way intended to enhance their sex lives.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Willie Garson", "paragraph_text": "William Garson Paszamant (born February 20, 1964) is an American actor. He has appeared in over 75 films, and more than 300 TV episodes. He is known for playing Stanford Blatch on the HBO series Sex and the City and in the related films Sex and the City and Sex and the City 2, and for his role as Mozzie, in the USA Network series White Collar from 2009 to 2014. He appears on Hawaii Five - 0 as Gerard Hirsch.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "New York City Subway", "paragraph_text": "The New York City Subway is a rapid transit system owned by the City of New York and leased to the New York City Transit Authority, a subsidiary agency of the state - run Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA). Opened in 1904, the New York City Subway is one of the world's oldest public transit systems, one of the world's most used metro systems, and the metro system with the most stations. It offers service 24 hours per day on every day of the year, though some routes may operate only part - time.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Sex and the City", "paragraph_text": "Set and filmed in New York City and based on the 1997 book of the same name by Candace Bushnell, the show follows the lives of a group of four women -- three in their mid-thirties and one in her forties -- who, despite their different natures and ever - changing sex lives, remain inseparable and confide in each other. Starring Sarah Jessica Parker (as Carrie Bradshaw), Kim Cattrall (as Samantha Jones), Kristin Davis (as Charlotte York), and Cynthia Nixon (as Miranda Hobbes), the quirky series had multiple continuing storylines that tackled relevant and modern social issues such as sexuality, safe sex, promiscuity, and femininity, while exploring the difference between friendships and romantic relationships. The deliberate omission of the better part of the early lives of the four women was the writers' way of exploring social life -- from sex to relationships -- through each of their four very different, individual perspectives.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Chris Noth", "paragraph_text": "Christopher David Noth (/ noʊθ / NOHTH; born November 13, 1954) is an American actor. He is known for his television roles as Detective Mike Logan on Law & Order (1990 -- 95), Big on Sex and the City (1998 -- 2004), and Peter Florrick on The Good Wife (2009 -- 16). He reprised his role of Mike Logan on Law & Order: Criminal Intent (2005 -- 08), and reprised his role of Big in the films, Sex and the City (2008) and Sex and the City 2 (2010). He was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor on Television for Sex and the City in 1999 and for The Good Wife in 2010. Chris Noth also studied acting at The Neighborhood Playhouse School of the Theatre in New York City.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Diamant premetro station", "paragraph_text": "The Diamant premetro station is a station on the Brussels Metro located in the municipality of Schaerbeek in Brussels, Belgium. It was inaugurated on May 2, 1972. The station is a \"premetro\" station. It is thus not used by conventional subway trains, but by Brussels trams. It is one of four subway stations of the so-called Greater Ring axis built in the 1970s, which runs under the greater ring road. This underground station is currently served by tram routes 7 and 25. It offers a connection with bus routes 12, 21, 28, 29 and 79 at ground level.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Sex Lives", "paragraph_text": "Sex Lives is an adult roommate reality series that aired on Playboy TV. It revolved around the experiences of six female strangers forced to live together and endure erotic challenges in Miami, Florida.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Tremont Street subway", "paragraph_text": "The Tremont Street Subway in Boston's MBTA Subway system is the oldest subway tunnel in North America and the third oldest worldwide to exclusively use electric traction (after the City and South London Railway in 1890, and the Budapest Metro's Line 1 in 1896), opening on September 1, 1897. It was originally built to get streetcar lines off the traffic - clogged streets, instead of as a true rapid transit line. It now forms the central part of the Green Line, connecting Boylston Street to Park Street and Government Center stations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Fresno, California", "paragraph_text": "There were 158,349 households, of which 68,511 (43.3%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 69,284 (43.8%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 30,547 (19.3%) had a female householder with no husband present, 11,698 (7.4%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 12,843 (8.1%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 1,388 (0.9%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 35,064 households (22.1%) were made up of individuals and 12,344 (7.8%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.07. There were 111,529 families (70.4% of all households); the average family size was 3.62.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 92470, "question": "where did they live in sex and the city", "answer": "New York City", "paragraph_support_idx": 14 }, { "id": 90942, "question": "when were the subways built in #1", "answer": "October 27, 1904", "paragraph_support_idx": 10 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "National Defence University of Malaysia", "paragraph_text": "The National Defence University of Malaysia (UPNM; ) is a military university located in Sungai Besi Camp, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The university is Malaysia's first catering to the needs and development of the Malaysian Armed Forces. There are around 2,700 undergraduate students, with over 890 of them Officer Cadets that undergo four to five years of training.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Rhyndarra", "paragraph_text": "Rhyndarra is a heritage-listed residence located at 23 Riverview Place, Yeronga, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. The architect was Andrea Stombuco. It was built from 1888 to 1938. It is also known as No. 2 Women's Hospital, Australian Military Forces 1st Military Hospital, National Service Training Hospital, No. 1 Camp Hospital, and Yeronga Girls' Industrial School. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 7 February 2005.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Nong Samet Refugee Camp", "paragraph_text": "Nong Samet Refugee Camp (, also known as 007, Rithisen or Rithysen), located in Nong Samet Village, Khok Sung District, Sa Kaeo Province, Thailand, was one of the largest refugee camps on the Thai-Cambodian border and served as a power base for the Khmer People's National Liberation Front (KPNLF) until its destruction by the Vietnamese military in late 1984.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Fort Harrison State Park", "paragraph_text": "Fort Harrison, sometimes called Fort Ben, is an Indiana state park located in Lawrence, Indiana, United States, and occupies part of the former site of Fort Benjamin Harrison. The park features a former Citizen's Military Training Camp, Civilian Conservation Corps camp, and World War II prisoner of war camp. There are also picnicking and walking/jogging trails.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Korean People's Army", "paragraph_text": "Korean People's Army 조선인민군 Flag of the Korean People's Army Ground Force is used to represent the entire Korean People's Army. Founded April 25, 1932 Current form February 8, 1948 Service branches Korean People's Army Ground Force Korean People's Army Air Force Korean People's Army Naval Force Strategic Force Special Operation Force Headquarters Pyongyang, North Korea Leadership Supreme Commander Marshal Kim Jong - un Minister of the Armed Forces General No Kwang - chol Chief of the General Staff Vice Marshal Ri Yong - gil Manpower Military age 17 Conscription 18 Available for military service 12,933,972, age 15 - 29 Fit for military service 4,836,567 males, age 15 - 29, 5,230,137 females, age 15 - 29 Reaching military age annually 207,737 males, 204,553 females Active personnel 945,000 (2018) Reserve personnel 5,500,000 (2018) Expenditures Budget $10 Billion (2018) Percent of GDP 25% Related articles Ranks Comparative military ranks of Korea", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Battle of Karameh", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Karameh () was a 15-hour military engagement between the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and combined forces of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and the Jordanian Armed Forces (JAF) in the Jordanian town of Karameh on 21 March 1968, during the War of Attrition. It was planned by Israel as one of two concurrent raids on PLO camps, one in Karameh and one in the distant village of Safi—codenamed Operation Inferno () and Operation Asuta (מבצע אסותא), respectively—but the former turned into a full-scale battle.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "United States Air Force Basic Military Training", "paragraph_text": "United States Air Force Basic Military Training (also known as BMT or boot camp) is an eight - week program of physical and mental training required in order for an individual to become an enlisted Airman in the United States Air Force. It is located at Lackland Air Force Base in San Antonio, Texas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Douglas M. Stone", "paragraph_text": "Douglas M. Stone is a Major General, United States Marine Forces Reserve, Retired. He relinquished in 2008 the position of Deputy Commanding General, Detainee Operations, Multi-National Force-Iraq and Commander, Task Force 134, commanding all detention operations at Camp Cropper, Camp Bucca and Camp Ashraf. He was nominated for Lieutenant General and was to be head of Marine Forces Reserve and Marine Forces North.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "André Lejeune", "paragraph_text": "André Lejeune (4 July 1935 – 9 September 2009) was a French politician and a member of both the National Assembly and then Senate of France.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "North Carolina", "paragraph_text": "Located in Jacksonville, Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, combined with nearby bases Marine Corps Air Station (MCAS) Cherry Point, MCAS New River, Camp Geiger, Camp Johnson, Stone Bay and Courthouse Bay, makes up the largest concentration of Marines and sailors in the world. MCAS Cherry Point is home of the 2nd Marine Aircraft Wing. Located in Goldsboro, Seymour Johnson Air Force Base is home of the 4th Fighter Wing and 916th Air Refueling Wing. One of the busiest air stations in the United States Coast Guard is located at the Coast Guard Air Station in Elizabeth City. Also stationed in North Carolina is the Military Ocean Terminal Sunny Point in Southport.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Soviet Armed Forces", "paragraph_text": "Armed Forces of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Вооружённые Силы Союза Советских Социалистических Республик Vooruzhonnyye Sily Soyuza Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik Founded 15 January 1918 Current form 23 February 1946 Disbanded 25 December 1991 Service branches Soviet Army Soviet Air Forces Soviet Navy Soviet Air Defence Forces Strategic Missile Troops Headquarters Moscow, Russian SFSR Leadership Supreme Commander Joseph Stalin (1941 -- 1953) Mikhail Gorbachev (1990 -- 1991) Minister of Defence Joseph Stalin (1946 -- 1947) Yevgeny Shaposhnikov (1991) Chief of the General Staff Aleksandr Vasilevsky (1946 -- 1948) Vladimir Lobov (1991) Manpower Military age 18 -- 27 Conscription 18 Available for military service 92,345,764 (1991), age 18 -- 27 Active personnel 4,230,920 (1991) Expenditures Budget $300 billion (1990) Percent of GDP 15 - 17% (1989) Related articles History Military history of the Soviet Union Ranks Military ranks of the Soviet Union", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Kathleen L. Martin", "paragraph_text": "Kathleen L. Martin was commissioned an Ensign in May 1973 after graduating from Boston University. Following Officer Indoctrination School in Newport, R.I., she served at Naval Hospital, Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, as a staff nurse and later as a charge nurse in pediatrics. In 1976, she reported to Navy Recruiting District, Philadelphia, as the Medical Programs Officer.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Jacksonville, Florida", "paragraph_text": "Harbor improvements since the late 19th century have made Jacksonville a major military and civilian deep-water port. Its riverine location facilitates two United States Navy bases and the Port of Jacksonville, Florida's third largest seaport. The two US Navy bases, Blount Island Command and the nearby Naval Submarine Base Kings Bay form the third largest military presence in the United States. Significant factors in the local economy include services such as banking, insurance, healthcare and logistics. As with much of Florida, tourism is also important to the Jacksonville area, particularly tourism related to golf. People from Jacksonville may be called \"Jacksonvillians\" or \"Jaxsons\" (also spelled \"Jaxons\").", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Juan Hernández Saravia", "paragraph_text": "Juan Hernández Saravia (24 July 1880 – 3 May 1962) was a high-ranking Spanish military officer of the Republican government forces during the Spanish Civil War.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Majura Training Area", "paragraph_text": "The Majura Training Area (MTA) is a facility belonging to the Australian Department of Defence located to the east of Mount Majura in the Majura district in the Australian Capital Territory, Australia. The MTA is used primarily by the Australian Army for the conduct of field exercises and weapon qualification shoots. The MTA is located near to the Royal Military College, Duntroon and the Australian Defence Force Academy and is frequently used by these training establishments. Accommodation and support on the range is through 'Camp Blake', which consists of headquarters buildings, Q-Store, Mess, Staff accommodation and amenities and trainee accommodation and amenities.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Federal Prison Camp, Nellis", "paragraph_text": "Nellis Prison Camp was a United States federal minimum-security prison, also known as a Federal Prison Camp (FPC), located on Nellis Air Force Base in the state of Nevada. The camp was operational between 1989 and 2006. Notable former inmates include Peter Bacanovic who was convicted along with Martha Stewart of various crimes in the ImClone scandal, and Larry Jay Levine founder of Wall Street Prison Consultants.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Enoch Barton Garey", "paragraph_text": "Enoch Barton Garey (August 7, 1883 – September 24, 1957) was a Maryland native who served as a major in World War I and as a commander in the Maryland State Police force. Garey was also a military expert and author of the book \"The Plattsburg Manual: A Handbook for Federal Training Camps\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Guantanamo Bay detention camp", "paragraph_text": "The Guantanamo Bay detention camp is a United States military prison located within Guantanamo Bay Naval Base, also referred to as Guantánamo or GTMO (/ ˈɡɪtmoʊ /), which is on the coast of Guantánamo Bay in Cuba. Since the inmates have been detained indefinitely without trial and several detainees have alleged torture, the operations of this camp are considered to be a major breach of human rights by Amnesty International.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Kevin P. Chilton", "paragraph_text": "Kevin Patrick \"Chilli\" Chilton (born November 3, 1954) is an American mechanical engineer, and former United States Air Force four-star General and test pilot. His last assignment was as Commander, U.S. Strategic Command from October 3, 2007 to January 28, 2011. Prior to his appointment to general officer ranks, Chilton spent 11 years of his military career as a NASA astronaut. He retired from the Air Force on February 1, 2011, after having achieved the highest rank of any military astronaut. On January 30, 2012, General Chilton was named to the board of directors of Orbital Sciences Corporation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Myanmar", "paragraph_text": "Myanmar's armed forces are known as the Tatmadaw, which numbers 488,000. The Tatmadaw comprises the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force. The country ranked twelfth in the world for its number of active troops in service. The military is very influential in Myanmar, with all top cabinet and ministry posts usually held by military officials. Official figures for military spending are not available. Estimates vary widely because of uncertain exchange rates, but Myanmar's military forces' expenses are high. Myanmar imports most of its weapons from Russia, Ukraine, China and India.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 24685, "question": "Where is Camp Lejeune located?", "answer": "Jacksonville", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 }, { "id": 41391, "question": "What is the ranking of the military forces in #1 ?", "answer": "third largest", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Courts of England and Wales", "paragraph_text": "The Supreme Court is the highest appeal court in almost all cases in England and Wales. Before the Constitutional Reform Act 2005 this role was held by the House of Lords. The Supreme Court is also the highest court of appeal for devolution matters, a role previously held by the Privy Council.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "1971 Swedish Open", "paragraph_text": "The 1971 Swedish Open was a combined men's and women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts held in Båstad, Sweden. The event was classified as a Group C category tournament and was part of the 1971 Grand Prix circuit. It was the 24th edition of the tournament and was held from 5 July through 11 July 1971. Ilie Năstase and Helga Masthoff won the singles titles.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "1994 Toray Pan Pacific Open", "paragraph_text": "The 1994 Toray Pan Pacific Open was a tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Tokyo Metropolitan Gymnasium in Tokyo in Japan that was part of Tier I of the 1994 WTA Tour. It was the 19th edition of the tournament and was held from January 31 through February 6, 1994.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Lion's Cup", "paragraph_text": "The Lion's Cup (named the \"Emeron Cup\" in its first two years) was a WTA Tour tennis tournament held from 1978 until 1985, in Tokyo, Japan. The event was held on indoor hard courts in 1978 and 1979 before moving to indoor carpet courts. Only a singles event was contested.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Nichirei International Championships", "paragraph_text": "The Nichirei International Championships is a defunct WTA Tour affiliated professional women's tennis tournament played from 1990 to 1996. It was held in Tokyo in Japan and was played on indoor carpet courts in 1990 and on outdoor hard courts from 1991 to 1996.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "1998 Bausch & Lomb Championships", "paragraph_text": "The 1998 Bausch & Lomb Championships was a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Amelia Island Plantation on Amelia Island, Florida in the United States that was part of Tier II of the 1998 WTA Tour. The tournament was held from April 6 through April 12, 1998.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "2002 Ordina Open", "paragraph_text": "The 2002 Ordina Open was a tennis tournament played on grass courts in Rosmalen in the Netherlands that was part of the International Series of the 2002 ATP Tour and of Tier III of the 2002 WTA Tour. The tournament was held from June 17 through June 23, 2002.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "2018 Tournament of Nations", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 Tournament of Nations was the second Tournament of Nations, an international women's football tournament, consisting of a series of friendly games. It was held in the United States, from July 26 to August 2, 2018, and featured the same four teams as the previous tournament.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "1995 Open 13", "paragraph_text": "The 1995 Open 13 was a men's Association of Tennis Professionals tennis tournament held in Marseille, France and played on indoor carpet courts. The event was part of the World Series of the 1995 ATP Tour. It was the third edition of the tournament and was held from 6 February to 13 February 1995. Boris Becker won the singles title.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "1989 Copa América", "paragraph_text": "The Copa América 1989 football tournament was hosted by Brazil, from 1 to 16 July. All ten CONMEBOL member nations participated.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "2003 Ordina Open", "paragraph_text": "The 2003 Ordina Open was a tennis tournament played on grass courts in 's-Hertogenbosch in the Netherlands that was part of the International Series of the 2003 ATP Tour and of Tier III of the 2003 WTA Tour. The tournament was held from 16 June until 22 June 2003. Sjeng Schalken and Kim Clijsters won the singles titles.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "1999 Kremlin Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 1999 Kremlin Cup was a tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Olympic Stadium in Moscow in Russia that was part of the International Series of the 1999 ATP Tour and of Tier I of the 1999 WTA Tour. The men's tournament was held from 8 November through 14 November 1998, while the women's tournament was held from 18 October through 24 October 1999. Yevgeny Kafelnikov and Nathalie Tauziat won the singles titles.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Women's Stuttgart Open", "paragraph_text": "The Stuttgart Open, also known by its sponsored name Porsche Tennis Grand Prix, is a women's tennis tournament held in Stuttgart, Germany (until 2005, in Filderstadt, a southern suburb of Stuttgart). Held since 1978, the tournament is the oldest women's indoor tournament in Europe. The event was part of the Tier II category from 1990 until 2008 and as of 2009 has been a Premier tournament on the WTA Tour. The singles champion receives prize money and a Porsche sports car. Until 2008 the tournament was played on hardcourt in autumn. Since 2009 it is played on clay court in spring, as a warm-up tournament to the French Open, making it the first indoor clay court event on the women's tour.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Eckerd Open", "paragraph_text": "The Eckerd Open is a defunct WTA Tour affiliated women's tennis tournament played from 1971 to 1990 in various locations in the Tampa Bay Area, Florida in the United States. It was held in St. Petersburg, Florida from 1971 to 1974, Palm Harbor, Florida in 1977, in Clearwater, Florida in 1978 and in Tampa, Florida from 1979 to 1990. The tournament was played on outdoor hard courts from 1977 to 1986 and on outdoor clay courts from 1971 to 1974 and from 1987 to 1990.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup squads", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 FIFA World Cup was an international football tournament held in Russia from 14 June to 15 July 2018. The 32 national teams involved in the tournament were required to register a squad of 23 players, including three goalkeepers. Only players in these squads were eligible to take part in the tournament.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Virginia Slims of Indianapolis", "paragraph_text": "The Virginia Slims of Indianapolis is a defunct WTA Tour affiliated tennis tournament played from 1972 to 1973 and from 1983 to 1992. It was held in Indianapolis in the United States and played on indoor carpet courts from 1972 to 1973 and from 1983 to 1992. It was played on indoor hard courts from 1986 to 1992.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Supreme court", "paragraph_text": "In Brazil, the Supreme Federal Tribunal (Supremo Tribunal Federal) is the highest court. It is both the constitutional court and the court of last resort in Brazilian law. It only reviews cases that may be unconstitutional or final habeas corpus pleads for criminal cases. It also judges, in original jurisdiction, cases involving members of congress, senators, ministers of state, members of the high courts and the President and Vice-President of the Republic. The Superior Court of Justice (Tribunal Superior de Justiça) reviews State and Federal Circuit courts decisions for civil law and criminal law cases, when dealing with federal law or conflicting rulings. The Superior Labour Tribunal (Tribunal Superior do Trabalho) reviews cases involving labour law. The Superior Electoral Tribunal (Tribunal Superior Eleitoral) is the court of last resort of electoral law, and also oversees general elections. The Superior Military Tribunal (Tribunal Superior Militar) is the highest court in matters of federal military law.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 17, "title": "1995 Tokyo Indoor", "paragraph_text": "The 1995 Tokyo Indoor also known as \"Seiko Super Tennis\" was a tennis tournament played on Indoor Carpet Courts in Tokyo in Japan that was part of the IBM 1995 ATP Tour and was an ATP Championship Series event, today known as the ATP World Tour 500 series. The tournament was held from 9 October through 15 October 1995. Matches were the best of three sets. This was last time the tournament would be held.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "1994 Topper South American Open (tennis)", "paragraph_text": "The 1994 ATP Buenos Aires was an Association of Tennis Professionals tennis tournament held in Buenos Aires, Argentina and played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 23rd edition of the tournament and was held from November 7 to November 14.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "1977 Cincinnati Open", "paragraph_text": "The 1977 Cincinnati Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Coney Island in Cincinnati, Ohio in the United States that was part of the 1977 Colgate-Palmolive Grand Prix. The tournament was held from August 11 through August 18, 1977. Harold Solomon won the singles title.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 159915, "question": "Where was the football tournament held?", "answer": "Brazil,", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 }, { "id": 25092, "question": "What is the highest court in #1 ?", "answer": "Supreme Federal Tribunal (Supremo Tribunal Federal)", "paragraph_support_idx": 16 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Too Gone Too Long", "paragraph_text": "\"Too Gone Too Long\" is a song written by Gene Pistilli, and recorded by American country music artist Randy Travis. It was released in November 1987 as the third single from his album \"Always & Forever\". It peaked at number 1 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks, becoming his fifth number 1 hit in the United States. It also topped the Canadian \"RPM\" country Tracks chart.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Spain in the Eurovision Song Contest 1961", "paragraph_text": "Spain took part in the Eurovision Song Contest for the first time in 1961. The country was represented by Conchita Bautista with the song \"Estando Contigo\", written by Antonio Guijarro and Augusto Algueró. The song was chosen through a national final.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "1959 International Cross Country Championships", "paragraph_text": "The 1959 International Cross Country Championships was held in Lisbon, Portugal, at the National Stadium on March 21, 1959. Morocco entered a team for the first time after gaining independence. A report on the event was given in the Glasgow Herald.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Matee Ajavon", "paragraph_text": "Matee Ajavon (born May 7, 1986) is a Liberian American basketball player for the Atlanta Dream of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). A 5'8\" guard, Ajavon was chosen by the Houston Comets as the fifth overall draft pick in the 2008 WNBA Draft.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "National Technological University", "paragraph_text": "The National Technological University (, UTN) is a country-wide national university in Argentina, and considered to be among the top engineering schools in the country. Hosting over 75,000 students, its student body is comparable to Argentina's third-largest university (the National University of La Plata) and exceeded significantly only by the University of Buenos Aires (UBA) (over 300,000 students). It has 29 semi-independent branches of various sizes located all over the country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "The New Country", "paragraph_text": "The New Country () is a Swedish mini TV-series and feature film from 2000, directed by Geir Hansteen Jörgensen and written by Peter Birro and Lukas Moodysson. The mini-series version had a huge audience on national television, SVT and the feature film version won more awards around the world than any other Swedish feature in 2001. Some Swedish newspapers and critics has chosen The New Country as best Swedish TV mini-series ever and it is by many considered the beginning of Swedish \"multicultural\" cinema.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest 2005", "paragraph_text": "Sweden was represented in the Eurovision Song Contest 2005 by Martin Stenmarck with the song \"Las Vegas\". The entrant was chosen through the Swedish national final Melodifestivalen.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Private school", "paragraph_text": "After Malaysia's independence in 1957, the government instructed all schools to surrender their properties and be assimilated into the National School system. This caused an uproar among the Chinese and a compromise was achieved in that the schools would instead become \"National Type\" schools. Under such a system, the government is only in charge of the school curriculum and teaching personnel while the lands still belonged to the schools. While Chinese primary schools were allowed to retain Chinese as the medium of instruction, Chinese secondary schools are required to change into English-medium schools. Over 60 schools converted to become National Type schools.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Guinea-Bissau", "paragraph_text": "Portuguese natives comprise a very small percentage of Guinea-Bissauans. After Guinea-Bissau gained independence, most of the Portuguese nationals left the country. The country has a tiny Chinese population. These include traders and merchants of mixed Portuguese and Chinese ancestry from Macau, a former Asian Portuguese colony.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "2015 FIFA U-20 World Cup", "paragraph_text": "Serbia won the final against Brazil 2 -- 1, becoming the first team representing the country to win a FIFA competition title since their independence from Yugoslavia and the dissolution of Serbia and Montenegro. Yugoslavia previously won the 1987 FIFA World Youth Championship.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Dead Relatives", "paragraph_text": "Dead Relatives is the fifth full-length album by Canadian singer-songwriter Emm Gryner, released in 2000 on her independent label Dead Daisy Records.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "History of Bangladesh", "paragraph_text": "Modern Bangladesh emerged as an independent nation in 1971 after breaking away and achieving independence from Pakistan in the Bangladesh liberation war. The country's borders coincide with the major portion of the ancient and historic region of Bengal in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent, where civilisation dates back over four millennia, to the Chalcolithic. The history of the region is closely intertwined with the history of Bengal and the history of India.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Max Weinhold", "paragraph_text": "Max Weinhold (born April 30, 1982 in Munich) is a field hockey player from Germany who plays in goal. He was a member of the Men's National Team that won the gold medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics. He was also chosen to represent his country in the London 2012 Summer Olympic Games where Germany again won gold.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Joyce Summers", "paragraph_text": "The premise of the series is that Buffy is the latest Slayer, a young woman endowed by mystical forces with superhuman powers to fight and defeat vampires, demons, and other evil forces in the fictional town of Sunnydale. Like every Slayer before her, she was chosen and informed of her destiny when she was 15 years old. Her mother is unaware of her daughter's powers and responsibilities until Buffy is forced to tell her at the end of the second season of the television series. Although Joyce is shocked at this revelation, she recovers quickly and remains a source of stability for Buffy and Buffy's small circle of friends who assist her, dubbed the Scooby Gang. Eventually Joyce is able to take Buffy's dangerous demon - fighting in stride and even become proud and respectful of her daughter's abilities. Her natural death from an illness in the fifth season forces Buffy to face becoming an adult.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Ten Canoes", "paragraph_text": "In October 2006 \"Ten Canoes\" was chosen as Australia's official entry into the Best Foreign Language Film category for the 2007 Academy Awards, thus becoming the third Australian film to be considered for the award. following \"Floating Life\" in 1996 and \"La Spagnola\" in 2001.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Costa Rica", "paragraph_text": "Costa Rica was sparsely inhabited by indigenous people before coming under Spanish rule in the 16th century. It remained a peripheral colony of the empire until independence as part of the short - lived First Mexican Empire, followed by membership in the United Provinces of Central America, from which it formally declared independence in 1847. Since then, Costa Rica has remained among the most stable, prosperous, and progressive nations in Latin America. Following the brief Costa Rican Civil War, it permanently abolished its army in 1949, becoming one of only a few sovereign nations without a standing army.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Automotive industry", "paragraph_text": "Around the world, there were about 806 million cars and light trucks on the road in 2007, consuming over 980 billion litres (980,000,000 m3) of gasoline and diesel fuel yearly. The automobile is a primary mode of transportation for many developed economies. The Detroit branch of Boston Consulting Group predicted that, by 2014, one-third of world demand would be in the four BRIC markets (Brazil, Russia, India and China). Meanwhile, in the developed countries, the automotive industry has slowed down. It is also expected that this trend will continue, especially as the younger generations of people (in highly urbanized countries) no longer want to own a car anymore, and prefer other modes of transport. Other potentially powerful automotive markets are Iran and Indonesia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Ching Maou Wei", "paragraph_text": "Maou Wei was chosen as American Samoa's flag bearer during the 2012 Summer Olympics Parade of Nations at the Opening Ceremony.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "7th BRICS summit", "paragraph_text": "7th BRICS Summit VII саммит БРИКС Host country Russia Date 8 -- 9 July 2015 Cities Ufa, Bashkortostan Participants BRICS Follows 6th BRICS summit Precedes 8th BRICS summit Website en.brics2015.ru", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "1986 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 1986 FIFA World Cup, the 13th FIFA World Cup, was held in Mexico from 31 May to 29 June 1986. The tournament was the second to feature a 24-team format. With European nations not allowed to host after the previous World Cup in Spain, Colombia had been originally chosen to host the competition by FIFA but, largely due to economic reasons, was not able to do so and officially resigned in 1982. Mexico was selected as the new host in May 1983, thus becoming the first country to host the World Cup more than once. This was the third FIFA World Cup tournament in succession that was hosted by a Spanish-speaking country, after Argentina 1978, and Spain 1982.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 58747, "question": "who has been chosen as the fifth country of brics", "answer": "South Africa", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 79647, "question": "when did #1 become an independent nation", "answer": "1961", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Greece", "paragraph_text": "Greek citizens who are Roman Catholic are estimated to be at around 50,000 with the Roman Catholic immigrant community in the country approximately 200,000. Old Calendarists account for 500,000 followers. Protestants, including Greek Evangelical Church and Free Evangelical Churches, stand at about 30,000. Assemblies of God, International Church of the Foursquare Gospel and other Pentecostal churches of the Greek Synod of Apostolic Church have 12,000 members. Independent Free Apostolic Church of Pentecost is the biggest Protestant denomination in Greece with 120 churches. There are not official statistics about Free Apostolic Church of Pentecost, but the Orthodox Church estimates the followers as 20,000. The Jehovah's Witnesses report having 28,874 active members. In recent years there has been a small-scale revival of the ancient Greek religion, with estimates of 2,000 people active practitioners, and 100,000 \"sympathisers\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Athanasius of Alexandria", "paragraph_text": "Nonetheless, within a few years of his death, Gregory of Nazianzus called him the \"Pillar of the Church\". His writings were well regarded by all Church fathers who followed, in both the West and the East, who noted their rich devotion to the Word-become-man, great pastoral concern, and profound interest in monasticism. Athanasius is counted as one of the four great Eastern Doctors of the Church in the Roman Catholic Church. In the Eastern Orthodox Church, he is labeled the \"Father of Orthodoxy\". Some Protestants label him \"Father of the Canon\". Athanasius is venerated as a Christian saint, whose feast day is 2 May in Western Christianity, 15 May in the Coptic Orthodox Church, and 18 January in the other Eastern Orthodox Churches. He is venerated by the Oriental and Eastern Orthodox Churches, the Roman Catholic Church, the Lutherans, and the Anglican Communion.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "East–West Schism", "paragraph_text": "In 476, when the last emperor of the western part of the Roman Empire was deposed and the western imperial insignia were sent to Constantinople, there was once again a single Roman Emperor. However, he had little power in the West, which was ruled almost entirely by various Germanic tribes. In the opinion of Randall R. Cloud, the permanent separation of the Greek East from the Latin West was ``the fundamental reason for the estrangement that soon followed between the Greek and the Latin Christians ''.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Annunciation Greek Orthodox Church", "paragraph_text": "Annunciation Greek Orthodox Church in Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, United States, was designed by architect Frank Lloyd Wright in 1956, and completed in 1961. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The church is one of Wright's last works; construction was completed after his death. The design is informed by traditional Byzantine architectural forms, reinterpreted by Wright to suit the modern context. The church's shallow scalloped dome echoes his Marin County Civic Center.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Egypt", "paragraph_text": "Of the Christian minority in Egypt over 90% belong to the native Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria, an Oriental Orthodox Christian Church. Other native Egyptian Christians are adherents of the Coptic Catholic Church, the Evangelical Church of Egypt and various other Protestant denominations. Non-native Christian communities are largely found in the urban regions of Cairo and Alexandria, such as the Syro-Lebanese, who belong to Greek Catholic, Greek Orthodox, and Maronite Catholic denominations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Religion in Israel", "paragraph_text": "Religion in Israel is a central feature of the country and plays a major role in shaping Israeli culture and lifestyle. Religion has played a central role in Israel's history. Israel is also the only country in the world where a majority of citizens are Jewish. According to the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics, the population in 2011 was 75.4% Jewish, 20.6% Arab, and 4.1% minority groups. The religious affiliation of the Israeli population as of 2019 was 74.2% Jewish, 17.8% Muslim, 2.0% Christian, and 1.6% Druze, with the remaining 4.4% including faiths such as Samaritanism and Baha'iism, and irreligious people with no faith.Israel does not have a constitution. While the Basic Laws of Israel that serve in place of a constitution define the country as a \"Jewish state\", these Basic Laws, coupled with Knesset statutes, decisions of the Supreme Court of Israel, and various elements of the common law current in Israel, offer some protection for free practice of religion in the country. Pew Research Center has identified Israel as one of the countries that places \"high\" restrictions on religion, and there have been limits placed on non-Orthodox streams of Judaism. Legal accommodation of the non-Jewish communities follows the pattern and practice of the Ottoman and British administrations, with some important modifications. Israeli law officially recognizes five religions, all belonging to the Abrahamic family of religions: Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Druzeism, and the Bahá'í Faith. Furthermore, the law formally recognizes ten separate sects of Christianity: the Roman, Armenian, Maronite, Greek, Syriac, and Chaldean Catholic Churches; the Eastern Orthodox Greek Orthodox Church; the Oriental Orthodox Syriac Orthodox Church; the Armenian Apostolic Church; and Anglicanism.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Orthodox Church of the Holy Spirit, Vilnius", "paragraph_text": "The Orthodox Church of the Holy Spirit is a Russian Orthodox church in Vilnius, capital of Lithuania, rebuilt 1749–1753 in the Vilnian Baroque style. It should not be confused with the Roman Catholic Church of the Holy Spirit in Vilnius.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Canon law", "paragraph_text": "The Greek-speaking Orthodox have collected canons and commentaries upon them in a work known as the Pēdálion (Greek: Πηδάλιον, \"Rudder\"), so named because it is meant to \"steer\" the Church. The Orthodox Christian tradition in general treats its canons more as guidelines than as laws, the bishops adjusting them to cultural and other local circumstances. Some Orthodox canon scholars point out that, had the Ecumenical Councils (which deliberated in Greek) meant for the canons to be used as laws, they would have called them nómoi/νόμοι (laws) rather than kanónes/κανόνες (rules), but almost all Orthodox conform to them. The dogmatic decisions of the Councils, though, are to be obeyed rather than to be treated as guidelines, since they are essential for the Church's unity.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Daniel (Nushiro)", "paragraph_text": "Metropolitan is a Japanese clergyman and monk of the Japanese Orthodox Church. He has been the primate of the Japanese Orthodox Church since 2000, by virtue of the office of the Archbishop of Tokyo. He is thus the spiritual leader of almost 30,000 Japanese Orthodox Christians.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "World Council of Churches", "paragraph_text": "The World Council of Churches (WCC) is a worldwide inter-church organization founded in 1948. Its members today include the Assyrian Church of the East, the Oriental Orthodox Churches, most jurisdictions of the Eastern Orthodox Church, the Old Catholic Church, Anglican Communion, most mainline Protestant churches (such as the Lutheran, Mennonite, Methodist, Moravian and Reformed) and some evangelical Protestant churches (such as the Baptist and Pentecostal). Notably, the Roman Catholic Church is not a member, although it sends accredited observers to meetings. The WCC arose out of the ecumenical movement and has as its basis the following statement:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Church of Greece", "paragraph_text": "The Church of Greece (, \"Ekklisía tis Elládos\" ), part of the wider Greek Orthodox Church, is one of the autocephalous churches which make up the communion of Orthodox Christianity. Its canonical territory is confined to the borders of Greece prior to the Balkan Wars of 1912–1913 (\"Old Greece\"), with the rest of Greece (the \"New Lands\", Crete, and the Dodecanese) being subject to the jurisdiction of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople. However, most of the dioceses of the Metropolises of the New Lands are \"de facto\" administered as part of the Church of Greece for practical reasons, under an agreement between the churches of Athens and Constantinople. The primate of the Church of Greece is the Archbishop of Athens and All Greece.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Dissolution of the Soviet Union", "paragraph_text": "On October 25–28, 1990, Rukh held its second congress and declared that its principal goal was the \"renewal of independent statehood for Ukraine\". On October 28 UAOC faithful, supported by Ukrainian Catholics, demonstrated near St. Sophia’s Cathedral as newly elected Russian Orthodox Church Patriarch Aleksei and Metropolitan Filaret celebrated liturgy at the shrine. On November 1, the leaders of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church and of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church, respectively, Metropolitan Volodymyr Sterniuk and Patriarch Mstyslav, met in Lviv during anniversary commemorations of the 1918 proclamation of the Western Ukrainian National Republic.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Medieval literature", "paragraph_text": "Since Latin was the language of the Roman Catholic Church, which dominated Western and Central Europe, and since the Church was virtually the only source of education, Latin was a common language for medieval writings, even in some parts of Europe that were never Romanized. However, in Eastern Europe, the influence of the Eastern Roman Empire and the Eastern Orthodox Church made Greek and Old Church Slavonic the dominant written languages.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Saint Joseph", "paragraph_text": "Joseph (Hebrew: יוֹסֵף ‎, translit. Yosef; Greek: Ἰωσήφ, translit. Ioséph) is a figure in the Gospels who was married to Mary, Jesus' mother, and, in the Christian tradition, was Jesus's legal father. Joseph is venerated as Saint Joseph in the Catholic Church, Orthodox Church, Oriental Orthodox Church, Anglican Communion, Lutheranism, and Methodism. Some differing views are due to theological interpretations versus historical views.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "St. Nicholas Orthodox Church and Rectory", "paragraph_text": "St. Nicholas Orthodox Church and Rectory is a historic church at 64-66 Forrester Street in Salem, Massachusetts. Parish now is under Diocese of New England of the Orthodox Church in America.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Estonia", "paragraph_text": "Another major group, inhabitants who follow Eastern Orthodox Christianity, practised chiefly by the Russian minority, and the Russian Orthodox Church is the second largest denomination with 150,000 members. The Estonian Apostolic Orthodox Church, under the Greek-Orthodox Ecumenical Patriarchate, claims another 20,000 members. Thus, the number of adherents of Lutheranism and Orthodoxy, without regard to citizenship or ethnicity, is roughly equal. Refer to the Table below. The Catholics have their Latin Apostolic Administration of Estonia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Religion in Lebanon", "paragraph_text": "Lebanon has several different main religions. The country has the most religiously diverse society of all states within the Middle East, comprising 18 recognized religious sects. The main two religions are Islam (Shia and Sunni) with 54% of followers and Christianity (the Maronite Church, the Greek Orthodox Church, the Melkite Greek Catholic Church, the Protestant Church, the Armenian Apostolic Church) with 40.4% of followers. There is also the Druze minority religion, which under the Lebanese political division (Parliament of Lebanon Seat Allocation) the Druze community is designated as one of the five Lebanese Muslim communities (Sunni, Shia, Druze, Alawi, and Ismaili).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Mitre", "paragraph_text": "The mitre (British English) (/ ˈmaɪtər /; Greek: μίτρα, ``headband ''or`` turban'') or miter (American English; see spelling differences), is a type of headgear now known as the traditional, ceremonial head - dress of bishops and certain abbots in traditional Christianity. Mitres are worn in the Orthodox Church, Roman Catholic Church, as well as in the Anglican Communion, some Lutheran churches, and also bishops and certain other clergy in the Eastern Catholic Churches and the Oriental Orthodox Churches. The Metropolitan of the Malankara Mar Thoma Syrian Church also wears a mitre during important ceremonies such as the Episcopal Consecration.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Greeks", "paragraph_text": "Most Greeks are Christians, belonging to the Greek Orthodox Church. During the first centuries after Jesus Christ, the New Testament was originally written in Koine Greek, which remains the liturgical language of the Greek Orthodox Church, and most of the early Christians and Church Fathers were Greek-speaking. There are small groups of ethnic Greeks adhering to other Christian denominations like Greek Catholics, Greek Evangelicals, Pentecostals, and groups adhering to other religions including Romaniot and Sephardic Jews and Greek Muslims. About 2,000 Greeks are members of Hellenic Polytheistic Reconstructionism congregations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Book of Enoch", "paragraph_text": "By the 4th century, the Book of Enoch was mostly excluded from Christian canons, and it is now regarded as scripture by only the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church and the Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 37232, "question": "The church of Santa Costanza is in what country?", "answer": "Rome", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 67134, "question": "when did the greek orthodox church split from #1", "answer": "476", "paragraph_support_idx": 2 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Ernst Trygger", "paragraph_text": "Ernst Trygger was born on the island of Skeppsholmen in Stockholm, the Swedish capital. His father was military officer Alfred Trygger. Young Ernst made an astonishing career at Uppsala University, where he became Professor of Law in 1889.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "IEEE Ernst Weber Engineering Leadership Recognition", "paragraph_text": "The IEEE Ernst Weber Engineering Leadership Recognition, now called the IEEE Ernst Weber Managerial Leadership Award, was established by the Board of Directors of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 1985. This award is presented \"for exceptional managerial leadership in the fields of interest to the IEEE\". Recipients of this award will receive a certificate and a crystal sculpture.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "The Elephant Celebes", "paragraph_text": "The Elephant Celebes (or short Celebes) is a 1921 painting by the German Dadaist and surrealist Max Ernst. It is among the most famous of Ernst's early surrealist works and \"undoubtedly the first masterpiece of Surrealist painting in the de Chirico tradition.\" It combines the vivid dreamlike atmosphere of Surrealism with the collage aspects of Dada.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Petrus Ramus", "paragraph_text": "Petrus Ramus (; Anglicized to Peter Ramus ; 1515 – 26 August 1572) was an influential French humanist, logician, and educational reformer. A Protestant convert, he was one of the most prominent victims of the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Rosanne Somerson", "paragraph_text": "Rosanne Somerson (born June 21, 1954) is an American-born woodworker, furniture designer/maker, educator, and current President of Rhode Island School of Design (RISD). An artist connected with the early years of the Studio Furniture, her work and career have been influential to the field.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Friedrich Ernst Dorn", "paragraph_text": "Friedrich Ernst Dorn (27 July 1848 – 16 December 1916) was a German physicist who was the first to discover that a radioactive substance, later named radon, is emitted from radium.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Ernst-Happel-Stadion", "paragraph_text": "The Ernst Happel Stadion \"()\" (Praterstadion until 1992, sometimes also called Wiener Stadion) is a football stadium in Leopoldstadt, the 2nd district of Austria's capital Vienna. With 50,865 seats, it is the largest stadium in Austria. It was built between 1929 and 1931 for the second Workers' Olympiad to the design of German architect Otto Ernst Schweizer. The stadium was renamed in honour of Austrian footballer Ernst Happel following his death in 1992. The stadium hosted seven games in UEFA Euro 2008, including the final which saw Spain triumph over Germany.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Ernst Lindenbauer", "paragraph_text": "Ernst Lindenbauer (18 November 1881 Lichtenegg/Wels – 22 April 1961 Vienna) was Chief Rider from 1919 - 1950 at the Spanish Riding School in Vienna.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Max Ernst", "paragraph_text": "Ernst developed a fascination with birds that was prevalent in his work. His alter ego in paintings, which he called Loplop, was a bird. He suggested that this alter-ego was an extension of himself stemming from an early confusion of birds and humans. He said that one night when he was young, he woke up and found that his beloved bird had died; a few minutes later, his father announced that his sister was born. Loplop often appeared in collages of other artists' work, such as \"Loplop presents André Breton\". Ernst drew a great deal of controversy with his 1926 painting \"The Virgin Chastises the infant Jesus before Three Witnesses: André Breton, Paul Éluard, and the Painter\". In 1927, Ernst married and it is thought his relationship with her may have inspired the erotic subject matter of \"The Kiss\" and other works of that year. Ernst appeared in the 1930 film \"L'Âge d'Or\", directed by the Surrealist Luis Buñuel. Ernst began to sculpt in 1934 and spent time with Alberto Giacometti. In 1938, the American heiress and artistic patron Peggy Guggenheim acquired a number of Max Ernst's works, which she displayed in her new gallery in London. Ernst and Peggy Guggenheim were married from 1942 to 1946.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Richard C. Anderson", "paragraph_text": "Richard C. Anderson (born 1934) is an American educational psychologist who has published influential research on children's reading, vocabulary growth, and story discussions that promote thinking. He is the director of the Center for the Study of Reading and professor emeritus at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Anderson is a past president of the American Educational Research Association.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Harvard University", "paragraph_text": "James Bryant Conant (president, 1933–1953) reinvigorated creative scholarship to guarantee its preeminence among research institutions. He saw higher education as a vehicle of opportunity for the talented rather than an entitlement for the wealthy, so Conant devised programs to identify, recruit, and support talented youth. In 1943, he asked the faculty make a definitive statement about what general education ought to be, at the secondary as well as the college level. The resulting Report, published in 1945, was one of the most influential manifestos in the history of American education in the 20th century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Ernst, Prince of Saxe-Meiningen", "paragraph_text": "Ernst, Prince of Saxe-Meiningen (Ernst, Prinz von Sachsen-Meiningen; 27 September 1859 – 29 December 1941) was the head of the house of Saxe-Meiningen from 1928 until his death.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Ernst Badian", "paragraph_text": "Ernst Badian (August 8, 1925 – February 1, 2011) was an Austrian-born classical scholar who served as a professor at Harvard University, United States, from 1971 to 1998.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Trophy, Hypertrophied", "paragraph_text": "Trophy, Hypertrophied (1919) is a work of art by the German dadaist/surrealist Max Ernst. This is one of Ernst’s earliest known works. It was created through a photomechanical process called line-block printing, rarely used in printmaking, to which drawing was added. It depicts a complex mechanical apparatus with celestial shapes as gears. Ernst created a similar piece the same year titled \"Farewell My Beautiful Land of Mary Laurencen. Help! Help!\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Ernst & Young", "paragraph_text": "EY is the result of a series of mergers of ancestor organizations. The oldest originating partnership was founded in 1849 in England as Harding & Pullein. In that year the firm was joined by Frederick Whinney. He was made a partner in 1859 and with his sons in the business, it was renamed Whinney Smith & Whinney in 1894.In 1903, the firm of Ernst & Ernst was established in Cleveland, US by Alwin C. Ernst and his brother Theodore and in 1906, Arthur Young & Co. was set up by the Scotsman Arthur Young in Chicago.As early as 1924, these American firms allied with prominent British firms, Young with Broads Paterson & Co. and Ernst with Whinney Smith & Whinney. In 1979, this led to the formation of Anglo-American Ernst & Whinney, creating the fourth largest accountancy firm in the world.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Marion Talbot", "paragraph_text": "Marion Talbot (July 31, 1858 – October 20, 1948) was Dean of Women at the University of Chicago from 1895 to 1925, and an influential leader in the higher education of women in the United States during the early 20th century. In 1882, while still a student, she co-founded the American Association of University Women with her mentor Ellen Swallow Richards. During her long career at the University of Chicago, Talbot fought tenaciously and often successfully to improve support for women students and faculty, and against efforts to restrict equal access to educational opportunities.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Jim Turley", "paragraph_text": "James S. Turley is an American business executive. He was chairman and chief executive officer of Ernst & Young from 2001 to 2013. He currently serves as the National Chairman of the Boy Scouts of America.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Arthur F. Holmes", "paragraph_text": "Arthur Frank Holmes (March 15, 1924 – October 8, 2011) was an English philosopher who served as Professor of Philosophy at Wheaton College in Illinois from 1951 to 1994. He is remembered for his contribution to Christian higher education in the United States not only by teaching and building the philosophy department at Wheaton, but also by writing influential books and articles about the philosophy of Christian education, participating in the creation of the Society of Christian Philosophers, and encouraging his students to go on for graduate study and become academic leaders in their own rights. Wheaton College President Philip Ryken said \"It would be hard to think of anyone who has had a greater impact on Christian higher education than Arthur Holmes.\" Holmes died in Wheaton, Illinois, on October 8, 2011, at age 87.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Ernst Cincera", "paragraph_text": "Ernst Cincera (14 May 1928 – 30 October 2004) was a Swiss graphic designer, author and politician of the Free Democratic Party (FDP), known for his private intelligence activities against presumed Communist subversion in Switzerland during the Cold War.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Allie Beth Martin", "paragraph_text": "Allie Beth (Dent) Martin (June 28, 1914 – April 11, 1976) was an American librarian, educator, politician, and author. In 1990, she was named one of the 100 most influential people in the field of library science by \"American Libraries\". She was the first director of the Tulsa City-County Library, from 1963 until her death, and was known for her ground-breaking library improvement programs.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 103748, "question": "Where was Ernst Cincera from?", "answer": "Switzerland", "paragraph_support_idx": 18 }, { "id": 31210, "question": "Who from #1 was an influential in education?", "answer": "Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Aigars Apinis", "paragraph_text": "Aigars Apinis (9 June 1973 in Aizkraukle) is a Latvian athlete. He participates in F52 class which means he has limited finger movement and no trunk or leg function. He started to practice in 1998, but already at the 2000 Summer Paralympics he won two bronze medals – in discus throw and shot put. At the 2004 Summer Paralympics he became the Olympic champion in discus throw and was 4th in shot put.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "United States at the Olympics", "paragraph_text": "U.S. athletes have won a total of 2,522 medals (1,022 of them gold) at the Summer Olympic Games, the most of any nation, and another 305 at the Winter Olympic Games, the second most behind Norway. The U.S. has topped the gold medal count (as the medals are listed on the IOC website, and internationally by tradition) at seventeen Summer Olympics, the most of any nation, and one Winter Olympics. The U.S. holds the record both for the most gold and overall medals won in a single Summer Olympics.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Earlene Brown", "paragraph_text": "Earlene Brown (née \"Dennis;\" June 11, 1935 – May 1, 1983) was an American athlete notable for her careers in track and field and roller games. She competed at the 1956, 1960 and 1964 Olympics in the shot put and discus throw and won a bronze medal in the shot put in 1960; she finished fourth in the discus in 1956.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Kyle Pettey", "paragraph_text": "In the 2000 Summer Paralympics Kyle competed in the F35 javelin and won silver medals in the F35 discus and shot put. Four years later competing in the F35 shot and discus he failed to win any medals but in 2008 he won the bronze in the F33-34/52 shot put.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "India at the Olympics", "paragraph_text": "India first participated at the Olympic Games in 1900, with a lone athlete (Norman Pritchard) winning two medals - both silver - in athletics. The nation first sent a team to the Summer Olympic Games in 1920, and has participated in every Summer Games since then. India has also competed at several Winter Olympic Games beginning in 1964. Indian athletes have won a total of 28 medals so far, all at the Summer Games. For a period of time, India national field hockey team was dominant in Olympic competition, winning eleven medals in twelve Olympics between 1920 and 1980. The run included 8 gold medals total and six successive gold medals from 1928 -- 1956", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Laika", "paragraph_text": "Laika In November 1957, Laika became the first animal launched into Earth orbit, paving the way for human spaceflight during the upcoming years. This photograph shows her in a flight harness. Other name (s) Kudryavka Species Canis lupus familiaris Breed Mongrel, possibly part - husky (or part - Samoyed) and part - terrier Sex Female Laika Лайка c. 1954 Moscow, Soviet Union 3 November 1957 (aged 3) Sputnik 2, in Low Earth orbit Years active 1957 Known for First animal to orbit the Earth Owner Soviet space program Weight 5 kg (11 lb)", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Oh Kyo-moon", "paragraph_text": "He won a team silver medal and an individual bronze medal at the 1996 Summer Olympics. Oh also was a member of Korea's gold medal men's archery team at the 2000 Summer Olympics. In the men's individual competition he finished sixth.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Armenia", "paragraph_text": "Prior to 1992, Armenians would participate in the Olympics representing the USSR. As part of the Soviet Union, Armenia was very successful, winning plenty of medals and helping the USSR win the medal standings at the Olympics on numerous occasions. The first medal won by an Armenian in modern Olympic history was by Hrant Shahinyan (sometimes spelled as Grant Shaginyan), who won two golds and two silvers in gymnastics at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki. To highlight the level of success of Armenians in the Olympics, Shahinyan was quoted as saying:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "India at the Olympics", "paragraph_text": "At the 2016 Summer Olympics, a record number of 118 athletes competed. Sakshi Malik became the first Indian woman wrestler to win an Olympic medal with her bronze medal finish in Women's freestyle 58 kg category. Shuttler P.V. Sindhu became the first Indian woman to win a silver medal in Olympics and also the youngest Indian Olympic medallist.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Alisa Camplin", "paragraph_text": "Alisa Peta Camplin (born 10 November 1974) is an Australian aerial skier who won gold at the 2002 Winter Olympics, the second ever winter Olympic gold medal for Australia. At the 2006 Winter Olympics, Camplin finished third to receive a bronze medal. She is the first Australian skier to win medals at consecutive Winter Olympics, making her one of Australia's best skiers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Soviet Union at the Olympics", "paragraph_text": "All Summer and Winter Olympic medals of the Soviet Union and the Russian Empire were inherited by Russia, but not combined together with the medal count of the Russian Federation.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Tiina Ala-aho", "paragraph_text": "Tiina first competed in the 2000 Summer Paralympics where she won the gold medal in the F33-34 shot put. Four years later in the expanded F32-34/52/53 shot put she failed to medal but she did win a bronze in the F33/34/52/53 javelin. She then competed in the javelin again at the 2008 Summer Paralympics but failed to medal.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "India at the Olympics", "paragraph_text": "India first participated at the Olympic Games in the 1900, with a lone athlete (Norman Pritchard) winning two medals - both silver - in athletics. The nation first sent a team to the Summer Olympic Games in 1920, and has participated in every Summer Games since then. India has also competed at several Winter Olympic Games beginning in 1964. Indian athletes have won a total of 28 medals so far, all at the Summer Games. For a period of time, India national field hockey team was dominant in Olympic competition, winning eleven medals in twelve Olympics between 1920 and 1980. The run included 8 gold medals total and six successive gold medals from 1928 -- 1956", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Dog", "paragraph_text": "While all dogs are genetically very similar, natural selection and selective breeding have reinforced certain characteristics in certain populations of dogs, giving rise to dog types and dog breeds. Dog types are broad categories based on function, genetics, or characteristics. Dog breeds are groups of animals that possess a set of inherited characteristics that distinguishes them from other animals within the same species. Modern dog breeds are non-scientific classifications of dogs kept by modern kennel clubs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Germany at the 2018 Winter Olympics", "paragraph_text": "Germany competed at the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea, from 9 to 25 February 2018, with 153 competitors in 14 sports. They won 31 medals in total, 14 gold, 10 silver and 7 bronze, ranking second in the medal table after Norway at the 2018 Winter Olympics. Germany excelled in ice track events (11 medals), biathlon (7 medals), Nordic combined (5 medals) and Ski jumping (4 medals). The men's ice hockey team took a surprise silver medal, having lost a closely contested final to Olympic Athletes from Russia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Czechoslovakia", "paragraph_text": "Věra Čáslavská was an Olympic gold medallist in gymnastics, winning seven gold medals and four silver medals. She represented Czechoslovakia in three consecutive Olympics.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Pakistan at the Olympics", "paragraph_text": "The National Olympic Committee for Pakistan was created in 1948. Rome 1960 has been the most successful Olympics for Pakistan so far, with Pakistan winning two medals: a gold medal in field hockey and a bronze medal in wrestling.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Georgios Tsakanikas", "paragraph_text": "Tsakanikas won a gold medal in the 1959 Mediterranean Games and a bronze medal in the 1959 Summer Universiade in shot out, he also represented Greece in the 1956, 1960 and 1964 Summer Olympic Games in shot put and in 1964 in discus throw. Tsakanikas also competed tor Greece in the Balkan Games winning four silver medals in shot put in 1955, 1957, 1959, 1960, 1961. The Balkan Games have now become a loose collection of Balkan Championships. Tsakanikas personal best in shot put is 18, 21 m. achieved on 26 December 1964 in Athens. He died in Athens, March 1, 2016.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Dogs in Space", "paragraph_text": "\"Dogs in Space\" centers on a group of young music fans sharing a house in the inner Melbourne suburb of Richmond. Sam (Michael Hutchence) and Tim (Nique Needles) are the key members of a band called Dogs in Space, and share a house with a variety of social misfits, including Sam's girlfriend Anna (Saskia Post), a university student called Luchio (Tony Helou) and a transient and apparently nameless teenager known only as The Girl (Deanna Bond).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Yevgeni Podgorny", "paragraph_text": "Yevgeni Anatolyevich Podgorny () (born July 9, 1977 in Novosibirsk) is a former Olympic gymnast who competed for Russia in the two Olympic Games. He won a gold medal in the 1996 and a bronze medal in the 2000 Olympic Games.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 161837, "question": "Who inherited the Olympic medals?", "answer": "Russia", "paragraph_support_idx": 10 }, { "id": 66157, "question": "when did #1 put a dog in space", "answer": "November 1957", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Czech language", "paragraph_text": "Czech, the official language of the Czech Republic (a member of the European Union since 2004), is one of the EU's official languages and the 2012 Eurobarometer survey found that Czech was the foreign language most often used in Slovakia. Economist Jonathan van Parys collected data on language knowledge in Europe for the 2012 European Day of Languages. The five countries with the greatest use of Czech were the Czech Republic (98.77 percent), Slovakia (24.86 percent), Portugal (1.93 percent), Poland (0.98 percent) and Germany (0.47 percent).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Tossal Gros", "paragraph_text": "Tossal Gros de Miramar, or simply Tossal Gros, is a mountain of the Catalan Pre-Coastal Range, Catalonia, Spain. It has an elevation of 866.6 metres above sea level.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Rafel Tona", "paragraph_text": "Rafel Tona (24 June 1903, Barcelona-12 February 1987, Paris) was a Catalan painter. His father was a lawyer and vice-president of the regional government of Catalonia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Catalan language", "paragraph_text": "The word Catalan derives from the territory of Catalonia, itself of disputed etymology. The main theory suggests that Catalunya (Latin Gathia Launia) derives from the name Gothia or Gauthia (\"Land of the Goths\"), since the origins of the Catalan counts, lords and people were found in the March of Gothia, whence Gothland > Gothlandia > Gothalania > Catalonia theoretically derived.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Perejaume", "paragraph_text": "Pere Jaume Borrell i Guinart, known as Perejaume, (born in 1957 in Sant Pol de Mar, Catalonia) is a Catalan contemporary artist.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Catalan language", "paragraph_text": "With the Treaty of the Pyrenees (1659), Spain ceded the northern part of Catalonia to France, and soon thereafter the local Catalan varieties came under the influence of French, which in 1700 became the sole official language of the region.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Catalan language", "paragraph_text": "Catalan dialects are relatively uniform, and are mutually intelligible. They are divided into two blocks, Eastern and Western, differing mostly in pronunciation. The terms \"Catalan\" and \"Valencian\" (respectively used in Catalonia and the Valencian Community) are two different varieties of the same language. There are two institutions regulating the two standard varieties, the Institute of Catalan Studies in Catalonia and the Valencian Academy of the Language in Valencia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Catalan language", "paragraph_text": "Catalan pronouns exhibit T–V distinction, like all other Romance languages (and most European languages, but not Modern English). This feature implies the use of a different set of second person pronouns for formality.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Mató de Pedralbes", "paragraph_text": "Mató de Pedralbes () or mató de monja, is a typical dessert from Barcelona (in Catalonia, Spain) made with flavoured and sweetened milk. The dish is believed to have been created in the nineteenth century, by nuns of the convent in Barcelona's prestigious Pedralbes neighbourhood. It was intended as a richer, finer alternative to the older and popular crema catalana. Despite its name, this dessert bears no relationship to Catalan mató cheese, as \"mató\" ('curd' in Catalan) here refers to the shape and texture of this dessert taken out of the mould.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Catalan language", "paragraph_text": "According to Ethnologue, the lexical similarity between Catalan and other Romance languages is: 87% with Italian; 85% with Portuguese; 80% with Spanish; 76% with Ladin; 75% with Sardinian; and 73% with Romanian.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Quima Jaume i Carbo", "paragraph_text": "Quima Jaume i Carbó (1934–1993) was a Catalan Spanish poet. She was born in Cadaqués, Girona, Catalonia, and graduated from university with a degree in Catalan philology.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Catalan language", "paragraph_text": "According to the Statistical Institute of Catalonia in 2008 the Catalan language is the second most commonly used in Catalonia, after Spanish, as a native or self-defining language. The Generalitat of Catalunya spends part of its annual budget on the promotion of the use of Catalan in Catalonia and in other territories.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Catalan language", "paragraph_text": "Catalan evolved from Vulgar Latin around the eastern Pyrenees in the 9th century. During the Low Middle Ages it saw a golden age as the literary and dominant language of the Crown of Aragon, and was widely used all over the Mediterranean. The union of Aragon with the other territories of Spain in 1479 marked the start of the decline of the language. In 1659 Spain ceded Northern Catalonia to France, and Catalan was banned in both states in the early 18th century. 19th-century Spain saw a Catalan literary revival, which culminated in the 1913 orthographic standardization, and the officialization of the language during the Second Spanish Republic (1931–39). However, the Francoist dictatorship (1939–75) banned the language again.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Josep Vallverdú", "paragraph_text": "Josep Vallverdú i Aixalà (; born 1923 in Lleida) is a Catalan poet, novelist, playwright, linguist and essayist. His narrative \"Rovelló\" served as basis for a TV-series in TV3 (Catalonia). His works, rich in vocabulary, have been widely used in the Catalan classrooms. Vallverdú won in 1982 the National Spanish Prize in Children's Literature.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Cunit", "paragraph_text": "Cunit is a coastal town on the Golden Coast (\"Costa Daurada\" in Catalan) in the Baix Penedès region part of the province of Tarragona in Catalonia, Spain. It is on the northeast coast of Spain on the Mediterranean Sea.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "FC Barcelona", "paragraph_text": "On 16 March 1938, Barcelona came under aerial bombardment from the Italian Air Force, causing more than 3,000 deaths, with one of the bombs hitting the club's offices. A few months later, Catalonia came under occupation and as a symbol of the \"undisciplined\" Catalanism, the club, now down to just 3,486 members, faced a number of restrictions. All signs of regional nationalism, including language, flag and other signs of separatism were banned throughout Spain. The Catalan flag was banned and the club were prohibited from using non-Spanish names. These measures forced the club to change its name to Club de Fútbol Barcelona and to remove the Catalan flag from its crest.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Catalan language", "paragraph_text": "Following the French capture of Algeria (1833), that region saw several waves of Catalan-speaking settlers. People from the Spanish Alacant province settled around Oran, whereas Algiers received immigration from Northern Catalonia and Minorca. Their speech was known as patuet. By 1911, the number of Catalan speakers was around 100,000. After the declaration of independence of Algeria in 1962, almost all the Catalan speakers fled to Northern Catalonia (as Pieds-Noirs) or Alacant.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Castelltallat range", "paragraph_text": "The Castelltallat range (catalan language: Serra de Castelltallat) is located in central Catalonia (Spain) between the counties of Bages and Solsonès, extending over the provinces of Barcelona and Lleida, and occupying an area of about 65 square kilometres. It is one of the isolated hills of the Catalan Central Depression and is located at its southwestern end.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Mola de Colldejou", "paragraph_text": "Mola de Colldejou is a mountain chain in Catalonia, Spain located north of the Serra de Llaberia in the Catalan Pre-Coastal Range.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Catalan language", "paragraph_text": "On the other hand, there are several language shift processes currently taking place. In Northern Catalonia, Catalan has followed the same trend as the other minority languages of France, with most of its native speakers being 60 or older (as of 2004). Catalan is studied as a foreign language by 30% of the primary education students, and by 15% of the secondary. The cultural association La Bressola promotes a network of community-run schools engaged in Catalan language immersion programs.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 6649, "question": "What is the most used language in Catalonia?", "answer": "Spanish", "paragraph_support_idx": 11 }, { "id": 6713, "question": "What is the percent relationship of Catalan to #1 ?", "answer": "80%", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Cabo San Lucas International Airport", "paragraph_text": "Cabo San Lucas International Airport (Spanish: Aeródromo Internacional de Cabo San Lucas) (ICAO: MMSL) is a small international airfield (officially it's an ``aerodrome '') located 4.5 miles (7.2 km) northwest of Cabo San Lucas in Baja California Sur, Mexico.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Cato Falls, Wisconsin", "paragraph_text": "Cato Falls is an unincorporated community located in the town of Cato, Manitowoc County, United States. The community is located just north of the Cato Falls of the Manitowoc River, north of Valders.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Blomsholm", "paragraph_text": "Blomsholm is a mansion and gardens in Bohuslän, Sweden. It is located in the parish of Skee, north of Strömstad. There are several prehistoric tombs near the manor.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Aycrigg Mansion", "paragraph_text": "Aycrigg Mansion, located in Passaic, Passaic County, New Jersey, United States, was the home of John Bancker Aycrigg. The mansion was built in 1848 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 29, 1982.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "George W. Frank House", "paragraph_text": "The George W. Frank House is a historic mansion located in Kearney, Nebraska, United States. The house was built in 1889 by George W. Frank. Since 1971 the property has been owned by Kearney State College, now the University of Nebraska at Kearney. In 1973, the house was placed on the National Register of Historic Places.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Pomona Hall", "paragraph_text": "Pomona Hall is a colonial mansion located at 1900 Park Boulevard and Euclid Avenue, in Camden, Camden County, New Jersey, United States, that operates as a museum by the Camden County Historical Society. The first building on the site was constructed in 1718, while construction of the more substantial mansion house was started in 1726, with later additions made in 1788. It is not known when the house was first called Pomona Hall; but it is marked on Hill's \"Map of Philadelphia and Environs\", published in 1809.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Texas oil boom", "paragraph_text": "Texas oil boom The Lucas gusher at Spindletop, the first major gusher in Texas Date 1901 -- 1940s Location Texas, United States Also known as Gusher Age", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Louis and Ellen Olson House", "paragraph_text": "The Louis and Ellen Olson House, a Craftsman style mansion built in 1903, is located near downtown Enumclaw, Washington, United States. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1984. The mansion is currently a private residence.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Little Missouri Falls", "paragraph_text": "The Little Missouri Falls is a sizable waterfall on the upper reaches of the Little Missouri River in southwest Arkansas in the Ouachita National Forest. It is a stairstep fall in a deep gorge. The falls can be reached by an all-weather gravel road, and there is a parking area with restrooms and a paved trail leading to observation sites. Water flow is greatest during the winter and spring months.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Game of Thrones (season 7)", "paragraph_text": "Filming began on August 31, 2016, at Titanic Studios in Belfast, and ended in February 2017. In an interview with the showrunners, it was announced that the filming of the seventh season would be delayed until later in the year due to necessary weather conditions for filming. The showrunners stated ``We're starting a bit later because, you know, at the end of this season, winter is here, and that means that sunny weather does n't really serve our purposes any more. We kind of pushed everything down the line so we could get some grim, gray weather even in the sunnier places that we shoot. ''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Fall Creek, Illinois", "paragraph_text": "Fall Creek is an unincorporated community in Fall Creek Township, Adams County, Illinois, United States. Fall Creek is located along Interstate 172 southwest of Payson.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Lucas Mansion", "paragraph_text": "The Lucas Mansion, also known as the Hiddenite Center, is a historic home located at Hiddenite, Alexander County, North Carolina. It was built about 1900, and is a three-story, frame Queen Anne style dwelling. It features a two-story wraparound porch. It was enlarged to its present size by 1928. It was owned by James Paul Lucas, a South Carolina native and international diamond merchant.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Sheboygan County Memorial Airport", "paragraph_text": "Sheboygan County Memorial Airport is a county owned public use non-towered airport located in the Town of Sheboygan Falls, three nautical miles (6 km) northwest of the City of Sheboygan, in Sheboygan County, Wisconsin, United States. It is included in the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2019–2023, in which it is categorized as a regional general aviation facility. Sheboygan's National Weather Service observation station is based at the airport.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Balding Avenue Historic District", "paragraph_text": "The Balding Avenue Historic District is located along the street of the same name, between Mansion and Marshall streets, in Poughkeepsie, New York, United States. These four acres (1.6 ha) include 27 houses mostly built in the late 19th century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Falling Rock, West Virginia", "paragraph_text": "Falling Rock is an unincorporated community in Kanawha County, West Virginia, United States. Falling Rock is located at the confluence of Falling Rock Creek with the Elk River southwest of Clendenin along US Route 19. Falling Rock has a post office with ZIP code 25079.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Lucas, Wisconsin", "paragraph_text": "Lucas is a town in Dunn County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 658 at the 2000 census. The unincorporated community of Hatchville is located partially in the town.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Climate of Minnesota", "paragraph_text": "Autumn weather in Minnesota is marked by the rapid decrease of severe thunderstorms, dramatic cooling, and eventually the possibility of blizzards. With summer - time heat still prevalent in the southern U.S. and colder air quickly taking hold in Canada, Minnesota can be affected by wide temperature swings in short periods of time. Because of this, the jet stream, which tends to weaken during the summer months, begins to re-strengthen. This leads to quicker changes in weather patterns and increasingly strong storm systems. As autumn moves on, these storm systems bring with them progressively colder air, eventually changing the rain over snow, generally starting in October in the northern part of the state and November in the south. From September to December the average temperature in the state falls by approximately 43 ° F (23 ° C), the largest such temperature swing within any Minnesota season.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Coleman Falls, Virginia", "paragraph_text": "Coleman Falls is an unincorporated community in Bedford County, Virginia, United States. Coleman Falls is located along the James River and U.S. Route 501 northwest of Lynchburg. Coleman Falls has a post office with ZIP code 24536. The community was named after a family from the area in 1923. The Coleman Falls Dam is located in the community.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Lucas (novel)", "paragraph_text": "Lucas is a 2002 novel by Kevin Brooks about a teenager named Cait who lives on an isolated island off the coast of England and befriends outsider Lucas, eventually falling in love with him only to see the island's prejudices come to life.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Climate of North Carolina", "paragraph_text": "Fall is the most rapidly changing season temperature wise, especially in October and November. Tropical cyclones remain a threat until late in the season. The Appalachian Mountains are frequently visited at this time of year, due to the leaves changing color in the trees.", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 130801, "question": "What state is Lucas Mansion located?", "answer": "North Carolina", "paragraph_support_idx": 11 }, { "id": 57615, "question": "when does fall weather start in #1", "answer": "October and November", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Kung Fu Panda", "paragraph_text": "Kung Fu Panda premiered in the United States on June 6, 2008. The film received positive reviews upon release. Kung Fu Panda opened in 4,114 theaters, grossing $20.3 million on its opening day and $60.2 million on its opening weekend, resulting in the number one position at the box office. The film became DreamWorks' biggest opening for a non-sequel film, the highest grossing animated film of the year worldwide, and also had the fourth - largest opening weekend for a DreamWorks animated film at the American and Canadian box office, behind Shrek 2, Shrek the Third, and Shrek Forever After.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Shrek the Halls", "paragraph_text": "Shrek the Halls is an American Christmas computer-animated comedy television special that premiered on the American television network ABC on Wednesday, November 28, 2007. The thirty minute Christmas special was directed by Gary Trousdale and produced by DreamWorks Animation. Mike Myers, Eddie Murphy, Cameron Diaz and Antonio Banderas reprised their roles from the feature films. This Christmas special takes place between \"Shrek the Third\" and \"Shrek Forever After\". This television special was based on the children's book \"Shrek!\" by the writer William Steig, was published on October 17, 1990.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Shrek!", "paragraph_text": "Shrek! is a picture book published in 1990 by American book writer and cartoonist William Steig, about a repugnant and monstrous green creature who leaves home to see the world and ends up saving a princess. The name \"Shrek\" is the romanization of the Yiddish word שרעק, corresponding to German \"\" and meaning \"fear\" or \"fright\", but also used as a common exclamation, often in the form \"Oy Shrek!\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Holding Out for a Hero", "paragraph_text": "Japanese singer Miki Asakura recorded the song in Japanese as ヒーロー HOLDING OUT FOR A HERO in 1984. Elizabeth Daily recorded the song as the series theme song to the TV series Cover Up. Jennifer Saunders recorded the song for the 2004 film Shrek 2. It was also featured on the associated soundtrack. Frou Frou also recorded an alternatively tuned version of the song for Shrek 2 which appears during the film credits and in the soundtrack. American Post-Hardcore band Emery also did a cover for the 2005 Fearless Records compilation Punk Goes 80's. Ella Mae Bowen recorded a country version of the song which appeared on the soundtrack to the 2011 remake of Footloose.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "I Just Wanna Love U (Give It 2 Me)", "paragraph_text": "\"I Just Wanna Love U (Give It 2 Me)\" is a song by American rapper Jay-Z, released as the first single from his 2000 album \"\". It is produced by The Neptunes and features a chorus sung by Neptunes member Pharrell Williams, as well as Shay Haley and Omillio Sparks who all remain uncredited. The video for the song features cameos from rappers Lil' Kim, Lil' Cease, Damon Dash, Beanie Sigel, Memphis Bleek, Jermaine Dupri and actor John Witherspoon. A music video directed by David Meyers was made for \"I Just Wanna Love U.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Shrek", "paragraph_text": "\"Shrek\" premiered at the 2001 Cannes Film Festival, where it competed for the Palme d'Or, making it the first animated film since Disney's \"Peter Pan\" (1953) to receive that honor. It was widely praised as an animated film that featured adult-oriented humor and themes, while catering to children at the same time. The film was theatrically released in the United States on May 18, 2001, and grossed $484.4 million worldwide against production budget of $60 million. \"Shrek\" won the first ever Academy Award for Best Animated Feature and was also nominated for Best Adapted Screenplay. It also earned six award nominations from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA), ultimately winning Best Adapted Screenplay. The film's success helped establish DreamWorks Animation as a prime competitor to Pixar in feature film computer animation, and three sequels were released—\"Shrek 2\" (2004), \"Shrek the Third\" (2007), and \"Shrek Forever After\" (2010)—along with two holiday specials, a spin-off film, and a stage musical that kickstarted the \"Shrek\" franchise. Although plans for a fifth film were cancelled prior to the fourth film's release, the project was revived in 2016 and has since stalled, with production and a potential release date getting pushed back.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Shrek the Third", "paragraph_text": "Shrek the Third is a 2007 American computer - animated fantasy comedy film and the third installment in the Shrek franchise, produced by DreamWorks Animation. It is the sequel to 2004's Shrek 2, and is the first in the series to be distributed by Paramount Pictures, which acquired DreamWorks Pictures, the former parent of DreamWorks Animation, in 2006. Chris Miller and Raman Hui directed and co-directed the film, respectively, with the former also co-writing the screenplay with Jeffrey Price, Peter S. Seaman, and Aron Warner. In addition to Mike Myers, Eddie Murphy, Cameron Diaz, Antonio Banderas, Rupert Everett, Julie Andrews, and John Cleese, who reprise their roles from Shrek 2, the film also features Justin Timberlake in the role of Arthur Pendragon and Eric Idle as Merlin. Harry Gregson - Williams composed the original music for the film. The story takes place eight months after the marriage of Shrek and Fiona in the first film. Reluctantly reigning over the kingdom of Far, Far Away, Shrek sets out to find the next heir to the throne -- Fiona's cousin Artie, while Prince Charming is plotting to overthrow Shrek and become king.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Kimarley McDonald", "paragraph_text": "Kimarley McDonald (born 2 September 1984) is a Jamaican footballer who last played for Antigua Barracuda FC in the USL Professional Division.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Shrek 2", "paragraph_text": "Shrek 2 is a 2004 American computer - animated fantasy film produced by DreamWorks Animation and directed by Andrew Adamson, Kelly Asbury and Conrad Vernon. It is the sequel to 2001's Shrek, with Mike Myers, Eddie Murphy and Cameron Diaz reprising their respective voice roles of Shrek, Donkey, and Fiona from the first film, joined by Antonio Banderas, Julie Andrews, John Cleese, Rupert Everett, and Jennifer Saunders. Sometime after the first film, Shrek, Donkey and Fiona go to visit Fiona's parents (voiced by Andrews and Cleese), while Shrek and Donkey discover that a greedy Fairy God Mother (voiced by Saunders) is plotting to destroy Shrek and Fiona's marriage so Fiona can marry her son, Prince Charming (voiced by Everett). Shrek and Donkey team up with a swashbuckling cat named Puss in Boots (voiced by Banderas) to stop her.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "I'm Lovin' It (song)", "paragraph_text": "``I'm Lovin 'It ''is a song recorded by American singer - songwriter Justin Timberlake. The song was produced by The Neptunes and is credited as being written by Pharrell Williams, Tom Batoy, Andreas Forberger and Franco Tortora.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Princess Fiona", "paragraph_text": "Princess Fiona is a fictional main character who serves as the female lead in DreamWorks' animated Shrek film series. She made her first appearance in the first film in the franchise, Shrek (2001), voiced by American actress Cameron Diaz.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Steve Karmen", "paragraph_text": "Steve Karmen (born January 31, 1937) is an American composer, most famous for several jingles. Among his better known works are the New York State song, ``I Love New York '', the jingle Here Comes the King for Budweiser, the Hershey's chocolate jingle The Great American Chocolate Bar, the Exxon Song Energy for a Strong America (1976), and Wrigley Spearmint Gum / Carry The Big Fresh Flavor (1973). He also composed several music scores for motion pictures during the 1960s, and performed briefly as a Calypso singer, achieving some recognition in Trinidad during that time. Karmen is the recipient of 16 Clio Awards.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Rest Your Love on Me", "paragraph_text": "``Rest Your Love on Me ''is a country ballad performed by the Bee Gees written and sung by Barry Gibb. It was the B - side of the US No. 1 hit`` Too Much Heaven''.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Dan Demole", "paragraph_text": "Dan Demole (born 1979) is an American entrepreneur, co-founder and COO of Jingle Punks Music. Jingle Punks has been featured in \"Billboard\", Variety and Business Week where it was named \"one of America's most promising start ups\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Shrek (franchise)", "paragraph_text": "The Shrek franchise from DreamWorks Animation, based on William Steig's picture book Shrek!, consists of four computer - animated films including: Shrek (2001), Shrek 2 (2004), Shrek the Third (2007), and Shrek Forever After (2010), with a fifth film planned for a 2019 or 2020 release. A short 4 - D film, Shrek 4 - D, which originally was a theme park ride, was released in 2003.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Too Darn Hot", "paragraph_text": "``Too Darn Hot ''is a song written by Cole Porter for his musical Kiss Me, Kate (1948). In the stage version, it is sung at the start of Act 2, and in the 1948 original Broadway production, it was sung by Lorenzo Fuller (as Paul) and Eddie Sledge and Fred Davis (as the specialty dancers), leading the full company. In the 1953 MGM Hollywood film version, it is moved to a much earlier point, and it is sung by Ann Miller (as Lois Lane, Fred's new girlfriend, who is cast as Bianca). The song does not really contribute to the plot in either the stage or film versions; in the stage version, the song represents the company of The Taming of the Shrew taking a break offstage during the intermission of their play; in the film version it allows the audience to see Lois's fun - loving, risk - taking nature, and gave Ann Miller a chance to show off her dancing skills, specifically tap. The line 'According to the Kinsey report' (in the original stage production) was changed in the film version to 'According to the latest report'. The song has also been covered by many artists.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "See the USA in Your Chevrolet", "paragraph_text": "The song ``See The U.S.A. In Your Chevrolet ''(title as filed for 1950 copyright) is a commercial jingle from c. 1949, with lyrics and music by Leo Corday (ASCAP) and Leon Carr (ASCAP), written for the Chevrolet Division of General Motors. The song was the Chevrolet jingle sung on the show Inside U.S.A. with Chevrolet by Chevrolet's real - life husband - wife duo, Peter Lind Hayes and Mary Healy, years before it became associated with Dinah Shore through Chevrolet's decade - long sponsorship of her television shows. Dinah Shore sang the song after 1952, and it became something of a signature song for her. Later the song was also sung by male spokesman Pat Boone on his Pat Boone - Chevy Showroom (ABC) from 1957 through 1960. When the games of the Los Angeles Dodgers were televised in the 1960s, commercials were aired with the song sung by John Roseboro and Don Drysdale, whose singing careers, announcer Vin Scully said, were`` destined to go absolutely nowhere.''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "As Long as He Needs Me", "paragraph_text": "``As Long as He Needs Me ''is a torch song sung by the character of Nancy in the 1960 musical Oliver! and written by Lionel Bart. Georgia Brown, who was the first actress to play Nancy, introduced the song. It is a love ballad expressing Nancy's love for her criminal boyfriend Bill Sikes despite his mistreatment of her. In the film adaptation of the musical, it was sung by Shani Wallis.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Choi Sung-hyun", "paragraph_text": "Choi Sung-Hyun (; born May 2, 1982) is a South Korean football player. He played for Jeju United, Gwangju Sangmu and Suwon Samsung Bluewings formerly. He related match-fixing scandal and his football career was rescinded.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Melody of Love (TV series)", "paragraph_text": "Melody of Love () is a 2013 South Korean daily drama television series starring Kim Da-som, Baek Sung-hyun, Hwang Sun-hee, Kim Hyung-jun and Kwak Hee-sung. It aired on KBS1 from November 4, 2013 to June 6, 2014 on Mondays to Fridays at 20:20 for 151 episodes.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 71486, "question": "who has sung the mcdonald's jingle i am loving it", "answer": "Justin Timberlake", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 }, { "id": 58828, "question": "who does #1 play in shrek 2", "answer": "Arthur Pendragon", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Protestantism", "paragraph_text": "Following the excommunication of Luther and condemnation of the Reformation by the Pope, the work and writings of John Calvin were influential in establishing a loose consensus among various groups in Switzerland, Scotland, Hungary, Germany and elsewhere. After the expulsion of its Bishop in 1526, and the unsuccessful attempts of the Bern reformer William Farel, Calvin was asked to use the organisational skill he had gathered as a student of law to discipline the \"fallen city\" of Geneva. His Ordinances of 1541 involved a collaboration of Church affairs with the City council and consistory to bring morality to all areas of life. After the establishment of the Geneva academy in 1559, Geneva became the unofficial capital of the Protestant movement, providing refuge for Protestant exiles from all over Europe and educating them as Calvinist missionaries. The faith continued to spread after Calvin's death in 1563.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Ministry of National Education (Turkey)", "paragraph_text": "The Ministry of National Education () is a government ministry of the Republic of Turkey, responsible for the supervision of public and private educational system, agreements and authorizations under a national curriculum. The ministry is headed by .", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Republic Day (Nepal)", "paragraph_text": "Republic Day (Nepali: गणतन्त्र दिवस) is a special day in the history of Nepal that commemorates the inception of the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal on May 29, 2008. The establishment of the republic put an end to civil strife that had lasted for years.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Vyacheslav Prokopovych", "paragraph_text": "Starting in 1905, he was a politician of the Ukrainian Democratic-Radical Party (UDRP), established in Kiev. At the end of World War I, he was a member of the Ukrainian Party of Socialists-Federalists (UPSF) and Central Rada. In 1918, he served as the minister of education in a cabinet of Ukrainian People's Republic (UNR), headed by Vsevolod Holubovych. On 26 May 1920, Viacheslav Prokopovych became the prime minister of the UNR until October 14, 1920.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Temperance movement in the United States", "paragraph_text": "In 1873, the WCTU established a Department of Scientific Temperance Instruction in Schools and Colleges, with Mary Hunt as National Superintendent. The WCTU was an influential organization with a membership of 120,000 by 1879. Frances Willard led the group under the motto ``Do Everything ''to protect women and children. Some of the changes the WCTU sought included property and custody rights for women, women's suffrage, raising the age of consensual sex, peace arbitration, women's education, and advocacy for working rights of women.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy", "paragraph_text": "Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy Established under the aegis of the Al-Ameen Educational Society in 1983. Al-Ameen Educational Society is one of the biggest minority education society in India established in the year 1966. Dr.Mumtaz Ahmed Khan is the founder of the Society. It was started to meet the needs of education in the city and of minority Muslim community.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Republic of Formosa", "paragraph_text": "The Republic of Formosa (), was a short-lived republic that existed on the island of Taiwan in 1895 between the formal cession of Taiwan by the Qing Dynasty of China to the Empire of Japan by the Treaty of Shimonoseki and its being taken over by Japanese troops. The Republic was proclaimed on 23 May 1895 and extinguished on 21 October, when the Republican capital Tainan was taken over by the Japanese. Though sometimes claimed as the first Asian republic to have been proclaimed, it was predated by the Lanfang Republic in Borneo, established in 1777, as well as by the Republic of Ezo in Japan, established in 1869.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Petrus Ramus", "paragraph_text": "Petrus Ramus (; Anglicized to Peter Ramus ; 1515 – 26 August 1572) was an influential French humanist, logician, and educational reformer. A Protestant convert, he was one of the most prominent victims of the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "National College, Tiruchirappalli", "paragraph_text": "The National College is an institution for higher education at Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu, India. Established in 1919, the college provides education to economically and socially deprived students.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Democratic Republic of Georgia", "paragraph_text": "The Democratic Republic of Georgia (DRG; \"\") existed from May 1918 to February 1921 and was the first modern establishment of a Republic of Georgia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Switzerland", "paragraph_text": "When war broke out between France and its rivals, Russian and Austrian forces invaded Switzerland. The Swiss refused to fight alongside the French in the name of the Helvetic Republic. In 1803 Napoleon organised a meeting of the leading Swiss politicians from both sides in Paris. The result was the Act of Mediation which largely restored Swiss autonomy and introduced a Confederation of 19 cantons. Henceforth, much of Swiss politics would concern balancing the cantons' tradition of self-rule with the need for a central government.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Second Hungarian Republic", "paragraph_text": "The Second Hungarian Republic () was a parliamentary republic briefly established after the disestablishment of the Kingdom of Hungary on 1 February 1946 and was itself dissolved on 20 August 1949. It was succeeded by the People's Republic of Hungary.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Alps", "paragraph_text": "During the Napoleonic Wars in the late 18th century and early 19th century, Napoleon annexed territory formerly controlled by the Habsburgs and Savoys. In 1798 he established the Helvetic Republic in Switzerland; two years later he led an army across the St. Bernard pass and conquered almost all of the Alpine regions.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Apolinario Mabini", "paragraph_text": "Apolinario Mabini y Maranan (July 23, 1864 – May 13, 1903) was a Filipino revolutionary leader, educator, lawyer, and statesman who served first as a legal and constitutional adviser to the Revolutionary Government, and then as the first Prime Minister of the Philippines upon the establishment of the First Philippine Republic. He is regarded as the \"\"utak ng himagsikan\"\" or \"brain of the revolution\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Richard C. Anderson", "paragraph_text": "Richard C. Anderson (born 1934) is an American educational psychologist who has published influential research on children's reading, vocabulary growth, and story discussions that promote thinking. He is the director of the Center for the Study of Reading and professor emeritus at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Anderson is a past president of the American Educational Research Association.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "West Germany", "paragraph_text": "The foundation for the influential position held by Germany today was laid during the Wirtschaftswunder (economic miracle) of the 1950s when West Germany rose from the enormous destruction wrought by World War II to become the world's third - largest economy. The first chancellor Konrad Adenauer, who remained in office until 1963, had worked for a full alignment with NATO rather than neutrality. He not only secured a membership in NATO but was also a proponent of agreements that developed into the present - day European Union. When the G6 was established in 1975, there was no question whether the Federal Republic of Germany would be a member as well.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Jacob Vernet", "paragraph_text": "Jacob Vernet (29 August 1698, Geneva – 26 March 1789, Geneva) was a prominent theologian in Geneva, Republic of Geneva, who believed in a rationalist approach to religion. He was called \"the most important and influential Genevan pastor of his day\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "University of the Azores", "paragraph_text": "The University of the Azores (Portuguese: Universidade dos Açores), or commonly abbreviated as UAç, is the only public university in the Autonomous Region of the Azores, It was founded on January 9, 1976, two years after the Carnation Revolution that ended several decades of dictatorship in Portugal, but before the Portuguese Third Republic was institutionalized, along with the Region's Autonomy. The university is a public institution dependent on the Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education and was established in order to advance sustainable development and higher education in the Azores.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Dhivya College of Education", "paragraph_text": "Dhivya College of Education was established in Chetpet, Thiruvannamalai District, Tamil Nadu, India in 2005 by B.Selvarajan Educational Trust under the leadership of B.Selvarajan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "IRIB Amoozesh", "paragraph_text": "IRIB Amoozesh (شبكه’ آموزش in Persian \"The Education Channel\"), is an Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting television channel, broadcast in Worldwide.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 9471, "question": "Where was the Helvetic Republic established?", "answer": "Switzerland", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 }, { "id": 31210, "question": "Who from #1 was an influential in education?", "answer": "Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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